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PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  ARNOLD  ARBORETUM,  No.  4 

PLANTAE   WILSONIANAE 

AN    ENUMERATION    OF    THE    WOODY    PLANTS 

COLLECTED  IN  WESTERN  CHINA  FOR  THE 

ARNOLD    ARBORETUM    OF    HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY  DURING  THE  YEARS 

1907,    1908,    AND    1910 

BY  E.  H.  WILSON 

EDITED    BY 

CHARLES  SPRAGUE  SARGENT 
Volume  I 


CAMBRIDGE 

THE   UNIVERSITY   PRESS 

1913 


Part     I.  (pp.  1-144)  issued  July  31,  1911 
Part   II.  (pp.  145-312)  issued  April  30,  1912 
Part  III.  (pp.  313-578)  issued  May  15,  1913 


PREFACE 

Although  important  collections  of  plants  had  been  made  in 
western  Szech'uan  by  the  French  missionary  Armand  David  as 
early  as  1870,  the  world  knew  -little  of  the  remarkable  beauty 
and  richness  of  the  flora  of  west  central  China  until  Augustine 
Henry,  an  officer  of  the  Chinese  Imperial  Maritime  Customs 
Service  stationed  at  Ichang  from  1882  to  1889,  sent  to  England 
the  dried  plants  which  he  had  collected  in  western  Hupeh.  An 
examination  of  these  collections,  the  first  of  which  reached 
England  in  1886,  disclosed  many  new  genera  and  a  great  num- 
ber of  new  species.  Henry  collected  only  herbarium  specimens 
and  a  few  lily  bulbs,  and  took  no  steps  to  introduce  into  western 
gardens  his  remarkable  discoveries. 

It  was  evident,  however,  that  from  no  other  part  of  the  world 
could  so  many  new  plants  suitable  to  adorn  the  parks  and 
gardens  of  temperate  climates  be  found  as  in  western  China; 
and  in  1897  I  advised  the  late  James  H.  Veitch,  at  that  time 
the  Managing  Director  of  the  well-known  nursery  firm  of  James 
H.  Veitch  &  Sons,  of  London,  to  send  a  collector  to  Hupeh  to 
collect  the  seeds  of  Henry's  interesting  discoveries,  and  to  make 
additional  observations  on  the  flora  of  that  region. 

Mr.  E.  H.  Wilson,  a  student  at  the  Royal  College  of  Science, 
South  Kensington,  and  previously  a  young  gardener  in  the 
Royal  Gardens  at  Kew,  then  twenty-three  years  old,  was  selected 
on  the  recommendation  of  Sir  William  T.  Thiselton-Dyer  for 
the  undertaking.  He  left  England  on  April  11,  1899,  traveling 
by  the  way  of  Boston  in  order  to  visit  the  Arboretum,  and  then, 
after  a  short  stay  in  Yunnan,  where  he  went  to  confer  with  Dr. 
Henry,  who  was  then  stationed  at  Szemao,  he  reached  Ichang 


8f^8RO 


VI  PREFACE 

early  in  February,  1900.  The  next  two  years  were  devoted  by 
him  to  collecting  in  the  mountains  of  western  Hupeh.  From 
this  journey  Wilson  returned  to  England  in  April,  1902,  and 
went  to  China  again  in  January  of  the  following  year  with  a 
special  commission  to  collect  Meconopsis  integrifolia,  found  only 
in  the  alpine  regions  of  the  Thibetan  border,  which  he  now 
explored  for  the  first  time.  During  these  two  journeys  Wilson 
sent  to  England  the  seeds  of  a  large  number  of  plants  and  many 
lily  bulbs,  and  made  a  considerable  herbarium.  His  work,  how- 
ever, in  western  China,  was  not  completed.  Under  instructions 
from  Mr.  Veitch,  Wilson  had  paid  attention  only  to  'plants  of 
supposed  horticultural  value,  and  had  neglected  conifers  and 
many  other  important  plants  almost  entirely,  no  one  then  sus- 
pecting that  on  the  slopes  of  the  mountains  which  rise  from  the 
plains  of  China  to  the  Thibetan  plateau  is  probably  the  greatest 
aggregation  of  conifers  in  the  world. 

It  seemed  desirable,  therefore,  that  the  work  which  Wilson 
had  so  well  begun  should  be  completed,  and  the  Arboretum 
was  fortunate  in  securing  his  services  for  another  Chinese  ex- 
ploring expedition.  He  left  Boston  on  this  journey  on  December 
31,  1906,  and  returned  in  May,  1909.  This  journey  was  very 
successful.  He  sent  back  seeds,  often  in  large  quantities,  of 
more  than  1000  species  of  trees  and  shrubs,  many  lily  bulbs, 
the  cuttings  of  willows  and  poplars,  the  roots  of  a  few  other 
trees  and  shrubs,  an  herbarium  of  about  50,000  sheets,  and  a 
collection  of  720  photographs.  In  the  autumn  of  1908,  when  he 
was  among  the  forests  of  conifers,  these  trees  were  not  bearing 
cones.  It  was  important  that  these  trees  should  be  introduced 
into  the  Arboretum,  and  in  April,  1910,  Wilson,  for  the  fourth 
time,  went  to  China  for  the  purpose  of  carrying  out  this  plan, 
returning  a  year  later  with  large  and  valuable  collections. 

In  the  Plantae  Wilsonianae  is  found  an  account  of  the  speci- 
mens collected  by  Wilson  in  these  two  journeys,  with  descriptions 
of  new  species  and  varieties,  and  the  enumeration  of  several  im- 
portant groups  as  they  are  represented  in  China.  It  is  impos- 
sible yet  to  form  an  accurate  opinion  of  the  number  of  new 


PEEFACE  Vll 

species  discovered  by  Wilson  in  his  four  journeys.  It  is  safe  to 
say  that  few  travelers,  however,  have  discovered  as  many  new 
plants;  certainly  no  other  man  has  ever  introduced  so  many 
woody  plants  of  exceptional  interest  and  value  into  cultivation. 
This  will  appear  when  it  is  realized  that  in  the  first  volume  of 
the  Plantae  Wilsonianae,  which  we  believe  contains  the  enumer- 
ation of  about  one-half  of  Wilson's  Arboretum  collections,  there 
are  described  two  new  genera,  two  hundred  and  twenty-five 
new  species  and  one  hundred  and  sixty-two  new  varieties  of 
woody  plants.  In  earlier  publications  have  appeared  descrip- 
tions of  two  new  genera  and  about  one  hundred  new  species  of 
woody  plants  discovered  by  Wilson  in  his  first  journeys. 

In  the  preparation  of  this  work  the  Arboretum  is  indebted  to 
a  number  of  European  specialists  who  have  elaborated  several 
different  groups,  and  I  take  this  opportunity  to  extend  to  them 
the  cordial  thanks  of  the  Arboretum. 

C.  S.  Sargent. 

May,  1913. 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS 

Page 

Pinaceae:  Pinus 1 

Saxifragaceae  :  Philadelphus,  Deutzia,  Cardiandra,  Hydrangea, 

Schizophragma,  Dichroa,  Itea,  Ribes 4 

Rosaceae:  Sorbaria,  Rubus,  Maddenia,  Prunus  subgen.  Padus  47 

Aquifoliaceae  :  Ilex 76 

Aceraceae:  Dipteronia,  Acer 83 

Vitaceae:  Tetrastigma,  Cayratia,  Ampelopsis,  Parthenocissus, 

Vitis 99 

Caprifoliaceae  :  Sambucus,  Viburnum,  Triosteum,  Symphori- 

carpus,  Dipelta,  Abelia,  Lonicera,  Diervilla 106 

Saxifragaceae:  Philadelphus,  Deutzia,  Hydrangea,  Pilostegia, 

Decumaria,  Ribes 145 

Rosaceae:   Cotoneaster,  Pyracantha,    Crataegus,   Osteomeles, 

Photinia,  Stranvaesia,  Eriobotrya,  Amelanchier,  Prunus  .  154 
Flacourtiaceae  :  Xylosma,     Carrieria,     Idesia,     Poliothyrsis, 

Itoa 283 

Stachyuraceae:  Staehyurus 287 

Styracaceae  :  Styrax,  Alniphyllum,  Pterostyrax 289 

Oleaceae:  Syringa,  Forsythia 297 

BiGNONiACEAE :  Campsis,  Amphicome,  Catalpa 303 

Caprifoliaceae:  Sambucus,  Viburnum,  Leycesteria 306 

Trochodendraceae  :  Euptelea 313 

Cercidiphyllaceae  :  Cercidiphyllum 316 

Ranunculaceae:  Paeonia,  Clematis 318 

Lardizabalaceae  :  Decaisnea,  Stauntonia,  Holboellia,  Akebia, 

Sinofranehetia,  Sargentodoxa 344 

Berberidaceae  :  Berberis,  Mahonia,  Nandina 353 

Menispermaceae  :  Sinomenium,  Cocculus,  Diploclisia,  Stepha- 

nia,  Cyclea,  Tinospora 387 

Magnoliaceae  :   Magnolia,  Michelia,  Liriodendron,  Kadsura, 

Schisandra,  Illicium,  Tetracentron 391 

ix 


X  TABLE   OF   CONTENTS 

'  Page 

Caltcanthaceae:  Meratia 419 

Hamamelidaceae:  Liquidambar,  Distylium,  Corylopsis,  Fortu- 

nearia,  Sinowilsonia,  Loropetalum,  Sycopsis,  Hamamelis.    .  421 

EucoMMiACEAE :  Eucommia 433 

Rosaceae  :  Neillia,  Stephanandra,  Spiraea,  Sibiraea,  Exochorda, 

Sorbus 434 

Celastraceae  :  Evonymus 485 

Hippocastanaceae:  Aesculus 488 

Clethraceae:  Clethra 501 

Ericaceae:  Rhododendron,  Enkianthus,  Cassiope,  Pieris,  Gaul- 

theria,  Arctous,  Vaccinium 503 

Loganiaceae:  Gardneria,  Buddleia 563 

Scrophulariaceae  :  Brandisia,  Paulownia 573 


Corrections 579 

Index 581 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  ARNOLD  ARBORETUM,  No.  4 

PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE 

AN    ENUMERATION    OF    THE    WOODY    PLANTS 

COLLECTED  IN  WESTERN  CHINA  FOR  THE 

ARNOLD    ARBORETUM    OF    HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY  DURING  THE  YEARS 

1907,    1908,    AND    1910 

BY  E.  H.  WILSON 

EDITED   BY 

CHARLES   SPRAGUE    SARGENT 
Part  I 


Issued,  July  31,  1911 


CAMBRIDGE 

THE    UNIVERSITY   PRESS 

1911 


PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE,  Part  I.    Issued  July  31,  1911 

PiNACEAE 

Pinus  by  George  R.  Shaw 1 

Saxifragaceae 

Philadelphus  by  E.  Koehne 4 

Deutzia  by  Alfred  Rehder 6 

Cardiandra  by  Alfred  Rehder 24 

Hydrangea  by  Alfred  Rehder 25 

Schizophragma  by  Alfred  Rehder 41 

Dichroa  by  Alfred  Rehder      43 

Itea  by  Alfred  Rehder 44 

Ribes  by  E.  Janczewski 44 

ROSACEAE 

Sorbaria  by  Alfred  Rehder 47 

Rubus  by  W.  0.  Focke 48 

Maddenia  by  E.  Koehne 56 

Prunus  Subgen,  Padus  by  E.  Koehne 59 

Aquifoliaceae  by  Th.  Loesener 

Ilex 76 

Aceraceae  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Dipteronia - 83 

Acer 83 

ViTACEAE  by  F.  Gagnepain 

Tetrastigma 99 

Cayratia 99 

Ampelopsis 100 

Parthenocissus 101 

Vitis 102 

Caprifoliaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Sambucus 106 

Viburnum 106 

Triosteum 116 

Syinphoricarpos 117 

Dipelta 118 

Abelia 118 

Lonicera 129 

Diervilla .    .  144 


PINACEAE. 

PINUS  L. 

Determined  by  George  RnssELL  Shaw. 

Pinus  Armandii  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VII. 

95,  96  t.  12  (PL  David.  I.  285)  (1884). 

Pinus  scipioniformis  Masters  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  VI.  270  (1898). 

Pinu^  koraiensis  Masters  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIII.  34,  f.  18,  19  (not 

Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  (1903). 
Pinus  Mastersiana  Hayata  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLIII.  194  (1898). 
Pinus  Armandii,  var.  Mastersiana  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXV. 

art.  XIX.  215,  f.  8  (Fl.  Mont.  Formos.)  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Sze-kou-tze,  east  of  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  Decem- 
ber 1907  (No.  2505);  northwest  of  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  2000  m., 
September  1907  (No.  2506);  Ta-wan,  alt.  1500  m.,  June  and  July  1907 
(No.  2509);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  July  1907  (No.  2511).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country  and  mountains  west  of  Wen-chuan 
Hsien,  alt.  1500-2500  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1151);  Fei- 
yueh-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  alt.  2500-2800  m.,  August  1908  (No. 
1387);  Pan-lan-shan  and  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2500-3300  m.,  June  and 
November  1908  (No.  1470). 

Pinus  Bungeana  Zuccarini  in  Endlicher,  Syn.  Conif.  166  (1847). 
Western  Hupeh:  Pa-tung  Hsien,  November  1907,  January  1909 
(No.  2512). 

It  is  interesting  that  this  species,  originally  described  from  cultivated  plants 
near  Pekin,  was  found  by  Mr.  Wilson  growing  wild  on  the  mountains  of  Hupeh. 

Pinus  Massoniana  Lambert,  Gen.  Pin.  I.  17,  t.  12  (1803). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1500  m.,  July  1907 
and  January  1909  (No.  1469);  Ichang  and  vicinity,  alt.  1000-1500  m., 
December  1907  (No.  1480);  alt.  1300  m.,  April  and  December  1907 
(No.  1481);  alt.  up  to  1300  m.,  May  and  December  1907  (No.  2503); 
Chang-yang Hsien, alt.  1500 m., November  1907  (No.  1482).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  1300  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1378);  alt. 
1100-1500  m.,  September   1908   (No.  1476);   Kia-ting  and  vicinity, 

1 


fc'-  >9.  MILL,  UsH-APY 
North  Carolina  State  College 


I  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

west  to  Mupin,  alt.  up  to  1000  m.,  May  and  November  1908  (No. 
1468).  Kiangsi:  foot  hills  about  Kiu-kiang,  alt.  300  m.,  August 
1907  (No.  1744).  Hongkong:  Happy  Valley,  alt.  sea-level-600  m., 
April  1909  (No.  1483). 

Pinus  densiflora  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  II.  22,  t.  112  (1842). 
Pinus  Henryi  Masters  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  550  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  July  1907  (No.  1484);  alt. 
1300  m.,  May  1907  (No.  1490);  alt.  1500  m.,  January  1908  (No.  1495); 
alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1497);  alt.  1600  m.,  May  1907  (No.  1498); 
alt.  1600  m.,  May  1907  (No.  1499);  Sheng-ting-chia,  May  1907  (No. 
1496);  Sze-kou-tze,  east  of  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  De- 
cember 1907,  January  1908  (No.  1485);  Ma-fou-ling,  west  of  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  alt.  1500-2000  m.,  January  1908  (No.  i486);  alt.  1600  m., 
January  1908  (No.  1487);  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  May  1907 
(Nos.  1488, 1494) ;  Ta-wan,  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  2200  m..  May,  July  and 
December  1907  (No.  1489) ;  northwest  of  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1600 
m.,  January  1909  (No.  1492).  Kiangsi:  Ku-ling,  alt.  1500  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  1745);  alt.  1400  m.,  August  1907  (No.  1747). 

Pinus  yunnanensis,  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XIII.  253  (1899). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin  and  vicinity,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
November  1908  (No.  1097);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt. 
1600-2300  m.,  November  1908  (Nos.  1369,  1370);  12  kilometers  from 
Mupin,  Yung-tsen,  alt.  1300  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1376);  Mupin, 
alt.  1300-1600  m.,  November  1908  (Nos.  1390,  1395);  alt.  1300-2000 
m.  (No.  1399);  alt.  1600  m.  (No.  1464);  Nitou,  Chin-chi  Hsien,  alt. 
1500-1600  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1393);  Malie,  Wa-shan,  alt.  1600 
m.,  November  1908  (No.  1394);  Tung  Valley,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
November  1908  (No.  1396);  Wa-shan,  alt.  1600  m.,  September  1908 
(No.  1471);  Mupin,  alt.  1500-2000  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1472); 
descent  from  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2300  m.,  August  1908  (No.  2501). 

Pinus  densata  Masters  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXVII.  416  (1906). 
Pinus  prominens  Masters  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXVII.  417  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chito  village,  16  kilometers  west  of  Ta- 
chien-lu, alt.  3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  905);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen- 
chuan  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1368);  20 
kilometers  north  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2800-3300  m.,  October  1908  (No. 
1397);  Tung  Valley,  alt.  1100  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1398);  Orang- 


PINACEAE.  —  PINUS  3 

che,  Valley  of  Ya-lung,  type  locality,  alt.  3000-3G00  m.,  October  1908 
(Nos.  1465,  1466,  1467,  1478);  alt.  4000  m.  (No.  1479);  forests  of 
Ta-pao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3500  m.,  July  1908  (No. 
1491);  descent  of  Hsao-ehin-ho,  Mou-kong-ting,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
June  1908  (No.  1500);  north  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3300  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  2502) ;  Moshi  mien,  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  lGOO-2000  m., 
October  1908  (No.  2504);  Sung-pan,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  1910  (No. 
4055);  no  locality,  1910  (No.  4073). 

Pinus  Wilsonii  Shaw,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  excelsa  foliis  geminis  rigidis  7-10  cm.  longis,  canalibus  resini- 
feris  numerosis  in  textura  virente  externis,  strobilis  solitariis  v.  2-3 
verticillatis,  junioribus  subterminalibus  mucronatis,  adultis  4-6  cm. 
longis  ovato-conicis  obtusis  subconformatis  pedunculatis  patulis  v. 
reflexis  persistentibus  in  aetate  matura  dehiscentibus,  squamarum 
apophysi  subelevato-pyramidata  nitido-fusca,  umbone  prominente 
saepe  mucronato. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  May 
and  July  1908  (No.  I475);  Wa-shan,  alt.  2000  m.,  September  1908 
(No.  1477);  Mao-chou,  alt.  1900  m.,  May  1908,  type  specimen  (No. 
1493);  Niu-tow-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2300  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  2500);  Min  Valley,  1910  (No.  4056). 

In  many  particulars  this  Pine  resembles  the  previous  species  and  ultimately 
may  be  united  with  it;  the  principal  difference  lies  in  its  subsymmetrical  cone  and 
its  possibly  invariable  number  of  fascicle  leaves.  The  species  is  established  on  the 
representation  of  Mr.  Wilson,  who  considers  it  entirely  distinct  from  all  the  other 
Pines  that  he  has  seen  in  China. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE. 
PHILADELPHUS  L. 

Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

Philadelphus  subcanus  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII. 
83  (1904).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  369  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  3039);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  3040);  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2300  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3042);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  1800- 
2300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3043). 

I  formerly  found  the  style  pilose,  but  now  I  find  it  glabrous  in  some  flowers  of 
Wilson's  specimens. 

Philadelphus  subcanus,  var.  dubius  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Ramuli  floriferi  etiam  infra  racemum  laxe  pilosi  (in  typo  ibidem 
glabri).  Folia  subtus  etiam  inter  nervos  dense  pilosa,  interdum 
etiam  supra  pilosa.    Stylus  saepe  glaber. 

Western    Szech'uan:    Pan-lan-shan,  west  of    Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 

1500-2300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3044);  Min  valley,  Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 

900  m.,  June  2,  1908  (No.  3045). 

By  its  leaves  being  pilose  also  on  the  upper  surface  this  variety  seems  to  ap- 
proach P.  Magdalenae  Koehne,  but  in  that  species  the  ovaries  and  sepals  are  brown- 
ish violet  outside  which  I  have  never  observed  in  P.  subcanus.  No.  3045  and 
part  of  No.  3044  have  the  leaves  on  the  upper  surface  and  the  style  glabrous,  while 
one  part  of  No.  3044  has  the  leaves  above  and  the  style  at  the  base  pilose. 

Philadelphus  Wilsonii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2  m.  v.  3.3-6  m.  altus;  cortex  ramorum  biennium  persistens 
albido-griseus;  ramuli  juveniles  sub  anthesi  [innovationes  desideran- 
tur]  fusci  glabri;  gemmae  absconditae.  Petioli  8-12  mm.  longi  cras- 
siusculi,  subtus  laxe  subaccumbenti-pilosi ;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v. 
contracta  ovato-oblonga  v.  ovato-elliptica,  10-16  cm.  longa,  4.8-7.6 
cm.  lata,  infimis  supremisque  binis  exceptis  multoties  minoribus, 
leviter  longiuscule  v.  breviter  acuminata,  denticulata  denticulis  sat 
remotis  ad  mucronem  reductis,  supra  pilis  brevissimis  remotissimis 

4 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  PHILADELPHUS  5 

conspcrsa,  subtus  in  costa  nervis  venisque  validioribus  sat  dense,  inter 
venas  laxius  molliuscule  pilosa,  fructificationis  tempore  subglabra, 
membranacea,  nervorum  paribus  2  rarius  3.  Racemi  13-14  cm. 
longi,  laxi,  9-11-flori,  axi  glabro  v.  pilis  remotissimis  paucissimis  con- 
sperso;  florum  paria  1-2  infima  foliis  magnis,  sequens  foliis  parvis, 
cetera  bracteis  hypsophylloideis  fugacibus  suffulta;  pedicelli  in- 
feriores  10-15  mm.  longi,  ceteri  subdecrescentes,  pilis  erecto-patenti- 
bus  subcinerei;  ovarium  5  mm.  longum,  ut  sepala  ad  7  mm.  longa 
fuscescens  pilis  mollibus  teneris  accumbentibus  breviusculis  sub- 
cinerea;  sepala  intus  basi  excepta  albo-tomentosa;  corolla  alba, 
circiter  3.3  cm.  lata,  petala  ovali-orbicularia;  stamina  circ.  28,  dimi- 
diam  petalorum  partem  paullo  superantia  ad  9  mm.  longa;  stylus 
9-11  mm.  longus  stamina  aequans  v.  paullo  superans,  basi,  ut  discus 
sat  planus,  molliter  pilosus  (in  fructibus  vero  pilos  non  vidi),  usque  ad 
stigmata  indivisus;  stigmata  secus  marginem  exteriorem  antheras 
longitudine  aequantia.  Capsula  9-12  mm.  longa,  apice  convexo  glabro 
sepalorum  insertionem  triente  fere  superans. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt. 
1500-2700  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3041).  Western  Hupeh:  Fang 
Hsien,  alt.  2100  m.,  November  1907  (No.  581). 

Allied  to  P.  subcanus  from  which  it  chiefly  differs  in  the  unusually  large  leaves  of 
the  flowering  branchlets.  No.  581,  though  differing  from  the  type  in  the  subglabrous 
leaves  and  the  glabrous  apex  of  the  fruit,  probably  belongs  to  this  species. 

Philadelphus  incanus  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  XLV.  562  (excludenda 
planta  Henry  No.  8823  quae  ad  P.  subcanum  pertinet)  (1896).  — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  370  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m., 
June  and  October  1907  (No.  574),  April  1907  (No.  3048),  May  1907 
(No.  3054),  July  1907  (No.  3055);  north  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1200- 
2100  m.,  July  and  November  1907  (No.  583) ;  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3049);  Fang  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1500-2100  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3047);  Changyang  Hsien,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3050) ;  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  600-1200  m., 
June  1907  (No.  3051),  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3052); 
Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3053). 

Besides  in  other  characters  it  differs  from  P.  subcanus  in  the  longer  and  more 
rigid  hairs  which  cover  the  ovary  and  the  sepals. 

Philadelphus  brachybotrys  Koehne,  n.  sp. 
Philadelphus  pekinensis,  var.  brachybotrys  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges. 
XIII.  84  (1904).  — Schneider,  ///.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  373  (1901). 


6  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

This  is  not  a  variety  of  P.  pekinensis  Ruprecht  (sect.  Coronarii),  but  belongs 
to  the  section  Satsumani,  on  account  of  the  two  years  old  branches  having  a  close 
gray  or  brownish  gray  bark  often  divided  by  numerous  horizontal  cracks, 

PhUadelphus  brachybotrys,  var.  purpurascens  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Frutex  1.4-6  m.  altus.  Petioli  in  ramulis  florentibus  1-2  mm.  longi, 
laxe  pilosi  v.  glabri,  in  innovationibus  ad  4  mm.  longi,  laxe  pilosi; 
lamina  in  innovationum  foliis  3.5-5  cm.  longa,  1.3-2.2  cm.  lata,  utrin- 
secus  dentes  3-8  ad  0.6  mm.  longos  gerens,  ciliata,  in  ramulorum  florent- 
ium  foliis  0.8-3.2  cm.  longa,  0.5-1.7  cm.  lata,  denticulis  minutis  paucis, 
supra  ut  in  typo  laxe  pilosa,  subtus  vero  nonnisi  in  nervis  primariis 
pilis  longiusculis  rigidis  accumbentibus  obsita  v.  interdum  glabra; 
nervorum  paria  plerumque  2.  Ramuli  florentes  3-8.5  cm.  longi  ad- 
jecto  racemo  2-4.5  cm.  longo  3-7-floro,  axi  glabro;  pedicelli  infimi  6-8 
mm.  longi,  glabri,  ut  axis  ovaria  sepalaque  saepe  purpurascentes; 
corolla  alba  1.8-2.7  cm.  diam,,  petala  ovali-rotundata,  10-14  mm. 
longa,  8-10  mm.  lata;  stamina  32,  33.  Stylus  vix  ultra  medium  in- 
divisus.  Fructus  8  mm.  longus,  6  mm.  diam.,  tertia  parte  convexa 
sepalorum  insertionem  superans. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2750-3200  m.,  July  3,  1908  (No.  3046);  west  of  Tachien- 
lu,  thickets,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1346). 


DEUTZIA  Thunb. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Deutzia  scabra  Thunberg,  Fl  Jap.  185,  t.  24  (1784).  — Lindley  in 
Bot.  Reg.  XX.  t.  1713  (1835).  —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXVII.  t. 
3838  (1841).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXIII.  276  (1887).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.,  I.  379,  fig.  242  1-q,  243  a-f  (1905). 

D.  crenata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl  Jap.,  I.  19,  t.  6  (1835).  —  Maximowicz  in 
Mim.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersb.  s6t.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  22,  t.  2,  fig.  27-31  (1867). 
Deutzia  Fortunei,  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.,  1866,  p.  338. 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  29,  1907  (No.  1569). 
Kiangsu:  Stronach  (ex  Hemsley). 

The  Kiangsi  specimen  has  remarkably  large  capsules,  about  7  mm.  in  diameter, 
and  large  leaves  ovate-oblong  to  lanceolate  and  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base. 
Hemsley  cites  also  specimens  from  Hupeh  and  Formosa;  the  first  quotation  prob- 
ably refers  to  the  following  species,  the  second  to  D.  iaiwanensis. 


\ 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  / 

Deutzia  Schneideriana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 
Deutzia  staminea  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  277  (not  R.  Brown)  (_18S8). 
Deulzia  crenala  Hemsley,  I.  c.  (in  part  as  to  the  Hupeh  specimens)  (not  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini). 

Fmtex  1-2  m.  altus  ramulis  fusco-purpureis,  initio  sparse  stellato- 
pilosis,  mox  glabrescentibus,  vetustioribus  griseo-brunncis  cortice 
detersili.  Gemmae  pluri-perulatae,  stellato-pilosae.  Folia  subchar- 
tacea,  elliptico-ovata,  interdum  ovata  v.  elliptico-oblonga,  breviter 
acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  interdum  rotundata,  argute  serru- 
lata,  3.5-7  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3  cm.  lata,  supra  pilis  5-6-radiatis  laxe 
conspersa,  subtus  canescentia  v.  albida,  dense  pilis  12-14-radiatis  ob- 
tecta,  ad  venas  pilis  longis  simplicibus  instructa,  utrinsecus  4-6-cos- 
tata;  petioli  parce  stellato-pilosi,  3-4  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  late 
paniculata,  3-6  cm.  longa;  calyx  hemisphericus,  dense  stellato-pilosus 
dentibus  triangularibus  tubum  subaequantibus ;  petala  oblonga, 
circa  10  mm.  longa,  extus  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  longiora  petalis 
quarta  parte  breviora  v.  interdum  fere  aequantia,  filamentis  dilatatis 
apice  manifeste  dentatis  dentibus  antheram  vix  attingentibus ;  styli 
plerumque  3,  graciles,  stamina  subaequantes.  Capsula  hemispherica, 
apice  leviter  contracta,  5-7  mm.  diam.,  calyce  deciduo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2889,  type) ;  without  locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  2152,  2152'^);  Ichang,  A.  Heriry  (No.  3571);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  1968). 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  scabra  Thunberg,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the 
leaves  being  only  sparingly  stellate-pubescent  and  therefore  green  on  the  under- 
side, without  simple  hairs  on  the  veins,  by  their  crenulate-serrate  margin  with  ap- 
pressed  serratures  and  by  the  narrow,  nearly  cyUndric  panicles,  while  the  related 
D.  hypoleuca  Maximowicz  differs  in  its  five  styles  and  narrow  panicles.  I  take 
pleasure  in  associating  with  this  species  the  name  of  Mr.  C.  K.  Schneider  whose 
"Beitrag  zur  Kenntnis  der  Gattimg  Deutzia"  (in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII. 
172-188  (1904)  is  a  valuable  contribution  to  the  knowledge  of  this  genus. 

Deutzia  Schneideriana,  var.  laxiflora  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  praecipue  foliis  subtus  viridibus,  sparsius  stellato- 
pilosis,  paniculis  laxioribus  latioribusque.  Frutex  2-2.5  m.  altus. 
Folia  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata, 
remote  et  irregulariter  denticulata,  5-7  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.3  cm.  lata, 
supra  pilis  4-5-radiatis  sparsius,  subtus  pilis  10-12-radiatis  densius 
conspersa.  Panicula  6-9  cm.  longa  et  5-8  cm.  lata,  ramulis  infimis 
floribus  inclusis  4-5  cm.  longis;  petala  12-14  mm.  longa,  acutiuscula. 
Capsula  5  mm.  diam.     Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 


8  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  900-1400  m., 
June  and  December  1907  (No.  767). 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  leaves  being  on  their  under  side  only  spar- 
ingly stellate-pubescent  and  therefore  green,  and  in  the  looser  and  broader  panicles . 

Deutzia  pilosa  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metrahs  ramuHs  fuscis,  junioribus  pilis  longis  patentibus 
ferrugineis  instructis,  secundo  anno  tarde  glabrescentibus.  Folia 
brevissime  petiolata,  membranacea,  ovata  v.  ovali-ovata  v.  oblongo- 
ovata,  longe  acuminata  acumine  saepe  falcato,  basi  rotundata  v. 
subcordata,  argute  mucronulato-serrulata,  3-6.5  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3 
cm.  lata,  concoloria,  supra  pilis  stellatis  3-4-radiatis  et  insuper  radio 
central!  longiore  instructis,  subtus  piUs  4-6-radiatis  radio  centrali  in- 
structis conspersa  et  ad  venas  pilis  simplicibus  patentibus  praedita; 
petioli  dense  pilosi,  1-2  mm.  longi.  Cyma  3-9-flora,  rarius  uniflora, 
bracteis  lineari-lanceolatis  v.  ebracteata,  pilis  ferrugineis  patentibus 
instructa,  pedunculo  gracili,  1.5-3.5  cm.  longo;  flores  graciliter  pedi- 
cellati;  dentes  calycis  late  ovati  subito  breviter  acuminata,  tubo 
dense  pube  homomorpha  v.  interdum  heteromorpha  obtecto  dimidio 
breviores;  petala  oblongo-ovata,  circa  8  mm.  longa,  extus  dense  stel- 
lato-pilosa;  stamina  petalis  fere  dimidio  breviora,  filamentis  exteriorum 
manifeste  dentatis  dentibus  lanceolatis  falcatis  antheram  fere  ses- 
silem  multo  superantibus,  interiorum  lanceolatis  antheram  faciei 
interiori  circa  medium  affixam  gerentibus;  styli  3-4,  staminibus  multo 
breviora,  1.5  mm.  longa.  Capsula  subglobosa,  circa  5  mm.  diam., 
calycis  dentibus  persistentibus  incurvis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200- 
1500  m.,  June  19,  1903  (No.  2896,  type);  Mt.  Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  4884). 

In  its  spreading  pilose  ferrugineous  pubescence  and  its  long  peduncled  few- 
flowered  inflorescence  this  is  very  unUke  any  other  species.  No.  4884  differs 
from  the  type  somewhat  in  the  heteromorphous  pubescence  of  the  calyx  and  in  the 
less  marked  development  of  the  central  ray  of  the  hairs  on  the  upper  side  of  the 
leaves. 

Deutzia  setchuenensis  Franch.,  var.  longidentata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Folia  ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  rarius  oblongo-lanceolata,  4-8  cm. 
longa,  concoloria,  supra  pilis  plerumque  4-radiatis,  subtus  plerumque 
6-radiatis,  5-7-radiatis  rarius  8-radiatis  interspersis,  radio  centrali 
destitutis  conspersa.  Cyma  pauciflora,  longe  pedunculata,  pedicellis 
gracilibus;  filamenta  staminum  exteriorum  dentibus  lanceolatis  an- 
theram multo  superantibus,  interiorum  lanceolata  antheram  faciei  in- 
teriori infra  medium  affixam  gerentia;  ceterum  ut  in  typo. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  9 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chin-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m., 
May  25,  1908  (No.  2895). 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  elongated  filaments  much  exceeding  the 
anthers  as  well  in  the  interior  as  in  the  exterior  stamens,  in  the  smaller  cymes  and 
in  the  green  only  sparingly  stellate-pubescent  under  side  of  the  leaves.  This  may 
be  a  distinct  species,  if  the  characters  should  prove  to  be  constant,  but  as  the  ma- 
terial at  hand  is  meagre  and  does  not  seem  of  quite  normal  development,  it  may  be 
referred  provisionally  to  D.  selchuenensis  as  a  variety. 

Deutzia  setchuenensis  var.  corymbiflora  Rehder,  n.  var. 
Deutzia  corymbiflora  Lemoine  in  Gard.  Chron.,  ser.  3,  XXIII.  121;  XXIV.  265, 

fig.  76  (1898);  in  Rev.  Hort.,  1898,  401,  fig.  138;  in  Rev.  Hart.  Belg.  XXV. 

67  (1898).  —  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  180  (1904). 
Deutzia  setchuenensis  Hutchinson  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8255  (1909). 
Deutzia  corymbiflora  erecta  Lemoine  in  Jour.  Soc.  Hort.  France,  s6t.  4,  III.  308 

(1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  June 
1910  (No.  4486).  —  Originally  introduced  into  cultivation  from  east- 
ern Szech'uan. 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  denser  more  or  less  heteromorphous  pu- 
bescence of  the  leaves  and  the  many-flowered  inflorescence  with  the  pedicels  as 
long  or  shorter  than  the  calyx.  Deutzia  corymbiflora  erecta  Lemoine  differs  slightly 
in  its  more  ascending  branchlets,  smaller  inflorescence  and  narrower  leaves  with 
sometimes  nearly  homomorphous  pubescence.  The  Deutzia  figured  by  Burvenich 
(in  Rev.  Hort.  Belg.  XXVII.  157,  t.)  as  D.  corymbiflora  does  not  belong  here,  but  is 
apparently  D.  purpurascens  (Franchet)  Rehder  or  one  of  its  hybrids. 

Deutzia  coriacea  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  ramulis  annotinis  cinereo-fuscis  peridermate  tarde 
decorticante,  hornotinis  fusco-flavidis  glabris.  Gemmae  parvae  perulis 
4  exterioribus  stellato-pilosis.  Folia  coriacea  partim  per  secundum 
annum  persistentia,  ovata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata, 
spinoso-dentata,  3-5.5  cm.  longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra  glaberrima, 
nitida,  flavido-viridia,  subtus  pallide  viridia,  pilis  minutis,  5-7-radiatis 
conspersa,  utrinsecus  4-6-costata;  petioli  purpurascentes,  glabri, 
5-7  mm.  longi.  Cymae  e  gemmis  lateralibus  et  terminalibus  aphyllis 
orientes,  pedunculo  2-5  mm.  longo,  rarius  longiori  insidentes,  5-9- 
florae;  flores  desiderantur.  Capsulae  breviter  pedicellatae,  ovoideo- 
hemisphericae  leviter  costatae,  circa  4  mm.  longae,  pube  homomorpha 
stellate  vestitae;  calycis  dentes  capsula  dimidio  breviores,  late  triangu- 
lares, erecti  v.  leviter  incurvi;  styli  3,  circa  2  mm.  longi,  persistentes. 

Eastern  Szech'uan:  Taning  Hsien,  limestone  cliffs,  alt.  600  m., 
June  26,  1910  (No.  4481). 

Deutzia  coriacea  is  a  very  striking  species  with  its  coriaceous  lustrous  almost 
spiny  fohage;  it  is  most  nearly  related  to  D.  Fargesii  Franchet,  which  is  easily  dia- 


10  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

tinguished  by  its  long-peduncled  lax  inflorescence  and  by  the  narrower,  thinner, 
denticulate,  scarcely  lustrous  leaves. 

Deutzia  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  281  (1890). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  June 
1910  (No. 4488).  EasternSzech'uan:  Ky-min-se,  near Chang-k'on, 
R.  P.  Farges  (No.  1043). 

Franchet  describes  the  leaves  "utraque  facie  glabra  "  but  they  are  on  the  under 
side  rather  densely  covered  with  closely  appressed,  minute,  6-7-radiate  hairs, 
hardly  visible  to  the  naked  eye. 

Deutzia  glomeruliflora  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser. 
2,  VIII.  236  {PI  David.  II.  54)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  April  1869,  A.  David  (ex  Franchet); 
Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1188); 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2500  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2891),  alt. 
1300-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2901);  valley  of  Hsao-chin  Ho,  near 
Monkong  Ting,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2899);  Cheto- 
shan,  southwest  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3500  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4383); 
no  locality,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3568).  Yunnan:  woods 
near  Fang-yang-chang,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  7,  1888,  J.  M.  Delavay. 

Wilson's  specimens  show  a  wide  range  of  variation.  His  No.  2S91,  with  its  small 
and  dense  inflorescences  on  short  branchlets  bearing  only  a  few  small  leaves  and 
sometimes  nearly  leafless,  seems  nearest  to  the  type.  All  his  specimens,  however, 
have  the  flowers  larger  than  those  described  by  Franchet,  particularly  No.  2901, 
which  has  the  petals  14  mm.  long  and  10  mm.  broad.  Sometimes,  as  in  No.  2899, 
the  flowers  are  borne  on  elongated  branchlets  with  three  pairs  of  well  developed 
leaves.  This  tends  to  show  that  the  type  specimen  does  not  present  the  normal 
development  of  the  species,  but  a  somewhat  abnormal  precocious  state,  as  may  be 
inferred  from  the  fact  that  the  type  specimen  was  collected  in  April,  while  Wilson's 
flowering  specimens  were  aU  gathered  in  June.  No.  1188  has  the  pubescence  of 
the  calyx  heteromorphous,  as  described  by  Franchet,  while  in  the  other  specimens 
the  pubescence  is  homomorphous  except  in  Delavay's  specimen  from  Yunnan, 
which  differs  besides  in  its  broader  leaves. 

Deutzia  glomeruliflora  x  longifolia  Rehder,  n.  hybr. 

Frutex  2  m.  altus  ramulis  rubro-fuscis,  junioribus  stellato-pilosis, 
annotinis  peridermate  solubili.  Folia  ovato-oblonga  v.  ovato-lanceo- 
lata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  argute  serrata,  2.5-5 
cm.  longa  et  1-1.5  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia  piHs  4-5-radiatis 
conspersa,  subtus  pallidiora  v.  canescentia  pilis  5-8-radiatis  partim 
radio  centrali  instructis  et  ad  venas  etiam  simplicibus  et  fasciculatis 
interspersis  obtecta;  petioli  stellato-pilosi,  circa  2  m.  longi.  Cyma 
convexa,  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium;  pedicelli  plerumque  tubum 
calycis  aequantibus;   calycis  dentes  lanceolati  tubum  pube  hetero- 


SAXIFRAGACEAE .  —  DEUTZIA  1 1 

morpha  praeditum  superantes;  petala  10-14  mm.  longa,  extusplerum- 
que  purpurascentia;  stamina  dimidiis  petalis  vix  longiora,  exteriora 
filamentorum  dentibus  antheram  fere  aequantibus  v.  superantibus, 
interiora  filamentis  lanceolatis  antheram  longe  superantibus;  styli 
stamina  subaequantes. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  May  1908 
(No.  2893);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1800  m., 
July  1908  (No.  2890) ;  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1800 
m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  2900). 

Wilson's  No.  2993,  from  which  the  description  given  above  is  drawn,  is  in  its 
characters  clearly  intermediate  between  D.  glomeruliflora  Franchet  and  D.  longi- 
folia  Franchet,  and  I  have  no  doubt  that  it  is  a  hybrid  between  these  two  species, 
both  of  which  have  been  collected  in  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu.  The  other  two 
numbers  seem  closer  to  D.  longifolia  and  may  possibly  represent  a  white-flowered 
variety  of  that  species,  though  they  differ  in  the  pubescence.  The  intermediate 
character  of  the  hybrid  is  most  clearly  shown  in  the  hairs  of  the  under  side  of  the 
leaves,  which  have  4-6  rays  in  D.  glomeruliflora  and  12-14  in  D.  longifolia,  while  in 
No.  2993  they  have  5-8  rays  and  in  the  other  two  numbers  8-10  rays.  The  flowers 
are  white  in  the  first  species,  purplish  outside  in  the  second  species,  and  slightly 
purplish  in  No.  2993,  while  in  the  two  other  numbers  they  are  white  as  in 
D.  glomeruliflora.     In  habit  the  hybrid  resembles  most  the  last  named  species. 

The  species  of  Deutzia  are  known  to  hybridize  easily  in  cultivation,  and  they 
seem  to  do  the  same  in  a  wild  state  if  they  have  the  opportunity,  for  besides  the 
hybrid  described  here,  another  hybrid,  between  D.  discolor  and  D.  mollis,  described 
below,  has  been  collected  in  a  wild  state. 

Deutzia  subsessilis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5  m.  altus  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  parcissime  stellato- 
pilosis,  annotinis  cortice  detersili  fusco  praeditis.  Gemmae  perulis 
ovatis  aeutis  stellato-pilosis.  Folia  membranacea,  oblongo-ovata, 
acuminata  acumine  obtuso  mucronulato,  basi  rotundata,  argute  ser- 
rulata,  3-6  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia  v. 
flavo-viridia,  pilis  sparsis  plerumque  4-radiatis  conspersa,  subtus 
pallidiora,  pilis  4-5-radiatis  laxe  conspersa  et  sub  lente  minute  punctu- 
lata,  utrinsecus  4-5-costata;  petioli  in  ramulis  floriferis  subnuUis,  in 
innovationibus  circa  1  mm.  longi,  parce  stellato-pilosi.  Cyma  pluriflora, 
convexa,  plerumque  sessilis,  parce  stellato-pilosa;  pedicelli  graciles; 
caljrx  stellato-tomentosus,  dentibus  triangularibus  tubo  aequilongis  v. 
paullo  longioribus  trinerviis;  petala  oblonga,  10  mm.  longa  et  6-7  mm. 
lata,  alba,  extus  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  petala  dimidia  aequantia,  fila- 
menta  exteriorum  apice  manifeste  bidentata  dentibus  triangularibus 
antheram  breviter  stipitatam  subaequantibus,  interiorum  anguste 
oblonga,  antheram  faciei  interiori  circa  medium  affixam  gerentia; 
styli  3,  stamina  subaequantes.    Capsulae  maturae  desunt. 


12  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  1800  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
ii88«). 

From  all  the  allied  species  this  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  nearly  sessile  leaves 
of  the  flowering  branches;  the  other  species  with  nearly  sessile  leaves,  D.  pilosa 
Rehder,  D.  Fabcri  Rehder,  and  D.  Sieholdiana  Maximowicz,  are  too  different  to 
be  confounded  with  D.  subsessilis. 

Deutzia  discolor  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  275  (1887). 

Hupeh:  Patung  distr.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5426,  5718);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  June  and  November  1807  (No. 
570,  2886,  2887,  2888);  without  locality  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  190,  710, 
1916^  2335,  2335^).  Southern  Shensi:  Mt.  Tun-u-sse,  June  16-18, 
1894,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  771). 

Deutzia  discolor  shows  considerable  variation  in  the  size  of  the  flowers,  density 
and  size  of  the  inflorescence  and  in  the  shape  of  the  filaments.  A  very  large-flow- 
ered form  has  been  distinguished  as  D.  discolor  var.  major  Veitch,  Cat.  1905,  fig. 
ex  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.,  1906,  appx.  I.  67;  Novelties  for  1907,  14.  The 
No.  2887  has  the  flowers  white  and  pink,  but  does  not  differ  otherwise  from 
D.  discolor. 

Deutzia  densiflora,  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  bimetralis  ramulis  robustis,  junioribus  floriferis  glabris  v. 
fere  glabris,  foliiferis  parce  stellato-pilosis,  annotinis  rubro-fuscis  cor- 
tice  detersili.  Gemmae  perulis  late  ovatis  abrupte  acuminulatis  stel- 
lato-pilosis. Folia  membranacea,  ovato-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  acuta  v. 
breviter  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  interdum  late  cuneata,  argute 
serrulata,  4-7  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.8  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia, 
pilis  4-5-radiatis  sparse  conspersa,  subtus  canescentia,  dense  pilis 
9-12-radiatis  obtecta,  utrinsecus  5-6-costata;  petioli  stellato-pilosi, 
2-4  mm.  longi.  Cyma  densa,  late  pyramidalis,  ad  7  cm.  longa  et  6 
cm.  diam.,  fere  glabra,  in  apice  ramulorum  perbrevium  plerumque 
paribus  foliorum  duobus  in  axillis  cymas  partiales  gerentibus  instruc- 
torum;  pedicelli  stellato-pilosi,  tubum  calycis  stellato-pilosi  sub- 
aequantes,  dentes  calycis  ovati,  abrupte  acuminulati,  tubo  paullo 
breviores;  petala  elliptico-oblonga,  alba,  extus  sparse  stellato-pilosa,  8-9 
mm.  longa;  stamina  petalis  tertia  parte  breviora,  filamenta  exteriorum 
apice  manifeste  dentata,  dentibus  triangularibus  stipitem  antherae 
plerumque  subaequantibus  v.  paullo  superantibus,  interiorum  an- 
guste  oblonga,  apice  obtusa  v.  obsolete  denticulata,  antheram  circa 
medium  affixam  gerentia;  styli  3,  staminibus  longioribus  paullo 
breviores.     Capsulae  maturae  desiderantur. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1200- 
1500  m.,  May  19,  1907  (No.  2885). 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  13 

Allied  to  Deutzia  discolor  Hemsley,  which  ia  easily  distinguished  by  its  looser 
cymes,  lanceolate  calyx-teeth  and  by  the  interior  filaments  not  exceeding  the 
anthers  and  usually  bidentate. 

Deutzia  longifolia  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6t.  2, 
VIII.  235  (PL  David.  II.  53)  (1885). 

Szech'uan:  Mupin,  David  (ex  Franchet);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt. 
1500-2300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  ii86);  southeast  of  Ta- 
chien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2700  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No. 
1321,  1322,  2892);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
June  and  November  1908  (No.  1340);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  October  1910  (Nos.  4298,  4326); 
Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4300);  without 
locaHty,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3567,  3567^);  Tachien-lu, 
A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  677). 

Though  Wilson's  specimens  differ  from  the  description  of  D.  longifolia  Franchet, 
of  which  I  have  not  seen  the  type,  in  the  broader  leaves  and  larger  flowers,  I  have 
no  doubt  that  they  must  be  referred  to  this  species.  The  leaves  of  Wilson's  speci- 
mens are  sometimes  ovate-oblong  and  3  cm.  broad  and  the  petals  attain  14  mm. 
in  length.  From  the  allied  species  D.  longifolia  is  readily  distinguished  by  the 
narrower,  rather  thickish  leaves,  rugose  above  and  with  strongly  elevated  veins 
on  the  whitish  under  side,  by  the  heteromorphous  pubescence  of  the  under  side, 
the  purplish  flowers  in  many-flowered  panicuhform  cymes  usually  loose  and  borne 
on  elongated  branchlets,  but  sometimes  rather  dense  and  on  short  branchlets,  by 
the  usually  four  styles  and  larger  capsules  measuring  about  6  mm.  in  diameter. 

Deutzia  mollis  Duthie  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XL.  238  (1906). 
Hupeh:  without  locality  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1959,  2282,  type); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2894). 
A  natural  hybrid  of  this  species  with  D.  discolor  is  described  below. 

Deutzia  rubens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  ramulis  gracilibus  rubro-fuscis,  junioribus  sparsis- 
sime  stellato-pilosis,  mox  glabrescentibus,  annotinis  cortice  detersili. 
Gemmae  perulis  numerosis  lanceolatis,  acuminatis,  exterioribus 
glabris,  obscure  castaneis.  Folia  membranacea,  oblonga  v.  ovato- 
oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  plerumque  attenuata,  rarius  rotundata, 
argute  minuteque  serrulata  serraturis  plerumque  purpureis,  4-7  cm. 
longa  et  1.5-3  cm.  lata,  subconcoloria,  utrinque  sparse  stellato-pilosa, 
supra  plerumque  pilis  4-radiatis,  subtus  5-6-radiatis  insuperque 
minute  punctulata,  utrinsecus  5-6-costata;  petioli  sparse  stellato- 
pilosi,  2-4  mm.  longi.  Cyma  pluriflora  v.  multiflora,  convexa,  parce 
stellato-pilosa,  plerumque  breviter  pedunculata;  pedicelli  graciles,  ad 
2.5  cm.  longi;  calycis  stellato-pilosi  dentes  ovati,  subito  acuminulati, 


14  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

tubum  subaequilongi  v.  paullo  tantum  breviores;  petala  obovata, 
10  mm.  V.  interdum  5  mm.  longa,  7-8  mm.  lata,  alba,  extus  rubescentia 
et  sparse  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  petalis  tertia  parte  breviora,  fila- 
menta  exteriorum  apice  obtusa  v.  obsolete  2-3-dentata,  antheram 
breviter  stipitatam  paullo  infra  apicem  affixam  gerentia,  interiorum 
antheram  circa  medium  affixam  gerentia;  styli  tres,  stamina  sub- 
aequantes.  Capsula  hemispherica,  4-5  mm.  diam.  lobis  diu  persistenti- 
bus  reflexis,  demum  deciduis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  cliffs, 
alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2902,  type);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of 
Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m.  (No.  2898);  Chin  Ting-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  1800  m..  May  23, 1908  (No.  2897);  Wa-shan,  alt.  3000  m., 
July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3566).  Hup  eh;  without  locality 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1919). 

Related  to  D.  corymbosa  R.  Brown  and  D.  parviflora  Bunge,  from  both  of  which 
it  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  hairs  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  having  only 
5-6  rays,  by  the  filaments  extending  undivided  above  the  insertion  of  the  anthers, 
and  by  the  color  of  the  flowers.  The  flowers  vary  greatly  in  size;  in  the  type  the 
petals  are  10  mm.  long,  while  in  No.  2897  they  are  scarcely  5  mm.  long  and  shghtly 
longer  in  No.  3566;  in  No.  1919  they  are  7  mm.  long.  No.  3586  differs  besides  in 
its  smaller  leaves  nearly  glabrous  beneath. 

SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  CHINESE  DEUTZIAS. 

While  determining  the  Deutzias  of  the  Wilson  collection  I  have  found  a  large 
amount  of  undetermined  material  which  led  me  to  a  closer  study  of  all  the  Chinese 
species.  The  results  of  this  study  are  embodied  in  the  following  key  and  enumera- 
tion of  the  Chinese  species. 

KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES. 

Praefioratio  induplicato-valvata Sect.  I.   EUDEUTZIA. 

*  Inflorescentia  manifeste  paniculata,  sessilis;  calycis  dentes  tubo  breviores; 
filamenta  dentata  v.  edentata,  antheram  non  superantia. 

Subsect.  1.   SCABRAE. 
Folia  pube  dimorpha  instructs,  pilis  subtus  10-15-radiatis. 
Folia  dense  serrulata. 
Panicula  angusta;  folia  crenato-serrulata,  subtus  sparse  stellato-pilosa, 

viridia,  pihs  simplicibus  destituta 1.  D.  scabra. 

Panicula  late  pyramidaUs;  foUa  argute  serrulata,  subtus  dense  stellato- 
pilosa,  canescentia  (in  varietate  viridia),  piUs  simpUcibus  ad  venas 

instructa 2.  D.  Schneideriana. 

Folia  remote  denticulata. 
Styli  plerumque  3;  petioli  1-3  mm.  longi;  folia  utrinsecus  5-6-costata. 

3.  D.  ningpoensis. 
Styli  plerumque  5;  petioU  5-10  mm.  longi;  folia  utrinsecus  8-12-co8tata. 

4.  D.  pulchra. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  15 

Folia  pube  homomorpha  instructa,  pilis  subtus  4-7-radiatis. 
Filamenta  edentata,  petalis  aequilonga;  folia  superiora  ramulorum  flori- 

ferorum  subsessilia 5.  D.  Faberi. 

Filamenta  dentata,  petalis  breviora;  folia  omnia  petiolata. 

6.  D.  taiwanensis. 
Inflorescentia  corymbiformis  v.  cymosa;  filamenta  staminum  saltern  interiorum 

antheram  saepe  superantia. 
t  Inflorescentia  multiflora  v.  pluriflora,  rarius  pauciflora. 

X  Dentes  calycis  triangulares  v.  late  ovati,  dimidium  tubum  vix  superantes; 
inflorescentia  cymosa,  laxa,  plerumque  pedunculata  et  saepe  pauci- 
flora; filamenta  staminum  interiorum  antheram  superantia,  apice 
indivisa  v.  irregulariter  dentata. 

Subsect.  2.   CYMOSAE. 
Pubes  stellata  pilis  patentibus  simplicibus  ferrugineis  interspersa;  folia 
brevissime  petiolata;  cyma  pauciflora,  longe  pedunculata. 

7.   D.  pilosa. 
Pubes  omnino  stellata,  heteromorpha  v.  homomorpha,  pilis  ferrugineis 
destituta. 
Folia  membranacea,   denticulato-serrulata,   utrinque   stellato-pilosa 
pube  saepe  heteromorpha. 
Flores  albi;  calycis  dentes  tubum  dimidum  vix  aequantes;  folia  sub- 
tus cinereo-viridia 8.  D.  setchuenensis. 

Flores  rosei;  calycis  dentes  tubum  dimidium  superantes;   cyma 
multiflora  ramis    pedicellisque   purpurascentibus;  folia  subtus 

albido-glaucescentia 9.  Z).  Silvestrii. 

Folia  coriacea  v.  chartacea,  supra  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  persistentia, 
subtus  pilis  stellatis  minutis  homomorphis  vestita. 
Cymae    densae,    breviter    pedunculatae;    folia    coriacea    nitida, 

spinoso-dentata,  ovata 10.  D.  coriacea. 

Cymae  laxae,   longe  pedunculatae;  folia  chartacea,  denticulato- 

serrata,  oblongo-lanceolata 11.  D.  Fargesii. 

XX  Dentes  calycis  lanceolati  v.  oblongo-ovati  tubum  aequantes  v.  super- 
antes,  rarius  paullo  breviores;  inflorescentia  late  pyramidalis,  sessilis, 
plerumque  satis  densa,  multiflora,  rarius  pauciflora  (in  No.  14). 

Subsect.  3.   STENOSEPALAE. 
Pubes  homomorpha  v.  fere  homomorpha,  pili  paginae  inferioris  foH- 
orum  4-6-radiati,  interdum  7-radiatis  interspersis. 
Folia   pube    heteromorpha   vestita,    subtus    moUiter    pubescentia; 
filamenta  staminum  interiorum  lanceolata;  flores  albi. 

12.  D.  glomeruliflora. 

FoUa  pube  homomorpha  vestita  subtus  pilis  stellatis  adpressis  con- 

spersa;  filamenta  staminum  interiorum  anguste  oblonga,  apice 

truncata  et  irregulariter  denticulata. 

Folia  subsessilia,  basi  rotundata,  subtus  pilis  4-5-radiatis   prae- 

dita;  flores  albi 13.  D.  subsessilis. 

Folia  petiolata,  basi  plerumque  late  cuneata,  subtus  pilis   5-7- 
radiatis  praedita;  flores  extus  purpurascentes;  cyma  interdum 

pauciflora 14.  D.  purpurascens. 

Pubes   manifcste   dimorpha,  pili   paginae   inferioris   cinerascentis  v. 
albidae  foliorum  8-12-radiati. 
Filamenta  staminum  interiorum  apice  bidentata  dentibus  antheram 
non  superantibus  v.  infra  apicem  subito  contracta. 


16  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Filamenta  fere  edentata  apicem  versus  attenuata  v.  infra  apicem 
abrupte  contracta  et  tantum  angulata  angulis  haud  productis. 
Calycia  denies  tubo  paullo  breviores,  ovato-oblongi,  obtusius- 
culi;  cyma  laxa  pedicellis  gracilibus,  6-10  mm.  longis. 

15.  D.  Wilsonii. 

Calycis  dentes   tubum  aequantes  v.  paullo  superantes;  cyma 

densa,  pedicellis  circa  5  mm.  longis.  16.  D.  globosa. 

Filamenta  apice  dentata;  calycis  dentes  lanceolati. 

Pedicelli  circa  10  mm.  longi;  cyma  laxa;  petala  paten tia;  dentes 

filamentorum  stipite  antherae  multo  breviores. 

17.   D.  Vilmorinae. 
Pedicelli  circa  5  mm.  longi;  .cyma  satis  densa. 

Dentes  filamentorum  breves,  antheram  vix  attingentes;  petala 

margine  reflexa 18.  D.  reflexa. 

Dentes    filamentoriun  elongati,  antherae   basin   superantes, 

rarius  paullo  breviores;  petala  plana.  19.  D.  discolor. 

Filamenta    staminum  interiorum  lineari-oblonga,   apice  obtusa  v. 

obsolete  dentata,  antheram  longe  superantia,  rarissime  quam 

anthera  paullo  breviora. 

Dentes  calycis  tubo  paullo  breviores,  ovati,  apice  abrupte  acumi- 

nulati;    corymbus   densus,    pedicelUs   2-3   mm.   longis   calyce 

brevioribus 20.  D.  densiflora. 

Dentes  calycis  tubum  aequantes  v,  superantes,  lanceolati. 

Folia  ovata  v.  oblonga,  basi  rotundata,  integra  v.  minute  denti- 
culata;  pedicelli  calyce  breviores;  petala  alba;  styli  sta- 
minibus  fere  duplo  breviores;  filamenta  omnia  antheras  su- 
perantia      21.  D.  albida. 

FoUa  oblonga  v.  lanceolata,  basi  attenuata,  argute  serrulata; 
pedicelli  plerumque  calyce  longiores;  petala  rosea;  styli 
staminibus  aequilongi;  antherae  filamenta  superantes. 

22.  D.  longifolia. 
ft  Inflorescentia  1-3-flora,  breviter  pedunculatae  (vide  etiam  No.  14). 

I  Flores  in    apice  ramulorum  foliosorum;  ovarium  semisuperum;  dentes 
calycis  lanceolatae;  filamenta  dentibus  recurvatis. 

Subsect.  4.   GRANDIFLORAE. 
Dentes  calycis  in  apice  marginis  calycini  erecti  brevissimi  inserti. 
Folia  subtus  stellato-tomentosa  pilis  multiradiatis,  basi  rotundatis 

V.  subcordatis 23.  D.  grandiflora. 

Folia  subtus  glabra  pilis  simplicibus  ad  venas  exceptis  v.  interdum 
pilis  rarissimis  5-radiatis  instructa,  basi  late  cimeata. 

24.  D.  prunifolia, 

Dentes   calycis   ad   marginem   annuli    calycini    horizontalis   patellati 

exteriorem  inserti;  folia  subtus  glabra  pilis  stellatis  versus  nervorum 

basin  exceptis 25.  D.  hamata. 

tt  Flores  e  gemmis  aphyUis  orientes,  plerumque  solitarii;  folia  oblonga  v. 
lanceolata,  subtus  viridia,  pilis  5-6-radiatis  conspersa;  ovarium  to  turn 
inferum;  dentes  calycis  triangulares,  breves.   Subsect.  5.   COREANAE. 

26.  D.  coreana. 

Praefloratio  imbricata       Sect.  11.   MESODEUTZIA. 

*  FoUa  subtus  molliter  pubescentia,  pilis  plerumque  4-radiatis  radio  centrali 
instructis  et  ad  venas  simplicibus  obtecta;  filamenta  e  basi  dilatata  sensim 
angustata 27.  D.  mollis. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  17 

♦♦  Folia  subtus  pilis  multiradiatis  adpressis  conspersa  v.  glabra. 

t  Filamenta  edciitata  v.  breviter  dcntata  dentibus  antheram  non  superantibus. 
Calyx  stollalo-pilosus;  folia  subtus  sparse  pilis  6-12-radiatis  instructa. 
Petala  circa  6  mm.  longa;  filamenta  breviter  dentata,  rarius  edentata; 
corymbus  ramulis  1-2  cm.  longis. 
Folia  crenato-serrulata  serraturis  incurvis,  basi  rotundata,  subtus 
pilis  8-12-radiatis  conspersa;  filamenta  omnia  dentata. 

28.  D.  corymbosa. 

Folia  argute  serrulata  serraturis  porrectis,  basi  plerumque  late  cuneata, 

subtus  pilis   6-9-radiati3  conspersa;  filamenta  saepe  saltern   ex- 

toriora  edentata 29.   D.  parviflora. 

Petala  circa  3.5  cm.  longa;  filamenta  subulata;  corymbus  multiflorus 

ramulis  inferioribus  ad  3  cm.  longis 30.  D.  micrantha. 

Calyx  et  corymbus  omnino  glabra;  folia  subtus  glabra  v.  sparsissime 

pilis  3-radiatis  conspersa;  filamenta  subulata.  31.  D.  glabrata. 

tt  Filamenta   staminum    exteriorum    manifeste   dentata   dentibus    antheram 

superantibus,  interiorum  lineari-oblonga  antheram  longe  superantia. 

Folia  subtus  stellato-pilosa,  viridia,  pilis  5-6-radiatis  conspersa;   petala 

extus  rubescentes,  calycis  dentes  plerumque  purpurei,  acuminulata. 

32.  D.  rubens. 
Folia  subtus  glaberrima,  glauca;  petala  alba;  calycis  dentes  palUdi,  obtusi. 

33.  D.  hypoglauca. 

ENUMERATION  OF  THE  SPECIES. 

Sect.  I.  EUDEUTZIA  Engler,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  III.  29,  p.  72  (in  part)  (1900).  — 
Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  176  (1904). 

Subsect.  1.    SCABRAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 
Latisepalae  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.   Dendr.   Ges.   XIII.    176   (in  part) 
(1904). 

Inflorescence  a  sessile  panicle  with  an  elongated  main  axis  and  short,  few-  or 
several-flowered  lateral  branchlets;  calyx-teeth  ovate  or  triangular,  much  shorter 
than  the  tube;  petals  usually  more  or  less  upright;  filaments  not  exceeding  the 
anthers,  without  teeth  or  with  short  teeth  not  reaching  the  base  of  the  anthers, 
two-thirds  or  nearly  as  long  as  the  petals;  styles  slender,  as  long  or  not  more  than 
one-third  shorter  than  the  petals.  Here  belong,  besides  the  species  enumerated 
below,  D.  hypoleuca  Maximowicz,  D.  Sieboldiana  Maximowicz  and  D.  gracilis 
Siebold  &  Zuccarini. 

1.  Deutzia  scabra  Thunberg.     See  p.  6. 

2.  Deutzia  Schneideriana  Rehder.    See  p.  7. 

3.  Deutzia  ningpoensis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  rufobrunneis,  sparse  stellato-pilosis,  vetus- 
tioribus  pallide  griseo-brunneis.  Gemmae  perulis  acutis  sparse  stellato-pilosae. 
Foha  subchartacea,  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata, 
remote  et  obsolete  denticulata  v.  fere  Integra,  3.5-7  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3  cm.  lata, 
supra  obscure  viridia,  pilis  4-6-radiatis  conspersa,  subtus  albido-tomentosa,  dense 
pilis  r2-14-radiatis  obtccta,  utrinsecus5-6-costata;  petioli  stellato-pilosi,  1-2  mm. 
longi.  Panicula  5-12  cm.  longa  et  2.5-6  cm.  lata,  laxe  stellato-pilosa,  pediceUis 
1-3  mm.  longis;  flores  desunt.  Capsula  subglobosa,  3-4.5  mm.  diam.,  dense  stel- 
lato-pilosa, calycis  dentibus  dimidium  tubum  vix  superantibus  plerumque  deciduis; 
stylis  3,  gracilibus,  circa  S  mm.  longis. 

Chekiang:  Ningpo  Mts.,  E.  Faber  ((Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 


18  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Allied  to  D.  hijpoleuca  Maximoudcz  which  differs  chiefly  in  its  densely  serrulate 
thinner  leaves,  the  slenderer  petioles,  2-5  mm.  long  and  the  4-5  styles. 

4.  Deutzia  pulchra  Vidal,  Revis.  PI.  Vase.  Filip.  124  (1886). 
Formosa:  Bankinsing,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  38,  477). 

The  occurrence  of  this  Philippine  species  in  Formosa  is  phytogeographically  in- 
teresting. Henry's  specimens  agree  exactly  with  Elmer's  No.  8414  from  the  prov- 
ince of  Benguet,  except  that  in  the  latter  the  stellate  hairs  on  the  upper  surface  of 
the  leaves  have  usually  4-6  rays  interspersed  with  comparatively  few  hairs  with 
10-12  rays,  while  in  the  Formosa  plant  most  of  the  hairs  have  6-8  rays  and  many 
10-14  rays.  The  inflorescence  is  not  corymbiform  as  might  be  inferred  from 
Vidal's  description,  but  a  panicle  6-11  cm.  long  and  5-8  cm.  broad. 

5.  Deutzia  Faberi  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramulis  gracilibus  fuscis,  junioribus  stellato-pilosis,  annotinis  peridermate 
detersili.  Gemmae  multi-perulatae,  stellato-tomentosae.  Foha  membranacea, 
oblonga  v.  anguste  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  in  ramuhs  floriferis  subsessiUa, 
basi  rotundata,  in  steriUbus  breviter  petiolata,  basi  cuneata,  dense  minuteque  ser- 
rulata  serraturis  adpressis,  4-8  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.5  cm.  lata,  laete  viridia,  concoloria, 
supra  piUs  3-4-radiatis  sat  dense  conspersis,  subtus  pihs  plerumque  4-radiatis  in- 
superque  saepissime  radio  centrali  elongate  instructis  pubem  subvillosam  for- 
mantibus  praedita,  utrinsecus  7-9-costata;  petioU  stellato-pilosi,  1-2  mm.  longi, 
in  ramulis  floriferis  subnulli.  Panicula  sessilis,  multiflora,  laxa,  7-10  cm.  longa, 
laxe  stellato-pilosa;  pedicelU  graciles,  pube  heteromorpha  vestita;  calycis  dentes 
minuti  vix  quartam  partem  tubi  dense  pube  heteromopha  vestiti  turbinati  longi- 
oris  quam  lati  aequantes;  petala  oblonga,  erecta,  10  mm.  longa  et  4  mm.  lata, 
extus  dense  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  exteriora  petalis  aequilonga  filamentis  basi 
dilatatis  apicem  versus  sensim  angustatis  v.  pauUo  supra  medium  subito  contrac- 
tum  angulatum,  interiora  filamentis  paullo  supra  medium  breviter  dentatis;  styli  3, 
graciles,  stamina  aequantes.    Capsulae  maturae  desunt. 

Chekiang:  Tientai,  Kiangsu  Hills,  E.  Faber  (No.  210,  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arbo- 
retum.). 

Closely  related  to  D.  Sieboldiana  Maximowicz,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by 
its  generally  ovate  leaves,  more  coarsely  serrulate  with  spreading  tieeth,  by  the 
calyx-teeth  being  about  half  as  long  as  the  tube  which  is  broader  than  long,  and  by 
its  smaller  flowers  with  more  spreading  petals. 

6.  Deutzia  taiwanensis  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  177 
(1904). 

D.  crenata,  var.  ?  8  taiwanensis  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersb. 
ser.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  23  (1867). 
Formosa:  near  Tamsuy,  1864,  R.  Oldham  (No.  107,  in  Herb.  Kew.). 

Subsect.  2.   CYMOSAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 

Latisepalae  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  176  (in  part)  (1904). 

Inflorescence  distinctly  cymose,  much  broader  than  high,  sometimes  few-flowered; 
calyx-teeth  much  shorter  than  the  tube,  incurved  at  maturity;  filaments,  at  least 
those  of  the  inner  stamens,  exceeding  the  anthers,  those  of  the  outer  row  distinctly 
bidentate,  these  of  the  inner  row  with  obtuse  or  irregularly  dentate  apex;  styles 
scarcely  half  as  long  as  the  petals.  Stellate  hairs  of  the  leaves  with  few  rays,  those 
of  the  under  side  usually  with  5  or  6,  occasionally  with  7  rays. 

7.  Deutzia  pilosa  Rehder.    See  p.  8. 

8.  Deutzia  setchuenensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  282    (1896). 

Deutzia  scabra,  var.  ?  cymis  paucifloris  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII. 
277  (1887). 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  19 

Eastern  Szech'uan:  near  Ch'eng-k'ou  (ex  Franchet).  —  Western  Hupeh: 
Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  3585);    without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3480,  4139); 
Fokien:  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb.  Hongkong  Bot.  Gard.  No.  2676). 
I  have  not  seen  the  type  specimen  itself,  but  a  good  photograph  of  it.    As  this 
and  Franchet's  description  agrees  fairly  well  with  the  specimens  cited  above,  I 
trust  that  I  have  made  no  mistake  in  referring  them  to  D.  selchuenensis. 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  var.  longidentata  Rehder.    See  p.  8. 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  var.  corymbiflora  Rehder.   See  p.  9. 

9.  Deutzia  Silvestrii  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII.  282 
(1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  near  Siang-yang,  C.  Silvestri  (Nos.  671,  868,  869,  870,  872). 

I  have  seen  no  specimen  of  this  species;  according  to  the  description  by  Pam- 
panini it  is  nearest  to  D.  setchuenensis  var.  corymbiflora,  but  differs  chiefly  in  the 
longer  calyx-lobes  and  narrower  rose-colored  petals. 

10.  Deutzia  coriacea  Rehder.    See  p.  9. 

11.  Deutzia  Fargesii  Franchet.    See  p.  10. 

Subsect.  3.  STENOSEPALAE  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII. 
184  (1904). 

Calyx-teeth  lanceolate  or  sometimes  oblong-ovate,  as  long  or  longer,  rarely 
slightly  shorter,  than  the  tube;  the  cymes  usually  rather  dense  and  many-flowered, 
more  or  less  panicle-Uke.  Besides  the  following  species  D.  staminea  R.  Brown  and 
probably  D.  macrantha  Hooker  f.  and  Thomson,  which  I  have  not  seen,  belong  to 
this  group. 

12.  Deutzia  glomeruliflora  Franchet.    See  p.  10. 

13.  Deutzia  subsessilis  Rehder.     See  p.  11. 

14.  Deutzia  purpurascens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Deutzia  discolor,  var.  purpurascens  Franchet  apud  Henry  in  Le  Jardin,  1894, 
147,  fig.  64.  —  Sargent  in  Gard.  and  For.  VII.  284,  287,  fig.  84  (1894).— 
Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  II.  45,  fig.  25  (1899).—  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXVI. 
t.  7708  (1900).  —  Lemoine  in  Jour.  Soc.  Hort.  France,  sdr.  4,  III.  301 
(1902).  —  Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  381,  fig.  244  e-f  (1905). 
Yunnan,  /.  M.  Delavay  (ex  Franchet).  —  In  cultivation  (Arnold  Arboretum, 
etc.). 

Deutzia  purpurascens  differs  in  several  important  characters  from  D.  discolor, 
and  I  consider  it  a  well  marked  species  much  less  closely  related  to  D.  discolor 
than  any  of  the  following  species  of  this  group.  It  is  particularly  well  distinguished 
by  the  stellate  hairs  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  which  have  only  5-7  rays,  while 
in  all  the  following  species  they  have  10-14  rays,  and  besides  from  D.  discolor  by 
its  smaller  generally  ovate  leaves,  greenish  beneath,  smaller  inflorescence,  purpUsh 
flowers,  and  shorter  stamens  with  the  filaments  exceeding  the  anthers. 
Deutzia  piirpurascens,  var.  pauciflora  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Frutex  metralis  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  stellato-pilosis,  annotinis  elevato- 
asperatis  flavido-griseis.  Gemmae  parvae  perulis  late  ovatis  acutiusculis  extus 
dense  pubescentibus.  Folia  ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v. 
late  cuneata,  argute  serrulata,  1.5-3.5  cm.  longa  et  1-1.4  cm.  lata,  laete  viridia, 
concoloria,  supra  piUs  4-5-radiatis,  subtus  pilis  5-6-radiati3  sparse  conspersa; 
petioli  sparse  stellato-pilosi,  1-2  mm.  longi.  Cymae  breves,  1-3-florae,  stellato- 
pilosae,  ramulos  laterales  brevissimos  terminantes;  pedicelU  2-4  mm.  longi;  calyx 
stellato-pilosus,  dentibus  ovato-oblongis  obtusiusculis  rubescentibus  tubum  aequan- 
tibus  V.  pauUo  longioribus;  petala  ovato-oblonga,  9  mm.  loaga,  marginc  erosa,  alba; 
filamcnta  antheras  superantia,  exteriora  dentibus  obtusis,  interiora  apicc  obtuso; 


20  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

styli  3,  stamina  subaequantes.  Capsula  hemispherica,  4  mm.  diam.,  lobis  reflexis 
deciduis. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  "N.  Mts.",  alt.  1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9475^). 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  few-flowered  inflorescence,  white  petals,  and 
in  the  apex  of  the  filaments  or  of  the  teeth  of  the  filaments  being  obtuse.  Possibly 
a  distinct  species. 

15.  Deutzia  Wilsonii  Duthie  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXII.  t.  8083  (1906). 
Eastern  Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  cliffs,  May  1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch 

Exped.  No.  1916^).  In  cultivation;  raised  from  seed  collected  by  E.  H.  Wilson 
(Veitchian  nurseries,  Combe  Wood). 

This  and  the  following  three  species  are  closely  related  to  D.  discolor  Hemsley, 
and  I  am  not  yet  quite  convinced  that  they  are  really  specifically  distinct;  the 
characters  on  which  they  are  based  seem  to  be  rather  slight  and  inconstant,  but 
as  the  material  I  have  seen  of  each  of  these  species  is  rather  scant,  I  do  not  feel 
justified  to  make  a  change,  until  more  and  completer  material  is  available. 

16.  Deutzia  globosa  Duthie  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XL.  238  (1906). 

Raised  from  seed  collected  by  E.  H.  Wilson  in  Hupeh  and  cultivated  in  the 
Veitchian  nurseries,  Combe  Wood:  Ex  hort.  Veitch.  No.  11SV2,  June  6,  1905  (Herb. 
Kew,  type). 

17.  Deutzia  Vilmorinae  Lemoine,  Cat.  No.  158,  p.  vii,  fig.  (1904).  —  C.  K. 
Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  182  (1904);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I. 
381  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  June  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  940) ;  June  1901  (No.  1998).  Raised  from  seed  collected  by  Farges  in  Szech'uan 
and  first  distributed  by  Lemoine  of  Nancy. 

18.  Deutzia  refiexa  Duthie  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XL.  238  (1906). 

Raised  from  seed  collected  by  E.  H.  Wilson  in  Hupeh  and  cultivated  in  the 
Veitchian  nurseries,  Combe  Wood;  Wilson,  No.  1253,  June  2,  1910  (W.  J.  Bean  in 
Herb.  Kew.). 

19.  Deutzia  discolor  Hemsley.    See  p.  12.  ♦ 
19  X  20.   Deutzia  discolor  X  mollis  Rehder,  n.  hybr. 

Frutex  ramulis  junioribus  parce  stellato-pilosis,  annotinis  peridermate  castaneo 
in  lamellas  tenues  soluto.  Foha  oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotun- 
data,  argute  serrulata,  4.5-6  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.2  cm.  lata,  supra  pihs  4-5-radiati8 
conspersa,  subtus  molliter  pubescentia,  pilis  7-10-radiatis  (plerumque  8-radiatis) 
radio  centrah  praesertim  ad  nervos  instructis  obtecta;  petioli  piMs  heteromorphis 
praediti,  3  mm.  longi.  Cyma  convexa  multiflora;  calycis  dentes  ovato-oblongi, 
abrupte  acuminati,  tubum  pube  homomorpha  obtectmn  aequantes;  petala  5-6  mm. 
longa,  ovato-oblonga,  aestivatione  plerumque  valvata,  sed  etiam  partim  imbricata; 
stamina  petalis  triente  breviora,  filamentis  staminum  exteriorum  interdum  e  basi 
dilatata  sensim  attenuata  sed  saepius  subito  contractis  et  angulatis,  interiorum 
plerumque  infra  apicem  in  dentes  brevissimos  productis,  antheris  sterilibus;  styli 
tres,  stamina  paullo  superantes. 

Western  Hupeh:  June  1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1917)  (Herb. 
Arnold  Arboretum.). 

Wilson's  No.  1917  is  quoted  by  the  author  of  D.  mollis  as  belonging  to  that 
species  and  it  looks  indeed  at  the  first  glance  only  like  a  slight  variation,  but  a  closer 
examination  reveals  certain  features  which  indicate  at  once  its  hybrid  origin, 
particularly  the  irregular  aestivation  and  the  sterile  anthers.  All  the  other  char- 
acters in  which  the  plant  in  question  differs  from  D.  mollis  point  toward  D.  discolor 
as  the  other  parent;  the  stellate  hairs  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  have  12-14 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  21 

rays  in  D.  discolor  and  generally  4  rays  with  a  central  ray  in  D.  mollis,  while  in 
the  hybrid  they  have  generally  8  rays  only  part  of  them  with  a  central  ray;  the 
calyx-lobes,  which  are  lanceolate  and  longer  than  the  tube  in  D.  discolor  and 
broadly  ovate,  abruptly  acuminate  and  about  half  as  long  as  the  tube  in  D.  mollis, 
are  oblong-ovate,  acuminulate  and  about  as  long  as  the  tube  in  the  hybrid;  the 
filaments,  which  are  gradually  narrowed  toward  the  apex  in  D.  mollis  and  distinctly 
toothed  in  D.  discolor,  are  in  the  hybrid  mostly  abruptly  contracted  or  have  only 
very  short  teeth;  also  the  shape  of  the  leaves  and  some  other  minor  characters  are 
intermediate. 

20.  Deutzia  densiflora  Rehder.     See  p.  12. 

21.  Deutzia  albida  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIII.  97  (1893). 

Deutzia  discolor,  var.  albida  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  183 
(1904). 
Kansu:  banks  of  the  river  Pai-shui  between  Lidshapu  and  Kwantin,  G.  Potanin 
(ex  Batahn). 

I  have  not  seen  the  type  specimen,  but  according  to  the  description  the  species 
differs  from  D.  discolor  in  so  many  points  that  I  cannot  follow  Schneider  in  referring 
it  to  that  species  as  a  variety. 

22.  Deutzia  longifolia  Franchet.     See  p.  13. 
Subsect.  4.   GRANDIFLORAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 

Chiefly  characterized  by  the  1-3-fiowered  inflorescence  borne  at  the  end  of  short 
leafy  branchlets,  by  the  partly  superior  ovary,  the  lanceolate  calyx-teeth  and  the 
re-curved  teeth  of  the  filaments. 

23.  Deutzia  grandifiora  Bunge  in  Mim.  Sav.  6tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pelersbourg  II.  104 
{Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1832).  —  Maximowdcz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
s6r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  30  (1867). 

D.  Baroniana,  var.  insignis  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giom.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII, 
282  (1910). 

Chihli:  A.  Bunge;  Kalgan  road  near  Pekin,  October  5,  1905,  J.  G.  Jack;  Wei- 
chang,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  16).  Hupeh:  April  1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1870);  Ou-tan-shan,  C.  Silvestri  (ex  Pampanini). 

The  Hupeh  specimens  differ  from  the  type  in  their  narrower  leaves  and  in  the 
elongated  and  somewhat  wavy  rays  of  the  hairs  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves,  so 
that  the  tomentum  appears  more  villose  and  not  as  closely  appressed  as  in  the 
type;  in  this  respect  it  approaches  the  following  variety.  I  have  seen  no  specimen 
of  Pampanini's  var.  insignis,  but  from  his  description  it  appears  not  to  be  differ- 
ent from  typical  D.  grandifiora. 

Deutzia  grandifiora,  var.  Baroniana  Rehder,  n.  var. 
Deutzia  Baroniana  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  372  (1901). 

Northern  Shensi:  Tui-kia-shan,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1656  ex  Diels);  Shan-geus, 
Lao-y-san,  May  19,  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  4522). 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  heteromorphous  and  thinner  grayish  green 
pubescence  of  the  under  side  of  the  narrower  leaves  which  are  usually  broadly 
cuneate  at  the  base;  the  stellate  hairs  have  only  5-7  rays  mostly  with  a  central 
ray,  not  7-9  without  central  ray  as  in  the  type.  The  flowers  of  No.  4522  agree 
with  those  of  the  type.  I  cannot  follow  Schneider  in  referring  the  Shensi  plant  to 
D.  grandifiora,  var.  glabrata  Maximo wicz;  the  pubescence  of  the  latter  is  homomor- 
phous,  the  hairs  having  6-9  short  rays  and  are  only  sparingly  distributed  over  the 
lower  surface,  not  touching  each  other. 

Deutzia  grandifiora,  var.  j3  minor  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Piters' 
bourg,  s6r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  31  (1867). 


22  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Mongolia:  Tatarinoff  (ex  Maximowicz).  Chili:  near  Kalgan,  Ladyshinski 
(ex  Maximowicz). 

Of  this  variety  I  have  seen  no  specimen;  it  differs  according  to  Maximowicz  in 
its  smaller  leaves  and  flowers  and  shorter  styles. 

Deutzia  grandiflora,  var.  y  glabrata  Maximowicz  in  M6m.  Acad.  Sci.  St.Peters- 
bourg,  s6r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  31  (1867) 
Chili:  near  Pekin,  Tatarinoff. 

24.  Deutzia  prunifolia  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  ramuUs  junioribus  glabris  pallide  fusco-brimneis,  vetustioribus 
griseo-brunncis.  Gemmae  perulis  circa  10  exterioribus,  ovato-lanceolatis  acutis, 
extus  sp^se  stellato-pilosis,  castaneis.  Folia  ovata,  v.  rhombico-  v.  elUptico- 
ovata,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  inaequaliter  v.  fere  dupliciter  fimbriato-den- 
ticulata,  dentibus  minutis  acuminatis,  3.5-5  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3  cm.  lata,  flavo- 
viridia,  concoloria,  supra  pilis  4-5-radiatis  laxe  conspersa,  subtus  glabra  pilis 
simpUcibus  ad  costam  mediam  et  paucis  ad  basin  costarum  lateraUum  exceptis, 
interdum  facie  pilis  rarissimis  5-radiatis  instructa,  utrinsecus  costis  5-7  supra  im- 
pressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  glabri,  3-5  mm.  longi.  Flores  desunt.  Capsulae 
1-3  in  apice  ramulorum,  solitariae  pedicellis  glabris  gracilibus  circa  1  cm.  longis, 
binae  v.  ternae  pedunculo  1-1.5  cm.  longo  insidentes  pedicellis  circa  5  mm.  longis; 
capsula  (immatura)  depresso-globosa,  circa  5  mm.  diam.,  extus  glabra,  semisupera, 
apice  ovarii  et  basi  stylorum  3-4  sparse  stellato-pilosa,  dentibus  calycis  lanceolatis 
reflexis  tubum  saltern  aequilongis  partim  persistentibus. 

Korea:  Ping  Yang,  September  18,  1905,  J.  G.  Jack  (Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

Closely  related  to  D.  grandiflora  Bunge,  and  particularly  to  its  glabescent  variety 
7  glabrata  which,  however,  differs  in  the  shorter  petioles,  the  shorter  scarcely  acum- 
inate teeth  of  the  leaves,  and  their  less  prominent  venation,  in  the  hairs  of  the  upper 
surface  having  usually  5-6  rays  and  those  of  the  lower  surface  6-8  rays  and  also  in 
the  shorter  peduncles  and  pedicels.  Deutzia  hamata  Koehne,  which  is  similar  in 
foliage,  differs  in  the  peculiar  development  of  the  pubescent  calyx. 

25.  Deutzia  hamata  Koehne  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXIV.  No.  LXXV.  37  (1905). 
Shantung:  Laushan  Mts.,  Zimmermann  (Nos.  335,  348  ex  Koehne). 

This  species  is  well  marked  by  the  peculiar  development  of  the  calyx  which  hag 
the  margin  incurved  forming  a  hollow  ring  open  toward  the  apex  of  the  ovary  and 
partly  covering  it;  the  spreading  lanceolate  calyx-lobes  are  borne  on  the  outside  of 
the  ring. 

Subsect.  5.   COREANAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 

Distinguished  from  all  the  other  Deutzias  by  the  solitary  or  rarely  two  flowers 
appearing  from  leafless  buds  and  borne  on  short  stalks  hidden  by  the  bud-scales; 
calyx-tube  ovoid,  truncate  at  the  apex  with  short  triangular  lobes;  styles  slender, 
3;  leaves  on  both  sides  sparingly  covered  with  hairs  with  4-5  rays. 

26.  Deutzia  coreana  L6veill(5  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  VIII.  283  (1910). 
Korea:  Diamant  Mts.,  June  1908,  U.  Faurie  (No.  364);  Pouck  Han,  Seoul, 

September  25,  1905,  J.  G.  Jack. 

The  leaves  are  sparingly  furnished  on  both  sides  with  stellate  hairs,  those  of  the 
upper  side  having  generally  4,  those  of  the  under  side  generally  5  rays;  the  capsule 
is  about  4  mm.  long,  distinctly  longer  than  broad  and  thinly  covered  with  stellate 
Lairs  having  6-7  rays;  styles  3.10  mm.  long. 

Sect.  II.   MESODEUTZIA  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII  (1905). 

27.  Deutzia  mollis  Duthie.    See  p.  13. 

28.  Deutzia  corymbosa  R.  Brown  apud  Royle,  III.  Bot.  Himal.  216,  t.  46,  fig.  2 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  23 

(1839).  _  Maximowicz  in  M6m.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PStersbourg,  s^r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  33, 
fig.  14-17  (1867).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.  Fl.  Bril.  Ind.  II.  406  (1878) .u 

Deutzia  conjmbosa  R.  Brown  ex  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  3652  (nora.  n  dum)  (1828). 
Deutzia  parviflora,  var.  corymbosa  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.    S3  (1896). 
Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  typica  Schneider  in  Mill.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII. 
184  (1904);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  382,  fig.  244  g-i  (1905). 
Shensi:  Ki-fon-shan,  near  Pao-ki-scen,  G.  Giraldi   ex  Engler). 
I  have  seen  no  specimens  of  this  species  from  China,  and  it  seems  doubtful 
whether  the  specimen  from  Shensi  really  belongs  here. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  yunnanensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  283  (1896), 

Yunnan  (ex  Franchet). 

This  variety,  incompletely  described  by  Franchet  without  citation  of  specimens, 
probably  does  not  belong  to  D.  corymbosa;  it  is  possibly  closely  related  to  D.  rubens 
Rehder. 

29.  Deutzia  parviflora  Bunge  in  Mem.  Sav.  Etr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg  II. 
105  (Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bar.)  (1832).  —  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, sdr.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  33,  t.  3,  fig.  18-23  (1867). —Sargent  in  Gard.  and 
For.  I.  363,  fig.  57  (1888). 

Deutzia  parviflora,  /3  amurensis  Regel  in  MSm.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
s6t.  7,  IV.  No.  IV.  63,  t.  5,  fig.  7-14  (1861);  in  Gartenfl.  XI.  278,  t.  370, 
fig.  4-12  (1862). 
Deutzia  parviflora,  a  Bungei  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  283  (1896). 
Deutzia  parviflora,  /3  mongolica  Franchet,  1.  c. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  parviflora  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII. 

184  (1904);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  1.  382,  fig.  244  k-m  (1905). 

Chili:  Weichang,  1910,  W.  Purdom    (No.  40).    Mandshuria:  river  Sutdr, 

July  1895,  V.  Komarov  (No.  836);  without  locaUty,  1891,  S.  Korshinsky;  mts.  east 

of  Harbin,  August  31,  1903,  C.  S.  Sargent.    Korea:  Fusan,  May  1906,  U.  Faurie 

(No.  361). 

Franchet's  variety  /3  mongolica  does  not  seem  sufficiently  distinct  to  be  separated 
as  a  variety;  of  the  specimens  named  above  only  Purdom's  No.  40  with  simple 
hairs  along  the  midrib  beneath  would  belong  to  this  variety;  all  the  others  must 
be  referred  to  his  var.  a  Bungei,  though  I  never  saw  a  specimen  with  perfectly 
glabrous  leaves;  they  all  have  at  least  a  few  hairs,  sometimes  nearly  imperceptible, 
on  the  lower  surface. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  var.  musaei  Lemoine  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  France,  ser.  4, 
III.  303  (1902). 
This  variety,  described  from  specimens  cultivated  at  the  Jardin  des  Plantes  at 
Paris,  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  larger  more  pointed  leaves  and  denser 
inflorescence  with  fewer  creamy  white  flowers. 

30.  Deutzia  micrantha  Engler  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  Beibl.  No.  LXXXII. 
51  (1905). 

Shensi:  Tsin-ling-shan,  July  1900,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  7179);  In-kia-p'u,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  2526,  ex  Engler). 

Closely  related  to  D.  parviflora  Bunge,  from  which  it  differs  in  the  much  smaller 
flowers,  in  the  shape  of  the  inflorescence,  and  in  the  stellate  hairs  of  the  under 
side  of  the  leaves  being  more  numerous  and  having  generally  S-10  rays.  The 
inflorescence  much  resembles  in  its  mode  of  branching  that  of  D.  mollis  Duthie, 
the  partial  inflorescence  being  rather  dense  and  borne  on  elongated  and  remote 
branchlets. 


24  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

31.  Deutzia  glabrata  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII.  433  (1903). 
Deutzia  glabernma  Koehne  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXIV.  Beibl.  No.  LXXV.  38  (1904). 
Deutzia  Fauriei  Leveille  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VIII.  283  (1910). 

Korea:  Diamond  Mts.,  June  24,  1906,  U.  Faurie  (No.  360).  Pomasa,  May  21, 
1906,  U.  Faurie  (No.  362).  Shantung:  Laushan  Mts.,  Zimmermann  (No.  349 
ex  Koehne).     Also  in  Mandshuria  (ex  Komarov). 

32.  Deutzia  nibens  Rehder,    See  p.  13. 

33.  Deutzia  hypoglauca  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramulis  graciUbus  glabris  rubro-fuscis,  annotinis  peridermate  solubili. 
Gemmae  perulis  lanceolatis  glabris  obscure  castaneis.  FoUa  membranacea,  ovato- 
oblonga  v.  elliptico-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata  v.  rotundata, 
argute  minuteque  serrulata,  4-6  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  flavo-viridia, 
pilis  paucis  plerumque  4-radiatis  conspersa,  subtus  glauca,  glaberrima,  utrinsecus 
5-6-costata;  petioli  glaberrimi,  2-4  mm.  longi.  Cyma  pluriflora,  pedunculata, 
ebracteata,  glabra,  pediceUis  gracilibus,  5-7  mm.  longis,  apice  tantum  sparse  stel- 
lato-pilosis ;  calycis  lobi  late  ovati,  obtusi,  dimidium  tubum  laxe  stellato-pilosum 
vix  superantes;  petala  obovata,  alba,  9  mm.  longa,  extus  sparse  stellato-pilosa; 
stamina  petaUs  paullo  breviora,  exteriora  filamentis  apice  bidentatis  dentibus 
antheram  paullo  superantibus,  interiora  filamentis  lineari-oblongis  apice  leviter 
bidentata  antheram  paullo  supra  medium  faciei  interiori  affixam  gerentibus;  styli  3, 
etaminibus  paullo  breviores. 

Hupeh:  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1919^,  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

From  all  the  other  species  of  this  group  this  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  glau- 
cous and  quite  glabrous  under  side  of  the  leaves. 


CARDIANDRA  Sieb.  and  Zucc. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Cardiandra  sinensis  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIII.  82 
(1903). 

Kiangsi:  Killing,  wet  shady  places,  common,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  30, 
1907  (No.  1545)- 

Wilson's  specimen  agrees  exactly  with  Faber's  specimen  from  Ningpo.  Hemsley 
{Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  Bot.  XXIII.  278)  cites  in  1887  a  specimen  from  Kiangsi  col- 
lected by  Forbes  under  C.  alternifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  but  in  his  description 
of  C  sinensis  in  1903  he  only  cites  Faber's  specimen  from  Ningpo  and  Wilson's 
No.  2426  (Veitch  Exped.)  from  Hupeh  without  mentioning  the  Kiangsi  specimen. 
There  can  be,  however,  little  doubt  that  Faber's  luangsi  specimen  and  also  David's 
specimen  from  Kiangsi  cited  by  Franchet  as  C.  alternifolia  (PI.  David.  I.  126),  be- 
long to  the  same  species  as  Wilson's  specimen  from  Iviangsi,  namely  to  C.  sinensis, 
and  that  C.  alternifolia  does  not  occur  in  China. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  25 

HYDRANGEA  L. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Hydrangea  umbellata  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  v.  paullo  altior  ramulis  fusco-purpureis,  novellis 
crispule  pubescentibus,  annotinis  cortice  laevi  sine  lenticcUis,  demum 
in  lamellas  tenues  solubili.  Folia  membranacea,  oblongo-lanceolata 
V.  obovata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  5-9  cm.  longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata, 
denticulato-serrata  basi  excepta,  supra  luteo-viridia,  glabra  costa 
sparse  villosa  excepta,  subtus  glaucescentia,  sparse  ad  venas  densius 
strigillosa  et  in  axillis  venarum  barbata;  petioli  crispule  pubescentes, 
6-13  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  umbelliformis  multiflora,  in  apice 
ramulorum  sessilis,  crispe  pubescens,  plerumque  5-radiata,  pedicellis 
circa  5  mm.  longis;  flores  fertiles  desunt;  flores  radiantes  steriles 
graciliter  pedicellati,  persistentes,  4-sepali  sepalis  late  ellipticis  v.  sub- 
rotundatis,  crassiusculis,  plus  minus  dentatis,  2-2.5  cm.  longis  et  in- 
terdum  ad  2.5  cm.  latis.  Capsula  (immatura)  semisupera,  cum  stylis 
6  mm.  longa,  parte  superiore  libera  paullo  longiore  quam  tubus  calycis 
pilis  crispulis  sparsis  adspersi;  styli  3,  partem  liberam  capsulae  sub- 
aequantes,  sat  graciles;  semina  late  elliptica,  exalata. 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1605). 

Closely  related  to  H.  scandens  De  CandoUe  {H.  virens  Siebold),  which  differs 
chiefly  in  its  smaller  sparingly  toothed  leaves,  in  the  few-flowered  cymes  with  the 
sterile  flowers  with  three  deciduous  entire  sepals,  in  the  smaller  capsules  with 
longer  styles  and  in  its  lax  habit  with  very  slender  often  drooping  branches. 

Hydrangea  Davidii  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2, 
VIII.  227  {PI.  David.  II.  44)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2250  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1159),  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4343);  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  Nov.  1908  (No.  1249);  Wa-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  1500-2100  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  1159);  without 
locality,  alt.  1500-2400  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3563). 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  from  Franchet's  description  slightly  in  having  usually 
4  sepals  and  in  the  leaves  being  up  to  6  cm.  broad.  The  capsule,  which  is  not 
described  by  Franchet,  is  subglobose,  2-3  mm.  in  diameter,  the  free  part  longer 
than  the  tube  of  the  calyx;  the  seeds  are  broadly  elliptic,  wingless,  scarcely  1  mm. 
long  and  light  yellowish  brown. 

Hydrangea  paniculata  Siebold  in  Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Leop.  Carol.  XIV. 
pt.  ii.  690  {Syn.  Hydrang.)  (1829). 


K  H.  HILL  LIBRARY 

North  Carolina  State  College 


26  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  abundant,  side  of  streams,  July  27,  1907  (No. 
i6oi). 

This  is  as  far  as  I  know  the  first  time  that  H.  paniculata  has  been  found  in  China. 
The  specimen  differs  very  little  from  the  Japanese  plant;  the  serratures  of  the 
leaves  are  strongly  incurved,  the  veins  are  yellow  on  the  upper  side  and  strigosely 
pubescent  below,  while  in  the  Japanese  specimens  the  leaves  are  nearly  glabrous 
and  the  teeth  are  slightly  spreading. 

Hydrangea  hypoglauca  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  3  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  castaneo-purpureis  glabris, 
lenticellis  inconspicuis  institutis.  Folia  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga, 
acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  argute  mucronulato- 
serrulata,  supra  flavo-viridia,  glabra  nervis  strigosis  flavescentibus 
exceptis,  subtus  glauca  (sub  lente  dense  papillosa),  ad  nervos  dense 
pubescentia  ceterum  glabra,  7-10  em.  longa  et  2.5-4.5  cm.  lata;  peti- 
oli  graciles,  parce  pilosi,  2-3  cm.  longi.  Cyma  laxa,  convexa,  radii s 
5-7  decussatis  distantibus  composita,  strigosa;  flores  radiantes  2-3 
cm.  diam.,  sepalis  3-4  late  ovalibus  v.  obovatis  albis;  calycis  dentes 
florum  fertilium  ovato-triangulares,  acuminata;  petala  alba,  ovato- 
oblonga,  concava,  apice  cucullata,  2  mm.  longa;  stamina  inaequalia, 
breviora  petalis  subaequilongis,  longiora  3  mm.  longa;  styli  3,  erecti; 
ovarium  semisuperum.    Capsulae  maturae  desiderantur. 

Western  Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  6056,  type);  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  900-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2397);  no  locality, 
June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1271). 

Allied  to  Hydrangea  xanthoneura  Diels  which  differs  chiefly  in  the  more  or  less 
elliptic  leaves  being  green  on  the  under  side  with  strigose  veins  and  in  the  trian- 
gular obtusish  sepals. 

Hydrangea  xanthoneura  Diels  in  Bot  Jahrb.  XXIX.  373  (1900). 

Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  Ching-lung-tsui,  August  9,  1891,  A.  von 
Rosthorn  (No.  354,  type);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2600  m.,  July 
and  November  1908  (Nos.  2409,  flowers,  and  1354,  fruits) ;  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  439i);  Pan-lan-shan, 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2200  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4484). 
Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  4899  and  4900). 

This  is  apparently  a  very  variable  species  and  closely  related  to  H.  Bretschneideri 
from  which  it  can  be  separated  only  by  the  glabrous  or  glabrescent  under  side  of 
the  leaves  more  or  less  cuneate  at  the  base.  In  the  type  the  under  side  of  the  leaves 
is  glabrous  or  nearly  glabrous  except  the  strigose  veins  which  are  yellowish  on  the 
upper  side;  the  branchlets  are  bright  reddish  brown  with  the  bark  without  lenticels 
and  soon  separating  into  thin  flakes.  Wilson's  Nos.  4391  and  4899  seem  nearest 
to  the  type.  No.  4484  is  also  near  the  type,  except  that  it  has  the  leaves  loosely 
pubescent  beneath,  while  the  other  numbers  of  Wilson  differ  in  their  large  foliage, 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  27 

the  leaves  attaining  a  length  of  15-20  cm.  with  the  petioles  4  cm.  long  and  the 
inflorescence  measuring  25  cm.  in  diameter. 

Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  Wilsonii  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  hornotinis  griseo-flavescentibus,  annotinis 
griseis  v.  avellaneis  lenticellis  pallidis  instructis  cortice  adhaerente  et 
foliis  junioribus  subtus  sparse  adpresse  pubescentibus.  Arbor  ad  5  m. 
alta. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu, 
woodlands,  alt.  2400-2800  m.,  July  3,  1908  (No.  2407,  type);  Pan- 
lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2200  m.,  June  26,  1908 
(No.  2410);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600- 
2400  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2408). 

The  color  and  behavior  of  the  bark  would  seem  to  afford  good  specific  differ- 
ences, if  it  were  not  for  the  following  specimens  which  are  intermediate  in  this  re- 
spect between  the  type  and  the  variety,  but  are  apparently  closer  to  the  variety. 

Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  glabrescens  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Hydrangea  serrata  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  189  (not  De  Candolle)  (1893). 
Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  glabrescens  Rehder  in  Bailey,  Cycl.  Am.  Hort. 
II.  784  (1900);  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XII.  121  (1903). 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  minoribus,  tenuioribus  et  plerumque  angusti- 
oribus,  saepe  grossius  serratis,  venis  supra  non  flavidis,  subtus  fere 
glabris  v.  sparse  pubescentibus  nee  strigosis. 

Seed  collected  by  Dr.  E.  Bretschneider  near  Pekin  and  introduced 
into  cultivation:  Hort.  Bot.  Berol.;  E.  Koehne,  Herb.  Dendr.  (No. 
113);  Arnold  Arboretum,  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum. 

It  is  with  some  hesitation  that  I  refer  this  variety  to  H.  xanthoneura,  but  if  the 
pubescence  is  to  be  considered  the  chief  distinguishing  character  between  this 
species  and  H.  Bretschneideri,  it  must  be  referred  to  the  former. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2500  m.,  June  and 
October  1908  (Nos.  1183,  1327);  thickets  around  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
2100-2400  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1347);  near  Tachien-lu,  2700-3G00  m., 
A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  285).  Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2398);  no  locality,  June 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2184).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  2700  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  10235). 

Hydrangea  pubinervis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  3  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  glabrescentibus  purpureis, 
vetustioribus  castaneis  lenticellis  sparsis  instructis.  Folia  mem- 
branacea,  alte  elliptica,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  grossius  ser- 


28  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

rato-dentata,  supra  flavo-viridia,  glabra  v.  fere  glabra  nervis  strigosis 
exceptis,  subtus  pallidiora,  tota  facie  crispulo-villosa  ad  nervos  pilis 
flavidis  adpressis  dense  obtecta,  6-9  cm.  longa  et  3.5-4.5  cm.  lata; 
petioli  graciles,  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  pubescentes.  Cyma  fere  plana,  e 
radiis  5-7  decussatis  distantibus  composita,  strigosa;  flores  radiantes 
circa  2.5  cm.  diam.  sepalis  4  late  ovalibus  v.  obovatis;  calycis  dentes 
florum  fertilium  triangulares;  petala  oblongo-ovata,  apice  cucullata, 
2  mm.  longa;  stamina  inaequalia,  minora  petalis  breviora,  majora 
petalis  paullo  longiora;  ovarium  semisuperum;  stylis  3  erectis.  Cap- 
sulae  maturae  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2250  m., 
July  1908  (No.  241 1). 

Closely  related  to  H.  xanthoncura  Diels  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  leaves 
being  serrulate,  narrower  and  larger  and  on  the  under  side  nearly  glabrous  except 
the  strigose  veins. 

Hydrangea  Bretschneideri  Dippel,  var.  setchuenensis  Rehder,  n. 
var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  majoribus  ad  20  cm.  longis  et  11  cm.  latis,  venis 
saepe  flavescentibus,  petiolis  densius  pubescentibus,  ramulis  juniori- 
bus  laxe  et  sparse  pubescentibus,  annotinis  pallide  brunneis  lenticellis 
conspicuis  instructis,  cymis  usque  ad  25  cm.  diam.,  laxis,  convexis, 
interdum  fere  paniculiformibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2300-2700  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1323).  Western 
Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  1800  m.,  August  1907  (No. 
2399)- 

The  Szech'uan  and  the  Hupeh  plants  differ  sHghtly;  the  former  has  the  leaves 
generally  ovate-oblong  and  approaches  also  in  the  somewhat  darker  color  of  the 
branchlets  the  type,  while  the  leaves  of  the  Hupeh  plant  are  elliptic-oblong  or 
oblong-obovate. 

Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  lancifolia  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  cinereis  lenticellis  conspicuis  instructis, 
foliis  oblongo-lanceolatis,  supra  sparse  strigosis,  subtus  tota  facie 
dense  crispulo-villosis  et  ad  nervos  strigosis,  7-12  cm.  longis  et  2-3 
cm.  latis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2400  m., 
June  1908  (No.  2412). 

This  variety  might  possibly  be  considered  a  pubescent  and  narrow-leaved  form 
of  H.  xanthoneura,  since  it  has  almost  the  same  kind  of  bark  as  var.  Wilsonii  of 
that  species. 


SAXIFEAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  29 

Hydrangea  Sargentiana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  roliustus  bimetralis;  ramuli  juniores  dense  villosi  et  excre- 
scentiis  crebris  e  trichomatibus  basi  confluentibus  purpurcis  formatis 
praediti.  Folia  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v,  interdum 
subcordata  v.  late  cuneata,  inaequaliter  et  fere  dupliciter  ciliato- 
dentata  dentibus  setaceo-acuminatis,  15-30  cm.  longa  et  6.5-16  cm. 
lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  scabro-strigosa,  subtus  dense  villoso-hirta, 
ad  nervos  hirto-pilosa  excrescentiis  purpureis  intermixes;  petioli 
dense  pilosi  et  excrescentiis  purpureis  instructi,  3-9  cm.  longi.  Cyma 
fere  plana,  12-16  cm.  diam.,  densa,  dense  pubescens,  e  radiis  oppo- 
sitis  congestis  7-13  composita;  flores  radiantes  graciliter  pedicellati 
2.5-3.5  cm.  diam.  albi,  sepalis  4,  orbiculato-obovatis  integris;  sepala 
florum  fertilium  late  triangularia,  tubo  dimidio  breviora;  petala  ovata, 
mox  caduca,  apice  interdum  calyptratim  coherentia,  2  mm.  longa; 
stamina  breviora  petalis  aequilonga,  longiora  circa  4  mm.  longa; 
styli  plerumque  3  v.  interdum  2.  Capsula  hemispherica,  leviter  10- 
12-costata,  apice  truncata,  3  mm.  diam.;  semina  elliptica,  utrinque  in 
alam  brevem  contracta,  striata,  flavo-brunnea,  circa  0.7  mm.  longa. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
August  and  December  1907  (No.  772). 

Adistinct  species  with  large  and  handsome  foliage  similar  to  H.  robusta  Hooker 
f.  &  Thomson,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  strigose  pubescence,  ovate 
leaves,  by  the  serrate  sepals  of  the  sterile  flowers  and  the  larger  capsule.  The  allied 
H.  Rosthornii  Diels  also  differs  in  its  strigose  pubescence  and  ovate  leaves. 

Hydrangea  villosa  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-3  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  albido-  v.  fulvo-villosis 
angulatis.  Folia  elliptico-  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi 
cuneata,  fimbriato-denticulata  dentibus  setaceo-acuminatis,  10-20 
cm.  longa  et  3.5-6.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  flavo-viridia,  scabro- 
strigosa  pilis  basi  bulbosis,  ad  costam  mediam  pilis  longioribus  al- 
bidis  instructa,  subtus  pilis  patentibus  hirto-villosis  incano-tomentosa, 
ad  nervos  pilis  ad  3  mm.  longis  et  saepe,  praesertim  ad  costam  mediam, 
fulvescentibus  v.  fulvis  praedita;  petioli  villosi  saepe  pilis  fulvis  longis 
patentibus  interspersis,  1-4  cm.  longi.  Cyma  convexa,  interdum 
plana,  albido-  v.  fulvo-villosa,  radiis  oppositis  7-9  satis  remotis 
composita;  flores  radiantes  graciliter  pedicellati,  3-4  cm.  diam.,  coeru- 
lescentes,  sepalis  4  orbiculato-obovatis  plerumque  crenulatis;  pedi- 
celli  florum  fertilium  strigosi,  tubum  calycis  glabri  v.  basi  tantum 
strigosi  subaequantcs,  dentibus  triangularibus  vix  dimidium  tubum 
aequantibus;  petala  oblongo-ovata,   acutiuscula,   concava,   patentia, 


30  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

2  mm.  longa;  stamina  valde  inaequalia,  minora  petalis  subaequi- 
longa,  majora  eis  duplo  longiora;  styli  2,  patentes,  apice  incrassati. 
Capsula  hemispherica,  apice  truncata,  leviter  costata,  2.5-3  mm. 
diam.;  semina  late  elliptica,  utrinque  in  alam  constricta,  striata, 
flavido-brunnea,  circa  0.6  mm.  longa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1800  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1227,  type),  alt.  1200- 
2700  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1250),  October  1910  (No. 
4302);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2400  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4483). 

Easily  distinguished  from  allied  species  by  its  villous  pubescence. 

Hydrangea  glabripes  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  ramulis  glabris  v.  fere  glabris,  vetustioribus  flavo- 
griseis.  Folia  lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotundata, 
dentato-serrulata  serraturis  mucronulato-acuminatis,  6-12  cm.  longa 
et  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  flavo-viridia,  satis  dense  strigulosa, 
subtus  pallida,  hirto-villosa  costa  fere  glabra  excepta;  petioli  graciles, 
1.5-4  cm.  longi,  glabri,  tantum  supra  in  canaliculo  parce  pubes- 
centes.  Cyma  fere  plana  v.  leviter  convexa,  8-10  cm.  diam.,  strigosa, 
radiis  brevibus  7-9;  flores  radiantes  pauci,  rosei,  sepalis  4,  late  obo- 
vatis,  leviter  emarginatis  integris;  flores  fertiles  rosei;  calycis  tubus 
hemisphericus,  glaber  ima  basi  excepta,  dentibus  triangularibus  min- 
utis;  petala  oblongo-ovata,  1.5  mm.  longa;  stamina  inaequalia,  longi- 
ora 4  mm.  longa;  styli  2.     Capsulae  maturae  desunt. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August 

1907  (No.  2391). 

Closely  related  to  H.  longipes  Franchet  which  is  chiefly  distinguished  by  broader 
strigose  or  glabrescent  leaves,  strigose  branchlets,  longer  petioles  and  white  flowers. 
From  all  allied  species  H.  glabripes  differs  in  the  leaves  having  a  densely  villous 
under  side  and  at  the  same  time  a  glabrous  petiole  and  a  glabrous  or  nearly  gla- 
brous midrib. 

Hydrangea  aspera  D.  Don,  var.  velutina  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Differt  a  typo  foliis  minoribus  subtus  densius  velutino-hirtellis, 
floribus  fertilibus  sterilibusque  coeruleis  v.  roseis  minoribus,  stylis 
plerumque  2.  Folia  oblongo-ovata  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  fimbriato- 
denticulata,  8-12  cm.  longa  et  3-5  cm.  lata;  petioli  1-2  cm.  longi; 
petala,  stamina,  styli  coerulea;  flores  radiantes  steriles  3  cm.  diam., 
sepalis  crenato-serratis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  July 

1908  (Nos.  2405,2403  (floribus  omnibus  sterilibus));  Mupin,  thickets, 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  31 

alt.  1200-1500  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2404);  Lungan  Fu,  thickets,  alt. 
1800-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4482). 

This  form  is  probably  best  treated  as  a  variety  of  H.  aspera,  though  it  shows  a 
close  relation  to  H.  villosa;  it  lacks,  however  the  villous  and  fulvous  hairs  of  that 
species.  In  No.  2404  and  4482  the  pubescence  is  less  velutinous  and  approaches 
that  of  H.  strigosa. 

Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  scabra  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis  ovatis  v.  ovato-oblongis,  basi  rotun- 
data  V.  subcordata,  supra  manifeste  scabra,  subtus  dense  velutino- 
hirtellis,  12-18  cm.  longis  et  7.5-10  cm.  latis.  Capsula  circa  3  mm. 
diam.,  sty  lis  2. 

Western    Szech'uan:    southeast    of    Tachien-lu,    thickets,    alt. 

2400  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4485). 

In  the  shape  of  the  leaves  this  variety  approaches  somewhat  H.  Rosthornii  Diels, 
but  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  nearly  velutinous  pubescence  of  the  under  side 
of  the  leaves  and  by  the  shorter  petioles. 

Hydrangea  strigosa  Rehder,  n.  sp.  ■—   ■"•'--; 

H.  aspera  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn  Sac.  XXIII.  272  (not  D.  Don)  (1887).— 

Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  283  (1910). 
H.  aspera,  f.  typica  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  375  (1900). 

Frutex  2-3  m.  altus,  ramulis  junioribus  teretibus  v.  leviter  angu- 
latis  strigosis,  vetustioribus  griseo-brunneis  lenticellis  destitutis. 
Folia  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  denti- 
culato-serrata  serraturis  porrectis  parvis  mucronulatis,  8-23  cm. 
longa  et  2-6  cm.  lata,  supra  sparse  strigosa,  subtus  densius  strigosa, 
praecipue  ad  venas;  petioli  1.5-3  cm.  longi,  dense  strigosi.  Cyma 
convexa,  radiis  5-7,  dense  strigosa;  flores  radiantes  graciliter  pedi- 
cellati,  sepalis  late  ovalibus  plerumque  mucronulatis  integris  v. 
sparse  serrulatis;  flores  fertiles  albi;  sepala  triangularia,  calycis  di- 
midium  tubum  parce  strigosum  vix  aequantia,  glabra  v.  fere  glabra; 
petala  ovato-oblonga,  2  mm,  longa;  stamina  longiora  circa  6  mm. 
longa,  breviora  dimidio  breviora;  styli  2.  Capsula  hemispherica, 
truncata,  3  mm.  alta,  costata;  semina  late  elliptica,  utrinque  subito 
in  alam  contracta,  striata,  0.6  mm.  longa,  flavo-brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  500- 
1200  m.,  August  and  December  1907  (No.  765,  type):  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  August  and  December  1907  (Nos. 
773,  2394);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  August  1907 
(Nos.  2392,  2395);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August 
1907  (No.  2390,  with  all  the  flowers  sterile);  Packang,  1901  (Veitch 


32  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Exped.  No.  1473);  South  Wushan,  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2446); 
without  locaUty,  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2527);  A.  Henry  (No. 
1083).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
4902  with  all  the  flowers  sterile);  Nanch'uan,  Shan-tzu-p'ing,  A.  von 
Rosthorn  (No.  299). 

Closely  related  to  H.  aspera  D.  Don  which  chiefly  differs  in  the  fimbriate-denticu- 
late  leaves  being  on  the  under  side  on  the  veins  and  veinlets  covered  with  a  villose- 
hirtellous,  not  appressed  strigose  pubescence  and  in  the  larger  capsules  with 
usually  three  styles.  The  difference  in  pubescence  and  serration,  serrulate,  with  the 
teeth  pointing  forward  in  //.  strigosa,  and  denticulate  or  dentate  with  spreading 
teeth  in  H.  aspera,  seems  to  distinguish  clearly  the  Chinese  from  the  Himalayan 
plant  of  which  I  have  seen  Wallich's  No.  440  B;  the  pubescence  of  that  specimen 
agrees  well  with  Don's  original  description  "foHis  .  .  .  subtus  dense  cano-tomen- 
tosis  "  and  Clarke's  description  "under  surface  with  gray  woolly  hairs,"  terms 
which  hardly  could  be  applied  to  the  strigose  pubescence  of  the  Chinese  plant.  In 
size  and  shape  of  foliage  the  Chinese  plant  seems  exceedingly  variable,  and  the  fol- 
lowing forms  pass  gradually  into  each  other. 

Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  macrophylla  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

H.  aspera,  var.  macrophylla  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  273  (1887).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  375  (1900). 

Western  Hupen:  A.  Henry  (Nos.  2083,  6477);  Fang  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1300  m.,  Au'»ist  1907  (No.  571);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thicket, 
alt.  900-1200  m.,  August  and  December  1907  (No.  757).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4902);  Nan- 
cl  "  lan,  Chang-kou,  September  18,  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  953). 

The  leaves  of  this  form  are  sometimes  28  cm.  in  length  and  11  cm.  in  width  and  are 
generally  ovate-lanceolate  or  sometimes  ovate-oblong  and  nearly  rounded  at  the 
base.  This  form  passes  gradually  into  the  type,  and  some  specimens  enumerated 
under  the  type,  as  Wilson's  Nos.  2394  and  also  No.  773  and  Henry's  No.  1083, 
with  leaves  22  cm.  long  and  6.5  cm.  broad,  might  perhaps  be  referred  to  var. 
macrophylla,  but  the  leaves  are  comparatively  narrow  and  cuneate  at  the  base. 

Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  sinica  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
H.  aspera,  var.  f  sinica  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  375  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  185);  Nan-t'o,  A.  Henry  (No. 
2206).  Western  Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  Ma-fou-hn-p'o,  August  26, 
1901,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  629). 

Differs  in  its  oblanceolate  or  oblong-obovate  leaves  rarely  exceeding  10  cm. 
in  length,  the  leaves  having  generally  their  greatest  width  above  the  middle,  not 
below  as  in  the  other  forms. 

Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  angustifolia  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
H.  aspera  var.  i  angustifolia  Diels  1.  c. 


SAXIFKAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  33 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wang-t'ien-ling,  August  9,  1891,  A.  von 
Rosihorn  (No.  1168,  type).  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  30-60  m.,  September  1907  (Nos.  2393,  2396). 

Wilson's  No.  2396  with  the  leaves  23  cm.  long  and  3.7  cm.  broad  approaches 
var.  macrophylla,  but  on  account  of  the  narrowness  of  the  leaves  it  finds  its  place 
perhaps  better  here. 

Hydrangea  Rosthomii  Diels  in  BoL  Jahrb.  XXIX.  374  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Nanchuan,  Ya-chih-pa,  August  1891,  A.  von 
Rosthorn  (No.  471,  type);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2400  m.,  July, 
September  and  November  1908  (Nos.  1156,  1348,  1372,  2414);  Ta- 
chien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2500  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No. 
1365),  October  1910  (No.  4337);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2400  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4341);  Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4903). 

The  close  relationship  of  this  species  with  H.  robusta  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  is 
still  more  evident  in  Wilson's  specimens  than  in  the  type  specimen;  the  leaves  of 
Wilson's  specimens  are  larger,  the  largest  measuring  25  cm.  in  length  and  17  cm.  in 
width,  the  longest  petiole  is  20  cm.  long  and  in  some  specimens  the  sterile  flowers 
have  strongly  toothed  sepals.  It  is  also  closely  related  to  H.  longipes  Franchet, 
which  is  chiefly  distinguished  by  its  smaller  and  thinner,  coarsely  serrate  leaves, 
less  densely  strigose  or  glabrescent  beneath.  , 

Hydrangea  longipes  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2, 
VIII.  228  {PI.  David.  II.  45)  (1885). 

Hydrangea  (§  Calyptranthe)  longipes  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Sac.  XXIII.  ''"S 

(1887). 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  a  longipes  Diels  in  Bat.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  374  (1900). 
Hydrangea  {Calyptranthe)  Hemsleyana  Diels  I.  c.  376  (1900).  —  Pampanini  in 

Nuov.  Giom.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII.  284  (1910). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  June  1869,  P.  David;  Mupin,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1800  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2406);  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4342);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1100-2100  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2400);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  July  1808  (No.  2401);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  1800-2400 
m.,  July  1908  (No.  2413);  northeast  of  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  1800- 
2200  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4330);  Lungan  Fu,  alt.  1800-2400  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4481);  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1931). 
Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  cliffs  and  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
1500  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2402);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets 
and  rocky  places,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  June  and  November  1907  (No. 
580);  Patung,  May  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1213);  without  locality, 
August  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2514);  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5839  A, 
5839  B). 


34  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Hydrangea  longipes  is  closely  related  to  H.  Giraldii  Diels  and  also  to  H.  rohusta 
Hooker  f .  &  Thomson  as  Franchet  has  already  stated,  and  some  of  the  specimens, 
as  Wilson's  No.  580,  which  has  rather  densely  pubescent  and  large  leaves,  seem 
somewhat  intermediate.  Hydrangea  longipes  Franchet  and  H.  longipes  Hemsley  are 
identical;  the  apparent  discrepancies  in  the  descriptions  do  not  exist  in  reality. 
First  it  is  to  be  stated  that  H.  longipes  Hemsley  does  not  belong  in  the  section 
Calyptranthe  where  Hemsley  placed  it,  apparently  misled  by  the  fact  that  the 
petals  occasionally  cohere  at  the  apex,  but  this  may  happen  in  almost  all  species 
of  the  subsection  Asperae,  which  does  not  differ  in  the  structure  of  its  flowers  from 
Calyptranthe.  The  description  of  Franchet  contains  some  misleading  inaccuracies; 
the  flowers  have  10  stamens  and  2  styles,  not  5  stamens  and  3  styles  as  Franchet 
describes  them,  and  the  leaves  of  at  least  part  of  the  specimens  collected  by  David 
attain  a  length  of  four  inches,  while  Franchet  says  "folia  vix  ultra-pollicaria." 
The  only  difference  I  can  find  between  Franchet's  and  Hemsley's  specimens  is  the 
somewhat  slighter  pubescence  of  the  latter,  the  leaves  being  sometimes  nearly 
glabrous.  A  form  based  on  No.  846  of  C.  Silvestri  from  the  mountains  of  Chia- 
yuen-kou,  western  Hupeh,  with  the  radiant  flowers  smaller  and  greenish  has  been 
described  by  Pampanini  as  H.  Hemsleyana,  var.  Pavoliniana  (Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot. 
Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  284  [1910]). 

Hydrangea  anomala  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  211  (1825). 

Hydrangea  altissima  WalHch,  Tent.  Fl.  Nepal,  t.  50  (1826). 
Hydrangea  glabra,  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXV.  89,  t.  6  (Fl.  Mont. 
Formos.)  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  common,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No.  491,  in  part);  Packang,  July 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  894);  A.  Henry  (No.  6511).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2500  m.,  June  and  Octo- 
ber 1908  (No.  491,  in  part);  Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
4901);  Nanch'uan,  Yang-yii-ping,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  51);  South 
Wushan,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5557,  5658).  Formosa:  Mt.  Morrison,  T. 
Kawakami  &  U.  Mori  (No.  1723  ex  Hayata). 

I  have  been  unable  to  detect  in  Hayata's  description  and  plate  any  character 
by  which  to  distinguish  his  H.  glabra  from  H.  anomala. 

SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  CHINESE  SPECIES  OF  HYDRANGEA. 

As  the  determination  of  the  copious  material  collected  by  Wilson  of  this  genus 
has  necessitated  a  study  of  all  the  Hydrangeas  of  China  and  the  adjacent  parts  of 
Asia,  it  may  be  useful  to  place  the  results  of  this  study  permanently  on  record  in 
the  shape  of  a  synopsis  of  all  the  Chinese  species  of  Hydrangea. 

KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES. 

*  Semina  exalata  v.  utrinque  in  alam  protracta;  petala  apice  soluta,  patentia; 
frutices  erecti  raro  scandentes  ramulis  annotinis  medulla  alba  solida  ampla. 

Sect.  I.   EUHYDRANGEA. 
t  Ovarium  semisuperum;  capsula  ovoidea  apice  in  stylos  plerumque  3  attenu- 
ata;  stamina  petala  vix  v.  paullo  superantia,  subaequalia. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  35 

t  Semina  exalata  v.  alis  brevissimis  instructa;  cyma  plana,  rarius  convexa; 
petala  plerumque  tarde  decidua,  sub  anthesi  reflexa. 

Subsect.  1.   PETALANTHAE. 

Cyma  basi  foliis  suffulta;  pars  libera  capsulae  tubo  calycis  longior;  folia 

denticulata  v.  denticulata-serrata. 

Cyma   umbellam  sessilem  formans  (rarius  ramulis  oppositis  remotis 

simulque  foliis  glabris) ;  capsulaovoidea  longior  quam  lata;  petala 

obovata. 

Folia  glabra,  subtus  viridia,  chartacea  v.  coriacea;  flores  radian tes 

pauci  V.  deficientes 1.  H.  chinensis. 

Folia  subtus  glaucescentia  sparse  ad  venas  densius  pubescentia; 

cyma  manifeste  urabelliformis 2.  H.  umbellata. 

Cyma  e  ramulis  oppositis  plus  minus  remotis  composita;  folia  ad  venas 

saltern  pubescentia;  flores  fertiles  coerulei;  petala  oblongo-obovata 

V.  lanceolata. 

Sepala  anguste  lanceolata;  petala  lanceolata;  styli  recti  v.  leviter 

apice    curvati;    capsula   subglobosa,    absque   styli    latior   quam 

longa      3.  H.  Davidii. 

Sepala  triangulari-ovata;  petala  obovato-oblonga;  styli  apice  revo- 
luti;  folia  plerumque  oblanceolato-oblonga;  capsula  ovoidea,  absque 

stylis  paullo  longior  quam  lata 4.  //.  yunnanensis. 

Cyma  pedunculata  aphylla;  pars  libera  capsulae  tubo  calycis  brevior, 

rarius  aequilonga;  folia  argute  serrata;  flores  fertiles  coerulei  v.  rosei. 

Folia  utrinque  et  ramuli  strigillosa  pilis  basi  bulbosis;  flores  radian  tes 

disepali  pauci 5.  H.  Moellendorfii. 

Folia  utrinque  glabra  v.  supra  sparse  pilosa  et  subtus  secus  venas  vil- 
losa;  ramuli  glabri;  flores  radiantes  quadrisepali. 

6.   H.  opuloides. 
J  J  Semina  utrinque  in  alam  protracta;  flores  fertiles  albi;  cyma  corymbiformis 
et  convexa  v.  paniculiformis;  petala  cito  decidua. 

Subsect.  2.   HETEROMALLAE. 
Inflorescentia  manifeste  paniculata;  folia  subtus  ad  venas  tantum  pu- 
bescentia v.  glabrescentia 7.  H.  paniculata. 

Inflorescentia  cymosa  plerumque  convexa. 

Folia  subtus  glabrescentia,  ad  venas  tantum  v.  interdum  ad  venulas 
sparse  pubescentia. 
Folia  subtus  glauca,  sub  lente  dense  papillosa,  ad  venas  pilis  sericeis 

dense  obtecta,  basi  rotundata 8.   H.  hypoglauca. 

Folia  subtus  pallide  viridia  sine  papillis,  ad  venas  strigosa,  basi  plus 

minus  attenuata 9.  H.  xanthoneura. 

Folia  subtus  tota  facie  pubescentia. 
Folia  subtus  pubescentia  tantum. 

Folia  subtus  ad  costam  mediam  venasque  dense  pilis  flavidis  ad- 
pressis  obtecta,  ceterum  laxe  villoso-strigosa,  clliptica,  grossius 

serrata 10.  //.  pubinervis. 

Folia  subtus  cinereo-villosa,  plerumque  ovato-oblonga,  denticu- 

lato-serrulata      11.  H.  Bretschneideri. 

Folia  subtus  dense  albo-tomentosa,  denticulato-serrulata. 

12.   H.  mandnrinorum. 
tt  Ovarium  totum  inferum;  capsula  hemispherica  v.  turbinata  stylis  plerumque 

duobus Subsect.  3.   ASPERAE. 

t  Ramuli  petiolique  et  saepe  costa  subtus  pilis  longis  patentibus  instructa  v. 
tomentosa. 


36  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Pubes  ramulorum  petiolorum  costarum  subtus  trichomatibus  camosis, 
aculeiformibus  apice  fissis  plerumque  purpureis  crebris  interspersa; 
folia  ad  25  cm.  longa,  basi  plerumque  rotvmdata  v.  subcordata. 

13.  H.  Sargentiana. 
Pubes  tantum  pilosa  v.  tomentosa. 
Capsula  et  sepala  utrinque  tomentosula;  folia  oblongo-lanceolata,  ad 
20  cm.  longa,  supra  scabra,  subtus  ad  costas  tomentosa. 

14.   H.  longifolia. 
Capsula  sepalaque  glabra. 

Frutex   scandens;    folia    oblongo-ovata,    utrinque   subtus    densius 

scabro-pilosa       15.   H.  Kawakamii. 

Frutices  erecti. 
Folia  basi  cuneata,  denticulato-serrulata,   subtus  dense  cinereo- 
villosa;  petioli  foliorum  superiorum  1.5-3  cm.  longi 

16.   H.  villosa. 
Folia  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  serrata,  subtus  hirto-villosa, 
petioli  pilis  fulvis  instruct!  omnes  3-6  cm.  longi. 

17.  H.fulvescens. 
t  J  Ramuli  petiolique  strigosi  v.  glabri. 

Folia  serrata  v.  denticulata;  frutices  erecti. 
Folia  subtus  hirto-villosa. 

Ramuli  petiolique  glabra;  folia  anguste  lanceolata,  serrulata,  2-3  cm. 

lata 18.   H.  glabripes. 

Ramuli  petiolique  dense  strigosa;  folia  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  lanceo- 
lata, rarius  ovato-oblonga  v.  ovata,  fimbriato-denticulata,  4-12  cm. 

lata 19.   H.  aspera. 

Folia  subtus  strigosa  v.  glabrescentia,  denticulato-serrulata  v.  serrata. 
Folia  basi  cuneata;  petioli  1.5-3  cm.  longi,  rarius  longiores,  serraturis 

porrectis 20.   H.  strigosa. 

Folia  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  rarius  late  cuneata,  petioli  4-20 
cm.  longi. 
Folia  denticulato-serrulata  et  saepe  duplicato-denticulata  serraturis 
setoso-mucronulatis,  ad  25  cm.  longa,  subtus  dense  strigosa,  sub- 

chartacea 21.   H.  Rosthornii. 

Folia  serrata,  serratiu-is  late  triangularibus,  breviter  acuminatis,  6- 
18  cm.  longa,  subtus  strigosa  v.  glabrescentia,  membranacea. 

22.   H.  longipes. 
Folia  Integra;  flores  steriles  sepalis  plerumque  2;  frutices  scandentes. 

Folia  ovata  v.  elliptica,  basi  rotundata 23.   H.  integrifolia. 

Folia  oblongo-elliptica,  basi  attenuata 24:.   H.  Integra. 

**  Semina  undique  ala  angusta  cincta,  compressa,  laevia;  petala  apice  coherentia 
calyptratim  decidua;  frutices  radicibus  scandentes  ramulis  medulla  brunnea 
angustiore  evanescente  ideoque  subfistulosis. 

Sect.  II.   CALYPTRANTHE. 
Stamina  10;  folia  ovata  v.  elliptica  basi  cimeata  v.  rotundata,  denticulato- 

serrata 25.   H.  anomala. 

Stamina  15;  folia  late  ovata,  basi  truncata  v.  subcordata,  argute  serrata. 

26.   H.  petiolaris. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  37 


ENUMERATION  OF  THE  SPECIES. 

Sect.  I.  EUHYDRANGEA  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PUershourg, 
64r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  7  (1867). 

Subsect.  1.   PETALANTHAE  Maximowicz,  I.  c. 

This  subsection  is  taken  here  in  a  wider  sense  than  in  its  original  conception 
and  includes  all  the  species  with  a  wingless  or  nearly  wingless  seed.  The  ovary 
is  partly  superior  with  3-4  styles  and  the  cymes  are  usually  flat;  the  petals 
are  spreading  or  reflexed  and  usually  persistent  during  anthesis.  Petioles  1-3,  rarely 
5  cm.  long. 

1.  Hydrangea  chinensis  Maximowicz,  I.  c.  (1867)  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXIII.  273  (1887). 

Fokien:  April- June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (No.  2664).  Formosa:  Tamsuy,  1864, 
R.  Oldham;  Bankinsing,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  98,  590,  1716). 

2.  Hydrangea  umbellata  Rehder.     See  p.  25. 

3.  Hydrangea  Davidii  Franch.     See  p.  25. 

4.  Hydrangea  yunnanensis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metraUs  v.  ultra  ramulis  hornotinis  dense  strigilloso-villosulis,  annotinis 
flavescentibus.  Folia  membranacea,  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata, 
basi  cuneata,  dentata  v.  denticulata  basi  excepta,  7-12  cm.  longa  et  2.5-4  cm. 
lata,  supra  luteo-viridia,  sparse  setulosa  v.  glabrescentia,  ad  costam  dense  strigil- 
loso-villosa,  subtus  pallida,  costa  venisque  setulosis  exceptis  glabrescentia  v.  in- 
terdum  parce  setulosa,  utrinsecus  10-14-costata;  petioli  crispulo-villosi,  circa  1  cm. 
longi.  Cyma  fere  plana  v.  convexa,  radiis  5-7  oppositis  remotis  composita,  strigi- 
loso-villosa ;  flores  steriles  3-4  cm.  diam.,  sepalis  3-4,  late  ovatis  albis  plerumque 
paucidentatis  v.  denticulatis;  flores  fertiles  cyanei  pedicellis  plerumque  receptaculo 
brevioribus;  calycis  dentes  triangulari-ovati;  petala  obovato-oblonga,  staminibus 
longioribus  subaequilonga,  circa  3  mm.  longa;  styU  3.  Capsula  ovoidea  stylis 
persistentibus  inclusis  4-5  mm.  longa,  pars  libera  fere  duplo  longior  quam  tubus 
calycis;  styli  apice  valde  recurvati  stigmatibus  fere  circulum  formantes;  semina 
late  elliptica,  exalata. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountain  forests  to  the  north,  alt.  2100  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
10236,  10236  B). 

Closely  related  to  H.  Davidii  Franch.  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  linear- 
lanceolate  sepals,  lanceolate  petals,  longer  and  slenderer  pedicels,  suborbicular 
capsules  and  straight  styles  only  slightly  curved  at  the  apex. 

5.  Hydrangea  Moellendorfii  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XII.  177  (1874). 
Kiangsi:  near  Iviukiang  (ex  Hance). 

I  have  seen  no  specimen  of  this  species,  but  as  Hance  states  that  it  is  closely 
related  to  H.  hirta  I  assume  that  the  inflorescence  is  peduncled  and  leafless  as  in 
that  species. 

6.  Hydrangea  opuloides  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  353  (1869). 

Hydrangea  japonica  Siebold  in  Nov.  Act.  Acad-  Leop.-Carol.  XIV.  pt.  ii.  689 

{Syn.  Hydrang.)  (1829). 
Hydrangea  opuloides,  var.  Hortensia  Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  322  (1893). 
Hortensia  opuloides  Lsi.mavck,  Encycl.  III.  136  (1789).  —  Jacquin,  Fragm.  Bot. 

7,  t.  3  (1800). 
Hortensia  japonica  Gmelin,  Syst.  II.  722  (1791).  —  Zorn,  Auswahl  Schon.  Gew. 

III.  58,  t.  149  (1796). 
Hydrangea  hortensis  Smith,  Icon.  Pict.  t.  12  (1792).  —  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XIII. 

t.  438  (1799).  —  Savi,  Fl.  Ital.  III.  65,  t.  110  (1824). 


38  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Hortensia  mutabilis  Schneevoogt,  Icon.  PL  Rar.  36  t.  (1793). 

Hortensia  speciosa  Targioni-Tozzetti  in  Ann.  Imp.  Mus.  Firenze,  I.  Obs.  Bot. 

36,  t.  2  (1808). 
Hydrangea  Hortensia  Siebold  in  Nov.  Act.  Acad.  Leop.-Carol.  XIV.  pt.  ii,  688 

(Syn.  Hydrang.)  (1829). 
Hydrangea  japonica,  y  Hortensia  Regel  in  Gartenfl.  XV.  290  (1866). 
Hydrangea  Hortensia,  e  Hortensia  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PUers- 

bourg,  b6t.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  14  (1867). 
Hydrangea  hortensis,  var.  Hortensia  Rehder  in  Bailey  Cycl.  Am.  Hort.  II.  785 
(1900). 
Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  7385  with  all  the  flowers  sterile).    Szech'uan:  Nan- 
ch'uan,  August  24,  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  602  with  all  the  flowers  sterile); 
Shi-tsu-kou,  July  27,  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  75,  without  flowers). 

No.  7385  of  Henry  and  No.  602  of  Rosthorn  represent  the  form  with  all  the 
flowers  sterile,  Uke  the  well-known  garden  forms.    As  long  as  the  form  with  fertile 
flowers  has  not  been  collected  in  a  wild  state  in  western  China,  its  spontaneous 
occurrence  must  remain  doubtful.    So  far  no  European  collector  has  ever  seen  and 
collected  it  wild  in  these  regions  and  the  notes  of  the  native  collector  who  gathered 
the  plants  for  A.  von  Rosthorn  must  be  taken  with  some  caution. 
Subsect.  2.   HETEROMALLAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 
Piptopetalae  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  s6t.  7,  X.  No. 
XVI.  8  (in  part)  (1867). 
This  subsection  is  chiefly  characterized  by  the  partly  superior  ovary  with  3-4 
styles  and  by  the  seeds  with  a  wing  on  each  end.    The  inflorescence  is  strongly 
convex  with  remote  ramifications  and  sometimes  paniculiform;  the  fertile  flowers 
are  white  in  the  Chinese  species  and  the  petals  drop  before  the  opening  of  the 
anthers.     The  petioles  do  not  exceed  5  cm.  in  length. 

7.  Hydrangea  paniculata  Siebold.     See  p.  25. 

8.  Hydrangea  hypoglauca  Rehder.     See  p.  26. 

9.  Hydrangea  xanthoneura  Diels.     See  p.  26. 

10.  Hydrangea  pubinervis  Rehder.     See  p.  27. 

11.  Hydrangea  Bretschneideri  Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  320  (1893).  — 
Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XII.  121  (1903). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  1.  390,  fig.  250  h-1,  251  a-b  (1905). 

Hydrangea  pubescens?  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  IX.  472 
(Ind.  Fl.  Pekin.)  (nom.  nudum,  not  Decaisne)  (1859).  —  Koehne,  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  189  (1893). 
Hydrangea  vestita,  var.  pubescens  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, X.  No.  XVI.  10  (excl.  synon.  Decaisne)  (1867). —  Sargent  in  Gard. 
and  For.  III.  17,  fig.  3  (1S90). 
Hydrangea  aspera  Zabel  m  Gartenfl.  XXXVIII.  461  (not  Don)  (1889). 
Hydrangea  pekinensis  Hort.,  synon.  ex  Dippel,  I.  c. 
Hydrangea  vestita  Hort.,  synon.  ex  Dippel,  I.  c. 
Chili:  near  Pekin  (ex  Maximowicz).     In  cultivation;   originally  raised   from 
seed  collected  by  Dr.  Bretschneider  near  Pekin  and  sent  to  the  Arnold  Arboretum 
(Koehne,  Herb.  Dendr.  No.  4070). 

I  do  not  see  any  reason  to  doubt  the  identity  of  Bretschneider's  plant  with  the 
H.  vestita,  var.  pubescens  Maximowicz;  the  description  of  the  latter  agrees  exactly 
with  the  form  cultivated  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  which  shows  a  much  denser 
pubescence  than  Koehne's  No.  4070.  The  true  H.  heteromalla  Don  (H.  vestita 
Wallich)  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  dense  white  tomentum  of  the  under  side  of 
the  leaves  and  their  fimbriately  denticulate  margin. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  HYDRANGEA  39 

Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  lancifolia  Rehder.    See  p.  28. 

Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  Giraldii  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Hydrangea  Giraldii  Dials  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  373  (1900). 
I  am  not  able  to  separate  H.  Giraldii  specifically  from  H.  Bretschneideri;  it  seems 
to  differ  only  in  narrower  leaves  gradually  narrowed  into  the  petiole  and  in  the  paler 
color  of  the  bark.  In  the  shape  of  the  leaves  it  resembles  H.  xanthoneura,  var. 
Wilsonii  Rehd.  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  leaves  being  glabrous  or  nearly 
so  beneath. 

Northern  Shensi:  T'ai-pa-shan,  December  1893,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1169!  No. 
1172  ex  Diels);  Huan-tou-shan,  Ki-shan,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1167,  1171  ex  Diels); 
Tue-lian-pin,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1168). 

12.  Hydrangea  mandarinoriim  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  372  (1900). 
Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1932  in  Herb.  Christiania). 
Diels  places  this  species  in  the  section  Petalanthae,  but  it  does  not  differ  in  the 

structure  of  its  flowers  from  H.  heteromalla  Don  and  its  allies. 

Subsect.  3.   ASPERAE  Rehder,  n.  subsect. 

Piptopetalae  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  X.  No.  XVI.  8 
(in  part)  (1867). 
This  subsection  is  chiefly  characterized  by  the  inferior  ovary  developing  into  a 
hemispheric  or  turbinate  capsule  truncate  at  the  apex.  The  seeds  have  a  wing 
on  each  end;  the  styles  are  usually  2;  the  petals  fall  off  before  the  stamens  are  fully 
developed,  sometimes  as  a  whole  by  cohering  at  the  apex.  The  petioles  sometimes 
attain  20  cm.  in  length. 

13.  Hydrangea  Sargentiana  Rehder.     See  p.  29. 

14.  Hydrangea  longifolia  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXV.  91  {Fl.  Mont. 
Formos.)  (1908). 

Formosa:  Taitou,  Torokusha,  T.  Kawakami  &  G.  Nakahara  (No.  690,  ex  Hayata) . 

15.  Hydrangea  Kawakamii  Hayata,  I.  c.  90,  t.  8  (1908). 

Formosa:  Mt.  Morrison,  alt.  2300  m.,  T.  Kawakami  &-U .  Mori  (No.  1875, 
ex  Hayata). 

16.  Hydrangea  villosa  Rehder.     See  p.  29. 
Hydrangea  villosa,  var.  strigosior  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  strigosior  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  375  (1900). 

Szech'uan:  Tsaku-lao,  Wei-kuan,  August  20,  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2546). 
Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  2473);  August  1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1473^,  with  sterile  flowers). 

Differs  from  the  type  by  its  less  villous  tomentum.  Branchlets  usually  only 
appressed  strigose  with  fulvous  hairs  at  the  nodes;  petioles  hirsute  with  fulvous 
hairs  interspersed;  leaves  hirsute- villose  beneath,  the  hairs  on  the  veins  scarcely 
longer  and  not  fulvous. 

17.  Hydrangea  fulvescens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  circa  1  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  parce  strigosis  pilis  patentibus 
rufescentibus  intermixtis,  vetustioribus  griseo-brunneis  peridermate  solubili. 
Folia  membranacea,  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  sub- 
cordata,  irregulariter  serrata  serraturis  triangularibus  acuminatis  plerumque 
curvatis,  9-13  cm.  longa  et  4.5-8.5  cm.  lata,  supra  flavo-viridia,  strigosa,  in  costa 
venisque  densius  strigosa,  subtus  pallidiora  dense  hirtello-strigosa  in  costa  media 
venisque  pilis  longis  hirtis  fulvis  praedita,  utrinsecus  7-9-costata;  petioli  graciles, 
pilis  hirtis  et  interdum  strigosis  obsiti,  3-9  cm.  longi.  Cyma  plerumque  5-radiata, 
laxa,  strigosa  pilis  patentibus  fulvis  interspersis;  flores  radiantes  albi  sepalis  4 


40  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

orbiculato-obovatis  integris  leviter  emarginatis;  flores  fertiles  coerulescentes; 
calycis  dentes  triangulares,  vix  tubum  dimidium  aequantes;  petala  oblongo-ovata, 
circa  2  mm.  longa;  stamina  longiora  6-7  mm.  longa,  brevioribus  duplo  longiora; 
styli  2;  ovarium  inferum.    Capsulae  maturae  desiderantur. 

Szech'uan:  Wushan,  July  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1393,  type). 
Hup  eh:  A.  Hennj  (No.  5949). 

Closely  allied  to  H.  longipes  Franchet,  which  differs  in  its  tomentum  consisting 
only  of  strigose  hairs  and  in  its  white  fertile  flowers. 

IS.   Hydrangea  glabripes  Rehder.     See  p.  30. 

19.  Hydrangea  aspera  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  211  (1824). —  Clarke  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Bnt.  Ind.  II.  404  (1S78). 

Hydrangea  vestita  Wallich,  Tent.  Fl.  Nepal,  t.  49,  fig.  5-8  (in  part,  excl.  fig.  1-4 

and  flowering  branch)  (1826). 
Hydrangea  vestita  Wallich,  var.  fimbriata  WaUich,  Cat.  No.  440  B.  (nomen  nu- 
dum) (1828).  —  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  IV.  14  (1830). 
Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9208). 

This  is  the  only  Chinese  specimen  I  have  seen  which  I  can  refer  to  the  typical 
H.  aspera.  The  capsules,  however,  are  smaller  than  in  the  type  and  have  partly  2 
and  partly  3  styles.  The  variety  described  by  Pampanini  as  H.  aspera,  var.  cordata 
(in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  283,  [1910]),  based  on  Nos.  835,  835^  of 
C.  Silvestri  from  Ou-tan-shan,  western  Hupeh,  probably  does  not  belong  to  H.  aspera 
nor  to  H.  strigosa,  but  as  I  have  seen  no  specimens  and  the  description  given  is  too 
brief,  I  am  not  able  to  place  it. 

Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  velutina  Rehder.     See  p.  30, 

Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  scabra  Rehder.     See  p.  31. 

20.  Hydrangea  strigosa  Rehder.     See  p.  31. 

21.  Hydrangea  Rosthomii  Diels.     See  p.  33. 

22.  Hydrangea  longipes  Franchet.     See  p.  33. 

Hydrangea  longipes,  var.  lanceolata  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII. 
274  (1887). 
Hupeh:  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  1786,  type).     Szech'uan:  Changyang,  June 
1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1150). 

23.  Hydrangea  integrifolia  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXII.  131  {Enum- 
PL  Formos.)  (1906). 

Formosa:  on  rocks,  Taitou,  U.  Faurie  (No.  105  ex  Hayata). 

24.  Hydrangea  Integra  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sd.  Tokyo,  XXV.  90,  t.  7  (Fl. 

Mont.  Formos.)  (1908). 

Formosa:  Mt.  Morrison,  T.  Kavoikami  &  U.  Mori  (No.  1723  ex  Hayata). 

Sect.  II.  CALYPTRANTHE  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
X.  No.  XVI.  16  (1867). 

This  section  is  well  characterized  by  the  compressed  seeds  having  a  narrow  wing 
all  around,  by  the  climbing  habit,  the  branchlets  affixing  themselves  by  means  of 
rootlets,  by  the  brown  partly  evanescent  pith  of  the  one  year  old  branchlets  and  by 
the  petals  being  thrown  off  as  a  whole  by  the  extending  stamens.  The  falling  off 
as  a  whole  of  the  petals  occurs  also  occasionally  in  the  section  Asperae,  which 
hardly  differs  from  Calyptranthe  in  the  structure  of  the  flowers  and  also  contains  a 
few  climbing  species. 

25.  Hydrangea  anomala  D.  Don.     See  p.  34. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  SCHIZOPHRAGMA  41 

26.  Hydrangea  petiolaris  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  106,  t.  54  (1835).  — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubhohk.  I.  393,  fig.  252  a-i  (1905). 

Hydrangea  cordifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  I.  c.  113,  t.  59,  fig.  2  (1835). 

Hydrangea  bracteata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  I.  c.  176,  t.  92  (1835). 

Hydrangea  scandens  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  s6r.  7,  X. 

No.  XVI.  16  (1867). 
Hydrangea  tiliaefoUa  L6veil\6  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VIII.  282  (1910). 
Korea:  Quelpaert,  U.  Faurie  (Nos.  358,  1654),  T.  Taquet  (Nos.  809,  2884). 
Faurie's  Nos.  358  and  1654  and  Taquet's  No.  809  are  the  type  numbers  of  L6- 
veill^'s  H.  tiliaefoUa,  which  is  undistinguishable  from  H.  petiolaris. 

The  following  three  Chinese  species  from  Kwei-chau  recently  described  by  L4- 
veille  I  am  not  able  to  place,  as  I  have  seen  no  specimens,  and  the  descriptions  are 
too  incomplete  for  recognition. 

Hydrangea  Maximowiczii  L6veilld  in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bat.  XII.  114 

(1903). 
Hydrangea  Kamienskii  Leveill(5,  I.  c.  115. 
Hydrangea  Arbostiana  Leveille,  I.  c.  115. 
The  first  resembles  in  its  short  stamens  H.  Lobbii  Maximowicz,  but  differs  in  its 
tomentose  pubescence,  the  second  is  closely  related  apparently  to  H.  heteromalla 
Don,  but  has  lanceolate  petals,  while  the  third  may  belong  either  to  the  Peta- 
lanthae  or  to  the  Heteromallae,  the  description  of  the  seeds  as  "imperfecte  ob- 
longa"  may  mean  that  they  are  winged  or  wingless. 


SCHIZOPHRAGMA  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Schizophragma  integrifolium  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1934 
(1890). 

Schizophragma  hydrangeoides,  var.  integrifolium  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus. 

Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  266  (1885);  PL  David.  II.  44  (1888.) 
Schizophragma  Fauriei  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXII.  131.  (Enum.  PL 

Formos.)  (1906.) 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin  (type  locality),  rocky  places,  cliffs, 
alt.  1600-1800  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  io68),  Nov.,  1908 
(No.  1251,  fruiting  specimen),  alt.  1800-2300  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4339);  Wa-shan,  rocky  places,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August,  1908  (No. 
1 194);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  1200- 
2100  m.,  Aug.,  1908  (No.  2568);  without  locality,  cliffs,  alt.  1400  m., 
June  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3562).  Formosa:  Mt.  Taitou, 
U.  Faurie  (No.  104,  ex  Hayata). 

A  very  variable  species;  the  typical  form  which  is  represented  by  the  plant  of 
western  Szech'uan  is  characterized  by  large  and  broad  leaves,  generally  ovate,  and 
subcordatc  at  the  base,  of  firm,  sometimes  subcoriaceous  texture,  entire  or  only 
sparingly  denticulate  near  the  apex,  glabrous  and  green  beneath  and  more  or  less 
reticulate.  All  the  specimens  quoted  above  belong  to  this  form  except  Faurie's 
No.  104  from  Formosa,  which  I  have  not  seen;  it  may  represent  a  form  differenc 


42  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

from  any  of  the  following  four  varieties.  No.  4339  has  the  petioles  and  the  leaves 
slightly  pubescent  beneath,  and  may  be  considered  a  transition  to  the  following 
variety. 

Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  moUe  Rehder,  n.  var, 

Differt  a  typo  foliis  subtus  dense  et  molliter  pubescentibus  petiolis 
1.5-6  cm.  longis,  villosis  cyma  laxe  pubescente.  Sepala  florum  ste- 
rilium  ovata,  basi  rotundata,  acutiuscula,  5-8  cm.  longa,  3-5  cm.  lata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  1600-1800  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  1251,  in  part,  flowering  specimen  only);  Mupin,  cliffs,  alt. 
1800  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1251,  in  part,  flowering  specimen). 

Strikingly  different  from  the  type  in  the  dense  and  soft  tomentum  of  the  under 
side  of  the  leaves,  which  otherwise  in  texture,  size  and  shape  resemble  closely  those 
of  the  typical  form. 

Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  denticulatum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Differt  a  typo  foliis  membranaceis  vel  fere  chartaceis,  ovato-oblongis 
vel  ovatis,  basi  rotundatis,  acuminatis,  minuto-dentatis  vel  denticu- 
latis  basi  excepta,  10-15  cm.  longis  et  5.5-9  cm.  latis,  concoloribus,  sub- 
tus ad  venas  laxe  et  ad  venulas  sparse  pilosis,  petiolis  glabrescentibus, 
3-7  cm.  longis.  Sepala  florum  sterilium  ovato-oblonga  basi  late 
cuneata,  4-6  (-8)  cm.  longa  et  2-3  (-4)  cm.  lata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  1200  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2563);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  rocky  places,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  November,  July  and  August  1907  (Nos.  572,  2566,  2567); 
Changyang  Hsien,  rocks,  sunny  places,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  April  and 
July  1907  (No.  2564);  South  Wushan,  cliffs,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  and 
September  1907  (No.  2565);  Fang  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1800-2100  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4462);  without  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1065),  July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1320);  Patung,  July 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1158).  Kiangsi:  Kuling,  common  among 
rocks,  alt.  900  m.,  August  1907  (No.  1727). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  thinner,  dentate  or  denticulate  leaves,  slightly  pu- 
bescent on  the  veins  beneath  or  sometimes  glabrous.  In  the  No.  2563  which  I 
consider  the  type  of  this  variety  and  also  in  No.  4462  the  leaves  are  sinuately 
dentate,  while  in  all  the  others  they  are  merely  denticulate. 

Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  glaucescens  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  chartaceis,  ovatis  v.  oblongo-ovatis,  basi 
rotundatis  v.  late  cuneatis,  integris,  8-12  cm.  longis  et  3.5-7  cm. 
latis,  supra  laete  viridibus,  subtus  glaucescentibus  glabris  sed  in 
axillis  barbatis;  sepalis  florum  sterilium  oblongis  acutiusculis,  basi 
cuneatis,  3.5-5  cm.  longis  et  1-2  cm.  latis. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DICHROA  43 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  2569). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  thinner  and  smaller  leaves  glaucescent  beneath, 
sometimes  nearly  oblong  in  outline  and  in  its  smaller  sterile  flowers. 

To  complete  the  enumeration  of  the  Chinese  Schizophragmas,  the  following 
varieties  and  species  which  are  not  represented  in  the  recent  Wilson  collection 
are  appended  here. 

Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  minus  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  membranaceis,  ovatis,  v.  subcordatis,  integris  v.  fere  integris, 
minoribus,  tantum  8-10  cm.  longis  et  5.5-6.5  cm.  latis,  supra  flavo-viridibus,  subtus 
pallidioribus,  sepalis  florum  sterilium  oblongo-ovatis,  acutiusculis,  basi  cuneatis, 
3-3.5  cm.  longis  et  1-1.5  latis. 

Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  5965,  type);  South  Washan,  wet  place,  June  1900, 
E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1065). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  smaller  and  thinner  leaves  and  much  smaller  sterile 
flowers. 

Schizophragma  hypoglaucum  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  radicibus  scandens.  FoUa  chartacea,  oblongo-ovata,  manifeste  acumin- 
ata, basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  integerrima,  8-15  cm.  longa  et  3.5-6.5  lata, 
supra  obscure  viridia  glabra,  subtus  glauca  (sub  microscopio  dense  papillosa), 
glabra  axillis  barbatis  exceptis.  Cyma  fere  glabra;  tubus  calycis  glaber;  sepala 
florum  sterilium  oblonga  vel  anguste  oblonga,  basi  cuneata,  apice  obtusa,  subtus 
glaucescentia  et  papillosa,  3-5  cm.  longa  et  7-17  mm.  lata. 

Szech'uan :   Mt.  Omei,  July  1904,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4885). 

In  the  shape  and  smoothness  of  the  leaves  it  resembles  much  S.  integrifolium,  var. 
glaucescens  Rehder  which  has  the  leaves  glaucescent  beneath,  but  the  species  is 
easily  distinguished  by  the  intensely  glaucous  color  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves 
and  particularly  by  the  papillae  which  are  entirely  wanting  in  that  variety,  also 
by  the  dark  green  upper  side,  the  glabrous  caly:x-tube  and  the  obtuse  sepals  of  the 
sterile  flowers.  It  is  so  strikingly  different  from  typical  S.  integrifolium  that  it  is 
hardly  advisable,  though  the  variety  glaucescens  seems  to  represent  a  connecting 
link,  to  consider  it  a  variety  of  that  species,  particularly  as  the  papillosity  of  the 
under  side  of  the  leaves  affords  a  good  morphological  character  for  separation. 

Schizophragma  hydrangeoides  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.,  I.  59,  t.  26. 
(1835).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk  I.  393,  fig.  252  a-i  (1905). 

Hydrangea  Taquetii  L4veill6,  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VIII.  282  (1910). 

Korea:   Quelpaert,  T.  Taquet  (Nos.  807,808,2885). 

So  far  as  I  know  S.  hydrangeoides  has  never  been  reported  from  Korea  before. 
Taquet's  No.  807  and  808  represent  the  type  of  Hydrangea  Taquetii  Leveill4. 

DICHROA  Lour. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Dichroa f ebrifuga  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  301  (1790).  — Hemsley  in 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  275  (1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  ravines,  alt.  1-500  m.,  June  1907  (No. 


44  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

2956).  Western  Szech'uan:  Chang-yang,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  1174);  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4890).  Fokien, 
Kwangtung  and  Hong  Kong  (ex  Hemsley). 

ITEA  L. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Itea  ilicifolia  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVI.  t.  1538  (1886). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  abundant,  alt.  300-900  m.,  June,  Sep- 
tember and  November  1907  (No.  325,  in  part);  April  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  144).  Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  cliffs,  alt. 
900  m.,  July  1908  (No.  325,  in  part). 

RIBES  L. 

Determined  by  Ed.  Janczewski. 

Ribes  himalayense  Decaisne,  a  glandulosum  Janczewski  in  Bull. 
Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.  1910,  69. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  rocky  places,  alt. 
2100-2550  m.,  June  1908  (No.  999);  Mupin,  woodland,  1800-2400  m., 
July  1908  (Nos.  799,  1800). 

Ribes  himalayense,  7  urceolatum  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie 
Sci.  Nat.  1910,  69. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2250  m.,  September 
1907  (No.  317). 

Ribes  Meyeri  Maximowicz,  a  tanguticum  Janczewski,  Monogr. 
GroseilU  299  (1907). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August  1908  (No.  803);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt. 
1800-2100  m.,  August  1908  (No.  896). 

Ribes  moupinense  Franchet,  yS  tripartitum  (BataHn)  Janczewski, 
Monogr.  Groseill.  300  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  1802),  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  May  26,  1907  (No.  1803). 

Ribes  moupinense,  7  laxiflorum  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie 
Sci.  Nat.  1910,  70. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  822);  Ta  Hsing-ling,  Ching  Chi  Hsien,  among  rocks,  alt.  1800- 

»  Monographic  des  Groseilliers,  originally  published  in  Mem.  Sci.  Phys.  Genhe, 
XXXV. 


SAXIFKAGACEAE.  —  RIBES  45 

2100  m.,  May  1908  (No.  1797);  Chin  Ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2400  m., 
May  23,  1908  (No.  iSoi). 

Ribes  longeracemosum  Franchet,  a  Davidii  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.  1910,  71. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta  Hsiang-ling,  Ching  Chi  Hsien,  alt.  2100 
m..  May  1908  (No.  898);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  898,  in  part);  Ching  Chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2700-3000  m., 
September  15,  1908  (No.  929);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2400  m., 
June  1908  (No.  1798). 

Ribes  longeracemosum,  /3  Wilsonii  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.  1910,  71. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands  and  thickets,  alt.  1500- 
2400  m..  May  27,  August  and  September  1907  (No.  280). 

Ribes  alpestre  Decaisne,  a  commime  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.  1910,  72. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2550  m.,  May, 
July  and  September  1907  (No.  277). 

Ribes  alpestre,  /3  giganteum  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci. 
Nat.  1910,  72. 

Western  Szech'uan:  common  hedge-plant  around  Tachien-lu, 
alt.  2400-3350  m.,  July  9  and  26,  1908  (No.  836). 

Ribes  pulchellum  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Moscou,  V.  191 
(1832). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  among 
rocks,  alt.  2400  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1246);  near  Mongkong  Ting, 
side  of  streams,  alt.  2700  m.,  June  27,  1908  (No.  1789). 

Ribes  Vilmorinii  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.,  1906, 
290. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2700  m.,  September  15,  1908  (No.  913)- 

Ribes  humile  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.,  1910,  73. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  on  rocks, 
alt.  2100  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1788). 

Ribes  tenue  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.,  1906,  p. 
290. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  rocky  places,  alt.  1800  m.,  July 


46  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

1908  (No.  823);  Ching  Ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  May  25,  1900 
(No.  1794);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m., 
June  20,  1908  (No.  1795).  Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1200  m.,  May  1907  (No.  38);  Tatung  Hsien,  rocky  places, 
alt.  1500  m.,  July  1907  (No.  90). 

Ribes  glaciale  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  II.  513  (1824). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2250  m.,  May  18  and 
September  1907  (No.  180,  forma  sepalis  angustis);  Patung  Hsien,  cliffs, 
alt.  1200  m.,  April  1907  (No.  1790);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  com- 
mon, alt.  1580  m.,  May  26,  1907  (No.  1791,  forma  sepalis  latioribus). 

Ribes  glaciale,  /3  glandulosum  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie 
Sci.  Nat.,  1910,  74. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  side  of  streams  in  thickets,  alt. 
1800  m..  May  15,  1907  (Nos.  1792,  1793). 

Ribes  luridum  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Sac.  II.  87 
(1858). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets  and  cliffs,  alt.  1200  m., 
May  and  July  1907  (No.  100). 

Ribes  acuminatum  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  II.  514  (1824). 
Western  Szech'uan:    Chin-ting-shan,    alt.    1800-2400    m.  (No. 
1796). 

Ribes  Maximowiczii  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  487  (1890). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  September 
1908  (No.  870);  Chin-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2250  m..  May  23, 
1908  (No.  958);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  1800-2250  m.,  August  1908  (No. 
958,  in  part). 

Ribes  Franchetii  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat.,  1909, 
64,  figs.  3,  4. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m..  May 
19,  28  and  August  1907  (No.  73  in  part),  September  1907  (No.  191); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cUffs  and  woods,  alt.  2250  m.,  May  3,  1907  (No. 
73,  in  part). 

Ribes  laurifolium  Janczewski  in  Bull.  Acad.  Cracovie  Sci.  Nat., 
1910,  79,  fig.  6. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  rocks,  rare,  alt.  2300  m.,  Septem- 
ber 1908  (No.  817). 


ROSACEAE. 

SORB  ARIA  A.  Br. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Sorbaria  arborea  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  I.  490,  fig.  297 
(1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
July  and  October  1907  (No.  499'');  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1500-1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2741);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500- 
2100  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2742);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
1500-1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2743);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1500-2400  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2743^).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin, 
woodlands,  alt.  1500-2400  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1235,  in  part); 
Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2200  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2745). 

This  variable  species  is  most  nearly  related  to  S.  Lindleyana  Maximowicz  from 
which  it  differs  in  its  longer  stamens,  two  or  three  times  as  long  as  the  petals,  in 
the  shorter  caljrx-tube  and  in  the  leaflets  being  cuneate  at  the  base  and  covered 
beneath  with  a  fasciculate  floccose  tomentum  or  glabrous  in  one  variety. 

Sorbaria  arborea,  var.  subtomentosa  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subtus  tomento  fasciculato  densiore  usque  ad 
maturitatem  persistente  vestitis,  argute  minuteque  biserrulatis, 
venis  magis  congestis  circa  2  mm.  tantum  distantibus,  inflorescentia 
dense  floccosa,  densiore,  ramis  adscendentibus,  floribus  majoribus, 
petalis  3  mm.  longis,  carpellis  pubescentibus  vel  glabris. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1800-3100  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1235,  fruiting  specimen, 
type);  Ta  Hsing-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2200  m., 
August  1908  (No.  2744,  flowers) ;  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4474). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  denser  persistent  tomentum  of  the  under  side  of 
the  leaves,  their  more  closely  set  veins,  2  mm.  apart,  while  in  the  type  they  are  3-4 
mm.  apart,  and  in  the  more  densely  tomentose  inflorescence.  In  the  type  speci- 
men the  follicles  are  sparingly  pubescent,  while  in  the  flowering  specimen  they  are 
quite  glabrous;  therefore  these  two  specimens  may  possibly  represent  two  dis- 
tinct forms,  but  in  fohage  they  are  exactly  alike. 

47 


48  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Sorbaria  arborea,  var.  glabrata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  glabris  subtus  tantum  in  axillis  barbatis  v. 
interdum  ad  costam  mediam  minute  puberulis,  panicula  glabra  v. 
tantum  in  parte  inferiore  tomento  floccoso  cito  deciduo  vestita. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
July  and  October  1907  (No.  499).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  South 
Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  6245).  Western  Szech'uan:  West  of. 
Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4475); 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2500  m.,  Septem- 
ber 1910  (No.  4476) ;  around  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2400-2700  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4477);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2400-2700  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4340). 

Differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  glabrous  foliage.  The  Hupeh  plant,  which 
I  consider  as  representing  the  type  of  this  variety,  has  the  leaves  generally  oblong- 
lanceolate  to  lanceolate,  the  inflorescence  narrower  with  ascending  branches  and 
the  stamens  sometimes  nearly  three  times  as  long  as  the  petals,  while  the  Szech'uan 
form  has  the  leaflets  generally  oblong-ovate  or  oval-ovate,  the  inflorescence  loose 
with  spreading  branches  and  the  stamens  less  than  twice  as  long  as  the  petals. 
No.  4340  differs  again  in  the  more  closely  set  veins  of  the  leaflets,  resembling  in 
this  respect  the  var.  subtomentosa. 


RUBUS  L. 

Determined  by  W.  O.  Focke. 
Subgen.  DALIBARDA 

Rubus  Fockeanus  S.  Kurz  in  Jour.  As.  Soc.  Bengal,  XLIV.  pt.  II. 
206  (1875).  —  Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  16  {Spec.  Ruh.)  (1910). 
Rubus  loropetalus  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  203  (1890). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alpine  regions,  alt.   3300-3700 
m.,  September  1908  (No.  1002). 

Rubus  loropetalus  can  not  be  distinguished  with  certainty  in  the  herbarium 
from  R.  Fockeanus. 

Subgen.  CYLACTIS 

Rubus  simplex  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  X.  t.  1948  (l^M);  in  Bibl- 
Bot.  LXXII.  28  (Spec.  Ruh.)  (1910). 

1^,1 '>        Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  September 
1907  (No.  282). 


ROSACEAE.  —  RUBUS  49 

Rubus  xanthocarpus  Bureau  and  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  46 
(1891).  —  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  29  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  Valley,  Mao-chou,  stony  places,  alt. 
1200-2700  m.,  May  and  August  1908  (No.  8o6). 

Subgen.  DALIBARDASTRUM 

Rubus  tricolor  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  40  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 

Rubus  polytrichus  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  203  (not  Progel  in  1882)  (1890). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  July 
and  September  1908  (No.  828). 

Subgen.  MALACHOBATUS 
Rubus  hupehensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  t.  1816  (1889). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  June  and 
July  1908  (No.  99). 

I  formerly  was  unable  to  find  clear  distinctions  in  the  descriptions  of  R.  Swinhoei 
Hance  and  R.  hupehensis;  therefore  I  combined  the  two  species.  Now  I  think, 
however,  that  there  are  constant  characters  by  which  the  two  plants  can  be  dis- 
tinguished. R.  Swinhoei  is  evergreen,  whereas  R.  hupehensis  seems  to  have  de- 
ciduous leaves. 

Rubus    Henryi    Hemsley  &  Kuntze  in    Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII. 
231  (1887).  —  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  43  {Spec.  Ruh.)  (1910). 
Rubus  bambusarum  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  text  to  t.  1952  (1891). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  June  and  August  1907  (No.  48);  Changyang  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  June  and  July  1907  (No.  76). 

Ternate  and  simply  trifid  leaves  occur  on  the  same  branches  of  Mr.  Wilson's 
specimens.    This  shows  that  R.  bambusarum  cannot  be  separated  from  R.  Henryi. 

Rubus  Playfairianus  Hemsley  (in  sched.,  nom.  mutat.)  apud 
Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  45  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  common  around  Ichang,  alt.  300-900  m..  May 
and  June  1907  (No.  4).  Western  Szech'uan:  Ta  Hsing-hng,  Ching 
Chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  300-900  m..  May  1908  (No.  4''). 

Rubus  chroosepalus  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1952  (1891);  in 
Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  51  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 


50  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  thickets  around  Ichang,  alt.  300-900  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  79). 

Rubus  fusco-rubens  Focke,  n.  sp. 

Affinis  R.  assamensi  Focke  sed  foliis  longius  petiolatis  cordatis 
facillime  distinguendus.  Rami  et  petioli  tomentoso-pubescentes, 
aculeis  falcatis  mediocribus  et  parvis  instructi.  Petioli  fere  4  cm, 
longi;  folia  e  basi  lata  cordata  ovato-lanceolata,  diam.  10.5  cm., 
acuminata,  fundo  palmato-quinquenervia,  praeterea  utrinque  fere 
4-5-costulata,  margine  repando-sinuata,  serrulata,  supra  in  nervis 
solum  pilosa,  subtus  cano-tomentosa;  stipulae  fugaces.  Inflores- 
centia  extraaxillaris,  sicut  in  R.  assamensi  et  R.  chroosepalo;  bracteae 
in  lacinulas  lineares  fissae;  pedicelli  et  calyces  glanduliferi;  sepala 
interne  glabriuscula,  cum  disco  fusco-rubentia;  carpophorum  fundo 
pilorum  strictorum  densissimorum  cingulo  circumdatum.  Fructus 
nigri. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  May  and 
July  1907  (No.  3025). 

Rubus  Gentilianus  L^veille  &  Vaniot  in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern. 
Geogr.  Bot.  XI.  99  (1902).  —  Focke  in  BM.  Bot.  LXXII.  53  {Spec. 
Ruh.)  (1910). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  June  and  Octo- 
ber 1908  (No.  1127). 

Rubus  ichangensis  Hemsley  &  Kuntze  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII, 
231  (1887).  — Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  55  {Spec.  Ruh.)  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  ravines,  etc.,  alt.  600-1200 
m.,  June  and  December  1907  (No.  663);  Western  Szech'uan: 
Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1052). 

Rubus  Parkeri  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  260  (1882).  — Focke  in 
Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  67  {Spec.  Ruh.)  (1910). 

Rubus  Parkeri,  var.  longisetosus  Focke,  n.  var. 
Western  Hupeh:  thickets  around  Ichang,  alt.  300-900  m.,  April 
and  June  1907  (No.  44). 

Rubus  Parkeri,  var.  brevisetosus  Focke,  n.  var. 
Western  Hupeh:  thickets  around  Ichang,  alt.  300-900  m.,  May 
1907  (No.  3023). 


EOSACEAE.  —  RUBUS  51 

Rubus  Lambertianus  Seringe  in  De  CandoWe, Prodr.  II.  567  (1825). — 
Focke  in  Bibl  BoL  LXXII.  70  (-Spec.  Rub.).     (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300- 
1000  m.,  September  and  October  1907  (No.  482). 

Rubus  Clemens  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  105  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  "common,   alt.  600-2100 
m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  871). 

Rubus  irenaeus  Focke  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  394  (1901);  in  Bibl. 
Bot.  LXXII.  144  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1200- 
2300  m.,  July  and  September  1907  (No.  141);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  side  of 
streams  alt.  900  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3022). 

Unarmed  or  with  a  few  minute  inconspicuous  prickles. 

Rubus  Buerger!  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  36  (1867); 
Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  224  (1866-67). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hung  Ya  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  600  m.,  June  9, 
1908  (No.  3014). 

Subgen.  IDEOBATUS 

Ser.   CORCHORIFOLII 

Rubus corchorifolius  Linnaeus  i.,Suppl.  PI.  Syst.  Veget.2Qd  (1781). — 
Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  131  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300- 
1200  m.,  June  2,  1907  (No.  15). 

Rubus  trianthus  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  140,  fig.  59  (Spec. 
Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  78). 

Ser.  RosAEFOLii 

Rubus  Thunbergii  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abhand.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV. 
pt.  11.  126  (1846).  — Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  159,  fig.  68  (Spec. 
Rub.)  (1911). 


52  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rubus  Thunbergii,  var.  glabellus  Focke,  n.  var. 

Differt  a  planta  typica  Japoniae  statura  robustiore  et  ramis  foliis- 
que  parcius  pilosis. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  roadsides,  etc.,  alt. 
300-900  m..  May  and  July  1907  (No.  2);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  rocky 
places,  alt.  300-900  m..  May  and  June  1907  (No.  3019). 

Rubus  Argyi  L^veill6,  R.  talaikiaensis  L6veill^  and  R.  eustephanos  Focke,  which 
are  closely  allied  to  R.  Thunbergii,  are  well  distinguished  from  var.  glabellus. 

Ser.    PUNGENTES 

Rubus  amabUis  Focke  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  53  (1905);  in  Bihl 
Bot.  LXXII.  163,  fig.  70  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2400-3000  m.,  June  and 
August  1908  (No.  830). 

Rubus  pungens  Cambessddes  in  Jacquemont,  Voyage,  IV.  48,  t.  59 
(1844).  — Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  165  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May 
and  August  1907  (No.  72);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m..  May  16,  1907  (No.  72  in  part);  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  600-1200  m..  May  14,  1907  (No.  3021).  Western  Szech'uan: 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  May  and  June  1908  (No. 
834). 

Rubus  pileatus  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  text  to  t.  1952,  p.  3 
(1891);  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  167  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Was-su  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1800-2500  m.,  July  and  August  1908  (No.  813);  Wa-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  2100  m.,  September  1908  (No.  858=^);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  clear- 
ings, alt.  1800-2500  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  858'^);  Pan- 
lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
3018). 

Rubus  pileatus,  var.  foliolis  subtus  cano-tomentosis. 
Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-Chi  Hsien,  uplands,  alt.  2400-3000 
m.,  September  15,  1908  (No.  858). 

Rubus  lasiostylus  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1951  (1891);  in 
Bibl  Bot.  LXXII.  167  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 


ROSACEAE.  —  RUBUS  63 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  September  1907  (No.  i88). 

Rubus  lasiostylus,  var.  (v.  subsp.)  dizygos  Focke,  n.  var. 

Folia  ramorum  fertilium  multa  pinnato-quinata;  stipulae  bracte- 
aeque  angustiores  videntur;  flores  rosei. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  uplands,  alt.  1600  m.,  July  and 
September  1907  (No.  279). 

Rubus  eucalyptus  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  169  (Spec.  Rub.) 
(1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Monkong  Ting,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m., 
June  19,  1908  (No.  3016);  Chin  Ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
May  23,  1908  (No.  3017). 

This  species  belongs  with  R.  pileatus,  R.  lasiostylus  and  R.  trullissatus  in  a  pe- 
cuUar  group  characterized  by  white  woolly  fruits. 

Rubus  trullissatus,  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  169  (Spec.  Rub.) 
(1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  57)- 

Imperfectly  known.    The  plant  cannot  be  placed  under  another  species. 

Rubus  biflonis  Hamilton  ex  Smith  in  Rees,  Cyclop.  XXX.  no.  9 
(1819).  —  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  166  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Rubus  biflorus,  var.  quinqueflorus  Focke,  n.  var. 
Ramis  fertilibus  3-8-floris. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800- 
2100  m.,  July  1908  (No.  832). 

Rubus  macilentus  Cambess^des  in  Jacquemont,  Voyage,  IV.  49,  t. 
60  (1844).  — Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  166  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  roadsides,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May 
and  August  1908  (No.  850). 

Rubus  lutescens  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  206  (1889).  —  Focke  in 
Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  162,  fig.  69  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  stony 
places,  alt.  3300-3700  m.  (No.  3026). 


54  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Ser.  Idaei 

Rubus  thibetanus  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  VIII. 
221  (PL  David.  II.  39)  (1885).  —  Focke  in  Bihl  Bot.  LXXII.  179, 
fig.  74  (Spec.  Ruh.)  (1911). 

Rvbus  Veitchii  Rolfe  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1909,  258. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mao-chou,  dry  regions,  alt.  1200-1800  m.. 
May  and  August  1908  (No.  804). 

A  very  curious  plant  and  perhaps  the  type  of  a  well  marked  section.  It  resem- 
bles the  South  African  R.  Lvdwigii  Ecklon  &  Zeyher. 

Rubus  inopertus  Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  182  {Spec.  Ruh.)  (1911). 
Rubus  niveus,  subsp.  inopertus  Focke  in  Bot.  Jahrl.  XXIX.  400  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  600- 
1200  m.,  June  and  July  1907  (No.  97).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2200  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  946). 

This  Chinese  plant  seems  to  be  rather  constant,  and  looks  very  different  from 
the  tropical  R.  niveus  Thunberg  (R.  lasiocarpus  Smith,  R.  Horsfieldii  Miquel).  It 
is  therefore  reasonable  to  separate  the  two  plants  specifically,  although  there  occur 
connecting  links  in  the  Himalayas. 

Rubus  coreanus  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  34  (1867); 
Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  222  (1866-67).  — Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  184  (Spec. 
Ruh.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  300-1200  m., 
July  1907  (No.  31);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  1200  m.,  September  1907 
(No.  152). 

{  ^v^/^-t^*-'         Rubus    Kuntzeanus    Hemsley   in  Jour.   Linn.   Sac.   XXIII.   232 
(1887).  —  Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.   195  (Spec.   Ruh.)   (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300- 
1500  m.,  June  and  August  1907  (No.  92). 

Rubus  flosculosus  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  text  to  t.  1952,  p.  3 
(1891);  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  193  (Spec.  Ruh.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  June 
and  September  1907  (No.  145''). 

Rubus  flosculosus,  f.  parvifolius  Focke,  n.  forma. 
Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m., 
September  1907  (No.  145) 


ROSACE  AE.  —  ETJBUS  55 

Rubus  flosculosus  f.  laxiflorus  Focke,  n.  forma. 
Western   Szech'uan:    Tachien-lu,    alt.    1800-2400   m.,    October 
1908  (No.  1246). 

Rubus  Giraldianus  Focke  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  401  (1901);  in  Bibl 
BoL  LXXII.  194,  fig.  78  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1500-2200  ra.,  July  and  August  1908  (No.  815). 

Rubus  adenophorus  Rolfe  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  p.  382. 

Rubus  sagatus  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  198,  fig.  80  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 
Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo   Hsien,  thickets,  alt.   1200  m.,  June 
and  July  1907  (No.  81). 

Rubus  innominatus  S.  Moore  in  Jour.  BoL  XIII.  226  (1875).  — 
Focke  in  Bibl.  BoL  LXXII.  195  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Rubus  innominatus,  subsp.  plebejus  Focke,  subsp.  nov. 

Rami  petiolique  floccoso-tomentelli.  Folia  rami  fertilis  omnia 
ternata;  foliolum  terminale  fere  quadratico-suborbiculare,  diam.  fere 
5-6  cm.  Calyces  nunc  rubro-setosi,  nunc  setoso-echinati,  sepalis  post 
anthesin  fructum  involucrantibus  (sicut  in  typo);  petala  rosea  (ex 
Wilson);   ovaria  tomentosa.     Fructus  rubri. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  roadsides,  alt.  300-900  m.,  June  and 
July  1907  (No.  42). 

The  pinnate  leaves  and  narrower  leaflets  distinguish  the  typical  plant.  It  may 
be  a  variable  species,  but  it  is  at  present  impossible  to  decide  if  there  exist  clear 
limits  between  allied  forms. 

In  general  aspect  the  subsp.  ylebejus  recalls  many  common  European  brambles. 

Rubus  chiliadenus  Focke  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  text  to  t.  1952, 
p.  4  (1891);  in  Bibl  BoL  LXXII.  198  (Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  roadsides,  alt.  600  m.,  August  6,  3907 
(No.  3024). 

Rubus  pinfaensis  L^veille  &  Vaniot  in  Bull.  Soc.  Agric.  Sarthe 
1904,  5.  —  Focke  in  Bibl  BoL  LXXII.  199,  fig.  81  (Spec.  Rub.) 
(1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang  gorge,  cliffs,  alt.  300  m.,  ]\Iarch  20, 
1908  (No.  3024). 

Very  near  R.  ellipticus  Smith,  but  perhaps  specifically  distinct. 


56  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rubus  mesogaeus  Focke  in  Bot  Jahrh.  XXIX.  399  (1901) ;  in  Bihl. 
Bot.  LXXII.  204,  fig.  82  {Spec.  Rub.)  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  600- 
1200  m.,  May  and  July  1907  (Nos.  52,  71);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1200  m.,  July  1907  (No.  52^). 

Rubus  mesogaeus,  f.  floribus  roseis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1200-2400  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  1042);  south- 
east of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3013); 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2100-3300  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3015). 

Rubus  aurantiacus  Focke  in  Bihl.  Bot.  LXXII.  211  {Spec.  Rub.) 
(1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2700  m., 
September  1908  (No.  992). 

Rubus  vicarius  Focke  in  Bibl.  Bot.  LXXII.  211  {Spec.  Rub.) 
(1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  July 
and  September  1908  (No.  948). 

It  would  be  instructive  to  cultivate  these  two  forms  of  the  Idaeus-group. 


MADDENIA  Hook.  f.  &  Thorns. 
Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

Maddenia  hypoleuca  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-6-metralis;  rami  novelli  glabri  v.  pulverulento-puberuli 
V.  pubescentes  dein  saepe  glabri  fusci,  biennes  crassiusculi,  nigre- 
scenti-f usci  saepe  pulverulento-puberuli  baud  nitiduli ;  gemmae  ovatae, 
2  mm.  longae,  glabrae,  squamis  interioribus  sub  anthesi  auctis.  Stipulae 
6-13  mm.  longae,  lineares  v.  lanceolatae  v.  e  basi  orbiculari  lineari- 
caudatae,  basi  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  petioli  2-4  mm.  longi,  eglan- 
dulosi,  subtus  glabri,  supra  in  canaliculo  initio  pubescentes;  lamina  e 
basi  obtusa  v.  cordata  ovato-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  sub  anthesi  3-5.5 
cm.  longa,  1.3-1.8  cm.  lata,  demum  in  ramulis  fertilibus  5-6.5  cm. 
longa,  1.3-3.2  cm.  lata,  in  innovationibus  7.5-16  cm.  longa,  4.3-7.5 
cm.    lata,    sensim   v.    subito  acuminata,    duplicato-serrata   dentibus 


KOSACEAE.  —  MADDENIA  57 

denticulisque  argutissirae  acuminatis,  ima  basi  vcro  glandulis  non- 
nullis  stipitatis  fimbriata,  utrinque  glaberrima,  nervis  utrinsecus 
14-18,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  albicans  sed  epapillosa,  costa  venis- 
que  ochraceis  venarum  reticulo  debili  leviter  cinerascente.  Racemi 
pedunculis  3-4  cm.  longis  foliatis  initio  puberulis  v.  pubescentibus 
dein  glabratis  insidentes,  3-5  cm.  longi,  basi  2  cm.  diam.,  densiflori,  axi 
pubescente  dein  glabrato;  bracteae  calyces  baud  aequantes  v.  superi- 
ores  pedicellis  breviores,  rotundatae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  pedicelli 
4  mm.  longi  pubescenti-hirtelli;  cupula  4  mm,  longa,  basi  brevissime 
hirtella  cetemm  extus  intusque  glabra;  sepala  10  inaequalia,  longiores 
3  mm.  longa,  nulla  petaloidea;  flores  viridescentes  v.  fusco-purpura- 
scentes;  stamina  23-30  quorum  longiora  5-6  mm.  longa;  pistillum 
9  mm.  longum,  glabrum,  stylus  staminibus  vix  brevior;  flores  pistillo 
obsoleto  munitos  non  vidi.  Drupa  8  mm.  longa  5  mm.  diam.  v.  paullo 
major,  nigra;  putamen  9  :  5  : 4.5  mm.,  carina  levi  costulisque  paucis  ob- 
liquis  tenuibus  munitum,  pariete  tenui  fragili. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  1907 
(No.  2850),  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  May  10,  1907  (No.  2849);  Fang  Hsien, 
alt.  1500  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2848). ' 

Maddenia  hypoxantha  Koehne  n,  sp. 

Frutex  3-6  metralis;  ramuli  novelli  luteo-fusci  minutissime  pul- 
verulento-puberuli  sparsimque  pubescenti-hirtelli,  demum  intense 
fusci,  hirtelli,  biennes  sat  crassi,  nigricantes,  glabri;  gemmae  crasse 
ovatae,  3-4.5  mm.  longae,  squamis  ciliatis  ceterum  glabrae,  squamis 
interioribus  sub  anthesi  auctis.  Stipulae  10-20  mm.  longae,  lineares, 
glabrae,  usque  ad  medium  tenere  glanduloso-serratae ;  petioli  3-6  mm. 
longi,  eglandulosi,  adpresso-pilosi  demum  dense  hirtelli;  lamina  e  basi 
cordata  v.  in  foliis  supremis  obtusa  v.  acuta  oblonga,  suprema  ob- 
longo-lanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  sub  anthesi  4-6.5  cm.  longa,  2-3  cm. 
lata,  demum  9-16.5  cm.  longa,  3-6  cm.  lata,  sensim  v.  subito  acumi- 
nata, duplicato-serrata  dentibus  denticulisque  argutissime  acuminatis 
saepe  fiexuosis,  ima  basi  glandulis  paucis  v.  pluribus  stipitatis  glandu- 
loso-fimbriata,  supra  glabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  strigulosa 
facie  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  12-20,  supra  laete  v.  lutescenti-viridis, 
subtus   initio   pallidior   dein   lutescens    epapillosa   venarum   reticulo 

1  This  and  the  two  following  species  are  represented  also  in  Wilson's  earlier  col- 
lections by  flowering  specimens.  Maddenia  hypoleuca:  Chang-yang,  June  1901  (No. 
429  in  part).  Maddenia  hypoxantha:  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (No.  4857).  Mad- 
denia Wilsonii:  Chang-yang,  June  1901  (No.  429  in  part).       Alfred  Rehder. 


58  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

debili  intensius  colorato,  costa  nervisque  laete  ochraceis.  Racemi 
pedunculis  circ.  4  cm.  longis  foliatis  pubescentibus  insidentes,  1.5-2 
cm.  longi,  1.8  cm.  diam.  densiflori,  axi  pubescente  demum  breviter 
hirtello ;  bracteae  inf eriores  calycem  aequantes,  superiores  subbreviores, 
lanceolato-lineares,  basi  glandulis  paucis  stipitatis  munitae,  ochraceae; 
pedicelli  1-2  mm.  longi,  pubescentes;  cupula  2.7  mm.  longa,  brevis- 
sime  hirtello-puberula,  intus  glabra;  sepala  circ.  10,  inaequalia,  1.5-2.5 
mm.  longa,  extus  parce  pilosa  intus  glabra,  nulla  petaloidea;  flores 
viridescentes;  stamina  c.  26,  ad  4.5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  6  mm. 
longum,  glabrum,  stylus  stamina  parum  superans.  Drupa  9  mm. 
longa,  9  mm.  diam.,  nigra;  putamen  7:5: 3.7  mm.  ovatum  acutiuscu- 
lum,  carina  costulisque  obliquis  debilibus  munitum,  fragile. 

Western  Szech'uan,  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  1800-2700  m.. 
May  and  July  1908  (No.  909,  mixed  with  flowering  specimens  of 
M.  Wilsonii). 

Maddenia  Wilsonii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.3-3.3  m.  altus;  ramuli  novelli  dense  ochraceo-hirtello- 
tomentosi,  biennes  nigricantes  v.  intense  fusci,  glabri  vix  nitiduli;  gem- 
mae ovatae,  3  mm.  longae,  tomentosae,  squamis  interioribus  sub  an- 
thesi  auctis.  Stipulae  9-18  mm.  longae,  lanceolatae,  ochraceae,  basi 
glanduloso-fimbriatae,  in  innovationibus  interdum  oblique  cordato- 
rotundatae  ac  caudatae,  herbaceae,  magna  ex  parte  fimbriatae;  petioli 
2-7  mm.  longi,  eglandulosi,  dense  ochraceo-tomentosi;  lamina  e  basi 
acuta  V.  cordata  inverse  oblonga  v.  oblongo-oblanceolata,  in  ramulis 
florentibus  2-8  cm.  longa,  1-3.5  cm.  lata,  in  innovationibus  demum 
5-14  cm.  longa,  2.8-3.5  cm.  lata,  longe  acuminata,  inciso-duplicato- 
serrata  dentibus  denticulisque  argutissime  acuminatis  angustis,  ima 
basi  glandulis  stipitatis  fimbriata,  supra  pilis  adpressis  rigidulis  longi- 
usculis  conspersa  v.  rarius  glabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  densis- 
sime,  in  facie  laxius  v.  dense  hirto-villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  15-20, 
supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  sublutescens  v.  demum  cinereo-subfusca, 
epapillosa,  costa  nervisque  ochraceis.  Racemi  pedunculis  2.5-10 
cm.  longis  foliatis  insidentes,  2-3  cm.  longi,  2  cm.  diam.,  ovati,  densi- 
flori, axi  villoso-tomentoso;  bracteae  inf  eriores  calyces  paene  aequantes, 
superiores  pedicellis  breviores,  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  pedicelli  3.5-5 
mm.  longi,  ruf escenti-hirtello-tomentosi ;  cupula  3.5-4  mm.  longa, 
breviter  hirtella  v.  superne  glabra,  intus  glabra  v.  subglabra;  sepala 
10-12  inaequalia,  1.7-3  mm.  longa,  extus  parce  pilosa  v.  glabra,  nulla 
petaloidea;  flores  viridescentes;  stamina  29-40,  ad  5.5-6  mm.  longa; 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  59 

pistillum  c.  8-9  mm.  longum,  glabrum,  semel  vidi  pistillum  obsoletum 
stylo  subnullo  stigmate  obsolete.  Drupa  ad  9  mm.  longa  6  mm.  diam., 
ovata,  nigra.    Putamen  ut  in  praecedente. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  1500-2500  m.,  May  and  June 
1908  (No.  2851);  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  1800-2700  m.,  May 
1908  (No.  909,  mixed  with  M.  hypoxaniha).  Western  Hupeh; 
Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  April  and  July  1907  (No.  63). 

Of  the  genus  Maddenia  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  (in  Hooker  Jour.  Bot.  and  Kew 
Gard.  Misc.  VI.  381  [1854]),  only  two  species,  both  from  the  Himalayas,  are  enum- 
erated in  the  Index  Kewensis  and  its  supplements.  Wilson  found  in  China  three 
new  species  which  have  the  deciduous  and  closely  serrate  leaves  of  Maddenia, 
while  the  closely  related  Pygeum  has  persistent  entire  leaves.  These  important 
distinguishing  characters  are  not  mentioned  by  Focke  (in  Engler  and  Prantl,  Nat. 
Pflanzenfam.  III.  1,  51),  who  also  states  there  that  the  pistillate  flowers  have  two 
carpels  developing  into  two  drupes.  According  to  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  how- 
ever, their  structure  is  quite  different.  The  flowers  with  two  pistils  are  staminate, 
and  their  pistils  do  not  bear  styles,  but  a  sessile  stigma,  and  contain  only  abortive 
ovules.  The  twin-fruits  which  these  flowers  produce  attain  only  half  the  size  of  the 
normal  fruits  and  form  no  seeds.  The  normal  fruits  originate  from  perfect  flowers 
with  a  pistil  bearing  a  long  style  and  contain  one  seed,  as  only  one  of  the  two  ovules 
develops.  In  the  Chinese  species  I  have  never  found  two  pistils  in  one  flower. 
Flowers  without  exserted  styles  can  be  found  only  in  very  small  numbers,  and  as 
far  as  I  have  examined  these  flowers,  they  contain  only  one  pistil  with  a  minute 
style  and  a  rudimentary  stigma.  The  presence  of  two  pistils  must  therefore  be 
considered  as  of  less  importance  than  the  character  of  the  foliage. 

A  key  to  all  the  species  is  appended  here : 

Clavis  specienim  omnium. 

Floras  racemosi  racemis  1.5-5  cm.  longis  densifloris,  pedicellis  1-5  mm.  longis. 
Folia  subtus  haud  villosa. 

FoUa  subtus  albican tia  glaberrima      ' 1.   M.  hypoleuca. 

Folia  subtus  lutescentia  in  costa  nervisque  strigulosa.    .    .  2.   M.  hypoxantha. 
Folia  subtus  villosa. 

Folia  inciso-duplicato-serrata  dentibus  angustissimis.    ' .    .        Z.  M.  Wilsonii. 

Folia  ciliato-denticulata 4.   ilf .  himalaica.^ 

Flores  subcorymbosi  pedicellis  bipollicaribua 5.  M.  pedicellata.* 

PRUNUS    L. 

Subgen.    PADUS. 

Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

Prunus  Buergeriana  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  92  (1865) ; 
Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  24  (1866). 

*  Maddenia  himalaica  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  Jour.  Bot.  and  Kew 
Gard.  Misc.  VI.  381,  t.  12  (1854)  (descriptio  et  tabula  optimae). 

Himalayas:  Sikkim,  alt.  2400-3000  m..  May  and  August,  J.  D.  Hooker. 
»  Maddenia  pedicellata  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  318  (1878). 
India:  Mishmi  Hills,  Griffith. 


60  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Laurocerasus  Buergeriana  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  646  (1906). 

In  the  Japanese  type  the  axis  of  the  racemes  is  densely  velvety-hirtellous,  while 
it  is  minutely  velvety-puberulous  in  the  following  variety  which  may  be  described, 
as  the  species  is  new  for  the  Chinese  flora. 

Prunus  Buergeriana  var.  nudiuscula  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  8-metralis  trunco  0.3  m.  diam.;  ramuli  vetustiores  cinereo- 
nigricantes,  novelli  fusci,  glabri  v.  ima  basi  minutim  velutini.  Foli- 
orum  stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  10-13  mm.  longi,  eglandulosi,  glabri; 
lamina  subtus  in  dentibus  2  infimis  biglandulosa  glandulis  planis 
fuscis,  e  basi  cuneata  obovato-oblanceolata  v.  late  oblanceolata  (5.5-9 
cm.:  2.2-3.3  cm.),  acuminata,  argute  minutim  incumbenti-serrulata, 
supra  glabra,  subtus  glabra  v.  in  nervorum  axillis  barbulata,  mem- 
branacea  reticulo  baud  prominente,  subtus  baud  papillosa.  Racemi 
erecti  absque  pedunculo  nudo  0.5-1  cm.  longo  4-7  cm.  longi,  circ. 
20-30-flori  axi  minutim  puberulo-velutino ;  bracteae  caducae,  ignotae; 
pedicelli  1-2  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  patelliformis  vix  4  mm.  lata, 
extus  glabra,  intus  infra  medium  pilosa,  cum  sepalis  sub  fructu  per- 
sistens;  sepala  cupulae  circ.  aequilonga  triangularia,  obtusa,  margine 
vix  denticulato-glandulosa;  petala  3  mm.  longa,  rotundata;  stamina  10, 
majora  4  mm.  longa;  stylus  sepala  circ.  aequans,  ut  ovarium  glaber. 
Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  May 
20,  1907  (No.  2834). 

Prunus  venosa  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-12-metralis  trunco  0.20-0.45  m.  diam.  Ramuli  vetusti- 
ores cinereo-nigricantes  glabri,  novelli  fusci,  glabri  v.  ima  basi  minu- 
tim velutini.  Foliorum  stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  8-13  mm.  longi, 
eglandulosi,  glabri;  lamina  subtus  in  dentibus  2  infimis  biglandulosa 
glandulis  planis  majusculis  fuscis,  e  basi  late  cuneata  v.  fere  rotun- 
data sat  anguste  obovata  v.  obovato-oblanceolata  (6-11  cm.:  2.5- 
4.5  cm.),  acuminata,  breviter  argute  serrata  dentibus  latiusculis  rectis 
V.  vix  sursum  curvatis,  supra  glabra,  subtus  semper  fere  in  nervo- 
rum axillis  fasciculato-barbata,  initio  membranacea,  dein  cartilaginea, 
jam  sub  anthesi  venarum  reticulo  utraque  pagina  manifeste  promi- 
nulo,  subtus  baud  papillosa  (sub  microscopio).  Racemi  erecti,  absque 
pedunculo  0.8-1.5  cm.  longo  3-9  cm.  longi,  circ.  10-35  flori,  axi  dense 
velutino;  bracteae  caducae,  ignotae;  pedicelli  1-2.5  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
cupula  patelliformis  3.5  mm.  lata,  extus  glabra,  intus  margine  ex- 
cepto  pilosa,  sub  fructu  cum  sepalis  persistens;  sepala  cupulae  circ. 
aequilonga,   triangularia   obtusa,   crebre  denticulato-glandulosa;   pe- 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  61 

tala  vix  3  mm.  longa,  rotundata;  stamina  10,  majora  5  mm.  longa; 
stylus  sepala  circ.  aequans,  ut  ovarium  glaber.  Fructus  globosus  circ. 
6-7  mm.  diam.;  putamen  ovoideo-globosum,  paene  5  mm.  longum,  sub- 
apiculatum,  baud  compressum,  obscure  carinatum,  laeve,  pariete 
tenui  fragili. 

Western  Hupeh  :  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  May 
1907  (No.  177,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong 
to  P.  stellipila);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  May  and 
July  1907  (No.  91);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  May  (not  seen)  and  July 
1907  (No.  Qi"*) ;  Chang-yang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200  m.,  September  1907 
(No.  118,  only  a  sterile  branch  seen);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  wood- 
lands, alt.  900-1500  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2839,  as  to  sterile  branches; 
the  flowering  branches  belong  to  P.  brachypoda  var.  pseudossiori.) 

Primus  stellipila  Koehne,  n.  sp.  ~    P. 

Arbor  6-7-metralis  trunco  0.3  m.  diam.;  ramuli  vetustiores  nigro- 
fusci  glabri,  juniores  intense  fusci,  glabri.  Fohorum  stipulae  ignotae; 
petioli  9-13  mm.  longi,  eglandulosi,  glabri;  lamina  subtus  in  dentibus 
2  infimis  biglandulosa  glandulis  parvulis  planis  fuscis,  e  basi  acuta  v. 
fere  rotundata  elliptica  v.  anguste  oblonga  (4.5-10  cm.:  2-3.5  cm.), 
acuminata  v.  fere  caudata,  argutissime  serrata  dentibus  longioribus 
angustioribus  quam  in  P.  venosa  porrectis  v.  subincurvis,  supra  gla- 
bra, subtus  pilis  fasciculatis  versus  costam  densioribus  conspersa, 
cartilaginea  venarum  reticulo  jam  sub  anthesi  utraque  pagina  mani- 
feste  prominulo,  subtus  (sub  microscopio)  baud  papillosa.  Racemi 
erecti,  absque  pedunculo  brevi  circ.  4-5  cm.  longi,  axi  glabro  v.  minu- 
tissime  puberulo-velutino;  bracteae  caducae,  ignotae;  pedicelli  1-2  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  cupula  parva,  patelliformis,  extus  glabra,  intus  fundo 
pilosa,  sub  fructu  cum  sepalis  persistens;  sepala  cupulae  circ.  aequi- 
longa,  triangularia,  obtusa,  glanduloso-denticulata,  glabra;  petala 
ignota;  stamina  10  filamentis  sub  fructu  2  mm.  longis;  stylus  ignotus. 
Fructus  globosus  circ.  5  mm.  diam. ;  putamen  ovoideo-globosum  4  mm. 
longum,  acutiusculum,  baud  compressum,  validiuscule  carinatum  laeve, 
pariete  tenui  fragili. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
August  1907  (No.  177,  as  to  fruiting  branches;  the  flowering  branches 
belong  to  P.  venosa). 

Prunus  pemlata  Koehne,  n.  sp.  t 

Arbor  10-13-metrahs  trunco  0.3-0.4  m.  diam.;  ramuli  vetustiores 
intense  fusco-cinerei,  plus  minus  velutini  v.  glabri,  juniores  subfusci, 


62  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

subglabri  v.  velutini,  ut  racemorum  pedunculi  usque  ad  autumnum 
basi  squamarum  imbricatarum  involucro  7-20  mm.  longo  cincti. 
Foliorum  stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  7-12  mm.  longi,  eglandulosi,  velu- 
tini; lamina  subtus  in  dentibus  2  infimis  biglandulosa  glandulis 
majusculis  planis  fuscis,  e  basi  late  cuneata  v.  fere  rotundata  oblongo- 
obovata  oblanceolata  v.  elliptica  (6.5-11.5  cm.:  2.7-4.2  cm.),  breviter  v. 
fere  caudato-acuminata,  serrulata  dentibus  brevibus  rectis  v.  subin- 
curvis,  supra  in  nervis  velutina  ceterum  glabra,  subtus  parce,  secus 
costam  dense  breviter  hirtella,  demum  subcartilaginea  venarum  reti- 
culo  utraque  pagina  manifeste  prominulo,  subtus  (sub  microscopio) 
baud  papillosa.  Racemi  erecti,  absque  pedunculo  1-20  mm.  involu- 
crum  superante  5-6  cm.,  fructiferi  ad  10  cm.  longi,  axi  velutino;  brac- 
teae  caducae,  ignotae;  pedicelli  0.5-1.5  cm.  longi,  velutini;  cupula 
patelliformis,  vix  ultra  1  mm.  longa,  3.5  mm.  lata,  extus  glabra,  intus 
pilosa,  sub  fructu  cum  sepalis  persistens;  sepala  cupulae  circ.  aequi- 
longae,  late  triangularia,  obtusa,  margine  glandulosa,  glabra;  petala 
circ.  2  mm.  longa,  obovato-rotundata;  stamina  10,  majora  antheris 
tantum  petala  superantia;  stylus  sepala  aequans,  ut  ovarium  glaber. 
Fructus  globosus,  circ.  5  mm.  diam. ;  putamen  ovatum,  paene  5  mm. 
longum,  acutiusculum,  vix  compressum,  obscure  carinatum,  laeve, 
pariete  tenui  fragili. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800  m., 
May  1908  (No.  2842);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1800-2100  m.,  August  1908  (No.  811). 

Prunus  microbotrys  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-metralis  trunco  0.3  m.  diam.,  glaberrima,  sempervirens. 
Foliorum  stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  5  mm.  longi,  lutescentes,  eglan- 
dulosi; lamina  e  basi  eglandulosa  rotundata  v.  subito  brevissime 
contracta  ovato-oblonga  v.  late  oblonga  (6.5-9  cm.:  3-4  cm.),  infra 
medium  latiora,  caudato-acuminata,  inde  a  quarta  v.  tertia  parte  den- 
tibus brevibus  utrinque  circ.  8-12  serrata  acumine  integro,  cartila- 
ginea,  laevis,  supra  laete  viridis,  baud  nitens,  subtus  pallidior.  Ra- 
cemi axillares  erecti,  absque  pedunculo  nudo  1  cm.  longo  3.5-4  cm. 
longi,  circ.  8-16-flori;  bracteae  caducae,  ignotae;  pedicelli  2-3.5  mm. 
longi,  tenues;  anthesis  mense  octobri;  cupula  patelliformis,  vix  2 
mm.  longa,  4  mm.  lata,  extus  glabra,  intus  parce  pilosa,  sepala  inter- 
stitiis  latiusculis  sejuncta,  triangularia,  cupula  dimidio  breviora,  cili- 
ata  atque  utrinsecus  saepe  glandulas  1-2  globosas  sessiles  gerentia; 
petala  circ.  4  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata,  irregulariter  erosa;  stamina 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  63 

10-12,  antheris  tantum  petala  superantia;  ovarium  pilosiusculum; 
stylus  cupulam  vel  petala  aequans,  glaber.    Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ya-chu  Fu,  woodlands,  alt.  1200  m.,  Oc- 
tober 1908  (No.  2847). 

From  this  species  Prunus  phaeosticta  Maximowicz  differs  in  the  leaves  being 
copiously  and  minutely  punctulate  beneath  and  from  P.  spinulosa  Siebold  &  Zuc- 
carini  in  its  narrower  leaves  broadest  above  or  at  the  middle  with  nearly  spinu- 
lose  teeth  curved  forward,  in  the  branchlets  and  racemes  slightly  pilose  and  in 
the  stamens  exceeding  20  in  number;  P.  macrophylla  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  P. 
acuminata  Roemer  and  P.  Jenkinsii  Hooker  f .  differ  in  other  characters  as  well  aa 
in  the  shape  of  their  much  larger  leaves. 

Prunus  Wilsonii  (Diels  ms.)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 

Padus  Wilsonii  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  I.  69  (1905);  III. 

Handh.  Laulholzk.  I.  637  (quoad  ramos  floriferos;  excludendis  ramis  fruc- 

tiferis  qui  ad  P.  sericeam  Koehne  pertinent)  (1906). 

The  type  as  described  by  C.  K.  Schneider  differs  in  the  axis  of  the  racemes, 

the  pedicels,  the  cupula  and  the  sepals  inside  and  outside  being  short-hirtellous 

and  becoming  glabrous.     Besides,  the  petioles  are  described  as  without  glands,  the 

leaves  as  rather  remotely  serrulate,  whitish  beneath  and  the  stamens  as  nearly 

twice  as  long  as  the  petals.    I  have,  however,  after  a  comparison  with  Schneider's 

specimen,  no  doubt  that  the  following  variety  belongs  here. 

Prunus  Wilsonii,  var.  leiobotrys  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  10-metralis  trunco  0.45  m.  diam.  Racemorum  axis  pedicelli- 
que  glabri;  cupula  extus  glabra,  sed  sepala  ut  in  typo  utrinque  hirtella 
ac  ciliata.  Glandulae  1-4  rarius  petioli  apici,  saepius  laminae  ima 
basi  insidentes;  lamina  densiuscule  serrulata,  subtus  subcana.  Stamina 
petalis  dimidio  longiora  (stamina  6  mm.,  petala  4  mm.).  Ceterum 
cf.  supra  clavem  specierum. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  ravines,  rare,  alt.  900  m., 
May  7,  1907  (No.  2835);  South  Wushan,  woods,  alt.  1200  m.,  June 
(not  seen)  and  September  1907  (No.  222);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
woods,  alt.  600-1200  m.,  September  1907  (No.  127,  as  to  fruiting 
branches;  the  flowering  branches  belong  to  P.  sericea,  var.  brevifolia). 

To  this  variety  seems  to  belong:  Padus  napaulensis  (Ser.)  C.  K.  Schneider 
forma?  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  68  (1905),  collected  in  Yunnan  by  A.  Henry 
(No.  10547).  This  form  differs  from  P.  Wilsonii,  var.  leiobotrys  only  in  the  fewer 
and  shorter  hairs  on  the  under  side  of  the  leaves,  and  might  be  considered  as  in- 
termediate between  P.  napaulensis  and  P.  Wilsonii  (not  between  P.  napaulensis 
and  P.  sericea  as  Schneider  suggests),  but  in  numerous  specimens  of  P.  napaulensis 
the  leaves  are  always  glabrous  beneath. 

Prunus  sericea  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  napaulensis,  var.  sericea  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  169  (1895). 
Padus  napaulensis,  var.    sericea  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  I. 
639  (1906). 


64  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Prunus  sericea,  var.  Batalinii  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  5-metralis  (Potanin)  v.  13-22-metralis  (Wilson);  ramuli 
novelli  glabri.  Folia  e  basi  rotundata  v.  acuta  elliptica  v.  inverse 
oblonga  (in  innovationibus  9.5-13:  3-5.5  cm.,  in  ramulis  florentibus 
paullo  minora),  longitudine  latitudinem  saepe  triplam  aequante, 
durante  evolutione  subtus  insigniter  densissime  candido-sericea, 
postea  pilis  perturbatis  densis,  sed  paginam  inferiorem  baud  abscon- 
dentibus  cinereo-hirtella.  Racemorum  axes  pedicellique  tenere  brevi- 
ter  pilosi,  cupulae  glabrae,  sepala  tenere  ciliata,  ceterum  glabra;  pe- 
tala  4  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata,  vix  eroso-denticulata;  stamina  27-32, 
ad  5  mm.  longa;  stylus  sepalis  sublongior.  Fructus  16  mm.  longus, 
subglobosus,  niger;  putamen  ovatum,  12.9  mm.  longum,  8.6  mm.  diam. 
V.  10.8  mm.  longum,  8.8  mm.  diam.  laeve. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ya-chu,  April  7,  1893,  G.N.  Potanin;  Wa- 
shan,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  September  1908  (No.  222^").  Western 
Hupeh:  Pao-k'ang,  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  277,  fruiting  branches; 
the  flowering  branches  of  this  No.  belong  to  P.  Wilsonii). 

Prunus  sericea,  var.  brevifolia  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  10-13-metrahs  trunco  0.45-0.60  m.  diam.;  ramuli  juniores 
basi  interdum  pulverulento-puberuli,  ceterum  glaberrimi.  Folia  e 
basi  plerumque  rotundata  oblongo-obovata  v.  obovata  v.  late  ovalia 
(5.5-9.5  cm.:  2.7-5  cm.),  longitudine  latitudinis  2.3-2.6  aequante, 
durante  evolutione  subtus  tomento  flavo-cinereo  densissimo  obtecta, 
venarum  reticulo  nigrescente  conspicuo,  postea  ut  in  typo  subtus  pilis 
perturbatis  densisque  neque  vero  paginam  inferiorem  abscondentibus 
cinereo-hirtella.  Racemi  9-12  cm.  longi,  axi  pedicellis  cupulis  sepalis 
dense  fuscescenti-hirtellis;  pedicelli  4-5  inm.  longi;  cupula  4  mm. 
longa,  5  mm.  lata,  profunda  semiglobosa,  intus  glabra  (ut  in  omnibus 
Pachypodii  speciebus) ;  sepala  late  breviter  lingulata,  apice  rotundata, 
dense  ciliata,  glandulisque  singulis  margine  obsita;  in  floribus  nondum 
evolutis  petala  4  mm.,  stamina  32  circ.  5  mm.  longa,  stylus  sepala 
baud  aequans,  glaber.    Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  600- 
1200  m..  May  1907  (No.  127,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting 
branches  belong  to  P.  Wilsonii,  var.  leiobotrys).^ 

1  Another  new  variety,  but  not  represented  in  the  Wilson  collection  is  the 
following  : 

Prunus  sericea,  var.  septentrionalis  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Racemi  axis  pediceUique  glaberrimi. 

Northern  Shensi:  In-kia-po,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  6081.) 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  65 

Prunus  rufomicans  Kochne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  20-30-metralis  trunco  0.5-0.8  in  diam.;  ramuli  vetustiores 
intense  fusci,  glabri,  juniores  fusci,  glabri.  Foliorum  stipulae  ignotae; 
glandulae  rarius  petiolo,  saepius  1-2  laminae  basi  insidentes,  crassae; 
petioli  in  ramis  fertilibus  5-10  mm.,  in  sterilibus  12-14  mm.  longi, 
glabri  v.  parce  hirtelli;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata  in 
ramis  fertilibus  lanceolata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata  (4.5-6  cm.:  1.5-2 
cm.),  in  sterilibus  late  ovato-elliptica  v.  obovata  (9-10  cm.:  4.5-5.8 
cm.),  subacuminata,  argute  dense  v.  subremote  serrulata,  supra  glabra, 
subtus  tomento  sericeo  paginam  inferiorum-  perfecte  abscondente 
densissimo  intense  rufo-ferrugineo  submicante  obtecta,  supra  venis 
impressis  reticulato-rugosa,  subtus  nervis  primariis  valide  prominen- 
tibus,  subtus  (sub  microscopio)  inter  stomata  vix  papillosa,  sed  sto- 
mata  papillis  arete  confertis  circumvallata  fere  abscondita.  Ra- 
cemi  fructiferi  circ.  12  cm.  longi,  glabri;  pedicelli  3-4  mm.  longi,  ut 
axis  insigniter  incrassati  pallideque  lenticellati;  cupulae  basis  per- 
sistens,  intus  glaberrima.  Fructus  subglobosus,  circ.  10  mm.  diam.; 
putamen  9  mm.  longum,  7  mm.  diam.,  ovatum,  acutum,  obscure  cari- 
natum,  laevissimum,  durum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1078). 

Prunus  brachypoda  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  166  (1892); 
in  Gartenfl.  XLII.  330  (1893). 

Padus  hrachypoda  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  69  (1905); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  638  (1906.)  (excl.  var.  putigera  quae  speciem  pro- 
priam  sistit). 

The  varieties  of  this  species  may  be  described  as  their  characters  are  partly 
rather  uncertain. 

Prunus  brachypoda,  var.  pseudossiori  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  5-20-metralis  trunco  20-60  cm.  diam.;  ramuli  juveniles 
glabri  v.  raro  pulverulento-puberuli.  Petioli  11-40  mm.  longi,  glabri, 
semper  fere  biglandulosi ;  lamina  e  basi  manifeste  cordata  v.  in  ramulis 
floralibus  rotundata  anguste  v.  late  oblonga,  ovato-oblonga,  obovato- 
oblonga  (3-12  cm.  longa,  0.8-5.5  cm.  lata),  longiuscule  argute  acu- 
minata, argutissime  serrata  dentibus  angustis  tenuiter  acuminatis 
longiusculis  (sed  minoribus  quam  in  P.  ssiori),  porrectis  v.  subincurvis, 
subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  barbata  ceterum  glabra,  intermixtis  saepe 
foliis  omnino  glabris,  subtus  parum  pallidior  quam  supra  reticulo 
tenerrimo  intensius  colorato,  subtus  nunc  manifeste  nunc  baud  pa- 


bb  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

pillosa.  Racemi  absque  pedunculo  foliato  11-23  cm.  longi,  sec.  cl. 
Wilson  plus  minus  penduli,  glabri  v.  (saepe  in  racemis  ex  eodem  ramo 
primario  ortis)  pulverulento-velutini ;  pedicelli  2-6  mm.  longi;  cu- 
pula 2-3  mm.  longa,  3-4.5  mm.  lata,  intus  infra  medium  villosa;  sepala 
breviter  glanduloso-fimbriata;  petala  2-4.5  mm.  longa,  rotundata  v. 
obovato-rotundata,  vix  eroso-denticulata;  stamina  18-33,  majora 
petalis  parum  v.  paullulum  longiora;  pistillum  circ.  4  mm.  longum, 
glabrum,  stylus  sepala  circ.  aequans.  Fructus  ut  videtur  5-7  mm. 
diam.;  putamen  4-5.5  mm.  longum,  4-5  mm.  diam.,  hinc  carinatum, 
obsoletissime  rugosum,  durum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt. 
1500-2200  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2843);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  2846);  Mupin, 
woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  August  1908  (No.  899);  Nanch'uan, 
1901,  A.  von  Rosthorn;  without  locaHty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5739,  5763). 
Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-2300  m., 
July  and  August  1907  (No.  190) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200- 
1500  m.,  September  1907  (No.  115);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
woodlands,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  June  1,  1907  (No.  2839,  as  to  flowering 
branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to  P.  venosa);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  5988).  Northern  Shensi:  G.  Giraldi  (Nos.  1141, 
5200). 

This  variety  is  often  confounded  in  collections  with  P.  ssiori  F.  Schmidt 

Prunus  brachypoda,  var.  microdonta  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  10-metralis  trunco  40  cm.  diam.  Petioli  12-26  mm.  longi, 
biglandulosi;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  vix  subcordata  oblonga  v. 
lanceolata  (3.5-11  cm.  longa,  1.3-3.3  cm.  lata),  longe  paullatim  v. 
subcaudato-acuminata,  minutim  serrulata  dentibus  saepe  quasi  ad 
mucronem  reductis  porrectis  v.  incumbentibus,  subtus  glabra  v.  in 
axillis  nervorum  barbata,  sub  microscopio  subtus  scabrido-papillosa. 
Racemi  14-18  cm.  longi,  glabri;  petala  3  mm.  longa,  2.5  mm.  lata; 
stamina  c.  29  petalis  parum  longiora;  pistillum  3  mm.  longum. 
Putamen  4-5  mm.:  4.5-5  mm.:  3.5  mm.  Cetera  ut  in  var.  pseudo- 
ssiori. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-1500  m., 
April  and  September  1907  (Nos.  2836,  2838);  without  locality,  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  2255). 

Prunus  obtusata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor    8-13-metralis    trunco   30-50   cm.   diam.,   ramuli   juveniles 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  67 

basi  glabri,  apice  pulverulento-velutini,  vetustiores  intense  fusci  baud 
nitentes,  lenticellis  pallidis  sparsis.  Petioli  10-20  mm.  longi,  glabri, 
apice  plerumque  1-2-glandulosi ;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  vix  sub- 
cordata  oblonga  v.  inverse  oblonga  v.  ovato-oblonga  (sub  anthesi  3-7 
cm.  longa  1.3-3.2  cm.  lata),  nullo  modo  acuminata,  obtusa  v.  ob- 
tusissima  v.  subemarginata,  minutissime  serrulata  dentibus  saepe  ad 
glandulam  reductis,  glaberrima,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  parum 
pallidior  reticulo  tenerrimo  intensius  colorato,  epapillosa.  Racemi 
erecto-patentes,  absque  pedunculo  foliato  6-20  cm.  longi,  pulverulento- 
velutini  V.  puberuli;  pedicelli  1-6  mm.  longi;  cupula  2  mm.  longa, 
3  mm.  lata,  infeme  pulverulenta,  ceterum  glabra,  intus  infra  medium 
villosa;  sepala  1  mm.  longa,  obtusa,  breviter  glanduloso-fimbriata; 
petala  3-5  mm.  longa,  rotundata,  subintegra;  stamina  20-29,  majora 
petala  parum  superantia  v.  aequantia  v.  iisdem  triente  breviora; 
pistillum  3-4.5  mm.  longum,  glabrum,  stylus  sepala  circ.  aequans. 
Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  May  1908 
(No.  977  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to 
P.  bicolor);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
2845,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to  P.  pubi- 
gera);  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2844). 

This  species  seems  to  bear  in  its  habit  a  rather  striking  resemblance  to  cer- 
tain forms  until  now  referred  to  P.  demissa  Walpers. 

Pninus  pubigera  Koehne,  n.  sp.  rr:.  p.  >o-va<'(i-*«Lt^ 

Padus  brachypoda,  var.  pubigera  C.  K.  Schneider  in   Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  ' 

I.  70  (1905);  III.  Handb.  Laulholzk.  I.  638  (1906). 

Arbor  6-20-metrahs  trunco  20-100  cm.  diam. ;  ramuli  juveniles 
fuscescentes,  puberulo-velutini,  vetustiores  validi,  nigricantes  v.  pur- 
pureo-fusci,  plus  minus  glabrati,  lenticellis  ovalibus  pallidis;  gemmae 
5-8  mm.  longae,  conicae,  fuscae,  glabrae.  Petioli  8-27  mm.  longi,  ple- 
rumque puberulo-velutini,  saepissime  1-2-glandulosi;  lamina  e  basi 
cuneata  v.  rotundata  v.  cordata  late  inverse  oblonga  v.  obovato- 
oblonga  v.  obovata  (3-11.5  cm.  longa  1.2-6  cm.  lata),  breviter  leviter 
V.  parum  acuminata,  apice  obtusiuscula  valide  mucronata,  minutim 
V.  minutissime  serrulata  dentibus  saepe  fere  ad  glandulam  reductis, 
supra  glabra  v.  in  costa  pulverulenta,  subtus  glabra  v.  in  nervorum 
axillis  subbarbata,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  manifeste  pallidior  v. 
subalbicans  venis  validioribus  prominulis  reticulo  pallido  v.  rarissime 
intensius  colorato,  subtus  baud  v.  breviter  scabrido-papillosa.  Ra- 
cemi absque  pedunculo  foliato  7-14  cm.  longi,  puberuli  v.  pulveru- 


68  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

lenti  V.  glabri;  pedicelli  2-5  mm.,  raro  infimi  ad  8  mm.  longi;  cupula 
3  mm.  longa,  4-4.5  mm.  lata,  intus  infra  medium  villosa;  sepala  vix 
ultra  1  mm.  longa,  obtusa,  breviter  glanduloso-fimbriata,  ceterum 
glabra  v.  tenerrime  ciliata;  petala  4-5  mm,  longa,  4  mm.  lata,  subro- 
tundata  v.  obovato-rotundata,  Integra  v.  leviter  eroso-denticulata; 
stamina  21-28,  majora  petalis  triente  v,  paene  dimidio  breviora; 
pistillum  4-5  mm.  longum,  glabrum,  stylus  sepala  parum  superans. 
Fructus  c.  5-8  mm.  diam.  ut  videtur;  putamen  4-6  mm.  longum, 
4-5  mm.  diam.,  obsoletissime  rugosum,  durum. 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  Potaninii  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Petioli  puberuli;  folia  innovationum  pleraque  basi  subeordata 
V.  cordata,  pleraque  late  inverse  oblonga  intermixtis  paucissimis  obo- 
vatis,  omnia  subtus  baud  v.  vix  papillosa.  Sepala  ciliata;  petala 
5  mm.,  stamina  majora  3  mm.  longa.  Putamen  4-5  mm.  longum, 
4-5  mm.  diam. 

Tibet:  G.  N.  Potanin.  Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Ta- 
chien-lu,  woods,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No. 
980). 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  Prattii  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Petioli  subglabri  v.  glabri;  folia  innovationum  pleraque  basi  cu- 
neata  v.  rotundata,  intermixtis  vix  ullis  subcordatis  v.  obovatis,  om- 
nia subtus  epapillosa.  Racemi  puberuh  v.  glabri;  flores  ignoti. 
Putamen  4-6  mm.  longum,  4-5  mm.  diam. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2700-4100  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt 
(No.  94);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
2845,  as  to  fruiting  branches;  the  flowering  branches  belong  to  P.  06- 
tusata.).  Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
August  1907  (No.  181,  remarkable  for  its  glabrous  racemes);  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  September  1907  (No.  2837). 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  obovata  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Petioli  glabri;  folia  pleraque  e  basi  vix  unquam  subeordata  obo- 
vata, subtus  baud  v.  vix  papillosa.  Racemi  glabri  v.  puberuli;  petala 
4-5  mm.  longa;  stamina  majora  vix  ultra  3  mm.  longa.  Putamen 
5.5  mm.  longum,  5  mm.  diam. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June  7,  1908  (No.  1045).  Western  Hupeh  :  Fang 
Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  August  1907  (No.  186,  with  glabrous 
racemes) . 

This  variety  seems  similar  in  its  habit  to  P.  virginiana  Linnaeus. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  69 

Prunus  bicolor  Kochne,  n.  sp.  r=:  / .  A/Ut'<^y>iY^ 

Ramuli  novelli  nigricantes,   densissime  puberulo-velutini,   vetusti-  ^ 

ores  vix  glabrati  lenticellis  pallidis;  gemmae  3.5-8  mm.  longae,  pallide 
fuscae,  glabrae.  Petioli  15-25  mm.  longi,  superiore  pagiiia  pulveru- 
lento-puberuli,  eglandulosi;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata 
obovato-oblonga  (5.3-9.8  cm.  longa  2.5-4.5  cm.  lata),  leviter  breviter 
acuminata  apice  obtusiuscula  valide  mucronata,  minutim  serrata 
dentibus  angustissimis  porrectis  v.  subincurvis,  supra  in  costa  pul- 
verulenta  ceterum  glabra,  subtus  glaberrima,  supra  intense  viridis 
reticulo  subimpresso,  subtus  manifeste  albicans,  costa  nervisque  ochra- 
ceis  reticulo  nigrescente  maxime  manifesto,  sub  microscopio  circa 
stomata  subpapillosa  papillis  scabridis.  Racemi  erecto-patentes, 
absque  pedunculo  foliato  13  cm.  longi,  pulverulento-velutini ;  pedicelli 
2-4.5  mm.  longi.  Flores  ignoti.  Cupulae  basis  sub  fructu  persistens, 
intus  glaberrima.  Fructus  ut  videtur  5-6  mm.  diam.;  putamen  4.3 
mm.  longum,  4  mm.  diam.,  carinatum,  obsoletissime  rugosum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  Septem- 
ber 1908  (No.  977,  as  to  fruiting  branches;  the  flowering  branches 
belong  to  P.  obtusata.). 

Prunus  velutina  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  186  (1895.) 

Padus  velutina  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  69  (1905);  III. 
Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  638  (1906). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodland,  alt.  900- 
1800  m..  May  and  September  1907  (No.  2840);  without  locality,  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1789);  A.  Henry  (No.  5774).  Northern  Shensi : 
G.  Giraldi  (No.  4931). 

Prunus  Grayana  Maximo wicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  107  (1884);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  704  (1883). 

Prunus  Padus,  var.  japonica  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  92  (1865)' 

Padus  Grayana  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  640  (1906). 

Padus  acrophylla  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  70  (1905);  III. 
Handl.  Laubholzk.  1. 640  (1906.)  (Forsan  ex  descriptione  hue  etiam  ducenda, 
quamvis  cupulae  basis  sub  fructu  persistens  ab  autore  dicatur  pilosa.) 

Petioli  5-13  mm.  longi,  eglandulosi;  glandulae  1-3  marginales  la- 
minae dentibus  infimis  subtus  insidentes,  complanatae;  folia  e  basi 
rotundata  v.  vix  subcordata  late  oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga  v.  ovata, 
caudato-acuminata,  argutissime  serrata  dentibus  tenuissime  acumi- 
natis,  subtus  epapillosa.  Pedicelli  2-13  mm.  longi;  cupula  intus 
glaberrima;  sepala  Integra,  interdum  margine  parce  glandulifera,  ten- 


70  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

uiter  ciliata;  petala  3-5  mm.  longa,  ima  basi  lanato-barbata;  stamina 
23-32,  majora  petala  aequantia  v.  superantia,  5-8  mm.  longa;  stylus 
stamina  circ.  aequans. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1400  m., 
T^Iay  1907  (No.  2841);  without  locality,  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  604); 
A.  Henry  (No.  6327,  according  to  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Herb.  Reg. 
Berol.,  probably  to  be  referred  to  P.  ssiori  F.  Schmidt,  but  it  is 
P.  Grayana).  Japan:  Maximowicz  (Iter  Sec.  1861),  1862,  Hilgendorf 
(No.  192),  J.  J.  Rein,  K.  Shirai,  K.  Saida,  U.  Faurie  (Nos.  376,  5009, 
6054). 

This  species  differs  in  several  characters  from  the  section  Leptopodium,  though 
in  the  herbarium  it  is  often  confounded  with  the  very  distinct  P.  ssiori.  On 
account  of  its  glands,  the  cupula  glabrous  on  the  inside  and  the  entire  or  nearly 
entire  sepals  it  seems  to  belong  to  the  section  Pachypodium  rather  than  to 
Leptopodium. 

Primus  laxiflora  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-metralis  trunco  40  cm.  diam.;  ramuli  juveniles  puberuli, 
vetustiores  vix  glabrati,  fusci  v.  nigricantes,  lenticellis  paucis  parvis. 
Stipulae  5-10  mm.  longae,  anguste  lineares,  pubescentes;  petioli  7-12 
mm.  longi,  dense  pubescentes,  eglandulosi;  glandulae  2  marginales 
dentium  infimarum  paginam  inferiorem  occupantes,  complanatae; 
lamina  e  basi  late  cuneata  late  v.  obovato-oblonga  (sub  anthesi  3.5-6 
cm.  longa  1.6-2.7  cm.  lata),  longe  acuminata,  inciso-subduplicato-ser- 
rata,  dentibus  longis  tenuissime  acuminatis,  supra  in  costa  pubescenti- 
villosa,  ceterum  glabra,  subtus  in  costa  densius,  in  nervis  laxius  sericeo- 
villosa,  ceterum  glabra,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior  reticulo 
intensius  colorato,  epapillosa.  Racemi  absque  pedunculo  efoliato,  sed 
interdum  hypophylla  1-2  parva  gerente,  7-17  mm.  longo  4.5-7  cm. 
longi,  c.  6-12  flori,  laxi,  axi  ac  pedunculo  adpresso-pubescente;  bracteae 
infimae  10-4  mm.  longae,  superiores  usque  ad  1  mm.  longitudinis 
decrescentes,  omnes  persistentes;  pedicelli  infimi  18  mm.,  supremi 
2  mm.  longi,  laxe  villosi;  cupula  circ.  3  mm.  longa  ac  lata,  semi- 
globoso-campanulata,  extus  basi  tantum  pilosa,  intus  glaberrima; 
sepala  cupulae  aequilonga,  triangularia  acuta,  ut  videtur  horizon- 
taliter  patentia,  longiuscule  glanduloso-fimbriata;  petala  fere  7  mm. 
longa,  4  mm.  lata,  ovalia,  margine  leviter  eroso-undulata;  stamina 
22-26,  majora  circ.  4  mm.  longa,  petalis  triente  breviora;  stylus 
stamina  aequans  v.  paullo  superans,  ut  ovarium  glaber.  Fructus 
ignotus. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  71 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt,  1700  m.,  May 
1907  (No.  62,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to 
P.  discadenia  Koehne,  a  new  species  of  the  section  Phyllomahaleh.). 


DISPOSITIO  PRUNI  SUBGEN.  PADI  ET  CLAVIS 
SPECIERUM   CHINENSIUM. 

Calyx  fructifer  totus  persistens;  bracteae  caducae;  stylus  brevis. 

Sect.  I.  CALYCOPADUS. 

*  Pedunculi  racemorum  foliati   (intermixtis  interdum    nonnuUia  nudis);  folia 

decidua  v.  sempervirentia.     (Species  omnes  Americanae.) 

Subaect.  1.  CAPOLLINIA. 

**  Pedunculi  semper  nudi;  folia  decidua Subaect.  2.  CALYCINIA. 

t  Ramuli  racemorumque  pedunculi  basi  baud  involucrati. 
Folia  subtua  glabra  v.  baud  ubique  pilosa. 
Venarum  reticulum   supra   nunquam,   subtus  nonniai  post   anthesin 
prominulum.    Folia  supra  medium  latiora,  incumbenti-serrulata. 

P.  Buergeriana. 
Venarum  reticulum  jam  durante  anthesi  utraque  pagina  manifeste  pro- 
minulum; folia  subtua  in  nervorum  axillia  multia  barbulata  ceterum 
glabra,  majora  latiora  (6-11  cm.:  2.5-4.5  cm.)  quam  in  P.  stellipila, 

brevius  serrata  dentibus  latioribus P.  venosa. 

Folia  subtus  ubique,  versus  coatam  densius,  pilis  fasciculatis  conspersa, 
minora  angustiora  (4.5-10  cm.: 2-3.5  cm.)  quam  in  P.  venosa,  longiua 

serrata  dentibus  anguatioribus P.  stellipila. 

tt  Ramuli    ac   pedunculi   basi   usque   ad   autumnum    squamis   involucrati,. 

involucro  7-20  mm.  longa P.  perulata. 

Calyx  fructifer  (ima  basi  excepta)  deciduus Sect.  2.  GYMNOPADUS. 

*  Sempervirentea.     Pedunculi  nudi;  bracteae  caducae;  atylua  brevia. 

Subsect.  3.  LAUROCERASUS. 
Petioli  eglandulosi.     Folia   plerumque  ovato-oblonga,  caudato-acuminata, 

6-9  cm.  longa.     Racemi  glabri P.  microbotrys. 

Petioli  glandulosi.     Folia  oblonga,  acuminata,  10-18  cm.  longa.     Racemi 

pubescentes       P.  macrophylla  * 

**  Folia  decidua. 

t  Pedunculi   foliati    (intermixtis    interdum  nonnuUis    nudis);   bracteae   ca- 
ducae  Subsect.  4.  EUPADUS. 

t  Pedicelli  fructiferi  insigniter  incrassati  pallide  lenticellati.    Stylus  brevis. 
(Folia  in  speciebua  chinensibus  subtus  aequaliter  pilosa.) 

Ser.  1.  Pachtpodium. 

Pagina  inferior  inter  pilos  nunquam  rufos  mox  vel  ab  initio  optima 

conspicua. 

Pili  tranaversi  paralleli  breves  adpressi  submicantea.   .     P.  Wilsonii. 

Pili  mox  subhirti  perturbati   (initio    tantum   tomentum    sericeum 

candidum  densissimum  sistentes) P.  sericea. 

>  Prunus  macrophylla  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abhand.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  ii. 
122  (Fam.  Nat.  Fl.  Jap.  14)  (1843). 

Laurocerasus  macrophylla  C.  K.  Schneider,  III  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  647,  fig. 
355  1.  (1906). 
So  far  only  reported  from  eastern  China  (prov.  Kwangtung). 


72  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Pagina  inferior  usque  ad  mensem  octobrem  pilis  perfecte  abscondita, 
pilis  tomentimi  sericeum  intense  rufo-ferrugineum  submicantem  sis- 

tentibus P.  rufomicans. 

tt  Pedicelli  fructiferi  nee  incrassati  nee  lenticellati. 

Stylus  brevis Ser.  2.  Leptopodium. 

Putamen    manifeste    rugosum.     Petala   6-8    mm.    longa    etaminibus 

duplo  longiora P.  Padus} 

Putamen  laeve  v.  obsolete  rugosum.    Petala  3-4.5,  raro  ad  5  mm.  longa, 
staminibus  aequilonga  v.  breviora,  rarissime  manifeste  longiora. 
Folia  in  acumen  argutum  plerumque  longum  producta. 

Putamen  7  mm.  longum.  Folia  basi  nonnuUa  rotundata,  plera- 
que  vero  profunde  cordata,  argutissime  serrata  dentibus  angustis 
longis  tenuissime  acuminatis,  subtus  nunquam  papillosa;  petioli 
15-42  mm.  longi,  valide  2-  (v.  l-6)-glandulosi.  Racemi  10-17 
cm.  longi,  glabri;  pedicelli  4-13  mm.  longi;  petala  4.5  mm.  longa, 

staminibus  aequilonga P.  ssiori.'^ 

Putamen  4-5.5  mm.  longum.  Folia  basi  rotundata  v.  baud  raro 
manifeste  cordata,  argute  v.  minutim  serrata  dentibus  semper 
minoribus  quam  in  P.  ssiori,  subtus  nimc  papillosa  nunc  epapil- 
losa;  petioli  11-24  mm.  longi,  plerique  glandulis  1-2  debilibus 
muniti.  Racemi  12-23  cm.  longi,  nunc  glabri  nunc  puberuli; 
pedicelli   2-6  mm.  longi;   petala  2-4.5  mm.  longa,  staminibus 

aequilonga  v.  vix  breviora P.  brachypoda. 

Folia  leviter  breviter  v.  baud  acuminata,  obtusiuscula  mucronata 
V.  obtusa  V.  subemarginata,  semper  brevissime  v.  minutim  ser- 
rulata.    Putamen  4-6  mm.,  raro  7  mm.  longum. 
Folia  subtus  glaberrima  v.  nonnisi  in  nervorum  axillis  barbata; 
petala  staminibus  aequilonga  v.  longiora. 

Calyx  intus  pilosus,  quare  etiam  calycis  basis  sub  fructu  persis- 
tens  intus  hirta.    Petioli  glandulosi. 
Folia  obtusa  v.  subemarginata,  subtus  glaberrima  ac  vix  pal- 
lidiora    quam    supra,   venarum    reticulo    tenerrimo    baud 

prominulo  intensius  colorato P.  obtusata. 

Folia   plerumque   leviter   breviter   acuminata   apice   obtusi- 
uscula mucronata,  subtus  glaberrima  v.  in  axillis  pauUulum 

^  Prunus  Padus  Linnaeus,  Spec.  473  (1753). 

Prunus  racemosa  Lamarck,  Fl.  Frang.  III.  107  (1778). 
Padus  vulgaris  Borkhausen,  Forstbot.  II.  1426  (1803). 
Cerasus  Padus  De  Candolle,  Fl.  Frang.  IV.  680  (1805). 

Padus  racemosa  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Hand.  Laubholzk.  I.  639,  fig.  351  a-h, 
352  a  (1906). 
So  far  only  reported  from  northern  China,  Mongolia,  Shensi,  and  Chili. 
*  Prunus  ssiori  F.  Schmidt  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  s6r.  7,  XII.  No. 
II.  124  (Reis.  Amurland)  (1868). 

Padus  ssiori  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  647  (1906). 
Of  this  species  I  have  seen  specimens  from  Saghalin  and  Japan,  and  it  is  also 
reported  from  southern  Mandshuria,  but  has  not  yet  been  collected  in  other  parts 
of  the  Chinese  Empire.  C.  K.  Schneider  has  referred  several  specimens  of  P.  Gray- 
ana  in  the  Berlin  herbarium  to  P.  ssiori,  but  these  two  species,  though  similar  in 
the  serration  of  the  leaves,  are  otherwise  very  different  and  can  always  be  easily 
distinguished  with  certainty.  It  is  less  easy  to  distinguish  P.  ssiori  from  P.  brachy- 
poda, var.  pseudossiori. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  73 

barbata  atque  plerumque  manifeste  palHdiora  quam  supra, 

nervis     venisque     primariis     subtus     prominulis,     reticulo 

plerumque  pallido  rarissime  intensius  colorato.    P.  pubigera. 

Calycis  basis  sub   fructu  persistens  intus  glaberrima.     Petioli 

eglandulosi.     Folia  subtus  glaberrima,  pallida  albicantia,  costa 

nervis  ochraceis,   reticulo   multo   intensius   colorato   distinc- 

tissimo      P-  bicolor. 

Folia  tota  pagina  inferiore   laxe   pilosa   pallida,  reticulo   pallido 
demum  prominulo;  petala  staminibus  triente  breviora. 

P.  velutina. 

Stylus  longus Ser.  3.  Grayopadus. 

P.  Gray ana. 
tt  Pedunculi  nudi;  bracteae  persistentes;  stylus  longus. 

Ser.  4.  Maackiopadus. 
A  specie  altera  ^  hujus  sectionis  foliis  subtus  eglandulosis,  racemis 
4-7  cm.  longis  laxifloris,  sepalis  fimbriatis  stylo  glabro  differt. 

P.  laxiflora. 

XX.     SPECIERUM   DISTRIBUTIO  SYSTEMATICA 

Sect.  1.   CALYCOPADUS  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.   107 
(1910). 
Calyx  persistens. 

Subsect.  1.   CAPOLLINIA  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.  106 
(1910). 
Sect.  Eupadus  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  303  (pro  parte)  (1893). 

Species  sempervirentes  vel  foliis  deciduis,  venarum  reticulo  saepe  indole  rhom- 
bica.  Pedunculi  typice  foUati;  bracteae  caducae.  Calyx  fructifer  persistens. 
Stamina  circ.  15-25  (an  semper?) ;   stylus  brevis. 

Species  omnes  americanae:  P.  salicifolia  Kunth  (Bolivia,  Peru,  Ecuador,  Co- 
lumbia, an  Mexico?),  P.  Capollin  (De  Candolle)  Koehne  (Mexico),  P.  serotina 
Ehrhart  cum  var.  neomontana  Small  (Amer.  bor.  ut  sequentes),  P.  eximia  Small, 
P.  alabamensis  Mohr,  P.  Cuthbertii  Small,  P.  australis  Beadle. 

Subsect.  2.    CALYCINIA  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.  107 
(1910). 

Folia  decidua,  venarum  reticulo  isodiametrico,  subtus  in  dentibus  infimis  bi- 
glandulosa.  Pedunculi  nudi;  bracteae  caducae.  Calyx  persistens;  stamina 
10(-12);   stylus  brevis. 

Species  omnes  asiaticae:  P.  undulata  Roemer  (inde  a  Bengalia  or.  usque  ad 
Nepal),  P.  venosa  Koehne  (China),  P.  stellipila  Koehne  (China),  P.  perulata  Koehne 
(China),  P.  Buergeriana  Miquel  (China,  Japonia). 

1  Pninus  Maackii  Ruprecht  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XV.  361  (1857). 
Lauroccrasus  Maackii  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  645,  fig.  352 
h-i  (1906). 
Known   from    Amurland    and  Mandshuria,  but  not  yet  reported  from  other 
regions  of  the  Chinese  Empire.    It  differs  from  P.  laxiflora  in  its  leaves  being  glan- 
dular punctate  beneath,  in  the  dense  racemes,  2-3  cm.  long,  the  bracts  1-2  mm, 
long,  the  scarcely  fimbriate  sepals  and  in  the  style  being  loosely  villose  below  the 
middle. 


74  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Sect.  2.   GYMNOPADUS  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.  107 
(1910). 
Calyx  sub  fructu  deciduus. 
Subsect.  3.   LAUROCERASUS  (Roem.)  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  303  (excl.  P. 
Maackii)  (1893). 

Sempervirentes,  venarum  reticulo  isodiametrico.  Pedunculi  nudi;  bracteae 
caducae.    Calyx  fructifer  deciduus.    Stylus  brevis. 

Species  americanae:  P.  brasiliensis  Roemer  (Brasilia),  P.  Brittoniana  Rusby 
(Bolivia),  P.  Pearcei  Rusby  (Bolivia),  P.  guanaiensis  Rusby  (Bolivia),  P.  integri- 
folia  Presl  (Peru,  Ecuador),  P.  occidentalis  Roemer  (Antillae),  P.  sphaerocarpa 
Roemer  (Antillae,  an  Mexico?),  P.  reflexa  Roemer  (Antillae),  P.  samydoides  Roemer 
(Mexico),  P.  laurifolia  Schlechtendal  (Mexico),  P.  ilicifolia  Roemer  (California),  P. 
Lyonii  Sargent  ^  (California),  P.  caroliniana  Alton  (Amer.  bor.).  —  Mediterraneae  et 
macaronesicae :  P.  Laurocerasus  Linnaeus,  P.  lusitanica  Roemer.  —  Asiaticae :  P.  ja- 
vanica  Miquel  (Java),  P.  martabanica  S.  Kurz  (Java),  P.  acuminata  Roemer  (inde 
a  Nepal  usque  ad  Assam),  P.  Jenkinsii  Hooker  f.  (Assam),  P.  phaeosticta  Maxi- 
mowicz  (Khasia,  China),  P.  microbotrys  Koehne  (China),  P.  macrophylla  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini  (China,  Japonia),  P.  spinulosa  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  (Japonia). 

Subsect.  4.     EUPADUS   Koehne  in   Abhand.  Bot.   Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.  107 
(1910). 

Sect.  Eupadus  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  303  (excl.  P.  serotina)  (1893). 

Folia  decidua,  venarum  reticulo  isodiametrico.  PeduncuU  typice  foliati;  brac- 
teae caducae.    Calyx  fructifer  deciduus.    Stamina  20-35. 

Ser.  1.   Pachypodium   Koehne    in   Abhand.   Bot.    Ver.   Brandenburg,    LII.    107 
(1910). 

Racemorum  axes  stricti  pedicellique  fructiferi  insigniter  incrassati,  pallide  lenti- 
cellati.  Folia  semper  subtus  valide  papillosa,  saltem  stomata  papillis  arete  con- 
fertis  circumvallata  abscondita.  Cupula  semper  intus  glaberrima;  stylus  brevis; 
stamina  plerumque  ultra  30. 

Species  omnes  asiaticae:  P.  napaulensis  Steudel  (Himalaya,)  P.  bracteopadus 
Koehne  (Himalaya),  P.  Wilsonii  (Diels  apud  C.  K.  Schneid.)  Koehne  (China), 
P.  sericea  (Batalin)  Koehne  (China),  P.  rufomicans  Koehne  (China). 

Ser.  2.   Leptopodium    Koehne    in  Abhand.   Bot.    Ver.   Brandenburg,    LII.    107 
(1910). 


^  Prunus  Lyonii  (Eastwood)  Sargent,  nov.  comb. 

Prunus  occidentalis  Lyon  in  Bot.  Gazette,  xi.  202,  333  (not  Swartz)  (1886). — 

Greene  in  Bull.  Cal.  Acad.  ii.  395. 
Prunus  ilicifolia,  var.  occidentalis  Brandegee  in  Proc.  Cal.  Acad.  ser.  2,  i.  209 

(1888). 
Prunus  ilicifolia,  var.  integrifolia  Sudworth  in  Garden  and  Forest,  iv.  51  (1891). 

—  Sargent,  Silva  N.  Am.  iv.  54.  —  Jepson,  Silva  of  California,  253. 
Prunus  integrifolia  (Sudworth)  Sargent,  Man.  531,  f.  441  (not  Walpers)  (1905). 
Cerasus  Lyonii  Eastwood,  Trees  of  California,  54  (1905). 
Laurocerasus  integrifolia  (Sudworth)  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 

i.  648  (1906). 
Laurocerasus  Lyonii  (Eastwood)  Britton,  Trees  N.  Am.  512  (1908). 

C.  S.  s. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  75 

Racemorum  fructiferorum  axes  pedicellique  haud  vel  vix  incrassati  nee  insipni- 
ter  pallidc  lenticellati.  Folia  subtus  plus  minus  vel  haud  papillosa.  Cupula  intus 
plerumque  saltern  basi  pilosa,  rarius  glabra.    Stamina  (14-)20-35.    Stylus  brevis. 

Species  americanae:  P.  virginiana  Roemer  (Amer.  bor.),  P.  demissa  Nuttall  apud 
Torrey  and  Gray  (Amer.  bor.).  —  Europaeo-asiaticae:  P.  Padus  Linn6  (inde  ab 
Europa  usque  ad  Sachalin).  —  Asiaticae:  P.  cornuta  Steudel  (inde  ab  Afghanistan 
usque  ad  Sikkim),  P.  anadenia  Koehne  (Afghanistan),  P.  glaucifolia  Koehne  (Hima- 
laya), P.  diversifolia  Koehne  (Korea),  P.  brachypoda  BataUn  (Cliina,  Tibet),  P. 
velutina  Batalin  (China),  P.  bicolor  Koehne  (China),  P.  ssiori  F.  Schmidt  (Mand- 
schuria,  Sachalin,  Japonia). 

An  hujus  sedis?:  species  koreanae  P.  seoulensis  Leveill^,  P.  diamantinus  L6veill6, 
P.  Fauriei  Leveill6. 

Ser.  3.  Gratopadus  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII.  107 
(1910). 

Sect.  Eupadus  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  303  (pro  parte)  (1893). 

Axes  racemorum  pedicellique  fructiferi  nee  incrassati  nee  lenticellati.  Folia 
eubtus  haud  papillosa  in  dentibus  infimis  biglandulosa  (ut  in  subsect.  Calycinia). 
Cupula  intus  glaberrima;  stamina  circ.  22-26;  stylus  longus. 

Species  asiatica:  P.  Grayana  Maximo wicz  (China,  Japonia)  cum  Padus  acro' 
phylla  C.  K.  Schneider  ehinensi  verisimiUime  nuUo  modo  diversa. 

Subsect.  5.  MAACKIOPADUS  Koehne  in  Abhand.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenburg,  LII. 
107  (1910). 

Folia  decidua  venarum  reticulo  isodiametrieo.  Pedunculi  nudi;  bracteae  per- 
sistentes.  Calyx  magis  campanulatus  quam  in  subsect.  1-4,  fructifer  deciduus; 
stamina  c.  20-30;  stylus  longus  stamina  aequans  v.  paullo  superans. 

Species  omnes  asiaticae:  P.  Maackii  Ruprecht  (Mandschuria,  regio  amurensis), 
P.  laxiflora  Koehne  (China). 


AQUIFOLIACEAE. 
ILEX  L. 

Determined  by  Th.  Loesener. 

Ilex  rotunda  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  77  (1784).  —  Loesener  in  Nov. 
Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  106  (1901). 

Kiangsi:  Kiu-kiang,  thickets  of  foot  hills,  alt.  300  m.,  August  2, 
1907  (No.  i6ii). 

Ilex  purpurea  Hasskarl,  var.  a  Oldhamii  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act. 
Leop.-Carol  LXXVIII.  112  (1901). 

Ilex  Oldhamii  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  105  (1867). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands,  alt. 
300-1000  m.,  June  and  December  1907  (Nos.  689,  3097).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Kiu-ting  Fu,  thickets,  alt.  600-900  m.,  November  1908 
(No.  3096). 

Ilex  pedunculosa  Miquel,  forma,  13  continentalis  Loesener  in  Nov. 
Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  108  (1901): 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  30,  1907  (No. 
1609).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands,  alt. 
900-1500  m.,  June  1907  (No.  477);  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
300-900  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3095). 

Ilex  jrunnanensis  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  II.  128  (1899).  —  Loesener 
in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  131  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1500-2000  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (Nos.  1024,  3092, 
3094);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m., 
June  19,  1908  (No.  3093)- 

Ilex  metabaptista  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII. 
238  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  300-600 
m.,  May  and  December  1907  (No.  756). 

76 


AQUIFOLIACEAE.  —  ILEX  77 

Ilex  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XII.  255  (1898).  —  Locsener 
in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  239  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-2100  m., 
May  and  September  1907  (No.  231).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin, 
woodlands,  alt.  1500-2000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3098). 

Ilex  Fargesii,  var.  v.  forma,  /3  megalophylla  Locsener,  n.  forma. 

Foliis  majoribus  praecipue  latioribus,  usque  15  cm.  longis  et  4.1  cm. 
latis,  petiolo  usque  2.1  cm.  longo,  a  typo  recedens. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1500  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  1034). 

Ilex  Franchetiana  Loesener,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3  metralis,  glaber  v.  glaberrimus.  Ramuli  i.  s.  brunneo- 
nigrescentes,  vel  cinereo-fuscescentes,  hornotini  i.  s.  angulati  vel 
striato-subsulcati,  laeves,  2-6  mm.  crassi.  Folia  interstitiis,  4-18  mm. 
longis  dissita;  stipulis  0  vel  valde  fugacibus,  modice  v.  longiuscule 
(7-19  mm.  longe)  petiolata;  petiolo  quam  lamina  circ.  5-10-plo  brevi- 
ore,  supra  medio  profunde  longitudinali-sulcato;  lamina  angustissime 
decurrente  marginato,  marginibus  superne  conniventibus  v.  erectis, 
1-2  mm.  crasso,  obovato-elliptica  usque  oblanceolata  rarius  lanceo- 
lato-elliptica,  margine  i.  s.  anguste  v.  angustissime  recurvato,  densius 
V.  remotius  et  argute  serrulato,  iuxta  basin  saepe  integro,  basi  cuneata 
V.  raro  cuneato-subobtusa,  apice  manifeste  et  acute  v.  acutiuscule 
acuminata,  acumine  usque  19  mm.  longo,  7-12.5  cm.  longa,  1.7-3.5 
cm.  lata,  chartacea  usque  coriacea,  glabra,  i.  s.  supra  nitidula  v.  vix 
nitidula,  cinereo-olivacea  usque  subatro-brunnea,  subtus  paullulo 
pallidiora,  costa  media  supra  i.  s.  impressa  vel  insculpta,  subtus  ex- 
pressa,  nervis  lateralibus  utrinque  circ.  7-10  sub  angulo  circ.  30-50° 
obviis,  rectis  et  iuxta  marginem  ad  apicem  versus  curvatis  raro  leviter 
et  sub-'-*'-formiter  arcuatis,  tenuibus,  supra  plane  obsoletis  v.  vix  pro- 
minulis,  v.  sub  lente  tenuissime  et  obsolete  insculptis,  subtus  tenuiter 
prominentibus  v.  prominulis  iuxta  marginem  laxius  et  saepe  obsolete 
reticulatis,  reticulo  supra  mconspicuo.  Inflorescentiae  in  foliorum 
axillis  fasciculatae,  S  l-florae  vel  semel  dichotomae,  2-3-florae,  9 
1-florae,  glabrae,  pedunculis  in  i  brevissimis,  sub  alabastris  vix  1  mm. 
longis,  bracteis  deltoideis  vel  ovato-deltoideis  obtusis  vel  acutis  1-1.5 
mm.  longis,  pedicellis  in  9  usque  4  mm.  longis,  prophyllis  medio 
V.  sub  medio  pedicello  insertis,  bracteis  similibus  integris;  flores 
4-meri  vel  4-5-meri;  calycis  lobi  late  ovato-deltoidei,  obtusi  v.  rotun- 
dati,  vix  1  mm.  longi  et  circ.  1  mm.  lati,  sub  lente  valida  tenuissime 


78  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

et  parce  ciliolati;  corollae  fl.  9  petala  albida  ovata  vel  ovalia,  subli- 
bera,  circ.  3  mm.  longa,  fl.  i  tantum  alabastra  visa;  stamina  fl.  i 
tantum  in  alabastra  visa;  staminodia  fl.  9  petalis  vix  breviora, 
libera  v.  sublibera,  antheris  sterilibus  apice  intrusis,  subcordiformibus, 
filamento  multo  brevioribus;  ovarium  fl.  9  subovoideum  obsolete 
longitudinali-4-sulcatum,  stigmate  crassiusculo  et  discoidea  obsolete 
4-lobo  eoronatum,  circ.  2.75  mm.  longum,  4-loculare  etc.  Drupa 
globosa,  stigmate  discoideo  coronata,  circ.  6  mm.  diam.,  in  vivo 
rubra  v.  scarlatina,  i.s.  rugosa  et  plus  minusve  striato-sulcata,  exocarpio 
tunicato,  mesocarpio  carnoso,  4-pyrena,  pyrenis  subtrigonis,  dorso 
striato-sulc^tis,  5  mm.  longis  et  circ.  3  mm.  latis,  ligneis  valde  duris  etc. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1200-1800 
m..  May  and  September  1907  (No.  148).  Western  Szech'uan: 
southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2400  m.,  June  and  October  1908 
(No.  1257). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  /.  Fargesii  Franchet,  which  differs  in  the  shape 
of  the  leaves.  These  are  entire  or  mostly  entire  below  the  middle,  with  longer 
bases  gradually  narrowed  into  the  petioles,  and  at  the  apex  are  narrowed  into  a 
shorter  and  broader  point.  It  forms  a  transition  between  the  sections  Micro- 
dontae  and  Repandae,  and  might  perhaps  be  better  placed  in  the  latter,  although 
I  have  placed  it  with  the  Lemurenses  on  account  of  its  close  relationship  with 
/.  Fargesii. 

Ilex  Aquifolium  Linnaeus,  var.  c  chinensis  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act. 
Leop.-Carol  LXXVIII.  263  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  chffs  in  glens,  etc.,  alt.  300-600  m., 
March  27,  1907  (No.  3100). 

Ilex  Perayi  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  V.  221  (PI. 
David.  I.  69)  (1883).  —  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVI.  t.  1539  (1886).  — 
Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  278  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2100  m.,  July 
18,  1908  (No.  119).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
mountain  sides,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  14  and  September  1907  (No. 
119  in  part). 

Ilex  comuta  Lindley  &  Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  I.  43,  fig.  27  (1850).— 
Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII.  280  (1901). 

Kiangsi:  Kiu-kiang,  abundant,  alt.  150  m.,  August  2,  1907  (No. 
1608).  Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  ravines  and  hill-sides,  alt.  300- 
600  m..  May  1907  (No.  3101). 

Ilex  ciliospinosa  Loesener,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-4-metralis.    Hamuli  erecti  v.  patentes,  vetustiores  teretes. 


AQUIFOLIACEAE.  —  ILEX  79 

cortice  sordide  griseo  dense  rimuloso  et  asperulo  obtecti,  tricnnes  4-5 
mm.  crassi,  hornotini  dense  et  breviter  subvillosulo-hirtelli,  tarde  v. 
non  glabrescentes,  obsolete  longitudinali-striolati.  Folia  usque  quar- 
tum  in  annum  in  ramulis  remanentia,  interstitiis  usque  11  mm.  longis 
dissita;  stipulis  e  basi  crassa  subulatis  plus  minus  persistentibus,  eal- 
losis  vix  1  mm.  longis,  interdum  indumento  reconditis,  brevissime 
(1-vix  2  mm.  longe)  petiolata;  petiolo  quam  lamina  15-38-plo  breviore, 
supra  medio  longitudinali-impresso ;  lamina  anguste  decurrente  mar- 
ginato,  sub  lente  valida  saepe  pulvereo-puberulo  v.  subglabro,  basi 
usque  1.5  mm.  crasso,  parvula,  ovalia  v.  ovata  usque  oblonga,  margine 
anguste  recurvato,  spinose  denticulato-serrato,  denticulis  porrectis 
in  spinulas  singulas  ciliiformes  1-2  mm.  longas  angustatis,  basi  obtusa 
V.  cuneato-obtusa  raro  subcuneata,  apice  acuta  v.  subacuminata  et 
plerumque  in  spinulam  angustata,  2.5-3.8  cm.  longa,  1-1.8  cm.  lata, 
coriacea  v.  tenaciter  et  rigidule  coriacea,  i.  s.  supra  nitidula,  brunneo- 
V.  subflavo-olivacea,  subtus  vix  pallidiora,  glabra,  costa  media  supra 
insculpta,  subtus  prominente,  nervis  lateralibus  utrinque  circ.  4-7  sub 
angulo  40-60°  patentibus,rectis  v.  plerumque  paullulum  ad  basin  versus 
arcuatis  v.  plus  minusve  sub-^-formiter  curvatis,  iuxta  marginem  laxe 
reticulatis,  supra  tenuissime  insculptis  v.  plane  obsoletis,  subtus  promi- 
nentibus  vel  prominulis,  reticulo  subtus  prominulo.  Inflorescentiae  in 
foliorum  axillis  fasciculatae,  ?  tantum  notae,  1-florae,  pedicellis  sub 
drupa  brevissimis,  vix  2  mm.  longis,  sub  lente  brevissime  pulvereo- 
puberulis,  prophyllis  medio  pedicello  insertis,  crassis  v.  subscariosis, 
deltoideis  et  basi  utrinque  unidenticulatis,  sub  lente  valida  parce  et 
breviter  ciliolatis,  1-1.25  mm.  longis;  flores  ovario  bimero  ex- 
cepto  4-meri,  ipsi  ignoti;  calyx  sub  drupa  4-lobus,  2-3  mm.  diam., 
lobis  late  deltoideis  obtusis  v.  subrotundatis,  circ.  1  mm.  longis,  paene 
2  mm.  latis.  Drupa  i.  s.  ellipsoidea,  stigmate  discoideo  coronata,  i.  v. 
rubra,  i.  s.  rugosa,  circ.  7  mm.  longa,  5-6  mm.  lata,  exocarpio  tuni- 
cato,  mesocarpio  carnoso,  2-pyrena,  pyrenis  subsemiovoideis  (i.  e. 
forma  dimidiae  ovi  medio  longitudinaliter  persecti  parti  similibus), 
circ.  5.5  mm.  longis,  3-4  mm.  latis,  lignescentibus  et  tenacibus,  longi- 
tudinaliter a  basi  ad  apicem  dorso  s'ubpalmatim  5-striolatis,  ventre 
circ.  2-striolatis,  seminibus  non  visis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chien-shi  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500  m., 
September  15,  1908  (No.  996);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500  m.,  Octo- 
ber 1908  (No.  996=^). 

Most  nearly  related  to  7.  dipyrena  Wallich,  which  differs  in  the  leaves  being 
more  than  twice  as  large  and  in  its  glabrous  or  at  least  nearly  glabrous  branchlets. 


80  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Ilex  corallina  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  BoL  France,  XXXIII.  452 
(1886);  PI.  Delavay.  II.  127  (1889).  —  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.- 
Carol.  LXXVIII.  327  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  ravines,  alt.  300-600  m.,  March  20  and 
June  1907  (No.  6).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  November  1908  (No   1269) 

Ilex  szechwanensis  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXVIII. 
347  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  October 
1907  (No.  461). 

Ilex  Wilsonii  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol.  LXXXIX.  No.  I. 
287  (1908). 
Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  31,  1907  (No.  1610). 

Ilex  subrugosa  Loesener,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5-2  m.  altus.  Ramuli  recti,  erecti  v.  patentes,  vetus- 
tiores  demum  subteretes,  iuniores  i.  s.  longitudinaliter  striato-suban- 
gulati,  biennes  circ.  3.5  mm.  crassi,  hornotini  2-2.5  mm.  crassi,  sub 
lente  dense  sed  brevissime  pulvereo-puberuli.  Folia  usque  tertium 
in  annum  (etiam  diutius?)  in  ramulis  remanentia,  interstitiis  usque 
13  mm.  longis  dissita,  stipulis  minutis,  triangularibus,  callosis,  per- 
sistentibus  sed  postea  oblitteratis,  breviuscule  (4-8  mm.  longe)  peti- 
olatis,  petiolo  quam  lamina  circ.  7-9-plo  breviore,  sub  lente  valida 
minute  et  brevissime  pulvereo-puberulo,  supra  acute  sulcato;  lamina 
angustissime  decurrente  marginato,  circ.  1  mm.  crasso,  lanceolata  vel 
ovato-  vel  oblongo-lanceolata,  raro  suboblanceolata,  margine  i.  s. 
anguste  recurvato,  dense  serrulato,  basi  cuneata  v.  acuta,  apice  sen- 
sim  et  obtusiuscule  v.  subacute  acuminata,  acumine  usque  13  mm. 
longo,  4.5-8  cm.  longa,  1.2-2.1  cm.  lata,  coriacea,  supra  nitida  v. 
nitidissima,  brunneo-olivacea,  subtus  pallidiora,  non  v.  vix  nitidula, 
costa  media  supra  insculpta,  subtus  prominula  v.  vix  prominente, 
nervis  lateralibus  utrinque  circ.  5-7,  sub  angulo  45-65°  patentibus, 
subrectis  v.  obsolete  ad  basin  versus  curvatis,  supra  plane  obsoletis  v. 
rarius  conspicuis  et  sub  lente  tenuissime  insculptis,  subtus  vix  promi- 
nulis  vel  obsoletis,  iuxta  marginem  laxe  reticulatis,  reticulo  subtus  vix 
prominulo  v.  plerumque  plane  inconspicuo,  epidermide  subtus  saepius 
plicato-rugulosa.  Inflorescentiae  9  tantum  notae,  in  foliorum  axillis 
pauci  fasciculatae,  v.,  si  maris,  axi  communi  evoluto  brevi  usque  circ. 
5  mm.  longo  in  pseudoracemum  brevissimum  dispositae,  singulae  uni- 


1 


AQUIFOLIACEAE.  —  ILEX  81 

florae,  sub  lente  valida  brevissime  et  minute  pulvereo-puberulae, 
pedicellis  3-4  mm.  longis,  basi  biprophyllatis,  prophyllis  deltoideis 
acutis,  dorso  medio  plus  minusve  carinatis  et  sub  lente  brevissime 
pilosulis,  circ.  1  mm.  longis;  flores  ex  drupa  4-meri;  calyx  sub  drupa 
4-lobus,  2-2.5  mm.  diam.,  lobis  late  deltoideis  obtusis  vel  rotundatis, 
integris,  0.5-0.75  mm.  longis,  circ.  1.5  mm.  latis.  Drupa  late  ellipsoidea, 
stigmate  discoideo,  obscuro,  4-lobo  coronata,  in  vivo  rubra,  i.  s.  griseo- 
fusea  et  obsolete  rugosa,  circ.  5  mm.  longa,  4-4.5  mm.  lata,  exocarpio 
tunicato  extrinsecus  sub  lente  valida  tenuissime  subtuberculato- 
ruguloso,  mesocarpio  tenui  carnoso,  4-pyrena,  pyrenis  circ.  3.5  mm. 
longis,  1.75  mm.  latis,  trigonis,  longitudinaliter  paucistriolatis  et 
impresso-subsulcatis,  tenacibus,  lignescentibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Wa-wu,  Hong-yah  Hsien,  alt.  1200  m., 
September  1908  (No.  3099). 

This  species  is  perhaps  better  referred  to  the  section  Microdontae,  but  this 
must  remain  undecided,  until  the  $  inflorescence  is  known.  The  lustrous  leaves 
with  the  midribs  impressed  on  their  upper  surface,  the  nearly  obsolete  veins  and 
the  plicate-rugulose  epidermis  of  the  lower  surface  indicate,  however,  that  it  may 
belong  with  the  section  Rugosae. 

Ilex  macrocarpa  Oliver,  var.  a  genuina  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.- 
Carol.  LXXVIII.  491  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt.  600-1000 m.,  November 

1907  (No.  151,  in  part);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  600-1000  m., 
May  3  and  October  1907  (No.  151,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  roadsides, 
etc.,  alt.  300-900  m..  May  1907  (No.  3089,  in  part). 

Ilex  macrocarpa,  var.  (3  trichophylla  Loesener,  I.  c.  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  600-1000  m., 
May  3  and  October  1907  (No.  151,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  roadsides, 
etc.,  alt.  300-900  m..  May  1907  (No.  3089,  in  parte). 

The  specimens  distributed  under  Nos.  151  and  3089  represent  partly  the  typical 
form  and  partly  this  variety,  which  differs  in  its  longer  pedicels  and  in  the  leaves 
being  pubescent  beneath  from  the  typical  form  with  its  shorter  pedicels  and  glabrous 
leaves. 

Ilex  Henryi  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol  LXXVIII.  491  (1901). 
Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  alt.  600-900  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  3088). 

Ilex  fragilis  Hooker  f.,  a  genuina  Loesener  in  Nov.  Act.  Leop.-Carol. 
XXVIII.  493  (1901). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt.  2400  m.,  September  15, 

1908  (No.  892). 


82  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Ilex  fragilis,  ^  Kingii  Loesener  in  Nov.  Ad.  Leop.-Carol.  XXVIII. 
493  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  1800- 
2300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  892^). 

Ilex  dubia  Britton,  Sterns  &  Poggenburg,  var.  e  pseudomacropoda 
Loesener,  n.  var. 

Ramulis  abbreviatis  crassis  usque  4.5  cm.  longis,  foliis  subtus  glabris  a  var. 
macropoda  diversa  quacum  ceterum  congruens. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods  (only  one  tree  seen), 

alt.  2100  m.,  May  31,  1907  (No.  3090). 

No.  664  is  represented  only  by  a  leafless  fruiting  branch  and  cannot  be  posi- 
tively identified  without  leaves;  it  belongs  either  to  Ilex  micrococca  Maximowicz  or 
to  a  closely  aUied  species. 


ACERACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 
DIPTERONIA  Oliver. 

Dipteronia  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  ^H^IX.  t.  189S  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ictiang,  woodlands,  alt. 
900-1800  m.,  June  1907  (No.  883,  in  part);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  900- 
1800  m.,  September  1907  (No.  883,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt. 
900-1600  m.,  July  1907  (No.  883,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  1600  m., 
June  1907  (No.  883,  in  part).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  September  1907  (No.  883,  in  part). 

The  fruits  of  the  specimens  from  Mupin  are  somewhat  larger  and  sometimes 
3  cm.,  long. 

ACER  L. 

Sect.    PLATANOIDEA  Pax. 

Acer  pictum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  162  (1784). 
The  typical  form  does  not  occur  in  China. 

Acer  pictum,  var.  parviflorum  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk.  II.  225  (1907). 

Acer  mono  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Phys.  Math.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XV. 
126  (1857);  in  Mel.  Biol.  II.  416  (1857). 

Acer  laetum,  y  'parviflorum  Regel  in  Bull.  Phys.  Math.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, XV.  219  (1857);  in  Mel.  Biol.  II.  486  (1857). 

Acer  pictum,  var.  mono  Pax  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  VII.  236  (1886);  in  Engler,  Pflanzen- 
reich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  47  (1903).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
I.  177  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1200-2300 
m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Nos.  310,  1889?,  1905,  1915,  1919, 
1921);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-1800  m..  May  31,  1907 
(No.  642);  Wen-tsao-shan,  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1800-2400  m., 
May  1907  (Nos.  1897,  1922);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  woodlands.  May, 
July,  and  September  1907  (Nos.  1923,  1926,  2049).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu,  forests,  alt.  2300- 

83 


84  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

2800  m.,  July  3,  1908  (No.  1935);  southeast  of  Sungpan,  woods,  alt. 
2400-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4507). 

Acer  fulvescens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  usque  ad  20  m.  alta  trunco  ad  65  cm.  diam.;  cortex  trunci 
modice  laevis,  longitudinaliter  leviter  tantum  fissus,  cinereus  v.  flavido- 
cinereus,  lenticellis  bruimeis  saepe  in  series  horizontales  confluentes 
dispositis  instructus.  Ramuli  juniores  glabri,  annotini  pallide  bruimei 
V.  griseo-brunnei  v.  grisei,  lenticellis  paucis  instruct!.  Gemmae  brun- 
neae,  perulis  4-6  exterioribus.  Folia  membranacea,  graciliter  petio- 
lata,  circuitu  suborbicularia,  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  plerum- 
que  trilobata,  interdum  lobis  duobus  basalibus  minutis  additis,  sinu- 
bus  latissimis  apertis,  lobis  brevibus  late  triangulari-ovatis,  subito 
longe  acuminatis,  5-9  cm.  longa  et  5-10  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra 
et  laete  viridia,  subtus  pallidiora,  minute  reticulata,  tomento  villoso 
initio  flavescente,  demum  fulvescente  laxe  obtecta;  petioli  glabri  v. 
tantum  apicem  versus  pubescentes,  rarius  toti  puberuli,  2.5-6  cm. 
longi.  Corymbus  pedicello  glabro,  2-3  cm.  longo  insidens,  laxus, 
multiflorus,  pedicellis  gracilibus  glabris  v.  apicem  versus  puberulis  v. 
interdum  cor>inbus  totus  puberulus;  flores  desiderantur.  Samara 
alls  horizontalibus  loculo  compresso  8  mm.  longo  incluso  3  cm.  longis, 
supra  medium  latissimis  et  circa  1  cm.  latis,  juniora  purpurascentia, 
demum  pallide  flavido-brurmea. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  2100-2700  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1004,  type);  Wa-shan,  woods, 
alt.  1800-2300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1162);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1500- 
2000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1907). 

Acer  fulvescens  seems  most  nearly  related  to  Acer  pictum  Thunberg,  which  has 
the  branches  covered  with  the  same  kind  of  bark,  but  differs  in  the  glabrous  gen- 
erally five-lobed  leaves  and  the  shorter  wings  of  the  fruits.  Acer  longipes,  which  is 
very  similar,  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  smooth  greenish  or  purplish  bark  of  the 
younger  branches  without  lenticels,  the  perfectly  glabrous  corymbs  and  petioles 
and  by  the  larger  leaves,  their  pubescence  being  not  yellowish  or  fulvous.  Nos.  1162 
and  1907  differ  from  the  type  in  their  puberulous  inflorescence.  No.  1907  has  even 
the  whole  petioles  and  the  young  branchlets  below  the  nodes  puberulous. 

Acer  cappadocicum  Gleditsch,  in  Schrift.  Gesell.  Naturf.  Freunde  Ber- 
lin, VI.  116,  t.  2  (1785). 

Acer  ynonspessulanum,  var.  i3  Linnaeus,  Sp.  1056  (in  part  as  to  syn.  Tournefort) 

(1753). 
Acer  laetum  C.  A.  Meyer,  Verz.  Kauk.  Pflanz.  206  (1831).  — Pax  in  Engler, 

Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  48  (1902). —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and 

Shrubs,  I.  177  (1905). 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  85 

Though  Gleditsch's  species  is  based  only  on  a  single  leaf  without  flowers  or 
fruits,  the  figure  leaves  no  doubt  that  it  is  the  same  as  A.  laeturn  C.  A.  Meyer,  and 
his  name  being  about  45  years  older  must  supersede  that  given  by  Meyer.  Acer 
cappadocicum  is  based  on  a  leaf  collected  by  Gundelsheimer,  who  traveled  with 
Tournefort  in  Asia  Minor  during  the  years  1700  to  1702.  The  same  species  is 
mentioned  by  Tournefort  {Coroll.  43)  under  the  name  Acer  orierUalis  Hederae  folio, 
but  without  any  description  or  remark. 

Acer  cappadocicum,  var.  sinicum  Rehdcr,  n.  var. 

Acer  laeturn  var.  cuUratum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  48 
(in  part)  (1902).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  178  (in  part) 
(1905). 

A  typo  differt  foliis  minoribus  plerumque  6-9  cm.  longLs  quinque- 
lobis  basi  subcordatis  v.  truncatis,  fructibus  minoribus  alis  loculo 
incluso  2.5-3  cm.  longis,  floribus  minoribus. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
May  11,  1907  (No.  1884);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500  m.,  May 
1907  (No.  1925).  Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast 
of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300  m.,  July  5,  1908  (No.  1903);  Wa-ssu 
country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2100-2600  m.,  October  (No. 
1009). 

To  this  variety  I  refer  all  Chinese  specimens  I  have  seen  from  Hupeh,  Szech'uan, 
and  Yunnan.  It  differs  from  var.  indicum  in  its  smaller  leaves  with  narrower  and 
longer  lobes,  purplish  when  unfolding  and  less  densely  bearded  in  the  axils  of  the 
primary  veins  beneath  and  in  the  smaller  flowers  and  fruits.  In  the  shape  and  size 
of  its  leaves  it  much  resembles  A.  pictum,  var.  parviflorum  C.  K.  Schneider,  but  is 
easily  distinguished  by  the  smooth  greenish  bark  of  the  young  branches.  No.  1903 
from  Szech'uan  differs  from  the  typical  form  in  its  somewhat  larger  leaves,  7  to 
11  cm.  long,  and  Henry's  No.  10877  from  Yunnan  in  its  shghtly  hairy  calyx  and 
ciliate  sepals. 

Acer  cappadocicum  and  particularly  its  variety  sinicum  is  often  confounded  with 
Acer  pictum,  as  the  relative  length  of  wing  and  nutlet,  usually  given  as  the  chief 
distinguishing  character,  is  very  variable  in  both  species.  The  best  character  by 
which  to  distinguish  these  two  species  seems  to  lie  in  the  bark  of  the  younger 
branches;  this  character  has  moreover  the  advantage  that  it  is  always  recognizable 
even  in  winter.  In  Acer  pictum  the  epidermis  of  the  young  branches  ceases  growing 
during  the  first  summer,  and  the  bark  of  the  branches  becomes  corky  and  grayish 
white,  ashy  gray  or  fight  grayish  brown  and  is  marked  with  conspicuous  lenticels  and 
in  the  second  year  with  slight  longitudinal  fissures,  while  in  A.  cappadocicum  the 
branches  remain  covered  by  the  growing  epidermis  for  several  years,  and  are  there- 
fore smooth,  ranging  from  green  or  greenish  to  purple  in  color,  marked  with  only 
few  and  small  lenticels  or  are  without  lenticels.  Other  distinguishing  characters 
are  the  generally  truncate  leaves,  at  least  in  the  Chinese  variety,  in  A.  pictum  they 
are  subcordate,  the  more  convex  and  smaller  nutlets  in  A.  cappadocicum  and  the 
wing  contracted  at  the  base,  while  in  A.  piclum  the  nutlets  are  much  compressed, 
almost  flat,  and  the  wings  are  of  nearly  the  same  width  through  their  whole  length. 
The  terminal  winter-buds  of  A.  pictum  have  2  to  3  pairs  of  outer  scales,  those  of 
A.  cappadocicum  3  to  4  pairs. 


86  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Acer  cappadocicum,  f.  tricaudatum  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Acer  laeluvi,  var.  tricaudatum  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  178 
(1905). 
Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1700  m.,  May  14,  1907 
(No.  1892) .    WesternSzech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  side  of  streams, 
alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1358). 

In  No.  1358  the  wings  of  the  fruit  are  scarcely  twice  as  long  as  the  nutlets  and 
the  fruits  much  resemble  those  of  A.  pictum  Thunberg,  but  the  bark  shows  the 
character  of  A.  cappadocicum.  Acer  cappadocicum,  f .  tricaudatum  is  apparently  only 
a  form  of  the  preceding  variety  and  possibly  the  variation  is  not  even  constant. ^ 

Acer  amplum  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-12  m.  alta  ramulis  junioribus  glabris  viridibus  v.  purpureo- 
viridibus  laevibus  lenticellis  parvis  paucis  institutis  epidermate  per 
plures  annos  persistente.  Gemmae  subglobosae,  pallide  olivaceae, 
perulis  circa  6  exterioribus  obtusis  glabris  margine  minute  ciliato 
excepto,  perulis  interioribus  accrescentibus  extus  pilis  fulvis  appres- 
sis  vestitis.    Folia  chartacea,  quinque-loba,  latiora  quam  longa,  basi 

1  The  change  of  the  specific  name  makes  necessary,  besides  those  mentioned 
above,  the  following  new  combinations  of  varietal  names: 

Acer  cappadocicum,  f.  horticola  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Acer  laetum,  f.  horticola  Pax  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  VII.  238  (1886). 
Acer  laetum,  f.  rubrum  Schwerin  in  Gartenfl.  XLII.  459  (1893). 
Acer  cappadocicum,  f.  tricolor  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Acer  laetum,  f.  tricolor  Schwerin  in  Gartenfl.  XLII.  459  (1893). 
Acer  cappadocicum,  var.  indicum  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Acer  cultratum  Wallich,  PI.  As.  Rar.  II.  4  (1831). 

Acer  Lobelii,  subsp.  laetum,  var.  indicum  Pax  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  VII.  237  (1886). 
Acer  laetum,  var.  indicum  Schwerin,  Gartenfl.  XLII.  459  (1893). 
Acer  laetum,  var.  cultratum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft.  8  (IV.  163),  48 
(1902). 
Of  the  other  published  names  two,  Acer  laetum,  var.  colchicum  Pax  and  Acer 
laetum,  f .  viride  Hesse  represent  the  type  and  need  therefore  no  new  names,  while 
the  two  following  varieties  must  be  referred  to  other  species. 

Acer  laetum,  var.  tomentosulum  Rehder  is  identical  with  Acer  longipes  Franchet. 
It  was  originally  based  on  a  flowering  branch  with  undeveloped,  only  partly  un- 
folded leaves,  apparently  quite  different  from  those  of  A.  longipes,  of  which  I  also 
had  seen  at  that  time  only  a  few  specimens.  Additional  material,  however,  recently 
received  convinced  me  that  it  cannot  be  separated  from  A.  longipes. 

Acer  laetum,  var.  Regelii  Pax  is  identical  with  A.  turkestanicum  Pax  in  Engler, 
Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  48  (1902),  as  is  shown  by  the  collection  of  Turkes- 
tanian  Maples  of  the  St.  Petersburg  Herbarimn,  wliich  was  loaned  to  me  through 
the  kindness  of  Mr.  Lipsky.  The  leaves  are  always  pubescent  beneath,  though  at 
maturity  the  pubescence  is  sometimes  much  reduced  and  hardly  noticeable  with- 
out a  lens,  which  probably  accounts  for  the  fact  that  Pax  placed  the  fruiting  speci- 
men under  the  glabrous  A.  laetum. 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  87 

truncata  v.  subcordata,  10-18  cm.  lata  et  9-16  cm.  longa,  lobis  late 
ovatis  brevibus,  subito  longe  acuminatis,  basalibus  interdum  minutis 
V.  fere  obsoletis,  sinubus  late  apertis,  supra  glabra,  obscure  viridia, 
subtus  laete  viridia,  glabra  axillis  barbatis  exceptis,  initio  ut  supra 
sparse  glandulosa,  interdum  ad  basin  puberula,  maturitate  reticu- 
lata; petioli  graciles,  glabri  v.  apice  tantum  puberuli,  7-10  cm.  longi. 
Corymbus  fere  sessilis  v.  pedunculo  vix  5  mm.  longo,  amplus  et 
laxus,  12-15  cm.  diam.,  glaber,  pedicellis  gracilibus  perianthio  longi- 
oribus;  flores  12  mm.  diam.;  sepala  oblonga,  apice  obtusa,  glabra, 
5  mm.  longa,  viridi-alba;  petala  obovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  basi  con- 
tracta,  6  mm.  longa  et  3-4  mm.  lata,  alba;  stamina  petalis  breviora; 
ovarium  glandulosum;  stylus  1.5  mm.  longus  stigmatibus  recurvis 
stylum  aequantibus.  Samara  alis  angulo  obtuso  v.  recto  divergenti- 
bus  loculo  leviter  venoso  11  mm.  longo  et  7  mm.  lato  incluso  3.5-4.5 
cm.  longis  et  12-15  mm.  latis,  medio  latissimis,  pallide  brunneis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
June  and  July  1907  (Nos.  1906,  1938);  without  locality,  April  and 
May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  287,  605). 

Acer  amplum  is  nearly  related  to  A.  cappadocicum  Gleditsch,  which  differs  chiefly 
in  its  smaller  long-peduncled  inflorescence  and  smaller  leaves  with  narrower  and 
longer  lobes.  It  forms  with  A.  catalpifolium  and  A.  longipes  a  group  of  closely 
related  species  characterized  by  the  sessile  ample  inflorescence. 

Acer  amplum,  var.  tientaiense  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Acer  longipes,  var.  tientaiense  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  224 
(1907). 

Folia  plerumque  trilobis  interdum  utrinque  lobo  basali  minuto  in- 
structa,  latiora  quam  longa,  7-16  cm.  lata  et  6-14  cm.  longa,  basi 
plerumque  truncata,  utrinque  glabra,  lobis  oblongo-ovatis  longe 
acuminatis,  margine  undulato.  Samara  alis  loculo  incluso  2.5-3.5  cm. 
longis  plerumque  vix  1  cm.  latis.     Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Chekiang:  Tientai  Mts.,  1889,  E.  Faber  (No.  202).  Kiangsi: 
Kuling,  near  temple,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  29,  1907  (No.  1502). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  smaller  more  often  3-lobed  leaves 
with  longer  and  narrower  lobes  and  in  the  smaller  fruits  with  narrower  wings.  The 
specimens  from  Kuling  approach  the  type  in  the  larger  mostly  5-lobed  leaves  and 
the  somewhat  larger  fruits. 

Acer  catalpifolium  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-23  m.  alta;  truncus  ad  1.20  m.  diam.,  cortice  pallido 
einerco-flavido  interdum  decorticante  et  corticem  interiorem  cin- 
namomeum  detegente  obtectus;  ramuli  juniores  glaberrimi  sine  len- 


88  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ticellis  V.  lenticellis  perpaucis  parvis  instruct!,  virides  v  purpurascentes, 
vetustiores  epidermate  laevi  per  plures  annos  persistente  instructi. 
Gemmae  ovoideae,  circa  8  mm.  longae,  olivaceae,  glaberrimae,  perulis 
6  V.  8  exterioribus,  inferioribus  fere  semiorbicularibus,  superioribus 
ovatis  obtusiusculis.  Folia  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  longe  acuminata, 
basi  rotundata,  indivisa  et  integra  v.  infra  medium  utrinque  lobo 
rotundato  brevissimo  instructa,  9-18  cm.  longa  et  4.5-12  cm.  lata, 
rarissime  foliis  3-5-lobis  fere  tam  latis  quam  longis,  lobis  late  ovatis 
longe  acuminatis  instructis,  basi  truncatis  v.  subcordatis  intermixtis, 
utrinque  glabra  et  laete  viridia,  subtus  reticulata  et  in  axillis  barbu- 
lata;  petioli  glabri,  virides,  4-14  cm.  longi.  Corymbus  sessilis,  multi- 
florus,  laxus,  usque  ad  20  cm.  diam.;  flores  desiderantur.  Fructus 
pallide  fiavido-brunnei ;  alae  cum  loculis  complanatis  elevato-striatis 
4-5  cm.  longae  et  10-13  mm.  latae,  rectae,  angulo  obtuso  divergentes. 
Western  Szech'uan:  near  Ya-chou  Fu,  side  of  streams,  alt.  800- 
900  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1359,  in  part),  alt.  450-600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4208);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  900  m.,  June  17,  1908  (No. 
1359,  in  part),  without  locality.  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3350). 

Acer  catalpifolium  is  nearly  allied  to  A .  amplum  and  to  A .  longipes,  both  of  which 
are  easily  distinguished  by  their  three-  or  five-lobed  leaves.  Acer  longipes,  which 
occasionally  produces  some  undivided  leaves,  differs  besides  in  the  pubescent  under 
side  of  the  leaves.  According  to  Wilson  this  species  is  a  handsome  tree  of  very  dis- 
tinct appearance  with  the  foUage  turning  yellow  in  autumn. 

Acer  longipes  Franchet  apud  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
I.  178  (1905). 

Acer  laetum,  var.  tomentosulum  Rehder,  I.  c. 

Western  Hupeh:  South  Wushan,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  October 
1907  (No.  434,  in  part);  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1600  m..  May  21,  1907  (No. 
434,  in  part);  Chang-yang,  alt.  1600  m.,  October  1907  (No.  434  in 
part;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  not  common,  alt.  1800  m..  May  10, 
1907  (No.  1909). 

Additional  material  has  shown  that  the  leaves  are  sometimes  five-lobed,  and 
that  apparently  my  A.  laetum,  var.  tomentosulum,  which  was  based  on  a  flowering 
specimen  with  only  half  grown  leaves,  belongs  to  this  species,  so  that  now  the 
pubescence  of  the  foliage  constitutes  the  chief  character  by  which  to  distinguish 
A.  longipes  from  A.  cappadocicum  and  A.  amplum. 

Sect.   PALMATA 

Acer  palmatum  Thunberg,  Fl  Jap.  162  (1784). 
Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  28  and  31,  1907  (Nos. 
1504,  1505). 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  89 

These  specimens  agree  well  with  typical  A.  palmatum;  the  leaves  are  generally 
seven-lobed,  about  6-8  cm.  in  diameter  with  oblong-ovate,  acuminate  and  doubly 
serrate  lobes,  quite  glabrous  beneath  except  tufts  of  hairs  at  the  base  of  the  primary 
veins,  and  slightly  reticulate;  the  wings  of  the  fruit  measure  with  the  nutlet  2-2.2 
cm.  The  Hupeh  specimens  referred  by  me  previously  (in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
I.  179)  to  this  species  belong  to  the  following  species. 

Acer  robustum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163), 
79  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  May, 
June  and  October  1907  (Nos.  339,  1890,  1932);  Fang  Hsien,  side  of 
streams,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  May  21,  27  and  July  1907  (Nos.  1899, 
1900,  1913,  1920);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  Sep- 
tember 1907  (No.  2050);  without  locality  (Veitch.  Exped.  Nos.  538, 
540). 

Acer  robustum  differs  from  A.  palmatum  chiefly  in  its  larger  fruits  and  the  larger 
and  broader  sepals  and  petals;  the  sepals  and  young  fruits  are  purple.  The  leaves 
when  imfolding  are  thinly  covered  with  long  hairs,  but  soon  become  glabrous  ex- 
cept the  bearded  axils  of  the  veins;  the  inflorescence  is  also  at  first  sUghtly  hairy. 

Acer  ceriferum  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10  m.  alta  trunco  circuitu  metrali;  ramuli  hornotini  tomento 
villoso  cinereo  partim  usque  secundum  annum  persistenti  vestiti, 
vetustiores  olivacei  v.  brunnei,  laeves,  cereo  albido-cinereo  obtecti. 
Folia  membranacea,  quinque-  v.  septem-lobata,  circuitu  fere  semior- 
bicularia,  latiora  quam  longa,  basi  truncata  v.  subcordata,  5-8  cm. 
lata  et  4.5-6  cm.  longa,  lobis  ovato-oblongis,  acuminatis,  simpliciter 
et  argute  serrulatis,  sinubus  acutis  mediam  laminam  attingentibus, 
supra  laete  viridia,  subtus  pallidiora  et  reticulata,  utrinque  ad  venas 
primarias  pubescentia  subtus  densius,  in  axillis  venarum  non  barbata; 
petioli  2.5-4  cm.  longi,  floccoso-villosi.  Flores  desiderantur.  Fructus 
(immaturi  sed  evidenter  ad  iustam  magnitudinem  perventi)  3-6  in 
corymbo  parvo;  pedunculus  gracilis,  4  cm.  longus,  laxe  villosus;  sepala 
diu  persistentia,  oblonga,  intus  villosa;  loculi  horizontaliter  patentes, 
6  mm.  longi  et  4  mm.  lati,  laxe  villosi,  alae  leviter  incurvac  cum  loculis 
2  cm.  longae,  supra  medium  8  mm.  latae,  in  loculum  attenuatae,  non 
decurrentes. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  ravines  (only  one  tree  seen),  alt. 
1500  m.,  June  and  July  1907  (No.  1934). 

On  account  of  its  pubescence  this  species  seems  most  nearly  related  to  A.  Sieboldi- 
anum  Miquel,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  seven-  to  eleven-lobed  leaves,  the 
bearded  axils  of  the  under  side,  the  stouter  petioles,  the  decurrent  wing  of  the 
fruit  and  the  absence  of  the  waxy  covering  of  the  branches. 


90  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 


Sect.  SPICATA  Pax. 

Acer  Oliverianum  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1897  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  1936).^ 

Acer  Giraldii  Pax  in  Y^nglev, Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  79  (1902). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Sungpan,  forests,  alt,  2400  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4506).     Shensi:  G.  Oiraldi  (No.  2115,  2136). 

Closely  related  to  A .  caesium  Wallich  from  which  it  differs  chiefly  in  the  broader, 
less  acuminate  lobes,  the  minute  often  obsolete  basal  lobes,  the  coarser  and  more 
remote  serration  and  the  strongly  reticulate  under  side  of  the  leaves.  The  size  of 
the  fruits  seems  to  afford  no  distinguishing  character,  for  I  have  before  me  Hima- 
layan specimens  with  fruits  about  4  cm.  long  and  Wilson's  No.  4506  has  fruits  5.5 
cm.  long.  Wilson's  No.  2707  (in  Herb.  Kew.)  from  Hupeh  referred  by  me  formerly 
to  A.  caesium,  probably  belongs  here. 

Acer  sinense  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1897  (1889). 
Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-2100   m. 
(No.  1885). 

Wilson's  No.  1885,  consisting  only  of  sterile  branches,  is  possibly  a  juvenile  form 
of  A.  sinense;  it  differs  from  the  typical  form  in  its  deeply  divided  five-lobed  leaves 
with  oblong,  rather  narrow  lobes,  the  middle  one  7-8  cm.  long  and  3  cm.  broad. 
Apparently  the  same  form  is  figured  by  Veitch  as  A.  spec,  (in  Jour.  Roy.  Hort.  Soc. 
XXIX.  354,  fig.  99,  103).  I  have  not  been  able  to  find  among  Wilson's  and  Henry's 
flowering  and  fruiting  material  a  specimen  which  matches  this  form  in  the  shape 
of  the  leaves. 

Acer  Wilsonii  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  157,  t.  79 
(1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  South  Wushan,  woods,  alt.  1200-1800  m., 
September  1907  (No.  233). 

Acer  erianthum  Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  X.  59  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  1931),  October  1910  (No.  4428);  southeast  of  Sungpan,  alt. 
2500  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4508). 

1  There  may  be  added  a  note  on  a  variety  from  Fokien. 

Acer  Oliverianum,  var.  serrulatum  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Acer  Wilsonii,  var.  serrulatum  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXVIII.  358  (1908). 

Fokien:  April  to  June  1905,5.  T.Dunn  (Herb.  Hongkong  Bot.  Gard.  No.  2545). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  its  smaller,  three-lobed  leaves  with  short  ovate  ap- 
pressed  serrulate  lobes  narrowed  into  a  short  obtusish  acumen,  glabrous  on  both 
sides,  reticulate  beneath,  2.5-4  cm.  long  and  3.5-5.5  cm.  broad;  corymb  small  and 
few-flowered.  To  A.  Wilsonii  Rehder  it  seems  less  closely  related;  that  species 
differs  from  it  widely  in  its  paniculate  inflorescence,  and  in  the  entire  or  nearly 
entire  lobes  of  the  thinner  leaves. 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  91 

Acer  flabellatum  Rehdcr  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  161,  t.  81 
(1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Sheng-tung-chin,  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt. 
2100  m.,  May  19,  1907  (No.  683,  flowers);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (Nos.  1891,  1912);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  May  19  and  June  4,  1907  (Nos.  1902, 
1911);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1910). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1800-2100  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  1006),  alt.  2700  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4101);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2100  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  1908). 

Acer  caudatum  Wallich,  PL  As.  Bar.  II.  4,  28,  t.  132  (1831). 
The  typical  form  does  not  occur  in  China. 

Acer  caudatum,  var.  multiserratum  (Maximo wicz)  Rehder  in  Sar- 
gent, Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  163  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods  and  thickets,  common,  alt. 
2300-2700  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (Nos.  309,  1928).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  and  July  1908 
(Nos.  mo,  in  part,  1930);  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2100- 
2700  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (Nos.  iiio,  4335);  Wa-shan,  woods, 
alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1161);  southeast  of 
Sungpan,  woodlands,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4510); 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2700-2900  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4143). 

Most  of  the  Szech'uan  specimens  approach  var.  Prattii  Rehder  in  the  more  or 
less  pubescent  petioles  and  branchlets. 

Acer  caudatum,  var.  Prattii  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I. 
164  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2700  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4211);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  2400  m.,  Novem- 
ber 1910  (No.  4103). 

Acer  tataricum  Linnaeus,  Spec.  II.  1054  (1753). 
Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  roadside  thickets,  alt.  300  m..  May  3, 
1907  (No.  1933).    Chekiang:  Ningpo,  /.  Macgregor. 

Acer  trifidum  Hooker  and  Arnott,  Bot.  Voy.  Beechey,  174  (not 
Thunberg)  (1841). 

Chekiang:  Ningpo,  7.  Macgregor. 


92  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Acer  trifidum,  var.  ningpoense  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XI.  168  (1873). 
Kiangsi:  Kiukiang  Plain  (at  one  place  only),  alt.  100  m.,  August  2, 
1907  (No.  1503). 

Sect.   INTEGRIFOLIA  Pax » 

Acer  oblongum  Wallich  apud  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  I.  593  (1824). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  around  temples,  alt.  30-300  m.,  August 
and  October  1907  (No.  257);  Fang  Hsien,  around  houses,  alt.  600- 
900  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1929,  in  part);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  roadsides, 
alt.  300-900  m.  (No.  1929,  in  part). 

Acer  oblongum,  var.  latialatum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8 
(IV.  163),  31  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  300-900  m.,  May  and 
October  1907  (No.  376,  in  part);  Ichang,  alt.  30-900  m.,  May  and 
September  1907  (No.  376,  in  part). 

Acer  laevigatum  Wallich,  PI.  As.  Bar.  II.  3,  t.  104  (1831). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  300-900  m.,  July  and 
September  1907  (No.  1924).  Western  Szech'uan:  near  Ya-chou, 
alt.  600-900  m.,  May,  June,  and  September  1908  (No.  979). 

Acer  Fargesii  Franchet  apud  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
I.  180  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.. 
May  1907  (No.  1937). 

Sect.   MACRANTHA  Pax,  emend.^ 

Acer  Davidii  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  212 
(1884). 

'  To  record  an  extension  of  range  the  following  species  of  this  section  may  be 
mentioned  here: 

Acer  cordatum  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1897  (1889). 

Fokien:  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb.  Hongkong  Bot.  Gard.  No. 
2541). 

^  The  fact  that  certain  forms  of  A.  laxiflorwn  Pax  and  A.  Maximowiczii  Pax 
are  so  similar  that  the  separation  of  these  species  becomes  difficult,  has  made  it  ap- 
parent to  me,  that  there  are  no  characters  by  which  to  distinguish  in  the  case  of  some 
of  the  species  the  section  Indivisa  from  the  section  Macrantha.  I  refer  therefore 
all  species  of  the  Indivisa  Pax  to  the  Macrantha,  except  A.  stachyophyllurn  Hiern, 
which  I  have  already,  in  1905,  transferred  to  the  section  Arguta,  A.  distylum  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini,  which  with  its  paniculate  inflorescence  seems  to  find  its  best  place  in 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  93 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  29,  1907  (No.  1501). 
Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-1800  m..  May 
and  October  1907  (Nos.  341,  436,  225,  in  part);  Fang  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1700  m.,  October  1907  (No.  649);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
woods,  abundant,  alt.  1200-2300  m.,  September  and  October  1907 
(No.  225  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1200-1800  m.. 
May  1907  (No.  225,  in  part) ;  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1500- 
2300  m..  May  28,  29  and  June  1907  (No.  225,  in  part);  South  Wushan, 
woods,  alt.  1200-2100  m.,  June  1907  (No.  225,  in  part);  Chang-yang 
Hsien,  alt.  1800  m.,  May  1907  (No.  225,  in  part) ;  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1200-1500  m..  May  1907  (No.  225,  in  part).  WesternSzech'uan: 
foot  of  Pan-Ian-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2100  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1005);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  and  October 
1908  (No.  1005^);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  side  of  streams, 
alt.  2100  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1008,  ioo8%  1918,  in  part); 
southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  June,  1908  (No. 
1917,  in  part);  Hung-ya  Hsien,  alt.  900  m.,  September  12,  1908  (No. 
1917,  in  part);  Chin-ting-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  com- 
mon, alt.  2100-2700  m..  May  1908  (No.  1918,  in  part). 

Acer  laxiflorum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  36 
(1905). 

?  Acer  Pavolinii  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Boi.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  422  (1910). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1800-2300  m.,  July  1908  (Nos.  1007,  1309,  in  part);  alt.  2100- 
2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4099);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1500-2300  m., 
June,  October  and  November  1908  (Nos.  1007'',  1069,  1234);  Wa- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1154); 
southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
1309,  in  part);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2100- 
2400  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1309  in  part);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan 

the  section  Integrifolia,  and  A.  carpinifolium  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  which  remains 
as  the  only  species  in  the  section  Indudsa.  This  section  is  clearly  distinguished  from 
the  Macranlha  by  the  character  of  the  bark  and  particularly  by  the  winter-buds 
which  have  several  pairs  of  outer  imbricate  scales,  while  the  Macranlha  have  only 
two  val vate  outer  scales ;  the  foliage  and  the  inflorescence  of  A .  carpinifolium  are  also 
quite  different  from  that  of  any  species  of  the  Macranlha.  From  the  section 
Macranlha  as  understood  by  Pax  in  his  monograph  two  species,  A.  parviflorum 
Franchet  and  A.  erosum  Pax,  must  be  removed  and  transferred  to  the  Spicata,  the 
last  named  as  a  synonym  to  A.  caudatum,  var.  muUiserraium  Rehder.  In  the  con- 
ception as  now  here  proposed  the  section  Macranlha  will  form  a  group  of  closely 
related  species  very  uniform  in  the  characters  of  inflorescence,  flower  and  fruit. 


94  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1904);  alt.  2400- 
2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4142);  southeast  of  Sungpan,  woods,  alt. 
2400-2700  m.,  August  and  October  1910  (Nos.  4100,  4513). 

I  have  seen  no  specimens  of  Acer  PavoUnii  Pampanini,  but  the  description 
agrees  well  with  A.  laxiflorum;  it  is  based  on  specimens  collected  by  C.  Silvestri  near 
Siang-yang,  which  would  extend  the  range  of  A.  laxiflorum  into  northern  Hupeh. 

Acer  laxiflorum,  var.  longilobum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  foliis  manifeste  quinque-lobatis,  lobis  superioribus 
caudato-acuminatis  acumine  argute  serrato,  interdum  brevibus  et 
brevius  acuminatis,  basalibus  parvis  acutis,  venis  subtus  et  apice 
petioli  tomento  floccoso  flavido  densiore  obtectis,  floribus  purpureis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  2300  m.,  May 
23,  1908  (No.  1927,  type) ;  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  2400-2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4108);  Tu-ti-liang  Mts.,  Lungan 
Fu,  woods,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4509). 

This  variety  differs  markedly  from  the  type  in  its  five-lobed  leaves,  but  occa- 
sionally, particularly  near  the  ends  of  the  shoots,  leaves  appear  which  are  similar 
to  those  of  the  typical  form.  The  variety  presents  also  some  resemblance  io  A.  Maxi- 
mowiczii  Pax,  but  that  species  has  the  middle  lobe  much  more  elongated  and 
narrower,  the  lateral  lobes  more  spreading  and  also  narrower,  and  the  leaves  are 
quite  glabrous  when  unfolding  except  tufts  of  hairs  in  the  axils  of  the  veins. 

Acer  Maximowiczii  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX,  text  to  t.  1897 
(1899). 

A.  urophyllum  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  105  (1890). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  common, 
alt.  1200-2300  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Nos.  355,  in  part,  1914, 
in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1800-2000  m..  May  1907 
(Nos.  355,  in  part,  1914,  in  part);  Wen-tsao  INIt.,  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
woods,  alt.  1800-2000  m..  May  27  and  June  5,  1907  (No.  355,  in  part); 
Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2000-2500  m..  May  and  July  19,  1907  (Nos. 
355,  in  part,  1914,  in  part);  alt.  1500-2400  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4427);  South  Wushan,  woods,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  September  1907  (No. 
229). 

Sect.  ARGUTA  Rehder 

Acer  tetramerum  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1897  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  abundant, 
alt.  1200-2100  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (No.  274,  in  part);  Chang- 
lo  Hsien,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  May  1907  (No.  274,  in  part);  Fang  Hsien, 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  95 

woods,  abundant,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Mo. 
274,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  abundant,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
May  19  and  October  1907  (Nos.  274,  in  part,  430);  Kuan  Pao,  Chang- 
yang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  December  1907  (No.  683,  in 
part,  fruits);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  May  1907 
(No.  274,  in  part);  South  Wushan,  woods,  common,  alt.  1200-1800  m.. 
May  11,  1907  (No.  274,  in  part). 

Part  of  No.  274  represents  A.  tetramerum,  var.  lobulatum  Rehder  (in  Fedde  Rep. 
Nov.  Sp.  I.  174  [1905])  which  passes  gradually  into  the  type  and  is  perhaps  better 
considered  only  a  shghtly  different  form.  This  and  the  type  are  restricted  to 
Hupeh.  The  specimens  of  Szech'uan  differ  in  their  leaves  being  generally  ovate  to 
ovate-oblong  in  outline,  not  or  only  very  slightly  lobed  and  usually  3-nerved  at 
the  base.  In  regard  to  other  characters  they  show  marked  differences,  and  the 
following  three  varieties  can  be  distinguished. 

Acer  tetramerum,  var.  betulifolium  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Acer  betulifolium  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  108  (1890). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Sungpan,  woodlands,  alt.  2400-2800  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4511);  southeast  of  Sungpan,  alt.  3000-3200  m., 
August  1910  (4512);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  1800- 
2400  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  1901);  alt.  2100-2500  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4102).  Kansu:  banks  of  the  river  Lumbu,  south 
of  Mt.  Chagolo,  July  11,  1885,  S.  N.  Potanin.  Northern  Shensi: 
G.  Giraldi  (Nos.  2118,  2119,  7137,  in  herb.  Florence). 

With  the  recent  material  collected  by  "Wilson  in  northwestern  Szech'uan  at 
hand  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion,  that  A.  betulifolium  cannot  be  separated 
specifically  from  A.  tetramerum.  Simgpan  is  situated  only  about  80  miles  south- 
west of  the  type  locality  and  Wen-chuan  Hsien  about  100  miles  south  of  Sung- 
pan, so  that  apparently  the  variety  betulifolium  is  restricted  to  the  northwestern 
part  of  the  range  of  the  whole  species.  It  is  chiefly  distinguished  from  the  type 
by  its  ovate  or  oblong-ovate  leaves,  not  or  only  very  slightly  lobulate,  glabrous  or 
glabrescent  and  usually  three-nerved  at  the  rounded  or  sometimes  cuneate  base 
and  by  the  broader  wings  of  the  fruits. 

Acer  tetramerum,  var.  betulifolium  f.  latialatum  Rehder,  n.  forma. 

Recedit  a  varietate  praecedente  praecipue  racemis  elongatis  ad  18 
cm.  longis  et  alls  latioribus  leviter  introrsum  falcatis,  ad  14  mm.  latis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Sungpan,  woodlands,  alt. 
2400-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4104,  in  part). 

A  very  striking  plant  in  fruit  with  its  long  pendulous  racemes  and  broad  wings. 

Acer  tetramerum,  var.  elobulatum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Acer  ietrameram  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs  I.  171,  t.  85  (in  part  as 
to  the  Szech'uan  specimens  and  fig.  7)  (1905). 


90  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  ovatis  v.  ovato-oblongis,  6-8  cm.  longis,  mani- 
feste  caudatis,  duplicato-serratis,  nee  v.  vix  lobulatis,  basi  rotundatis 
\.  interdum  angustatis,  plerumque  trinerviis,  supra  fere  glabris,  sub- 
tus  villosulis  V.  ad  venas  densius,  facie  sparsius  adpresse  pubescentibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt.  2100  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  1895);  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  1898);  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m..  May  23,  1908 
(No.  1894);  no  locahty,  alt.  2400-2700  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3348);  Nanto  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1233);  no  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  8799). 

This  variety  is  distributed  from  Wen-chuan  southward,  but  does  not  extend 
into  western  Hupeh.  The  typical  form  differs  from  this  variety  chiefly  in  the  smal- 
ler triangular-ovate  leaves,  more  or  less  lobed  and  sparingly  pubescent  on  both 
sides  or,  while  young,  rarely  glabrescent.  The  variety  approaches  in  its  more  ex- 
treme forms  A.  stachyophyllum  Hiem,  which  differs  chiefly  in  its  leaves  being 
densely  villous  beneath,  in  its  larger  fruits  and  in  the  often  branched  racemes. 

Acer  tetramerum,  var.  elobulatum,  f.  longeracemosum  Rehder,  n. 
forma. 

Recedit  a  varietate  praecedente  racemis  elongatis  ad  18  cm.  longis, 
pedicellis  ad  4  cm.  longis,  alis  cum  loculo  3.5-4  cm.  longis,  foliis  pler- 
umque majoribus,  7-11  cm.  longis,  petiolis  ad  8  cm.  longis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Nin-tou-shan,westof  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  1896,  type);  Mupin,  woods,  alt. 
2400  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4104,  in  part). 

Differs  strikingly  in  its  very  long  and  slender  racemes  from  the  typical  var. 
elobulatum.  From  forma  latialatum,  which  has  racemes  of  about  the  same  length,  it 
differs  in  the  pubescent  leaves  and  in  the  narrower  wings  generally  about  1  cm. 
broad. 

Acer  tetramerum,  var.  tiliifolium  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis  late  ovatis,  basi  cordatis,  5-nerviis, 
grossius  inaequaliter  v.  duplicater  serratis,  nee  incisis,  nee  lobulatis. 
Folia  4.5-7.5  longa  et  3-5.5  lata,  supra  glabra,  subtus  molliter  pubes- 
centia,  petiolis  2-4  cm.  longis,  glabris.  Fructus  alis  angulo  obtuso 
divergentibus,  rectis,  cum  loculo  3.5-4  cm.  longis  et  8-10  mm.  latis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4107). 

Closely  related  to  the  var.  elobulatum,  but  easily  distinguished  by  the  broadly 
ovate  leaves  cordate  and  5-nerved  at  the  base;  they  resemble  those  of  a  small- 
leaved  Linden. 


ACERACEAE.  —  ACER  97 


Sect.   LITHOCARPA  Pax 

Acer  Franchetii  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1897  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  abundant,  alt. 
1400-1800  m.,  October  1907  (No.  337,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  and  October  1907  (No.  337,  in  part);  Chang- 
lo  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  1907  (No.  337,  in  part);  Fang  Hsien, 
woods,  common,  alt.  1500-1800  m..  May,  July  and  November  1907 
(Nos.  337,  in  part,  1888);  South  Wushan,  woods,  alt.  1200-1800  m., 
May  1907  (No.  337,  in  part) ;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt. 
1500-1800  m.,  May,  June  and  November  1907  (No.  337,  in  part). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  woods,  alt.  1500  m.,  May 
1908  (No.  337,  in  part). 

Sect.  TRIFOLIATA  Pax 

Acer  Henryi  Pax  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  text  to  t.  1896  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
May  and  June  1907  (No.  424,  in  part);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  May  and  June  1907  (No.  424,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien,  alt. 
1200-1800  m..  May  1907  (No.  424,  in  part);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
woods,  abundant,  alt.  1000-1800  m..  May  1907  (No.  424,  in  part); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1700-1800  m..  May  11  and  November 
1907  (Nos.  424,  in  part,  424*). 

The  form  which  has  the  leaflets  always  coarsely  toothed  has  been  distinguished 
as  A.  Henryi,  var.  serratum  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII.  421 
(1910). 

Acer  sutchuense  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  VIII.  294  (1894). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  rare,  alt.  1800-2100  m., 
May  and  June  1907  (Nos.  1886,  1887) ;  southeast  of  Sungpan,  woods, 
alt.  2400-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  1886,  in  part). 

Acer  griseum  Pax  in  Engler,  Pflanzenreich,  Heft  8  (IV.  163),  30 
(1902). 

Acer  nikoense,  var.  griseum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  VIII.  294  (1894). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  not  common,  alt. 
1200-1700  m..  May  14,  October  and  November  1907  (No.  340). 

The  bark  is  dark  cinnamon-brown,  peeling  off  in  thin  flakes  like  that  of  Betula 
nigra,  L. 


98  WILSON   EXPEDITION    TO    CHINA 

Acer  nikoense  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XII. 
227;  in  Mel.  Biol  VI.  370  (1867). 

The  typical  form  is  known  only  from  central  Japan. 

Acer  nikoense,  var.  megalocarpum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subtus  densius  villosis,  foliolis  majoribus,  medio 
saepe  12-16  cm.  longo  et  brevius  petiolulato,  fructibus  majoribus,  alis 
loculo  incluso  5-5.5  cm.  longis  et  15-17  mm.  latis,  gemmis  dense 
cinereo-pubescentibus. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  rare,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  May  1907  (No.  638,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt. 
1500-1800  m.,  May  and  November  1907  (No.  638,  in  part);  Ching-lo 
Hsien,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  1907  (No.  638,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien, 
alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  1907  (No.  638  in  part);  no  locality,  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  368). 

The  Japanese  tree  is  smaller  in  every  part  and  less  pubescent  than  the  Chinese 
variety. 


VITACEAE. 

Determined  by  F.  Gagnepain. 

TETRASTIGMA  Planch. 

Tetrastigma  serrulatum  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner. 
V.  432  (1887). 

Cissus  serndata  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  I.  432  (1820). 

Vitis  serrulata  Wallich  apud  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  77  (1863). 

Western  Szech'uan:  valley  of  Tung-nsi,  east  of  Tachien-lu,  on 
rocks,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  August  1908  (No.  2739). 

Tetrastigma  obtectum  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner. 
V.  434  (1887).  —  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Sijst.  I.  323  (1911). 

Tetrastigma  obtectum,  var.  pilosum  Gagnepain,  I.  c.  324  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  on  rocks,  common,  alt.  300- 
900  m.,  June  8,  1907  (No.  2738).  Western  Szech'uan:  Hung-yah 
Hsien,  adhering  to  red  sandstone  rocks,  abundant,  alt.  600-900  m., 
September  6,  1908  (No.  878). 

CAYRATIA  Juss. 

Cayratia  tenuifolia  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  I.  348  (1911). 

Vitis  tenuifolia  Wight  &  Arnott,  Prodr.  Fl.  Ind.  129  (1834). 
Cissus  tenuifolia  Heyne  in  Wallich,  Cat.,  ex  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr. 
Phaner.  V.  563  (1887). 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1705). 

Cayratia  oligocarpa  Gagnepain,  I.  c.  359  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  road  sides,  etc.,  alt.  300- 
900  m.,  August  1907  (No.  2737);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  chffs,  etc.,  alt. 
300-900  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  342),  ravines,  alt.  300-900 
m.,  June  1907  (No.  35). 

The  determination  of  No.  35  is  somewhat  doubtful  on  account  of  the  absence 
of  fruits;  it  is  possibly  a  form  of  C.  tenuifolia  Gagnepain. 

99 


100  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

AMPELOPSIS  Planch. 

Ampelopsis  aconitifolia  Bunge,  in  Mem.  Sav.  £tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pe- 
tersb.,  11.  86;  (Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.  12)  (1833).  —  Planchon  in  De 
Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  450  (1887). 

Vitis  aconitifolia  Hance  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  77  (1873). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  common,  alt.  600- 
1200  m.,  June  6,  1907  (No.  2735). 

Ampelopsis  heterophylla  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  var.  amurensis 
Planchon,  1.  c.  456  (1887). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Was-su  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1500  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  2719).  Western 
Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  June  and  Sep- 
tember 1907  (No.  157),  alt.  600-1000  m.,  May  and  September  1907 
(No.  2718),  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m..  May  and 
August  1907  (No.  159),  alt.  900-1500  m.,  June  6  and  8,  1907  (Nos. 
2722,  2723);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  June  and 
September  1907  (No.  121),  woodlands,  June  1907  (No.  2721);  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2724).  Kiangsi: 
Ruling,  thickets,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  28,  1907  (No.  1703). 

Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  Delavayana  Gagnepain,  n.  comb. 

Ampelopsis  Delavayana  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,   Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  458 

(1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  900-1000  m.,  October  1907 
(No.  419);  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300-900  m.,  June  and  November 
(No.  604);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-900  m.,  June  and  Sep- 
tember (No.  124);  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  600-900  m.,  June  and 
September  1907  (No.  130). 

Foliage  variable;  Nos.  130  and  604  represent  the  form  with  the  leaves  trif olio- 
late,  while  Noa.  124  and  419  have  the  leaves  simple  like  the  var.  amurensis  and 
only  occasionally  divided  into  three  leaflets. 

Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  Gentiliana  Gagnepain,  n.  comb. 

Vitis  Gentiliana  L6ve\\\6  &  Vaniot  m  Bull.  Soc.  Agric.  Sci.  Sarthe,  LX.  38 
(1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  600-900  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  2734). 

The  leaves  have  either  three  leaflets  with  the  lateral  leaflets  lobed  or  five  leaflets 
with  coarse  and  remote  teeth. 


VITACEAE.  —  PARTHENOCISSUS  101 

Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  cinerea  Gagnepain,  n.  var. 

Folia  3-5  lobata  sinubus  obtusis  v.  rotundatis,  utrinque  dense 
cinereo-pubescentia. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-Io  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  rocks,  etc.,  alt. 
900  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2720);  Ichang,  roadsides,  alt.  300-900  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2736). 

Ampelopsis  megalophylla  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  466 
(1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1200- 
1500  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (No.  143). 

PARTHENOCISSUS  Planch. 

Parthenocissus  Henryana  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  464 

(1900). 

Vitis  Henryana  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.,  132  (1886). 
Psedera  Henryana  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  318  (1909). 

Western  Hupeh:  South  Wushan,  cliffs,  alt.  600-900  m.,  August 
and  December  1907  (No.  440).  Ichang,  glens,  June  6  and  October 
1907  (No.  454). 

Parthenocissus  Thomsonii  Planchon  in  De  CandoUe,  Monogr. 
Phaner.  V.  453  (1887). 

Vitis  Thomsonii  Lawson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  657  (1875). 
Parthenocissus    Henryana,   var.    glaucescens   Diels   &    Gilg    in    Bot.    Jahrb. 
XXIX.  464  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  cliffs,  alt.  600-1200 
m.,  June  and  September  1907  (No.  235);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt.  900- 
1500  m.,  November  1907  (No.  752). 

Parthenocissus  himalayana  Planchon  in  De  CandoUe,  Monogr, 
Phaner.  V.  450  (1887). 

Ampelopsis  himalayana  Royle,  III.  Bot.  Himal.  I.  149  (1839). 
Vitis  himalayana  Lawson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  hid.  I.  055  (1875). 
Psedera  himalayana  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  313  (1909) 
The  typical  form  has  been  reported  from  western  China,  but  is  not  represented 
in  the  Wilson  collection. 

Parthenocissus  himalayana,  var.  rubrifolia  Gagnepain,  n.  comb. 

Vitis  rubrifolia  L6veill6  &  Vaniot  in  Bull.  Soc.  Agric.  Sci.  Sarthe,   LX.  44 

(1905) 
1  Parthenocissus  sinensis  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  463  (1900). 


102  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  clinging  to  rocks,  alt.  1200-1500 
m.,  October  1907  (No.  nog);  South  Wushan,  adhering  to  rocks,  alt. 
900  m.,  September  1907  (No.  205). 

Parthenocissus  Landuk  Gagnepain,  n.  comb. 

Ampelopsis   heterophylla   Blume,   Bijdr.   Fl.    Ned.  Ind.    194   (not  Siebold  & 

Zuccarini)  (1825). 
Cissus  Landuk  Hasskarl  in  Flora,  XXV.  Beibl.  II.  39  (1842). 
Vitis  Landuk  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  90  (1863). 
Landukia  Landuk  Planchon  in  De  CandoUe,  Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  446  (1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  cliffs,  common,  alt. 
300-900  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2731).  Kiangsi:  Kuling,  adnate  to 
rocks,  common,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  31,  1907  (No.  1696  his).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu,  climbing  over 
rocks,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2730). 

The  determination  of  No.  2730  is  only  provisional.  There  is  but  little  differ- 
ence between  this  species  which  has  the  leaves  on  the  flowering  branchlets  always 
3-foliolate  and  the  following  with  the  leaves  on  the  flowering  branchlets  3-lobed. 
Without  fruits  I  had  to  distinguish  these  two  species  by  this  character  alone. 

Parthenocissus  tricuspidata  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr. 
Phaner.  V.  452  (1887). 

Ampelopsis  tricuspidata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abhand.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  II. 

196  (1845). 
Vitis  inconstans  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  )1  (1863). 
Quinaria  tricuspidata  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  398  (1893). 
Psedera  tricuspidata  Rehder  in  Rhodora,  X.  29  (1908). 

Kiangsi:  Kuhng,  common,  adhering  to  rocks,  alt.  1200  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  1696);  Kuhng,  near  temple,  rare,  climbing  on  rocks  and 
trees,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1706).  Western  Hupeh:  south 
of  Ichang,  ravines,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  October  1907  (No.  464). 


VITIS  L.,  Planch,  emend. 

Vitis  flexuosa   Thunberg  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XI.  103  (1793).  — ■ 
Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  347  (1887). 
Vitis  truncata  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  195  (1825). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1200  m., 
June  and  August  1907  (No.  170),  alt.  900-2100  m.,  July  1907  (No. 
2714);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  common,  cliffs,  alt.  600-1200  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2725). 


VITACEAE.  —  VITIS  103 

Vitis  flexuosa,  var.  parvifolia  Gagnepain,  n.  var. 
Vitis  parvifolia  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  I.  662  (1832). 

Vitis  flexuosa,  var.  Wilsonii  Veitch,  Novelties  for  190S-9,  26  (without  suflacient 
description)  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  600-900  m., 
May  1907  (No.  2727);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  600-1200  m., 
May  1907  (No.  2726). 

Vitis  pentagona  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  460  (1900). 
Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  300-600  m.,  August  1, 

1907  (No.  1699).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
thickets,  common,  alt.  300-1200  m..  May  and  September  1907  (No. 
134);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  over  rocks,  alt.  600-900  m.,  July  1907  (No.  77). 
Western    Szech'uan:    Tachien-lu,    alt.    1200-1800    m.,    December 

1908  (No.  I046«). 

No.  77  represents  a  small  dwarfed  form,  resembUng  V.  flexuosa,  var.  parvifolia, 
but  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  is  tomentose. 

Vitis  reticulata  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  No.  12  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  900-1800  m.,  June  and 
September  1907  (No.  250);  cUffs,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  June  and  October 
1907  (No.  378). 

Vitis  Piasezkii  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersb.  XXVII. 
461  (1882) ;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  207. 

Vitis  Pagnuccii  Romanet  du  Caillaud  in  Congr.  Geog.  Toulouse,  1884;  in  Jour, 
de  la  Vigne  1887,  p.  283.  —  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner.  V. 
364  (1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  600-1500 

m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Nos.  215,  126'*,  248,  2717). 

No.  2717  is  remarkable  for  its  polymorphic  foliage  showing  on  the  same  branch 
the  trifoliolate  leaves  of  V.  Piasezkii  and  the  undivided  leaves  of  V.  betidifolia.. 

Vitis  betulifolia  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  461  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  1046);  near  Ta-chien-lu, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1307);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt. 
1500-2100  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2713).  Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  September  1907  (No.  283);  Chang-lo 
Hsien,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  September  1907  (No.  150);  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  900-2100  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (Nos.  242,  246, 
2715,  2716);  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  900-1500  m.,  September  1907  (No. 
126);  Fang  Hsien    ■M.  1600  m.,  September  1907  (No.  286). 


104  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

The  specimens  agree  well  with  the  description  given  by  Diels  and  Gilg,  but  I 
have  not  seen  the  type  of  the  species.  It  seems  to  be  only  a  form  of  V.  Piasezkii 
Maximowicz  with  undivided  or  simply  lobulate  leaves. 

Vitis  armata  Diels  &  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  462  (1900). ^ 

Spinovitis  Davidii  Romanet  du  Caillaud  in  Compt.  Rend.  Acad.  Paris,  XCII. 

1096  (nom.  nudum)  (1881)  —  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hart.  1881,  239;  1885,  55, 

10;  1891,  102,  24-26.  —  Planchon  in  De  Candolle,  Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  365 

(quasi  synon.)  (1887). 
Vitis  Davidii  Foex,  Cour.  Vit.  44  (1886).  —  Mouillefert,  Trai(4  Arh  Arbriss. 

II.  803  (1895).  —  Viala,  Ampelogr.  I.  437,  t.  35  (1910). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  1695*);  cultivated  in  plain,  Kinkiang,  alt.  100  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  1695). 

Vitis  armata,  var.  cyanocarpa  Gagnepain,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  aculeis  rarioribus,  interdum  fere  nullis  in  ramis 
hornotinis.    An  planta  hybrida  inter  V.  armatam  et  V.  hetulifoliam? 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  600- 
1500  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  409);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1500  m.,  September  1907  (No.  291),  alt.  900-1500  m.,  July  1907  (No. 
2732);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  June  and  September  1907 
(No.  603). 

What  is  possibly  the  same  form  has  been  distributed  by  Veitch  under  the  name 
Vitis  armata,  var.  Veitchii,  mentioned  without  sufficient  description  in  his  Novelties 
for  1908-9,  26  f. 

Vitis  Thunbergii  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abhand.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV. 
pt.  ii.  198;  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  90)  (1845).  —  Planchon  in  De  Candolle, 
Monogr.  Phaner.  V.  333  (1887). 

Vitis  bryoniaefolia  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.,  3  (not  Bunge)  (1882) 
Vitis  ficifolia  Bunge  in  M^.  Sav.  &tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  P6tersb.  II.  86  {Enum,  PI. 
Chin.  Bot.  12)  (1833). 

^  Les  descriptions  de  Romanet  du  Caillaud  et  Carridre  concemant  le  Spinovitis 
Davidii  ou  Vitis  Davidii  sont  tres  insuffisantes  au  point  de  vue  des  caracteres.  De 
plus  ces  auteurs  ont  h6sit6  entre  deux  genres  Spinovitis  et  Vitis,  ce  dernier  cit6  in- 
decidemment.  Au  contraire  Diels  et  Gilg  ont  donne  une  description  qui  n'admet 
aucune  equivoque.  C'est  la  raison  pour  laquelle  j'ai  pref^r4  aux  autres  plus  an- 
ciennes,  la  combinaison  plus  recente  Vitis  armata  Diels  &  Gilg. 

F.  Gagnepain. 

The  descriptions  of  this  plant  by  Foex  and  by  Mouillefert  leave  no  possible 
doubt  of  its  identity  and  we  cannot  therefore  accept  the  name  proposed  by  Diels 
&  Gilg  and  now  by  Monsieur  Gagnepain. 

The  name  therefore  of  his  variety  becomes  Vitis  Davidii,  var.  cyanocarpa, 
n.  comb.  C.  S.  S. 


VITACEAE.  —  VITIS  105 

Vitis  Thunbergii,  var.  cinerea  Gagnepain,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  statura  minore,  foliis  parvis  subtus  cinereo-puberulis. 
Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  common,  climbing  or  pros- 
trate over  rocks,  alt.  600-1200  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2728). 
Allied  to  the  following  variety. 

Vitis  Thunbergii,  var.  adstricta,  Gagnepain,  n.  var. 

Vitis  adsincia  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  258  (1882). 
Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  glens,  etc.,  climbing  or  prostrate  over 
rocks,  alt.  300-600  m.,  May  1907  (No.  2729). 

Vitis  Romanetii  Romanet  du  Caillaud  in  Compt.  Rend.  Acad.  Paris, 
XCII.  1096  (nom.  nudum)  (1881).  —  Planchon  in  De  CandoUe,  Mowo^r. 
Phaner.  V.  365  (1887). 

Vitis  rutilans  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1890,  444,  t. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  900- 
1200  m.,  May  1907  (No.  2733). 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 
SAMBUCUS  L. 

Sambucus  javanica  Reinwardt  ex  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  657 
(1825).  —  Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  50  (1909). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m., 
August  1907  (No.  2520). 

Sambucus  Sieboldiana  Blume  apud  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX. 
584  (1901).  — Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  50 
(1909). 

Sambucus  racemosa,  var.  Sieboldiana  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  265 

(1866). 
Sambucus  Sieboldiana  Blume  ex  Miquel,  I.  c.  (quasi  synon.  praeced.) 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300- 
900  m.  (No.  2528);  Fang  Hsien,  abundant,  alt.  1500-2400  m.,  June  16, 
1910  (No.  4490).  Szech'uan:  Sungpan,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  August 
1910  (Nos.  4020,  4043)-    South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5532,  5533). 

Sambucus  Williamsii  Hance,  quoted  as  a  synonym  of  this  species  by  Count  von 
Schwerin,  belongs  to  S.  racemosa,  as  Hance's  original  specimens  show;  otherwise 
Hance's  name  would  have  precedence,  because  the  mentioning  by  Miquel  of  the 
name  S.  Sieboldiana  Blume  as  a  synonym  does  not  constitute  publication. 

VIBURNUM  L. 
Sect.   THYRSOSMA  Rehd. 

Viburnum  Hemyi  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  353  (1888).  — 
Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  35,  t.  116  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  upland  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m., 
June  and  September  1907  (No.  270);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands, 
alt.  1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1829).  Western  Szech'uan:  northeast 
of  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4499). 

Viburnum  Henryi  X  erubescens. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  uplands,  rare,  alt.  2400  m.,  May 

106 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  VIBURNXJM  107 

27  and  August  1907  (No.   1815);  Fang  Hsien,  uplands,  June  1907 
(No.  1814,  as  to  the  flowers). 

Wilson's  Nos.  1814  and  1815  appear  to  be  intermediate  between  V.  Henryi  and 
V.  erubesccns,  and  this  together  with  the  fact  that  these  two  species  grow  in  the 
same  locality  where  the  specimens  in  question  were  collected  seems  to  point  toward 
a  hybrid  origin  of  these  plants.  The  corolla  is  infundibuliform,  but  short,  the 
tube  being  but  little  longer  than  the  limb,  while  in  V.  Henryi  it  is  shorter,  and  in 
V.  erubesccns  about  twice  as  long  as  the  limb.  The  inflorescence  is  more  like  that 
of  the  tyi)ical  V.  erubesccns.  The  leaves  are  membranaceous  like  those  of  V.  eru- 
besccns, but  are  remotely  serrulate  or  denticulate  as  in  V.  Henryi,  which  differs 
in  its  sul)coriaceous  generally  narrower  leaves,  while  the  first  named  species  is 
distinguished  by  its  crenately  serrate  generally  broader  leaves. 

Viburnum  erubesccns  Wallich,  Plant.  As.  Rar.  II.  29,  t.  134  (1830). 

The  Chinese  specimens  of  V.  erubesccns  differ  in  several  respects  from  the  Nepal 
forms  as  described  by  Wallich,  and  may  be  here  treated  as  varieties  as  follows: 

Viburnum  erubescens,  var.  Prattii,  n.  var. 
Viburnum  Prattii  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  584  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  upland,  alt.  2700  m.,  July  and 
September  1908  (No.  1827);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  805); 
Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2250  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No. 
1824);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  rare,  alt.  2400  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1825); 
Mupin,  thickets,  common,  alt.  2100-2500  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1826); 
northeast  of  Sungpan,  woodlands,  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  August  1910 
(No.  4031). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  broader  and  larger,  broadly 
obovate  or  elliptic  or  rarely  oblong-obovate  leaves  pubescent  beneath,  with  the 
pubescence  persistent  at  least  on  the  veins,  and  in  its  violet-purple  anthers  which 
are  yellow  in  the  type.  I  have  not  seen  the  type  specimen  of  Graebner's  V.  Prattii 
from  Tachien-lu,  but  his  description  agrees  perfectly  with  Wilson's  No.  1827  from 
the  same  locality,  and  with  the  other  specimen  quoted  here,  as  well  as  with 
Giraldi's  specimens  cited  by  Graebner  which  I  have  seen. 

Viburnum  erubescens,  var.  gracilipes  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis  latioribus  plerumque  ovalibus  basi 
rotundatis,  inflorescentiis  glabris  laxioribus,  elongatis,  7-12  cm.  longis, 
floribus  partim  graciliter  pedicellatis,  tubo  corollae  sensim  ampliato, 
calyce  cupuliformi,  fructibus  angustioribus. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1700-2400 
m.,  June  and  September  1907  (No.  305,  type);  Fang  Hsien,  uplands, 
Septem])er  1907  (No.  1814,  in  part,  fruit);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1800-2700  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  1828);  no  lo- 


108  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

cality  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1382);  no  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6543). 
Eastern  Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  5691). 

From  the  Szech'uan  form  this  variety  differs  chiefly  in  its  glabrescent  leaves, 
the  slender  and  loose  inflorescence  with  part  of  the  flowers  on  slender  pedicels, 
the  saucer-shaped  calyx  with  very  broad,  often  obsolete,  teeth,  the  yellow  anthers 
and  the  narrower  fruits.  Some  specimens,  however,  as  Nos.  1814  and  1824,  ap- 
proach in  their  narrower  and  more  pubescent  leaves  the  Szech'uan  form,  but  they 
have  yellow  anthers,  while  some  Szech'uan  plants  have  a  saucer-shaped  calyx  like 
var.  gracili-pes} 

Viburnum  brachybotryum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  349 
(1888). 

Western  Hupeh:  ravines  around  Ichang,  alt.  30-300  m.,  March 
20  and  July  1907  (No.  1840). 

Wilson's  flowering  specimen  bears  on  its  label  the  note  "flowers  white  function- 
ally dioecious  "  and  consists  of  two  branches  apparently  from  different  plants  and 
showing  two  kinds  of  flowers.  One  of  the  branches  bears  a  terminal  many-flowered 
panicle  with  the  peduncle  6.5  cm.  long;  the  corolla  does  not  seem  to  be  fully  de- 
veloped, the  lobes  are  upright  and  sHghtly  incurved,  not  spreading,  the  rudimentary 
stamens  are  about  1  mm.  long  with  deformed  dark  colored  and  empty  anthers,  and 
the  short  thick  style  bears  a  large  capitate  three-lobed  stigma.  The  other  branch 
bears  two  small  panicles,  1.5  and  2.5  cm.  long,  in  the  axils  of  the  leaves  of  the  pre- 
ceding year;  the  corolla  is  rotate,  about  6  mm.  in  diameter,  with  spreading  lobes; 
the  stamens  are  4  mm.  long  and  exceed  somewhat  the  corolla-lobes,  with  yellow 
oval  pollen-bearing  anthers;  the  style  is  reduced  to  its  conical  base  with  three  minute 
blunt  points  at  the  apex;  the  ovary  is  smaller  and  apparently  sterile.  As  I  have 
seen  no  other  flowering  specimen  of  the  species  I  do  not  know  whether  dioecious 
flowers  are  the  rule  or  whether  this  is  only  an  abnormal  case.  No  other  species  in 
the  genus  Viburnum  is  known  to  have  diclinous  or  incompletely  diclinous  flowers. 

Viburnum  oliganthum  Batahn  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIII.  372 
(1894). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1500-1800  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1031);  Mupin,  thickets, 
alt.  1200-2250  m.,  May  and  August  1908  (No.  805^. 

*  In  connection  with  these  varieties  another  very  distinct  variety  of  V.  eru- 
bescens  from  Upper  Burma  may  be  described  here: 

Viburnum  enibescens,  var.  bunnanicum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Folia  chartacea,  glabra,  oblonga,  basi  rotundata,  apice  subito  in  acumen  longum 
falcatum  producta,  remote  denticulata,  10-12  cm.  longa  et  4.5-5.5  cm.  lata,  supra 
obscure  viridia,  subtus  pallidiora,  utrinsecus  6-costata  costis  curvatis  anasto- 
mosantibus  trabicuUs  parallelis  conspicuis  conjunctis.  Panicula  glabra,  longe 
pedunculata,  late  pyramidalis,  6-8  cm.  diam.  et  4-6  cm.  longa;  corolla  infun- 
dibuhformis  limbo  patulo,  antheris  flavis  semiexsertis. 

Upper  Burma:  Kachin  Hills,  1898.  Shaik  Mokim  (Ex.  Herb.  Hort.  Calcutt.  in 
Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

This  very  distinct  form  is  easily  recognized  by  its  chartaceous  perfectly  oblong 
and  quite  glabrous  remotely  denticulate  leaves  and  by  the  very  broad  and  short 
inflorescence. 


CAPKIFOLIACEAE.  —  VIBURNUM  109 

The  panicles  in  Wilson's  specimens  have  usually  from  10  to  20  flowers,  while 
Batalin  describes  them  as  7-flowered,  but  there  seems  to  be  no  other  difference 
between  the  Kansu  and  Szech'uan  specimens. 

Sect.   PSEUDOTINUS  Clarke 

Viburnum  cordifolium  Wallich  ex  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  IV.  327 
(1830).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  XL  81,  t.  138  (1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  forests  and  thickets,  common; 
Mupin,  forests,  and  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt. 
2250-2700  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  918);  Wen-chuan 
Hsien,  forests,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4121);  Tachien- 
lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2100-2500  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4121). 

Viburnum  sympodiale  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  587  (1901).  — 
Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  83,  t.  139  (1908). 

Kiangsi:Kuling,thickets,  rare,  alt.  1300  m.,July31, 1907 (No.  1708); 
Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  woods  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  alt.  1800  m..  May  and  August  1907  (No.  294);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  August  1907  (No.  294"). 

Sect.   LANTANA  De  Candolle 

Viburnum  Veitchii  C.  H.  Wright  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIII. 
257  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m..  May 

28,  1907  (No.  1288^);  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  October  6,  1910  (No.  4498). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 

alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  1908  (Nos.  1288,  in  part,  4030);  around  Ta- 

chien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2700  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1288,  in  part); 

around  Tachien-lu,  upland  thickets,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1910 

(No.  4091);  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  August  1910  (No. 

4030). 

The  specimens  from  Fang  Hsien  and  from  Pan-lan-shan  differ  from  the  type  in 
the  thinner  yellowish  pubescence  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves. 

Viburnum  buddleifolium  C  .  H  Wright  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3, 
XXXIII.  257  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  not  common,  alt. 
900  m.,  May  and  July  1907  (No.  1838). 

Viburnum  shensianum  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg,  XXVI.  480  (1880).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II. 
85,  t.  140  (1908). 


110  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  rare,  alt.  900 
m.,  May  25, 1907  (No.  1839). 

Viburnum  macrocephalum  Fortune  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  II.  244 
(sensu  Maximo wicz  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc,  liv.  24  [1879])  (1847). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  not  common,  alt. 
1350  m.,  May  1907  (No.  1834);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  alt.  1200-1500  m.. 
May  1907  (No.  1835). 

Viburnum  hypoleucum  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  Ill 
(1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  179  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yangtze  banks.  Wan  Hsien,  thickets,  com- 
mon, alt.  100-300  m.,  April  1908  (No.  1836). 

Viburatun  utile  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  356  (1888).  — 
Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  89,  t.  142  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  rocky  places  around  Ichang,  alt.  100-900  m., 
April  1907  and  June  1908  (No.  1837). 

Viburnum  Rosthomii  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  586  (1901). 

Northwestern  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien, 
thickets,  rare,  alt.  2100  m.,  July  1908  (No.  220"^);  An  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  600  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4500).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  Taning 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-900  m.,  June  1910  (No.  4497). 

The  specimens  from  eastern  Szech'uan  differ  from  those  of  western  Szech'uan 
in  the  fulvous  tomentum  of  the  young  branchlets  and  of  the  under  side  of  the 
veins  of  the  young  leaves. 

Viburnum  rhytidophyllum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  355 
(1888).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  39,  t.  118  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1350- 
2250  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (No.  220,  220^). 

Sect.   MEGALOTINUS  Maximowicz  » 

Vibiunum  cylindricum  Hamilton  ex  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.   142 
(1825).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  91,  t.  143  (1908). 
Viburnum  coriaceum  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  656  (1825). 

1  In  my  Conspectus  of  the  Viburnums  of  eastern  Asia  (in  Sargent,  Trees  and 
Shrubs,  II.  108)  I  placed  V.  tomentosum  and  V.  Hanceanum  in  the  section 
Pseudotinus,  but  after  a  new  study  of  the  genus  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion 
that  these  two  species  are  closer  to  the  species  of  the  section  Megalotinus  and 
particularly  to  V.  Colebrookianurn;  this  leaves  Pseudotinus  a  very  uniform  and 
well  defined  group. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  VIBURNUM  111 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  300-1200  m., 
June  and  December  1907  (No.  697).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin, 
thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  697). 

Viburnum  tomentosum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  123  (1784). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  open  woods,  alt.  1200-1800 
m.,  June  and  September  1907  (No.  135);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
woods,  common,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (Nos. 
234,  234'');  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500  m.,  June  and  Septem- 
ber 1907  (No.  117).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen- 
chuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800  m.,  May  29,  1908  (No.  1832). 

No.  117  approaches  V,  tomentosum,  var.  lanceatum  Rehderfrom  Japan,  but  the 
leaves,  although  narrow  and  rather  small,  are  abruptly  acuminate  as  in  the  type, 
not  gradually  narrowed  at  the  apex;  they  also  have  the  close  set  veins  of  the  type. 

Sect.   TINUS  Maximowicz 

Viburnum  Davidii  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2, 
VIII.  251  {PL  David.  II.  69)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  1800-2400  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  963,  in  part);  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt. 
1800-2100  m.,  October  1908  (No.  963);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  1800- 
2400  m.,  June  1908  and  September  1910  (No.  963,  in  part). 

Viburnum  cinnamomlfolium  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
11.  31,  t.  114  (1907);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  183  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1108);  Ya-chou  Fu,  thickets,  alt.  1000  m.,  September  1910 
(No.  4228). 

Viburnum  propinquum  Hemsley  in  Jour,  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  355 
(1888).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  33,  t.  115  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  cliffs,  alt.  900-1200 
m..  May,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  498);  Patung  Hsien,  among 
rocks,  alt.  900  m.,  June  1907  (No.  1830) ;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt. 
1000  m.,  May  25  and  August  1907  (No.  1831). 

Sect.   ODONTOTINUS  Rehd. 

Viburnum  foetidum  Wallich,  PI.  As.  Rar.  I.  49,  t.  61  (1830). 
Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt,  1800 
m.,  October  1908  (No.  1360). 


112  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Viburnum  foetidum,  var.  rectangulum  (Graebner)  Rehder  in  Sar- 
gent, Trees  and  Shrubs,  11.  114  (1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1131).  Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1833). 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  from  the  type  of  this  variety  in  the  broader  generally 
elliptic  leaves,  but  agree  with  it  in  the  peculiar  mode  of  growth,  the  thin  texture 
and  the  nearly  glabrous  veins  of  the  leaves. 

Viburnum  theiferum  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  43, 
t.  120  (1907);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  183  (1911). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  31,  1907 
(No.  171 1).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets, 
abundant,  alt.  1200-2100  m..  May  and  September  1907  (No.  218); 
Chang-lo-Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  September  1907  (No. 
236). 

Viburnum  corylifolium  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  II. 
174  (1858). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500  m..  May 
1907  (No.  447,  as  to  the  flowers). 

Wilson's  No.  447  agrees  well  with  Henry's  No.  11362  from  Yunnan  which  I 
have  referred  to  this  species.  V.  corylifolium  is  closely  related  to  V.  dilatatum 
Thunberg  and  may  perhaps  be  considered  a  variety  of  it;  it  is  chiefly  distinguished 
by  the  long  hispid  pubescence  of  the  petioles,  inflorescence  and  young  branchlets. 
It  seems  doubtful  whether  V.  dilatatum  occurs  in  western  China,  and  the  only 
Chinese  specimen  I  have  seen  is  from  the  province  of  Chekiang,  collected  near 
Ningpo  by  D.  Macgregor  (Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum);  Wilson's  No.  944  which  I 
referred  formerly  (Sargent  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  114)  to  that  species  probably  be- 
longs to  V.  brevipes  Rehder. 

Viburnum  hirtulum  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  115 
(1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  184  (1911). 

Kiangsi:   Kuling,  thickets,  900-1200  m.,  July  28  and  August  1, 

1907  (Nos.  1709,  1712,  immature  fruit). 

I  refer  Wilson's  Nos.  1709  and  1712  with  some  hesitation  to  this  species,  the 
leaves  are  less  pubescent,  nearly  glabrous  above  and  less  coriaceous  than  in  the 
type,  but  the  material  is  too  incomplete  to  place  the  specimens  definitively. 

Viburnum  Wilsonii  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  115 
(1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  184  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (Nos.  1025*,  1120);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2500  m.,  June  1908  and  October  1910  (Nos. 
1813,  4196). 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  VIBURNUM  113 

These  specimens  differ  somewhat  from  the  type  in  the  leaves  being  sparingly 
furnished  with  fasciculate  hairs  on  the  whole  under  surface  and  sometimes  gla- 
brous above,  in  the  generally  oblong-ovate  shape  of  the  leaves  and  in  the  stamens 
being  sUghtly  longer  than  the  corolla  lobes.  The  fruit  is  bright  red,  ovoid,  about 
8  mm.  high  and  furnished  with  scattered  stellate  hairs;  the  stone  is  broadly  ovate, 
much  compressed,  pointed,  one-ribbed  on  the  dorsal  and  two-ribbed  on  the  ventral 
side,  about  6  mm.  high  and  5  mm.  broad.  V.  hupehense  Rehder,  which  much  resem- 
bles this  species  in  the  velutinous  tomentum  of  the  inflorescence,  ditfers  chiefly  in 
the  stipulate  petioles  and  the  denser  fasciculate  pubescence,  while  the  leaves  of 
V.  Wilsonii  have  mostly  fasciculate  hairs  on  the  upper  surface  while  young, 
becoming  glabrous  at  maturity  and  are  but  slightly  pubescent  beneath. 

Viburnum  brevipes  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus,  2-3  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  dense  stellato- 
pilosis  et  hispidis  tertio  anno  glabreseentibus,  griseo-brunneis.  Gem- 
mae perulis  4  exterioribus  fulvo-flavescentibus  sparse  adpresse  setu- 
losis.  Folia  breviter  petiolata,  membranacea  oblongo-obovata,  rarius 
obovata,  subito  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  subito  in  petiolum 
contracta,  dentata  ima  basi  excepta,  5-7  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata, 
supra  pilis  fasciculatis  tuberculis  minutis  insidentibus  conspersa, 
subtus  fasciculato-pilosa  praesertim  ad  venas  et  glandulis  numerosis 
interspersa,  utrinsecus  venis  6-8  in  dentes  exeuntibus;  petioli  esti- 
pulati,  2-3  mm.  longi,  dense  hispidi.  Corymbus  5-7  cm.  diam.,  radiis 
plerumque  5,  fasciculato-pilosus;  flores  ignoti.  Drupae  plerumque  in 
radiis  tertii  ordinis,  ovoideae,  rubrae;  putamen  ovoideum,  acutum, 
valde  compressum,  circa  6  mm.  altum  et  4.5  mm.  latum,  dorso  leviter 
bi-,  ventre  trisulcatum,  testa  minute  punctulata,  pallide  purpureo- 
brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1800, 
October  1907  (No.  447,  as  to  the  fruiting  specimens,  type),  Novem- 
ber 1907  (No.  676). 

Viburnum  brevipes  bears  in  the  shape  of  the  leaves  and  in  the  very  short  petioles 
a  great  resemblance  to  V.  erosum  Thunberg,  which,  however,  is  easily  distinguished 
by  the  stipulate  petioles,  by  the  different,  not  hispid,  and  often  very  slight  pu- 
bescence of  the  inflorescence,  petioles  and  branchlets,  the  absence  of  the  glands  on 
the  under  side  of  the  leaves  and  by  the  smaller  and  less  compressed  stone.  Its  near- 
est relationship  seems  to  be  with  V.  dilatatum  Thunberg,  but  that  species  is  readily 
distinguished  by  its  much  longer  petioles  and  broader  leaves  and  by  the  generally 
forked  hairs  of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves.  I  am  inclined  to  refer  one  of  Wilson's 
Hupeh  specimens  collected  in  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  944),  which  is  in  flower, 
provisorily  to  this  species  on  account  of  the  short  petioles,  but  the  leaves  have 
the  shape  of  those  of  V.  dilatatum.  Viburnum  brevipes  is  in  cultivation  and  may 
be  expected  to  flower  soon. 

Viburnum  ovatifolium  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  115 
(1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  184  (1911). 


114  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  South  Wushan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
September  1907  (Nos.  224,  230);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1200-1800  m.,  June,  August  and  September  1907  (Nos.  240,  394, 
1817,  1822);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  1819). 

The  Hupeh  specimeng  differ  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  longer  stamens,  exceed- 
ing slightly  the  corolla-lobes,  and  in  the  occasionally  broader  leaves.  The  fruits, 
not  yet  described,  are  ovoid  and  bright  red;  stone  ovoid,  pointed,  3-6  mm.  high  and 
4.5  mm.  broad,  with  one  dorsal  and  two  ventral  ribs;  testa  light  purplish  brown. 

Viburnum  betulifolium  Batalin  in  Act  Hort.  Petrop.  XIII.  371 
(1894).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  99,  t.  147  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-2000  m., 
June,  July  and  November  1907  (Nos.  590,  1816);  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  July  and  November  1907  (Nos. 
238^,  249);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500  m.,  July  and  October 
1907  (No.  400);  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1350  m.,  December 

1907  (No.  669).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan 
Hsien,  alt.  2100  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No.  1043) ;  Tachien-lu, 
thickets  and  open  woodlands,  2100-2400  m.,  June,  July  and  October 

1908  and  October  1910  (Nos.  1262,  1263,  1263%  1809,  4128). 

Wilson's  No.  1043  differs  rather  strikingly  from  the  type  in  its  very  small  leaves 
with  few  veins  and  with  few  coarse  or  occasionally  lanceolate  and  entire  teeth,  more 
pubescent  corymb,  smaller  flowers  with  the  stamens  scarcely  exceeding  the  corolla- 
lobes  and  in  the  smaller  fruits. 

Viburnum  lobophyllum  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX,  589  (1901).— 
Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  101,  t.  148  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  July 
and  September  1907  (Nos.  238,  393);  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  411).  West- 
ern Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1800-2700,  October  1908  (No.  1025);  October  1910  (Nos.  4147,  4^94); 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1807). 

No.  393  seems  nearest  to  the  type.  No.  238  differs  in  its  smaller  leaves,  smaller 
flowers  and  smaller  fruits  with  the  stones  scarcely  5  mm.  high  and  ovoid.  The  seeds 
distributed  under  the  same  number  are  different  and  agree  exactly  with  those  of 
the  type. 

Viburnum  lobophyllum,  var.  flocculosum  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Folia  elliptico-ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  acuminata  acumine  falcato, 
basi  late  cuneata,  sinuato-dentata,  supra  glabra,  subtus  pilis  fascicu- 
latis  albidis  conspersa,  costis  media  et  secundariis  fere  glabris  exceptis, 


CAPRIFOLIACE  AE .  —  VIBURNUM  115 

5-12  cm.  longa  et  3-6  cm.  lata;  petioli  glabri,  stipulis  minutis  plcrum- 
que  caducis  instruct!  v.  interdmn  estipulati.  Corymbus  laxe  pubes- 
cens,  ovariis  glandulosis,  calyce  et  corolla  extus  glabris.  Drupae  im- 
maturae  putamine  ellipsoideo  complanato,  utrinque  acuto.  Ceterum 
ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  2100  m.,  July  1908  (No.  i8ii,  type);  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east 
of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2700  m.,  July  3,  1908  (No.  1812); 
thickets  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1808); 
upland  thickets,  alt.  2400-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4125);  Pan- 
lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2400  m.,  October  1910  (Nos.  4310, 
4315). 

Differs  from  typical  V.  lobophyllum  chiefly  in  the  sUght  floccose  pubescence  of 
the  under  side  of  the  leaves  which  are  usually  cuneate  at  the  base.  In  the  shape  of 
the  leaves  it  bears  some  resemblance  to  V.  Wilsonii  Rehder,  but  is  distinguished  by 
its  quite  glabrous  branchlets  and  petioles,  the  only  sHghtly  pubescent  inflorescence, 
the  glabrous  winter-buds  and  the  only  slightly  pubescent  under  side  of  the  leaves. 
No.  1812  agrees  in  the  shape  and  size  of  the  leaflets  exactly  with  No.  1811,  the 
type  of  this  variety,  while  No.  1808  has  smaller  leaves  only  from  5-7  mm.  long. 

Viburnum  dasyanthum  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II. 
103  t.  149  (1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  185  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1200-1500  m., 
October  1907  (No.  463,  467);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2100  m., 
July  1907  (No.  1818);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1200- 
1800  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (Nos.  1820,  1821).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2250  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
1805);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2250  m., 
July  1908  (No.  1810). 

Viburnum  hupehense  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  116 
(1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  185  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
August  and  October  1907  (Nos.  237,  1823);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets, 
common,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  and  November  1907  (No.  601). 

Viburnum  ichangense  (Hemsley)  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and 
Shrubs,  II.  105,  t.  150  (1908);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  IX.  186  (1911). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  abundant,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  30, 1907  (No.  1710). 
Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1500-2100 
m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Nos.  228,  239);  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
woodland  thickets,  alt.  1250-1800  m.,  June,  September  and  October 
1907  (Nos.  329,  392,  1804);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  Octo- 


t^^^ 


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116  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ber  1907  (No.  392");  Wushan  Hsien,  thin  oak  woods,  alt.  1800  m., 
September  1907  (No.  221).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country, 
Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2100  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1806) ;  Octo- 
ber 1910  (No.  4150).  Chekiang:  Ningpo,  D.  Macgregor  (Herb. 
Arnold  Arboretum). ^ 

Sect.  OPULUS  De  Candolle 

Viburnum  Sargentii  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  XLVIII.  341  (1899).— 
Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  83,  t.  42  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  July 
and  October  1907  (No.  281,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  June 
1907  (No.  281,  in  part). 

The  specimen  from  Hsing-shan  Hsien  (in  bud)  represents  the  typical  form, 
while  those  from  Fang  Hsien  (flower  and  fruits)  represent  the  var.  calvescens  Rehder. 

Viburnum  kansuense  Batalin  in  Act  Hort.  Petrop.  XIII.  372  (1894). 

Western  Szech'uan:  around  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  rare,  alt. 
1500-2250  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  859,  in  part);  Sungpan, 
thickets,  alt.  2400-2800  m.,  September  1910  (No.  859,  in  part). 

The  mature  fruits,  which  have  not  yet  been  described,  present  a  peculiar  varia- 
tion; they  are  bright  red  and  on  part  of  the  specimens  subglobose  and  1  cm.  long, 
on  the  other  specimens  oblong  and  1.5  cm.  long;  the  stone  is  much  flattened,  marked 
with  five  longitudinal  Hues  and  with  scarcely  noticeable  ribs,  ovoid  and  8  mm.  long 
and  5  mm.  broad,  or  oblong  and  12  mm.  long  and  6  mm.  broad  in  the  large-fruited 
specimens. 

TRIOSTEUM  L.2 

Triosteum  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  319  (1896). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2300 
m..  May  29  and  August  1907  (No.  199);  Fang  Hsien,  uplands,  alt. 
2100-2700  m.,  June  and  October  1910  (Nos.  4489,  4456). 

The  fruits  are  white  according  to  Wilson. 

1  An  interesting  addition  to  the  Viburnums  of  China  proper  is  the  following 
species  hitherto  only  known  from  Formosa. 

Viburnum  luzonicum  Rolfe,  var.  formosanum  (Hance)  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees 
and  Shrubs,  II.  97  (1908). 

Fokien:  without  locality,  S.  T.  Dunn,  1905  (Herb.  Hongkong  Bot.  Gard.,  No. 
2763  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

The  specimen  from  Fokien  differs  slightly  from  the  Formosa  plant  in  the  stamens 
being  as  long  as  the  corolla  lobes. 

^  Though  Triosteum  contains  no  woody  species,  it  may  find  a  place  here  to  make 
the  enumeration  of  the  Chinese  CaprifoUaceae  collected  by  Wilson  complete. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE .  —  SYMPHORICARPOS  1 1 7 

Triosteum  himalayanum  Wallich,  var.  chinense  Diels  &  Graebner 
in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  590  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  uplands,  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  August 
1908  (No.  876);  Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  September 
1910  (No.  4161). 

Wilson  gives  the  color  of  the  fruits  of  No.  876  as  red  and  of  No.  4161  as  white, 
but  I  cannot  detect  the  slightest  difference  in  the  dried  specimens. 

Triosteum  Rosthomii  Diels  &  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX. 
591,  f.  5,  c-e  (1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  uplands,  alt.  2400-2700  rh.,  Octo- 
ber 1908  (No.  2339).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen- 
chuan  Hsien,  uplands,  alt.  2400-2800  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2340). 

SYMPHORICARPOS  Juss. 

Sjrmphoricarpos  sinensis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Fmtex  erectus  1-1.75  m.  altus,  glaberrimus,  ramulis  gracilibus, 
hornotinis  initio  viridibus  v.  purpurascentibus,  demum  rubrobrun-- 
neis,  annotinis  peridermate  lamellis  tenuibus  decorticante  et  corti- 
cem  fibrosum  detegente.  Gemmae  parvae,  brunneae,  perulis  pluribus 
exterioribus  acutis.  Folia  ovalia  v.  rhombico-ovata,  acuta  v.  obtu- 
siuscula,  basi  late  cuneata  et  sensim  in  petiolum  gracilem  attenuata 
integerrima,  1.5-2.5  cm.  longa  et  1.2-1.8  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viri- 
dia,  subtus  glaucescentia,  utrinsecus  4-6-costata;  petioli  teretes,  1-2 
mm.  longi.  Flores  sessiles,  solitarii  in  axillis  bractearum  subulatarum 
ovariis  breviorum,  bracteis  inferioribus  interdum  foliaceis  et  longiori- 
bus,  spicas  terminales  6-12-floras  pedunculo  0.5-2  cm.  longo  insidentes 
formantes;  ovaria  lageniformia,  basi  bracteolis  ovatis  quartam  partem 
ovarii  aequantibus  suffulta,  quadri-locularia  loculis  duobus  sterilibus; 
calycis  dentes  ovato-lanceolati,  acuti,  circa  1  mm.  longi;  corolla  late 
campanulata,  alba,  7  mm.  longa,  intus  extusque  glabra,  lobis  ovatis 
tubura  leviter  ventricosum  subaequantibus;  stamina  filamentis  paullo 
infra  faucem  affixa,  corollam  subaequantia,  antheris  oblongis  albidis; 
stylus  glaber,  stamina  aequans,  stigmate  capitato.  Bacca  ovoidea, 
7  mm.  longa,  atrocoerulea,  pruinosa,  apice  in  rostrum  brevem  quin- 
quedentatum  subito  contracta,  disperma,  pulpo  viridi,  seminibus 
ovoideis,  5  mm.  longis,  dense  pilosis,  albidis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  Ta-pa-shan,  thickets,  rare,  alt. 
2300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  718).  — In  cultivation  at  the  Arnold 
Arboretum. 


118  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

The  discovery  of  a  Chinese  Symphoricarpos  is  highly  interesting,  as  it  adds  one 
more  genus  to  the  number  of  those  formerly  considered  peculiar  to  the  flora  of 
North  America,  but  in  recent  years  found  also  in  western  and  central  China,  as 
Nyssa,  Sassafras,  Linodendron,  Decumaria  and  others.  In  the  shape  of  the  corolla 
S.  sinensis  resembles  most  S.  orbiculatus  Michaux,  but  the  color  of  the  fruit  and 
the  terminal  peduncled  inflorescence  distinguishes  it  from  all  American  species. 

DIPELTA  Maxim. 

Dipelta  floribunda  Maximo wicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
XXIV.  51  (1877);  in  Mel.  Biol.  X.  78.  —  Spooner  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser. 
3,  XLII.  2,  fig.  1  (1907).  — Hemsleyin  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8310 
(1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1200-1500  m., 
August  1907  (No.  2952);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  common,  alt. 
1200-1500  m.,  May  7,  25,  and  July  1907  (Nos.  2953,  2954,  2955); 
Fang  Hsien,  sunny  places,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4424). 

Dipelta  ventricosa  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLIV.  101,  fig.  37 
(1908).  —  Hutchison  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8294  (1910). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
2250  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2950);  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2400- 
2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2951);  Ching-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt. 
1200-1500  m..  May  22,  1908  (No.  1036);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1800- 
2500  m.,  June  and  October  1908  and  October  1910  (Nos.  1036%  4209); 
Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2500,  July 
and  September  1908  (No.  1036);  northeast  of  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt. 
1800-2300  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4032). 

Nos.  1036"  and  2950  differ  from  the  plant  described  by  Hemsley  and  from  the 
other  specimens  in  the  quite  glabrous  peduncles,  pedicels  and  branchlets  and  in  the 
less  pubescent  leaves.  Nos.  1036  and  2950  have  apparently  much  paler  flowers 
("pale  purple  "  according  to  Wilson),  than  the  type. 

ABELIA  R.  Br. 
Abelia  Graebneriana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Ahelia  uniflora  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  359  (in  part  as  to  the 
Hupeh  and  Szech'uan  specimens,  not  R.  Brown)  (1888). 

Abelia  serrata  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  6  (not  Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  (1882). 

Linnaea  uniflora  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  131  (in  part  as  to  the 
Hupeh  and  Szech'uan  specimens,  not  A.  Braun  &  Vatke)  (1900). 

Linnaea  serrata  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  133  (in  part  as  to  the  Chinese 
specimens)  (1900). 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  ABELIA  119 

Frutex  gracilis  ramiilis  fusco-purpureis,  junioribus  glabris  v.  inter- 
dum  minute  puberulis.  Folia  membranacea,  ovata  v.  elliptico-ovata, 
rarius  oblongo-ovata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  3-5.5  cm.  longa  et 
1.5-3  cm.  lata,  basi  apiceque  exceptis  serrulata  serraturis  parvis 
mucronulatis,  supra  laete  viridia,  plerumque  praecipue  ad  marginem 
ciliatam  versus  sparse  adpressa  pilosa,  subtus  pallidiora,  secus  costam 
mediam  et  venas  basin  versus  villosa,  interdum  ad  costam  venasque 
sparse  pilosa,  rarius  fere  glabra;  petioli  glabri,  2-4  mm.  longi.  Pe- 
dunculi  uniflori,  breves  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  plures,  rarius 
solitarii;  bracteolae  ciliatae;  ovaria  subteretia,  sparse  pilosa;  sepala 
oblongo-lanceolata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula,  glabra 
V.  sparsissime  ciliata;  corolla  albida  v.  pallide  rosea,  2.5  cm.  longa, 
campanulato-infundibuliformis  e  basi  tubulosa  fere  tertiam  partem 
corollae  formante  sensim  ampliata,  limbo  subpatulo  circa  2  cm. 
diam.,  extus  sparse  pilosula  glandulosaque,  fauce  villosa;  stylus  lim- 
bum  medium  attingens,  stamina  longiora  paullo  superans.  Achaenia 
subteretia,  costata,  7-8  mm.  longa,  sparse  pilosa. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900-1200  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2017,  type);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-2300  m., 
June  11  and  October  1910  (No.  4422);  without  locality,  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  267,  267"^);  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  3436);  with- 
out locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  1768).  Western  Szech'uan:  Chin-ting- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m..  May  25,  1908  (No.  2018);  Mupin,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1200-1800,  June  1908  and  October  1910  (Nos.  2020,  4380); 
Mt.  Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  5031);  without  locality, 
July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3720). 

Closely  allied  to  A.  uniflora  R.  Brown,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  sub- 
coriaceous  glabrous  leaves,  the  1-3-flowered  inflorescence  at  the  end  of  elongated 
branchlets  and  the  more  campanulate  corolla  with  a  shorter  and  wider  tube.  Abelia 
Graebneriana  is  somewhat  variable  in  foliage  and  also  in  the  flowers;  the  most  dis- 
tinct forms  are  represented  by  the  following  three  numbers:  No.  267  differs  in  its 
narrower  glabrescent  leaves  usually  only  with  one  to  three  teeth  on  each  side,  the 
narrower  ones  being  about  4  cm.  long  and  1  cm.  broad,  in  the  longer  sepals,  the 
larger  corolla,  nearly  3  cm.  long  with  longer  and  slenderer  tube,  and  in  the  lateral 
flowering  branchlets  being  usually  reduced  to  fascicles  of  leaves;  No.  2020  has 
ovate,  indistinctly  crenulate-serrulate  leaves,  obtusely  acuminate,  and  smaller 
flowers,  scarcely  exceeding  2  cm.  in  length;  No.  43S0  has  much  smaller  leaves  not 
exceeding  2.5  cm.  and  oval  sepals,  the  flowers  are  wanting. 

To  this  species  is  probably  related  Linnaea  serrata,  var.  Hegii  (Graebner 
[p.  sp.]  in  sched.)  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  722  (1910) 
from  Shensi,  G.  Giraldi,  and  from  Hupeh,  Mts.  of  Fan-sien,  C.  Silveslri  (No.  1825), 
chiefly  characterized  by  ciliate  sepals  puberulous  on  the  outside;  it  is  possibly  a 
distinct  species. 


120  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Abelia  Engleriana  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Ldnnaea  Engleriana  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  132  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien  and  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1200-1600  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (No.  289);  Ichang,  A, 
Henry  (No.  1737).  Szech'uan:  Taning  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  600-900  m., 
July  1910  (No.  4491);  no  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5563,  type!,  5573); 
Chan-chia-shan,  Nanch'uan,  A.  v.  Rosthorn  (No.  34). 

Rosthorn's  No.  34  differs  from  the  type  specimen  and  from  Wilson's  specimens, 
which  have  quite  glabrous  branchlets  in  its  puberulous  and  sparingly  pilose  branch- 
lets;  and  the  inflorescence  does  not  seem  typical.  Henry's  No.  1737  resembles 
in  foliage  somewhat  A.  macrotera  (Graebn.)  Rehder,  but  the  flowers  are  those  of 
A.  Engleriana,  though  borne  at  the  end  of  short  elongated  branchlets. 

Abelia  myrtilloides,  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  puberulis  rubrobrun- 
neis,  annotinis  fuscis  peridermate  decorticante.  Folia  ovata  v.  ovato- 
oblonga  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula  et  plerumque 
mucronulata,  basi  late  cuneata,  margine  revoluta  et  Integra,  1-1.5 
cm.  longa  et  4-7  mm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  glabra  pilis  paucis 
setosis  ad  marginem  versus  exceptis,  subtus  pallida  v.  cinereo-viridia, 
venis  inconspicuis,  glabra  pilis  villosis  ad  partem  inferiorem  costae 
mediae  exceptis;  petioli  glabri,  1  mm.  longi.  Flores  axillares  in  apice 
ramulorum  elongatorum,  graciliter  pedunculati  pedunculis  puberulis 
3  mm.  longis  medio  bracteis  minutis  linearibus  institutis;  ovarium 
teres,  adpresse  pilosum,  circa  5  mm.  longum;  sepala  2,  elliptica, 
ciliata,  7-9  mm.  longa  et  4-5  mm.  lata;  corolla  campanulato-infun- 
dibuliformis,  infra  medium  anguste  tubulosa  supra  sensim  ampliata, 
intus  hirsuta,  extus  glabra,  circa  3  cm.  longa,  roseo-purpurea,  lobis 
late  ovatis  4  mm.  longis;  stamina  glabra,  longiora  medium  limbum 
attingentia;  stylus  glaber,  staminibus  paullo  brevior.  Fructus  maturi 
desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  cliffs,  alt.  600-700  m.,  June  1903,  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3722,  type);  valley  of  Min  River  near  Sungpan,  dry 
places,  alt.  2100-2400  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4495). 

Abelia  myrtilloides  is  closely  related  to  A.  parvifolia  Hemsley,  which  is  easily 
distingiiished  by  its  densely  pubescent  and  glandular  leaves  generally  broader  and 
rounded  at  the  base,  the  short-peduncled  flowers  and  by  its  longer  and  narrower 
sepals.  It  is  also  allied  to  A.  Schumannii  Rehder,  which  differs  in  its  broader  and 
larger  usually  sparingly  serrate  and  thinner  leaves  pilose  on  the  upper  surface, 
and  in  its  smaller  flowers  with  the  tube  much  shorter  and  borne  on  very  short 
peduncles. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  ABELIA  121 

Abelia  Schumannii  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Ldnnaea  Schumannii  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  130  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1230);  Min 
Valley,  near  Mao-chou,  dry  region,  alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  25,  1908 
(No.  2019);  Lungan  Fu,  sunny  places,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August  1910 
(No.  4494);  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2700-3600  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  271, 
type!);  Chinlin,  Nanch'uan,  river  banks,  August  15,  1891,  A.  von 
Rosthorn  (No.  459). 

Abelia  parvifolia  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  358  (1888). 
Linnaea  parvifolia  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  129  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  hills  around  Ichang,  common,  alt.  30-300  m., 
July  1907  (No.  747);  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  4225).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu,  rocky  places,  alt.  1200-1500  m.,  August 
1910  (No.  4493). 

Abelia  chinensis  R.  Brown  in  Abel,  Narrat.  Jour.  China,  376,  tab. 

(1818). 

Linnaea  chinensis  A.  Braun  &  Vatke  in  Oesterr.  Bot.  Zeitschr.  XXII.  291 

(1872). 
Abelia  Hanceana  Martens  apud  Hance  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  e^r.  5,  V.  216  (1866). 

Western  Hupeh:  around  Ichang,  common,  alt.  600  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  2024);  no  locahty,  July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1420);  no 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  35);  Nant'o,  A.  Henry  (No.  2688).  Kwang- 
tung:  no  locality,  C.  Ford  (No.  94);  Lienchow  River,  August  19,  1887, 
C.  Ford  (No.  1795). 

Abelia  Zanderi  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Ldnnaea  Zanden  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  142  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  dry  regions  near  Mong-kong-ting,  thickets, 
alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2021);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2400,  June  1908  (No.  2022);  no  locality, 
June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3721).  Shensi:  Han-cheng-sien,  1909, 
Wm.  Purdoni  (No.  320).  Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1500-2000  m.,  June  16,  1910  (No.  4492). 

I  have  not  seen  the  type  of  this  species,  but  at  least  one  part  of  the  specimens 
quoted  here  of  this  apparently  very  variable  species  agrees  well  with  Graebner's 
description.  The  length  and  shape  of  the  sepals  varies  considerably;  in  No.  3721 
they  are  as  long  or  slightly  longer  than  the  corolla-tube,  linear-oblong  and  acutish, 
while  in  Nos.  2021  and  2022,  they  are  about  two  thirds  as  long,  oblauceolate  and 


122  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

obtuse.  The  peduncles  in  No.  3721  are  6-8  mm.  long,  in  No.  2022  the  pedicels  are 
more  or  less  separate  so  that  the  flowers  are  pedicelled  and  the  common  peduncle 
is  sometimes  very  short,  similar  to  the  inflorescence  of  A.  biflora  Turczaninow. 
The  leaves  are  also  very  variable;  in  No.  2021  they  are  narrowly  lanceolate  and 
quite  entire,  and  in  No.  4210  lanceolate-oblong  and  nearly  entire,  while  in  No. 
2022  and  in  Purdom's  No.  320  at  least  part  of  the  leaves  are  elliptic  and  coarsely 
toothed  and  in  No.  4492  the  leaves  are  oblong-lanceolate  and  almost  all  serrate. 
The  flowers  are  fragrant,  the  tube  nearly  tubular  and  the  limb  spreading. 

Abelia  umbellata,  n.  comb. 
Linnaea  umbellata  Graebner  &  Buchwald  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  143  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1200-1800 
m.,  June,  Nov.  1907  (No.  607);  without  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  922).    Szech'uan:  A.  Henry  (No.  7083,  type). 

The  corolla,  not  described  by  Graebner,  is  narrowly  funnel-form  or  nearly  tubu- 
lar, white,  15-18  mm.  long,  with  spreading  limb,  3  mm.  long;  the  style  slightly 
exceeds  the  tube  and  the  stamens  just  reach  the  mouth;  the  sepals  are  nearly  as 
long  as  the  tube  or  somewhat  shorter. 

The  determination  of  Wilson's  collection  and  other  unnamed  material  in  the 
herbarium  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum  led  me  to  study  all  the  Asiatic  species,  and  in 
consequence  to  a  rearrangement  of  the  species,  differing  in  several  points  from  the 
grouping  as  proposed  by  Maximowicz  (in  Mel.  Biol.  XII.  473-480),  Zabel  (in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  32-34)  and  Graebner  (in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  120-145). 
To  show  clearly  the  arrangement  I  have  adopted,  a  synopsis  of  the  whole  genus 
is  appended  here. 

SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  GENUS  ABELIA. 

Abelia  has  been  by  several  writers  united  with  Linnaea  and  treated  as  a  sub- 
genus of  the  latter,  but  there  does  not  seem  to  be  a  very  convincing  reason  for  the 
union  of  these  two  genera;  there  are  no  intermediate  forms,  and  sufficient  char- 
acters in  the  ovary  and  the  fruit,  as  well  as  in  the  calyx  and  in  the  corolla  and  in 
the  habit  of  the  plants  to  keep  Abelia  as  a  distinct  genus.  At  present  27  species 
of  Abelia  may  be  distinguished  which  can  be  divided  into  two  sections  well  marked 
by  differences  in  the  vegetative  and  reproductive  parts  and  easily  recognized 
even  without  flowers  or  fruits.  The  first  section  Euabelia,  with  A.  chinensis  as 
the  type,  is  characterized  by  the  petioles  not  being  dilated  at  the  base  and  not 
enclosing  the  winter-buds,  by  the  absence  of  recurved  hispid  hairs  on  the  young 
branchlets,  the  hghter  or  darker  brown  color  of  the  bark  separating  in  flakes,  the 
more  or  less  funnel  form  or  nearly  campanulate  shape  of  the  corolla  and  the 
terete  or  nearly  terete  akenes.  The  second  section,  Zabelia,  which  I  take 
pleasure  in  associating  with  the  name  of  H.  Zabel,  who  first  proposed  a  good 
division  of  the  genus  into  sections,  is  characterized  by  the  petioles  being 
dilated  at  the  base  with  the  opposite  ones  connate  and  covering  the  winter-buds 
and  persistent  on  the  branchlets  of  the  previous  year,  by  the  young  branch- 
lets  being  furnished  with  reflexed  hispid  hairs  or  rarely  glabrous,  by  the  tubular 
corolla  with  spreading  limb,  by  the  stamens  not  exceeding  the  tube  and  the 
scarcely  exserted  style,  and  by  flattened  akenes  usually  more  or  less  curved.  The 
several  subsections  or  series  as  here  limited  have  well  defined  geographical  ranges; 
the  first,  Serratae,  is  Japanese,  the  second  and  third,  Uniflorae  and  Rupestres,  range 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  ABELIA  123 

from  eastern  to  western  China,  the  fourth,  Vesaleae,  is  Mexican,  the  fifth,  Corym- 
bosae,  is  Central  Asiatic,  while  the  last,  Biflorae,  extends  from  Mongolia  to 
western  China. 

KEY  OF  THE  SPECIES. 

*  RamuH  pilis  villosia  v.  patentibus  instructi  v.  puberulis  v.  glabri,  nodis  non  in- 
crassatis;  petioli  basi  non  dilatati  nee  connati;  corolla  campanulato- 
infundibuliformis  staminibus  styloque  faucem  superantibus;  achaenia  teretia 
V.  subteretia. 

Sect.  I.   EUABELIA. 
t  PeduncuH  semper  biflori,  solitarii  in  apice   ramulorum  lateraUum  brevium; 

ramuH  solidi  medulla  angusta Subsect.  1.   SERRATAE. 

Sepala  5 1.   A.  spathulala. 

Sepala  2. 

Folia  parva  ad  3  cm.  longa;  sepala  apice  2-3-dentata;  corolla  1.5  cm. 
longa,  apicem  versus  sensim  ampliata,  limbo  suberecto,  rosea. 

2.   A.  serrata. 
Foha  majora,  ad  6  cm.  longa;  sepala  apice  plerumque  obtusa  v.  obtusius- 
cula,  rarius  leviter  excisa. 
Achaenia  pilosa;  sepala  ovata;  folia  serrata;  corolla  2  cm.  longa,  infundi- 

buliformis.  Umbo  patente,  lactea 3.   ^4..  Buchwaldii. 

Achaenia  glabra;  sepala  lanceolata;  foha  parcius  serrata  v.  fere  Integra. 

4.   A.  gymnocarpa. 
tt  PeduncuH  unifiori,  rarius  plurifiori,  axillares,  saepe  apice  ramulorum  infiores- 
centias  pluri-  v.  multiflores  formantes. 
t  Sepala    2;    stamina    quam    corolla    breviora;    pedunculi    unifiori;    ramuli 

anguste  fistulosi Subsect.  2.   UNIFLORAE. 

Folia  acuminata. 

Ramuli  glabri  (in  A.  uniflora  interdum  puberuli). 

Corolla  2.5-3  cm.  longa,  sepalis  triplo  longior,   plerumque  e  tubo 
angusto  paullo  infra  medium  v.  medio  ampUata. 
Foha  Integra  v.  minute  obsoleteque  denticulata,  4-7  cm.  longa, 
longe  acuminata;  peduncuU  axillares  plurifiori. 

5.   A.  macrotera. 
Folia  serrulata  v.  dentata. 
Corolla  e   medio   amphata,   infra   medium   anguste   tubularis; 
pedunculi  unifiori,  axillares  in  apice  ramulorum  elongatorum; 
foUa  parva,  1.5-2.5  cm.  longa,  serrulata. 

6.    A.  longituba. 
Corollae  pars  tubularis  vix  tertiam  partem  corollae  formans; 
folia  3-6  cm.  longa. 
Folia  subcoriacea,  glabra.    Pedunculi  1-3-flori  in  apice  ramu- 
lorum  elongatorum    inflorescentias    plurifloras    formantes; 
corolla  fere  campanulata,  basi  breviter  tubulosa. 

7.   A.  uniflora. 
Folia  membranacea  plerumque  pilosa.     Pedunculi  uniflora  in 
apice    ramulorum    brevium,    corollae    pars   tubularis   fere 
tertiam  partem  corollae  formans. 

8.   A.  Graebneriana. 
Corolla  1.5-2  cm.  longa,  e  tubo  bre\'i  campanulata,  sepalis  duplo 
longior;  flores  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium. 

9.   A.  Engleriana. 


124  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Hamuli  juniorea  pubenili,  virides;  folia  oblongo-lanceolata,  Integra  v. 
interdum  paucidentata,  1.5-3  cm.  longa  et  5-12  mm.  lata;  corolla 

2  cm.  longa 10.   A.  Koehneana. 

Folia  acuta  v.  obtusa,  parva,  1-2.5  cm.  longa,  discoloria,  chartacea  v. 

subcoriacea;    pedunculi    uniflori,    plerumque    in    apice    ramulorum 

elongatorum  inflorescentias  pluriflores  formantes;  ramuli  puberuli  et 

sparse  pilosi. 

Folia  eglandulosa,  subtus  ad  costam  villosa.    Corolla  parva,  1-1.5  cm. 

longa,  anguste  infundibuliformis 11.   .A.  tereticalyx. 

Corolla  campanulato-infundibuliformis,  2.5  cm.  longa,  infra  medium 
subito  ampliata,  limbo  1.5-2  cm.  diam.;  folia  margine  plana. 

12.  A.  Schumannii. 
Corolla  infundibuliformis,  2.5  cm.  longa,  supra  medium  sensim  am- 
pliata, limbo  8  mm.  diam.,  folia  margine  revoluta. 

13.  A.  myrtilloides. 
Folia  utrinque  puberula  et  glandulosa;  corolla  2.5  cm.  longa,  campanu- 
lato-infundibuliformis     14.   A  parvifolia. 

XX  Sepala  5;  stamina  stylusque  plus  minus  exserta. 

Inflorescentiae  axillares,  bi-  v.  pluriflorae  in  apice  ramulorum  paniculas 
plerumque  multifiores  formantes;  stamina  limbum  superantia; 
medulla  ramulorum  angusta,  solida  v.  partim  evanescens. 

Subsect.  3.   RUPESTRES. 
Folia  parva,  5-10  mm.  longa,  late  ovata,  acutiuscula. 

15.   A.  Aschersoniana. 
Folia  majora,  ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  acuta  v.  acuminata. 
Folia  concoloria,  acuta,  basi  cuneata;  sepala  S-10  mm.  longa,  tubo 

coroUae  parum  breviora 16.   .4.  rupestris. 

Folia  discoloria,  acuminata,  basi  plerumque  rotundata;  sepala  4-5 
mm.  longa,  tubo  corollae  dimidio  breviora. 

17.  A.  chinensis. 
Inflorescentiae  axillares,  uniflorae,  racemos  breves  terminales  formantes; 
stamina  limbo  breviora;  medulla  ramulorum  angusta,  solida. 

Subsect.  4.   VESALEAE. 
Corolla  4-5  cm.  longa;  folia  crenata,  ciliata,  membranacea. 

18.   A.  floribunda. 
Corolla  1.5-2  cm.  longa;  folia  saepissime  Integra,  glaberrima,  coriacea. 

19.  A.  coriacea. 
**  Ramuli  pilis  setosis  reflexis  instructi,  rarius  glabri,  nodis  incrassatis,  medulla 
ampla  solida;  petioli  basi  dilatati  et  connati  gemmas  axillares  obtegentes 
et  in  ramulis  annotinis  speciem  stipularum  intrapetioliarium  formantes; 
pedunculi  bi-  v.  tri-,  rarius  pluriflori;  corolla  tubuloso-infundibuliformis, 
tubo  cylindrico,  limbo  paten te,  staminibus  inclusis,  stylo  vix  exsertis; 

achaenia  compressa,  saepius  curvata Sect.  II.   ZABELIA. 

Pedunculi  axillares  plerumque  triflori  in  apice  ramulorum  paniculam  sub- 

capitatam  formantes      Subsect.  5.   CORYMBOSAE. 

Sepala  5,  filiformia,  pinnato-pilosa        20.   A.  triflora. 

Sepala  4,  lineari-lanceolata  v.  elliptica. 

Sepala  lineari-lanceolata,  corollae  tubo  duplo  vel  quadruplo  breviora. 

21.   A.  angustijolia. 
Sepala  lanceolata  v.  elliptica,  corollae  tubo  vix  breviora. 

22.   A.  corymbosa. 

Pedunculi  biflori  v.  rarius  pluriflori  in  apice  ramulorum  plerumque  brevium 

solitarii;  sepala  4 Subsect  6.   BIFLORAE. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  ABELIA  125 

Pedunculi  biflori. 
Pedunculi  nulli;  pedicellis  usque  ad  basin  libera;  folia  plerumque  serrata. 

25.   A.  hiflora. 
Pedunculi  0.5-1.2  cm.  longi. 
Folia  acuminata. 
Folia  lanceolata  discoloria,  Integra,  subtus  glaberrima. 

24.   A.  Dielsii. 
Folia  ovato-oblonga,  rarius  lanceolata  Integra  v.  paucidentata  con- 

coloria  subtus  pubescent ia 25.   A.  Zanderi. 

Folia  obtusa,  apice  crenato-serrata,  glabra,  eubdiscoloria. 

26.   A.  onkocarpa. 
Pedunculi  5-  ad  7-flori;  folia  ovato-oblonga  v.  ovata,  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula. 

27.   A.  umbellata. 

ENUMERATION   OF  THE  SPECIES. 

Sect.  I.   EUABELIA  Rehder,  n.  sect,  (see  p.  123). 
Ser.  1.   SERRATAE,  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX,  126,  131  (1900). 
Biflorae  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (in  part)  (1893). 

1.  Abelia  spathulata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  77,  t.  34,  fig.  2  (1835).  — 
Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CVIII.  t.  6611  (1882). 

Abelia  serrata  A.  Gray  in  Perry,  Narr.  Exped.  China  Jap.  II.  313  (secundum 

specimen  authent.)  (1856). 
Linnaea  spathulata  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  142  (1901). 
Japan:  Hondo  {Maxiviowicz,  C.  Wright,  C.  S.  Sargent,  K.  Watanabe,  J.  G. 

Jack,  Faurie  (No.  6837,  6838);  Kiusiu  (Rein  ex  Graebner). 

2.  Abelia  serrata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  77,  t.  34  (1835). 
Linnaea  serrata  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  133  (1900). 

Japan:  Hondo,  Siebold,  K.  Miyabe;  Shikoku,  Nanokawa,  Tosa,  June  11,  1888, 
K.  Watanabe;  Kiusiu  (Siebold  ex  Graebner). 

Abelia  serrata  has  sometimes  been  confounded  with  A.  uniflora  R.  Brovra,  but 
that  species  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  axillary,  one-flowered  or  sometimes  three- 
flowered  peduncles.  The  Chinese  specimens  identified  by  some  botanists  with 
A.  serrata  belong  to  A.  Graebneriana  Rehder,  a  species  closely  related  to  A.  uniflora, 
but  in  foliage  rather  similar  to  A.  serrata. 

3.  Abelia  Buchwaldii  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  Buchwaldii  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  133  (1900). 

Japan:  Hondo,  Nagasaki,  Maximowicz,  1863!,  Ushiroyama,  Mimasaki,  S. 
Arimoto,  1903. 

Graebner  describes  the  sepals  as  ciliate,  but  I  find  them  glabrous  in  Maximowicz's 
specimen,  while  in  Watanabe's  specimen  of  A.  serrata  the  sepals  are  sparingly  cili- 
ate; Arimoto's  specimen  which  has  the  sepals  ciliate,  is  without  flowers  and  I  am 
not  sure  whether  it  really  belongs  here  or  to  the  following  species;  the  akenes  are 
glabrous,  but  also  in  Maximowicz's  specimen  they  are  only  very  sparingly  pilose 
even  in  a  young  state. 

4.  Abelia  gjrmnocarpa  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  gymnocarpa  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  134  (1900). 

Japan:  Hondo,  between  Kioto  and  Maizura,  Tomba,  Doederlein  (ex  Graebner); 
Adera,  Shinano,  J.  G.  Jack,  September  5,  1905. 

I  have  not  seen  the  type  specimen,  but  Jack's  specimen  from  Adera,  which  is 
without  flowers,  seems  to  agree  well  with  Gracbner's  description  except  that  the 
sepals  are  not  strictly  lanceolate. 


126  WILSON    EXPEDITION    TO    CHINA 

Ser.  2.  UNIFLORAE  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  126,  129  (emend.) 
(1900). 

5.  A.  macrotera  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

lAnnaea  macrotera  Graebner  &  Buchwald  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  131  (1900). 

Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (Nos.  6398,  type,  1893). 

I  refer  to  this  species  also  Henry's  No.  1893,  though  it  differs  slightly  in  the 
thinner,  less  prominently  veined  leaves  always  cuneate  at  the  base,  while  in  No. 
6398  they  are  rounded  on  part  of  the  branches. 

6.  Abelia  longituba  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  gracilis  ramuUs  purpureo-fuscis  glabris.  Folia  decidua  brevi-petiolata, 
elliptico-ovata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  basi  cuneata,  plerumque  acuminata,  apice 
obtusiuscula  mucronulataque,  pauci-serrulata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra  pilis 
sparsis  ad  marginem  exceptis,  subtus  pallida,  sparse  glandulosa  ad  costam  tantum 
villosula  V.  glabra,  1.5-2.5  cm.  longa,  5-8  mm.  lata.  Pedunculi  uniflori,  axillares 
in  apice  ramulorum  brevium,  medio  bracteis  duobus  subulatis  ciliolatis,  apice 
bracteolis  quattuor  ovatis  ciliolatis  instituti;  sepala  oblonga,  obtusa  8-10  mm. 
longa,  glabra;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  calyce  triplo  longior,  3  cm.  longa,  infra 
medium  anguste  tubularis,  e  medio  apicem  versus  ampliata,  limbo  patulo,  1.5-2 
cm.  diam.,  extus  minute  puberula,  fauce  intus  subvillosa,  staminibus  longioribus 
styloque  tubum  subaequantibus.  Achaenia  sub  anthesi  6  mm.  longa,  subteretia, 
leviter  costata,  glabra. 

Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  1356). 

Abelia  longituba  is  closely  related  to  A.  uniflora,  but  from  this  and  the  other 
allied  species  easily  distinguished  by  the  long  and  slender  tube  of  the  corolla  and 
the  small  leaves. 

7.  Abelia  uniflora  R.  Brown  in  WaUich,  PI.  As.  Rar.  I.  15  (1830).  —  Lindley  in 
Bot.  Reg.  XXXII.  text  to  t.  8  (1846).  —  Lindley  &  Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  II.  145, 
fig.  208  (1852).  —FZ.  Serres,  VII.  227,  fig.  (1852).  —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXIX. 
t.  4694  (1853).  —  Planchon  in  Fl.  Serres,  VIII.  t.  824  (1853).  —  Morren  in  Belg. 
Hort.  III.  338,  t.  (1853).  —  Jowr.  Hort.  Prat.  Guide  Jard.  XI.  129,  t.  (1853).  —  Le- 
maire  in  Jard.  Fleur.  IV.  t.  380  (1854).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Petersbourg  XXXI.  56  (1886);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XII.  476. 

Linnaea  uniflora,  A.  Braun    &  Vatke  in  Oesterr.  Bot.  Zeitschr.  XXII.  291 
(1872).  —  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  131  (in  part)  (1900). 

China:  Fokien,  Reeves  (ex  R.  Brown),  R.  Fortune  (ex  Lindley). 

Of  this  species  I  have  seen  only  specimens  from  cultivated  plants  which  agree 
perfectly  with  the  figure  published  by  Hooker.  According  to  Maximowicz  the  type 
specimen  has  smaller  flowers  and  Lindley's  figure  shows  the  leaves  slightly  hairy, 
but  I  do  not  think  that  the  type  and  Lindley's  plant  are  different  from  the  plant 
now  in  cultivation.  Abelia  uniflora  has  been  made  to  include  the  plant  of  western 
China  now  described  as  A.  Graebneriana,  and  even  the  Japanese  A.  serrata  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini,  but  the  latter  differs  markedly  in  its  two-flowered  terminal  peduncles, 
and  belongs  to  another  group,  and  the  former,  though  closely  related,  is  certainly 
sufficiently  distinct  to  form  a  separate  species. 

8.  Abelia  Graebneriana  Rehder.     See  p.  118. 

9.  Abelia  Engleriana  (Graebn.)  Rehder.     See  p.  120. 
10.   Abelia  Koehneana  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  Koehneana  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  132  (1900). 
Szech'uan:  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1843). 

Easily  distinguished  from  the  allied  species  by  the  puberulous  and  green  young 
branchlets  and  the  very  narrow  leaves. 


CAPKIFOLIACEAE.  —  ABELIA  127 

11.  Abelia  tereticalyx  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  tereticalyx  Graobner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  130  (1900). 

China:  Szech'uan:  Tibet  frontier,  alt.  3000-4500  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  136). 

Of  this  species  I  have  seen  only  a  specimen  of  Pratt's  No.  136  without  fully  de- 
veloped flowers.  It  seems  closely  related  to  A.  Schumannii,  but  diflers  in  the 
smaller  flowers  and  in  the  narrower  leaves. 

12.  Abelia  Schumannii  (Graebn.)  Rehder.     See  p.  121. 

13.  Abelia  myrtilloides  Rehder.     See  p.  120. 

Ser.  3.  RUPESTRES  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (emend.)  (1893). 

15.  A.  Aschersoniana  Rehder,  n,  comb. 

Linnaea  Aschersoniana  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  139  (1900). 
China:    Kwang-tung,  Lantao  Island,  C.  Ford. 

16.  Abelia  rupestris  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXII.  t.  8  (1846).  —  Lindley  & 
Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  II.  130,  fig.  201  (1852). 

Linnaea  rupestris  A.  Braun    &  Vatke  in  Oesterr.  Bot.  Zeitschr.  XXII.  291 
(1872). 
China:  Fokien,  Chamoo  Hills  (ex  Lindley). 

I  have  seen  no  specimen  of  this  species.  According  to  the  descriptions  the  differ- 
ences between  this  and  the  following  seem  very  slight  and  both  may  belong  to  the 
same  species. 

17.  Abelia  chinensis  R.  Br.     See  p.  121. 

Ser.  4.   VESALEAE  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (1893). 

18.  Abelia  floribunda  Decaisne  apud  Lemaire  in  Ft.  Serres,  II.  t.  5  (4)  (1846).— 
Decaisne  in  Rev.  Hort.  1847,  301,  t.  16.  —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXIII.  t.  4316 
(1847).  — Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXIII.  t.  55  (184:7).— Florist,  11.  229,  t.  (1847).— 
Garden,  XIII.  468,  t.  128  (1878).  —  Visschere  in  Rev.  Hort.  Belg.  XXIL  157,  t. 
(1897). 

Vesalea  floribunda  Martens  &  Galeotti  in  Bull.  Acad.  Brux.  XI.  242  (1844). 
Vesalea  hirsuta  Martens  &  Galeotti,  I.  c.  242  (1844). 

Abelia  speciosa  Decaisne  apud  Lemaire  in  Ft.  Serres,  II.  text  to  t.  5  (1846). 
Abelia  hirsuta  Walpers,  Rep.  VI.  3  (1848). 

Linnaea  floribunda  A.  Braun  &  Vatke  in  Oesterr.  Bot.  Zeitschr.  XXII.  291 
(1872). 
Mexico:  Sierra  de  San  Fehpe,  C.  G.  Pringle  (No.  4649),  Cerro  San  Fehpe,  E.  W. 
Nelson  (No.  1053). 

19.  Abelia  coriacea  Hemsley,  Diagn.  PL  Nov.  Mex.  53  (1878-80);  Bot.  Biol. 
Am.  Centr.  II.  4,  t.  36,  fig.  1-5  (1881). 

Linnaea  coriacea  Fritsch  in  Engler  &  PrantI,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  IV.  4,  p.  166, 
fig.  55  (1891). 
Mexico:  San  Louis  Potosi,  C.  C.  Parry    &  E.  Palmer  (No.  299);  Sierra  de  la 
Silla,  C.  G.  Pringle  (No.  2546). 

Sect.  II.   ZABELIA,  n.  sect.     (See  p.  124). 

Ser.  5.   CORYMBOSAE  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (1893). 

20.  Abelia  triflora  R.  Brown  apud  WaUich,  PL  As.  Rar.  I.  14,  t.  15  (1830).  — 
Wight,  III.  II.  72,  t.  121,  C.  (1850).  — Lindley  &  Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  III.  93,  t. 
91  (1853).  — Lemaire  in  Jard.  Fleur.  III.  tab.  319  (1853).  —  Briot  in  Rev.  Hort. 
1871,  510,  t.  —  Hemsley  in  Garden,  X.  58,  t.  29  (1876).  —  Lauche,  Deutsch.  Dendr. 
199,  fig.  71  (1880).— Gard.  Chron.  ser.  2,  XVI.  169,  fig.  34  (1881).  — Pucci  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Tosc.  Ort.  XIX.  152,  t.  5  (1894). 


128  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Himalayas:  Kumaon,  Hooker  &  Thomson,  R.  Strachey  &  Winterbottom. — 
In  cultivation. 

A.  triflora,  var.  parvifolia  Clarke  in  Hooker,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  Ill,  9  (1882). 
Linnaea  triflora,  var.  /3  'parvifolia  Graebner  &  Buchwald  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX. 
135  (1900). 
Western  Himalayas:  Jhelum  Valley  and  Wuzaristan  (Stewart  ex  Clarke). 

21.  Abelia  angustifolia  Bureau  &   Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  47  (1891). 
Linnaea  angustifolia  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  135  (1900). 

Szetch'uan  (ex  Bureau  &  Franchet). 

22.  Abelia  corymbosa  Regel  &  Schmalhausen  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  V.  608 
(1878). 

Linnaea  corymbosa  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  136  (1900). 

Turkestan  (ex  Maximowicz).  Afghanistan:  Kurrum  Valley,  Aitchison 
(No.  341), 

The  specimens  from  Afghanistan  approach  the  preceding  species;  the  sepals  are 
lanceolate,  one-nerved  and  only  about  half  as  long  as  the  tube  of  the  corolla,  and 
the  leaves  are  oblong  to  lanceolate. 

Ser.  5.   BIFLORAE  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (emend.)  (1893)' 

23.  Abelia  biflora  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  X.  No.  VII.  152 
(Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1837).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  VI. 
29,  t.  11  (PI.  David.  I.  149)  (1883).  —  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXV.  515 
(1907). 

Abelia  Davidii  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  VI.  329  (1868),  XIII.  132  (1875). 

Abelia  shikokiana  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  VI.  55  (nom.  nudum)  (1892); 

VII.  286  (quasi  synon.  of  A.  biflora)  (1893). 
Linnaea  biflora  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  559  (1893). 
Shan  si:    Wutai-shan,  W.Purdom,  1909  (No.  297).     Chili  (ex  Franchet  and 
Maximowicz).     Mandshuria,  Maximowicz  (Iter  sec.  1860.)    Japan:  Shikoku, 
(ex  Makino). 

The  occurrence  of  A.  biflora  in  Shikoku,  as  reported  by  Makino,  seems  rather  un- 
likely, and  as  long  as  I  have  seen  no  specimens  of  A.  biflora  from  Japan,  this  deter- 
mination seems  doubtful  to  me. 

24.  Abelia  Dielsii  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  Dielsii  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  140  (1910). 
China:  Shensi,  Tai-pai-shan,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1815  ex  Diels). 

25.  Abelia  Zander!  (Graebn.)  Rehder.     See  p.  121. 

26.  Abelia  onkocarpa,  n.  comb. 

Linnaea  onkocarpa  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  140  (1901). 
China:  Shensi,  Si-ku-tzui-shan,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1766  ex  Diels). 

27.  Abelia  umbellata  (Graebn.)  Rehder.     See  p.  122. 

HYBRIDS. 

Abelia  chinensis  X  uniflora  =  A.  grandiflora  Rehder  in  Bailey,  Cycl.  Am.  Hort. 
I.  1  (1900). 

Abelia  rupestris,  var.  grandiflora  Rovelli  apud  Andr6  in  Rev.  Hort.  1886,  488. 
Abelia  rupestris  hybrida  Rovelli  ex  Schaedtler  in  MoUer's  Deutsch.  Gdrtner- 

Zeit.  II.  223  (1887). 
Abelia  rupestris  Hort.  (rupestris  X  uniflora)  Spath  in  Gartenfl.  XLI.  113  1. 1366 

(1892). 
Abelia  floribunda  hybrida,  A.  multiflora  hybrida,  A.  rupestris  alba  Hort.  ex 
Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  II.  33  (as  synon.)  (1893). 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  129 

Linnaea  (Abelia)  Spaethiana  {biflora  X  rupestris)  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb. 
XXIX.  144  (1900). 

Linnaea  (Abelia)  Perringiana  (uniflora  X  chinensis)  Graebner,  I.e.  145  (1900). 
This  hybrid  is  not  uncommon  in  cultivation  under  the  name  of  A.  rupestris; 
five  of  the  specimens  before  me  from  different  gardens  are  named  thus,  while  one 
is  named  A.  uniflora  and  one  A.  chinensis.  They  differ  only  slightly  from  each  other 
and  are  all  clearly  intermediate  between  A.  chinensis  and  A.  uniflora,  and  exhibit 
not  the  shghtest  trace  of  an  influence  of  A.  biflora  which,  moreover,  so  far  as  I 
know,  has  never  been  in  cultivation.  The  hybrid  is  hardier  than  either  of  its 
parents,  which  accounts  for  its  wider  distribution  in  our  gardens.  When  and  where 
it  originated  I  have  been  unable  to  find  out.  The  oldest  specimen  I  have  seen  was 
collected  at  Kew  in  1880  by  G.  Nicholson  under  the  name  of  A.  rupestris;  it  may 
be  the  form  sent  out  by  Veitch  as  A.  rupestris  grandiflora  alba  according  to  Andr6. 
The  form  described  by  Andre  as  A.  rupestris  grandiflora  originated  in  the  nurseries 
of  Rovelli  Brothers  at  Pallanza,  Italy.  I  have  before  me  a  specimen  collected  in 
Lavalle's  Arboretum  at  Segrez  in  1887  where  it  was,  according  to  the  label,  received 
from  Rovelli  under  that  name. 

SPECIES  TO   BE  EXCLUDED 

Abelia  splendens  Hort.  ex  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  II.  1,  p.  20  (as  synon.)  (1872)  = 
Lonicera  fragrantissima  Lindley  &  Paxton. 

Abelia  adenotricha  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  IX.  132,  1871  {Linnaea  adenotricha 
Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  144  [1900])  =  Lonicera  Elisae  Franchet. 

Though  I  have  not  seen  Hance's  specimen,  I  accept,  after  comparing  his  de- 
scription with  Lonicera  Elisae,  as  correct  Franchet's  suggestion  (Plant.  David. 
I.  152)  that  Abelia  adenotricha  is  probably  the  same  as  Lonicera  Elisae.  All  the 
characters  even  including  measurements  agree  with  those  of  L.  Elisae,  and  the 
peculiar  inflorescence  which  seemed  so  strange  to  Maximowicz  (Mel.  Biol.  XII. 
479)  may  be  explained,  if  one  imagines  that  Hance  had  a  specimen  like  the  upper 
part  of  Franchet's  figure  of  L.  Elisae;  Hance  may  have  easily  taken  the  sohtary 
peduncle  as  originating  between  the  two  branchlets.  Place  and  time  of  collection 
of  the  two  species  also  agree.  As  there  is  no  other  plant  among  the  undoubtedly 
complete  set  of  David's  plants  sent  to  Paris  and  determined  by  Franchet,  which 
corresponds  to  A.  adenotricha,  hardly  any  doubt  seems  to  be  left  that  Hance's 
name  must  be  referred  as  a  synonym  to  L.  Elisae. 

LONICERA  L. 

Subgen.  I.     CHAMAECERASUS  L. 

Sect.  I.    ISOXYLOSTEUM  Rehd. 

Subsect.   MicROSTYLAE   Rehd. 

Lonicera  tubuliflora  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  1-4  m.  altus  ramulis  gracilibus,  hornotinis  plerumque 
purpurascentibus  breviter  et  dense  villosis  interdum  glandulis  paucis 
interspersis,  annotinis  pallide  flavido-brunneis,  vetustioribus  griseis 
cortice  fibrose.    Gemmae  parvae,  griseo-flavescentes,  4  perulis  exteriori- 


130  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

bus.  Folia  decidua,  oblonga  v,  oblongo-obovata,  obtusa,  basi  rotun- 
data  V.  late  cuneata,  6-10  mm.  longa  et  2-3  mm.  lata,  glabra,  supra 
coeruleo-viridia,  subtus  glaucescentia,  utrinsecus  costis  3  v.  4  supra 
impressis,  subtus  conspicuis;  petioli  glabri,  0.5  mm.  longi.  Flores 
bini  in  pedunculis  glabris  petiolos  aequantibus  v.  paullo  superantibus 
erectis  v.  suberectis  axillaribus  in  parte  media  v.  superiore  ramulorum, 
fragrantissimi ;  bracteae  anguste  oblongae,  glabrae,  2.5-4  mm.  longae, 
calycem  duplo  superantes;  bracteolae  in  cupulam  vix  lobatam  ovariis 
dimidio  breviorem  connatae;  ovaria  ovoidea,  libera,  1.5  mm.  longa, 
bilocularia;  dentes  calycis  ovati  v.  oblongo-ovati,  obtusi,  inaequales, 
dimidia  ovaria  aequantes,  sparse  glanduloso-ciliati ;  corolla  tubulosa, 
alba,  extus  glabra,  tubo  cylindrico  fauce  leviter  constricto,  8-10  mm. 
longo,  2  mm.  diam.,  intus  supra  ihsertionem  staminum  pilis  longis 
infra  pilis  brevibus  sparsis  instructo,  lobis  patentibus  suborbicularibus, 
1.5  mm.  longis;  filamenta  brevissima,  tubo  paullo  supra  medium  affixa, 
antherae  oblongae,  connectivo  loculos  paullo  superante;  stylus  glaber 
tubo  dimidio  brevior.    Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  thickets  in  sunny  places  near  Mou-kong- 
ting,  alt.  2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1883). 

Lonicera  tubuliflora  seems  most  nearly  related  to  L.  syringantha  Maximowicz, 
which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  much  wider  lilac  corolla  with  the  tube  only 
three  times  as  long  as  the  Umb  and  not  constricted  at  the  mouth,  by  the  3-celled 
ovaries,  the  longer  lanceolate  caljTC-teeth,  the  higher  cupula  and  the  larger  often 
acute  leaves. 

Lonicera  thibetica  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  BoL  V.  48 
(1891). 

Western  Szech'uan:  uplands  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2500  m., 
July  28,  1908  (No.  827,  in  part);  around  Sungpan,  abundant,  alt. 
2400-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  827,  in  part). 

Lonicera  syringantha  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
hourg,  XXIV.  49;  in  Mel.  Biol.  X.  77  (1877). 

Western  Szech'uan:  upland  thickets,  Ta  p'ao  shan,  northeast  of 
Tachien-lu,  alt.  3600  m.,  July  6,  1908  (No.  1872) ;  Pan-lan-shan,  west 
of  Kuan-Hsien,  alt.  3600  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  1873). 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  slightly  from  the  type  in  their  shorter  corolla  tube,  4-5 
mm.  long,  and  in  their  narrower  and  smaller  leaves  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base  and 
usually  in  threes.  One  of  the  branches  shows  the  young  leaves  beneath  and  the 
flower  buds  furnished  with  a  very  sUght  floccose  pubescence  which  soon  disap- 
pears. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  131 

Sect.  2.   ISIKA  DC. 

Subsect.   PURPURASCENTES  Rehd. 

Lonicera    shensiensis   Rehder  in  Fedde,   Rey.    Sp.  Nov.  VI.  269 

(1909). 

Lonicera  trichopoda,  var.  shensiensis  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV. 
57  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  woodlands,  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1600-1800 
m.,  May  and  July  1907  (No.  1867). 

Lonicera  trichogyne  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  circiter  metralis  ramulis  junioribus  sparse  villosis, 
vetustioribus  pallide  griseis  v.  brunneo-griseis  cortice  fibroso.  Gem- 
mae parvae,  perulis  8-10  exterioribus  persistentibus.  Folia  decidua, 
oblonga  v.  obovata-oblonga,  v.  inferiora  minoraque  ovalia  v.  obovata, 
obtusa  V.  obtusiuscula,  basi  sensim  in  petiolum  pubescentem,  2-4 
mm.  longum  attenuata,  2-6  cm.  longa  et  13-23  mm.  lata,  supra  laete 
viridia  et  glabra  pilis  paucis  marginem  ciliatam  versus  exceptis,  sub- 
tus  cinerascenti-viridia  et  villosa  praesertim  in  venis,  utrinsecus  0-6- 
costata.  Flores  bini  in  pedunculis  gracilibus  sparse  villosis,  6-10  mm. 
longis  axillaribus  in  parte  inferiore  ramulorum;  bracteae  lineari-lanceo- 
latae,  acuminatae,  ciliatae  et  extus  pubescentes,  calycis  dentes  paullo 
superantes;  bracteolae  nullae;  ovaria  fere  tota  connata,  2  mm.  longa, 
villosa  uti  margo  calycis  brevis  obsolete  dentata;  corolla  gracilis,  tu- 
bulosa,  supra  basin  leviter  ventricosa,  14  mm.  longa,  lobis  suborbicu- 
laribus  suberectis;  antherae  lobos  paullo  superantes;  stylus  exsertus. 
Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  among 
rocks,  alt.  2300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1866,  young  fruits  only);  eastern 
Szech'uan,  Tchen-keou,  R.  P.  Farges  (flowers). 

Lonicera  trichogyne  is  closely  allied  to  L.  stenosiphon  Franchet  from  Yunnan, 
which  differs  in  its  smaller  narrow,  oblong,  acute  leaves,  pubescent  on  both  sides, 
longer  glabrous  peduncles,  larger  distinctly  toothed  calyx  and  shorter  stamens  with 
the  anthers  reaching  only  to  the  base  of  the  hmb.  The  description  of  the  flowers 
given  above  is  taken  from  Farges'  specimens,  which  differ  from  Wilson's  No.  1866 
in  the  leaves  being  only  12-18  mm.  long. 

Lonicera  serpyllifolia  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  58, 
t.  1,  f.  1-5  (1903). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2400-3000  m., 
September  1910  (No.  4140). 


132  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Wilson's  specimen  differs  from  the  type  in  the  nearly  subulate  bracts  and  the 
larger  leaves  and  possibly  does  not  belong  here,  but  without  flowers  it  is  difficult 
to  place. 

Lonicera  fiavipes  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  1-2  m.  altus  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  glabris  et 
plerumque  purpurascentibus,  annotinis  pallide  brunneis  et  nitidulis, 
vetustioribus  griseis  cortice  fibrose.  Gemmae  perulis  exterioribus 
circa  8  ovatis  obtusis  ciliatis  et  pubescentibus.  Folia  decidua,  obovata 
V.  obovato-oblonga  v.  inferiora  ovalia,  obtusa,  basi  in  petiolum  bre- 
vem  fere  glabrum  flavum  2-3  mm.  longum  attenuata,  supra  flavo- 
viridia  et  sparse  et  adpresse  pubescentia,  subtus  pallide  flavo-viridia, 
pilis  laxe  adpressis  obtecta,  2-4.5  cm.  longa  et  10-18  mm.  lata,  utrin- 
secus  5-6  costis  conspicuis  uti  costa  media  flavidis.  Flores  bini  in 
pedunculis  gracilibus  glabris  2-2.5  cm.  longis  axillaribus  in  parte  in- 
feriore  ramulorum;  bracteae  lanceolatae,  foliaceae,  sparse  ciliatae, 
calycis  dentes  superantes;  bracteolae  nullae;  ovaria  supra  medium 
connata,  margine  calycis  obsolete  dentata  trientem  ovariorum  ae- 
quante;  corolla  tubulosa,  gracilis,  supra  basin  leviter  gibbosa,  11  mm. 
longa,  albida,  extus  supra  medium  sparse  patentim  pilosa,  intus  pilis 
paucis  longis  infra  insertionem  staminum,  lobis  orbiculari-ovatis  2 
mm.  longis  suberectis;  filamenta  paullo  supra  medium  tubum  affixa, 
glabra,  3  mm.  longa,  antherae  2  mm.  longae,  lobos  medios  attingentes; 
stylus  exsertus,  15  mm.  longus,  pilis  longis  patentibus  instructus  basi 
et  apice  exceptis.    Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Hupeh:  Wen-tsao  Mts.,  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands, 
alt.  2300  m.,  June  5,  1908  (No.  i868). 

Most  nearly  related  to  L.  tangutica  Maxim.,  which  differs  chiefly  in  the  smaller 
and  narrower  acute  leaves  nearly  glabrous  on  the  imder  surface  or  only  sparingly 
pubescent  on  the  veins,  in  petioles  and  veins  not  being  yellow,  in  the  subulate  bracts 
not  exceeding  the  ovaries,  in  the  corolla  glabrous  on  the  outside,  and  in  the  style 
being  glabrous  or  only  furnished  with  a  few  hairs  near  the  base. 

Lonicera  tangutica  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peter shourg, 
XXIV.  48  (1877).  — Wolf  in  Gartenfl.  XL.  580,  fig.  104-105  (1891). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  common, 
alt.  1800-2400  m.,  August  1908  (No.  831);  Chin-ting-shan,  alt.  1800- 
2400  m..  May  and  September  1908  (No.  831^,  in  part);  Wa-shan, 
woods,  alt.  2400-3300  m.,  August  1908  (No.  950). 

Lonicera  szechuanica  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  172  (1895). 
L.  tangutica,  var.  glabra  Batalin,  I.  c. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  133 

Western  Szech'uan:  woodlands,  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
1800-2400  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  831"). 

Lonicera  Schneideriana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  metralis  ramulis  gracilibus,  junioribus  glabris,  anno- 
tinis  pallide  flavido-griseis  cortice  fibroso.  Gemmae  perulis  6-8  ex- 
terioribus  glabris  pallide  griseis.  Folia  decidua,  obovata  v.  oblongo- 
obovata,  apice  rotundata  v.  obtusiuscula,  basi  sensim  in  petiolum 
gracilem  glabrum  2  mm.  longum  attenuata,  1-2.5  cm.  longa  et  4-7 
mm.  lata,  utrinque  glabra,  supra  flavo-viridia,  subtus  glaucescentia. 
Flores  bini  in  pedunculis  gracilibus  pendulis  glabris  circa  2.5  cm. 
longis  axillaribus  in  parte  inferiore  ramulorum;  bracteae  subulatae, 
acutae,  vix  ovaria  tota  v.  fere  tota  connata  dimidia  aequantes;  brac- 
teolae  nullae;  calyx  campanulatus,  dentibus  inaequalibus  saepe  obso- 
letis,  dimidia  ovaria  aequans,  circa  1  mm.  longus;  corolla  tubulosa, 
basi  leviter  gibbosa,  9  mm.  longa,  flava,  extus  glabra,  intus  pubescens, 
lobis  suborbicularibus  erectis,  2  mm.  longis;  filamenta  glabra,  paullo 
infra  partem  trientem  superiorem  tubi  affixa,  2.5  mm.  longa,  antherae 
oblongae,  2  mm.  longae,  paullo  limbum  superantes;  stylus  exsertus, 
pubescens,  12  mm.  longus.  Bacca  subglobosa,  rubra,  circa  7  mm. 
diam.,  calyce  persistente  coronata;  semina  pluria,  ovoidea,  leviter 
compressa,  fiavescenti-alba,  2  mm.  longa,  testa  laevi. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2400  m., 
June  and  August  1908  (No.  831%  type);  alt.  2300  m.,  June  1908  (Nos. 
1859,  i860);  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4214);  around 
Sungpan,  upland,  rocky  places,  alt.  3000-3500  m.,  August  1910  (No. 
4023). 

Lonicera  Schneideriana  resembles  in  foliage  L.  szechuanica  Batalin,  which  differs 
in  the  stamens  being  shorter  than  the  corolla-lobes,  in  the  longer  bracts  and  in  the 
glabrous  style.  Lonicera  shensiensis  Rehder  is  distinguished  chiefly  by  the  shorter 
stamens  and  the  presence  of  bractlets,  while  L.  serpyllifolia  Rehder  differs  in  the 
smaller  somewhat  hairy  leaves,  the  ovate  bracts  and  shorter  pedvmcles.  No.  1859 
differs  from  the  type  in  the  generally  oblanceolate  leaves,  2-3  cm.  long.  No.  1860 
is  still  more  different  but  hardly  sufficiently  different  to  be  made  the  type  of  another 
species;  it  has  a  shorter  distinctly  gibbous  corolla,  shorter  calyx  and  glabrous 
style,  but  otherwise,  particularly  in  the  foliage,  the  short  bracts  and  in  the  sHghtly 
exserted  anthers,  it  agrees  with  the  type. 

I  take  pleasure  in  associating  with  this  species  the  name  of  Mr.  C.  K.  Schneider, 
whose  Illustrieries  Handbuch  der  Lauhholzkunde  contains  many  valuable  contribu- 
tions to  the  knowledge  of  Chinese  trees  and  shrubs. 

Lonicera  saccata  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  39,  pi.  20 
(1902). 


134  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-1800  m., 
May  and  July  1907  (No.  32);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  abundant, 
alt.  1800-2700  m.,  May  1907  (No.  1863);  rocks  in  woods,  not  common, 
alt.  2300  m..  May  10,  1907  (No.  1864);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
1500-2100  m.,  June  1910  (No.  4007).  Western  Szech'uan:  Chin- 
ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m..  May  and  July  1908  (No.  831^, 
in  part) ;  Ta-hsing-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2200-2700  m. 
(No.  1861);  thickets,  summit  of  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien, 
alt.  2700  m.  (No.  1862);  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2100-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4038). 

Wilson's  No.  1861  and  1862  from  Western  Szech'uan  differ  from  the  type  in 
their  shorter  less  saccate  corolla  and  also  in  the  less  pubescent  and  generally  broader 
leaves,  those  of  1861  resembling  f.  Wilsonii. 

Lonicera  saccata,  f.  Wilsonii  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard. 
XIV.  60  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  summit  of  Wen-tsao  Mt.,  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
thickets,  not  common,  alt.  2700  m..  May  1907  (No.  1865). 

The  specimen  differs  from  the  typical  f .  Wilsonii  in  its  smaller  leaves,  generally 
only  1.5  cm.  long. 

Lonicera  longa  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  61,  pi.  1, 
fig.  6  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-1800  m.,  Au- 
gust 1907  (No.  183);  alt.  2400-2700  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4415). 

One  of  Wilson's  specimens  with  unripe  fruits  fortunately  had  a  single  pair  of 
apparently  belated  flowers,  which  gives  me  the  opportunity  to  add  here  the  de- 
scription of  the  flowers,  hitherto  unknown.  Flowers  on  slender  upright  peduncles 
sparingly  pilose  or  glabrous;  bracts  linear-lanceolate  exceeding  the  minute  and 
indistinctly  toothed  calyx;  bractlets  wanting;  corolla  tubular,  10-12  mm.  long, 
shghtly  gibbous  above  the  base,  glabrous  outside,  sparingly  hairy  inside  below  the 
stamens;  lobes  orbicular-ovate,  about  1.5  mm.  long,  upright;  stamens  inserted 
somewhat  above  the  middle,  filaments  very  short,  anthers  oblong,  3  mm.  long,  not 
reaching  the  base  of  the  limb ;  style  exserted,  very  sparingly  pilose  below  the  middle. 

Subsect.    PiLEATAE  Rehd. 

Lonicera  gynochlamydea  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  362 
(1888). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  common,  side  of 
streams,  alt.  600-1400  m..  May  and  August  1907  (No.  266). 

Lonicera  ligustrina  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  ed.  2,  II.  179 
(1824).  —  Wight,  Icon.  PI.  Ind.  Or.  III.  14,  pi.  1025;  III.  Ind.  Bot.  H. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  135 

72,  pi.  121,  B.  3  (1850).  —  Fritsch  in  Engler  &  Prantl,  Nat.  Pflan- 
zenfam.  IV.  4,  167,  f.  57,  F-I  (1891). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  watercourses,  alt.  1200  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  II35,  in  part).  Western  Hupeh:  no  locality.  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  471). 

Lonicera  pileata  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVI.  pt.  1585  (1887).  — 
Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXV.  243,  pi.  101  (1904). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  water-courses,  alt.  30-900  m.,  April  and 
May  1907  (No.  1858).  Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  water- 
courses, alt.  1200-1800  m.,  June  and  August  1908  (No.  833,  in  part); 
Washan,  watercourses,  alt.  1600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  833,  in  part); 
Mupin,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1800  m.,  June  and  August  1908  (No.  877); 
Kuan-Hsien,  roadside,  alt.  900  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1135,  in  part). 

Subsect.   CHLAMYDOCARPi  Jaub.  &  Spach. 

Lonicera  Ferdinandii  Franchet,  var.  leycesterioides  Zabel  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVII.  189  (1908). 

Lonicera  leycesterioides  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  Beibl.  LXXXII.  100 
(1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  thickets,  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  KuanHsien, 
alt.  3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1874);  Mong-kong-ting,  June  1908  (No. 
1876);  northeast  of  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2400  m.,  August  1910 
(No.  4479). 

The  chief  difference  between  this  variety  and  the  tj^e  Ues  in  the  generally 
larger,  more  oblong-ovate  leaves,  their  softer  pubescence,  the  narrower  bracts  and 
the  less  setose  corolla. 

As  I  have  stated  before  {Rhodora,  XI.  210),  the  section  Vesicariae  proposed  by 
Komarov  and  adopted  by  me  in  my  Synopsis  of  the  genus  must  be  united  with  the 
Chlamydocarpi;  the  cupula  is  not  adnate  to  the  base  of  the  calyx,  only  firmly  ad- 
hering by  matted  hairs,  and  splits  at  maturity  disclosing  the  bright  red  berries. 

Subsect.  FRAGRANTissiMAE  Rehd. 

Lonicera  Standishii  Carriere,  var.  lancifolia  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri 
Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  82  (1903). 

Lonicera  pseudoproterantha  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII. 
723,  fig.  18  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  common  up  to  1200  m.,  April  and  June 
1907  (No.  14). 


136  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Lonicera  mucronata  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  83,  t. 
2,  fig.  8-9  (1903);  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  47,  t.  122  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  300-600  m.,  March 
26  and  May  24,  1907  (No.  Boi). 

Subsect.   BRACTEATAE  Hook.  f.  &  Thoms. 

Lonicera  mitis  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  50  (1907); 
in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  VI.  271  (1909). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  3600- 
3900  m.  (No.  4139)  • 

As  the  mature  leaves  and  fruits  of  this  species  have  not  been  described,  their 
description  may  be  given  here:  Leaves  oblong  or  obovate-oblong,  acutish  or  ob- 
tuse and  mucronulate,  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base,  2-3  cm.  long  and  8-15  mm. 
broad,  minutely  velvety  on  both  sides,  margin  revolute,  dark  green  above,  netted 
with  paler  veins,  paler  green  beneath  and  reticulate;  petioles  1-2  cm.  long,  puberu- 
lous.  Fruits  on  very  short  peduncles  1-3  mm.  long,  ovoid,  longer  than  the  bracts 
deciduous  at  maturity,  bluish  black,  usually  with  3-8  seeds;  seeds  irregularly 
triangular-oblong,  lustrous,  dark  brown,  4.5  mm.  long. 

This  and  L.  cyanocarpa  Franchet  are  so  far  the  only  species  known  of  the  Brac- 
teatae  which  have  blue  or  bluish  black  fruits.  Lonicera  cyanocarpa,  of  which  the 
flowers  are  unknown,  is  apparently  closely  related,  but  easily  distinguished  by  the 
narrower  and  somewhat  larger  coriaceous  leaves,  setulose-ciUate  on  the  margin  and 
by  the  ovate-lanceolate  acuminate  and  ciliate  bracts.  When  in  fruit  L.  mitis  looks 
in  general  appearance  so  much  hke  L.  coerulea  that  it  might  be  taken  for  that 
species  if  it  were  not  for  the  distinct  berries. 

Lonicera  setifera  Franchet,  var.  truUifera  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Folia  quam  in  typo  majora,  6-12  cm.  longa  petiolis  basi  valde  dila- 
tatis  oppositis  connatis  et  cupulam  oblongam  subtus  manifeste  triner- 
vem  interdum  plus  quam  1  cm.  latam  et  2.5  cm.  longam  formantibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  summit  of  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  alt.  2700  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  902=*). 

The  leaves  of  this  variety  have  the  same  coarse  dentation,  a  very  unusual  feat- 
ure in  the  genus,  as  those  of  the  type  from  Yunnan,  but  are  nearly  twice  as  large. 
As  long  as  the  type  and  this  variety  are  known  from  a  single  collection  each,  it  can- 
not be  decided  whether  the  peculiar  dilated  petioles  are  an  essential  feature  of  the 
variety  or  may  also  occur  on  vigorous  branches  of  the  type. 

Lonicera  subdentata  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  1-3  m.  altus  ramuhs  glabris,  annotinis  pallide  brun- 
neis  V.  griseo-brunneis  cortice  laevi.  Gemmae  perulis  exterioribus  2 
acutis  circa  5  mm.  longis.  Folia  decidua,  oblongo-ovata  v.  elliptico- 
oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotundata,  Integra  v.  utrin- 
que  1-3  dentibus  latis  obtusisque,  5-9  cm.  longa  et  2.5-4  cm.  lata, 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  137 

papyracca,  supra  obscure  viridia  pilis  setosis  adpressis  paucis  conspersa, 
subtus  glaucescentia  et  hirsuta,  utrinsecus  5-6-costata;  petioli  sparse 
setosi,  4  mm.  longi.  Flores  desiderantur.  Baccae  ovoideae,  rubrae, 
sparse  setosae  in  pcdunculis  5  mm.  longis  setosis  et  sparse  glandulosis 
e  basi  innovationum  orientibus;  bracteae  oblongo-ovatae,  acutae, 
1  cm.  longae,  setoso-ciliatae,  ceterum  glabrae;  calycis  dentes  ovati, 
inaequales,  plerumque  obtusi,  2-3  mm.  longi,  setoso-ciliati ;  semina 
late  oblonga,  5-6  mm.  longa,  compressa,  flavescentia,  testa  laevi. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2400- 
2700  m,  July  1908  (No.  902). 

Lonicera  subdentata  seems  most  nearly  related  to  the  preceding  species  and  to 
L.  scabrida  Franchet,  but  both  these  species  have  the  branchlets  furnished  with 
reflexed  setose  hairs.  Lonicera  praecox  Rehder,  which  is  somewhat  similar  in  fohage 
and  in  its  glabrous  branchlets,  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  winter-buds  having 
several  outer  roundish  scales  and  by  the  glabrous  ovaries. 

Lonicera  hispida  Pallas  apud  Roemer  &  Schultes,  Sijst.  V.  258 
(1819). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,-  alt. 
2700-3000  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  1855);  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  June  8,  1908  (No.  1853);  Sung- 
pan,  grass  land,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4010). 

None  of  these  specimens  represent  the  type  of  the  species;  No.  1855  resembles 
in  the  shape  of  the  leaves,  bracts  and  corolla  L.  chaetocarpa,  but  the  leaves  are 
nearly  and  the  ovaries  quite  glabrous,  while  No.  1853  consists  of  two  slightly  differ- 
ing specimens  resembling  in  foliage  and  shape  of  corolla  somewhat  L.  vaccinioides 
Rehder,  but  the  leaves,  particularly  on  the  upper  surface,  are  sparingly  hairy,  the 
corolla  is  larger  and  the  ovaries  densely  glandular  in  one  specimen  and  glandular 
and  setose  in  the  other. 

Lonicera  chaetocarpa  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Lonicera  hispida  var.  chaetocarpa  Batalin  apud  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bat. 
Gard.  XIV.  94  (1903). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2400  m.,  July  and 
October  1908  (No.  942);  upland  thicket  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2400- 
3400  m.,  October  1908  (Nos.  1077,  1854);  Mupin,  upland  thickets, 
alt.  3000  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1077^),  thickets,  alt.  2100-2500  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  1857);  upland  thickets,  alt.  2700  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4230);  Wa-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  3000  m.,  July  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3754). 

In  habit  and  in  its  general  appearance  this  species  differs  markedly  from  typical 
L.  hispida  Pallas,  of  which  it  has  been  considered  a  variety.  It  is  easily  distinguished 
by  the  setose  and  glandular  ovary,  the  larger  and  wider  corolla  prominently  saccate 


138  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

at  the  base,  the  larger  bracts,  the  larger  leaves,  hirsute  on  both  sides  and  grajdsh 
green  beneath,  and  by  the  hirsute  pubescence  of  the  whole  plant. 

Lonicera  praecox  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Caprifolium  praecox  Kuntze,  Rev.  Gen.  Plant.  I.  274  (1891). 
Lonicera  infundibulum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  315  (1896). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang  Hsien,  roadsides,  alt., 1000-1500  m., 
April  1907  (No.  1856);  Fang  Hsien,  rare,  alt.  1600-1700  m.,  June  15, 
1910  (No.  4006). 

Subsect.   ALPiGENAE  Rehd. 

Lonicera  mupinensis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus,  1.5-6  m.  altus  ramulis  junioribus  sparse  stipitato- 
glandulosis  mox  glabrescentibus  v.  fere  glabris,  ramis  vetustioribus 
cinereis  fibrosis.  Gemmae  circa  1  cm.  longae,  perulis  8-10  exterioribus 
scariosis  lanceolatis  acuminatis,  interioribus  accrescentibus  foliaceis 
omnibus  sub  anthesi  erectis  longe  persistentibus  instructae.  Folia  ellip- 
tico-oblonga  v.  oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  late 
cuneata,  inferiora  interdum  rotundata,  6-12  cm.  longa  et  2.5-5.5  lata, 
dense  molliter  ciliata,  supra  laete  viridia,  initio  sparse  pilosa,  demum 
fere  glabra,  subtus  pallide  viridia,  ad  venas  venulasque  pilosa,  inter- 
dum glabrescentia,  basin  versus  plerumque  sparse  glandulosa,  utrinse- 
cus  6-7-costata;  petioli  5-8  mm.  longi,  sparse  v.  interdum  densius 
glandulosi  et  sparse  breviter  pilosi,  demum  glabrescentia.  Flores  bini 
pedunculis  stipitato-glandulosis  v.  fere  glabris  apice  incrassatis  3.5- 
5  cm.  longis  insidentes;  bracteae  subulatae,  glanduloso-ciliatae,  ovaria 
disjuncta  duplo  v.  fere  duplo  superantes;  bracteolae  liberae  v.  anteriora 
basi  tantum  connata,  glanduloso-ciliatae,  ovatae,  obtusae,  ovariis 
dimidio  breviores  v.  et  oblongae  ovariis  triplo  breviores;  corolla  bila- 
biata,  1.5  cm.  longa,  extus  glabra,  atropurpurea,  tubus  manifests 
gibbosus,  intus  dense  pilosus,  limbo  paullo  brevior,  labium  superius 
4-lobum  lobis  ovatis  rotundatis  brevibus;  stamina  limbo  paullo  brevi- 
ora  filamentis  basi  pilosa  excepta  glabris  quam  antherae  anguste  ob- 
longae longioribus;  stylus  stamina  subaequans,  infra  medium  pilosus. 
Baccae  rubrae,  subglobosae,  8-10  mm.  diam.,  seminibus  plerumque 
2-3,  ovoideis  leviter  compressis  flavido-albidis  laevibus  nitidulis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2400  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  861,  in  part);  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4225);  near  Wa-shan,  woodlands  and  thickets,  alt.  2100-2700  m., 
June  and  September  15,  1908  (No.  861,  in  part),  alt.  2700-3000  m., 
July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3741).  ^ 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  139 

This  species  forms  with  L.  Webbiana  Wallich,  L.  heterophylla  Decaisne,  L. 
heteroloba  Batalin,  L.  tatsienensis  Franchet,  and  L.  perulata  Rehder  a  group  of  very 
closely  related  species.  The  first  differs  chiefly  in  the  glandular  pubescence,  pale 
flowers  and  broader  not  acuminate  partly  reflexed  bud-scales;  L.  heterophylla  in 
the  quite  glabrous  foliage;  L.  heteroloba  and  L.  tatsienensis  differ  in  the  smaller  re- 
flexed  bud-scales,  in  the  smaller  leaves  being  pilose  on  the  whole  under  surface  and 
usually  rounded  at  the  base  and  in  the  shorter  bracts;  L.  perulata  is  easily  distin- 
guished by  its  numerous  obtuse  bud-scales.  From  all  these  species  L.  mupinensis 
differs  in  its  upright  lanceolate  acuminate  bud-scales;  in  the  shape  of  the  leaves  and 
in  the  amount  of  pubescence  it  seems  rather  variable. 

Lonicera  tatsienensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  313  (1896). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 
2100-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1870),  August  1910  (No.  4037),  Octo- 
ber 1910  (No.  4319). 

One  of  Wilson's  specimens  under  No.  1870  has  part  of  the  leaves  deeply  and 
irregularly  lobed,  but  agrees  otherwise  with  the  type;  another  specimen  under  the 
same  number  and  No.  4319  differ  in  their  nearly  glabrous  and  broader  leaves. 

Lonicera  Hemsleyana  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV. 
112  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cHffs,  rare,  alt.  1800  m..  May 
1907  (No.  1871). 

No.  1871  differs  from  the  type  in  the  leaves  being  loosely  pubescent  beneath 
and  sometimes  rounded  at  the  base,  in  the  shorter  cupule  and  in  the  style  being 
glabrous  near  the  apex. 

Subsect.    RHODANTHAE  Maxim . 

Lonicera  modesta  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  IL  49  (1907). 
Kiangsi:  Ruling,  alt.  1200  m.,  July  2,  1907  (Nos.  1658,  1658'^). 

Lonicera  modesta,  var.  lushanensis  Rehder,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  foliis  ovalibus  v.  oblongis,  glabris  v.  fere  glabris. 
Kiangsi:   Kuhng,  Lushan  Mountains,  side  of  streams,  common, 
alt.  1200  m.  (Nos.  1657,  type,  1655,  1656). 

This  variety  seems  rather  variable  in  pubescence  and  shape  of  the  leaves;  No. 
1657  has  the  young  branchlets  villous  and  the  midrib  on  both  surfaces  of  the  leaves 
and  also  the  peduncles  and  bractlets  pubescent;  the  leaves  are  oval  to  elliptic. 
No.  1655  is  nearly  glabrous  except  a  few  hairs  on  the  petioles,  the  peduncles  and 
on  the  branchlets  just  below  the  nodes;  the  leaves  are  elliptic  to  ovate-lanceolate 
and  often  acute.  No.  1656  has  the  pubescence  of  the  preceding  specimen,  but  the 
leaves  are  narrowly  elliptic  or  oblong  and  obtuse  or  acutish. 

Lonicera  retusa  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  313  (1896).  —  Rehder 
in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  49,  t.  123  (1907). 


140  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

West  ern  Szech'uan:  near  Mong-kong  Ting,  thickets,  side  of  river, 
alt.  2400-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1877). 

No.  1877  differs  from  the  tj'pe  in  its  generally  narrowly  elliptic,  obtuse  or  acutish, 
not  retuse,  leaves. 

Lonicera  nervosa  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIV.  39  (1877). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  northeast  of  Tachien-lu, 
woods,  alt.  2700-3600  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1880);  northeast  of  Sungpan, 
woodlands,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  401 1). 

Lonicera  lanceolata  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,FZ.7nd.ed.2,  II.  177  (1824). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woods,  common,  alt.  2100-2700 
m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  927);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2300  m., 
September  1908  (No.  927^^);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  2200-2300  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  1881).  Western 
Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2200  m.,  September  1907  (No. 
304). 

No.  304  from  Hupeh  differs  from  the  type  in  its  glabrous  leaves. 

Sect.  3.    COELOXYLOSTEUM 
Subsect.   OCHRANTHAE  Rehd. 

Lonicera  Koehneana  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  41,  t. 
21  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  common, 
alt.  1200-1800  m..  May  and  July  1907  (No.  93):  Chang-lo  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1500-2100  m.,  May  and  July  1907  (No.  93=^);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500-2300  m.,  June  and  July  1907  (No.  98), 
June  12,  1910  (No.  4478);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2300  m., 
August  1907  (No.  198). 

Lonicera  Maackii  Maximowicz,  var.  podocarpa  Franchet  apud 
Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  141  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  common, 
alt.  900-1500  m.,  May  5  and  August  1907  (No.  194);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  900  m.,  October  1907  (No.  412);  South  Wushan, 
thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  October  1907  (No.  457).  Chekiang:  Ningpo, 
D.  Macgregor. 

Lonicera  deflexicalyx  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  173  (1892). 
Western  Szech'uan:   W^a-ssu   country,   Wen-chuan  Hsien,   alt. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  141 

2400-2700  m.,  July  and  August  1908  (No.  8o8):  near  Wa-shan,  thick- 
ets, alt.  2700  m.,  September  14,  1908  (No.  8o8^);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt. 
2400-3000  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  856,  in  part),  October 
1910  (No.  4293);  Nin-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
2500  m.,  June  1907  (No.  1852);  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2400-3000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4179). 

Lonicera  trichosantha  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  48 
(1891). 

Lonicera  ovalis  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  170  (1895). 

Western  Szech'uan:  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2400-3000  m., 
June  and  September  1908  (Nos.  856%  856*^),  October  1910  (No.  856, 
in  part) . 

No.  SoG**  differs  in  the  leaves  being  slightly  pubescent  on  both  surfaces  and  more 
densely  on  the  midrib  beneath. 

Lonicera  prostrata  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  II.  50 
(1907);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  VI.  275  (1909). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Sungpan  Ting  (type  locahty),  alt. 
3000-3500  m.,  August  and  October  1910  (No.  4044);  Mupin,  prostrate 
over  loamy  bank,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4227). 

Sect.  4.    NINTOOA  DC. 

Subsect.  BREViFLORAE  Rehd. 

Lonicera  crassifolia  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  172  (1892). 
Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  1878). 

Lonicera  alseuosmoides  Graebner  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  594  (1901). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m., 
September  18,  1908  (No.  938);  Chito  near  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  very 
rare,  alt.  3000  m.,  July  26,  1908  (No.  1882). 

Lonicera  Henryi  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  363  (1888). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  abundant, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  and  September  1907  (No.  254,  in  part);  Chang- 
lo  Hsien,  common,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  254,  in  part); 
Fang  Hsien,  common,  alt.  1200-1400  m.,  July  1907  (No.  254,  in  part); 
South  Wushan,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  254,  in  part) ;  Pa- 
tung  Hsien,  thickets,  abundant,  alt.  1200-1400  m.,  June  1907  (No. 
254,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  common,  alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July 


142  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

1907   (No.  254,  in  part).     Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1879,  in  part). 

Lonicera  Henryi,  var.  subcoriacea  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subcoriaceis  nitidulis  majoribus  ovato-oblongis 
6-10  cm.  longis  et  2.5-^  cm.  latis  omnino  glabris  costa  media  supra 
strigillosa  excepta.  Ramuli  in  parte  superiore  dense  strigillosi,  in  in- 
feriore  plerumque  glabri;  petioli  dense  strigillosi,  pedunculi  hirti, 
bracteae  bracteolaeque  ciliatae;  flores  2  cm.  longi,  tubo  quam  limbus 
longiore. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yung-ching  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2100 
m.,  September  1910  (No.  4097);  Wa-ssu  country,  Wen-chuan  Hsien, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1879,  in  part) ;  near  Mong-kong  Ting, 
thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June  18,  1908  (No.  1879,  in  part). 

In  the  shape  of  the  fohage  this  variety  resembles  very  much  L.  fuchsioides 
Hemsley,  but  that  species  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  perfectly  glabrous  branch- 
lets  and  inflorescence,  by  the  larger  flowers  and  by  the  looser  and  more  elongated 
terminal  inflorescence.  No.  1879  forms  a  transition  to  the  type,  as  the  leaves  of 
the  lateral  flowering  branchlete  are  narrower,  often  slightly  ciliate,  and  pubescent  on 
the  midrib  beneath. 

Subsect.   LONGIFLORAE  Rchd. 

Lonicera  similis  Hemsley,  var.  Delavaj^  Rehder  n.  var. 

Lonicera  Delavayi  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  X.  301  (1896). 
Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.   1800  m.,  October 

1907  (No.  589);  July  1907  (No.  1869).    Western  Szech'uan:  Hung- 
ya  Hsien,  sandstone  boulders,  alt.  300-1200  m.,  June  and  September 

1908  (No.  936). 

Lonicera  Delavayi  differs  from  L.  similis  only  in  the  absence  of  the  pubescence, 
and  as  many  specimens  are  intermediate  between  the  two  in  the  amount  of  pu- 
bescence, it  seems  more  natural  to  treat  L.  Delavayi  only  as  a  glabrous  or  gla- 
brescent  variety  of  L.  similis. 

Lonicera  japonica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  89  (1784). 
Western  Hupeh:  around  Ichang,  common,  alt.  300-600  m..  May 
and  July  1907  (No.  1875).     Chekiang:  Ningpo,  D.  Macgregor. 

Subgen.  2.    PERICLYMENUM  L. 

Subsect.   PHENiANTHi  Rehd. 

Lonicera  subaequalis  Rehder  in  Rep.  Missouri  Bot.  Gard.  XIV.  172 
(1903). 


CAPKIFOLIACEAE.  —  LONICERA  143 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  940). 

The  fruits,  which  have  not  yet  been  described,  are  subglobose,  about  7  mm.  in 
diameter  and  red;  the  seeds  elUpsoid,  about  2  mm.  long,  whitish,  with  finely  reticu- 
late testa. 

Subsect.  EUCAPRiFOLiA  Spach. 

Lonicera  tragophylla  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  367 
(1888).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs,  I.  91,  t.  40  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  common, 
alt.  1200-1800  m.,  August  1907  (No.  346,  in  part);  Patung  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt.  1100-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  346,  in  part);  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  900-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  346,  in  part). 

Here  may  be  added  some  further  notes  on  Chinese  Loniceras,  based  on  other 
than  Wilson's  recently  collected  material. 

Lonicera  pileata  Oliver,  var.  linearis  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Folia  linearia  v.  lineari-oblonga,  obtusa,  membranacea,  palUde  viridia,  1-2.5 
cm.  longa  et  2-4  mm.  lata;  corolla  extus  fere  glabra,  modice  gibbosa;  stamina 
pauUo  exserta. 

Yunnan:  Szemeo,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  11800). 

A  very  distinct  variety,  chiefly  diSering  from  the  type  in  the  very  narrow,  mem- 
branaceous, light  green  leaves. 

Lonicera  fragrantissima  Lindley  &  Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  III.  75,  fig.  268 
(1852). 

Kwangtung:  Ningpo,  D.  Macgregor. 

If  this  specimen  has  been  really  collected  from  a  wild  plant,  as  it  appears  to 
have  been,  it  would  settle  the  question  of  its  habitat,  as  L.  fragrantissima  has  been 
known  only  as  a  cultivated  plant. 

Lonicera  montigena  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus,  circa  5  decim.  altus,  ramulis  junioribus  breviter  pubescentibus 
glandulis  et  piUs  setosis  reflexis  interspersis.  Gemmae  acutae,  5-6  mm.  longae, 
palHde  brunneae,  peruUs  2  exterioribus.  Folia  oblonga,  acuta,  basi  late  cuneata, 
supra  pilis  laxe  adpressis  obtecta,  subtus  densius  pilosa,  utrinque  insuper  minute 
pubescentia  glandulosaque,  1.5  cm.  longa  et  0.5  cm.  lata  (nondum  perfecte  evo- 
luta);  petioli  minute  pubescentes,  glandulosi,  sparse  hirsuti.  Flores  bini  in  pe- 
dunculis  brevibus  nutantibus  minute  pubescentibus  glandulosisque  e  basi  inno- 
vationum  orientibus;  bracteae  orbiculari-ovatae,  obtusae,  12  mm.  longae,  minute 
pubescentes  glandulosaeque  marginem  versus  pilis  longioribus  instructae;  bracte- 
olae  nullae;  ovaria  ovoidea,  libera,  3  mm.  alta,  calyce  cupuUformi  dimidia  ovaria 
vix  aequante  ut  apex  ovariorum  glandulis  stipitatis  et  pilis  paucis  setosis  instructo; 
corolla  infundibuliformis,  23  mm.  longa,  tubo  gracili  basi  saccato  supra  medium 
ampliato,  lobis  patentibus,  late  ovatis,  6  mm.  longis,  extus  dense  pubescens  et 
glandulosa,  intus  infra  medium  pilis  sparsis  brevibus  praedita;  stamina  paullo  infra 
medium  affixa,  filamentis  3  mm.  longis,  glabris,  antheris  quam  filamenta  paullo 
longioribus,  oblongis,  limbo  paullo  brevioribus;  stylus  glaber,  corollam  subaequans. 
Fructus  desiderantur. 

Szech'uan:  alt.  4000  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  375°,  in  part). 


144  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Allied  to  L.  hispida  Pallas,  which  differs  chiefly  in  the  larger  winter-buds,  in  the 
absence  of  the  glandular  pubescence  on  the  leaves,  bracts  and  branchlets,  in  the 
larger  corolla  only  sparingly  hairy  outside,  in  the  filaments  being  longer  than  the 
anthers  and  in  the  pilose  style.  Lonicera  nubigena  Rehder,  distributed  under  the 
same  number,  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  much  shorter  corolla,  the  tube  being 
only  1  cm.  long,  the  anthers  not  exceeding  the  mouth  and  the  style  only  half  as 
long  as  the  tube:  it  is  a  lower  and  more  densely  branched  shrub  and  more  alpine 
in  its  general  aspect  than  L.  montigena. 

Lonicera  Tatarinovii  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  IX.  138 
{Prim.  Fl.  Amur.)  (1859). 

Lonicera  leptantha  Rehder  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  VI.  274  (1909). 

Chili:  Weichang,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  82).  Shenking:  no  locality,  June 
27,  1906,  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  42).  Core  a:  Quelpaert,  Hallaisan,  alt.  1800-2000  m., 
June  and  July  1907,  U.  Faurie  (Nos.  1843,  1844). 

The  form  from  Corea  which  I  recently  described  as  L.  leptantha  cannot  be  spe- 
cifically separated  from  L.  Tatarinovii,  as  a  comparison  with  good  flowering  material 
recently  received  from  ChiU  shows;  it  is  hardly  different  enough  to  be  separated 
as  a  variety.  The  ovaries  of  the  species  are  usually  two-thirds  connate,  occasion- 
ally only  at  the  base,  and  the  bractlets  are  connate  into  a  cupula,  not  distinct,  as 
stated  in  my  Synopsis  of  the  genus. 

Lonicera  affinis  Hooker  &  Arnott,  Bot.  Voy.  Beechey,  264  (1841). 
Fokien:  without  locality,  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb.  Hongkong 
Bot.  Gard.  No.  2777). 

Lonicera  affinis,  var.  pubescens  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg 
XXIV.  37;  in  Mel.  Biol.  X.  58  (1877). 

Fokien:  without  locality,  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb.  Hongkong 
Bot.  Gard.  No.  2778). 

DIERVILLA  L. 

DiervUla  japonica  De  Canclolle,  Prodr.  IV.  330  (1830). 

D.  florihunda  Forbes  &  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  369  (not  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini)  (1888). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  900- 
2300  m.,  May,  June  and  December  1907  (No.  762);  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  900-1800  m.,  May  and  June  1907  (Nos.  2916,  2917, 

20l8\ 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  ARNOLD   ARBORETUM,  No.  4 

PLANTAE   WILSONIANAE 

AN    ENUMERATION    OF    THE    WOODY    PLANTS 

COLLECTED  IN  WESTERN  CHINA  FOR  THE 

ARNOLD    ARBORETUM    OF    HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY  DURING  THE  YEARS 

1907,   1908,  AND   1910 

BY  E.  H.  WILSON 


EDITED  BY 

CHARLES   SPRAGUE   SARGENT 
Part  II 


Issued,  April  30,  1912 


CAMBRIDGE 

THE   UNIVERSITY   PRESS 

1912 


PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE,  Part  IL    Issued  April  30,  1912 

Saxepragaceae  page 

Philadelphus  by  E.  Koehne 145 

Deutzia  by  Alfred  Rehder .  146 

Hydrangea  by  Alfred  Rehder 150 

Pilostegia  by  Alfred  Rehder 151 

Decumaria  by  Alfred  Rehder 152 

Ribes  by  Alfred  Rehder 152 

ROSACEAE 

Cotoneaster  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson   ....  154 

Pyracantha  by  E.  H.  Wilson 177 

Crataegus  by  C.  S.  Sargent 178 

Osteomeles  by  E.  H.  Wilson 184 

Photinia  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 184 

Stranvaesia  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson    ....  192 

Eriobotrya  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson     ....  193 

Amelanchier  by  E.  H.  Wilson 195 

Prunus  by  E.  Koehne 196 

Flacourtiaceae  by  E.  H.  Wilson 

Xylosma 283 

Carrieria 284 

Idesia 284 

PoliothjTsis 285 

Itoa 286 

Stachyuraceae  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Stachyurus 287 

Styracaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Styrax 289 

Alniphyllum .  294 

Pterostyrax 295 

Oleaceae 

Syringa  by  Camillo  Schneider 297 

Forsythia  by  Alfred  Rehder 302 

BiGNONiACEAE  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Campsis 303 

Amphicome 303 

Catalpa 303 

Caprifoliaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Sambucus 306 

Viburnum 309 

Leycesteria 311 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.i 

PHILADELPHUS   L.^ 

Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

To  complete  the  account  of  this  genus  pubhshed  on  p.  4-6,  the  deter- 
minations of  a  few  additional  specimens,  chiefly  from  Wilson's  journey 
during  1910,  are  here  inserted. 

Philadelphus  Magdalenae  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges. 
XIII.  83  (1904).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  369  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  uplands  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-3300 
m.,  October  1910  (No.  4334,  4387;   bush  2-4  m.). 

Philadelphus  Wilsonii  Koehne.     See  p.  4. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4297;  bush  3  m.);  uplands 
around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4384). 

Philadelphus  incanus  Koehne.     See  p.  5. 

Philadelphus  incanus,  var.  Sargentianus  Koehne  in  Fedde,  Rep. 
Nov.  Sp.  X.  126  (1911). 

Forma  hupehensis  Koehne,  I.  c. 

Western  Hupeh:  without  precise  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  833). 

Forma  kulingensis  Koehne,  1.  c.  127. 

Kiang-si:  Kuling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  23,  1007 
(No.  1669). 

Philadelphus  sericanthus  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  XLV.  561  (1896.)  — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  370,  fig.  236  p,  237  m-o  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Taning  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  June 
1910  (No.  4496;  bush  3  m.,  flowers  white). 

Philadelphus  sericanthus,  var.  Rehderianus  Koehne  in  Fedde, 
Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  X.  127  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  around  Sungpan,  upland  thickets,  alt. 
3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4325;  bush  3-4  m.) 

*  See  also  p.  4. 
145 


146  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

DEUTZIA  Thunb.i 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

After  the  publication  of  my  Synopsis  of  the  Chinese  Deutzias  (see  p.  15-25)  I 
had  the  opportunity  of  examining  the  material  of  this  genus  in  the  Herbarium  of 
the  Museum  d'  Histoire  Naturelle  at  Paris,  where  I  found  several  undescribed 
species;  and  a  further  examination  of  our  unnamed  specimens  of  the  Henry  col- 
lection resulted  in  bringing  to  hght  several  Deutzias,  three  of  which  proved  to  be 
undescribed.  The  descriptions  of  these  new  species  and  varieties  are  published 
here  as  a  supplement  to  my  Synopsis  of  this  genus. 

7.  Deutzia  pilosa  Rehder.    See  p.  18. 

Deutzia  pilosa,  var.  ochrophloeos  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  pilis  simpUcibus  v.  fasciculatis  patentibus  ramulorum  inflores- 
centiaeque  brevioribus  et  pallidioribus  flavidis,  foliis  paullo  longius  petiolatis 
densius  pubescentibus  supra  pihs  plerumque  5-radiatis  subtus  plermnque  6-radiati3, 
rarius  7-radiatis  conspersis,  corymbis  plurifloris,  dentibus  staminum  exteriorum 
antheram  non  superantibus. 

Kwei-chau:  Kwei-yang,  "mont  du  College  5,1a  cascade,"  May  18,  1898,  E. 
Bodinier  (No.  2216,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  shorter  and  paler  yellowish 
pubescence,  in  the  hairs  of  the  lower  sm-face  having  generally  6  rays  and  in  the 
larger  inflorescence.  No.  2216  is  represented  in  the  Herb.  Mus.  Paris  by  two 
specimens,  one  having  broader  ovate  leaves,  the  largest  being  6  cm.  long  and  4 
cm.  broad,  the  other  having  smaller  ovate-oblong  leaves. 

Sb.  Deutzia  cinerascens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramulis  erectis;  ramuh  hornotini  stellato-pilosi,  annotini  fusci,  glabri; 
gemmae  parvae,  stellato-pilosae.  FoUa  decidua,  crassiuscula,  ovata  v.  ovato- 
oblonga,  longe  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  denticulato-serrulata, 
3-9  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  subrugulosa,  pilis  plerum- 
que 5-,  rarius  6-radiatis  aspera,  subtus  cinereo-viridia,  elevato-reticulata,  villoso- 
tomentosa,  piUs  5-6-radiatis  radio  centraU  instructis  obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus 
6-8;  petioU  stellato-pilosi,  3-5  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentiae  corymbosae,  multi- 
florae,  pube  homomorpha  vestitae,  bracteis  purpurascentibus  institutae,  ter- 
minalis  ad  10  cm.  diam.,  sessiUs,  foliosa,  laterales  minores,  plerumque  pedunculatae 
in  apice  ramuloriun  foliorum  v.  interdum  brevissimorum  aphyllorum;  pedicelli 
1-2  nun.  longi;  flores  parvi,  albi;  calycis  tubus  ut  dentes  dense  pube  homomorpha 
vestitus,  dentes  triangulari-ovati  v.  oblongo-ovati,  acuti  v.  acuminulati,  tubum 
dimidium  paullo  superantes,  1-1.5  mm.  longi,  purpuras centes;  petala  ovato- 
oblonga,  margine  erosa,  extus  stellato-pilosa,  4  mm.  longa;  stamina  petalis  dimidio 
breviora,  erecta,  subaequilonga,  filamentis  alatis,  exterioribus  apice  bidentatia 
dentibus  quam  anthera  brevissime  stipitata  brevioribus,  interioribus  hneari- 
oblongis  antheram  circa  medium  affixam  gerentibus  et  superantibus  v.  earn  infra 
apicem  gerentibus  et  ea  paullo  brevioribus,  apice  obtusiuscula  v.  erosa  v.  obsolete 
bidentata;  styli  3,  2.5  mm.  longi,  stamina  subaequantes.    Capsula  desideratm-. 

Kwei-chau:  gorges  of  the  river  Hoa-kiang,  April  22,  1897,  E.  Bodinier  (No. 
1569,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris);  near  Hoang-ko-ch'ou  (Tchen-lin),  April  1898,  J. 
Liguin  {E.  Bodinier,  No.  1569,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

»  See  also  p.  6. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  147 

Allied  to  D.  setchiienensis  Franchet  which  differs  in  its  narrower  thinner  leaves 
rounded  or  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base,  not  rugulose  above,  greenish  and  not  reti- 
culate beneath  and  more  closely  and  less  densely  pubescent,  in  its  shorter  broadly 
triangular  and  not  purple  calyx-teeth  and  in  the  larger  flowers. 

8c.   Deutzia  Bodinieri  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  parvus  ramis  erectis  gracilibus  fuscis,  hornotinis  sparse  stellato-pilosis; 
gemmae  parvae,  pauci-perulatae,  stellato-pilosae.  FoUa  chartacea,  subpersistentia, 
ovato-oblonga  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  argute  v.  crenato- 
eerrulata  dentibus  fere  accumbentibus,  4-8  cm.  longa  et  1.8-3  cm.  lata,  subcon- 
coloria,  supra  pilis  3-5-,  plerumque  4-radiatis,  subtus  pilis  4-6-,  plerumque  5- 
radiatis  laxe  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  5  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  3-4  mm. 
longi,  sparse  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentia  corymbosa,  5-9-flore,  laxa,  pedunculo 
graciU  1.5-2  cm.  longo  insidens,  bracteis  lineari-lanceolatis  instructa,  sparse  stel- 
lato-pilosa;  pedicelli  graciles,  3-8  mm.  longi;  calycis  tubus  ut  dentes  dense  albido- 
Btellato  tomentosus,  dentes  purpuras centes,  triangulari-ovati,  acuti,  dimidium 
tubum  paullo  superantes;  petala  ovato-oblonga,  extus  stellato-tomentosa,  alba, 
5-7  mm.  longa;  stamina  petalis  triente  breviora,  subaequilonga,  exteriora  filamentis 
apice  bidentatis  dentibus  obtusis  anthera  breviter  stipitata  paullo  brevioribus, 
interiora  filamentis  lineari-oblongis  apice  obtusis  v.  irregulariter  erosis  v.  denticu- 
latis  antheram  circa  medium  affixam  gerentibus;  styli  plerumque  4,  2-3  mm. 
longi.     Capsula  matura  deest. 

Kwei-chau:    steep  river-banks,  one  day's  journey  from  Hin-y-tien,  April  11, 
1897,  E.  Bodinier  (No.  1540,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  Fargesii  Franchet  and  D.  setchuenensis  Franchet; 
the  first  differs  in  its  thicker,  chartaceous  and  denticulate  leaves,  nearly  glabrous 
above  and  furnished  beneath  with  hairs  having  6-7  rays  and  in  the  much  larger 
and  looser  inflorescence,  while  D.  setchuenensis  is  distinguished  by  the  denser  pubes- 
cence, the  denticulate  leaves  bearing  on  the  lower  surface  hairs  with  usually  6  rays 
and  a  central  ray,  and  by  the  larger  inflorescence;  D.  setchuenensis  var.  longidentata 
Rehder,  which  resembles  D.  Bodinieri  in  the  serration  and  pubescence  of  the  leaves 
except  that  the  hairs  beneath  have  sometimes  7  or  8  rays,  differs  further  in  the 
elongated  teeth  of  the  filaments. 

8d.  Deutzia  lancifolia  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramis  erectis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  laxe  stellato-pilosi,  annotini 
glabrescentes  fusco-castanei  cortice  detersiU;  gemmae  parvae,  stellato-pilosae. 
Foha  chartacea,  subpersistentia,  anguste  lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata, 
serrulato-denticulata,  3-6  cm.  longa  et  0.5-1  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  luteo-viridia, 
sparse  pilis  plerumque  4-radiatis  conspersa,  subtus  pallidiora,  pilis  plerumque  5- 
radiatis,  interdum  4-,  rarius  6-radiatis  conspersa,  utrinsecus  nervis  4-5  subtus  vix 
elevatis;  petioU  1-2  mm.  longi,  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentia  corymbosa,  3-5-flora, 
pedunculo  graciU  1.5-3  cm.  longo  insidens,  stellato-pilosa;  pedicelli  graciles,  4-8 
mm.  longi;  calyx  extus  stellato-pilosus  dentibus  triangularibus  dimidium  tubmn 
Bubaequantibus;  petala  ovato-oblonga,  extus  stellato-pilosa,  alba,  margine  erosa, 
8-10  mm.  longa;  stamina  petalis  triente  breviora,  exteriora  filamentis  apice  biden- 
tatis dentibus  elongatis  antheram  brevissime  stipitatam  subaequantibus,  interiora 
filamentis  lineari-oblongis,  apice  obsolete  incisis  v.  erosis  antheram  breviter  stipi- 
tatam circa  medium  gerentibus;  styU  3,  2  mm.  longi.  Capsula  matura  desideratur. 
Kwei-chau:  around  Kwei-yang,  "mont  du  College,"  end  of  April  1S98,  J. 
Chaffanjan  {E.  Bodinier,  No.  2223,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

Easily  distinguished  from  the  alUed  species  by  the  very  narrow  leaves;  its 
nearest  relation  is  apparently  with  D.  setchuenensis,  var.  longidentata  Rehder,  which 
differs  in  its  broader  membraneous  leaves  with  the  stellate  haira  beneath  having 


148  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

usually  6  rays  and  in  the  longer  teeth  of  the  filaments.  Deutzia  Fargesii  Franchet 
is  easily  distinguished  by  the  broader  less  finely  serrate  leaves  with  the  stellate 
hairs  beneath  having  generally  6  to  7  rays  and  by  the  many-flowered  inflorescence. 

106.   Deutzia  crassifolia  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  ramis  ut  videtur  erectis;  ramuli  hornotini  sparse  stellato-pilosi, 
annotini  glabri  v.  glabrescentes,  purpureo-fusci,  epidermate  lameUis  tenuibus 
decorticante;  gemmae  parvae,  perulis  pluribus  ovatis  mucronato-acuminatis 
stellato-pilosis.  Folia  breviter  petiolata,  coriacea,  persistentia,  ovata  v.  oblongo- 
ovata,  rarius  oblongo-lanceolata,  longe  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata, 
denticulato-serrulata  v.  denticulata,  demum  margine  revoluto,  3.5-5  cm.  longa 
et  1-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  rugosa  et  pilis  4-5-radiatis  conspersa,  sub- 
tus  palUdiora  pilis  5-6-,  rarius  7-radiatis  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-6  supra 
impressis  subtus  elevatis;'  petioU  1-3  mm.  longi,  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescen- 
tiae  corymbosae  compactae,  plerumque  9-florae,  terminales  et  axillares,  dense 
steUato-pilosae,  breviter  pedunculatae  et  ramulis  brevibus  foliosis  v.  brevissimis 
foliis  bracteiformibus  tantum  institutis  insidentes;  calyx  extus  stellato-pilosus, 
dentibus  triangularibus  1.5  cm.  longis  tubum  dimidium  vix  aequantibus;  petala 
ovali-ovata,  apice  cucullata,  6  mm.  longa,  alba,  extus  stellato-pilosa;  stamina 
subaequilonga  petalis  pauUo  breviora,  filamentis  late  alatis,  exterioribus  apice 
bidentatis  dentibus  antheram  breviter  stipitatam  aequantibus  v.  paullo  superanti- 
bus,  interioribus  lineari-oblongis  antheram  breviter  stipitatam  circa  medium 
affixam  gerentibus;  styli  3,  staminibus  breviora,  2.5  mm.  longa.  Capsula  matura 
desideratur. 

Yunnan:   Mengtze,  north  mts.,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10978,  m  Herb. 
Arnold  Arboretum). 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  coriacea  Rehder,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  it3 
spinosely  dentate  leaves  glabrous  and  smooth  above  and  borne  on  longer  petioles. 

Deutzia  crassifolia,  var.  humilis  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis  angustioribus  minoribus,  inflorescentiis  pauci- 
floris  filamentis  angustioribus.  Frutex  humilis  ramis  divaricatis  brevibus ;  ramuli 
annotini  castaneo-brunnei.  Folia  coriacea,  persistentia,  oblongo-lanceolata  v. 
oblonga,  longe  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  2.5-4.5  cm.  longa  et  0.6-1.3  cm.  lata, 
remote  denticulato-serrulata,  margine  revoluto,  luteo-viridia,  subconcoloria,  supra 
pihs  4-5-radiatis  sparsis  immersis  conspersa,  subtus  pilis  5-7-,  plerumque  6-radiati3 
laxe  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  5  supra  impressis  subtus  obsoletis;  petioli 
2  mm.  longi,  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentiae  axillares  et  terminales,  1-5-florae, 
stellato-pilosae,  pedunculo  pedicellisque  brevissimis;  calyx  dense  stellato-pilosus, 
dentibus  late  triangularibus  dimidio  tubo  paullo  v.  vix  brevioribus;  petala  oblonga, 
6  mm.  longa,  alba;  stamina  petalis  triente  breviora,  filamentis  exterioribus  apice 
bidentatis  dentibus  lanceolatis  antheram  breviter  stipitatam  superantibus,  interiori- 
bus anguste  lanceolatis  interdum  apice  bifidis  antheram  circa  medium  affixam 
gerentibus;  styli  3,  3  mm.  longi. 

Yunnan:    Muang-Ii,  March  15,  1895,  Prince  Henri  d' Orleans  (in  Herb.  Mus. 
Paris). 

A  low  divaricately  branched  slirub  smaller  in  every  part  than  the  type. 

116,   Deutzia  Henryi  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  divaricatus  fere  bimetralis;  ramuli  hornotini  stellato-pilosi,  fusco-brun- 
nei.  Folia  chartacea  subpersistentia(?),  elliptico-ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata, 
basi  rotundata,  denticulato-serrat a  dentibus  angustis  callosis,  4-9  cm.  longa  et  2-4.5 
cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  pilis  4-5-radiatis  sparsis  conspersa,  subtus  palHde 
viridia,  pilis  5-6-radiatis  laxe  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-6  subtus  elevatis;  petioli 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DEUTZIA  149 

2-4  mm.  longi,  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentia  corymbosa,  pluriflora,  stollato-pilosa, 
breviter  pedunculata;  calyx  ut  pcdicelli  breves  extus  dense  stellato-pilosus  dentibus 
late  triangularibus  dimidium  tubum  subaequantibus;  petala  late  oblonga,  6-7  mm. 
longa,  alba,  extus  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  petalis  triente  v.  fere  dimidio  breviora, 
filamentis  exterioribus  apice  bidentatis  dentibus  elongatis  acutiusculis  antheram 
breviter  stipitatam  subaequantibus  v.  paullo  superantibus,  interioribus  lanceolatis 
antheram  circa  medium  affixam  gerentibus;  styli  3,  staminibus  paullo  breviores, 
3  mm.  longi.    Capsula  matura  desideratur. 

Yunnan:  Szemao,  mountain  forests,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10786,  in 
Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum.) 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  Fargesii  Franchet,  which  differs  in  its  narrower  and 
smaller  leaves  glabrous  above  and  with  the  hairs  beneath  having  6-7  rays  and  in 
the  much  larger  and  looser  inflorescence.  The  inflorescence  of  D.  Henryi  is  borne  on 
short  branclilets  with  undeveloped  leaves  springing  from  the  end  of  shoots  with 
mature  leaves,  rarely  axillary;  this  would  tend  to  show  that  the  foliage  is  persistent 
and  that  the  flowers  appear  very  early  in  spring,  but  the  whole  appearance  of  foliage 
and  inflorescence  suggests  more  a  case  of  abnormal  autumnal  flowermg. 

196.   Deutzia  aspera  Rehdfer,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramis  robustis  erectis;  ramuli  hornotini  annotinique  verrucis  in  apice 
pilos  stellatos  gerentibus  dense  obsiti  ideoque  asperi;  gemmae  perulis  lanceolatis 
acuminatis  parce  stellato-pilosis  v.  exterioribus  fere  glabris.  Folia  decidua,  ovato- 
oblonga  v.  elliptico-ovata,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  rarius  rotundata,  argute 
eerrulata,  3-5  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  venis  venulisque 
impressis  et  pilis  sparsis  4-6-radiatis  conspersa,  subtus  viridia,  sparsissime  pilis 
8-10-radiatis  et  papillis  crebris  praedita,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-6  subtus  elevatis; 
petioli  cLrciter  5  mm.  longi,  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentia  corymbosa,  convexa, 
multiflora,  dense  verrucosa  ut  ramuli,  in  apice  ramulorum  elongatorum  sessilis; 
flores  desunt.  Capsula  pedicello  5-8  mm.  longo  circa  medium  bracteas  lineari- 
lanceolatas  gerenti  insidens,  subglobosa,  pilis  stellatis  minutis  obtecta,  circiter  5 
mm.  diam.,  calyce  stylisque  persistentibus  coronata;  calycis  dentes  lanceolatae, 
acuminatae,  2.5  mm.  longae;   styU  plerumque  4,  rarius  3,  circiter  3  mm.  longi. 

Yunnan:  south  of  Red  River  from  Manmei,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9475,  in 
Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  discolor  Hemsley,  but  easily  distinguished  from  that 
species  and  its  allies  by  the  leaves  being  only  sparingly  furnished  with  stellate 
hairs  beneath  and  therefore  green,  and  by  the  rough  branchlets.  In  its  sparingly 
pubescent  leaves  it  resembles  D.  purpurascens  (Franchet)  Rehder,  which  differs 
in  its  steUate  hairs  having  only  5  to  7  rays. 

22  b.  Deutzia  calycosa  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  erectus  ramis  satis  robustis;  ramuli  hornotini  initio  sparse  stellato-pilosi, 
mox  glabrescentes,  purpureo-brunnei,  annotini  epidermate  lamellis  tenuibus 
decorticante;  gemmae  perulis  ovato-lanceolatis  acuminatis  stellato-pilosis.  Folia 
decidua,  ovato-oblonga  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late 
cuneata,  argute  serrulata,  4-7  cm.  longa  et  1.2-2.5  cm.  lata,  v.  interdum  10:4, 
supra  obscure  viridia,  satis  dense  pilis  4-6-radiatis  plurimis  radio  centrali  instructis 
conspersa,  subtus  cinereo-viridia  v.  cinerascentia  ob  pilos  6-10-radiatos  radio 
centrali  elongato  instructos  molliter  pubescentia,  ner\'is  utrinsecus  5-6  supra  im- 
pressis subtus  elevatis;  petioli  3-5  mm.  longi,  laxe  stellato-pilosi.  Inflorescentia 
cormybosa,  convexa  et  fere  paniculiformis,  multiflora,  sparse  stellato-pilosa,  in 
apice  ramulorum  sessilis;  pedicelli  plerumque  graciles,  ad  1.5  mm.  longi,  sursum 
densius  stellato-pilosi;  calyx  extus  dense  pube  manifesto  heteromorpha  vestitus, 
dentibus  lineari-lanceolatis  5-7  mm.  longis  tubum  duplo  superantibus  purpurascen- 


150  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

tibus;  petala  ovali-oblonga,  in  aestivatione  valvata,  10-15  mm.  longa,  alba  extus 
purpuras centia  v.  lilacina,  extus  stellato-pilosa;  stamina  petalis  dimidio  breviora, 
filamentis  late  alatis,  exterioribus  apice  bidentatis  dentibus  obtusis  antheram 
breviter  stipitatam  non  superantibus,  interioribus  paullo  brevioribus  lineari- 
oblongis  antheram  breviter  stipitatam  infra  apicem  affixam  gerentibus  et  ea  paullo 
brevioribus  v.  interdum  antheram  circa  medium  affixam  gerentibus  et  earn  superanti- 
bus; styU  3-4,  stamina  subaequantes,  6-8  mm.  longi.    Capsula  matura  desideratur. 

Yunnan:  Mt.  "Pi-ion-se,"  above  Ta-pin-tze,  near  Ta-li,  June  11,  1883,  J.  M. 
Delavay;  Fang-yang-chang,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  7,  1888,  J.  M.  Delavay  (No.  3543); 
woods  above  Che-tong,  above  Ta-pin-tze,  May  18,  1886,  J.  M.  Delavay  (all  in 
Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

Most  nearly  related  to  D.  longifolia  Franchet,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by 
the  close  whitish  tomentum  of  the  under  side  of  the  narrower  leaves,  the  usually 
close  whitish  tomentum  of  the  calyx,  and  the  shorter  calyx-lobes.  In  the  pubes- 
cence of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  it  resembles  D.  glomeruliflora  Franchet,  but  in 
that  species  the  hairs  of  the  under  side  have  only  4  to  5  rays,  the  leaves  are  smaller 
and  narrower  and  the  flowers  white  and  the  calyx-lobes  shorter.  By  Franchet 
the  specimens  quoted  above  had  been  referred  to  his  D.  longifolia,  while  I  had  taken 
the  specimen  from  Fang-yang-chang,  of  which  I  had  received  some  fragments  from 
Paris  as  typical  D.  longifolia,  for  D.  glomeruliflora. 

316.   Deutzia  sessilifolia  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  XVIII.  227  (1911). 
Hupeh:  "  Monte  Si-ho,"  July  1909  C.Silvestn,  (Nos.  3001,  3001*  ex  Pampanini). 
This  species,  of  which  I  have  seen  no  specimen,  seems  most  closely  related  to 
D.  glabrata  Komarov,  but  it  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  sessile  or  connate  leaves. 

With  the  species  enumerated  and  described  above  the  total  number  of  species 
of  the  genus  Deutzia  occurring  in  China  reaches  41.  Besides  these  6  others  occur 
in  eastern  Asia  and  in  the  Himalayas,  which  are  all  mentioned  in  my  Synopsis 
except  D.  uniflora  Shirai  (in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XII.  110,  t.  5  (1898))  which  seems  most 
nearly  related  to  D.  grandiflora  Bunge,  but  differs  in  its  one-flowered  lateral  in- 
florescence with  only  small  or  without  any  leaves  at  the  base;  by  the  latter  character 
it  approaches  D.  coreana  Leveille,  but  that  species  is  easily  distinguished  by  the 
ovoid  calyx-tube  with  short  triangular  lobes,  the  very  short  pedicels  not  exceeding 
the  bud-scales  and  by  the  hairs  of  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  having  generally 
5  rays. 

One  more  species  forming  the  section  Neodeutzia  occurs  in  Mexico;  this  is 
D.  mexicana  Hemsley  including  D.  mexicana,  var.  Pringlei  Schneider  originally  pro- 
posed as  a  distinct  species  by  the  same  author.  The  whole  genus,  therefore,  con- 
tains at  present  48  species. 

HYDRANGEA  L.^ 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  Wilsonii  Rehder.    See  p.  27. 

The  paragraph  under  H.  xanthoneura,  var.  glabrescens  Rehder  containing  the 
Nos.  1183,  1327,  1347,  2398  and  10235  has  been  misplaced;  it  belongs  under 
H.  xanthoneura,  var.  Wilsonii,  and  should  constitute  the  fourth  paragraph  under 
this  variety. 

1  See  also  p.  25-41. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  DECUMARIA  151 

Hydrangea  Rosthomii  Diels.    See  p.  33. 
Hydrangea  Maximowiczii  L6veill(S  in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bot.  XII.  114 
(1903). 

Kwei-chau:  "environs  de  Gan-pin,  aux  Grandes  rocailles,"  August 

II,  1897,  L.  Martin  {E.  Bodinier,  No.  1654,  in  Herb.  Mus.  Paris). 

Last  summer  I  had  the  opportunity  of  seeing  in  Paris  the  type  number  of  L^veilld's 
H.  Maximowiczii  and  found  that  it  can  not  be  separated  specifically  from  H.  Rost- 
homii.   This  extends  the  range  of  the  species  into  Kwei-chau. 

To  my  Synopsis  of  the  Chinese  species  (p.  34-41)  the  following  species  must 
now  be  added: 

126.   Hydrangea  heteromalla  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Ft.  Nepal.  211  (1824).  —  Schneider, 

III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  389,  fig.  247  m,  270  f  (1906). 

Hydrangea  vestita  Wallich,  Tent.  Ft.  Nepal,  t.  49  (excl.  fig.    5-8)  (1826).  — 

Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  405  (1878). 
Hydrangea  pubescens  Decaisne  in  Fl.  des  Serres,  IV.  t.  378-379  (non  Maximo- 

wicz)  (1848). 

Hydrangea  heteromalla,  var.  mollis  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  praecipue  recedit  ramulis  junioribus,  petiolis,  inflorescentia  dense  et 
breviter  albo-villosis,  foliis  supra  sparse  minuteque  pubescentibus,  subtus  pube 
moUiore  et  densiore  obtectis,  denticulato-serrulatis,  vix  fimbriato-denticulatis. 

Yunnan:  at  the  foot  of  Tsang-shan,  above  Ta-U,  alt.  2500  m.,  J.  M.  Delavay 
(No.  1148,  fruiting  specimen);  same  locality,  June  26,  1886,  J.  M.  Delavay  (in  Herb. 
Mus.  Paris). 

The  discovery  of  a  variety  of  H.  heteromalla  in  Yunnan  adds  another  species  of 
Hydrangea  to  the  Chinese  flora  and  brings  their  number,  according  to  the  enumer- 
ation in  my  Synopsis  (p.  34-41)  up  to  29,  if  H.  Kamienskii  and  H.  Arbostiana  of 
L^veilM  are  included. 


PH^OSTEGIA  Hook.  f.  &  Thorns. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Pilostegia  vibumoides  Hooker  f,  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
II.  76,  t.  2  (1858).  —  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
s6r.  7,  X.  No.  XVI.  18  (1867).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II. 
405  (1878).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  275  (1887).  —  Diels 
in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  376  (1900). 

Western  Szech'u an:  Ya-chou  Fu,  alt.  600-1000  m.,  August  and 
November  1908  (No.  1385;  climber  3-7  m.,  over  trees  and  cliffs, 
flowers  white);  Kin-shan,  July  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  11). 
Also  Hupeh,  Kiangsi,  Kwang-tung,  Formosa,  Luchu  Archipelago  (ex 
Hemsley). 


152  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

DECUMARIA  L. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Decumaria  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII.  t.  1741  (1888).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  377  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  cliffs,  etc.,  alt.  1000- 
1200  m..  May  and  November  1907  (No.  473  in  part;  climber  l-3m., 
flowers  white  with  unpleasant  odor);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1300  m., 
June  1910  (No.  473  in  part);  South  Wushan,  May  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  337);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (No.  5219^  5219^). 

RIBES  L.i 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

The  following  enumeration  contains  the  specimens  collected  during  1910;  all  of 
them  can  be  identified  with  those  of  the  earlier  collection  determined  by  E. 
Janczewski. 

Ribes  himalayense  Decaisne,  7  glandulosiim  Janczewski.  See 
p.  44. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2700-3000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4166;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  orange);  Mupin,  alt. 
2700-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4226;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  black). 

Ribes  himalayense,  a  urceolatiim  Janczewski.    See  p.  44. 
Western   Hupeh:     Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
September  1910  (No.  4414;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  black). 

Ribes  Meyeri  Maximowicz,  a  tanguticum  Janczewski.     See  p.  44. 
Western  Szech'uan:    Tachien-lu:    upland  thickets,   alt.    3300- 
4000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4126;  bush  3^  m.,  fruits  black). 

Ribes  moupinense  Franchet,  a  laxiflorum  Janczewski.    See  p.  44. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4212;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  black);  Lungan  Fu,  Tu-ti-Hang 
Mts.,  alt.  2600-2800  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4501;  bush  2  m.,  fruits 
black);  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4502; 
bush  2  m.,  fruits  black). 

Ribes  Vilmorinii  Janczewski.     See  p.  45. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu,  Tu-ti-Hang  Mts.,  thickets,  alt. 
2300-2700  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4503;  bush  1.30-2  m.,  fruits  black). 

1  See  also  p.  44. 


SAXIFRAGACEAE.  —  RIBES  153 

Ribes  humile  Janczewski.    See  p.  45. 

Western  Szech'uan:  uplands  around  Sungpan,  alt.  3700-4300 
m.,  August  1910  (No.  4504:  bush  1-1.50  m.,  fruits  black). 

I  refer  this  black-fruited  specimen  not  without  hesitation  to  R.  humile;  in  the 
type-specimen  the  fruits  are  described  as  orange  on  the  label,  but  the  specimen 
was  collected  in  June  and  the  fruits  are  apparently  immature.  In  size,  shape, 
serration  and  the  perfect  glabrousness  of  the  leaves  and  in  the  usually  solitary  very 
short-stalked  fruits  No.  4504  agrees  exactly  with  the  type  specimen  of  R.  humile. 
Possibly  R.  humile  is  only  a  variety  of  R.  Vilmorinii. 

Ribes  tenue  Janczewski.     See  p.  45. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2700-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4033;  bush  2-2.5  m.,  fruits 
red). 

Ribes  luridum  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson.     See  p.  46. 
Kiangsi:  Ruling,  rocks,  not  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  August  1, 1907 
(No.  1689;  bush  1.30  m). 

Ribes  Maximowiczii  Batalin.     See  p.  46. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  Oc- 
tober 1910  (No.  4229;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  orange,  very  glandular); 
Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  September  1910  (No. 
4413;   bush  2-3  m.,  fruits  red). 


ROSACEAE.^ 

COTONEASTER  Med. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Sectl.  ORTHOPETALUM  Koehne. 

Cotoneaster  disticha  Lange  in  BoL  Tidsskr.  XIII.  19  (1882).  — 
Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I.  744,  fig.  418  c-f,  419  a-b  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  rotundifolia  Baker  in  Refug.  Bot.  I.  t.  54  (non  Wallich)  (1869). — 
Hemsley  in   Bot.  Mag.  CXXXI.  t.  8010  (pro  parte,  ram.  fructiferus  tan- 
tum)  (1905). 
The  type  of  this  species  has  not  been  reported  from  China. 

Cotoneaster  disticha,  var.  tongolensis  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauh- 
holzk. I.  745,  fig.  419  d  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan;  uplands  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000 
m.,  June  1908  (No.  2186;  decumbent  bush,  1  m.  tall). 

Our  specimen  is  from  the  same  region  as  the  one  described  by  Schneider,  and 
agrees  well  with  his  description,  but  is  rather  less  hairy.  Schneider  expresses  doubt 
whether  his  specimen  should  be  regarded  as  a  variety  of  Cotoneaster  disticha  or  of 
Cotoneaster  Simonsii  Baker.  Our  specimen  is  certainly  not  referable  to  Cotoneaster 
Simonsii  and  shows  a  closer  relation  to  Cotoneaster  disticha. 

Cotoneaster  horizontalis  Decaisne  in  Fl.  des  Serres,  XXII.  168 
(1877).  — Andr6  in  Rev.  Hort.  1885,  136,  fig.  25-26;  1889,  348,  fig. 
89-90.  t.  —  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I.  744,  fig.  418  g-i,  419  e 
(1906). 

Cotoneaster  acuminata,  var.  prostrata  Dippel,  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  III.  414  (non 

Hooker  f.)  (1893). 
Cotoneaster   Davidiana,  Hort.  ex   Kew  Hand-list   Trees  and  Shrubs   I.  213 

(synon.)  (1894). 
Cotoneaster  microphylla  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  386  (pro  parte,  non  WalUch) 

(1901). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  2300  m.,  November  1907 
(No.  227;  prostrate  over  rocks,  fruit  red);    Western  Szech'uan: 

*  See  also  p.  47. 
154 


ROSACE  AE .  —  COTONE  ASTER  1 55 

Niu-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2600  m.,  June  1908,  (No.  227, 
in  part;  prostrate  over  rocks,  flowers  pinkish);  Wei-kuan,  Yu-li-pa 
A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2549). 

This  species  is  common  in  western  Szech'uan,  but  rare  in  Hupeh.  It  was  prob- 
ably from  the  district  of  Mupin  in  western  Szech'uan  that  David  sent  the  seeds 
from  which  the  plants  on  which  the  species  was  based  were  raised. 

Cotoneaster  horizontalis  Decaisne,  var.  perpusilla  Schneider,  III. 
Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I.  745,  fig.  419  e^  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  microphylla  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  261  (non  Wallich) 
(1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  386  (pro  parte,  non  Wallich) 
(1901).  —  Pampanmi  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  288  (non 
Wallich)  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  bare,  rocky  ground, 
alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  and  October  1907  (No.  496;  prostrate,  fruit 
red);  Chang-yang,  alt.  1500  m..  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  564); 
without  locality,  A. //enr?/  (No.  2858).  Szech'uan:  without  locality, 
A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  303). 

This  small-leaved  form  of  C.  horizontalis  is  the  common  Cotoneaster  of  the  moor- 
lands in  western  Hupeh,  being  abundant  in  open  rocky  ground.  It  is  probably 
merely  a  climatic  form  of  the  type,  since  the  seedling  plants  under  cultivation 
have  the  larger  leaves  of  the  type. 

With  its  small  leaves  this  variety  bears  some  superficial  resemblance  to  C.  mi- 
crophylla Walhch,  and  has  been  confused  with  this  species  by  several  botanists. 
The  true  C.  micropyhlla  which  belongs  to  the  sect.  Chaenopetalum  is  readily  distin- 
guished by  the  spreading  white  petals  of  its  flowers  and  the  thick  coriaceous  leaves 
glaucous  and  usually  whitish-tomentose  on  their  lower  surface. 

Cotoneaster  adpressaBois  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  116, 
fig.  (1904);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  226  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  horizontalis,  var.  adpressa  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I. 
744,  figs.  418  k-m,  419  e'  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  rocky  places  in  alpine  regions, 
alt.  2800-3230  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  2187;  fruits  bright 
red);  Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  2800-3500  m.,  October  1910,  (No.  4136; 
prostrate  over  rocks,  fruit  red). 

Cotoneaster  adpressa  is  undoubtedly  closely  related  to  C.  horizontalis  Decaisne, 
but  seems  to  differ  sufficiently  to  be  considered  specifically  distinct.  The  chief 
differences  are  the  nearly  glabrous  thinner  leaves  usually  somewhat  wavy  on  the 
margin,  the  larger  subglobose  fruits  ripening  several  weeks  earlier  than  those  of 
C.  horizontalis,  and  the  habit,  the  creeping  and  often  rooting  stems  being  irregularly 
branched  with  often  tortuous  or  flagellate  branchlets  forming  a  dense  carpet  closely 
appressed  to  the  ground,  while  in  C.  horizontalis  the  stems  are  horizontally  spreading 
or  procumbent  with  the  straight  spreading  branchlets  regularly  distichous. 


156  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Cotoneaster  apiculata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5-2  m.  altus,  ramis  robustis  divaricatis;  ramuli  juniores 
flavo-cinereo-strigillosi,  annotini  sparse  pubescentes,  vetustiores  cinereo- 
purpurei;  gemmae  flavo-cinereo-pubescentes.  Folia  decidua,  orbicu- 
laria  v.  orbiculari-ovata,  rarius  late  obovata,  apiculata,  rarissime 
emarginata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotundata,  4-12  (plerumque  6-9) 
mm.  longa  et  4-9  mm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra,  nitidula,  subtus 
vix  pallidiora,  initio  parce  praesertim  ad  costam  venasque  strigoso- 
pilosa,  demum  fere  glabra,  utrinque  nervis  circiter  2  ut  costa  supra 
impressis  subtus  leviter  elevatis;  petioli  1-2  mm.  longi,  glabri,  pur- 
purescentes;  stipulae  membranaceae,lineari-lanceolatae,  3  mm.  longae. 
Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  solitarius,  fere  sessilis,  erectus,  globosus,  7-8  mm. 
diam.,  coceineus;  pyrenae  3  (semper?),  5  mm.  longae,  triangulari-obo- 
vatae,  dorso  medio  sulcatae,  ventre  nitentes  carinatae,  styli  rudi- 
mentum  prope  basin  hypostylii  gerentes,  hypostylio  circiter  quartam 
partem  pyrenae  occupante  glabro  nitido. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  upland 
thickets,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4311). 

Allied  to  Cotoneaster  disticha  Lange,  which  is  readily  distinguished  by  its  ciliate 
leaves,  dull  and  hairy  above,  longer  peduncles,  ovoid  fruit,  and  by  the  very  regular 
distichous  ramification  of  the  stems.  Our  specimens  bear  ripe  fruit,  but  are  so  dis- 
tinct in  appearance  that  we  do  not  hesitate  in  describing  it  as  a  new  species.  The 
plant  is  in  cultivation  and  when  it  flowers  there  may  be  other  differences  of  note. 

Cotoneaster  nitens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.5-1.25  m.  altus  dense  ramosus  ramis  divaricatis  depen- 
dentibus;  ramuli  juniores  pihs  cinereo-flavescentibus  strigillosis  obsiti, 
basin  versus  glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri,  sub  peridermate  cinereo 
secedente  fusci;  gemmae  acutiusculae,  pubescentes.  Folia  decidua, 
late  ovalia  v.  orbiculari-ovata,  obtusa,  rarius  acutiuscula  v.  emarginata 
v.  mucronata,  basi  rotundata,  v.  rarius  late  cuneata,  7-16,  plerumque 
10-12  mm.  longa  et  7-14,  plerumque  9-11  mm.  lata,  laete  viridia,  con- 
coloria,  supra  nitentia,  glabra,  subtus  initio  sparse  praesertim  ad  costam 
accumbenti-pilosa,  demum  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  utrinsecus  nervis 
3-4  ut  costa  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  obsoletis;  petioli  sparse 
pilosuli  V.  glabri,  2-3  mm.  longi;  stipulae  subulatae,  membranaceae, 
circiter  2  mm.  longae.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  soUtarii  v.  bini,  pen- 
duli,  pedicellis  glabris  2-4  mm.  longis  ramulos  brevissimos  laterales 
terminantibus  insidentes,  nigro-rubri,  nitentes,  glabri,  subglobosi  v. 
late  ovoidei,  7-8  mm.  longi,  5-6  mm.  diam.,  apice  truncato,  calyce 
aperto;  pyrenae  2,  ovoideae,  5  mm.  longae,  3.5  mm.  latae,  ventre 


ROSACE  AE.  —  COTONE  ASTER  157 

stylum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  irregulariter  leviter  sulcatae, 
fuscescentes,  hypostylio  tertiam  partem  v.  ultra  dorsi  occupante, 
nitido,  glabro,  flavescenti-brunneo. 

Western  Szech'u an:  Min  Valley,  near  Sungpan  Ting,  alt.  2300- 
3000  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4021). 

This  species  is  characterized  by  its  broadly  oval  to  suborbicular  leaves,  shining 
green  and  glabrous  above  and  nearly  so  beneath,  and  by  its  nearly  black  fruits. 
It  is  most  closely  allied  to  C.  divaricata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  which  has  bright-red  differ- 
ently shaped  and  nearly  sessile  fruits,  different  foUage  and  habit. 

Cotoneaster  divaricata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2  m.  altus,  laxe  ramosus;  ramuli  graciles,  reflexi,  hornotini 
cinereo-strigillosi,  annotini  glabrescentes,  vetustiores  fusco-rubri, 
lamellis  cinereis  opacis  decorticantes;  gemmae  acutae,  strigilloso- 
pubescentes.  Folia  decidua,  ovalia,  interdum  late  ovalia,  rarius  obo- 
vata,  acuta  v.  obtusa,  rarius  rotundata,  mucronata,  basi  late  cuneata, 
8-20  mm.  longa,  5-8  mm.  lata,  utrinque  initio  parce  strigilloso-pilosa, 
supra  mox  glabra,  laete  viridia  et  nitida,  subtus  pallidiora  demum  ad 
nervos  tantum  sparse  pilosa,  utrinsecus  nervis  3-1  ut  costa  supra  im- 
pressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  1-2  mm.  longi,  strigilloso-pubescentes; 
stipulae  membranaceae,  lineari-lanceolatae,  rubescentes,  3-4  mm. 
longae.  Racemi  plerumque  3-flori,  rarius  uniflori,  ramulos  laterales 
brevissimos  pauci-foliatos  terminantes,  bracteis  bracteolisque  mem- 
branaceis  lanceolatis  deciduis  2-3  mm.  longis  instituti;  pedicelli  1-2 
mm.  longi,  ut  calyx  parce  flavido-strigillosi ;  calycis  dentes  triangulares 
acuti,  1.5-2  mm.  longi  et  1.5  mm.  lati,  margine  pilosi;  petala  late 
obovata,  apice  rotundata,  basi  breviter  unguiculata,  3^  mm.  longa, 
2-3  mm.  lata,  concava,  rosea,  caduca;  stamina  12-15,  petalis  breviora, 
glabra,  persistentia;  carpidia  2,  apice  pilosa.  Fructus  ruber,  ovoideus, 
7-9  mm.  longus,  5-7  mm.  diam.,  sepalis  plus  minus  erectis  persisten- 
tibus  coronatus  et  saepe  infra  sepala  leviter  constrictus;  pyrenae  2, 
ovoideae,  4-5  mm.  longae  et  3^  mm.  latae,  ventre  planae  laeves, 
nitidae,  brunneae,  styli  rudimentum  ad  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  con- 
vexo  obsolete  rugulosae,  irregulariter  leviterque  pluri-sulcatae,  hypos- 
tylio quartam  partem  dorsi  occupante  sparse  villosulo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1650-2000  m., 
June  and  September  1907  (No.  232,  type);  south  Wushan,  alt.  1650- 
2000  m.,  September  1907  (No.  iss'');  Chien-si  Hsien,  June  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  877).  Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m..  May  1908  (No.  2167,  bush  2  m.  tall, 
flowers  pinkish);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5701). 


cuA^^l^fty^^ 


158  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Tliis  species  is  most  nearly  related  to  C  Simonsii  Baker,  from  which  it  is  readily 
distinguished  by  its  smaller  leaves,  constantly  fewer  flowered  racemes,  less  acu- 
minate sepals,  and  by  its  ovoid  darker  red  fruits;  in  habit  and  general  appearance 
the  two  species  are  very  distinct.  It  seems  also  related  to  C.  mucronata  Franchet 
from  Yunnan,  which  differs  chiefly  in  the  lax  2-4-flowered  racemes  and  more 
densely  hairy  leaves.  No.  2167  from  Szech'uan  has  the  leaves,  particularly  those 
of  the  shoots,  somewhat  larger  than  the  type  and  often  shortly  acuminate. 

Cotoneaster  acutifolia  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  V.  190 
(1832).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  750,  fig.  421  a  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  pekinensis  Koehne  in  Deutsche  Dendr.  225  (1893). 
Cotoneaster  pekinensis  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsche  Dendr.  Ges.  VII.  37  (1898). 

Originally  described  from  Chinese  Mongolia,  this  plant  was  introduced  from 
the  mountains  near  Peking  by  Dr.  Bretschneider  into  the  Arnold  Arboretum  in 
1883.  The  typical  form  is  absent  from  central  and  western  China.  This  species 
is  not  to  be  confounded  with  C.  acutifolia  Lindley  which  is  C.  lucida  Schlechtendal,  a 
species  from  the  Altai  mountains  not  yet  reported  from  China. 

Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  villosnla  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Cotoneaster  acuminata  Pritzel  in   Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  385    (pro  parte,  non 
Lmdley)  (1900). 

Frutex  2-4-metralis  ramis  divaricatis;  ramuli  hornotini  flavido- 
villoso-strigillosi,  annotini  glabrescentes  v.  glabri,  fusco-purpurei; 
gemmae  tomento  flavido-cinereo  obtectae.  Folia  decidua,  ovata  v. 
oblongo-ovata,  acuta  v.  acuminata,  basi  rotundata,  rarius  late  cuneata, 
3-6  cm.  longa  et  1.5-4  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  initio  sparse 
villoso-pilosa,  demum  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  subtus  laxe  v.  interdum 
densius  subaccumbenti-villosa  praesertim  ad  venas,  utrinsecus  nervis 
4-6  ut  costa  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  villosi, 
3-5  mm.  longi.  Racemi  laxi,  3-5-flori,  bracteis  bracteolisque  subu- 
latis  ciliatis  3-4  mm.  longis  deciduis  instructi,  pedicelli  cum  pedunculo 
circiter  1  cm.  longi,  subaccumbenti-villosi;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus, 
villoso-tomentosus,  4-5  mm.  diam.,  dentes  late  triangulares,  mucro- 
nulati,  1.5  mm.  longi  et  2  mm.  lati,  purpurascentes,  dorso  fere  glabra 
margine  dense  villosuli;  petala  orbiculari-obovata,  concava,  erecta, 
alba,  roseo  suffusa,  4-4.5  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata,  breviter  unguiculata; 
stamina  20,  sepalis  longiora;  carpidia  2,  rarius  3,  apice  villosa,  stylis 
quam  stamina  brevioribus.  Fructus  pyriformis,  8-10  mm.  longus, 
apice  depresso  villosulus,  niger;  pyrenae  2,  rarius  3,  trigono-obovoideae, 
5-6  mm.  longae  et  4-4.5  latae,  ventre  stylum  tertiam  partem  infra  apicem 
gerentes,  nitidae,  dorso  irregulariter  leviter  sulcatae  et  rugulosae,  hypo- 
stylio  tertiam  v.  vix  tertiam  partem  dorsi  occupante  nitido  glabro  v. 
sparse  villosulo. 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  159 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  ra., 
June  and  October  1907  (No.  327,  type);  south  Wushan,  thickets, 
alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October  1907  (No.  217,  fruit);  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  thickets  and  margins  of  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  217,  flowers);  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  156,  flowers);  no  locality,  June  and  August  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  669*,  669*',  in  part,  and  specimens  from  Hort.  Veitch  under 
seed  Nos.  1160^  595).  Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north- 
east of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  319  in 
part);  'Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1805).  Shensi:  north-west 
Han-chung  Hsien,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  367);  Tai-pei-shan,  1910, 
W.  Purdom  (no  number). 

This  variety  is  easily  distinguished  from  the  type,  which  has  smaller  less  acumi- 
nate glabrescent  leaves,  less  densely  pubescent  calyx  and  glabrous  fruits. 

Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  laetevirens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var.     -  ctc*«3*4J^ 

Cotoneaster  vulgaris  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  385  (pro  parte,  non  Lindley) 
(1900). 

Frutex  2-3-metralis  ramis  divaricatis  gracilibus  curvatis;  ramuli 
hornotini  flavido-villoso-strigillosi,  annotini  glabri,  fusco-rubri.  Folia 
decidua,  ovata  v.  rhombico-ovata,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  rarius 
obtusiuscula,  basi  late  cuneata,  rarius  rotundata,  2-3.5  cm.  longa  et 
1-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  sparse  villoso-pilosa,  margine 
ciliolata,  subtus  subaccumbenti-villosa;  petioli  3-5  mm.  longi,  accum- 
benti-villosi ;  stipulae  subulatae  3-4  mm.  longae,  pubescentes.  Ra- 
cemi  plerumque  3-flori;  pedicelli  cum  pedunculo  5-8  mm.  longi,  ac- 
cumbenti-villosi;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  4-5  mm.  diam.,  sparse 
villosus,  dentes  late  triangulari-ovati,  mucronulati,  1.5-2  mm.  longi, 
dorso  villosi;  petala  obovata,  4-5  mm.  longa,  erecta  v.  erecto-patentia, 
breviter  unguiculata,  alba,  roseo  suffusa;  stamina  20,  sepalis  aequi- 
longa;  carpidia  2-3,  apice  dense  villosa,  stylis  staminibus  aequilongis. 
Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east  of  Tachien-Iu, 
alt.  3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2177,  type):  Nan-ch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  1806). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  size  and  texture  of  leaves  and  in  the  character  of  the 
pubescence.  Possibly  it  should  rank  as  a  distinct  species,  but  we  have  no  fruits. 
Rosthorn's  specimen  has  longer  pedicels  than  the  type  of  this  variety. 

Cotoneaster  ambigua  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5-2  m.  altus   ramis  divaricatis  curvatis;   ramuli  hornotini 


160  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

flavido-villoso-strigillosi,  annotini  glabri  v.  fere  glabri,  fusco-rubri; 
gemmae  tomento  einereo-flavido  subaccumbenti-villoso  obtectae.  Folia 
decidua,  elliptico-ovata  v.  rhombico-ovata,  rarius  elliptico-obovata,  ad 
ovato-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  3-5  cm.  longa  et  1-2.5 
cm.  lata,  supra  initio  sparse  subaccumbenti-pilosa,  mox  glabrescentia 
V.  glabra,  subtus  laxe  ad  venas  densius  subaccumbenti-villosa,  utrin- 
secus  nervis  5-7  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  pubescentes, 
2-3  mm.  longi;  stipulae  subulatae,  4-6  mm.  longae.  Corymbus  5-10- 
florus,  ramulos  laterales  breves  foliosos  terminans,  bracteis  bracteolisque 
subulatis  caducis  3-4  mm.  longis  sparse  villosis;  pedicelli  cum  pedun- 
culo  circiter  1  cm.,  rarius  1.5  cm.  longi,  sparsissime  pilosi;  calyx  parce 
villosus  V.  fere  glaber;  sepala  late  triangularia,  1  mm.  longa  et  1-1.5 
mm.  lata,  mucronulata,  intus  ad  marginem  villosula;  petala  orbiculari- 
obovata,  3-4  mm.  longa  et  circiter  3  mm.  lata,  concava,  erecta,  saepe 
leviter  erosa,  brevissime  unguiculata;  stamina  20,  sepalis  longiora; 
carpidia  2-5,  apice  pilosa.  Fructus  niger,  nitidulus,  ovoideus,  8-9  mm. 
longus,  apice  tantum  villosulus;  pyrenae  2-3,  rarius  4,  rarissime  5, 
triangulari-obovatae,  5-6  mm.  longae  et  3-5  mm.  latae,  ventre  brun- 
neae,  nitidae,  stylum  quartam  partem  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso 
leviter  irregulariter  foveolato-sulcatae,  hypostylio  tertiam  partem 
dorsi  occupante  brunneo  sparse  villosulo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 
2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2179,  type);  west  of  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1270);  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600- 
3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2178);  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
1903  (Veitch  Exped.,  plants  in  Hort.  Veitch  under  Nos.  1507,  1723). 

Allied  to  Cotoneaster  acutifolia  Turczaninow,  which  is  readily  distinguished  by  ita 
generally  ovate  much  less  pubescent  leaves  and  more  densely  pubescent  calyx. 
From  Cotoneaster  moupinensis  Franchet  this  new  species  is  easily  recognized  by 
its  smaller  foliage,  which  hardly  ever  shows  any  tendency  to  become  rugose,  ita 
smaller  inflorescence  and  flowers,  and  by  its  globose  fruit. 

It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  there  is  a  great  similarity  between  all  these 
black-fruited  Cotoneasters  from  China.  With  Cotoneaster  acutifolia  Turczaninow 
at  one  end  of  the  chain  and  Cotoneaster  moupinensis  Franchet  at  the  other  it  ia 
almost  possible,  with  the  material  before  us,  to  connect  the  whole  series.  The 
living  plants  look  quite  different,  and  since  all  the  species  and  varieties  named 
above  are  in  cultivation,  it  may  be  possible  later  to  determine  their  afl5nities  more 
accurately. 

Nos.  1270  and  2178  differ  from  the  type  in  their  thicker,  broader  leaves.  No. 
2178  has  a  more  numerous-flowered  corymb,  broader  sepals,  showing  some  approach 
to  Cotoneaster  moupinensis  Franchet. 

Cotoneaster  reticulata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2.5-4  m.  altus  ramis  validiusculis;  ramuli  homotini  flavido- 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  161 

villoso-strigillosi,  demum  glabrescentes,  annotini  fusci,  glabri,  vetus- 
tiores  cinereo-fusci;  gemmae  dense  flavido-subaccumbenti-villosae. 
Folia  subcoriacea,  decidua,  elliptico-ovata,  rarius  rhombico-ovata, 
acuminata  v.  acuta,  2.5-3.5  cm.  longa  et  1-1.6  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra, 
lucide  viridia,  venularum  reticulo  impresso,  subtus  tomento  flavido 
villoso  obtecta,  utrinsecus  venis  4-5  supra  valde  impressis  subtus 
manifeste  elevatis;  petioli  3-4  mm.  longi,  pubescentes,  demum  plerum- 
que  glabrescentes;  stipulae  subulatae,  pubescentes,  circiter  2  mm. 
longi.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  3-6  in  racemis  glabris,  pedicellis  cum 
pedunculo  0.5-1  cm.  longis,  globosi,  5-7  mm.  diam.,  purpureo-nigri, 
glabri;  pyrenae  5,  trigono-oblongo-obovoideae,  3-4  mm.  longae  et 
circiter  2  mm.  diam.,  ventre  carinatae,  stylum  plus  quam  tertiam 
partem  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  irregulariter  obsolete  sulcatae, 
hypostylio  tertiam  partem  dorsi  occupante  sparse  villosulo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2600- 
3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4191,  type). 

This  species  is  apparently  closely  related  to  C.  obscura  Rehder  &  Wilson,  but 
differs  from  it  in  its  subcoriaceous  leaves  rugose  above  and  reticulate  beneath, 
glabrous  pedicels,  and  in  the  5  narrow  stones  of  the  fruit. 

Cotoneaster  obscura  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-3-metralis,  ramosissimus,  divaricatus;  ramuli  hornotini 
flavido-strigillosi,  basin  versus  interdum  glabrescentes,  annotini  tarde 
glabrescentes,  fusco-purpurei,  vetustiores  obscure  fusci;  gemmae 
flavido-villoso-strigillosae,  2-3  mm.  longae.  Folia  decidua,  elliptico- 
ovata,  rarius  rhombico-ovata,  plerumque  acuminata,  rarius  acuta, 
basi  late  cuneata,  2.5-4  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure 
viridia,  initio  pilis  accumbentibus  conspersa,  demum  glabra  v.  fere 
glabra,  subtus  tomento  subaccumbente  villoso  flavido-cinereo  obtecta, 
utrinsecus  nervis  3-1  ut  costa  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  elevatis ; 
petioli  2-3  mm.  longi,  pubescentes;  stipulae  membranaceae,  subulatae, 
3^  mm.  longae.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  3-5  in  racemis  ramulos 
breves  laterales  terminantibus,  pedicellis  cum  pedunculo  3-5  mm.  longis 
sparse  villoso-strigillosis,  ovoideo-pyriformes,  8-9  mm.  longi  et  7-8  mm. 
diam.,  fusco-rubri,  apice  applanato  sparse  villoso,  sepalis  conniventibus; 
pyrenae  plerumque  3,  rarius  2,  oblongo-obovoideae,  5  mm.  longae,  3 
ram.  diam.,  ventre  stylum  tertiam  partem  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso 
pallidae,  interdum  leviter  sulcatae,  hypostylio  nitido  flavido-brunneo 
tertiam  partem  dorsi  occupante  parce  villoso  v.  glabro. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4306,  type);  Tachien-lu,  upland  thick- 


162  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ets,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4090);    without  locality, 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  ex  Hort.  Veitch.  No.  1718). 

Allied  to  Cotoneaster  acuminata  Lindley,  which  differs  in  the  leaves  being  only 
sparingly  appressed-pilose  beneath,  and  in  the  larger,  bright-red  and  turbinate 
fruits  open  at  the  apex.  Cotoneaster  bullata  Bois  differs  in  the  color  and  shape  of 
its  fruits,  and  in  its  longer  leaves  of  different  texture. 

Cotoneaster  obscura,  var.  comifolia  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  3-metralis  ramis  validiusculis;  ramuli  hornotini  flavido- 
strigillosi,  basin  versus  glabrescentes,  flavido-fusci,  vetustiores  cinereo- 
fusci  V.  cinerascentes.  Folia  elliptico-ovata  v.  fere  rhombico-ovata, 
rarius  elliptico-oblonga,  interdum  elliptico-obovata,  plerumque  mani- 
feste  acuminata  mucronata,  basi  late  cuneata,4-7  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm. 
lata,  supra  obscure  viridia  initio  sparse  subaccumbenti-villosa,  demum 
glabrescentia,  subtus  paullo  pallidiora,  tomento  villoso  flavescenti 
praesertim  ad  venas  laxe  obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-6  supra  impressis 
subtus  elevatis;  petioli  3-5  mm.  longi,  laxe  villosi.  Fructus  3-4  in 
racemis  laxis  ramulos  breves  laterales  terminantibus,  pedicellis  cum 
petiolo  1-1.5  cm,  longis  sparsissime  pilosis,  turbinati,  8-10  mm.  longi, 
atrorubri,  glabri;  pyrenae  5,  triangulari-oblongo-obovoideae,  6  mm. 
longae,  ventre  carinatae,  stylum  tertiam  partem  infra  apicem  gerentes, 
dorso  irregulariter  leviter  sulcatae,  hypostylio  tertiam  partem  dorsi 
occupante  nitido  flavo-brunneo  glabro  v.  sparse  villoso. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tu-ti-liang  mts.,  Lungan  Fu,  alt.  2600  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4543,  type). 

Distinguished  from  the  type  by  its  much  larger  leaves,  more  deeply  impressed 
above  and  less  densely  pubescent  beneath,  and  in  its  larger  more  decidedly  tur- 
binate fruit.  It  resembles  somewhat  C.  foveolata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  but  differs  in 
its  turbinate  purpUsh-black  fruits  with  five  stones,  and  in  its  shorter,  few-fiowered 
racemes. 

Cotoneaster  foveolata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis  ramis  divaricatis;  ramuli  hornotini  flavido- 
villoso-strigillosi,  annotini  glabri,  cinereo-fusci  v.  flavido-cinerei  v. 
fusci  utvestustiores;  gemmae  tomento  subaccumbenti-villoso  flavescente 
obtectae.  Folia  decidua,  elliptica  v.  elliptico-ovata,  v.  elliptico-obovata, 
rarius  ovato-oblonga,  breviter  acuminata  v.  acuta,  3.5-8,  plerumque 
5-6  cm.  longa  et  1.8-3.5,  plerumque  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia, 
initio  sparse  accumbenti-pilosa,  mox  glabra,  subtus  sparse,  ad  venas 
densius  subaccumbenti-villosa,  demum  plerumque  glabra  v.  fere 
glabra,  sed  interdum  pilis  ad  costam  venasque  persistentibus,  margine 
dense   ciliolata,   nervis    supra    impressis    subtus   elevatis,  venularum 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  163 

reticulo  supra  leviter  impresso  v.  obsolete  subtus  obsoleto,  parenchy- 
mate  non  v.  vix  bullato;  petioli  2-4  mm.  longi,  sparse  pilosi,  demum 
glabrescentes  v.  glabri.  Corymbus  3-7-florus,  ramulos  laterales  termi- 
nans,  pedicelli  cum  pedunculo  1-1.5  cm.  longi,  rarissime  longiores, 
villoso-strigillosi,  bracteis  bracteolisque  subulatis  parce  strigilloso- 
villosis;  calyx  cum  dentibus  dense  v.  interdum  laxius  subaccumbenti- 
setoso-villosus,  dentes  interdum  dorso  glabrescentes;  petala  orbiculari- 
obovata,  4.5-5  mm.  longa  et  3.5-i  lata,  breviter  unguiculata,  concava, 
erecta,  alba  roseo  afflata;  stamina  fere  20,  sepalis  longiora;  carpidia 
2-5,  apice  dense  villosa.  Fructus  subglobosus,  7-8  mm.  diam.,  niger; 
pyrenae  2-5  plerumque  3-4,  triangulari-obovoideae,  4-5  mm.  longae  et 
3.5-4.5  latae,  ventre  carinatae,  nitidae,  stylum  vix  tertiam  partem  infra 
apicem  gerentes,  dorso  irregulariter  sulcatae  et  foveolatae,  hypostylio 
tertiam  v.  vix  tertiam  partem  dorsi  occupante  parce  villoso  v.  glabro 
nitidulo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  September 
1907  (No.  147,  type) ;  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  thickets,  Sep- 
tember 1907  (Nos.  271,  273,  319);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt. 
1000-2000  m.,  June  and  September  1907  (Nos.  2175,  156  as  to  fruit); 
Pao-kang  Hsien,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1291);  no  locality,  A. 
Henry  (No.  6328). 

Cotoneaster  foveolata  is  closely  related  to  C.  moupinensis  Franchet,  which  differs 
in  the  thicker  more  rugose  leaves,  the  many-flowered  inflorescence,  glabrescent 
calyx,  and  in  the  narrower  stones  usually  5  or  4  in  each  fruit  and  with  only  a 
shallow  furrow  on  the  dorsal  side.. 

Cotoneaster  moupinensis  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser. 
3,  viii.  224  {PL  David,  ii.  42)  ((1885).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk.  I.  747  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No. 857,  in  part;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white, 
fruit  black);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  June  and  Septem- 
ber 1908  (No.  857,  in  part;  bush  2-5  m.  tall,  flowers  pinkish,  fruit 
black);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300 
m.,  June  1908  (No.  2180,  in  part;  bush  2-3  m.  tall). 

The  fruit,  which  has  not  yet  been  described,  is  black,  globose,  7-10  mm.  in  diam- 
eter with  the  persistent  incurved  calyx-teeth  leaving  a  small  opening  in  the  middle; 
stones  3-5,  generally  4-5,  narrowly  triangular-obovoid,  4-5  mm.  long,  2.5-3  mm. 
wide,  dull  yellowish  and  irregularly  and  shghtly  furrowed  on  the  dorsal  side,  hypo- 
style  small,  lustrous  brownish  yellow,  covering  one  third  or  less  of  the  dorsal  side. 

This  is  the  common  Cotoneaster  in  the  thickets  and  margins  of  woods  tliroughout 
western  Szech'uan.    The  flowers  are  shghtly  larger  and  the  leaves  less  wrinkled  than 


164  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

those  of  Cotoneasier  bullata  and  the  fruits  are  jet  black.  Franchet  does  not  give  the 
color  of  the  fruits  in  his  original  description  of  Cotoneaster  moupinensis,  but  from 
fragments  we  have,  kindly  communicated  from  Paris,  they  appear  to  us  as  if  they 
would  be  black  when  mature.  Since  the  leaves  and  flowers  of  this  black-fruited 
variety  agree  exactly  with  Franchet's  original  description,  and,  since  this  is  the 
common  plant  of  the  region  Franchet's  type  came  from,  we  have  referred  hia 
name  to  this  plant  and  accepted  Bois'  name  of  bullata  for  the  red-fruited  form, 
which  differs  besides  in  the  smaller  flowers  and  decidedly  more  wrinkled  leaves; 
it  is,  too,  a  comparatively  rare  plant,  though  scattered  over  a  wide  area  in  western 
Szech'uan. 

Our  specimens  exhibit  considerable  variation  both  in  foliage  and  in  size  of  the 
corymb.  No.  857,  from  Mupin,  has  rugose  leaves,  but  this  character  varies  con- 
siderably even  on  the  same  shoots. 

Cotoneaster  bullata  Bois  in  Vilmorin   &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  119, 

2  fig.  (1904);  in  Fedde,  Rey.  Nov.  Sp.,  III.  228,  2  fig.  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  moupinensis  Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV,  t.  8284  (pro  parte,  non 
Franchet)  (1909). 

Our  specimens  are  all  referable  to  the  following  variety. 

Cotoneaster  bullata,  var.  macrophylla  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  2-5-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  cinereo-villoso-strigillosi, 
demum  glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri,  fiavido-grisei  v.  fusco-grisei 
ut  vetustiores.  Folia  decidua,  obovato-elliptica  v.  elliptica,  rarius 
elliptico-oblonga  v.  lanceolato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata 
V.  rarius  sensim  attenuata,  5-15  cm.  longa  et  2.5-8  cm.  lata,  supra 
initio  sparse  adpresse  pilosa,  demum  glabra,  subtus  sparse  adpresse 
villosa,  demum  glabrescentia,  plerumque  ad  venas  venulasque  tantum 
villosa  V.  pilosula,  ea  ramorum  elongatorum  subtus  densius  pubes- 
centia,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10  supra  impressis  subtus  prominentibus, 
parenchymate  saepe  bullato  et  simul  venularum  reticulo  subtus  elevato; 
petioli  circiter  2  mm.  longi,  sparse  adpresse  villosuli  v.  glabrescentes. 
Corymbus  multiflorus,  5-8  cm.  diam. ;  pedicelli  breves,  ut  pedunculi 
fere  glabri  v.  sparse  adpresse  pilosi;  calycis  tubus  glaber  v.  fere  glaber, 
4  mm.  diam.,  dentes  obtusiusculi,  dense  ciliolati.  Fructus  coccineus, 
subglobosus  V.  turbinato-globosus,  7-9  mm.  diam.;  pyrenae  5,  trigono- 
oblongo-obovoideae,  6  mm.  longae  et  3  mm.  diam.,  ventre  carinatae, 
stylum  trientem  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  plus  minus  sulcatae, 
hypostylio  vix  trientem  dorsi  occupante  villosulo  pallide  brunneo- 
flavido  ut  dorsum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1900-2600  m.,  Sep- 
tember 1908  (No.  873,  type;  bush  3-5  m.  tall,  fruits  brick  red):  Chin- 
ting-shan,  alt.  1300-1600  m..  May  1908  (No.  2180  in  part,  bush  2-3 
m.  tall,  flowers  pinkish);   near  Monkong  Ting,  thickets,  alt.  2300  m., 


ROSACE  AE.  —  COTONE  ASTER  165 

June  1908  (No.  2181,  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers  pinkish);  Mt.  Omei,  alt. 
2300-2800  m.,  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3515  a). 

This  variety  resembles  in  its  many-flowered  corymbs  C.  bullata,  f.  floribunda, 
n.  comb.  (C  moupinensis,  f.  floribunda  Stapf),  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its 
mucli  smaller  leaves  generally  ovate  or  sometimes  obovate  and  rounded  at  the 
base  and  more  densely  pubescent  beneath,  and  by  the  pubescent  calyx  and  the 
chestnut  brown  branches. 

Cotoneaster  Franchetii  Bois  in  Rev.  Hort,  1902,  379,  figs.  159,  160, 
161,  164;  1907,  256,  fig.  90.  t.;  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin. 
117,  2  fig.  (1904);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  iii.  228  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2500-2900  m., 
September  1908  (No.  995;  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  fruit  bright  red);  Niu- 
tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2171); 
west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4160;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall,  fruit  scarlet). 

Our  specimens  differ  from  the  cultivated  type  only  in  the  bracts  and  bractlets 
of  the  inflorescence  being  rather  short. ^ 

1  A  closely  related  species  is  the  following,  of  which  a  full  description  may  be 
added  here: 

Cotoneaster  amoena  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LI.  2,  fig.  1  (1912). 

Frutex  1-1.5  m.  altus,  dense  ramosus;  ramuli  hornotini  subaccumbenti-villosi, 
annotini  tarde  glabrescentes,  demum  fusco-purpurei;  gemmae  tomento  subaccum- 
benti-villoso  cinereo-albido  obtectae.  FoUa  decidua,  ovata  v.  elhptico-ovalia,  acuta 
mucronulata,  basi  late  cuneata,  10-22  mm.  plerumque  15  mm.  longa  et  6-15  mm., 
plerumque  6-10  mm.  lata,  supra  sparse  pubescentia,  subtus  villoso-tomentosa, 
utrinsecus  nervis  2-4  ut  costa  supra  impressia  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  tomentosi, 
2-5  mm.  longi;  stipulae  membranaceae,  subulatae,  pubescentes,  4-5  mm.  longae. 
Corymbus  densus,  6-10-florus,  ramulos  laterales  breves  foliosos  terminans,  brac- 
teis  bracteolisque  subulatis  membranaceis  caducis  3-5  mm.  longis;  calycis  tubus 
tomento  subaccumbenti-villoso  albido  obtectus,  dentes  anguste  triangulari-ovati, 
sensim  in  aristam  fuscescentem  producti;  petala  rotundata,  breviter  unguicu- 
lata,  erecta,  2-2.5  mm.  longa  lataque;  stamina  20,  sepaUs  breviora  v.  aequilonga; 
carpidia  2-3,  apice  villosa.  Fructus  globosus,  5-6  mm.  diam.,  miniatus,  subsessUis, 
apice  villosulus;  pyrenae  2-3,  triangulari-obovoideae,  4-5  mm.  longae,  ventre 
carinatae,  nitentes,  stylum  trientem  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  medio  leviter 
sulcatae  saepe  etiam  sulcis  obsoletis  lateralibus  praeditae,  hypostylio  brunneo 
nitido  trientem  dorsi  occupante. 

Yunnan:  This  description  is  drawn  up  from  specimens  made  from  plants  in 
Hort.  Veitch.  under  No.  1889  raised  from  seeds  collected  southwest  of  Mengtze, 
alt.  1600-1700  m.  (Veitch  Exped.;  type  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum);  mountains 
north  of  Mengtze,  A.Henry  (No.  11341). 

Closely  allied  to  Cotoneaster  Franchetii  Bois,  which  is  distinguished  by  its  lax 
spreading  habit,  larger  cymes,  longer  peduncles  and  longer  pedicels  and  by  its 
broader,  less  acuminate  sepals.  The  living  plants  show  greater  differences  than 
the  herbarium  material  would  lead  one  to  suspect.  Henry's  No.  107S5  has  longer 
leaves  and  glabrescent  aepala  and  is  evidently  from  a  vigorous  plant. 


166  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Cotoneaster  Dielsiana  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  385  (1900).— 
Schneider,  III  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  749,  figs.  418  a-b,  429  a  (1906). 
Cotoneaster  applanata  Duthie  apud  Veitch,  Hort.  Veitchii,  385  (1906). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  and  October,  1907  (No.  466;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  pinkish, 
fruit  red) ;  without  locality,  June  and  October  1900  (Veitch.  Exped. 
No.  1127);  plants  from  Hort.  Veitch  under  Nos.  519,  1288). 

Photographs  of  this  species  showing  the  habit  will  be  found  in  Horticulture  XI. 
181  (1910),  and  under  the  name  of  C.  applanata  in  James  Veitch  &  Sons,  Novelties 
for  1908-9,  17.  No.  1288  of  Hort.  Veitch,  differs  from  the  type  in  having  larger 
and  broader  leaves  and  larger  fruits  and  may  be  distinguished  as  forma  major. 

Cotoneaster  Dielsiana,  var,  elegans  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  praecipue  recedit  foliis  minoribus,  saepe  obtusiusculis  v. 
obtusis,  subpersistentibus  quamquam  tenuioribus,  fructibus  minori- 
bus, miniatis  pendulis.  Frutex  1-2-metralis,  erectus,  ramis  gracilibus, 
divaricatis  arcuatis.  Folia  ovata  v.  ovalia,  1-2  cm.  longa  et  6-13  mm. 
lata,  supra  initio  sparse  villosula,  demum  glabrescentia,  subnitentia, 
subtus  cinereo-tomentosa.  Fructus  globosus,  pendulus,  corallinus,  5-6 
mm.  diam.,  pedicellis  1-2  mm.  longis;  pyrenae  2-5  triangulari-oblongo- 
obovoideae,  3.5-4.5  mm.  longae  et  2-3.5  mm.  diam.,  ventre  carinatae, 
nitidae,  stylum  trientum  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  pallidae,  ir- 
regulariter  foveolato-rugosae,  hypostylio  dorsi  trientem  v.  ultra 
occupante. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  thickets, 
July  and  October  1908  (No.  1287,  type);  Wa-shan,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
cliffs,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  2170,  bush  1-2  m.tall,  flowers  pink, 
fruit  coral  red). 

This  western  plant  shows  marked  diflFerence  from  the  type  and  in  several  respects 
approaches  Cotoneaster  Franchetii  Bois.  It  also  has  affinity  with  Cotoneaster 
Zabelii  Schneider.  Its  thinner  yet  more  persistent  leaves,  smaller  pendulous  fruit, 
brick  or  orange-red,  distinguish  this  variety  from  the  typical  form. 

Cotoneaster  Zabelii  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I  748,  fig. 
420  f-h  (1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  iii.  220  (1906). 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
May  and  October,  1907  (Nos.  331,  in  part;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers 
pink,  fruit  red;  No.  2190;  bush  2.5  m.  tall,  fruit  red):  north  and 
south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  common,  June  1907  (No.  2172; 
bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  pinkish);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000- 
2300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2173;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall);    Patung  Hsien, 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  167 

thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2174;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers 
pink);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  June  1910  (No. 
4542;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  pink);  without  locality,  June  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1167  and  seed  number  623);  without  locality, 
A.  Hennj  (Nos.  5463,  7918).  Shensi:  north-west  of  Han-chung 
Hsien,  May  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  360);  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W. 
Purdom  (no  number). 

This  is  the  common  Cotoneaster  of  the  thickets  in  western  Hupeh.  The  oval- 
elliptic  leaves  are  usually  rounded  and  emarginate  or  mucronulate  but  occasionally 
acute;  often  all  forms  are  found  on  the  same  shoot.  The  Hupeh  specimens  appear 
to  have  rather  shorter,  more  prominently  veined  leaves  than  those  from  Shensi, 
the  type  locality.  Purdom's  specimen  from  the  Tai-pei-shan  has  the  corymbs 
larger  and  more  numerous  flowered  and  larger  leaves  than  any  of  the  other  speci- 
mens we  have  seen.  In  young  plants  the  leaves  are  mucronulate  and  incUned  to 
be  acute. 

Cotoneaster  gracilis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-3-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  accumbenti-villosuli, 
annotini  glabri,  fusco-purpurei.  Folia  decidua,  ovali-ovata  v.  oblongo- 
ovata,  rarius  ovali-oblonga,  obtusa  breviter  mucronulata,  interdum 
acutiuscula,  rarissime  emarginata,  basi  rotundata,  10-25,  plerumque 
15-20  mm.  longa  et  8-17,  plerumque  10-12  mm.  lata,  supra  glabra 
minute  rugulosa,  laete  viridia,  subtus  albida,  dense  papillosa,  reticulo 
venularum  impresso  et  dense  tomento  cinereo  subaccumbenti-villoso 
obtecta,  utrinsecus  nervis  3-4  ut  costa  supra  leviter  impressis,  subtus 
elevatis;  petioli  tomentosi,  2-3  mm.  longi;  stipulae  subulatae,  rube- 
scentes,  pubescentes,  membranaceae,  circiter  2  mm.  longae.  Corymbus 
lax-US,  3-6-florus,  ramulis  lateralibus  brevibus  v.  brevissimis  plerumque 
3-foliatis  insidens,  bracteis  bracteolisque  membranaceis  subulatis  ru- 
bescentibus  1.5-2  mm.  longis  instructus;  pedunculus  0-5  mm.  longus, 
sparse  pubescens;  pedicelli  2-6  mm.  longi,  graciles  glabrescentes; 
caljrx  glaber,  rubescens,  dentes  late  ovati,  obtusi  v.  acutiusculi,  inter- 
dum mucronulati,  2  mm.  longi  ac  lati,  sursum  sparse  pilosi,  margine 
scarioso;  petala  subrotundata  rosea,  2.5-3  mm.  longa  et  2.5  mm.  lata, 
erecta,  basi  brevissimeunguiculata;  stamina  20,  sepalis  subaequilonga 
V.  paullo  breviora;  carpidia  2  (semper?)  apice  dense  villosa.  Fructus 
(immaturus)  obovoideus,  ad  5  mm.  longus,  apice  truncatus;  pyrenae 
4.5  mm.  longae,  3.5  mm.  latae,  dorso  leviter  irregulariter  foveolatae, 
ventre  stylum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentes,  hypostylio  dimidium  v. 
fere  dimidium  dorsum  occupante  sparse  villosulo  v.  glabro. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1700  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  2176,  type).    Western  Szeeh'uan:   Valley  of  Hsao-chin 


168  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Ho  near  Mon-kong  Ting,  alt.  2300-3300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2169). 
Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1901,  W.  Purdom. 

In  the  absence  of  ripe  fruits  the  affinity  of  this  species  remains  doubtful.  It 
seems  to  be  most  closely  related  to  the  black-fruited  C.  melanocarpa  Loddiges,  which 
differs  chiefly  in  its  broader  and  larger,  differently  shaped  leaves,  often  narrowed 
at  the  base,  sparingly  hairy  on  the  upper  surface  while  young  and  with  a  looser 
whitish  tomentum  beneath.  Specimens  of  the  forms  from  the  Altai  mountains 
usually  referred  to  C.  melanocarpa  resemble  our  species  in  their  smaller  leaves, 
which,  however,  are  hairy  on  their  upper  surface  while  young,  oval  in  outline  and 
generally  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base.  Cotoneaster  gracilis  also  shows  some  re- 
semblance to  the  red-fruited  C.  integerrima  Medikus,  which  is  easily  distinguished 
by  its  larger  acute  or  acutish  leaves,  smaller  and  shorter  racemes,  larger  flowers 
and  stouter  branches.  Cotoneaster  Zabelii  .Schneider  differs  more  widely  in  its 
densely  villous  calyx  and  the  larger  leaves,  hairy  on  their  upper  surface  at  least 
while  young.  —  The  specimen  from  western  Szech'uan  (No.  2169)  has  smaller 
leaves  than  the  type  and  fewer  flowers  in  shorter  racemes,  while  the  specimens 
from  Shensi  are  almost  intermediate  between  the  Hupeh  and  the  Szech'uan 
specimens. 

Sect.  2.  CHAENOPETALUM  Koehne. 

Cotoneaster  racemiflora  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  1. 170  (1869). —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  754,  fig.  424  e'-k  (1906). 

Mespilns  racemiflora  Desfontames,  Cat.  Hort.  Paris,  ed.  3,  409  (1829). 
Cotoneaster  Fontanesii  Spach,  Hist.  Veg.  II.  77.  (1834).  —  Briot  in  Rev.  Hort. 

1869,  33,  t. 
Cotoneaster  mimmularia  Fischer   &  Meyer  in  Ind.  Sem.  Hort.  Petrop.  II.  31. 
(1835).  —  Aitchison  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  Bot.  III.  64,  t.  9  (1888). 

Cotoneaster  Fontanesii,  a  Desfontainii  Regel  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  II.  312.  (1873). 
Cotoneaster  numularia,  /3  racemiflora  Wenzig  in  Linnaea,  XXXVIII.  189  (1874). 
The  type  does  not  occur  in  China,  but  there  are  two  well-marked  varieties  in 
Hupeh  and  western  Szech'uan. 

Cotoneaster  racemiflora,  var.  soongorica  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  I.  754,  fig.  424  i  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  Nummularia  Trautvetter  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  XXXIII.  pt.  I. 

531  {Enum.  PI.  Songor.  Schrenk.)  (1860). 
Cotoneaster  nummularia,  var.  soongoricum  [sic]  Regel    &  Herder  in  Bull.  Soc. 

Nat.  Mosc.  XXXIX.  pt.  II.  58  (PL  Semenov.  No.  381)  (1866). 
Cotoneaster    Fontanesii,  var.  soongorica  Regel  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  II.  313 

(1873). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  bush  2.5  m. 
tall,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1317);  valley  of  Hsao-chin  Ho  near 
Monkong  Ting,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (Nos.  2166,  2168;  bush 
2-3  m.  tall);  Min  Valley  near  Sung-pan  Ting,  alt.  2600  m.,  Septem- 
ber 1910  (No.  4015^  bush  1-2  m.  tall);  wdthout  locality,  alt.  3900  m., 
arid  places,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3514;  bush  2  m.  tall). 


EOSACEAE.  —  COTONE  ASTER  169 

This  13  a  common  ahrub  in  the  dry,  arid  river  valleys  of  western  Szech'uan. 
In  No.  1317  the  fruits  have  usually  only  one  stone  and  the  hypostyle  covers  about 
one  half  of  it  all  around,  while  in  No.  4015'''  usually  two  stones  are  present  with 
the  hypostyle  covering  about  one  third  of  the  dorsal  side. 

Cotoneaster  racemiflora,  var.  microcarpa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis  ramis  gracilibus  virgatis;  ramuli  hornotini 
initio  villosuli,  demum  glabrcscentes,  annotini  fusco-rubri,  nitiduli, 
vetustiores  cinereo-fusci.  Folia  decidua,  ovalia  v.  ovali-elliptica,  rarius 
obovata,  obtusa,  rarius  acutiuscula  v.  emarginata,  mucronata,  basi 
cuneata,  rarissime  rotundata,  10-17  mm.  longa  et  6-10  mm.  lata, 
supra  initio  sparse  villosi,  demum  glabra,  obscure  viridia,  subtus  ap- 
presse  cinereo-tomentosa,  interdum  demum  glabrescentia  et  pallide 
viridia;  petioli  graciles,  3-5  mm.  longi,  villosuli,  saepe  demum  glabre- 
scentes.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  2-4  in  racemis  laxis,  pedicellis  cum 
pedunculo  1-1.5  cm.  longis  gracilibus  villosulis  v.  fere  glabris,  ovoidei, 
6-7  mm.  longi  et  5  mm.  diam.,  apice  truncato  aperti,  basi  contracti, 
saturate  rubri,  glabri;  pyrenae  2,  4-4.5  mm.  longae  et  3  mm.  diam., 
ventre  planae,  nitidulae,  stylum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso 
leviter  sulcatae,  brunneae,  hypostylio  quadrantem  dorsi  occupante 
flavido-brunneo  villosulo  nitidulo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  Valley,  near  Sung-pan  Ting,  alt.  2300- 
2600  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4014). 

This  variety  approaches  Cotoneaster  racemiflora,  var.  soongorica  in  the  character 
of  its  pubescence,  but  the  small,  ovoid  fruits  easily  distinguish  it  from  tliis  and  all 
other  forms  of  Cotoneaster  racemiflora.    It  may  possibly  be  a  distinct  species. 

Cotoneaster  hupehensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Cotoneaster  integerrima  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  260  (pro  parte, 
non  Medikus)  (1887). 

Frutex  1.5  m.  altus  ramis  gracilibus  divaricatis;  ramuli  initio  ap- 
presse  villoso-tomentosi,  demum  glabrcscentes;  annotini  fusco-rubri, 
glabri,  nitiduli.  Folia  decidua,  ovata  v.  ovalia  ad  elliptica,  obtusa  v. 
acutiuscula,  mucronulata,  rarissime  emarginata,  1.5-2.8  cm.  longa 
et  1-1.8  cm.  lata,  supra  sparsissime  accumbenti-pilosa,  demum  glabra, 
nitidula,  saturate  viridia,  subtus  tomento  cinereo  tenui  sed  denso 
obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-5  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli 
graciles,  3-5  mm.  longi,  villosuli.  Corymbi  numerosi  secus  ramos 
elongatos  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  lateralium,  3-7-flori;  pcdicelli 
cum  pedunculo  1-1.5  cm.  longi,  villoso-tomentosuli;  calyx  densius 
V.  laxius  villosulus,  interdum  cito  glabrescens,  dentes  late  triangulares 


170  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

vix  1  mm.  longi,  villosuli;  petala  alba,  subrotundata,  circiter  5  mm. 
diam.,  breviter  unguiculata,  basi  intus  pilosa;  stamina  circiter  20, 
longiora  petalis  paullo  breviora,  antheris  flavis;  carpidia  2,  apice 
villosa.  Fructus  globosus,  8-10  mm.  diam.,  ruber,  leviter  pruinosus; 
pyrenae  2,  arete  coherentes,  obovoideae,  5-6  mm.  longae  et  4-5  mm. 
diam.,  ventre  planae,  stylum  in  apice  gerentes,  dorso  valde  convexae, 
sulcis  distinctis  4-5,  hypostylio  apicem  applanatum  tantum  obtegente 
irregulariter  gibboso  villosulo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  1300-2000  m.,  not  common, 
October  1907  (No.  334,  type);  Pao-kang-Hsien,  August  1901  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  2030'').  Eastern  Szech'uan:  South  Wush&n,  A.  Henry 
(No.  5525).  Western  Szech'uan,  without  locahty,  chffs,  etc.,  2100 
m.,  August  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3509;  shrub  4  m.  tall). 

This  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  C.  multiflora  Bunge,  but  is  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  the  densely  tomentulose  lower  surface  of  the  leaves,  the  villose  in- 
florescence and  by  the  small  hypostyle  of  its  stones.  From  C.  racemiflora  K.  Koch 
it  differs  in  the  larger  flowers,  longer  stamens  with  yellow  anthers,  larger  globose 
fruit,  and  by  the  hypostyle  covering  only  the  flattened  apex  of  the  stones. 

Cotoneaster  multiflora  Bunge  in  Ledebour,  Fl.  Alt.  II.  220  (1830). 
—  Ledebour,  Ic.  FL  Ross.  III.  22,  t.  274  (1831).  —  Schneider,  III. 
Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I.  755,  fig.  424  c,  m-n  (1906). 

Cotoneaster  reflexa  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1870-71,  520.  — Andr6  in  Rev.  Hort. 

1892,  327,  fig.  100. 
Cotoneaster  vulgaris,  var.  glabrata  Hort.  ex  Kew  Hand-list  Trees  and  Shrubs, 

I.  213  (synon.)  (1894). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-Iu,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  Sep- 
temper  1908  (No.  1061,  bush  1.5-3  m.,  fruit  dark-red);  north  of 
Tachien-lu,  alt.  2400-3000  m.,  Sept.  1910  (No.  413 1,  bush  2-2.5  m., 
fruit  scarlet).  Shensi:  north-west  of  Han-chung  Hsien,  1910,  W. 
Purdom;  Yenan  Fu,  1910,  W.Purdom.  Chili:  east  Wei-chang,  1909, 
W.  Purdom. 

In  the  original  figure  of  Cotoneaster  multiflora  Bunge  the  fruit  is  shown  as  oblong- 
ovoid,  whereas  in  the  Chinese  specimens  the  fruit  is  globose  when  mature  but 
elongate  in  early  stages  of  development.  We  rather  suspect  the  figure  cited  above 
as  made  from  immature  specimens. 

In  Shensi  this  species  is  apparently  very  common.  In  western  Szech'uan  it  is  con- 
fined to  dry  warm  river-valleys  and  is  not  common.  In  both  the  Shensi  and  Sze- 
ch'uan specimens  before  us  the  mature  leaves  are  glabrous  and  subglaucescent 
below. 

Cotoneaster  multiflora,  var.  calocarpa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  foUis  majoribus  2.5-4.5  cm.  longis  et  1.5-2.6  cm.  latis, 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  171 

elliptico-ovatis  v.  anguste  elliptico-ovatis,  apicem  versus  attenuatis, 
obtusis  V.  acutiusculis,  mucronatis,  subtus  ad  costam  laxe  adpresse 
villosis,  ceterum  sparse  villosis  v.  fere  glabris,  fructibus  copiosis 
majoribus,  10-12  mm.  diam.,  laete  rubris. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Valley  of  Min  river  near  Sungpan  Ting, 
alt.  2300-2600  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4015). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  larger  and  comparatively 
narrower  leaves  being  sUghtly  hairy  on  the  lower  surface,  and  in  the  larger  fruits. 
In  the  character  of  its  leaves  it  resembles  very  much  a  flowering  specimen  from  the 
Caucasus  we  have  before  us.  On  account  of  its  large  and  copiously  produced  fruit 
it  is  very  ornamental.  No.  0329  of  Wilson's  photographs  represents  the  shrub  in 
full  fruit  from  which  the  type  specimens  were  taken. 

Cotoneaster  tenuipes  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  tomento 
cinereo-flavescente  villoso-strigilloso  obtecti,  mox  glabrescentes  et 
fusco-purpurei,  ramuli  annotini  glabri.  Folia  decidua,  elliptico- 
ovata  V.  ovata  v.  anguste  elliptico-ovata,  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula,  ea 
ramulorum  elongatorum  interdum  breviter  acuminata,  basi  late 
cuneata,  1.2-3.5,  plerumque  2-3  cm.  longa  et  7-16,  plerumque  10-12 
mm.  lata,  supra  initio  sparse  pilosa,  laete  viridia,  subtus  tomento  cine- 
reo  accumbenti-villoso  obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-4,  supra  leviter 
impressis,  subtus  leviter  elevatis  v.  obsoletis;  petioli  villosuli,  3-5 
mm.  longi;  stipulae  membranaceae  subulatae,  pubescentes,  circiter  5 
mm.  longae,  mox  deciduae.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  solitarii  v.  bini 
in  apice  ramulorum  lateralium  brevium,  pedicellis  cum  pedunculo  4-8 
mm.  longis  gracilibus  tenuibus  sparse  villosulis,  ovoidei,  10  mm.  longi 
et  6  mm.  diam.,  apicem  applanatam  versus  plus  minusve  villosuli;  py- 
renae  2,  obovoideae,  6-6.5  mm.  longae  et  4  mm.  diam.,  ventre  planae, 
nitidulae,  stylum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentes,  dorso  irregulariter  sul- 
catae,  hypostylio  trientem  dorsi  occupante  flavo-brunneo  villosulo 
nitidulo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  Valley,  Sung-pan  Ting,  alt.  2600  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4544). 

In  the  absence  of  flowers  it  is  uncertain  to  which  section  this  species  belongs, 
but  it  seems  most  nearly  related  to  C.  racemiflora  K.  Koch  from  which  it  differs 
chiefly  in  the  usually  acute  or  even  short-acuminate  leaves,  the  nearly  black,  usu- 
ally solitary  fruits  and  the  narrower  stones. 

Cotoneaster  glabrata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-5-metralis  ramis  validiusculis;  ramuli  hornotini  initio 
sparse  adpresse  pilosi,  mox  glabri,  leviter  angulati,  virides  v.  plerumque 


172  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

purpurascentes,  annotini  fusco-purpurei,  vetustiores  obscure  fusci 
Folia  coriacea,  oblanceolato-oblonga,  rarius  oblongo-lanceolata,  acu- 
minata, basi  cuneata,  4-7  cm.  longa  et  1.4-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra, 
laete  viridia,  subnitentia,  minute  rugulosa,  subtus  initio  sparse  floccoso- 
villosa,  mox  glabrescentia,  demum  glabra,  glauca,  margine  leviter 
revoluta,  utrinsecus  nervis  7-10  ut  costa  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis; 
petioli  5-7  mm.  longi,  initio  sparse  villosuli,  demum  glabri,  basi  auricu- 
lati;  stipulae  membranaceae,  oblongae,  3  mm.  longae,  cito  caducae. 
Corymbus  multiflorus,  fere  planus,  2.5-4  cm.  diam.,  in^apice  ramu- 
lorum  terminalium  et  lateralium  brevium;  pedicelli  breves,  1-4  mm. 
longi,  cum  pedunculo  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  sparse  adpresse  pilosi,  glabre- 
scentes,  subangulosi,  virescentes,  bracteis  bracteolisque  membranaceis 
minutis  caducis;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  sparse  pilosus  v.  fere  glaber, 
dentes  orbiculari-ovati,  circiter  1  mm.  longi,  glabri;  petala  suborbicu- 
laria,  patentia,  2-3  mm.  diam.,  basi  abrupte  unguiculata;  stamina 
20,  petalis  paullo  breviora,  antheris  purpureis;  carpidia  2,  apice  sparse 
villosa;  styli  staminibus  triente  breviores,  stigmate  capitato  concavo. 
Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  2000-2800  m.,  rare,  July 
1906  (No.  2185). 

Apparently  most  closely  allied  to  C.  saZtci/oKa  Franchet  and  particularly  to  the  var. 
Pritzelii  Schneider,  which  differs,  though  its  leaves  are  glabrous  or  nearly  so  at 
maturity,  in  the  pubescent  branchlets  and  inflorescence.  Cotoneaster  glaucophylla 
Franchet  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  shorter  ovate  or  oval  leaves. 

Cotoneaster  salicifolia  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  3, 
vol.  VIII.  p.  225  (PL  David.  II.  43)  (1885). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Lauhholzk.  I.  759  (1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  221  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2500  m.,  June  and 
November  1908  (No.  1133;  bush  2-5  m.,  flowers  white,  fruit  scarlet); 
Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1868;  bush  3  m.). 

In  Franchet's  original  description,  cited  above,  the  leaves  are  given  as  §  cent, 
broad.  This  is  probably  a  clerical  error  for  1-2  cent,  broad.  The  fruits  not  de- 
scribed by  Franchet  are  ovoid,  about  4  mm.  long  and  3  mm.  across,  scarlet;  stones 
2-3,  3  mm.  long,  with  the  style  at  the  apex  of  the  inner  surface,  and  the  glabrous 
hypostyle  covering  one  half  or  shghtly  more  of  the  dorsal  side,  the  hypostyle  dark 
brown,  the  lower  part  light  brown. 

Cotoneaster  salicifoUa,  var.  rugosa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Cotoneaster  rugosa  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  385  (1900).  —  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  758,  fig.  426  f,  427  g-r  (1906);  m  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov. 
Sp.  III.  221  (1806)., 


ROSACEAE.  —  COTONEASTER  173 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
thickets,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  335;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  fruit  coral-red). 

Our  specimens  have  shorter  leaves  and  smaller  corymbs  than  those  described  for 
the  type  by  Pritzel,  otherwise  they  agree  exactly  with  his  description.  From  the 
typical  Cotoneaster  salicifolia  this  variety  is  distinguished  by  the  more  lanuginose 
shaggy  pubescence  of  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  and  of  the  branchlets,  the 
duller  green  and  smaller,  comparatively  broader  leaves  and  the  larger  fruits  with 
usually  2  stones,  the  hypostyle  covering  less  than  one  half  of  the  dorsal  side. 

Cotoneaster  salicifolia,  var.  floccosa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var, 

Frutex  2^-metralis  ramis  gracilibus  curvatis;  ramuli  hornotini 
initio  adpresse  villosi,  cito  glabrescentes,  angulati,  violascentes,  anno- 
tini  rubro-brunnei,  vetustiores  cinereo-fusci.  Folia  coriacea,  partim 
persistentia,  oblongo-lanceolata,  rarius  oblanceolato-oblonga  v.  anguste 
elliptica,  breviter  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  2-7,  plerumque  3-5  cm. 
longa  et  8-18  mm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra,  nitentia,  rugosa, 
subtus  initio  dense  tomento  floscoso-villoso  albo  vestita,  demum 
glabrescentia  et  glauca,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-14  supra  ut  costa  mani- 
festo impressis  subtus  elevatis  glabris  rubescentibus;  petioli  3-5  mm. 
longi,  cito  glabrescentes.  Corymbus  densus,  2-3  m.  diam.,  9-15-florus; 
pedicelli  cum  pedunculo  0.5-4  m.  longi,  adpresse  villosi  ut  calycis 
tubus;  calycis  dentes  triangulares,  1  mm.  longi;  petala  nondum  evo- 
luta.  Fructus  subglobosus,  circiter  6  mm.  diam.,  laete  ruber;  pyrenae 
plerumque  3,  rarius  2  v.  4,  oblongo-triangulares,  3.5-4  mm.  longae 
et  1.5-2  mm.  diam.,  utrinque  acutae,  stylum  in  apice  gerentes,  hypo- 
stylio  dimidium  dorsum  v.  ultra  occupante  glabro. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt. 
2300-2600  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1133'*,  type);  same 
locality,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4199)- 

Easily  distinguished  from  the  type  and  other  varieties  by  its  floccose  caducous 
tomentum.    The  leaves  too  are  narrower  and  the  fruits  a  brighter  red.^ 

^  An  allied  species  is  the  following  of  which  a  full  description  may  be  added  here. 

Cotoneaster  Harroviana  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LI.  3.  (1912). 

Frutex  1.5-2  m.  altus  ramis  divaricatis  curvatis;  ramuli  hornotini  initio  tomento 
villoso  flavescenti-cinereo  adpresso  vestiti,  mox  glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri, 
fusco-rubri.  Folia  subcoriacea  partim  persistentia,  elliptico-oblonga,  rarius  el- 
liptica V.  ovalia  v.  obovato-oblonga,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  mucronata,  basi 
cuneata,  2.5-4.5  cm.  longa  et  1-1.5  cm.  lata,  supra  initio  sparse  pilosa,  cito  glabre- 
scentia, leviter  rugulosa,  saturate  viridia,  subnitentia,  subtus  dense  tomento  villoso 
initio  flavescente  obtecta,  demum  ad  costam  venasque  saepe  glabrescentes,  secundo 
anno  interdum  partim  glabrescentia  et  epidermidem  glaucescentem  papillosam 
detegentia,  nervis  utrinque  8-10  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  4-5  mm. 
longi,  villosi.     Corymbus  pluriflorus,  densus,  3-4  cm.  diam.,  2-2.25  cm.  longus, 


174  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Cotoneaster  Henryana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Cotoneaster  frigida  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  386  (non  Wallich)  (1900). 

Cotoneaster  rugosa,  var.  Henryana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  758, 
fig.  426  g,  427  m-m'  (1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  221  (1906). —  Weathers 
in  Card.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XL VI.  339,  fig.  148  (1909). 

Frutex  2^-metralis  ramis  robustis;  ramuli  hornotini  tomento  fla- 
vido-cinereo  adpresso  villoso  obtecti  basin  versus  saepius  glabrescentes, 
annotini  glabrescentes  v.  glabri,  purpureo-fusci  v.  flavo-fusci.  Folia 
ehartacea,  decidua,  oblongo-elliptica  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  6-9  cm. 
longa  V.  interdum  longiora,  2-3  cm.  lata,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata, 
mucronata,  basi  cuneata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  pilis  accumbentibus 
conspersa,  leviter  rugulosa,  demum  glabrescentia,  subtus  tomento 
albo-cinereo  villoso  laxe  obtecta,  ad  costam  venasque  densius  et 
flavescente,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis; 
petioli  robusti,  4-8  mm.  longi,  dense  villosi;  stipulae  membranaceae, 
lanceolatae,  rubescentes,  5-6  mm.  longae,  deciduae.  Corymbus  laxus, 
planus,  4-6  cm.  diam.,  2-4  cm.  longus,  bracteis  bracteolisque  minutis 
caducis;  pedicelli  breves,  0.5-3  mm.  longi  ut  pedunculi  dense  adpresse 
villosi;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  dense  adpresse  villosus,  dentes  triangu- 
lari-ovati,  circiter  1.5  m.  longi,  obtusi  v.  acutiusculi,  plerumque  mucro- 
nati,  interdum  glabrescentes;  petala  suborbicularia,  2.5-3  mm.  diam., 
basi  breviter  unguiculata,  margine  eroso,  alba,  patentia;  stamina  20, 
petalis  paullo  breviora,  antheris  purpureis;  carpidia  2,  apice  pilosa, 
stylis  staminibus  subaequilongis,  stigmate  capitato.  Fructus  ovoideus, 
7  mm.  longus  et  5  mm.  diam.,  ruber,  sparse  pilosus  v.  fere  glaber; 
pyrenae  2,  obovoideae,  3.5-4  mm.  longae  et  2.5-3  mm.  diam.,  stylo 
apici  inserto,  hypostylio  dorsi  trientem  rarius  ultra  occupante  villo- 
sulo  paullo  pallidiore  quam  pars  inferior  dorsi. 

bracteis  bractiolisque  subulatis  villosis  deciduis  3-5  mm.  longis;  pedicelli  brevis- 
simi  ut  peduncuU  adpresse  villosi;  calycb  tubus  turbinatus,  adpresse  villosus  ut 
dentes  triangulares  acuti  1.5-2  mm.  longi;  petala  orbicularia,  3  mm.  diam.,  brevis- 
sime  unguiculata,  patentia,  concava,  erosa;  stamina  20,  petalis  paullo  breviora, 
antheris  carneo-purpureis;  carpidia  2,  apice  sparse  villosa,  styUs  staminibus  fere 
aequilongis,  stigmate  capitato.     Fructus  desiderantur. 

Yunnan:  10  miles  to  south-west  of  Mengtsze,  alt.  1600  m.,  November  1899, 
seeds  collected  in  Veitch  Expedition;  specimens  from  Hort.  Veitch,  June  1911, 
No.  1315,  type;  mountains  north  of  Mengtze,  A.  Henry  (No.  10785). 

A  handsome  species  most  closely  allied  to  C.  coriacea  Franchet,  which  has  obo- 
vate,  rounded  more  coriaceous  leaves.  In  Henry's  specimen  the  leaves  are  rather 
smaller,  more  obtuse,  and  the  calyx  shows  a  tendency  towards  becoming  glabrescent. 
From  C.  pannosa  Franchet,  with  which  it  has  been  confounded  in  cultivation, 
its  larger,  more  coriaceous,  shining  green  leaves  and  larger  corymbs  readily  dis- 
tinguish it. 


I 


ROSACE  AE.  —  COTONE  ASTER  175 

Western  Hupeh:  A.Henry  (No.  5752,  type);  Hsing-shan  Hsien 
alt.  1600  m.,  thickets,  July  1907  (No.  2182;  bush  2-4  m.  tall);  Patung 
Hsien,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  woodlands,  June  1907  (No.  2183;  bush  2-2.5 
m.  tall).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  mountains,  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1384,  flowers  and  ripe  fruit;  bush  3  m.). 

In  it3  much  larger  leaves,  pubescent  on  both  surfaces  and  of  softer  texture,  in  its 
more  densely  villose  branches  and  ovoid  fruits,  this  Hupeh  plant  differs  distinctly 
from  Cotoneasler  salicifolia  Franchet  and  its  varieties.  It  seems  better  to  regard 
it  as  a  distinct  species  rather  than  an  extreme  form  of  that  species. 

We  have  given  a  complete  description  of  this  species,  since  Schneider,  when  he 
established  it  as  a  variety  of  Cotoneasler  rugosa  Pritzel,  gave  only  a  few  distinguish- 
ing characters.  In  Fedde's  Repertorium  cited  above,  Schneider  refers  this  plant 
to  the  typical  Cotoneasler  salicifolia  Franchet,  a  view  which  to  us  is  quite  untenable. 

On  No.  1384  (Veitch  Exped.)  Schneider  (1.  c.)  based  his  Cotoneasler  rugosa,  var. 
Pritzelii.  The  specimen  in  the  Herbarium  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum  bearing  that 
number  is  typical  Cotoneasler  Henrijana  and  does  not  in  the  least  agree  with  Schnei- 
der's description.  The  only  specimen  we  have  seen  which  shows  any  approach  to 
Schneider's  var.  Pritzelii  is  from  a  plant  cultivated  in  the  Veitchian  nurseries  and 
distributed  under  the  name  of  Cotoneasler  rugosa,  var.  Henryi. 

Cotoneaster  rhytidophylla  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis  ramis  robustis;  ramuli  hornotini  tomento  ad- 
presse  villoso  lanuginoso  flavescente  dense  vestiti,  annotini  sparse 
villosi,  obscure  fusci  v.  griseo-fusci.  Folia  coriacea,  partim  persis- 
tentia,  elliptico-oblonga  v.  ovato-oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  3-5.5, 
plerumque  4-5  cm,  longa  et  1-2  cm.  lata,  acuminata,  basi  attenuata, 
margine  revoluta,  supra  luteo-viridia  manifeste  rugosa,  initio  sparse 
pilosa,  demum  glabrescentia  et  subnitentia,  subtus  dense  tomento 
lanuginoso-villoso  flavescente  obtecta,  reticulata,  nervis  utrinsecus 
5-8  supra  valde  impressis,  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  robusti,  3-5  mm. 
longi,  dense  flavo-tomentosi;  stipulae  membranaceae,  subulatae, 
sparse  villosae,  rubescentes,  deciduae.  Fructus  immaturus,  auran- 
tiaco-ruber,  pyriformis,  6  mm.  longus  et  4  mm.  diam.,  5-12  in  corymbis 
densis  2.5-3  cm.  diam.  et  1.5-2  cm.  longis,  pedicellis  brevissimis  ut 
pedunculi  dense  flavescenti-villosis ;  pyrenae  3-4,  triangulari-obo- 
voideae,  5-6  mm.  longae  et  3-3.5  mm.  diam.,  ventre  carinatae,  stylum 
in  apice  v.  paullo  infra  gerentes,  dorso  vix  sulcatae,  hypostylio  circiter 
trientem  dorsi  occupante  viUosulo. 

Western    Szech'uan:     Wa-wu-shan,    Hung-ya  Hsien,    on    cliffs, 

alt.  1300  m.,  September  1908  (No.  2184). 

A  strikingly  distinct  species,  most  nearly  related  to  C.  salicifolia  Franchet,  from 
which  it  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  strongly  wrinkled  leaves  densely  clothed  with 
thick  yellowish  tomentum  beneath,  by  the  similar  tomentum  of  the  branchlets  and 
by  the  pyriform  fruit  with  3  or  4  stones. 


176  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Cotoneaster  Dammeri  Schneider,   III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.   I.   760, 
fig.  429  h-k  (1904);   in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  222  (1906). 
Cotoneaster  humifusa  Duthie  apud  Veitch,  Hart.  Veitchii,  396  (1906). 

Western  Hupeh:  without  locahty,  June  and  October  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1966,  type);  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1300  m.,  uplands, 
November  1907  (No.  481;  prostrate  over  rocks,  etc.). 

Cotoneaster  Dammeri,  var.  radicans  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk. I.  760,  fig.  428  a-b  (1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  222 
(1906). 

Cotoneaster  radicans  Dammer  in  Herb.  Berol.  ex  Schneider,  1.  c.  (synon.)  (1906). 

A  typo  praecipue  differt  inflorescentiis  1-2-floris  1-1.5  cm.  longis, 
foliis  saepe  obovatis  longius  petiolatis  petiolis  3-7  mm.  longis 
gracihbus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  uplands,  June 
and  October,  1908  (No.  1071;  prostrate  shrub):  without  locality, 
rocks,  alt.  2600  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3510). 

The  character  on  which  Schneider  founded  this  variety  breaks  down,  but  the 
long  peduncles  and  pedicels  and  constantly  one  or  two  flowered  racemes  separate 
it  from  the  Hupeh  form.  The  Hupeh  plant  has  constantly  shorter  pedicels  and 
peduncles.  Schneider's  original  description  of  the  inflorescence  fits  the  variety 
better  than  it  does  the  type  judging  by  the  specimens  we  have  before  us. 

The  fruit  is  globose  and  bright  scarlet,  and  the  normal  habit  of  the  plant  prostrate 
and  rooting.  When  hanging  down  free  from  the  soil  over  cliffs  the  rooting  habit 
is  arrested. 

Cotoneaster  microphylla  Wallich  apud  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XIII,  t. 
1114  (1827).  — Baker  in  Refug.  Bot.  II.  49  (1896). —  Hooker,  f., 
Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  387  (1878).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 
I.  760,  fig.  428  f-h,  429  g  (1906). 

We  have  seen  no  specimens  from  China  which  are  identical  with  the  type. 

Cotoneaster  microphylla,  var.  cochleata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Cotoneaster  buxifolia,  forma  cochleata,  Franchet,  PL  Delavay.  224  (1890). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 
2300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2189;  prostrate  over  rocks,  flowers 
white). 

Cotoneaster  microphylla,  var.  vellaea  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Cotoneaster  buxifolia,  forma  vellaea  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  224  (1890). 


I 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PYRACANTHA  177 

Western  Szech'u an:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  2i88,  growing  appressed  to  rocks,  or  hanging  over  cliffs,  flowers 
white). 

This  variety  is  well-marked;  its  small  leaves  are  pubescent  on  both  surfaces 
and  the  margins  are  very  little  reflexed. 

Here  may  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  species  of  which  neither  the  ripe 
fruits  nor  the  petals  are  known  and  which  therefore  cannot  with  absolute  certainty 
be  referred  to  one  of  the  sections. 

Cotoneaster  breviramea  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  60-75  cm.  altus  ramosissimus  ramis  brevibus  plus  minus  tortuosis;  ramuli 
hornotini  annotinique  breviter  villoso-tomentosi,  vetustiores  obscure  grisei,  in- 
novationes  plurimi  brevissimi  internodiis  minimis  v.  fere  nullis,  inde  rami  ob 
bases  pctiolorum  persistentes  dense  verrucosi.  Folia  subcoriacea,  partim  persis- 
tentia,  elliptica  v.  elliptico-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula,  plerumque 
mucronulata,  basi  cuneata,  8-15  mm.  longa  et  4-6  mm.  lata,  supra  initio  dense 
villosa,  tarde  glabrescentia,  demum  nitidula,  minute  reticulata,  subtus  tomento 
villoso  albido  obtecta,  utrinsecus  nervis  cireiter  2  supra  obsoletis  subtus  leviter 
elevatis;  petioli  dense  villosi,  1-2  mm.  longi;  stipulae  membranaceae,  subulatae, 
villosae,  1-1.5  mm.  longae.  Flores  terminates,  subsessiles,  plerimique  soUtarii, 
rarius  bini,  rarissime  terni,  basi  bracteis  subulatis  villosis;  calycis  tubus  ovoideo- 
turbinatus,  cireiter  4  mm.  longus,  adpresse  villosus,  dentes  late  triangulares  acuti, 
1  mm.  longi;  petala  desunt;  stamina  20,  sepalis  longiora;  carpidia  2,  apice  dense 
villosa.    Fructus  desiderantur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  locality,  exposed  rocks,  alt.  1800  m.,  July  1903, 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3513). 

This  species,  which  in  its  habit  and  general  appearance  is  unlike  any  other 
species,  most  resembles  C  microphylla,  var.  vellaea  Rehder  &  Wilson,  but  the  leaves 
are  larger  and  longer  and  much  more  hairy  on  the  upper  surface  and  the  habit  la 
quite  different. 


PYRACANTHA    Roem. 

Determined  by  E.  H.  Wilson. 

P3rracantha  crenulata  Roemer  in  Fam.  Nat.  Syn.  III.  220  (1847).  — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  761,  fig.  430  c-d,  431  g-h  (1906). 

Mespilus  Pyracantha  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  320  (non  Linnaeus)  (1790). 
Crataegus  crenulata  Roxburgh,  Hort.  Beng.  38  (nomen  nudum) (1814). 
Mespilus  crenulata,  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  238  (1825). 
Crataegus  crenulata  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  II.  509  (1832).  —  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg. 

XXX.  t.  52  (1844). 
Crataegus  pyracantha,  var.  crenulata  Loudon,  Arh.  Brit.  II.  844  (1838). 
Pyracantha  chinensis  Roemer,  Fam.  Nat.  Syn.  III.  220  (1847). 
Cotoneaster  crenulata  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  175  (1869). 
Sportella  atalantoides  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XV.  207  (1877). 
Crataegus  Pyracantha  Hemsley  in  Journ.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  260  (non  Medikus) 

(1887). 


178  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Cotoneaster  Pyracantha  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX  386  (non  Spach)  (1900).  — 
Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giom.  Bot.  Ital.,  nuov.  ser.  XVII.  288  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  abundant,  alt. 
300-1300  m.,  May  and  December  1907  (No.  662;  bush  1-3  m.  tall, 
flowers  white,  fruit  scarlet);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  roadside  thickets, 
alt.  1000-1300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2984;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers 
white);  Fang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300  m.,  June  1907  (No. 
2986;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Fang  Hsien,  July  1901 
( Veitch  Exped.  No.  349) .  WesternSzech'uan:  Valley  of  Min  river, 
Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  and  November  1908 
(No.  2985;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  orange-scarlet);  Mt. 
Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  4871,  4871  a).  Yunnan: 
Mengtsze,  alt.  1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10625). 

An  exceedingly  common  shrub  very  variable  in  size  and  texture  of  leaves  but 
always  with  glabrous  inflorescence  and  flowers.  In  shape  the  leaves  are  fairly 
constant  but  vary  much  in  degree  of  crenation.  The  fruits  vary  from  red  to  orange- 
Bcarlet;  the  leaves  are  commonly  used  as  "Tea."  No.  2984  has  very  thin  leaves; 
No.  2986  has  elliptic-oblong  leaves,  5-8  cm.  long,  very  sparingly  toothed  and 
subglaucous  below. 


CRATAEGUS    L. 

Determined  by  C.  S.  Sargent. 

Crataegus  hupehensis  Sargent,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  v.  frutex  3-5-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  tenues  glabri,  annotini 
patentes,  fusci  v.  purpureo-f usci ;  spinae  rectae  1.5  cm.  longae.  Folia 
membranacea,  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata  v. 
rotundata,  serrata  dentibus  incurvis  glandulosis,  supra  medium  3-  v. 
4-lobata,  lobis  acutis  v.  acuminatis,  supra  nitida,  sparse  villosa,  demum 
glabrata,  subtus  glabra,  in  axillis  nervorum  barbata,  8-10  cm.  longa, 
4.5-8  cm.  lata;  petioU  tenues  glabri,  eglandulosi,  3.5-5  cm.  longi;  sti- 
pulae  foliaceae,  lanceolatae  v.  cordato-falcatae,  glanduloso-serratae, 
deciduae.  Corymbus  multiflorus,  compactus,  glaber,  pedicellis  4-5 
mm.  longis;  flores  1-1.2  cm.  diam.;  calycis  tubus  campanulatus 
glaber,  lobis  brevibus  triangularibus  apiculatis  integris  glabris  post 
anthesin  reflexis;  stamina  20  antheris  carneo-roseis;  styli  5,  basi 
tomento  pallido  circumdati.  Fructus  subglobosus,  atroruber,  conspicue 
punctatus,  2.5  cm.  latus,  2  cm.  longus;  calyx  persistens,  tubo  lato 
vadosoque  in  fundo  sparse  tomentoso,  lobis  adpressis  persistentibus 
V.  deciduis;  pericarpium  crassum,  succulentum,  edule;  pyrenae  5,  10 


ROSACEAE.  —  CRATAEGUS  179 

mm.  longae,  6  mm.  latae,  apice  rotundatae,  basi  acutae,  dorso  obtuso- 
costatae,  hypostylio  angiistissimo,  3^  ventris  partem  occupante. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1000-1800  m. 
May  and  October,  1907  (No.  446),  June  5,  1907  (No.  2988);  Nanto, 
April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  196) :  A.  Henry  (No.  7522). 

Like  Crataegus  pinnatifida  Bunge  in  northern  China,  C.  hupehensis  is  largely  culti- 
vated as  a  fruit  tree  in  some  districts  in  Hupeh.  Specimens  with  young  flower-buds 
and  only  half-grown  fruits  collected  by  D.  Macgregor  in  the  vicinity  of  Ningpo  in 
1908,  judging  by  the  flower-buda  of  the  spring  branch,  may  belong  to  this  species, 
but  the  very  immature  fruit  is  distinctly  obovate. 

Crataegus  kulingensis  Sargent,  n.  sp.  ^  ^.  4^^i^^^^^^^^  ^^J  •  / 

Frutex  3-7-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  tenues,  recti,  rubidi,  nitidi; 
annotini  fusco-aurantiaci,  lenticellis  numerosis  oblongis  albidis;  spi- 
nae  rectae,  sparsae,  1-1.2  cm.  longae.  Folia  membranacea,  ovata 
V.  obovata,  acuminata  v.  acuta,  basi  cuneata  in  petiolum  alatum 
decurrentia,  serrata  dentibus  acuminatis  incurvis  glanduloso-apicu- 
latis,  supra  medium  3-4-lobata  lobis  latis  acuminatis,  supra  glabra 
nitida,  subtus  villosa,  ad  costam  nervosque  densissime;  petioli  tenues, 
sparse  villosi,  eglandulosi,  1.5-2  cm.  longi;  stipulae  foliaceae,  cordatae, 
glanduloso-serratae,  persistentes.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  (imma- 
turus?)  subglobosus,  sed  latior  quam  longus,  apice  truncatus,  basi 
rotundatus,  atroruber,  nitidus,  conspicue  punctatus,  1  cm.  longus, 
1.2  cm.  latus;  calyx  persistens,  tubo  lato  vadosoque,  lobis  acuminatis 
serratis  supra  medium  sparse  villosis  reflexis;  pericarpium  crassum, 
succulentum;  pyrenae  3,  extremitatibus  obtusis,  dorso  costatae  costis 
carinatis,  6  mm.  longae,  hypostylio  angusto,  3^  partem  ventris 
occupante. 

Kiangsi;  Kuling,  not  common,  alt.  800-900  m.  August  1,  1907 
(No.  1526). 

Mr.  Wilson's  specimens  differ  from  those  of  all  other  eastern  Asiatic  species  in 
the  shape  of  the  leaves  which  are  probably  densely  tomentose  early  in  the  season, 
and  at  midsummer  are  distinctly  villose  especially  on  the  midribs  and  veins,  and  I 
have  given  it  a  name  in  spite  of  the  absence  of  flowers. 

Crataegus  cuneata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Miinch.  2,  IV. 
130  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  22)  (1846).— Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XIX.  176  (1873);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  175  (1873).— 
Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  11  (1878).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus. 
s^r.  2,  V.  118  {PI.  David.  I.  118)  (1884).  —  Lavall^e,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez. 
13,  t.  5  (1885).  —  Lange,  Rev.  Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi,  83.  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  793,  fig.  453  s-v,  454  a-c  (1906). 


180  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Mespiliis  cuneata  K.  Koch  in  Wochenschr.  Gaertn.  Pflanzenk.  V.  338  (1862). 

Kiangsi:  Kiukiang:  alt.  1300m.  July  28, 1907  (No.  1524;  bush 
1-1.3  m.  high;  thickets,  abundant).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and 
south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1000-1300  m.  June  9,  1907  (No.  2989;  shrub 
30-75  cm.  high;  anthers  flesh  pink;  common).  Chekiang:  vicinity 
of  Ningpo,  D.  Macgregor,  1908.  Fokien:  Dunn's  Expedition  to 
Central  Fokien  (No.  2599).     Southern  Japan  (teste  Maximowicz). 

Crataegus  sanguinea  Pallas,  Fl.  Ross.  I.  225  (1784).  —  Ledebour, 
Fl  Alt.  II.  221  (1830);  Fl.  Ross.  II.  88  (1844-46).  — Ruprecht  in  Bull. 
Phys.  Math.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XV.  363  (1857).—  Maximowicz 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XIX.  176  (1873);  in  Mel  Biol.  IX. 
175  (1873).  — Lange,  Rev.  Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi.  69  (1897). 

Mespilus  purpurea  Poiret  in  Lamarck,  Encijcl.  Meth.  Suppl.  iv.  73  (1816). 

Crataegus  glandulosa  De  CandoUe,  Prodr.  IV.  627  (quoad  plantas  sibiricas;  non 
Willdenow  nee  Michaux)  (1825). 

Mespilus  sanguinea  Spach,  Hist.  Veg.  II.  62  (1834).  —  K.  Koch,' Dendr.  I.  151 
(1869). 

Mespilus  cosansaki  K.  Koch  in  Wochenschr.  Gaertn.  Pflanzenk.  V.  396  (1862); 
in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  249  (1863-84). 

Crataegus  sanguinea,  a  genuina  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters^ 
bourg,  ix.  101  {Prim.  Fl.  Amur.)  (1859).  —  Kegel  in  Mern.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, scr.  7,  IV.  pt.  iv.  58  (Tent.  Fl.  Ussur.)  (1861).  —  Korshinsky  in  Act. 
Hart.  Petrop.  XII.  334  (1892).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  771, 
fig.  437  (^g,  438  d-f  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  9, 
1908  (No.  2987). 

This  specimen  with  only  partly  grown  fruit  is  very  doubtfully  referred  to  this 
widely  distributed  northern  Asiatic  species.  Some  of  the  leaves  of  Mr.  Wilson's 
specimen  are  broad  and  rounded  and  others  cuneate  at  the  base,  while  those  of  the 
eastern  Siberian  plant,  so  far  as  I  have  seen  them,  are  cuneate  at  the  base. 

Crataegus  Wilsonii  Sargent,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-7-metralis;  ramuli  tenues,  tortuosi  v.  recti,  fusco-auran- 
tiaci,  hornotini  tomento  villoso-albido  vestiti,  vetustiores  puberuli 
V.  glabri;  spinae  numerosae  rectae  v.  leviter  curvatae,  robustae,  1-2.5 
cm.  longae.  Folia  membranacea,  ovata  v.  obovata,  acuta  v.  obtusa, 
basi  lata  rotundata,  subcordata  v.  cuneata,  in  petiolum  alatum  decur- 
rentia,  serrata  dentibus  rectis  acuminatis  glandulosis,  supra  medium, 
4-5-lobata  lobis  latis  rotundatis  v.  acutis,  juniora  supra  villosa,  infra 
dense  tomentosa,  4-5  cm.  lata,  matura  supra  glabra  nitida,  subtus 
sparse  villosa;  petioli  villosi  demum  glabrati,  eglandulosi,  1.5-2  cm. 
longi;  stipulae  lanceolatae  v.  ovatae,  falcatae,  acuminatae,  glanduloso- 


ROSACEAE.  —  CRATAEGUS  181 

serratae,  deciduae.  Corymbus  multiflorus,  compactus,  villosus, 
bracteis  foliaceis  falcatis  glanduloso-serratis  post  anthesin  persis- 
tentibus,  pedicellis  sparse  villosis,  5  mm.  longis;  flores  1-1.2  cm. 
diam.;  calycis  tubus  obconicus,  sparse  villosus,  lobis  acuminatis  intua 
pubescentibus  post  anthesin  reflexis;  stamina  20,  antheris  carneo- 
roseis;  styli  2  v.  3,  rarissime  1,  basi  tomento  pallido  circumdati.  Fruc- 
tus  breviter  oblongus,  coccineus,  nitidus,  1  cm.  longus,  6-7  mm.  latus; 
calyx  persistens,  tubo  angusto  profundo  in  fundo  tomentoso,  lobis 
reflexis;  pericarpium  crassum  succulentum;  pyrenae  1-3,  6-7  mm. 
longae,  4  mm.  latae,  extremitatibus  latae  obtusae,  dorse  obtuse 
costatae,  ventre  profunde  cavatae,  hypostylio  angusto  Y2  partem 
ventris  occupante. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2200  m.  May  27 
and  September,  1907,  June  15,  1910  (No.  285). 

This  plant  is  of  special  interest  because  it  is  the  first  species  of  the  great  American 
group  of  To7nentosae  which  has  been  found  in  the  Old  World.  It  thus  forms  another 
important  link  between  the  floras  of  eastern  Asia  and  eastern  North  America. 
It  has  the  small  late  flowers,  the  small,  soft  and  succulent  fruit,  and  the  obtuse 
nutlets  deeply  grooved  on  their  inner  faces,  peculiar  to  the  American  species.  The 
thin  leaves  with  veins  only  slightly  impressed  on  the  upper  surface  place  it  with 
C.  tomentosa  Linnaeus  and  the  other  thin-leaved  species  of  the  group  which  are 
abundant  in  the  Mississippi  valley  but  are  rare  east  of  the  Appalachian  Mountains 
and  do  not  extend  to  the  Rocky  Mountains. 

A  photograph  of  C.  Wilsonii  will  be  found  under  No.  082  of  Wilson's  photo- 
graphs. 


SPECIERUM  ASIAE  ORIENTALIS  ENUMERATIO. 

*  Pyrenae  venter  planus, 
t  Nervi  in  loborum  apicem  excurrentes. 

Sect.  1.    HENRYANAE,  n.  sect. 

Folia  membranacea,  serrata,  longe  petiolata,  petiolis  tenuibus,  eglandulosis. 
Flores  parvi;  calycis  lobi  triangulari,  apiculati,  integri;  stamina  20.  Frutex  sub- 
globosus,  amplus;  calyx  persistens,  tubo  lato  vadosoque;  pyrenae  3-5.  Arbores 
ramulis  tenuibus,  spinis  paucis. 

1.  Crataegus  Henryi  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXV.  494  (1903).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  770,  f.  435,  1-6  (1906). 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  1650-2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9426,  9426A,  9426B). 

2.  Crataegus  hupehensis  Sargent.     See  p.  178. 

3.  Crataegus  kulingensis  Sargent.    See  p.  179. 

Sect.  2.  CUNEATAE  Rehder  in  Vilmorm  &  Bois,  Frut.  Yilmorin.  105  (pro 
parte)  (1904). 

4.  Crataegus  cuneata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini.    See  p.  179. 


182  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

tt  Nervi  in  loborum  apicem  et  in  sinus  excurrentea. 
Sect.   3.   PINNATIFIDAE  Zabel  in  Beissner,  Schelle  &  Zabel,  Handb.  Laubholz.- 
Ben.  178  (1893). 

5.  Crataegus  pinnatifida  Bunge  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pitershourg,  II.  100 
(Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1831).  —  Ruprecht  in  Bull.  Phys.  Math.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Petersbourg,  XV.  131,  364  (1851). — Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
IX.  101  (Pnm.  Fl.  Amur.)  (1859).  —  Kegel  in  Gartenfl.  XI.  204,  t.  366  (1862).— 
Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  VIII.  313  (1870).  — Korshinsky  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  334 
(1892).  —  Lange,  Rev.  Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi,  36  t.  3,  B  (1897). —Henry  in  Rev. 
Hort.  1901,  309,  t.  fig.  2.  —  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII.  466  {Fl  Man- 
churiae)  (1904). 

Mespilus  pinnatifida  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  152  (1869). 

Crataegus  oxyacantha,  var.  pinnatifida  Hegel  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  I.  118  {Rev. 

Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi)  (1871-72). 
Crataegus  pinnatifida,  var.  typica  Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  769,  fig. 

435  a-f,  436  a-g  (1906). 

Eastern  Siberia  to  Korea  and  northern  China. 

Crataegus  pinnatifida,  var.  major  N.  E.  Brown  in  Gard.  Chron.  n.  ser.  XXVI. 
621,  fig.  121  (1886).  —Henry  in  Rev.  Hort.  1901,  t.  fig.  1. 

Crataegus  Korolkoivii  Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  770,  fig.  435  g-h, 

436  e-h  (non  Henry)  (1906). 

Often  cultivated  for  its  fruit  in  the  neighborhood  of  Peking  and  in  Korea. 
This  plant  does  not  appear  to  be  known  in  a  wild  state.  It  is  aborescent  in 
habit,  while  the  type  is  usually  shrubby ;  the  leaves  are  larger  and  the  much  larger 
fruit  is  distinctly  obovate,  not  short-oblong  as  in  the  type.  With  our  present 
knowledge  of  the  Chinese  Crataegi  it  seems  best,  however,  to  consider  this  a  vigor- 
ous large-fruited  form  developed  by  selection  and  long  cultivation. 
**  Pyrenae  venter  plus  minus  rugosus  v.  cavatus. 

t  Nervi  in  loborum  apicem  excurrentes. 
Sect  4.   SANGUINEAE  Zabel  in  Beissner,  Zabel  &  Schelle,  Handb.  Laubholz.- 
Ben.  174  (pro  parte)  (1903). 

Eusanguineae  Rehder  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  iii.  [1904]. 
t  Fructus  sanguineus. 

6.  Crataegus  sanguinea  Pallas,  see  p.  180. 

7.  Crataegus  Maximowiczii  Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  1. 771,  figs.  437  a-b', 
438  f.  a-c  (1906).  —Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXV.  816  {Fl.  Manchuriae) 
(1907). 

Crataegus  sanguinea,  /3  villosa  Ruprecht  in  Bull.  Phys.  Math.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Petersbourg,  XV.  131  (1857).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, IX.  101  {Prim. Fl.  Amur.)  (1859).  —  Regel  in  Mim.  Acad.  Sci. St.  Peters- 
bourg, 8&T.  7,  IV.  pt.  iv.  58  {Tent.  Fl.  Ussur.)  (1861).  —  Fr.  Schmidt  in  Mem. 
Acad.  Sd.  St.  Petersbourg,  sor.  7,  XII.  No.  2,  128  {Fl.  Sachalin.)  (1868).  — 
Korshinsky  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  334  (1892).  —  Palabin  in  Act.  Hort. 
Petrop.  XIV.  118  (1895). 
Eastern  Siberia  to  Saghalin  and  Korea. 

8.  Crataegus  dahurica  Koehne,  Herb.  Dendr.  No.  389.  —  Schneider,  HI.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  I.  773,  fig.  437  n-o,  438  g-i  (1896). 

Crataegus  purpurea  Bosc  apud  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II.  628  (1825).  — Watson, 
Dendr.  Brit.  1. 1.  60  (1825).  —  Loudon,  Arb.  Brit.  II.  822,  fig.  582  (1838). 
Eastern  Siberia. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  CRATAEGUS  183 

tt  Fructus  niger. 

9.  Crataegus  chlorosarca  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  LIV.  20  (1879).  — 
Lange,  Rev.  Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi,  88  (1897).  —  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Pelrop.  XXII. 
471  {Fl.  Manchuriae)  (1904).  —Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  773,  fig.  437 
p-q,  438  n-o  (1906). 

Saghalin  to  Korea  and  northern  Japan. 

10.  Crataegus  dsungarica  Lange,  Rev.  Spec.  Gen.  Crataegi,  43  (1897).  — Schnei- 
der, III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  774,  fig.  437  k-m,  438  g-i.    (1906). 

Crataegus  pinnatifida,  a  songarica  Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  447  (1903). 
Mespilus  dsungarica  Hort.  apud  Dieck  Cat.  Hort.  Zoschen,  1885,  49  (nomen 
nudum). 
Shan-tung:   August  1907,  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  285).    Eastern  Siberia. 
Meyer's  specimen  is  without  flowers  or  fruit,  but  the  leaves  closely  resemble 
those  of  C.  dsungarica  cultivated  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  and  obtained  from 
Spilth's  Nursery  in  Berlin.    I  have  not  seen  wild  specimens  from  Siberia. 
Sect.  5.    TOMENTOSAE  Sargent  in  Rhodora,  iii.  77  (1901). 

11.  Crataegus  Wilsonii  Sargent.     See  p.  180. 

tt  Nervi  in  loborum  apicem  et  in  sinus  excurrentes. 

Sect.  6.  OXYACANTHAE  Zabel  m  Beissner,  Schelle  &  Zabel,  Handb.  Laub- 
holz.-Ben.  175  (1903). 

12.  Crataegus  chitaensis  Sargent,  n.  sp. 

Frutex;  ramuli  tenues,  tortuosi  v.  recti,  glabri,  rubri,  nitidi;  spinae  rectae, 
tenues,  rubrae  1-1.2  cm.  longae.  Folia  membranacea,  ovata,  acuminata  basi  trun- 
cata  v.  cuneata,  in  petiolum  decurrentia,  glanduloso-serrata,  supra  luteo-viridia, 
nitida,  subtus  palUda,  glabra,  in  axillis  nervorum  sparse  barbata,  3-4  cm.  longa 
et  lata,  profunde  trilobata,  lobis  lateraUbus  patentibus  acuminatis  rectis  v.  recurvis, 
lobo  medio  majore  trilobulato  lobulis  acuminatis  rectis,  nervis  in  loborum  apicem 
et  in  sinus  excurrentibus;  petioU  tenues,  glabri,  biglandulosi;  1-1.5  cm.  longi; 
Btipulae  fohaceae,  3-lobatae,  glanduloso-serratae,  persistentes.  Florea  ignoti. 
Fructus  subglobosus  v.  breviter  oblongus,  rubro-aurantiacus,  6-7  mm.  longus,  5-6 
mm.  latus;  calyx  persistens,  tubo  angusto  profundo  in  fundo  dense  tomentoso, 
lobis  reflexis  rubris;  pericarpium  succulentum;  pyrenae  3,  6  mm.  longae,  3  mm. 
latae,  apice  rotundatae,  basi  acutae,  dorso  obtuse-costatae,  ventre  profunde  cavatae 
cavis  orbiculatis. 

Eastern  Siberia:  bottom-lands  of  the  Chita  River,  Chita,  C.  S.  Sargent, 
August  12,  1903. 

The  shape  of  the  leaves  of  this  plant  suggests  a  small-leaved  form  of  C.  pinnati- 
fida Bunge  which  does  not  appear  to  extend  as  far  east  as  the  valley  of  the  Chita 
River,  but  the  cavities  in  the  ventral  faces  of  the  nutlets  separate  it  from  that 
species  and  place  it  with  the  Oxyacanthae.  The  shape  of  the  leaves  is  so  different 
from  those  of  all  forms  of  the  species  of  this  group  that  even  without  the  flowers  I 
do  not  hesitate  to  describe  it.  Geographically  C.  chitaensis  is  of  considerable  in- 
terest as  it  is  the  only  species  of  this  group  reported  from  eastern  Asia. 
Sectio  incerta. 

13.  Crataegus  Komarovii,  nov.  nom. 

Crataegus  tenuifolia  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XVII.  435  (non  Britten) 
(1901);  XXII.  470  {Fl.  Manchuriae)  (1904). 
Northern  Korea. 


184  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

OSTEOMELES    Lindley. 

Determined  by  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Osteomeles  Schwerinae  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  762, 
fig.  430  m,  431  o-r  (1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  III.  222  (1906). 

Osteomeles  anthyllidijolia  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  227  (non  Lindley)  (1890). — 
Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXX.  t.  7354  (1894). 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  1500-1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9315, 
9315^  type).  Western  Szech'uan:  banks  of  Yangtsze  river  near 
city  of  Sui  Fu,  alt.  360  m.,  April  1908  (No.  2371;  bush  1-1.60  m.  tall, 
flowers  white):  Min  valley,  around  Mao-chou,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
May  and  September  1908  (No.  1016;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  white, 
fruits  black  with  purple  bloom) ;  cliffs  on  Yangtsze  near  Sui  Fu,  April 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3518);  Tung  valley,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3518"). 

This  western  Chinese  species  is  readily  distinguished  from  the  insular  Osteo- 
meles anlhyllidifolia  Lindley  by  its  smaller  and  narrower  leaves,  smaller  flowers, 
glabrescent  calyx  and  glabrous  fruit.  Osteomeles  suhrotunda  K.  Koch  in  Ann. 
Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  250,  figured  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXVII.  t.  2644,  appears  to  be 
more  closely  related  to  0.  anthyllidifolia  Lindley  than  to  0.  Schwerinae  Schneider. 

In  our  No.  1016  the  calyx  is  glabrous  or  nearly  so  and  the  sepals  shorter  than 
in  the  type.  No.  3518  Veitch  Exped.  has  much  larger  flowers  than  the  type  and 
they  are  commonly  soUtary. 

In  Szech'uan  this  plant  is  restricted  to  the  river-valley  where  a  dry,  hot  climate 
obtains. 

PHOTINIA  Lindl. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Photinia  serrulata  Lindley  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  103  (excl.  syn. 
Crataegus  glabra  Thunberg)  (1821).  —  Kemsley  in  J ourn.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXXIII.  263  (1887).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  707,  fig. 
390  a-b,  391  a-b.  (1906). 

Crataegus  glabraLoddigea,  Bot.  Cab.  III.  t.  248  (1818). —Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XL  VII. 

t.  2105   (1820).  — Savi,  Ft.  Ital.  II.  13,  t.  45   (1822).  —  Loiseleur,  Herb. 

Amat.  VIII.  t.  554  (1827).  —  Drapiez,  Herb.  Amat.  VI.  398  (1833). 
Mespilus  glabra  Colla,  Hort.  Ripul.  90  t.  36  (excl.  descript.)  (1824). 
Crataegus  serratifolia  Desfontaines,  Cat.  Hort.  Paris,  ed.  3,  408  (1829). 
Photinia  glabra,  var.  chinensis  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 

XIX.  179  (1873):  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  179  (1873). 
Photinia  pustulata  S.  Moore  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  138  (1878). 


ROSACEAE.  —  PHOTINIA  185 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.  July  1907  (No.  1676;  bush 
2  m.  tall).  Western  Hupeh:  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  300-1000  m., 
May  and  October  1907  (No.  449;  bush  or  tree  3-10  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  fruits  scarlet);  without  precise  locality,  April  and  October 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  167,  391,462  a.).  Eastern  Szech'uan: 
South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  1490).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mt. 
Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4873);  without  precise  locality, 
A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1697).  Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908, 
D.  Macgregor.  Yunnan:  Mi-le  district,  A.  Henry  (No.  9899); 
Mengtze,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9899  b,  9795);  Linan,  A.  Henry  (No. 
10576). 

A  very  common  evergreen  bush  or  small  tree  throughout  the  warm-temperate 
parts  of  China,  varying  considerably  in  the  size  and  shape  of  its  leaves.  The 
only  figure  we  have  found  of  the  true  Photinia  glabra  Maximowicz  {Crataegus 
glabra  Thunberg)  is  published  by  Shirasawa,  Icori.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  1. 83  t.  47,  fig.  13-24 
(1900).  All  the  early  figures  appear  to  us  to  belong  to  the  Chinese  plant,  Photinia 
serrulaia  Lindley. 

It  is  possible  that  Henry's  Yunnan  specimens,  which  are  all  in  fruit,  belong  to 
Photinia  Lindleyana  Wight  &  Arnott,  but  the  distinctions  between  these  two 
species  are  not  very  obvious. 

Photinia  Davidsoniae  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-15-metrans  coma  densa  valde  ramosa;  ramuli  hornotini 
laxe  adpresse  villosuli,  annotini  glabri,  initio  aurantiaco-rubri,  demum 
purpureo-rubri,  vetustiores  cinerei;  gemmae  acutiusculae,  minutae, 
vix  1  mm.  excedentes.  FoHa  persistentia,  coriacea,  oblanceolata  v. 
oblonga,  rarissime  elliptica,  acuminata  v.  acuta,  basi  cuneata,  6-15 
cm.,  plerumque  10-12  cm.  longa  et  3-4.5  cm.  lata,  margine  leviter 
revoluta,  serrulata  serraturis  glanduliferis,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitidula, 
initio  pilis  brevissimis  conspersa,  mox  glabra,  subtus  pallidiora,  initio 
praesertim  secus  costam  adpresse  villosa,  mox  glabra,  costa  supra 
impressa,  subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  ascendentibus  sub- 
tus vix  elevatis.  Corymbus  terminalis  multiflorus,  10-12  cm.  diam.; 
axes  secundarii  graciles,  teretes,  sparse  villosuli,  infimi  saepe  sub- 
verticillati;  pedicelh  1.5-1  mm.  longi,  villosuli;  bracteae  bracteolaeque 
membranaceae,  minutae,  caducae;  flores  10-12  mm.  diam.,  albi; 
calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  3.5  mm.  diam.,  extus  sparse  adpresse  vil- 
losulus,  dentes  erecto-patentes,  late  triangulares,  circiter  1  mm.  longi, 
plerumque  acutiusculi,  mucronulati,  utrinque  villosuH;  petala  patentia, 
orbicularia,  3.5-4  mm.  diam.,  apice  rotundata,  basi  breviter  ungui- 
culata,  glabra;  stamina  20,  2-serialia,  petalis  dimidio  breviora; 
ovarium  semisuperum,  biloculare,  apice  dense  villosum;  styli  2,  inde 


186  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

a  medio  connati,  stamina  superantes,  basi  villosi,  stigmate  applanato 
saepe  capitate.  Fructus  aurantiaco-ruber,  globosus  v.  subglobosus, 
7-10  mm.  longus,  glaber,  calycis  dentibus  persistentibus  incurvis; 
semina  2-A,  obscure  brunnea,  ovoidea,  4-5  mm.  longa,  utrinque 
acutiuscula. 

Western  Hupeh:  near  Ichang,  alt.  300-600  m.,  April  and  Decem- 
ber 1907  (No.  685,  type);  south-west  of  Ichang,  alt.  300  m.,  Novem- 
ber 1907  (No.  484);  mountains  south  of  Ichang,  May  and  October 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  167  a,  391  a,  462);  Ichang  and  immediate 
neighborhood,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1649,  7604). 

Allied  to  Photinia  serrulata  Lindley,  which  has  prominent  winter-buds  3-4  mm. 
in  diameter,  perfectly  glabrous  and  somewhat  thicker  leaves,  the  petioles  2-4  cm. 
long,  perfectly  glabrous  shoots  and  inflorescence,  smaller  flowers  about  6-7  mm.  in 
diameter  and  smaller  ovoid  fruits  about  5  mm.  in  diameter,  with  the  branches  of 
the  inflorescence  shorter,  rather  thick  and  angular  in  the  dried  state. 

This  new  Photinia  is  one  of  the  handsomest  evergreen  trees  in  central  China 
and  is  commonly  planted  around  shrines  and  tombs.  The  short  interior  branches 
are  frequently  spinescent.  The  name  "Tung-ching"  (winter-green)  is  sometimes 
applied  to  this  tree,  but  this  name  properly  belongs  to  Xylosma  raccmosum  Miquel. 
A  photograph  of  this  tree  will  be  foimd  under  No.  678  of  Wilson's  photographs.^ 

Photinia  villosa  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II.  631  (1825). —Sargent  in 
Garden  &  Forest  I.  67,  fig.  12  (1888). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk.  I.  710,  fig.  392  h-i,  393  c-f  (1906). 

Crataegus  villosa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  204  (1784). 

Stranvaisia  digyna  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad.  Miinch,  IV.  2.  129   {Fl. 

Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  21)  (1845). 
Pourthiaea  villosa  Decaisne  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  X.  147,  149  (1874). — 

Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  I.  t.  29,  fig.  1-13  (1900). 
Pourthiaea  Cotoneaster  Decaisne,  1.  c. 

Photinia  variabilis  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  263  (pro  parte)  (1887). 
The  type  does  not  occur  in  central  or  western  China. 

Photinia  villosa,  var.  sinica  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
Arbor  6-8-metralis,  gracilis;  ramuli  hornotini  sparse  villosi,  anno- 
tini  glabri,  fusco-rubri,  vetustiores  grisei,  lenticellati ;  gemmae  ovoideae, 
acutiusculae,  circiter  2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Foha  membranacea, 
decidua,  elliptica  v.  oblongo-elliptica,  rarius  oblongo-obovata,  acumi- 
nata, basi  cuneata,  rarissime  subrotundata,  4.5-8  cm.  longa  et  1.8-4 
cm.  lata,  minute  et  argute  serrulata,  serraturis  mucronulatis,  supra 
laete  viridia,  initio  sparse  villosa,  demum  glabra,  subtus  palHdiora, 

^  This  species  is  named  for  Mrs.  Henry  Davidson  of  the  Friend  Foreign  Mission, 
Chengtu,  Szech'uan,  as  a  mark  of  esteem  and  in  grateful  remembrance  of  services 
rendered  after  my  serious  accident  in  the  autumn  of  1910.  —  E.  H.  Wilson. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PHOTINIA  187 

sparse  laxe  villosa  praesertim  ad  nervos,  demum  interdum  glabra  v. 
fere  glabra,  utrinsecus  nervis  4-6  subtus  ut  costa  elevatis;  petioli  2-5 
mm.  longi,  villosi.  Racemus  v.  corymbus  5-8-,  rarius  ad  15-florus,  laxe 
villosus,  ramulos  breves  terminans;  axes  secundarii  plerumque  sim- 
plices,  rarius  3-flori;  pedicelli  graciles,  1.5-3  cm.  longi,  fructiferi  mani- 
feste  verrucosi;  flores  albi,  1.5  cm.  diam.;  calycis  tubus  late  turbinatus, 
circiter  5  mm.  diam.,  cinereo-villosus,  dentes  patentes,  late  triangulares, 
2-2.5  cm.  longi,  extus  dense,  intus  sparse  villosi  v.  fere  glabri;  petala 
patentia,  orbicularia,  circiter  5  mm.  diam.,  apice  rotundata,  basi 
breviter  unguiculata;  stamina  20,  petalis  breviora;  ovarium  semi- 
superum,  apice  villosum;  styli  3,  fere  ad  basin  liberi,  glabri.  Fructus 
ovoideus  v.  ovoideo-pyriformis,  14-16  mm.  longus  et  9-11  mm.  diam., 
aurantiaco-scarlatinus,  glaber,  calycis  dentibus  erectis  villosulis  coro- 
natus;  semina  obovoidea,  4-5  mm.  longa,  obscure  brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  and  Novem- 
ber 1907  (No.  6io,  type);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1500  m..  May 
and  October  1907  (No.  333);  Changyang Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1300 
m..  May  1907  (No.  2972);  without  locality  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  714, 
flowering  branch  only);  A.  Henry  (No.  7724).  Kiangsi:  Ruling, 
side  of  stream,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1666). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  thinner,  generally  elliptical,  leaves, 
the  larger  and  fewer  flowers  and  fruits  and  the  racemose  very  rarely  (No.  2972) 
corymbose  inflorescence.    The  specimen  from  Kiangsi  has  glabrous  leaves. 

Photinia  Beauverdiana  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boiss.  ser.  2,  VI. 
319  (1906);   Ul.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  710,  fig.  393  p-q  (1906). 
Pourthiaea  villosa  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  389  (non  Decaisne)  (1900). 

Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  5599,  type).  West- 
ern Hupeh  :  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1600  m..  May  1907  (No.  2974; 
bush  6  m.  tall,  flowers  white) ;  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
May  1907  (Nos.  2970,  2971;  bush  3-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Nan-to, 
May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  794) ;  Patung  Hsien,  June  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1000);  without  locality  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  964);  A. 
Henry  (Nos.  5599 ^  6268).  Kiangsi:  foot-hills  below  Ruling,  alt. 
300  m.,  August  1907  (No.  1672;  tree  6  m.  tafl,  very  bushy). 
Szech'uan:  North  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  7095). 

Very  common  as  a  small  slender  tree  in  woods  and  copses.  The  leaves  vary 
considerably  in  size  and  shape  and  the  inflorescence  is  also  variable  in  size.  The 
branches,  inflorescence  and  flowers  are  always  glabrous.  The  Kiangsi  specimen 
has  very  prominent  veins  and  the  leaves  are  almost  subglaucous  below.  A  pho- 
tograph of  P.  Beauverdiana  will  be  found  under  No.  580  of  Wilson's  photographs 
and  also  in  his  Vegetation  0/  Western  China,  No.  334. 


188  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Photinia  Beauverdiana,  var.  notabilis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Photinia  notabilis  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  711,  (1906). 

Western  Hup'eh:  without  locality,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  359,  type) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300  m.,  October  1907 
(No.  468;  thin  tree  6  m.  tall,  fruit  orange-red);  Fang  Hsien,  alt. 
1300-2000  m.,  November  1907  (No.  629;  thin  tree  6  m.  tall,  fruits 
red);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1907  (No. 
2969;  thin  flat-topped  tree  10  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Chang-lo  Hsien, 
woods,  alt.  1000-1500  m..  May  and  July  1907  (No.  2973,  in  part;  tree 
6  m.  tall,  flowers  white). 

This  variety  has  rather  thicker,  more  prominently  veined  leaves  and  longer 
corymbs  than  the  type,  but  with  the  mass  of  material  before  us  we  cannot  maintain 
it  as  a  distinct  species.  The  leaves  on  our  specimens  measure,  excluding  the 
petiole,  9-12  cm.  Schneider  cites  for  this  variety  leaves  9-13  cm.  long;  otherwise 
our  specimens  fit  his  description  exactly. 

p,/>^t.vt-*"-^''**^^'  Photinia  Schneideriana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  circiter  6-metralis,  gracilis;  ramuli  hornotini  laxe  villosi, 
demum  glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri,  purpureo-fusci,  vetustiores 
grisei,  lenticellati;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acutiusculae,  atro-brunneae, 
glabrae.  Folia '  decidua,  membranacea,  oblongo-lanceolata,  rarius 
oblongo-elliptica,  longe  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  6-11  cm.,  plerum- 
que  8-9  cm.  longa  et  2-5.5  cm.,  plerumque  3-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra 
luteo-viridia,  initio  sparse  villosula,  mox  glabra,  subtus  pallidiora, 
tomento  laxo  villoso  facile  detergendo  sed  ad  maturitatem  persistente 
obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-15  utrinque  leviter  elevatis;  petioli  6- 
10  mm.  longi,  initio  villosi,  demum  glabri.  Corymbus  terminalis, 
multiflorus,  5-7  cm.  diam.,  laxe  et  sparse  villosus;  axes  secundarii  gra- 
ciliter  pedunculati,  3-9-flori;  pedicelli  3-8  mm.  longi,  glabri,  fructiferi 
verrucosi;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  2-2.5  mm.  longus  et  4  mm. 
diam.,  glaber,  nigrescens  (in  sicco),  dentes  erecto-patentes,  semi- 
orbicularia,  mucronulati,  circiter  1  mm.  longi,  intus  sursum  pilosus; 
petala  patentia,  suborbicularia,  4-4.5  mm.  longa  et  3.5-4  mm.  lata, 
apice  rotundata,  basi  brevissime  unguiculata,  glabra;  stamina  20, 
petalis  subaequilonga;  ovarium  semisuperum,  apice  villosum;  styli 
2-3,  triente  superiore  excepta  connati,  glabri.  Fructus  ovoideus,  10 
mm.  longus  et  8  mm.  diam.,  scarlatinus,  glaber,  dentibus  persistentibus 
suberectis  v.  plus  minus  incurvis  coronatus;  semina  plerumque  2-3, 
ovoidea,  5-6  mm.  longa,  utrinque  acutiuscula,  obscure  brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh:    Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-1600 


ROSACEAE.  —  PHOTINIA  189 

m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No.  476,  type);   Chang-lo  Hsicn,  woods, 
alt.  1000-1500  m.,  May  1907  (No.  2973  in  part,  flowers  only). 

Allied  to  Photinia  Beauverdiana  Schneider,  which  has  glabrous  shoots,  differently 
shaped  leaves,  puberulent  below  and  glabrous  above,  and  slenderer  peduncles  and 
pedicels. 

Photinia  parvifolia  Schneider  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  711,  fig. 
392  0-0'   (1906). 

Pourthiaea  parvifolia  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX  389  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  5830,  type  number,  in  part); 
north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  May  and 
October  (No.  445;  bush  5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  red);  Patung, 
June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1001).  Szech'uan:  South  Wushan, 
A.  Henry  (No.  5517);  Nan-ch'uan,  Tao-kuo-kow,  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  211). 

Photinia  subumbellata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-3-metralis  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  glabri,  fusco-rubri, 
vetustiores  grisei,  lenticellati;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acutae,  3-4  mm. 
longae,  obscure  castaneae.  Folia  decidua,  membranacea,  brevissime 
petiolata,  elliptico-ovata  v.  rhombico-ovata,  acuminata,  saepe  subito, 
basi  late  cuneata  v.  fere  rotundata,  4-6.5  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata, 
argute  serrulata,  supra  initio  sparsissime  villosa,  laete  viridia  nitidula, 
subtus  pallidiora  v.  glaucescentia,  glabra;  petioli  1-2  mm.  longi. 
Racemus  umbelliformis  sessilis,  2-9-florus,  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium 
lateralium  basi  foliis  2-3  approximatis  sustentus;  pedicelli  graciles 
1-2.5  cm.  longi,  lenticellati,  glabri;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  circiter 
3  mm.  longus,  glaber,  nitidulus,  dentes  patentes,  late  ovati,  mucronati, 
circiter  1.5  mm.  longi,  intus  sursum  sparse  pilosi;  petala  patentia, 
orbicularia,  5-6  mm.  diam.,  brevissime  unguiculata,  apice  rotundata, 
intus  ad  basin  sparse  pilosa;  stamina  20,  petalis  triente  breviora; 
ovarium  semisuperum,  apice  dense  villosum;  styli  2-3,  triente  superi- 
ore  excepta  connati,  apice  divergentes,  circiter  5  mm.  longi,  stamina 
paullo  superantes.  Fructus  ellipsoideus,  9-12  mm.  longus  et  7-9  mm. 
diam.,  aurantiaco-ruber  v.  obscure  ruber,  purpureo-pruinosus,  sepalis 
persistentibus  suberectis  coronatus;  semina  plerumque  2-3,  ovoidea, 
acutiuscula,  basi  quasi  stipitata  et  curvata,  obscure  brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh;  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1300  m..  May  and  October 
1907  (No.  488,  type);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  stream,  alt.  1600- 
2000  m.,  October  1907  (No.  398);  without  precise  locahty,  ^1.  Henry 


190  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

(Nos.  4064,  6370,  7664).  Szech'uan:  A.  Henry  (No.  5518).  Kiangsi: 
Ruling,  side  o^  streams,  alt.  800-1300  m.,  July  and  August  1907 
(Nos.  1664,  1673). 

A  well-marked  species  easily  recognized  by  its  sub-umbellate  inflorescence 
subtended  by  2  to  3  crowded  subaessile  leaves,  and  by  the  comparatively  large  flowers 
on  slender  glabrous  pedicels. 

Photinia  amphidoxa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Stranvaesia  amphidoxa  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boiss.  s^r.  2,  VI.  319  (1906); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  713,  fig.  394  k-1  (1906). 

Szech'uan:  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5565,  type,  5565^  7389).  Western 
Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1500  m.,  June  and  October 
1907  (No.  405;  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  scarlet);  Chang- 
yang Hsien,  woodlands,  1000-1300  m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No. 
465,  flowering  branch  only;  bush  3  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  without 
locahty  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  714,  fruiting  branch  only). 

Schneider  placed  this  species  into  Stranvaesia  probably  on  account  of  its  five 
styles,  but  neither  the  number  of  styles  nor  the  greater  or  lesser  degree  of  union 
between  the  back  of  the  carpels  and  the  caljrx-tube  can  be  made  a  character  of  gen- 
eric distinction  between  the  genera  of  the  Pomaceae.  The  fruit  seems  to  us  to  agree 
exactly  with  that  of  the  section  Pourthiaea  of  Photviia  except  in  the  complete  union 
of  the  carpels  to  the  calyx.  It  has  the  same  granulose  flesh,  thin  papery  walls, 
not  separating  or  splitting  and  no  central  cavity,  at  least  we  have  not  been  able 
to  detect  in  the  fruit  or  in  the  young  ovary  the  free  central  space  as  found  in  Stran- 
vaesia. In  the  scarlet  color  of  the  fruit  and  the  rugulose  or  verruculose  epidermis 
it  agrees  also  with  Photinia,  while  Stranvaesia  has  an  orange-red  or  coral-red  fruit 
with  smooth  epidermis.  Schneider  refers  to  this  species  a  fruiting  specimen  col- 
lected by  A.  von  Rosthorn,  and  gives  the  measurements  of  the  fruit  as  9:  8  mm., 
but  in  our  specimens  the  fruits  measure  about  14  mm.  in  diameter;  they  are  sub- 
globose,  dark  scarlet,  very  sparingly  villose  or  nearly  glabrous  except  at  the  apex; 
the  persistent  caljrx-teeth  are  incurved;  the  apex  of  the  core  is  villose  and  alinost 
flat;  the  granulose  mesocarp  does  not  separate  clearly  from  the  endocarp,  which  ia 
5-ceIled  with  thin  papery  walls;  the  seeds  are  about  6  mm.  long,  oblong-obovate, 
narrowed  at  both  ends,  particularly  at  the  almost  stipitate  and  slightly  curved  base. 

Here  may  be  added  the  description  of  three  new  species  based  on  material  of 
other  collections  than  those  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum  Expedition. 

Photinia  glomerata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-10-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  villoso-tomentosi,  annotini  glabri,  pur- 
pureo-fusci;  gemmae  obtusae,  1-2  mm.  longae,  pubescentes.  Folia  subcoriacea, 
decidua,  anguste  oblonga  v.  oblongo-oblanceolata,  breviter  saepe  subito  acumi- 
nata, basi  cuneata  saepe  obliqua,  12-18  cm.  longa  et  5.5-6  cm.  lata,  margine 
leviter  revoluta,  serrulata  serraturis  glanduliferis,  supra  luteo-viridia,  glabra  costa 
media  initio  villosula  excepta,  subtus  pallidiora,  ad  costam  tantum  villosa  demum 
glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  costa  supra  immersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  12-18  subtus  eleva- 
tis  ut  costa;  petioli  2-3  cm.  longi,  adpresse  villosi.  Corymbus  terminalis,  6-10  cm. 
diam.,  dense  villoso-tomentosus,  bracteis  bracteolisque  lanceolatis  villosis  3-5  mm 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PHOTINIA  191 

longis  caducis;  axes  secundarii  paniculiformes,  pedunculo  quam  panicula  bre- 
viore,  floribus  parvis  subsessilibus  glomerulatis;  flores  circiter  4  mm.  diam.,  albi, 
fragrantes;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  1  mm.  longus  et  2  mm.  diam.  villosus,  dentes 
erecti,  minuti,  acutiusculi,  extus  villosi;  petala  patentia,  concava,  orbicularia, 
2-2.5  mm.  diam.,  apice  rotundata,  basi  breviter  unguiculata,  intus  basin  versus 
sparse  villosa;  stamina  20,  petalis  subaequilonga;  ovarium  semisuperum,  apice 
dense  villosum;  styli  2,  stamina  fere  aequantes,  glabri  basi  villosa  excepta,  inde  a 
medio  connati,  stigmate  applanato.  Fructus  ruber,  ovoideus,  5-7  mm.  longus, 
sepalis  persistentibus  incurvis,  apice  applanatus  et  basi  villosulus;  semina  ovoidea, 
2.5-3  mm.  longa,  acutiuscula,  obscure  brunnea. 

Yunnan:  forests  around  Szemao,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  A.  Hennj  (Nos.  11716, 
flowers,  11716  a,  fruits). 

A  very  handsome  species  well  characterized  by  its  nearly  sessile  clustered  flowers 
and  allied  to  Photinia  Griffithii  Decaisne,  which  has  different  foliage  and  inflores- 
cence, pedicellate  flowers,  obovate  petals  and  pubescent  styles. 

Photinia  lancifolia  Rehder  «&:  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  laxe  adpresse  villosi,  mox 
glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri,  fusco-purpurei,  lenticellati;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acu- 
tiusculae,  2-3  mm.  longae.  Folia  decidua,  demum  subcoriacea,  oblongo-lanceolata 
V.  anguste  oblongo-lanceolata,  rarius  oblonga,  acuminata,  rarius  acuta,  basi  anguste 
cuneata,  5-9  cm.,  plerumque  6-8  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.8  cm.  lata,  adpresse  argute 
serrulata  basi  excepta,  dentibus  minute  mucronulatis,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitidula, 
glabra  v.  initio  ad  partem  inferiorem  sparse  villosa,  subtus  pallidiora,  glabra  parte 
inferiore  costae  initio  sparse  villosa  excepta,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10  subtus  ut 
costaelevatis;  petioU  4-8  mm.  plerumque  5  mm.  longi,  initio  villosi,  demum  glabri. 
Cormybus  terminalis  satis  densus,  2.5-4  cm.  diam.,  villosus,  bracteis  bracteolisque 
membranaceis  lanceolatis;  3-6  mm.  longis  caducis;  axes  secundarii  plerumque 
3-flori,  pedunculo  0.5-1.5  cm.  longo,  infimi  saepe  subverticillati;  pedicelli  3-5  mm. 
longi,  fructiferi  verruculosi,  glabri;  flores  albi,  1.2-1.5  cm.  diam.,  calycis  tubus  tur- 
binatus, 3  mm.  longus  latusque,  villosus,  dentes  erecti,  late  triangulares,  plerumque 
mucronati,  circiter  1  mm.  longi,  extus  villosi,  intus  glabri;  petala  patentia,  or- 
bicularia, concava,  5  ram.  diam.,  apice  rotundata  plerumque  leviter  emarginata, 
basi  breviter  unguiculata,  rarius  late  cuneata,  glabra;  stamina  20,  petalis  breviora; 
ovarium  semisuperum,  apice  dense  villosum;  styli  3,  Uberi  v.  basin  versus  connati. 
Fructus  subglobosus,  6-8  mm.  longus,  glaber,  sepalis  persistentibus  incurvis;  semina 
plerumque  2,  ovoidea,  utrinque  plus  minusve  acutiuscula,  circiter  5  mm.  longa, 
obscure  brunnea. 

Yunnan:  near  Meng-lieh,  alt.  1100  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  12833,  type);  Szemao, 
alt.  1300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  13412). 

A  well-marked  species  with  characteristic  willow-like  leaves  glabrous  even  when 
very  young.  It  is  most  closely  allied  to  the  Indian  Photinia  arguta  Decaisne,  but 
differs  in  many  respects  from  all  the  forms  of  this  variable  species. 

Photinia  berberidifolia  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  60  cm.  altus;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  adpresse  villosuH,  annotini  glabri 
epidermate  opaco  cinereo  decorticante  et  corticem  purpureo-fuscum  detegente. 
Foha  persistentia,  coriacea,  approximata,  obovata  v.  oblongo-obovata,  acuta, 
interdum  rotundata,  basi  cuneata,  2-5  cm.  longa  et  1-2  cm.  lata,  spinoso-serrata 
dentibus  patenti-erectis  utrinque  8-15  glandula  minuta  brunnea  terminatis, 
margine  leviter  revoluta,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra,  nitentia,  subtus  pallidiora  dense 
adpresse  villosa,  secundo  anno  fere  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-10  fere  rectis  plerum- 
que in  dentes  exeuntibua  supra  leviter  inmaersis  subtus  elevatis  ut  costa;   petioli 


192  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

2.5-4  mm.  longi,  villosi,  demum  glabri;  Btipulae  lineari-Ianceolatae,  petiolum 
fere  aequantes,  utrinque  plerumque  dentibus  2-4  adpressis.  Corymbus  terminalis, 
leviter  convexus  v.  fere  planus,  2.5-3  cm.  diam.,  axibus  subangularibus  villosia,  brac- 
teis  bracteolisque  persistentibus  lineari-lanceolatis  plerumque  pauciserratis  dentibua 
ut  apex  glandula  brunnea  terminatis,  inferioribua  plerumque  foliaceis,  glabrescenti- 
bus;  axes  secundarii  3-1-flori;  pedicelli  2-5  mm.  longi;  flores  albi,  9-10  mm. 
diam.;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  3  mm.  diam.,  extus  sparse  villosus,  dentes  sub- 
erecti,  late  ovati,  obtusi,  glandula  brunnea  mucronati,  rarius  dentibus  minutia 
paucis  instructi,  intus  glabri,  extus  sparse  villosi  v.  glabri;  petala  patentia,  sub- 
orbicularia,  plerumque  leviter  emarginata,  3.5  mm.  diam.;  stamina  20,  petalis  fere 
dimidio  breviora;  ovarium  semisuperum  apice  dense  villoso,  biloculare;  styli  2,  con- 
nati  ad  medium  usque  villosi,  staminibus  pauUo  breviores.    Fructus  desiderantur. 

A  very  distinct  species  which  seems  nearest  to  Eriobotrya  prionophylla  Franchet. 
In  general  appearance  it  greatly  differs  from  all  other  Photinias.  The  leaves 
particularly  by  their  venation  recall  those  of  Eriobotrya,  but  are  much  smaller,  and 
the  inflorescence  bears  some  slight  resemblance  to  that  of  Raphiolepis.  It  may  not 
belong  to  Fhotinia  at  all,  but  as  long  as  the  fruit  is  unknown,  it  may  provisionally 
find  its  place  here,  as  it  agrees  in  the  structure  of  its  flower  perfectly  with  Fhotinia. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tung  Valley,  very  rare,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3508). 

STRANVAESIA  Lindl. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson.' 

Stranvaesia  Davidiana  Decaisne  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  X.  179 
(1874). 

Stranvaesia  Henryi  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  52  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan;  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  cliffs, 
alt.  2300  m.,  June  and  October  (No.  1064;  bush  1.25-3  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  fruit  scarlet);  Mount  Omei,  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3505;  bush  1-3.5  m.  tall);  Mount  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  4872;  bush  6  m.  tall). 

Number  3505  agrees  exactly  with  Diels'  description  of  his  S.  Henryi,  but  with  the 
several  specimens  before  us  we  are  unable  to  separate  it,  from  S.  Davidiana  Decaisne. 
Here  also  probably  belongs  Henry's  No.  11,325  from  Yunnan,  which  has  thinner  and 
broader  leaves  than  the  type  and^longer  petioles. 

Stranvaesia  Davidiana,  var.  imdulata,  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Stranvaesia  undulata  Decaisne  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  X.  179  (1874).  — 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  264  (1887).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  I.  713,  fig.  394  f-i  (1906).  — Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVIII.  t. 
8418,  (1912). 

Western  Hup'eh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m.,  July  and  October  (No.  382;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white, 
fruit  coral-red):  Pao-kang  Hsien,  August  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1067).      Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  5698). 


•^^<H. 


ROSACEAE.  —  ERIOBOTRYA  193 

An  exceedingly  common  shrub  in  Hupeh  and  very  variable.  It  is  distinguished 
from  the  type  by  its  usually  much  smaller  leaves  and  nearly  glabrous  flowers,  but 
some  specimens  before  us  have  leaves  nearly  as  large  as  those  of  the  type  and  are 
only  slightly  less  hairy;  it  seems  questionable  whether  the  form  ia  entitled  even 
to  varietal  rank. 

Here  may  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  variety  from  Yunnan  of  Stran- 
vaesia  nussia  Decaisne  (S.  glaucescens  Lindley). 

Stranvaesia  nussia,  var.  oblanceolata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  longis  petiolatis  angustioribus  et  longioribus,  plerumque 
oblanceolatis  v.  oblongo-oblanceolatis  8-15  cm.  longis  et  2-4.5  cm.  latis,  inflorescentiis 
plerumque  laxioribus  glabris,  calyce  glabro  rarius  sparse  floccoso-villosulo. 

Yunnan:  forests  around  Szemao,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  11615, 
11615  a,  11615  b,  11615  e,  11615  f). 

This  variety  seems  to  resemble  in  the  shape  of  its  leaves  S.  nussia,  var.  angusti- 
folia  (Decaisne)  Schneider,  which  we  have  not  seen,  but  which  we  must  assume  has  a 
villose  inflorescence,  as  Decaisne  gives  the  narrower  leaves  as  the  only  distinguishing 
character. 


ERIOBOTRYA  Lindl. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Eriobotrya  japonica  Lindley  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  102  (1821).  — 
Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  182,  t.  97  (1835). 

Mespilus  japonica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  206  (1784).  —  Ker  in  Bot.  Reg.  V.  t. 

365  (1819). 
Crataegus  Bibas  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  319  (1790). 
Photinia  japonica  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Fl.  Jap.  1.  142  (1875). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  300-1000  m., 
April  and  November  (No.  3000;  tree  5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  fra- 
grant, fruit  orange);  without  locaUty,  A.  Henry  (No.  5343). 

Very  generally  cultivated  throughout  Hupeh  and  Szech'uan,  also  spontaneous 
on  the  cliffs  around  Ichang. 

The  fruit  of  E.  japonica  is  figured  by  Decaisne  without  calyx  and  described  as 
umbilicate  at  the  apex;  Schneider  also  states  that  the  caljrx  is  deciduous  and  figures 
the  fruit  exactly  as  Decaisne  does.  We  find  in  our  specimens  a  persistent  calyx 
with  incurved  teeth  which  agrees  with  the  figures  quoted  above  and  with  other 
figures  we  have  seen.  Also  the  other  species  of  this  genus  have,  as  far  as  we  have 
seen  fruits,  a  persistent  calyx. 

Eriobotrya  grandiflora  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  parva,  6-metralis  ramis  robustis;  ramuli  hornotini  dense 
tomento  rufo  ad  secundum  annum  persistente  obtecti,  vetustiores 
obscure  griseo-fusci.  Folia  persistentia,  coriacea,  oblonga,  rarius 
oblongo-oblanceolata,  plerumque  apice  rotundata  et  subito  in  acumen 
brevissimum  producta,  rarius  breviter  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  10-16 


194  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

cm.  longa  et  3.5-5.5  cm.  lata,  margine  revoluta,  remote  adpresse  ser- 
rata  dentibus  incurvis  glandula  conica  terminatis,  initio  floccoso- 
tomentosa,  cito  utrinque  glabra,  luteo-viridia,  subconcoloria,  utrinque 
nitentia,  supra  elevato-reticulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  fere  rectis 
in  dentes  exeuntibus  subtus  elevatis  trabeculis  leviter  elevatis  con- 
junctis;  petioli  2.5-4  cm.  longi,  sursum  lamina  decurrente  alati,  initio 
floccoso-tomentosi,  mox  glabri.  Panicula  terminalis  cum  pedunculo 
1-3  cm.  longo  10-12  cm.  longa  et  6-8  cm.  diam.,  rufo-tomentosa, 
bracteis  bracteolisque  lanceolatis  4-6  mm.  longis  tomentosis  caducis; 
axes  secundarii  inferiores  racemosi  8-3-flori,  superiores  uniflori;  pedi- 
celli  0.6-12  mm.  longi;  flores  albi,  2-2.5  cm.  diam.,  fragrantes; 
calyx  late  turbinatus,  6-7  mm.  diam.,  dense  tomentosus,  dentes  late 
triangulares,  acutiusculi,  apice  curvi,  circiter  2  mm.  longi,  intus  glabri, 
extus  tomentosi ;  petala  in  vernatione  contorta,  orbicularia  v.  obovato- 
orbicularia,  7-9  mm.  longa  et  6-8  mm.  lata,  manifeste  emarginata, 
basi  subito  contracta  et  glabra  v.  fere  glabra;  stamina  20,  petalis 
dimidio  breviora;  ovarium  totum  inferum,  apice  glabrum;  styli  3,  ad 
medium  usque  connati  et  villosi,  sursum  glabri.  Fructus  subglobosus, 
circiter  2.5  cm.  diam.,  aurantiaco-ruber,  glaber,  calycis  dentibus 
persistentibus  suberectis  coronatus;  semina  1-2,  ovoidea  v.  oblongo- 
ovoidea,  8-15  mm.  longa,  utrinque  obtusa,  testa  tenui  papyracea, 
cotyledonibus  crassis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  alt.  1600  m.,  May 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3506,  type);  Mupin,  alt.  1300  m.,  October, 
1908  (No.  2999). 

A  very  distinct  species  characterized  by  its  large  flowers  on  long  pedicels,  three 
styles  and  large,  globose,  glabrous  fruit.  In  its  three  styles  it  differs  from  all  other 
known  species  except  the  totally  different  Eriobotrya  angustissima  Hooker  f . 

The  description  of  another  new  species  from  Yunnan  and  western  Szech'uan 
may  be  added  here. 

Eriobotrya  prinoides  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Eriobotrya  bengalensis  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXIX.  446  (non  Hooker  f .) 
(1911). 

Arbor  5-8-metralis ;  ramuli  hornotini  sparse  tomentosuli,  annotini  purpureo- 
fusci,  vetustiores  griseo-fusci.  Folia  persistentia  coriacea,  oblongo-elliptica,  rariua 
ovaUa,  acuta,  rarius  obtusa  v.  subito  breviter  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  8-12  cm. 
longa  et  3.5-6.5  cm.  lata,  remote  sinuato-serrata  basi  excepta  dentibus  incur- 
Vds,  supra  laete  viridia,  initio  villosula,  cito  glaberrima,  nitentia,  subtus  dense 
adpresse  cinereo-tomentulosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  fere  rectis  partim  in  dentes 
exeuntibus  subtus  elevatis  glabrescentibus  ut  costa;  petioli  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  initio 
tomentulosi,  demum  glabri.  Panicula  terminalis,  lata,  6-10  cm.  longa  et  8-12  cm. 
diam.,  fusco-cinereo-tomentulosa,  bracteis  bracteolisque  ovatis,  3-4  mm.  longis 
caducis;   axes  secimdarii  racemosi,  iniimi  4-6  cm.  longi,  superiores  uniflori;  pedi- 


ROSACE  AE .  —  AMELANCHIER  1 95 

celli  2-5  mm.  longi;  flores  albi,  1-1.5  cm.  diam.;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  3  mm. 
diam.,  rufo-villosus,  denies  oblongo-ovati,  obtusi,  2  mm.  longi,  reflexi,  extua 
rufo-villosi,  intua  glabri;  petala  in  vernatione  contorta,  ovalia,  4-5  mm.  longa,  pro- 
funde  emarginata,  brevissime  unguiculata,  intus  ad  basin  villosa;  stamina  20,  petalis 
triente  breviora;  ovarium  semisuperum,  apice  dense  villosum;  styli  2,  rarius  3,  ad 
medium  fere  connati  v.  fere  liberi,  staminibua  dimidio  breviores,  glabri.  Fructua 
ovoideus,  9-10  mm.  longus  et  6-7  mm.  diam.,  apice  applanatus  dentibus  calycis 
persistentibus  incurvis,  villosulus;  semen  plerumque  solitarium,  ovoideum,  utrinque 
obtusum,  7-8  mm.  longum,  obscure  brunneum,  cotyledonibus  crassis. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  1500  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9878,  type).  Western  Sze- 
ch'uan:  Tung  Valley,  on  cliffs,  alt.  800  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3507). 

A  well-defined  species  with  leaves  which  recall  those  of  Quercus  Prinos  Linnaeus. 
In  the  shape  and  serration  of  the  leaves  it  resembles  E.  bengalensis  Hooker  f., 
which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  glabrous  lower  surface  of  the  leaves.  From 
E.  japonica  Lindley  and  E.  grandiflora  it  differs  distinctly  in  the  structure  of  its 
ovary  which  is  adnate  to  the  calyx-tube  only  in  the  lower  half,  the  upper  free  part 
being  densely  villose,  while  in  the  former  two  species  the  ovary  is  entirely  inferior 
and  glabrous  at  the  apex.  The  presence  of  two  or  three  styles  nearly  free  or  con- 
fluent to  above  the  middle  is  interesting  and  further  proves  the  instabiUty  of  this 
character  in  the  genus. 

AMELANCHIER    Med. 
Determined  by  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Amelanchier  asiatica  Endlicher  in  Walpers,  Rep.  II.  55  (1843). 

Aronia  asiatica  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  87,  t.  42  (1835). 
Amelanchier  canadensis,  var.  japonica  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III. 
41  (1867);   Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  229  (1867). 

Amelanchier  japonica  Hort.  ex  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  179  (synon.)  (1869). 

The  type  is  restricted  to  Japan,  Korea  and  perhaps  Mandshuria;  it  does  not 
obcur  in  China  proper. 

Amelanchier  asiatica,  var.  sinica  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholz. 
I.  736,  fig.  410  i-i',  412  c-d  (1906). 

Amelanchier  asiatica  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  389  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000-2000 
m.,  May  and  September  1907  (No.  293;  small  tree  3-6  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  fruit  black,  bark  smooth,  grey);  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woodlands, 
alt.  1000-1800  m.,  May  1907  (No.  2815;  bush  or  much-branched  tree, 
2-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white) :  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
May  1907  (No.  2816;  bush  or  small  tree,  2-8  m.  tall,  flowers  white) ; 
Chien-shi  Hsien,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  515).  Eastern 
Szech'uan:   South  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  5521). 

In  this  variety  the  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size  and  somewhat  in  shape; 
some  are  entire  and  others  very  distinctly  serrate  with  the  serrations  restricted  to 


196  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

the  upper  half  of  the  leaf.     It  is  much  less  hairy  than  the  type  and  quickly  be- 
comes glabrous. 

This  Amelanchier  is  one  of  the  commonest  and  most  beautiful  of  the  small  trees 
in  the  thickets  and  thin  woods  of  western  Hupeh. 


PRUNUS  L. 

Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

Subgen.  PADUS. 

For  the  species  of  this  subgenus  collected  by  Mr.  Wilson  and  a 
key  to  all  the  Chinese  species,  see  pp.  59-75.  It  remains  only  to  add 
here  the  determinations  of  the  specimens  of  Padus  collected  by 
Mr.  Wilson  during  his  journey  of  1910.^ 

Prunus  pubigera  Koehne,  var.  Potanini  Koehne  in  Sargent,  PI. 
Wilson.  68  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3000- 
3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4133,  tree  23-27  m.  high,  2  m.  circum- 
ference, pendulous  racemes). 

As  I  have  not  seen  foliiferous  shoots  I  have  some  doubt  whether  No.  4133 
really  belongs  to  this  variety. 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  obovata  Koehne,  1.  c.  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  3000-3300  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4036,  tree  14-16  m. 
high,  1.6-2  m.  circumference);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien, 
woods,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4185,  tree  7-12  m. 
high,  1-1.3  m.  circumference). 

Prunus  sericea  Koehne,  1.  c.  63  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  October, 
1910  (No.  4219,  tree  14  m.  high,  1.6  m.  circumference). 

1  Here  may  also  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  form  collected  by  Mr. 
Purdom. 

Prunus  Padus  Linnaeus,  var.  pubescens  Regel,  f .  Purdomii  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Ramuli  novelli  tomento  moUi  cinerascentes,  vetustiores  plus  minus  glabrati. 
Petioli  dense  pubescentes  cinerascentes,  lamina  subtus  cinereo-tomentosa.  Racemi 
pedunculus  minutim  puberulo-velutinus,  axis  ipse  glaberrimus. 

Northern  Chili:  Weichang,  May  26,  1909,  Wm.  Purdom  (No.  15). 

This  form  is  remarkable  for  the  tomentose  lower  surface  of  all  the  leaves,  while 
the  axis  of  the  raceme  is  quite  glabrous. 


EOSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  197 


Subgen.  CERASUS. 

Prunus  pulchella  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis;  rami  juveniles  striguloso-canescentes,  praeterea 
hinc  vel  undique  subaccumbenti-hirti,  annotini  glabri  v.  subglabri, 
pallida  cani  vel  fuscescenti-cani;  gemmae  2.5  mm.  longae,  subglobosae, 
glabrae.  Stipulae  3-5  mm.  longae,  oblongae  v.  lanceolatae,  glanduloso- 
denticulatae,  sub  anthesi  persistentes;  petioli  4-7  mm.  longi,  lanugi- 
noso-villosi,  glandulis  1-2  eorundem  apici  v,  laminae  basi  insidentibus; 
lamina  e  basi  emarginata  v.  rotundata  ovata  v.  obovata,  sub  anthesi 
2-5  cm.  longa,  1.3-2.5  cm.  lata,  subito  v.  caudato-acuminata,  dupli- 
cate-, basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata  dentibus  subito  tenere  acu- 
minatis  glandula  minutissima  terminatis,  supra  [laxissime  strigulosa, 
subtus  in  costa  nervisque  dense,  ceterum  sparsim  pilis  rigidulis  brevibus 
obsita,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  7-9,  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior, 
tenuiter  membranacea.  Involucrum  ante  anthesin  deciduum;  pedun- 
culi  2.5-4  cm.  longi,  pilosi;  racemi  absque  pedunculo  5-6  cm.  longi, 
coaetanei;  axis  molliter  villosus;  bracteae  circiter  5-6,  infima  plerum- 
que  sterilis,  10-13  mm.  longa,  ovata,  ceterae  fertiles  3-7  mm.  longae, 
omnes  serratae  dentibus  glandula  depresso-capitata  parva  terminatis; 
flores  4-5-racemosi,  supremis  2  tantum  umbellatis;  pedicelli  16-27 
mm.  longi,  laxe  villosi  v.  superne  glabri;  cupula  3  mm.  longa,  breviter 
lateque  campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  oblonga,  2.5  mm.  longa, 
acutiuscula,  Integra,  glabra;  petala  late  ovata,  6.5  mm.  longa,  5  mm. 
lata,  vix  eroso-denticulata,  glabra,  rosea;  stamina  25,  petalis  sub- 
aequilonga,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  1^  mm.  longum;  stylus  stami- 
nibus  1-2  mm.  longior,  usque  ad  medium  longe  villosus.    Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  roadsides,  rare,  alt.  1300- 
1700  m.,  May  10,  1907  (No.  2827). 

This  species  is  allied  to  P.  Maximowiczii  Ruprecht,  but  is  readily  distinguished 
from  it  by  the  glabrous  cupula  and  petals. 

Prunus  conadenia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  v.  frutex  arborescens,  6-10-metralis;  truncus  30  cm.  diam.; 
rami  glaberrimi,  hornotini  demum  castanei,  vetustiores  fusci  v.  ca- 
nescentes;  gemmae  3  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  circiter  3-4  mm. 
longae,  herbaceae,  glanduloso-serratae,  mense  julio  deciduae.  Petioli 
demum  12-18  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulis  saepe  2  v.  pluribus  petioli 
apici  V.  laminae  basi  insidentibus,  validis;  lamina  e  basi  cordata  v. 


198  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

rotundata  v.  in  foliis  nonnullis  subacuta  obovata,  3.5-9  cm.  longa, 
2.4-4.8  cm.  lata,  caudato-acuminata,  duplicate-,  sed  basi  apiceque 
simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus  obtusis  subito  breviter  apiculatis,  glandula 
magna  insigni  conica  terminatis,  infimis  vero  saepe  in  glandulam 
stipitatam  commutatis,  supra  initio  in  costa  nervisque  densius, 
ceterum  laxissime  strigulosa,  demum  glabra  v.  subglabra,  subtus 
glabra  v.  in  costa  pilis  singulis  rigidulis  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  8-14,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  demum  papy- 
racea.  Involucrum  ante  anthesin  deciduum;  pedunculus  0.5-1  cm. 
longus  V.  fructifer  multo  longior,  glaber;  racemi  circiter  5-8-flori,  sub 
anthesi  absque  pedunculo  2-3  cm.,  fructiferi  3.4-8  cm.  longi;  axis 
glaber;  bracteae  7-10,  infimis  plerumque  sterilibus,  sub  anthesi  2-5 
mm.,  posterius  5-10  v.  5-20  mm.  longae,  rotundatae  v.  ovatae, 
supremae  oblongae,  denticulatae,  denticulis  glandula  maxima  conica 
terminatis,  herbaceae;  pedicelli  5-10  mm.  longi,  glabri;  flores  coae- 
tanei  foliis  simul  2-4  cm,  longis;  cupula  fere  4  mm.  longa,  5  mm.  lata, 
subsemiglobosa,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  triangularia,  3.5  mm.  longa, 
acuta,  parce  gla^duloso-denticulata,  glabra;  petala  rotundato-ovalia, 
6  mm.  longa,  4.5  mm.  lata,  leviter  eroso-denticulata,  alba;  stamina 
27-28,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  8  mm. 
longum;  stylus  staminibus  subbrevior,  usque  ad  duas  tertias  partes 
laxe  V.  parcissime  villosus.  Drupa  ovata,  rubra;  putamen  oblique 
ovatum,  7:5:4  mm.,  juxta  carinam  complanatam  manifeste  oblique 
sulcatum,  apice  parce  scrobiculatum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  2823);  northeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2600  m., 
July  7,  1908  (No.  904). 

Prunus  pleiocerasus  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-8-metralis;  rami  hornotini  glaberrimi,  demum  pallida 
cano-fuscescentes,  vetustiores  pallide  cani  v.  nigricantes;  gemmae 
2.5-4  mm.  longae,  crasse  ovatae.  Stipulae  oblique  ovatae  v.  oblongae, 
3-4  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  herbaceae,  mense  julio  plerae- 
que  deciduae;  petioli  10-18  mm.  longi,  glaberrimi,  glandulis  1-4 
petioli  apici  v.  laminae  basi  insidentibus;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v. 
acuta  obovato-oblonga  v.  inverse  oblonga,  intermixtis  nonnullis  ovato- 
oblongis  V.  obovatis,  4-8.7  cm.  longa,  2-3.5(-4)  cm.  lata,  caudato- 
acuminata,  inaequaliter  sed  vix  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  glandula 
parva  conica  terminatis,  supra  pilis  minutis  nitidis  paucissimis  con- 
spersa,   dein  glabra,  subtus  glabra  v.    in  nervorum  axillis  paucis  sub- 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  199 

barbata,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-12,  supra  laete  viriclis,  subtus  paullo  v. 
manifeste  pallidior,  demum  papyracea.  Involucrum  ante  anthesin 
deciduum;  pedunculi  1-2  cm.  longi,  glabri;  racemi  absque  pedunculo 
2-5  cm.  longi,  axis  glaber;  flores  (3-)4-7,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  3.5-6 
cm.  longis;  bracteae  4-8,  infima  saepe  sterili,  rotundatae,  3-7  mm. 
longae,  denticulatae,  dentibus  glandula  conica  initio  parva,  demum 
magna  terminatis,  pedicelli  12-22  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  4  mm. 
longa  lataque,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  triangularia,  acutissima,  3  mm. 
longa,  glanduloso-ciliolata  ciliis  utrinsecus  circiter  2-4,  ceterum  gla- 
bra; petala  rotundata,  6.5  mm.  longa,  5.5  mm.  lata,  eroso-denticulata, 
alba;  stamina  31,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  6  mm.  longa;  pistillum 
10  mm.  longum;  stylus  staminibus  vix  longior,  basi  pilis  paucis  obsitus. 
Drupa  globosa,  circiter  10  mm.  diam.,  rubra  v.  fere  nigra;  putamen 
rotundatum  6-7:6:5  mm.,  valide  reticulato-sulcatum  et  scrobiculatum 
costis  interdum  baud  anastomosantibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  2500  m.,  June  and  July  1908  (No.  904^);  Sung-pan,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4013);  Nan-ch'uan,  summer 
1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (Nos.  149,  540,  sterile);  without  locality,  summer 
1891,  A  von  Rosthorn  (No.  622,  sterile). 

This  species  differs  from  P.  conadenia  Koehne  in  the  narrower  leaves  and  the 
globular  more  strongly  furrowed  and  pitted  stones.  In  No.  904**  the  fruit  is  described 
on  the  label  as  dark  red,  and  in  No.  4013  as  nearly  black,  but  also  in  No.  4013  it  ap- 
pears to  be  dark  red  in  the  dried  state.  The  really  black  fruits,  as  in.  P.  pleuroptera 
Koehne,  are  intensively  black  in  the  dried  specimens. 

Pninus  macradenia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-10-metralis;  rami  glaberrimi,  hornotini  demum  castanei, 
annotini  fusco-cinerei  v.  cinerei;  gemmae  2-2.5  mm.  longae,  ovatae, 
glabrae.  Stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  8-14  mm.  longi,  glabri,  plus  minus 
purpurascentes;  glandulae  1-2,  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  e  basi 
acuta  V.  rotundata  ovata  v.  ovato-elliptica,  4.5-6.5  cm.  longa,  2.2- 
3.5  cm.  lata,  subito  caudata,  simpliciter,  media  parte  subduplicato- 
serrata,  dentibus  brevibus  latiuscule  triangularibus,  glandulam  validam 
fuscam  triangularem  gerentibus,  supra  laxiuscula  strigulosa,  subtus 
undique  breviter  hirtella,  sed  in  costa  baud  raro  glabra,  nervis  utrin- 
secus 6-12,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  manifeste  pallidior,  adulta  papy- 
racea. Flores  ignoti.  Racemorum  fructiferorum  pedunculus  2-4  mm., 
axis  ipse  13-16  mm.  longus;  bracteae  3-4,  rotundatae  v.  obovatae, 
2-5  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-dentatae,  glandulis  inferioribus  parvulis, 
superioribus  majoribus  triangularibus;    pedicelli  3-4,  laxiuscule  hir- 


200  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

telli,  16-20  mm.  longi.  Drupa  globosa,  9  mm.  longa  9.5  mm.  diam,, 
fusco-rubra;  putamen  subrotundatum,  5.4:4.6:4  mm.,  juxta  carinam 
planam  et  juxta  suturam  costulis  brevibus  horizontalibus  v.  subre- 
curvis  munitum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Sungpan  Ting,  woods,  alt.  3000  m.,  August 
1910  (No.  4016). 

This  species  resembles  in  its  pubescence  P.  pulchella  Koehne,  but  P.  pulchella 
has  longer  racemes  and  the  glands  of  the  teeth  of  the  leaf  are  very  small.  Prunus 
pleiocerasus  Koehne  and  P.  conadenia  Koehne  differ  in  being  glabrous  and  in  their 
longer  racemes  with  more  flowers.  In  its  short  racemes  P.  macradenia  Koehne, 
somewhat  approaches  P.  tatsienensis  BataUn,  which  differs,  however,  in  the  2(-4)- 
fiowered  umbels  and  in  being  glabrous. 

Prunus  discadenia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  4-6-metralisv.arbor  10-13-metralis;  truncus  20-40  cm. diam.; 
rami  hornotini  glaberrimi,  initio  saepe  saturate  rubri,  autumno  fusci, 
vetustiores  cinerei  v.  saturate  f usco-cinerei ;  gemmae  3  mm.  longae,  gla- 
brae. Stipulae  oblongae  v.  lanceolatae,  circiter  3-4  mm.  longae,  serratae 
ac  glanduloso-fimbriolatae,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  petioli  7-18  mm. 
longi,  glabri,  interdum  saturate  rubri,  glandulis  plerumque  2  petioli  apici 
V.  laminae  basi  insertis,  validis;  lamina  e  basi  cordata  v.  rotundata 
V.  rarius  subacuta  ovata,  obovata  v.  interdum  oblongo-obovata,  4-10 
cm.  longa,  2.5-5  cm.  lata,  acuminata  v.  caudata,  inaequaliter  serrata, 
dentibus  glandula  valida  depresso-disciformi  terminatis,  glaberrima 
V.  raro  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  pilis  conspersa,  nervis  utrinsecus  cir- 
citer 8-10,  pallidis,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  demum 
subcartilaginea.  Involucri  squamae  1-4  interiores  sub  anthesi  in- 
terdum persistentes,  saepe  circiter  10-18  mm.  longae;  pedunculi 
1-2  cm.  longi,  glabri;  racemi  absque  pedunculo  3-6  cm.  longi,  axis 
glaber;  fiores  3-9,  coaetanei,  foliis  simul  ad  5-7  cm.  longis;  bracteae 
4-9,  infima  saepe  sterili,  rotundatae  ad  ovato-oblongae,  8-10  mm. 
V.  infimae  ad  25  mm.  longae,  serratae  dentibus  glandula  maxima  de- 
presso-disciformi terminatis;  pedicelli  8-23  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula 
4-5.5  mm.  longa  lataque  v.  vix  longior  quam  lata,  glabra;  sepala 
refiexa,  triangularia  acuta,  cupulam  aequantia  v.  sublongiora,  brevis- 
sime  glanduloso-fimbriolata,  ceterum  glabra;  petala  rotundata,  6-8 
mm.  longa  lataque,  eroso-denticulata,  alba;  stamina  40-47,  petalis 
aequilonga  v.  sublongiora,  majora  7-11  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm. 
longum,  stylus  stamina  aequans  v.  subbrevior,  usque  ad  medium 
parce  villosus.    Drupa  subglobosa,  circiter  9  mm.  longa,  7  mm.  diam., 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  20 1 

rubra;  putamen  ovatum,  6:4:3.5  mm.  v.  5.5:4:3.5  mm.,  sulcis  paucis 
obsoletis  juxta  carinam  planam. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien, woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  1907  (No. 
62,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to  P.  laxi- 
fiora  Koehne),  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  29  and 
July  1907  (No.  2832);  Wan-tiao-shan,  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  2000- 
2600  m.,  June  5,  1907  (No.  2829);  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600- 
2500  m.,  June  1  and  August  1907  (No.  174);  Fang  Hsien,  July  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  2075). 

Prunus  tatsienensis  Batalin,  var.  stenadenia  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  6-10-metralis  glaberrima;  rami  hornotini  adulti  intense  fusci, 
annotini  nigrescentes;  gemmae  1.5-2  mm.  longae.  Stipulae  anguste 
ovatae,  2-3  mm.  longae  glanduloso-dentatae,  herbaceae;  petioli  10- 
14  mm.  longi,  tenues,  pallidi;  glandulae  1-3,  petioli  apici  v.  laminae 
basi  insertae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  obtusa  v.  vix  unquam  subcordata 
obovato-oblonga,  in  foliis  nonnullis  ovata  v.  obovata,  3.5-6  cm.  longa, 
2.2-3  cm.  lata,  subito  caudata,  simpliciter  v.  media  parte  subduplicato- 
serrata,  dentibus  glandulam  validaan  conicam  gerentibus,  nervis 
utrinsecus  9-13,  supra  laete,  subtus  pallide  viridis.  Flores  ignoti. 
Umbellae  sub  fructificationis  tempore  pedunculo  13-14  mm.  longo 
insidentes;  bracteae  circiter  4,  inferiores  steriles,  5-8  mm.  longae, 
late  spathulatae,  superiores  2  f  ertiles  2-3  mm.  longae,  omnes  glanduloso- 
dentatae,  glandulis  anguste  oblongis;  pedicelli  gemini,  13-19  mm. 
longi.  Drupa  globosa,  11  mm.  longa,  10  mm.  diam.,  fusco-rubra; 
putamen  rotundatum,  6.5:5.5:4.8  mm.,  juxta  carinam  planam  atque 
suturam  costulis  nonnullis  brevibus  obliquis  parum  anastomosantibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2300-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4039). 

I  am  not  sure  whether  this  form  can  be  referred  to  P.  tatsienensis,  as  this  species 
bears  on  the  teeth  of  the  bracts  very  thick,  depressed  and  disk-Uke  glands.  More- 
over as  only  flowering  branches  are  known  of  P.  tatsienensis  it  is  impossible  to  com- 
pare the  flowers  and  fruits  of  these  two  forms. 

Prunus  variabilis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  v.  frutex  arborescens,  3.3-8  m.  altus;  ramuli  novelli  nunc 
glabri  nunc  basi  nunc  toti  sericeo-hirti  v.  hinc  glabri,  demum  glabres- 
centes,  vetustiores  glabri,  pallide  v.  nigrescenti-  v.  fuscescenti-cinerei; 
gemmae  1-2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  oblique  ovatae  ad  lancco- 
latae,  4-11  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae  v.  -fimbriatae,  glandulis 
capitatis,  herbaceae;  petioli  5-12  mm.  longi,  parce  rigidulo-villosi, 


202  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

glandulis  plerumque  laminae  basi,  raro  petioli  apici  insertis;  lamina 
e  basi  emarginata  v.  rotundata  v.  rarius  subacuta  obovata,  intermixtis 
rotundatis  v.  ovatis  v.  inverse  oblongis,  2-9  cm.  longa,  1.5-4.  cm.  lata, 
subito  acuminata,  simpliciter  ac  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  cuspidatis, 
glandula  minutissima  terminatis,  supra  in  costa  tenere  pilosa  ceterum 
glabra  v.  parce  strigulosa,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  plus  minus 
barbata  ceterum  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  7-10,  laete  viridis, 
subtus  subconcolor,  demum  papyracea  v.  membranacea.  Involu- 
cra  sub  anthesi  omnia  v.  pleraque  decidua;  pedunculus  4-22  mm. 
longus,  pilosus;  flores  (l-)2-3(-4)  umbellati  v.  subumbellati,  floribus 
1-2  infimis  subremotis,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  2-5  cm.  longis;  bracteae 
2-5,  rotundatae  ad  oblongae,  infima  saepissime  sterilis  ac  major,  5-16 
mm.  longa,  sequentes  3-8(-12)  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae, 
glandulis  parvis  capitatis  v.  conicis,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  pedicelli 
10-27  mm.,  fructiferi  interdum  ad  48  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  superne  v. 
toti  parce  villosi;  cupula  3.5-4  mm.  longa,  breviter  lateque  campanu- 
lata,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  triangularia  obtusa  v.  acuta,  2.5-3.5  mm. 
longa,  Integra  v.  vix  denticulata,  glabra  v.  apice  breviter  tenere  ciliata; 
petala  ovata  v.  rotundata,  7.5-9  mm.  longa,  5-8  mm.  lata,  integra 
V.  apice  leviter  crenulata,  alba  v.  rosea;  stamina  24-25,  petalis  sub- 
aequilonga,  majora  7-9  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12-14  mm.  longum; 
stylus  usque  ad  medium  villosus,  staminibus  sublongior.  Drupa 
ovalis  V.  ovali-rotundata,  circiter  11-12  mm.  longa,  7-10  mm.  lata, 
rubra;  putamen  late  obovatum  v.  rotundato-ovale,  9:7.5:6  mm., 
laevissimum. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.. 
May  and  June  1907  (No.  64) :  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  not  common, 
alt.  1300-1600  m..  May  7,  1907  (No.  2830);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt. 
1000-1300  m..  May  7,  1907  (No.  2828). 

Prunus  variabilis  can  hardly  be  distinguished  without  fruits  from  P.  pilosiuscula 
Koehne,  which  is  characterized  by  remarkably  narrow  and  distinctly  furrowed 
Btones.  It  is  equally  difficult  to  distinguish  from  P.  Rehderiana  Koehne,  P.  venusta 
Koehne  and  P.  litigiosa  Schneider,  the  stones  of  which  are  still  unknown. 

Prunus  pilosiuscula  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  tatsienensiSy  var.  pilosiuscula  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I. 
66  (1905). 

Frutex  5-metralis  v.  arbor  5-13-metralis;  truncus  20-40  cm.  diam.; 
rami  hornotini  glabri  v.  hinc  parce  v.  densius  rigidulo-pilosi  v.  prae- 
terea  basi  undique  brevissime  hirtelli,   annotini  glabri,   vetustiores 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  203 

cinerei;  gemmae  ad  2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  oblique  oblon- 
gae  V.  angustissime  lineares,  5-8  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae  v. 
fimbriatae  glandulis  capitatis  v.  oblongis,  in  innovationibus  herbaceae 
persistentes;  petioli  6-12  mm.  longi  parce  hirti  v.  glabri,  glandulis 
2  laminae  basi  rarius  petioli  apici  insidentibus,  interdum  stipitatis; 
lamina  e  basi  emarginata  v.  rotundata  v.  interdum  acuta  obovata 
V.  obovato-oblonga  intermixtis  rotundatis,  4.3-8.5  cm.  longa,  2-4.2 
cm.  lata,  subito  v.  paullatim  acuminata,  argutissime  saepe  subincise 
duplicato-  basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus  acuminatis  eglan- 
dulosis  V.  glandula  minutissima  terminatis,  supra  remote  strigulosa 
dein  glabra,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  barbata  v.  in  costa  v.  etiam 
in  nervis  hirtella  ceterum  glabra  v.  tota  facie  hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus 
7-12,  laete  viridis,  subtus  subconcolor  v.  paullo  pallidior.  Involucra 
pleraque  sub  anthesi  decidua,  6-10  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  2-10(-15) 
mm.  longus,  parce  v.  dense  pilosus;  flores  l-2(-3)  umbellati,  coaetanei 
foliis  simul  1.5-5  cm.  longis;  bracteae  (l-)2-3,  oblongae  ad  rotundatae, 
5-8  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae  glandulis  minutis  v.  capitatis  v. 
oblongis,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  pedicelli  13-30  mm.  longi,  glabri  v. 
parce  v.  interdum  densinscule  villosi;  cupula  4-5.5  mm.  longa,  breviter 
lateque  v.  subanguste  campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  triangularia  obtusi- 
uscula  V.  acuta,  2.5-3  mm.  longa,  utrinsecus  glandulis  1-3  brevissime 
stipitatis  munita,  glabra  v.  apice  parce  ciliata;  petala  ovalia,  9  mm. 
longa,  6  mm.  lata,  interdum  apice  leviter  crenulata;  stamina  20-24, 
petalis  subbreviora  v.  sublongiora,  majora  7-11  mm.  longa;  stylus 
staminibus  subbrevior,  usque  ad  fere  duas  tertias  partes  lanato-villosus. 
Drupa  oblonga,  8-9  mm.  longa,  4-5  mm.  lata,  rubra;  putamen  ob- 
longum,  7-8  mm.  longum,  3-4  mm.  latum,  juxta  carinam  leviter 
oblique  sulcatum  v.  subreticulato-costulatum. 
Western  Hupeh  and  Szech'uan.    See  the  varieties. 

Without  the  stones,  which  are  remarkably  narrow  and  distinctly,  though  sHghtly 
furrowed,  it  is  difficult  to  separate  this  species  from  P.  variabilis  Koehne,  which 
has  much  broader  and  perfectly  smooth  stones. 

Prunus  pilosiuscula,  var.  barbata  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Folia  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  barbata  ceterum  glabra,  exceptis 
interdum  innovationum  supremis  subtus  undique  pilosis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  side  of  stream,  alt. 
1000-1300  m..  May  and  Aug.  1907  (No.  i8);  north  of  Ichang,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1300  m.,  June  1907  (No  i8*);  Pa-tung  Hsien,  woods,  alt. 
1000-1300  m.,  April  and  June  1907  (No.  39);  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt. 


204  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

1300-2000  m.,  Aug.  1907  (No.  70  belongs  partly  here,  partly  to  P. 
Zappeyana  Koehae). 

Pninus  pilosiuscula,  var.  media  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Folia  subtus  in  costa,  plerumque  etiam  in  nervis  subaccumbenti- 
hirtella. 

Szeeh'uan,  A.  Henry  (No.  5604,  type  of  P.  tatsienensis  var. 
pilosiuscula  Schneider).  Western  Hupeh:  Patung,  April  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  316);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300  m.,  June,  1907 
(No.  39");  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  stream,  alt.  1300  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  16^). 

Pnmus  pilosiuscula,  var.  subvestita  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Folia  omnia  subtus  undique  sparsim  in  costa  nervisque  densius 
pilis  rigidulis  subaccumbentibus  obsita. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1300  m..  May 
and  June  1907  (No.  41). 

Pnmus  polytricha  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-metralis;  truncus  30  cm.  diam.,  ramuli  novelli  dense  rigi- 
dulo-villosi,  annotini  glabri,  cinerei;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae,  glabrae. 
Stipulae  lanceolatae  v.  oblongae,  4-10  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae 
v.  -fimbriolatae  glandulis  capitatis,  in  innovationibus  herbaceae,  per- 
sistentes;  petioli  5-10  mm.  longi,  dense  hirto-villosi  dein  paullo  gla- 
briores,  glandulis  plerumque  2  laminae  basi  v.  petioli  apici  insertis; 
lamina  e  basi  sub-acuta  v.  rotundata  v.  subemarginata  obovata  v. 
obovato-oblonga,  3.7-7.5  mm.  longa,  1.7-3.4  cm.  lata,  caudata,  dupli- 
cato-  basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus  setaceo-acuminatis, 
glandula  minuta  demum  inconspicua  terminatis,  junior  supra  sericeo- 
hirta,  subtus  in  nervis  dense  ceterum  laxius  subaccumbenti-hirsuta, 
adulta  supra  strigulosa,  subtus  brevius  hirtella,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  7-11,  laete  viridis,  subtus  parum  pallidior,  demum  papyracea. 
Involucrum  ignotum;  cupula  circiter  4  mm.  longa,  brevis  lataque, 
dense  hirtello-villosa;  sepala  3  mm.  longa,  triangularia  Integra,  acutis- 
sima,  ciliata,  ceterum  extus  parce  pilosa;  stamina  29  quorum  majora 
ad  8.5  mm.  longa;  stylus  basi  pilosus.  Pedunculus  fructifer  5-14  mm. 
longus,  hirtus;  fructus  1-2  umbellati;  bracteae  1-2,  subrotundatae, 
3-7  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae,  glandulis  capitatis,  inferioribus 
saepe  majoribus;  pedicelli  19-30  mm.  longi,  dense  hirto-villosi;  petala 
teste  Wilson  rosea   (pink).      Drupa   ovalis,   circiter  8  mm.   longa, 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  205 

5  mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  oblongum,  7:4:3  mm.,  basi  ac  juxta 
carinam  planam  costis  2-3  validiusculis  exsculptum. 

Western  Hupeh:   Patung  Hsien,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  1907 

(No.  47). 

Differs  from  all  species  of  the  sect.  Phyllocerasus  in  its  densely  pubescent 
cupula. 

Prunus  Rehderiana  Koehne,  n.  spec. 

Arbor  5-metralis  ramosissima;  ramuli  novelli  lanati  v.  villosi, 
vetustiores  glabri,  cinerei.  Stipulae  lanceolatae  v.  anguste  lineares, 
5-7  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae  glandulis  oblongis;  petioli 
sub  anthesi  3-10  mm.  longi,  supra  laxe  v.  densiuscule  villosi,  glan- 
dulis plerumque  1-2  laminae  basi,  rarius  petioli  apice  insertis;  lamina 
e  basi  rotundata  obovata,  2-4  cm.  longa,  1.1-2.2  cm.  lata,  subito  v. 
caudato-acuminata,  argute  simpliciter  v.  vix  hinc  inde  duplicato- 
serrata  dentibus  acuminatis  saepe  incurvis,  glandula  minuta  terminatis, 
supra  in  costa  villosa  ceterum  glabra,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  bar- 
bata  ceterum  glabra  v.  in  nervis  pilis  singulis  conspersa,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  8-10,  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior.  Involucrum  ante  anthesin 
deciduum;  pedunculus  circiter  3  mm.  longus,  pilosiusculus;  flores 
1-2,  umbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  2-3.5  cm.  longis;  bracteae  2, 
rotundatae,  3-5  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-denticulatae  glandulis  cras- 
siusculis  depresso-conicis  v.  disciformibus,  herbaceae;  pedicelli  9-12 
mm.  longi,  densiuscule  crispulo-villosi;  cupula  4  mm.  longa  lataque, 
late  breviter  campanulata,  ima  basi  pilosiuscula  ceterum  glabra; 
sepala  reflexa,  late  ovata  acutiuscula,  3  mm.  longa,  fimbriolis  glandu- 
losis  utrinsecus  3-5  obsita,  glabra;    petala  rotundata,  7  mm.  longa, 

6  mm.  lata,  apice  eroso-denticulata;  stamina  27,  petalis  aequilonga, 
ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  sub- 
longior,  usque  ad  medium  dense  molliter  villosus.     Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1300- 

1600  m.,  May  14,  1907  (No.  2831). 

'  As  the  fruits  are  unknown,  it  is  diflBcult  to  decide  whether  this  species  is  suffi- 
ciently distinct  from  the  other  species  of  this  group  or  to  which  species  it  is  most 
closely  related.  It  differs  particularly  from  the  allied  species  with  similarly  gla- 
brous leaves  in  the  short  and  copiously  pubescent  pedicels. 

Prunus  litigiosa  Schneider,  var.  abbreviata  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  3-6-metralis;  ramulus  novellus  basi  pubescens.  Petioli 
glabri  v.  raro  pilis  paucis  conspersi;  folia  sub  anthesi  jam  ad  4  cm. 
longa.     Pedunculus  3-7  mm.  longus,  glaber  v.  parcissime  pilosus; 


206  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

bracteae  4-6  mm.  longae;  pedicelli  6-12  mm.  longi;  sepala  interdum 
utrinque  denticula  unica  munita;  petala  5  mm.  longa,  3.5  mm.  lata, 
alba;   stamina  ad  6.5  mm.  longa;   pistillum  11  mm.  longum. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  rare!,  alt.  2000  m.. 
May  15,  1907  (No.  182,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches 
belong  to  the  totally  different  P.  Rossiana  Koehne. 

The  whole  appearance  of  this  plant,  particularly  the  shape  of  the  cupula  and 
of  the  sepals  agrees  well  with  P.  litigiosa  Schneider.  The  differences  in  the  floral 
parts  might  be  explained  by  the  fact  that  the  flowers  of  the  specimens  before  me 
are  just  beginning  to  open;  the  pedicels,  petals  and  stamens,  therefore,  may  not 
have  attained  their  full  length. 

Pnmus  involucrata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-5-metralis;  ramuli  novelli  glabri,  annotini  vetustioresque 
cinerei;  gemmae  quas  vidi  1  mm.  longae,  rotundatae,  obtusae,  glabrae. 
Stipulae  caducae;  petioU  10-12  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulis  1-2  prope 
apicem  insertis,  plerumque  latis  planis;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  late 
ovata,  7.5-9.5  cm.  longa,  4-5.2  cm.  lata,  longiuscule  subito  acuminata, 
inaequaliter  v.  hinc  inde  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  late  triangularibus 
acutis  V.  subcuspidatis,  glandula  parva  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra 
glabra,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  barbulata  ceterum  glabra,  nervis 
utrinsecus  9-11,  subtus  manifeste  pallidior  quam  supra,  papyracea. 
Involucra  sub  anthesi  arete  adhaerentia,  circiter  8-10  mm.  longa  lata- 
que,  ante  fructificationem  decidua;  pedunculus  sub  anthesi  nullus, 
sub  fructibus  3-5  mm.  longus;  umbellae  (2-)3-5-florae,  in  ramulis 
brevibus  confertissimae,  praecoces;  bracteae  absconditae;  pedicelli 
9-10  mm.  longi  inclusi  v.  subinclusi,  fructiferi  ad  19  mm.  longi,  dense 
villosi;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  breviter  latiuscule  campanulata,  usque 
ad  medium  villosa  superne  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  ovata  obtusa,  3 
mm.  longa,  integra,  ciliolata  ceterum  glabra;  petala  orbicularia,  11 
mm.  longa  lataque,  bilobo-emarginata,  sinu  lato  triangulari,  rosea. 
Stamina  43,  petalis  triente  breviora,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12  mm. 
longum,  stylus  stamina  aequans  glaberrimus.  Drupa  ovali-globosa, 
10  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  subglobosum,  7.2:6.5:5.2 
mm.,  sulcis  panels  obsoletis  obliquis  juxta  carinam  planam  exsculptum. 

Western  Hupeh:  cultivated  around  Ichang,  up  to  1000  m.  alt., 
March  and  May  1907  (No.  i). 

The  specimens  determined  by  Pampanini  (in  Nuov.  Giom.  Bot.  Ital.  XVII.  293 
[1910];  XVIII.  122  [1911])  as  P.  hirtipes  Hemsley,  namely  Silvestri's  No.  973  from 
Hupeh,  Pa-tao-ho,  alt.  1000  m.,  and  Nos.  3024  and  3024*  from  Ou-pan-chan,  alt. 
above  600  m.,  may  belong  to  P.  involucrata,  if  No.  973  is  not  to  be  referred  to 
P.  glabra  Koehne. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  .  207 

Prunus  malifolia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Ramuli  hornotini,  glabri,  cano-ochraceo-albicantes,  vetustiores 
cani;  gemmae  1-2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  deciduae;  petioli 
13-1 G  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulis  0,  sed  interdum  maculis  2  vix  tumidis 
petiolo  supra  medium  insidentibus;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  subcordata 
late  ovata  v.  obovata,  6.5-13  cm.  longa,  4-7.4  cm.  lata,  subito  anguste 
acuminata  acumine  superne  integro,  serrata,  dentibus  mediocribus, 
late  triangularibus,  simplicibus  v.  pro  parte  duplicatis,  subcuspi- 
datis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  glaberrima,  nervis  utrinsecus 
8-10,  supra  sublutescenti-viridis,  subtus  manifeste  pallidior,  tenuiter 
membranacea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  nullus;  pedicelli  fructi- 
feri  suppetentes  solitarii,  15-20  mm.  longi,  glabri.  Drupae  in  pedicello 
geminae^  rotundato-o vales,  altera  11  mm.  longa  9  mm.  lata,  altera 
6  mm.  longa,  3-4  mm.  lata,  videntur  rubrae;  putamen  drupae  majoris 
subrotundatum,  9:7.5:5.5  mm.,  sulcis  paucis  validis  obliquis  juxta 
carinam  foveolisque  paucis  obsoletis  exsculptum. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  600-1500  m,, 
1907  (No.  3;  mixed  with  flowering  and  foliiferous  twigs  of  P.  Conra- 
dinae  Koehne). 

This  species  is  in  the  leaves,  fruits  and  particularly  in  the  spots  on  the  petioles 
so  characteristic,  that  it  should  not  be  left  undescribed, 

Prunus  cyclamina  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-8-metralis ;  ramuli  novelli  glabri,  vetustiores  cani  v,  fusce- 
scentes;  gemmae  2-4  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  lineari-filiformes, 
circa  6  mm.  longae,  basi  pinnatifidae,  longe  glanduloso-fimbriatae; 
petioli  8-12  mm.  longi,  glandulis  plerumque  2,  petioli  apice  v.  laminae 
basi  insertis;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  obovata-oblonga,  4.5-10  cm. 
longa,  2.7-4.5  cm.  lata,  subito  anguste  acuminata,  argutissime  sim- 
pliciter  et  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  subsetaceo-acuminatis,  glandula 
minuta  terminatis,  supra  glabra,  subtus  initio  in  nervis  parce  pilosa 
dein  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  9-11,  subtus  paullo  pallidior,  papjTacea. 
Involucra  magna  erecto-clausa,  circiter  10-13  mm.  longa  lataque; 
pedunculus  ad  8  mm.  longus  inclusus;  flores  3-4  umbellati  v.  sub- 
umbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  2.5-3.5  cm.  longis;  bracteae  rotun- 
datae,  3-4  mm.  longae,  subexsertae,  glanduloso-setaceo-serratae 
glandulis  parvis,  herbaceae,  sub  fructu  persistentes;  pedicelli  15-26 
mm.  longi,  laxiuscule  villosiusculi  v.  superne  glabriores;    cupula  4 

>  I  have  seen  only  two  pedicels  with  fruits,  each  wnth  a  larger  and  a  smaller  fruit. 
It  can,  however,  hardly  be  assumed  that  the  species  has  always  such  twin-fruits. 


208  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

mm.  longa,  breviter  campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  anguste 
lanceolata  obtusiuscula,  7  mm.  longa,  Integra,  ciliata;  petala  oblonga, 
15  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  inciso-biloba,  sinu  3  mm.  longo  anguste 
triangulari,  pallide  rosea;  stamina  32,  petalis  subbreviora,  ad  12  mm. 
longa;  pistillum  16.5  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  parum  longior, 
glaber.  Drupa  subglobosa,  8.3  mm.  longa,  7.5  mm.  lata,  rubra;  puta- 
men  ovatum,  juxta  carinam  planam  sulcis  obsoletissimis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000-1300 
m.,  April  and  June  1907  (No.  9). 

The  shape  of  the  calyx  of  this  species  and  of  P.  Dielsiana  Schneider  recalls  that 
of  the  corolla  of  Cyclamen. 

Prunus  Dielsiana  Schneider,  var.  laxa  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Involucra  patentia  v.  subreflexa;  pedunculi  6-20  mm.  longi,  pedi- 
celli  13-35  mm.,  cupula  4-5  mm.,  sepala  7-9  mm. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
May  14,  1907  (No.  68);  Patung  Hsien,  woods»  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
May  and  June  1907  (No.  37);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  rare!,  alt.  1600 
m..  May  and  June  1907  (No.  37=^). 

Prunus  plurinervis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-6-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  accumbenti-hirti,  annotini 
glabri,  pallide  cani  v.  cinerei;  gemmae  2.5  mm.  longae,  crasse  ovatae, 
pilosae.  Stipulae  lineares,  circiter  5  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fim- 
briatae;  petioli  7-11  mm.  longi,  plus  minus  glabrati,  glandulis 
plerumque  1-3,  laminae  basi  insertis;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v. 
emarginata  inverse  oblonga,  intermixtis  ovatis  v.  obovatis,  4-7  cm. 
longa,  1.8-3.3  cm.  lata,  subito  longe  acuminata,  argute  simpliciter 
ac  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  longiusculis,  saepe  subincurvis,  glandula 
minuta  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  strigulosa,  subtus  in  foliis  supremis 
tantum  in  costa  nervisque  sparsim  v.  densiuscule  hirta  ceterum  glabra 
V.  sparsim  hirta,  in  foliis  ceteris  subglabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter 
12-14,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  rigidulo-papyracea. 
Flores  ignoti,  teste  Wilson  albi;  pedunculi  fructiferi  3-7  mm.  lati, 
subaccumbenti-pilosi;  fructus  solitarii  v.  bini  umbellati;  bracteae 
2-3,  rotundatae  ad  oblongae,  5-10  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae 
glandulis  capitatis  v.  conicis,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  pedicelli  21-32 
mm.  longi,  sericeo-hirti  v.  glabri.  Drupa  globosa,  10  mm.  longa  lata- 
que,  rubra;  putamen  ovato-rotundatum,  8:6:5  mm.,  juxta  carinam 
planam  basique  manifeste  sulcatum. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  209 

Western  Szech'uan  :  south  east  of  Tachien-Iu,  woods,  alt.  2300- 
2600  m.,  July  1908  (No.  907). 

Prunus  hirtifolia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  8-metralis;  rami  hornotini  dense  rufo-hirsuti,  annotini  glabri, 
cinerei;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  lanceolatae  v.  ob- 
longae,  8-10  mm.  longae,  margine  glandulis  validis  conicis,  interdum 
stipitatis  ornatae;  petioli  10-15  mm.  longi,  dense  rufo-hirsuti,  glandulis 
plerumque  1-2  petioli  apice  v.  laminae  basi  insertis;  lamina  e  basi 
acuta  V.  rotundata  ovata  v.  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  5-13.5  cm. 
longa,  3-5.7  cm.  lata,  subito  anguste  acuminata,  grosse  duplicato-, 
basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus  argute  acuminatis  glandula 
parva  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  pilis  brevibus  rigidulis  conspersa, 
subtus  dense  v.  inter  nervos  laxiuscule  hirto-villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  10-14,  costa  subtus  ochracea,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  membranacea. 
Flores  ignoti.  Involucra  decidua;  pedunculus  fructifer  nullus  v.  ad 
10  mm.  longus,  dense  pilosus;  bracteae  solitariae,  rotundatae,  5  mm. 
longae,  glandulis  marginalibus  sessilibus;  pedicellus  in  pedunculo 
solitarius,  17-24  mm.  longus,  dense  hirsutus.  Drupa  ovalis,  9  mm. 
longa,  6.5  mm.  lata,  verisimiliter  rubra;  putamen  subrotundatum, 
7:6:5  mm.,  juxta  carinam  obsolete  trisulcatus,  foveolis  obsoletissimis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2818). 

Prunus  tenuiflora  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  4-15-metralis;  truncus  10-30  cm.  diam;  ramuli  novelli  glabri, 
vetustiores  cinerei  v.  intense  fusci;  gemmae  (mense  Julio)  vix  ultra 
2  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  angustissime  lineares,  9  mm.  longae, 
basi  interdum  pinnatifidae,  longe  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  deciduae, 
petioli  10-20  mm.  longi,  supra  dense  dein  laxius  albo-villosi  v.  demum 
glabri,  glandulis  saepe  1-2  petioli  apici,  rarius  laminae  basi  insertis; 
lamina  e  basi  cordata  v.  rotundata  obovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  4.5-9.5 
cm.  longa,  2.2-5.1  cm.  lata,  subito  longe  acuminata,  argute,  raro  hinc 
inde  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi 
v.  capitata  terminatis,  supra  glabra  v.  raro  initio  pilis  conspersa,  subtus 
glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  8-9,  supra  subpallida,  subtus  parum 
pallidior,  demum  papyracea.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  persistentia,  erecta 
V.  patentia,  circiter  1  cm.  longa,  0.5  ad  fere  2  cm.  lata;  pedunculus 
4-11  mm.  V.  sub  fructu  ad  20  mm.  longus,  pubescens  v.  glaber;  flores 
1-3  umbellati  v.  subumbellati,  coaetanei,  foliis  simul  ad  4  cm.  longis; 
bracteae  cuneato-obovatae  v.  oblongae,  3-6  mm.  longae,  glanduloso- 


210  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

fimbriatae  glandulis  parvis  conicis,  sub  fructu  deciduae;  pedicelli  17- 
23  mm.,  sub  fructu  ad  32  mm.  longi,  basi  pubescentes  v.  villosiusculi, 
superne  glabri,  fructiferi  glabri;  cupula  6.5-10  mm.  longa,  e  basi  acuta 
anguste  tubulosa  sursum  subdilatata,  glabra;  sepala  patentia,  oblongo- 
lanceolata,  4-5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  glabra;  petala  late  obovata, 
12-14  mm.  longa,  8-10  mm.  lata,  bilobo-emarginata,  alba  ad  rosea; 
stamina  30-41,  petalis  circiter  triente  breviora,  ad  7  v.  8  mm.  longa; 
pistillum  12.5-15  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  vix  brevior  v.  paullo 
longior,  glaber.  Drupa  subglobosa,  8-9  mm.  longa,  (5.5-)7.5-8.5 
mm.  diam.,  nigra;  putamen  late  ovatum,  6-8:  4.2-6.5:2.7-5  mm., 
sulcis  plus  minus  obsoletis  paucis  juxta  carinam  planam  exsculptum. 
Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000  m., 
April  and  June  1907  (No.  3^);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  May  and  June  1907  (Nos.  13,  20);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt. 
1300-1600  m.,  May  1907  (No.  51)  and  June  1907  (No.  51^);  Patung, 
woods,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No  66"^);  Paokang,  April  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  723);  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2300  m.. 
May  and  July  1907  (No.  69).  Also  collected  in  Hupeh  by  A.  Henry 
(No.  5833). 

This  species  is  very  similar  to  P.  Sargentii  Rehder,  but  differs  in  the  smaller 
and  apparently  paler  and  thinner  leaves,  the  frequent  presence  of  pubescence  on  the 
petioles,  in  the  peduncle  (4-20  mm.  long),  the  occasional  pubescence  of  the  pedicels, 
the  very  slender  cupula  (6.5-10  mm.  long,  in  P.  Sargentii  5.5-7  mm.  long)  and  in 
the  smaller  and  broader  stone  (6-8  mm.  long,  in  P.  Sargentii  9-10  mm.  long).  The 
very  similar  P.  Conradinae  Koehne  has  precocious  flowers,  leaves  with  9-12  pairs 
of  veins  and  a  shorter  cupula  (4-5  mm.  long). 

Prunus  concinna  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis ;  rami  vetustiores  intense  fusci,  nitiduli.  Folia 
ignota.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  persistentia,  8-9  mm.  longa,  circa  6 
mm.  lata;  pedunculus  nullus;  flores  1-2  umbellati,  praecoces; 
pedicelli  circiter  8-9  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  9  mm.  longa,  obconico- 
tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  ovato-triangularia  obtusiuscula,  4-5  mm. 
longa,  Integra,  glabra;  petala  obovata,  10  mm.  longa,  7  mm.  lata, 
baud  emarginata,  subdenticulato-erosa;  stamina  37,  petalis  paene 
dimidio  breviora,  ad  6  mm.  longa;  pistillum  16  mm.  longum,  stylus 
stamina  paullo  superans,  glaber. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
Arpil  1907  (No.  2825). 

It  is  not  impossible  that  this  species  does  not  belong  to  the  subsect.  Sargentiella, 
but  to  Ceraseidos:  this  cannot  be  decided  until  the  leaves  are  known. 


ROSACE  AE . PRUNUS  211 

Prunus  Twymaniana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-6-metralis;  rami  annotini  glabri,  cano-fuscescentes,  ve- 
tustiores  nigrescentes.  Folia  sub  anthesi  tantum  nota;  petioli  ad 
4  mm.  longi,  glabri;  glandulae  2  petioli  apice  v.  laminae  basi  insertae; 
lamina  (videtur  ovata)  ad  2.5  cm.  longa,  baud  v.  leviter  acuminata, 
crenato-serrata,  dentibus  obtusis  v.  brevissime  cuspidatis,  glandula 
valida  breviter  conica  terminatis,  supra  glabra,  subtus  juxta  costae 
partem  basalem  tantum  tenere  villosa,  purpurascens,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  circiter  10-11.  Involucra  erecta,  0.7-1.3  cm.  longa;  pedun- 
culus  brevissimus;  flores  1-2  umbellati,  subpraecoces;  bracteae 
oblongae,  circiter  3-4  mm.  longae,  glandulis  marginatae;  pedicelli 
9-12  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  7  mm.  longa,  e  basi  acuta  tubulosa, 
glabra,  purpurascens;  sepala  erecto-patula,  oblonga  acutiuscula, 
4.5  mm.  longa,  frequenter  glanduloso-fimbriolata,  glabra;  petala 
ovata,  6  mm.  longa,  4  mm.  lata,  apice  rotundata,  eroso-crenulata, 
alba;  stamina  25,  petalis  fere  duplo  breviora,  ad  3.5  mm.  longa;  pis- 
tillum  12  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  2-3  mm.  longior,  inferne 
parce  villosus.    Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt. 
2000-2600  m.,  March  1908  (No.  8io,  as  to  flowering  branches;  the 
fruiting  branches  belong  to  P.  lobulata  Koehne,  which  has  no  glands 
on  the  serratures  of  the  leaves). 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  I  have  named  this  species  in  compliment  to  Bertie 
Twyman,  Esq.,  of  the  British  Consular  service  in  China,  who  was  of  very  con- 
siderable assistance  to  Mr.  Wilson  during  1908.  Further  investigation  is  needed 
to  determine  whether  P.  ampla  Koehne,  which  is  known  only  in  fruiting  speci- 
mens and  has  equally  large  glands  on  the  teeth,  belongs  here. 

Prunus  Conradinae  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-12-metrahs,  truncus  20-50  cm.  diam.;  ramuli  novelli 
glabri,  vetustiores  cano-fuscescentes  v.  cinerei  v.  intense  fusci;  gem- 
mae 3-6  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  angustissime  lineares,  4-7 
mm.  longae,  saepe  basi  pinnatifidae,  longe  glanduloso-fimbriatae, 
post  anthesin  deciduae;  petioli  10-17  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulas  2 
crassas  apice  v.  paullo  inferius  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v. 
hinc  inde  acuta  v.  subcordata  obovata,  obovato-oblonga,  rarius  fere 
rotundato-ovata,  5.5-10.5(-15)  cm.  longa,  2.5-5.5-(6.8)  cm.  lata, 
subito  anguste  acuminata,  sat  profunde,  medio  duplicato-serrata, 
dentibus  vix  v.  tenuiter  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis, 
saepe  initio  glabra  v.  piUs  brevibus  conspersa,  demum  semper  fere 
glabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  pilis  conspersa,  demum  glabrescentia 


212  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

V.  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  9-12,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  papyracea. 
Involucra  sub  anthesi  omnia  persistentia  v.  magna  ex  parte  decidua, 
6-12  mm.  longa,  4-9  mm.  lata;  pedunculus  brevissimus  v.  rarius  ad 
10  mm.  longus;  flores  (l-)2-4(-5)  umbellati  v.  rarius  breviter  racemoso- 
umbellati,  praecoces;  bracteae  ante  anthesin  deciduae;  pedicelli  5-18 
mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  4-5  mm.  longa,  e  basi  obtusa  crassius- 
cule  campanulato-tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula  v.  paten tia, 
ovata  V.  ovato-triangularia  obtusiuscula,  2.5-4  mm.  longa,  Integra, 
glabra  v.  tenere  ciliolata;  petala  ovata  v.  obovata,  10-12  mm.  longa, 
7-7.5  mm.  lata,  bilolDO-emarginata  sinu  triangulari-aperto,  alba  ad 
rosea;  stamina  33-43,  petalis  paullo  v.  quarta  parte  breviora,  ad  8- 
10  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11-13  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  sub- 
brevior  v.  sublongior,  glaber.  Drupa  ovalis,  8-11  mm.  longa,  5-9 
mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  ovale,  6.5-8:4.5-5.3:4-4.3  mm.,  sulcis 
obsoletissimis  juxta  carinam  planam. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1500  m., 
April  and  June  1907  (No.  3,  mixed  with  fruiting  branches  of  P. 
malifolia  Koehne);  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000-1200 
m.,  flowers,  without  date,  fruiting  specimens,  June  1907  (No.  5); 
Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1200  m.,  April  and  June  1907 
(No.  7);  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  common,  alt.  1000-1200  m., 
April  and  June  1907  (No.  11);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt. 
600-1600  m.,  March  and  July  1907  (No.  3^);  Ichang,  cultivated, 
March  14,  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  152). 

This  species  is  named  for  the  wife  of  the  author. 

Pninus  Helenae  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  rufoides,  var.  glabrifolia  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  56  (1905) 
verisimiliter  hue  ducenda. 

Arbor  4-6-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  glabri,  fusci,  annotini  intense 
fusci,  submicantes;  gemmae  1.5  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae 
ignotae;  petioh  12-18  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulas  1-3  crassas  prope 
apicem  v.  pro  parte  medio  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  subcordata  v. 
rotundata  ovata,  ovato-oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga,  7.5-11.5  cm.  longa, 
3.8-5.3  cm.  lata,  anguste  acuminata,  profunde  argute  duplicato-serrata 
dentibus  vix  acuminatis,  glandula  parva,  breviter  conica  terminatis, 
glabra  v.  subtus  in  nervorum  axilhs  barbulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  7-12, 
subtus  vix  pallidior,  membranacea.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  persistentia, 
1-1.4  cm.  longa,  0.8-1  cm.  lata,  erecta;  pedunculus  nullus  v.  brevis- 
simus; flores  3  umbellati,  praecoces;  pedicelli  8-15  mm.,  fructiferi  ad  18 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  213 

mm.  longi,  inclusi  v.  subinclusi,  glabri;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  e  basi 
obtusa  campanulato-tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  patentia,  ol^Ionga  ob- 
tusiuscula,  3  mm.  longa,  Integra,  glabra;  petala  ovata,  9  mm.  longa, 

5  mm.  lata,  acutissima,  irregulariter  eroso-denticulata,  alba;  stamina  38, 
petalis  aequilonga,  ad  10  mm.  longa;  pistillum  10  mm.  longum,  stylus 
stamina  aequans  v.  subbrevior,  glaber.     Drupa  ovalis,  9  mm.  longa, 

6  mm.  diam.;  putamen  late  ovatum,  7.6:5.8:4.8  mm.,  obsolete  v.  sat 
manifeste  sulcatum  carina  plana. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  800-1200  m., 
April  1907,  fruiting  branches  without  date  (No.  2826).  Szech'uan: 
A.  Henry  (No.  5477). 

This  species  is  named  for  the  daughter  of  the  author.  Henry's  No.  5477  is  the 
type  of  P.  rufoides,  var.  glabrifolia  Schneider,  and  does  not  differ  in  the  least  in 
foUage  from  Wilson's  specimens;  the  pedicels  of  the  fruits  are  in  clusters  of  1  to  4 
and  are  20-23  mm.  long,  the  stone  is  about  8  mm.  long  and  5  mm.  thick  and  has 
rather  marked  transverse  furrows. 

Prunus   saltuum  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-metralis,  truncus  20  cm.  diam.;  rami  annotini  crassi,  nigro- 
fusci,  hinc  inde  pilis  brevibus  conspersi.  Folia  ignota.  Involucra 
sub  anthesi  pauca  tantum  persistentia,  1  cm.  longa,  0.7  cm.  lata; 
flores  1-2  umbellati,  praecoces;  pedicelli  circiter  7  mm.  longi  inclusi, 
dense  pilosi;  cupula  fere  6  mm.  longa,  e  basi  obtusa  crasse  tubulosa, 
extus  basi  dense,  superne  laxius  villosiuscula;  sepala  erecto-patentia, 
oblonga  subretusa,  3.5  mm.  longa,  integra,  tenere  ciliata,  extus  parce 
pilosa  V.  rarius  glabra;  petala  rotundato-ovata,  12-13  mm.  longa, 
3.5-9  mm.  lata,  bilobo-emarginata  sinu  angusto,  alba;  stamina  39, 
petalis  quarta  parte  breviora,  ad  9  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm. 
longum,  stylus  staminibus  subbrevior,  glaber.    Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  glades,  alt.  1300  m.,  April  1907 
(No.  2824). 

This  species  is  closely  alhed  to  P.  pauciflora  Bunge  but'has  dark-colored  branch- 
lets,  shorter  pedicels  solitary  or  in  twos,  a  narrower  cupula,  longer,  less  acute  calyx- 
teeth,  larger  petals  and  longer  stamens.  Further  differences  in  the  leaves  and 
fruits  will  probably  be  found  when  complete  material  is  known. 

Primus  serrula  Franchet,  var.  tibetica  (Batalin)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 

Prunus  pvddum,  var.  tibetica  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  168  (1895). 
Prunus  cerasoides,  var.  tibetica  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  54  (1905). 

Arbor  5-11-metralis,  coma  densa,  truncus  10-60  cm.  diam.;  cortex 
laevis,  cinereo-fuscus,  baud  nitens,  rimis  transversalibus  sparsis,  1.5-3 
cm.  latis,  4-7  mm.  altis  rugosis  interruptus;  ramuli  novelli  glabri  v. 


214  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

basi  parce  pulverulenti,  demum  cano-  v.  purpureo-fusci,  vetustiores  cin- 
erei  v.  fusci;  gemmae  4-6  mm.  longae,  angustae,  plus  minus  pilosae. 
Stipulae  lineari-filiformes,  circiter  7  mm.  longae,  glandulis  longis 
gracilibus,  sessilibus  v.  stipitatis  margine  munitae;  petioli  5-11  mm. 
longi,  glabri,  demum  saepe  purpurei;  glandulae  2-5  laminae  basi  in- 
sertae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  rotundata  lanceolata,  3.5-8.5  cm. 
longa,  0.7-2.8  cm.  lata,  longe  acuminata  v.  sensim  angustata,  brevis- 
sime  argute  serrulata,  dentibus  acutis  v.  acuminatis,  glandula  parva 
anguste  oblonga  v.  fere  subulata  terminatis,  glabra  v.  subtus  barbulata 
V.  infra  medium  secus  costae  latus  utrumque  lanato-villosa,  nervis 
utrinsecus  8-12,  laete  viridis,  subtus  paullo  pallidior,  membranacea 
V.  raro  (Wilson  No.  988,  pro  parte)  rigidula.  Involucra  sub  anthesi 
fere  omnia  decidua,  ad  12  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  0-5  mm.,  sub  fructu 
ad  11  mm.  longus,  glaber  v.  pulverulento-puberulus;  flores  1-3  um- 
bellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  ad  4  cm.  longis;  bracteae  1.5-2.5  mm. 
longae,  apice  dissectae,  membranaceae,  sub  fructu  caducae;  pedicelli 
10-12  mm.,  fructiferi  superne  sensim  plus  minus  incrassati  ad  23  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  cupula  6.5-9  mm.  longa,  crasse  campanulato-tubulosa, 
glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula,  ovato-triangularia  acuminata,  2.3-3  mm. 
longa,  parce  minutim  glanduloso-denticulata;  petala  ovato-rotun- 
data,  8.5  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  apice  rotundata  v.  tricuspidata,  alba; 
stamina  44,  petalis  sublongiora,  ad  10  mm.  longa;  pistillum  15  mm. 
longum,  stylus  staminibus  sublongior  v.  subbrevior,  usque  ad  medium 
tenere  pubescens.  Drupa  ovata  v.  rotundato-ovalis,  10-13  mm. 
longa,  7-8  mm.  diam.,  videtur  rubra;  putamen  ovatum,  11:7:6  mm. 
(in  Wilson  No.  988  nonnisi  7.5:6.5  mm.,  an  immaturum?),  obtusis- 
simum,  valide  reticulato-costatum,  carina  lata  complanata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3300  m.,  September 
1908  (No.  988);  west  of  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  3600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  988  in  part);  without  locality,  woods,  alt.  3600-4000  m., 
June  1904,  (Veitch  Exped.,  No.  3523);  "inter  Tachien-lu  et  Batang, 
Olun-shi,"  May  17,  1893,  V.  A.  Kachkarov;  in  the  district  of  Litang, 
between  Si-o-la  and  Ma-geh-Mung,  June  17,  1893,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

Prunus  Herincquiana  (Lavallee)  sensu  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII,  175  (1909). 

Cerasus  Herincquiana  Lavallee,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.,  t.  35  (1885),  descriptione 

p.  117  valde  emendanda  nisi  excludenda. 
Prunus  pendula  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  98; 

in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  690    (1883),  pro  parte,  nempe  quoad  specimina  nonnulla 

authentica. — Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  618  (1903),  quoad  synonymum 

Cerasus  Herincquiana. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  215 

Prunus  Ilerincquiana Schneider,  Ill.Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  608  (pro  parte)  (1906). 

Prunus  itosakura  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  114  (1908),  quoad  syno- 
nymuni  Prunus  Herincquiana. 

Prunus  Itosakura,  var.  ascendens  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  114  (1908), 
an  hue  pertinet?  "Veins  9-20  on  each  side  of  the  leaf."  Prunus  itosakra, 
y  ascendens  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  181  (1909),  est  eadem. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  1800  m.,  April  25,  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  93);  Changyang  Hsien,  mountain  sides,  April 
4,  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  70);  mountain  sides,  alt.  GOO-1000  m., 
April  and  June  1907  (No.  2833;   tree  10-13  m.  high). 

Korea,  woods  of  Hallaisan,  May  1909,  Taqiiet  (No.  2876);  July 
1909,  Taquet  (No.  2875);  Quelpaert,  ''in  pago  Hokeuni,"  May  5, 
1908,  Taquet  (No.  786);  Quelpaert  prope  Hongno,  July  1907,  U.  Faurie 
(No.  1546). 

Japan:  Provinces  of  Senano  and  Nambu,  a.  1864,  Tschonoski  (Max- 
imowicz,  iter  II,  specimen  of  P.  pendula  Maximowicz);  Hondo,  Ha- 
kone,  a.  1864,  Tschonoski  (in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  designated 
as  P.  ohlongifolia  Maximowicz);  cultivated  at  Tokyo,  April  9,  1874, 
Hilgendorf  (mixed  with  P.  serrulata  Kriegeri) ;  Hirosaki,  May  28,  1905, 
U.  Faurie  (No.  6698) ;  without  locality,  Siehold  (in  the  Leyden  Herba- 
rium, specimen  of  P.  subhirtella  Miquel  mixed  with  true  P.  subhirtella) . 

Prunus  canescens  Bois  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  66,  2 
fig.  (1904).  — Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  177  (1909). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  etc.,  alt.  1000  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  65);  without  locaUty,  April  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1862). 

Prunus  droseracea  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-metralis,  truncus  20  cm.  diam. ;  ramuli  novelli  pilis  paucis- 
simis  longis  conspersi,  vetustiores  glabri,  cani.  Stipulae  lanceolatae, 
circ.  8  mm.  longae,  fimbriato-serratae,  fimbriis  glandula  longa  conica 
V.  cylindracea  terminatis,  petioli  6-13  mm.  longi,  glabri;  lamina  e 
basi  emarginata  v.  rotundata  ovata  v.  obovata  2-5  cm.  longa  1.3-2.5 
cm.  lata  (sub  anthesi),  subito  longe  anguste  acuminata,  medio  profunda 
duplicato-,  basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus  multis  bi-  v.  tri- 
fidis  acuminatis,  glandula  sat  valida  conica  terminatis,  supra  sparsim 
strigulosa,  subtus  aequaliter  laxe  pilis  nitiduhs  obsita,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  circa  10,  subtus  baud  pallidior.  Involucra  circa  7-8  mm.  longa; 
pedunculus  2-12  mm.  longus,  glaber;  flores  2-4  subracemoso-umbellati 
V.  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  rotundatae  v.  ovatae,  4-8  mm.  longae, 
insigniter  fimbriato-serratae,  dentibus  glandula  valida  oblonga  v.  conica 
terminatis    (infimae    saepe    steriles,    subeuphylloidcae,    involucrum 


216  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

paullo  superantes);  pedicelli  12-18  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  fere  5 
mm.  longa,  anguste  obconico-campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  erecto- 
patula,  ovato-triangularia  acuta,  2.3  mm.  longa,  brevissime  glanduloso- 
denticulata;  petala  ovata,  5.5  mm.  longa,  3.5  mm.  lata,  acutiuscula, 
irregulariter  eroso-denticulata,  alba;  stamina  26,  petalis  aequilonga, 
ad  6  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  vix 
longior,  usque  ad  medium  parce  villosus.    Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  2821). 

Prunus  trichostoma  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-8-metralis;  rami  vetustiores  glabri,  pallide  ochraceo-cani. 
Stipulae  angustissime  lineares,  5-6  mm.  longae,  longe  glanduloso- 
fimbriatae;  petioli  6-10  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  superne  parce  accum- 
benti-pilosi;  glandulae  1-3,  laminae  basi  insertae,  stipitatae;  lamina 
e  basi  acuta,  rotundata  v.  vix  emarginata  ovata,  obovata  v.  obovato- 
oblonga,  2.5-4.5  cm.  longa,  1.3-2.3  cm.  lata  (sub  anthesi),|  acuminata, 
simpliciter,  medio  vero  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  late  triangu- 
laribus,  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra  in  costa 
pubescens,  in  nervis  parce  strigosa,  subtus  secus  costam  et  interdum 
secus  nervos,  rarius  in  facie  parce  v.  uberius  longe  villosa,  nervis 
utrinsecus  8-12,  subtus  paullo  pallidior,  tenuiter  membranacea.  In- 
volucrorum  deciduorum  residua  ad  6  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  3-11  mm. 
longus,  glaber;  flores  1-3  umbellati  v.  subracemoso-umbellati,  coaeta- 
tanei;  bracteae  3-8  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae  v.  fimbriolatae, 
herbaceae;  pedicelli  11-20  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  6-7.5  mm. 
longa,  obconico-  v.  subanguste  campanulata,  post  anthesin  saepe 
tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula  v.  patentia,  oblongo- v.  ovato- 
triangularia,  2-3  mm.  longa,  denticulis  1  v.  paucis  glanduliferis  utrin- 
secus munita,  ciliata,  intus  parce  pilosa;  petala  late  oblonga  v.  ovato- 
rotundata,  7-8.5  mm.  longa,  5-5.5  mm.  lata,  obtusa  v,  vix  emarginata, 
interdum  irregulariter  eroso-denticulata;  stamina  25-33,  petalis 
subaequilonga,  ad  7.5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12-14  mm.  longum, 
stylus  stamina  aequans  v.  manifeste  longior,  usque  ad  mediam  v.  ad 
duas  tertias  partes  dense  villosus.    Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2000 
m..  May  1907  (No.  2817);  without  locality,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  4860);  alt.  2600-3100  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3524^. 

Somewhat  doubtful:  Western  China,  woods,  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3527):  cupula  4.5  mm.,  sepala  fere  3  mm.  longa,  petala  5  mm. 
longa  4  mm.  lata,  stamina  29,  ad  5  mm.  longa. 


EOS  ACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  217 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  P.  latidentata  Koehne,  which  has  the  same  kind 
of  pubescence  on  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves.  If  the  pubescence  in.side  the 
sepals  should  prove  to  be  variable,  the  species  ought  to  be  referred  as  a  variety  to 
P.  latidentata. 

Prunus  latidentata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  5-13-metralis;  truncus  10-50  cm.  diam.;  rami  juveniles 
dense  pilosi,  mox  glabrati,  tenues,  vetustiores  cani  v.  cano-fusci; 
gemmae  ad  2.5  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  angustissime  lineares, 
2.5-5  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae ;  petioli  7-10  mm.  longi, 
glabri;  glandulae  saepius  1-2,  laminae  basi  insertae,  interdum  stipita- 
tae;  lamina  basi  acuta,  rotundata  v.  subemarginata,  ovata,  obovata 
V.  obovato-oblonga,  2-5  cm.  longa,  1.2-2.4  cm.  lata,  sat  subito  acumi- 
nata, profunde  duplicato-,  basi  apiceque  simpliciter  serrata,  dentibus 
latioribus  quam  longis,  breviter  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi 
terminatis,  supra  in  costa  albo-pubescens  ceterum  pilis  brevissimis 
teneris  conspersa  v.  demum  glabrata,  subtus  juxta  costam  glabram 
V.  parce  pilosam  longe  dense  crispato-villosa  ceterum  initio  interdum 
in  facie  neque  vero  in  nervis  pilosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  7-11,  subtus 
parum  pallidior,  membranacea.  Involucra  ante  anthesin  decidua 
residuis  paucis  persistentibus;  pedunculus  brevissimus;  flores  1-2 
(-3)  umbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  2.5-3.5  cm.  longis;  bracteae 
deciduae,  paucae  persistentes  2  mm.  longae,  fuscae;  pedicelli  8-25 
mm.  longi,  basi  parce  pilosi  v.  raro  glabri;  cupula  5.5-6.5  mm.  longa, 
breviter  latiuscule  campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula,  late 
ovato-triangularia  acutiuscula,  2-3  mm.  longa,  utrinsecus  denticulis 
1-4  teneris  munita;  petala  ovata,  5-6  mm.  longa,  3.5-5  mm.  lata, 
baud  emarginata,  subintegra,  alba  v.  pallide  carnea;  stamina  32-35, 
petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  4-6  mm.  longa;  pistillum  15-16  mm.  longum, 
stylus  staminibus  4-6.5  mm.  longior,  glaber  v.  basi  pilis  paucis  consper- 
sus.  Drupa  globosa,  9  mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  rotundatum, 
7.6:7:5.3  mm.,  valide  sulcatum  et  foveolis  paucis  munitum,  carina  lata 
complanata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000- 
3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2820);  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  August  1808 
(No.  2819,  with  flowering  branches  without  date);  western  China, 
ravines,  alt.  4000  m.,  June  1909  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3524);  woods, 
May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3528,  doubtful  on  account  of  the  too 
scant  material). 


218  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Prunus  micromeloides  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-8-metralis;  rami  hornotini  aestate  glabri,  vetustiores  pal- 
lide  cani  v.  nigrescentes;  gemmae  circ.  3  mm.  longae,  pilosae.  Stipulae 
oblongo-lanceolatae,  circ.  6  mm.  longae,  pirmatifidae  ac  glanduloso- 
fimbriatae  glandulis  cylindraceis,  persistentes;  petioli  7-12  mm. 
longi,  secus  canalicuhim  parce  villosi;  glandulae  saepe  0,  interdum 
1-2,  laminae  basi  v.  raro  petioli  apice  insertae,  plerumque  stipitatae; 
lamina  e  basi  acuta,  rotundata  v.  emarginata  ovata,  obovata  v.  ovato- 
rotundata,  2.5-7  cm.  longa,  1.7-4.7  cm.  lata,  subito  breviter  acumi- 
nata, inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  latis,  acutis  v.  subacuminatis, 
glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  nitide  strigulosa  v. 
demum  subglabra,  subtus  primo  initio  densissime  tomentoso-albicans 
postea  in  nervis  tantum  pilis  nitidis  obsita  v.  etiam  in  nervis  glabra, 
nervis  utrinsecus  7-12,  subtus  paullo  pallidior  et  subcana,  papyracea. 
Involucra  sub  anthesi  multa  persistentia,  circ.  4  mm.  longa,  erecto- 
patula;  pedunculus  circ.  4  mm.  longus,  pubescens  v.  glaber;  flores  2-3 
umbellati  v.  subumbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  3-4  cm.  longis; 
bracteae  rotundatae  v.  late  spathulatae,  circ.  4  mm.  longae,  glanduloso- 
fimbriolatae,  herbaceae;  pedicelli  5  mm.,  fructiferi  11-20  mm.  longi, 
pilosiusculi,  demum  glabri;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  breviter  lateque 
campanulata,  parce  pilosa;  sepala  erecto-patula,  rotundata,  1.7  mm. 
longa,  breviter  glanduloso-fimbriolata,  ceterum  glabra;  petala  obovata, 
4.5  mm.  longa,  2.5  mm.  lata,  baud  emarginata,  irregulariter  eroso- 
crenulata;  stamina  19,  petalis  longiora,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum 
13  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  paullo  longior,  usque  ad  duas  tertias 
partes  molliter  villosus.  Drupa  globosa,  9  mm.  (Wilson)  v.  12  mm. 
(Potanin)  diam.,  videtur  rubra;  putamen  rotundatum,  7:7:5  mm. 
V.  9:7.7:5.5  mm.  costis  foveolisque  validiusculis  v.  validis,  carina  com- 
planata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2500  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No.  824).  Also  collected  in  eastern  Kansu, 
Mount  Idshu-shan,  July  16,  1885,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

Potanin's  specimen,  which  had  been  determined  as  P.  stipulacea  Maximowicz, 
has  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  more  glabrous,  the  pedicels  of  the  fruits  longer 
and  the  drupes  and  stones  larger  than  in  Wilson's  specimen. 

Prunus  oxyodonta  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  2. 6-4-me trails;  rami  juveniles  strigulosi,  postea  glabri, 
vetustiores  cani  v.  cano-fusci.  Stipulae  oblongae  v.  lineares,  ad  6 
mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae  glandulis  cylindraceis,  persistentes; 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  219 

petioli  11-13  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  secus  canaliculum  parce  hirtuli; 
glandulae  plerumque  2,  laminae  basi  insertae,  stipitatae;  lamina  e 
basi  rotundata  v.  cordata  ovata  v.  obovata,  5.5-8.5  cm.  longa,  2.8-5 
cm.  lata,  subito  acuminata,  inciso-duplicato-scrrata,  dentibus  latioribus 
quam  longis,  breviter  v.  anguste  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi 
terminatis,  supra  pilis  nitidis  sparsim  strigulosa,  subtus  primo  initio 
undique  densiuscule,  postea  in  costa  nervisque  tantum  pilis  brevius- 
culis  obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  11-14,  subtus  pallidior,  membra- 
nacea.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  fere  tota  decidua;  pedunculus  circ.  3-7 
mm.  longus,  accumbenti-pilosus;  flores  2-3  umbellati  v.  subumbellati, 
coaetanei  foliis  simul  3-4  cm.  longis;  bracteae  3-10  mm.  longae, 
glanduloso-serrulatae,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  pedicelli  6-13  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  cupula  5.5  mm.  longa,  obconico-campanulata,  sursum 
sensim  plus  minus  dilatata,  glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula,  late  rotun- 
dato-triangularia,  2  mm.  longa,  utrinsecus  fimbriolis  1-4  glanduliferis, 
glabra;  petala  rotundato-ovalia,  6  mm.  longa,  5  mm.  lata,  baud  emar- 
ginata,  Integra  v.  parum  erosa,  alba;  stamina  31,  petalis  subaequilonga, 
ad  6.5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  13-14  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  2.5 
mm.  longior,  usque  ad  duas  tertias  partes  laxiuscule  hirtus.  Drupa 
ignota. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-hsiang-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1600-2300  m..  May  1908  (No.  2822;  the  date  for  the  branches 
with  adult  leaves  not  indicated). 

This  is  possibly  only  a  variety  of  the  preceding  species.  Here  seems  to  belong 
also  the  following  specimen: 

Frutex  1.6-2-metralis;  rami  juveniles  glabri  v.  subglabri.  Folia 
angustius  longiusque  acuminata,  primo  initio  subtus  tomentosa 
(ut  in  P.  micromeloide) ,  postea  densiuscule  longe  hirta.  Pedicelli  pro 
parte  ad  17  mm.  longi;  cupula  6  mm.  longa,  superne  parce  pilosa; 
petala  6  mm.  longa,  4.5  mm.  lata;  stamina  30,  ad  6.5  mm.  longa  (ut 
in  P.  oxyodonta  typica). 

Western  China:    Wa-shan,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3525). 

Pninus  glyptocarya  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-10-metralis;  rami  annotini  adulti  glabri,  crassiusculi, 
pallide  ochraceo-cani  dein  cani;  gemmae  3-5  mm.  longae,  glabrae. 
Stipulae  oblongae,  4-11  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-dentatae  glandulis 
cylindraceis,  persistentes;  petioli  12-16  mm.  longi,  densiuscule  pilosi; 
glandulae  1-3,  petioli  apici  v.  laminae  basi  insertae,  stipitatae;  la- 
mina e  basi  emarginata,  rotundata  v.  hinc  inde  acuta  inverse  oblonga, 


220  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

nonnullis  obovato-oblongis,  6-11  cm.  longa,  3-5.3  cm.  lata,  plus  minus 
acuminata,  profunde  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  multo  latioribus  quam 
longis,  subito  argute  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis, 
supra  sparsim  strigulosa  v.  subglabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  den- 
sius,  in  facie  parce  v.  parcissime  hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus  11-14,  laete 
viridis,  subtus  subconcolor,  membranacea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus 
fructifer  unicus  suppetens  3  mm.  longus;  bractea  decidua;  pedicellus 
25  mm.  longus,  glaber  incrassatus.  Drupa  globosa  12.5  mm.  longa 
12  mm.  diam.,  fusco-rubra;  putamen  rotundatum,  8:7.3:6  mm.,  basi 
oblique  truncatum,  valide  reticulato-costatum,  carina  complanata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2000  m., 
September  1908  (No.  1026);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4040). 

This  species  seems  very  near  to  P.  oxyodonta  Koehne,  but  differs  in  the  larger 
and  narrower  leaves.  The  fruit  is  described  on  the  label  as  red  in  No.  1026  and 
as  black  in  No.  4040,  but  it  appears  to  be  dark  red  in  the  latter  specimen  and  not 
as  intensively  black  as  the  fruit  of  P.  pleuroptera  Koehne.  The  stone  of  No.  1026 
is  distinctly  reticulate-costate,  but  in  No.  4040  only  costate  with  scarcely  anas- 
tomosing ribs. 

Prunus  lobulata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-11-metralis;  rami  juveniles  hinc  hirti,  adulti  v.  annotini 
glabrati,  vetustiores  cani,  cano-fusci  v,  nigrescentes;  gemmae  3  mm. 
longae,  glabrae  v.  parce  pilosae.  Stipulae  oblongae  v.  lanceolatae,  cir- 
citer  4  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-inciso-serratae  vel  -fimbriatae,  petioli 
7-14  mm.  longi,  secus  canaliculum  parce  hirti  ceterum  glabri;  glandulae 
saepe  1-2,  laminae  basi,  rarius  petioli  apici  insertae,  brevissime  sti- 
pitatae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta,  obtusa  v.  vix  emarginata  obovata  v. 
inverse  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  2-8  cm.  longa,  1.3-4.4  cm. 
lata,  subito  v.  paullatim  acuminata,  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus 
argutissime  acuminatis  eglandulosis  v.  glandula  minuta  punctiformi 
terminatis,  subtus  sparsim  strigosa  v.  demum  subglabra,  subtus  in 
costa  nervisque  parce  hirta,  in  facie  glabra  v.  subglabra,  nervis  utrin- 
secus 6-10,  supra  pallidior,  membranacea  v.  papyracea.  Flores  ig- 
noti. Pedunculus  fructifer  1-6  mm.  longus;  bracteae  deciduae  (uni- 
cam  3  mm.  longam,  oblongam,  glanduloso-fimbriolatam,  herbaceam 
vidi);  pedicelli  l-2ni,  11-35  mm.  longi,  glabri,  sursum  incrassati. 
Petala  alba  teste  Wilson.  Drupa  globosa  v.  globoso-ovalis,  9-12  mm. 
longa,  9-12  mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  anguste  ovatum,  7.5-11: 
5.5-6:4.5-5  mm.,  validiuscule  sulcatum  ac  foveolatum,  carina  com- 
planata. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  221 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3200  m.,  July  24, 
1908  (No.  912):  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  September 
1908  (No.  978);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2000-2800 
m.,  August  1808  (No.  810,  as  to  fruiting  branches.  The  flowering 
branches  belong  to  P.  Twymaniana,  which  is  very  different  in  the 
large  glands  of  the  serratures  of  the  leaves). 

The  species  seems  very  near  to  P.  stipulacea  Maximowicz  which  is  very  similar 
in  fohage. 

Prunus  pleuroptera  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-10-metralis,  truncus  ad  30  cm.  diam.;  rami  hornotini  hirti, 
vetustiores  subglabri  v.  glabri,  cinerei  v.  nigricantes;  gemmae  3  mm. 
longae,  parce  v.  uberius  pilosae.  Stipulae  oblongae  v.  lineares,  4-5 
mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  pro  parte  persistentes;  petioli  5-11 
mm.  longi,  glabri,  subtus  plerumque  in  transversum  undulato-corrugati ; 
glandulae  2,  laminae  basi  insertae,  breviter  stipitatae;  lamina  e  basi 
acuta  V.  vix  emarginata  obovata,  obovato-oblonga  v.  rhombeo-ob- 
longa,  1.7-6  cm.  longa,  1.1-3  cm.  lata,  paullatim  v.  rarius  subito  acumi- 
nata, inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  circiter  tam  longis  quam  latis, 
acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra  parcissime  stri- 
gulosa  V.  demum  subglabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  laxe  hirta  ceterum 
glabra  v.  sparsim  pilosa,  costa  subtus  utrinque  anguste  albido-alata, 
nervis  utrinsecus  7-10,  subtus  manifeste  pallidior  atque  subcanoviridis, 
papyracea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  nullus;  bracteae  caducae; 
pedicelli  fructiferi  solitarii,  10-13  mm.  longi,  glabri,  incrassati.  Drupa 
globosa,  11-13  mm.  longa,  nigra;  putamen  rotundatum,  7-7.5:6.5- 
6.6:5-5.2  mm.,  validiuscule  sulcatum  ac  manifeste  v.  obsoletissime 
foveolatum,  carina  complanata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300- 
3000  m.,  August  1908  (No.  981);  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300-3000 
m.,  September  1908  (No.  984). 

Prunus  pleuroptera  differs  from  the  allied  P.  lobulafa  Koehne  and  P.  stipulacea 
Maximowicz  in  its  black  fruit  and  globular  not  ovoid  stones. 

Prunus  Zappeyana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  5-metralis;  rami  hornotini  glabri  v.  ima  basi  hirti,  vetustiores 
pallide  cani  v.  fusci;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae,  glabrae,  Stipulae  ovatae 
ad  lineares,  3-6  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  pleraeque  persis- 
tentes; petioh  7-10  mm.  longi,  glabri;  glandulae  1-4,  laminae  basi 
insertae,  breviter  stipitatae;  lamina  e  basi  obtusa  rhombeo-obovato- 
oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga,  1.8-8  cm.  longa,  0.8-3.5  cm.  lata,  sat 


222  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

subito  acuminata,  duplicato-inciso-serrata,  dentibus  2-3fidis,  argute 
acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra  parcissime  stri- 
gulosa  V.  glabra,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis  parce  barbata,  in  costa 
glabra,  in  nervis  parce  v.  parcissime  hirtula,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-7, 
subtus  pallidior,  papyracea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  brevissimus 
V.  ad  6  mm.  longus;  bracteae  1-2,  subrotundatae  v.  ovatae,  4-6  mm. 
longae,  glanduloso-serratae,  persistentes;  pedicelli  solitarii,  15-17 
mm.  longi,  glabri,  summo  apice  excepto  baud  incrassati.  Drupa  ovalis, 
aut  8  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  diam.,  ut  videtur  fusco-rubra  (No.  70), 
aut  globosa,  12  mm.  diam.,  nigra  (No.  45);  putamen  ovatum, 
6.5:4.3:3.5  mm.  v.  8:5:4  mm.,  obsolete  v.  paullo  manifestius  sulca- 
tum, carina  complanata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  70,  belongs  partly  here,  partly  to  P.  pilosinscula,  var.  bar- 
bata Koehne);  thickets,  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  45). 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  this  species  is  named  in  compliment  to  Walter 
Reeves  Zappey,  who  was  associated  with  Wilson  during  1907-1909  for  the  purpose 
of  collecting  Birds  and  Mammals.  His  whole  collection  of  more  than  four  thou- 
sand specimens  has  been  presented  by  Mr.  John  E.  Thayer  to  the  Museum  of 
Comparative  Zoology  of  Harvard  University. 

The  fruits  of  the  two  Nos.  seem  to  be  somewhat  different.  In  No.  70,  too,  the 
leaves  are  smaller  (up  to  4.2:4  m.)  and  in  No.  45  larger  (up  to  8:35).  From  P. 
pleuroptera  Koehne  this  species  is  distinguished  particularly  by  the  ovoid  not  glo- 
bular stones  and  by  the  midrib  not  being  winged  beneath. 

Here  may  be  added  two  doubtful  forms  under  the  following  name: 

Prunus  Zappeyana,  var.  subsimplex  Koehne,  n.  var. 

1.  Exemplaria  fructifera.  Frutex  1.3-2.6  m.  altus;  rami  hornotini 
glabri,  vetustiores  ochraceo-cani;  gemmae  1.5  mm.  longae.  Stipulae 
6-7  mm.  longae;  petioli  5-7  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  superne  parce  villosi; 
lamina  ovato-oblonga,  brevius  serrata,  dentibus  maxima  ex  parte 
simplicibus  v.  subsimplicibus,  acuminatis,  glandula  minutissima  v. 
nulla  terminatis,  supra  in  costa  villosa,  ceterum  parcissime,  praesertim 
versus  marginem,  pilis  conspersa,  subtus  glabra  v.  axilloso-barbulata 
et  in  nervis  venisque  parce  hirtella,  subcoriacea,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-10, 
subtus  multo  pallidior.  Bracteae  4-7,  rotundatae,  3-9  mm.  longae, 
serratae  dentibus  eglandulosis  v.  infimis  tan  turn  crasso-glandulosis; 
pedicelli  solitarii,  13-21  mm.  longi.  Drupa  10:8  mm.,  nigra;  putamen 
8:5:4  mm.,  obsolete  sulcatum. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  cliffs,  etc.,  alt.  1300  m., 
June  1907  (No.  45^). 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  223 

2.  Exemplaria  florentia.  Rami  hornotini  et  annotini  hirti,  dcmum 
ochraceo-cani.  Foliorum  lamina  ad  2  cm.  longa,  supra  strigulosa, 
subtus  axilloso-barbata  ceterum  glabra  v.  parce  pilosa,  dentibus 
parvulis,  simplicibus  v.  subsimplicibus,  glandula  punctiformi  termina- 
tis.  Involucra  5-7  mm.  longa,  plus  minus  decidua;  pcdunculus  nuUus; 
flores  1-2  umbellati,  coaetanci;  bracteae  2-3,  ovatae  v.  rotundatae, 
ad  6-11  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-serratae  glandulis  crassis;  pcdicelli 
4-7  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  5.5  mm.  longa,  anguste  obconico-cam- 
panulata,  glabra;  sepala  erecto-patula,  late  ovata,  2.5  mm.  longa, 
glanduloso-fimbriolata;  petala  ovalia,  7  mm.  longa,  4.5  mm.  lata, 
hand  emarginata,  eroso-denticulata,  alba;  stamina  31,  petalis  subbre- 
viora,  ad  5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12.5  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus 
paullo  longior,  basi  parce  villosus. 

Western  China:  mountains,  alt.  2800  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3526). 

This  plant,  on  account  of  the  rather  short  and  mostly  simple  serratures  of  the 
leaves,  does  not  fit  very  well  into  the  series  Ceraseidos,  but  it  resembles  P.  Zappey- 
ana  so  closely  and  the  petals  and  stamens  are,  as  usual  in  Ceraseidos,  so  small,  that 
I  cannot  place  No.  3526  elsewhere. 

Prunus  gracilifolia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-metralis;  rami  hornotini  ima  basi  pulverulenti  ceterum 
glabri,  fusci,  vetustiores  cinerei;  gemmae  2.5  mm.  longae,  glabrae. 
Stipulae  circ.  3  mm.  longae  lataeque,  inciso-serratae;  petioli  5-7  mm. 
longi,  glabri,  purpurei;  glandulae  plerumque  2  petioli  apici,  praeterea 
saepe  1-2  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  cuneata  obo- 
vato-oblonga,  2-5  cm.  longa,  1.2-2.4  cm.  lata,  longe  acuminata,  inciso- 
duplicato-crenata,  dentibus  tarn  longis  quam  latis  v.  paullo  longioribus, 
obtussissimis,  glandula  capitata  valida  terminatis,  supra  parcissime 
strigulosa  v.  subglabra,  subtus  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-11,  subtus 
multo  pallidior,  rigidulo-papyracea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  nullus; 
pedicelli  fructiferi  l-2ni,  7-10  mm,  longi,  glabri;  bracteae  caducae. 
Drupa  globosa,  7  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  diam.,  nigra;  putamen  ovato- 
oblongum,  obsoletissime  paucisulcatum,  carina  complanata. 

Western  Hupeh:    Fang  Hsien,  cliffs,  etc.,  alt.  1600  m.,  August 
1907  (No.  178). 

Prunus  Rossiana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  hornotini  ima  basi  hirtello-puberuli  ceterum  glabri,  fusci, 
vetustiores  cinerei.  Stipulae  oblique  ovatae  v.  rotundatae,  3-0  mm. 
longae,  glanduloso-dentatae;  petioli  5-10  mm.  longi,  glabri,  purpurei 


224  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

(ut  videtur);  glandulae  plerumque  2,  laminae  basi,  raro  petioli  apici 
insertae;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  acuta  obovato-rotundata,  non- 
nullis  obovatis  intermixtis,  3.5-6  cm.  longa,  1.2-4.2  cm.  lata,  subito 
breviuscule  late  acuminata,  inciso-duplicato-crenata,  dentibus  latiori- 
bus  quam  latis,  obtusissimis  v.  subemarginatis,  glandula  capitata  valida 
terminatis,  supra  parcissime  strigulosa  v.  subglabra,  subtus  in  nervorum 
axillis  barbulata  ceterum  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circ.  7-10,  subtus 
pallidior,  membranacea.  Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  fructifer  1-5 
mm.  longus;  pedicelli  l-2ni,  glabri,  12-14  mm.  longi;  bracteae  ple- 
raeque  caducae,  6-7  mm.  longae,  obtuse  glanduloso-denticulatae, 
glandulis  crassis.  Drupa  ovali-globosa,  9  mm.  longa,  7  mm.  diam., 
nigra  (ut  videtur);  putamen  ovale,  7:4.6:3.2  mm.,  obsolete  paucisul- 
catum  ac  foveolatum,  carina  complanata. 

Western  Hup  eh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  rare!,  alt.  2000  m., 
May  15,  1907  (No.  182,  as  to  fruiting  branches;  the  flowering  branches 
belong  to  P.  litigiosa  abhreviata  Koehne). 

This  species  I  have  named  at  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  in  comphment  to  Andrew 
Ross,  Esq.,  of  Ichang,  China,  to  whom  Wilson  is  indebted  for  much  hospitaUty  and 
other  kindly  assistance. 

Prunus  glandulosa  Thunberg,  var.  trichostyla  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Ramuli  novelli  glaberrimi  v.  pulverulenti.     Stipulae  persistentes. 
Styli  basi  pilosi. 

Forma  Faberi  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Prunus  japonica  J.  Hutchinson  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8260  (non  Thun- 
berg) (1909),  an  hue  pertinet?i 

Stipulae  persistentes,  interdum  basi  pectinato-pinnatifidae;  petioli 
glabri  v.  in  canaliculo  brevissime  puberuli;  glandulae  plerumque  0, 
raro  1-2  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  lanceolata  v.  rarius  oblongo- 
lanceolata,  2-4  cm.  longa,  0.6-11  cm.  lata,  in  innovationibus  ad  7.5 
cm.  longa,  2.4  cm.  lata,  baud  v.  parum  acuminata,  utrinque  glabra 
V.  subtus  leviter  axilloso-barbata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circ.  4-6,  supremis 
verticahbus  v.  conniventibus;  pedicelli  3-9(-14)  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
flores  simphces,  praecoces;  petala  obovata,  6-9  mm.  longa,  4-6.5  mm. 
lata,  alba;  stamina  25-30,  ad  7-8  mm.  longa,  filamentis  saepe  purpureis. 
Drupa  (in  sicco)  subglobosa,  12-13  mm.  longa,  10-11  mm.  diam., 
rubra;  putamen  ovatum,  9:5.5:5.5  mm.,  apiculatum,  carina  obsoleta, 
sulcis  paucis  angustis  irregularibus. 

Shantung:    Tientai    and   Chef 00  Mountains,    1889,   E.   Faber. 

^  The  shape  of  the  leaves  is  not  distinctly  deUneated. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  225 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  roadsides,  alt.  1800  m.,  April  and  June 
1907,  (No.  43);  cliffs,  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  August,  1907, 
(No.  43«). 

Prunus  tomentosa  Thunberg,  var.  endotricha  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Frutex  1-3-metralis,  v,  arbor  fere  7-metralis;  rami  pubescentes  v. 
dense  tomentosi  saepe  in  secundum  tertiumque  annum,  sed  hornotini 
interdum  autumno  basi  glabri,  vetustiores  cortice  rimoso  sero  soluto; 
gemmae  1.5  mm.  longae,  parce  pilosae.  Stipulae  lineari-subulatae,  ad 
6  mm.  longae,  interdum  basi  parce  pectinatae,  persistentes;  petioli 
2-4  mm.  longi,  dense  villoso-tomentosi,  glandulis  nullis;  lamina  e 
basi  acuta  elliptica  v.  oblonga,  raro  in  innovationibus  obovata,  2.5-4.8 
cm.  longa,  1.1-2,6  cm.  lata,  acuta  v.  subacuminata,  crenato-serrata, 
dentibus  latis  rotundatis,  breviter  mucronato-cuspidatis,  supra  par- 
cius  V.  ubere  pilis  conspersa,  subtus  hirto-tomentosa  cana,  nervis 
utrinsecus  6-9  supra  impressis.  Involucra  2-2.5  mm.  longa,  1-flora; 
pedicelli  subnulli  v.  ad  2.5  mm.  longi;  flores  subcoaietanei  foliis  simul 
vix  1  cm.  longis;  cupula  4-5  mm.  longa,  campanulato-tubulosa  v.  ob- 
conica,  glabra,  intus  ima  basi  excepta  densissime  pubescens;  sepala 
2-3  mm.  longa,  patentia,  obtusa,  parce  minutim  serrulata,  extus 
pilosa,  intus  basi  tantum  dense  pubescentia;  petala  8.5-10  mm.  longa, 
6-9.5  mm.  lata,  obovata,  baud  emarginata,  alba;  stamina  17-19,  ad 
4-6  mm.  longa;  pistillum  vix  6  mm.  longum,  ovarium  fere  a  basi  pil- 
osum  pilis  infimis  retrorsis,  stylus  ultra  medium  dense  villosus.  Drupa 
circiter  10.5-14  mm.  longa,  9-12.5  mm.  diam.,  parce  pilosa,  fusco- 
rubra;  putamen  ovato-rotuD datum,  9.5-10:7-8.5:5.5-7  mm.,  laeve, 
carina  obsoleta. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  April 
and  June  1907  (No.  49);  cultivated  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  28).  West- 
ern Szech'uan:  around  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600  m.,  July  26, 
1908  (No.  911);  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  September  1908 
(No.  911",  without  flowers  like  911  but  very  likely  var.  endotricha); 
Szech'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1839,  1842).  —  Northern  Shensi: 
Inkiapo,  Lao-y-san,  May  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5291);  Inkiapo 
above  Si-ku-tzui-shan,  May  1900,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  7186);  Shian-gens  in 
Lao-y-san,  May  12,  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  9293) ;  cemetery  of  Nan-kia- 
fen  near  Huo-kia-zaoz,  June  1,  1897,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5290);  Po-u-li, 
April  1900,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  7148);  Gniu-ju,  May  1893,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  1138). 


226  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 


SUBGENERIS  CERASI  SYSTEMA  NOVUM. 

Tliis  subgenus  can  be  divided  in  two  very  natural  groups: 

Grex  I.  TYPOCERASUS.  Gemmae  supra  quamvis  folii  cicatricem  solitariae, 
hae  floriferae,  illae  ramum  foliatum  promittentes:  plantae  triaxiflorae.  (Gemmae 
saepe  in  ramis  abbreviatis  confertae.)    Petioli  longiusculi  v.  longi. 

If,  as  usual,  the  branch  of  the  previous  year  is  considered  as  axis  I.,  the  axis  of 
the  bud  or  of  the  inflorescence  will  be  axis  II.,  exactly  as  in  the  subgenus  Padus, 
while  the  pedicel  itself,  even  if  the  inflorescence  is  reduced  to  one  flower,  is  to  be 
called  axis  III.     The  plants  therefore  are  tri-axial. 

In  such  a  polymorphous  group  as  Cerasus  it  is  not  surprising  that  transitional 
forms  occur.  Thus  I  have  observed  in  P.  stipulacea  and  P.  microlepis  occasional 
ternate  buds  after  the  type  of  Microcerasus.  Both  species,  however,  belong 
according  to  their  other  characters  to  Typocerasus. 

Grex  II.  MICROCERASUS.  Gemmae  sub  florationis  tempore  typice  ternae, 
media  typice  ramum  foliatum  promittens  (saepissune  vero  abortiva),  laterales 
floriferae;  plantae  quadraxiflorae.  Petioli  insigniter  breves  (exc.  in  P.  pumila 
affinisbusque,  ubi  petioU  longiuscuh). 

The  two  lateral  buds  originate  in  the  axils  of  the  lowest  pair  of  scales  of  the 
middle  bud,  their  axes,  therefore,  become  axes  of  the  third  order,  while  the  pedi- 
cels will  be  axes  of  the  fourth  order.    The  plants,  therefore,  are  quadri-axial. 

Grex  I.   TYPOCERASUS.i 

Sepala  reflexa Sect.  1.   CREMASTOSEPALUM. 

Sepala  erecto-patula  v.  rarius  patentia  (sed  cf.  P.  cerasoidem,  ubi  sepala  interdum 
reflexa  videntur) Sect.  2.  PSEUDOCERASUS. 

Sect.  1.  CREMASTOSEPALUM. 

FoUorum  dentes  obtusae  v.  rotundatae  v.  emarginatae,  glandula  saepissime  oblique 
V.  basaUter  juxta  dentem  sequentem  inserta  v.  rarius  apicali. 
Dentes   brevissimae.      Involucrum    (i.  e.   inflorescentiae   perulae  basales)    ante 
anthesin  deciduum.    (Europa,  Asia  occidentalis,  America  borealis.) 

Subsect.  1.   MAHALEB. 
Folia   suborbicularia.     Petala   glaberrima.     Drupa   nigra   v.   sordide    lutes- 

cens.     (Europa,  Asia  occidentalis.) Ser.  1.   Eumahaleb. 

Folia   longiora  angustiora.      Petala  extus   pilosa,   nonnisi   in  P.  emarginata 

glabra.    Drupa  rubra.     (America  borealis.)    .    .    .      Ser.  2.   Paramahaleb. 

Dentes  bene  evolutae.     Involucrum  sub  anthesi  arete  adhaerens  magnum  v. 

majusculum.     (Europa,  Asia  occidentalis.)     .    .    .  Subsect.  2.   EUCERASUS, 

Fohorum  dentes  acutae  v.  acuminatae  v.  subito  brevissime  cuspidatae  glandula 

apicali. 

Petala  baud  emarginata. 

Bracteae  herbaceae  saepe  majusculae,  sub  fructu  persistenteg.    Florea  coae- 
tanei. 
Racemi  breves  v.  longiusculi,  (3-)4-9-flori,  densi-  v.  laxiflori,  pedunculati. 
(China,  Japonia  usque  ad  terram  Amurensem  et  insulam  Saghalin.) 

Subsect.  3.   PHYLLOMAHALEB. 

*  Several  species  of  which  the  flowers  are  not  known  can  be  referred  to  certain 
groups  only  according  to  their  general  character.  Therefore  a  revision  of  these 
species  will  be  necessary  when  complete  material  is  available. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  227 

Glandulae   foliorum   bractearumque    dentibus    insidentea   minutiasimae, 
interdum  bractearum  glandulae  infimae  tantum  majores.     (Distributio 

subsectionis.) Ser.  1.   Aphanadenium. 

Glandulae  foliorum  atque  imprimis  bractearum  crassae  v.  crassiasimae, 
breviter  conicae  v.  depresso-disciformes.    (China.) 

Ser.  2.    Macradenium. 

Umbellae  (l-)2— i-florae,  flore  infimo  saepe  paullo  inferius  inserto,  breviter 

pedunculatae  V.  rare  sessiles.    (China.)    Subsect.  4.    PHYLLOCERASUS. 

Bracteae  membranaceae  minimae,  sub  anthesi  vel  paullo  posterius  deciduae. 

Flores  coaetanei  v.  praecoces.     (China.) 

Subsect.  5.   PSEUDOMAHALEB. 

Petala  inciso-biloba  v.  manifeste  emarginata.    Umbellae  sessiles  v.  breviter  v. 

longiuscule  pedunculatae  flore  infimo  subremoto,  floribus  (l-)2-6.     (China.) 

Subsect.  6.   LOBOPETALUM. 

Sepala  cupula  nunc  brevi  lata  nunc  manifeste  tubulosa  breviora.     Involucra 

sub  anthesi  nunc  decidua  nunc  persistentia;  bracteae  minimae  v.  inclusae. 

Flores  praecoces Ser.  1.    Heterocalyx. 

Sepala  cupula  brevi  lataque  duplo  longiora  lanceolata  (in  speciebus  nonnullis 
habitu  hue  pertinentibus  vero  ignota).  Involucra  (quoad  nota)  sub  anthesi 
persistentia;  bracteae  herbaceae  majusculae  v.  interdum  absconditae. 
Flores  coaetanei  v.  praecoces Ser.  2.   Cyclaminium. 

Sect.  2.   PSEUDOCERASUS.i 

FoUa  subtus  glanduUs  punctata.    (Terra  Amurensis.) 

Subsect.  7.   HYPADENIUM. 
Folia  subtus  eglandulosa. 

Involucra  magna,  circiter  1  cm.  longa  v.  majora.    Folia  haud  insigniter  lobulato- 
v.  incisonduplicato-serrata. 
Pedicelli  fructiferi  haud  v.  apice  tantum  sensim  incrassati. 

Cupula  e  basi  acuta  turbinato-tubulosa  v.  anguste  tubulosa,  sepala  cupula 
sublongiora  v.  paullo,  raro  dimidio  breviora.  Flores  coaetanei  v.  prae- 
coces (in  P.  parvifolia^  vero  dicunter  autumnales).  Fohorum  dentes  saepe 
acuminatissimae  v.  in  setulam  exciirrentes.  Drupae  nigrae;  putamen 
(quoad   notum)  laeve  v.    obsolete  sulcatum.      (China,  Korea,  Japonia, 

Saghalin.) Subsect.  8.   SARGENTIELLA. 

Cupula  e  basi  obtusa  campanulata  v.  cylindracea.  Drupae  quoad  notae 
rubrae. 
Flores  praecoces.  Putamen  (quoad  notum)  laeve  v.  obsolete  sulcatum, 
(in  P.  pauciflora  tantum  reticulato-costatum).  Cupula  5-9  mm. 
longa,  sepala  cupula  dimidio  circiter  v.  paullo  breviora.  Foliorum 
dentes  majusculae,  acutae  v.  acuminatae,  rarius  setaceo-acuminatae. 
Umbellae  sessiles  v.  interdum  pedunculo  ad  10  mm.  longo  insidentea. 

(China,  Japonia.) Subsect.  9.    CONRADINIA. 

Flores  coaetanei.     Putamen  insigniter  rugosum,  obtusissimum.     Foli- 
orum dentes  parvae  v.  minimae.    (Tibet,  Yunnan.) 

Subsect.  10.   SERRULA. 

'  Here  particularly  the  position  of  many  species  known  only  in  fruiting  speci- 
mens will  need  confirmation  by  further  investigation  based  on  more  complete 
material. 

*  The  flowers  of  the  specimens  kindly  sent  me  by  Mr.  Matsumura  of  Tokyo 
were  collected  in  spring  according  to  a  note  on  the  labels. 


228  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Pedicelli  fructiferi  insigniter  incrassati.  Putamen  insigniter  rugosum,  ob- 
tuaissimum  (in  P.  campanulata  tantum  apiculatum).  Flores  coaetanei  v. 
autumnales;  cupula  6.5-15  mm.  longa,  sepala  plerumque  cupula  dimidia, 
rarius  tertia  parte  brevior.  Foliorum  dentes  acutae  v.  acuminatae,  nimquam 
setula  terminatae.  Umbellae  plerumque  sessiles,  baud  raro  in  eadem  specie 
etiam  pedunculo  ad  15  mm.  longo  insidentes.    (Sikkim,  Nepal,  Siam,  China 

orientalis,  Formosa,  Oshima?) Subsect.  11.    PUDDUM. 

Involucra  aut  parva  aut  folia  insigniter  incise-  v.  lobulato-duplicato-serrata. 
Folia  breviter  v,  sat  profunde  serrata.  Involucra  parva,  5-7  mm.  longa; 
flores  praecoces  v.  subcoaetanei;  umbellae  sessiles  v.  pedimculus  ad  5,  raro 
ad  15  mm.  longus;  cupula  4-7  mm.,  sepala  2.5-5  mm.;  stylus  pilosus  v. 
raro  glaber.  Drupae  nigrae  (quoad  notae);  putamen  6-7  mm.  longum, 
obsolete  sulcatum.    (China,  Korea,  Japonia.) 

Subsect.  12.   MICROCALYMMA. 

Folia  insigniter  inciso-  v.  lobulato-duplicato-serrata  v.  -crenata  (sed  cf.  vari- 

etates  dubias  P.  Zappeyanae).     Flores  coaetanei,  multo  rarius  praecocea. 

(China,  Japonia,  Ins.  Kurilenses.)   ....    Subsect.  13.   CERASEIDOS. 

Bracteae  euphylloideae,  inferiores  breviter  petiolatae  (in  P.  Veitchii  paul- 

lulum  tantum  supra  involucrum  exsertae,  in  P.  canescente  non  in  omnibus 

inflorescentiis  praesentes.     (China.) Ser.  1.  Phyllopodium. 

Bracteae  haud  euphylloideae. 

Bracteae  herbaceae  majusculae  (3-8  mm.),  insigniter  glanduloso-fimbri- 

atae,  flores  subracemosi.     (China.) Ser.  2.   Droserina. 

Bracteae  haud  insigniter  glanduloso-fimbriatae. 

FoUorum  dentes  glandulis  parvis  v.  nullis  terminatae,  haud  obtusissimae. 
Dentes  acutissimae  v.  acuminatissimae,  glandula  nulla  v.  puncti- 

formi.     (China,  1  species  Japonica.) Ser.  3.   Oxyodon. 

Dentes  obtusiusculae  subcuspidatae,  glandula  parva  sed  manifesta 
capitata  terminatae.    (Japonia,  Insulae  Kurilenses,  1  species  chi- 

nensis.) Ser.  4.   Euceraseidos. 

Foliorum  dentes  obtusissimae  v.  subemarginatae,  glandula  vaUda  subde- 
pressa  terminatae.     (China.) Ser.  5.  Amblyodon. 

GrexII.   MICROCERASUS. 

Sepala  reflexa,  cupula  nunc  breviora  nunc  longiora;  cupula  circ.  tarn  longa  quam 
lata  V.  paullo  latior,  Flores  1-4  typice  umbellati;  involucra  minima, 
Bub  anthesi,  saepe  etiam  sub  fructu  persistentia,  foliis  parvis  herbaceis 
easdem  superantibus  rarissimis;  petala  haud  emarginata.  Ovarium  glabrum 
V.  rarissime  apice  parce  pilosum.  (America  borealis,  Asia  centralis  et  ori- 
entalis,  Himalaya.) Sect  1.   SPIRAEOPSIS. 

Folia  basi  usque  ad  tertiam  partem  v.  ultra  medium  Integra,  superne  brevia- 
sime  V.  minutim  subremote  arguto-serrulata ;  petioli  2-11  mm.  longi. 
Stylus  glaberrimus.  Drupa  nigra.  Plantae  glaberrimae  ramis  nee  virgatia 
nee  gracillimis.     (America  borealis.)    .    .   Subsect.  1.    MYRICOCERASUS. 

Folia  inde  a  basi  dense  simpliciter  v.  duplicato-crenata  v.  -serrata,  dentibua 
obtusis  v.  acutis;  petioli  2-6,  raro  ad  9  mm.  longi.  Stylus  nunc  glaber 
nunc  baai  pilosus.  Drupa  rubra.  Plantae  ramis  virgatis  v.  gracillimis. 
(Himalaya,  Tibet,  China  ad  Mandschuriam,  Japonia.) 

Subsect.  2.   SPIRAEOCERASUS. 
Sepala  erecta  v.  erecto-patula  v.  raro  patentia,  cupula  multo,  rarius  paullo  breviora, 

raro  sublongiora,  cupula  manifeste  tubulosa,  v.  raro  tam  longa  quam  lata 

tunc  simul  ovarium  saltern  apice  denaissime  hirtum.    Flores  l-2m,  pedicelli 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  229 

nulli  V.  breves,  ad  summum  cupulae  aequilongi;  involucra  parva,  sub  anthesi 
persiatentia;  petala  haud  emarginata  (an  semper?).  (Africa  borcalis,  Europa 
meridionalis,  Creta,  Asia  occidentalis  et  centralis,  Himalaya,  China;  in  Korea 
et  Japonia  nonnisi  culta) Sect.  II.   AMYGDALOCERASUS. 

CLAVES   SEU   CONSPECTUS   SPECIERUM   SINENSIUM. 

Grexl.   TYPOCERASUS,  p.  237. 

Sect.  1.  CREMASTOSEPALUM,  p.  237. 

Subsect.  1.  MAHALEB,  p.  237. 
Nulla  species  chinensis. 

Subsect.  2.  EUCERASUS,  p.  237. 
Nulla  species  chinensis. 

Subset.  3.  PHYLLOMAHALEB,  p.  238. 

Ser.  1.   Aphanadenium,  p.  238. 

Cupula  sepala  petala  glaberrima  (in  altera  specie  P.  Maximowiczii  haud  chinensi 
pilosa) P.  pulchella. 

Ser.  2.   Macradenium,  p.  238. 

Glandulae  foliorum  bractearumque  dentibus  insidentes  breviter  conicae.     Petioli 
pallidi  V.  interdum  purpurascentes. 
FoUa  subtus  glabra  v.  in  nervorum  axillis  barbulata  v.  in  costa  parcissime  pilosa. 
Racemi  glaberrimi. 
Folia  latiora    (3.5-9:2.4-4.8   cm.).      Pedicelli   5-15    mm.   longi.      Putamen 
oblique  ovatum,  validiuscule  oblique  sulcatum  apiceque  scrobiculatum. 

P.  conadenia. 

Folia  angustiora  (4-8.7: 2-3. 5 (-4)  cm.).    Pedicelli  12-22  mm.  longi.    Putamen 

rotundatum,  valide  reticulato-sulcatum  ac  scrobiculatum.      P.  pleiocerasus. 

Folia  subtus  undique  breviter  hirtella.     Racemorum  axis   brevis   pedicellique 

hirtelli P.  macradenia. 

Glandulae  foliorum,  sed  imprimis  bractearum  depresso-disciformes.    Petioli  saepis- 
sime  saturate  v.  nigricanti-purpurei.    Putamen  ovatum. 
Folia  majora  (4-10:2.5-5  cm.).    Bracteae  majores  (8-25  mm.  longae).    Putamen 

obsolete  oblique  sulcatum P.  discadettia. 

Folia  minora   (3-4:2  cm.).     Bracteae  minores   (3-8  mm.   longae).     Putamen 
laevissimum P.  szechuanica. 

Subsect.  4.  PHYLLOCERASUS,*  p.  238. 

Glandulae    foliorum    dentibus    insidentes    crassiusculae,    subdepresso-capitatae 
(v.  in  var.  stenadenia  conicae),  bractearum  insigniter  disciformes,  crassae  (v.  in 

*  The  conspectus  of  tliis  group  must  be  considered  as  provisional  and  can  give 
only  an  approximate  guide  for  the  determination  of  the  species.  It  is  not  pos- 
sible to  give  a  workable  key,  as  of  several  species  only  the  flowers,  of  others  only 
the  fruits  are  known. 


230  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

var.  stenadenia  minores  anguste  oblongae).    Plantae  glaberrimae  exceptis  ner- 
vorum axillis  in  inferiore  foliorum  pagina  interdum  leviter  barbatis. 

P.  tatsienensis. 
Glandulae  foliorum  dentibua  insidentes  inconspicuae  v.  minutae,  bractearum  baud 
crasse  disciformes  infimis  interdum  exceptis. 
Folia  laete  viridia,  subtus  plus  minus  pallidiora  (raro  adulta  pallida  subconcoloria 
sed  tunc  obovato-oblonga  reticulo  supra  baud  prominulo);   dentes  plermn- 
que  angustiores  argutius  acuminatae. 
Petala  rotundata  v.  ovato-rotundata  v.  obovata,  apice  obtusissima   (ignota 
in  P.  polytricha,  quae  pedicellis  pilosis  gaudet). 
Involucra  pleraque  v.  omnia  sub  anthesi  decidua  (ignota  in  P.  polytricha). 
Pedicelli  typice  glabri  v.  sparsim  pilosi,  10-30  mm.,  fructiferi  interdum 
ad  48  mm.  longi. 
Putamen  late  obovatmn  v.  ovali-rotundatum,  laevissimum. 

P.  variabilis. 
Putamen  angustum,  7-8  mm.  longum,  3-4  mm.  latum,  leviter  sulcatum 

V.  subreticulato-costulatum P.  pilosiuscula. 

Pedicelli  densiuscule  v.  dense  pilosi. 

Folia  utrinque  imdique  pilosa.  Cupula  dense  hirtello-villosa,  sepala  In- 
tegra ciliata.  Pedicelli  (fructiferi)  19-30  mm.  longi.  Putamen  an- 
gustmn,  7  mm.  longum  4  mm.  latum  validiuscule  sulcatum. 

P.  polytricha. 
Folia  costa  excepta  glabra.    Cupula  glabra,  sepala  minutim  denticulata; 
pedicelli  (floriferi)  9-12  mm.  longi.    (Putamen  ignotum.) 

P.  Rehderiana. 
Involucra  sub  anthesi  persistentia;  pedicelli  glabri,  10  mm.  longi.     Folia 
supra  sparsim  strigulosa,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  breviter  hirtella. 

P.  venusta. 
Petala  anguste  oblonga,  8  mm.  longa,  3.5  mm.  lata,  acutiuscula.     Involucra 

sub  anthesi  plus  minus  persistentia P.  litigiosa. 

FoUa  insigniter  palhda,  utrinque  concolora,  subtus  nitidula,  orbicularia  v. 
orbiculari-obovata;  venarum  reticulum  supra  manifeste  prominulum,  subtus 
obscurum;  dentes  breves  latiusculae,  cuspidatae,  eglandulosae.     P.  clarofolia. 

Subsect.  5.   PSEUDOMAHALEB,   p.  239. 

Stylus  inferne  pilosus;  cupula  subanguste  campanulata;  sepala  cupulam  dimidiam 
aequantia  v.  longiora,  Integra. 
Cupula  dense  hirteUa,  ut  pedicelli;  sepala  utrinque  hirtella;   petala  6-8  mm. 

longa P.  yunnanensis. 

Cupula  glabra  v.  subglabra,  ut  pedicelh;   sepala  intus  glabra.    Petala  10-11 
mm.  longa. 
Folia  subtus  in  nervis  densiuscule  pilosa.     Flores  2-3  umbellati;  sepala 

calyce  paullo  breviora P.  Macgregoriana. 

Folia  subtus  glabra  v.  vix  in  nervorum  axillis  barbulata.    Flores  3-6  race- 

moso-umbellati.    Sepala  cupulam  dimidiam  aequantia  ...     P.  Henryi. 

Stylus  glaberrimus;    cupula  campanulato-tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  cupulae  parti 

quartae  aequilonga,  minutim  glanduloso-denticulata,  glabra;  flores  3-5  racemoso- 

umbellati,  pedicelli  glabri P.  neglecta. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  231 

Subaect.  6.   LOBOPETALUM,  p.  241. 

Ser.  1.  Heterocalyx,  p.  241. 

Clavis  Specierum,  qtjarum  Flores  suppetunt. 

The  two  species  of  which  the  flowers  are  not  yet  known  cannot  be  compared 
with  the  others  and  therefore  are  only  mentioned  here;  the  material  available  ia 
not  yet  sufficient  to  form  a  clear  idea  of  the  affinity  of  the  species  in  this  group. 

Styli  glabri. 

Pedicelfi  parce  pilosi  v.  glabri;   involucra  ante  anthesin  decidua  v.  paucissima 
persistentia;  cupula  glabra  v.  basi  tantum  villosa. 
Pedunculus  5-9  mm.  longus,  laxe  liirtellus;  pedicelli  laxe  villosiusculi;   cupula 
subanguste  campanulata,  basi  densiuscule  hirtella,  superne  glabra;   petala 
biloba  sinu  triangulari-aperto;  stamina  34,  petalis  triente  breviora. 

P.  scopulorum. 

Pedunculus  nullus;    pedicelU  glaberrimi;  cupula  breviter  tubulosa,   glabra; 

petala  inciso-biloba,  sinu  angusto;  stamina  54,  petalis  quarta  parte  breviora. 

P.  glabra. 
Pedicelli  dense  pilosi,  involucris  arete  adhaerentibus  inclusi  v.  subinclusi;  cupula 
dense  pilosa  v.  superne  glabra;  petala  biloba,  sinu  triangulari-aperto. 
Cupula  campanulata;  petala  orbicularia;  stamina  43,  petaUs  triente  breviora. 

P.  involucraia. 
Cupula  breviter  tubulosa;   petala  basi  cuneata,  ovato-oblonga;   stamina  51, 

petaUs  aequilonga P.  hirtipes. 

Styli  inferne  pilosi;  pedicelli  floresque  dense  pilosi. 

Involucra  sub  anthesi  fere  omnia  caduca.  Pedicelfi  12-14  mm.  longi;  cupula 
tubulosa;  sepala  intus  glabra;  petala  ovalia,  inciso-biloba,  sinu  angustissimo; 

stamina  39,  petalis  triente  breviora P.  Schneider iana. 

Involucra  arete  adhaerentia;  pedicelfi  6-9  mm.  longi,  inclusi  v.  subinclusi;  cupula 
campanulata;  sepala  intus  breviter  villosa;  petala  ovata,  brevissime  emar- 
ginata;    stamina  33,  petaUs  aequilonga P.  Duclouxii. 

Species  quarum  flores  ignoti. 

Plantae  glabrae.    Fofia  majuscula  lata,  dentibus  parvulis  v.  mediocribus,  latis, 
cuspidatis. 
Petiofi  8-10  mm.  longi,  glandulas  2  crassas  gerentes;   lamina  12-13.5  cm.  longa, 

6.5-8.4  cm.  lata,  dentibus  glandula  valida  breviter  conica  terminatis.  P.  ampla. 
Petioli  10-16  mm.  longi,  aut  maculas  2  vi.x  tumidas  aut  glandulas  latas  (interdum 

laminae  basi  insidentes)  gerentes;    lamina  6.5-13  cm.  longa,  4-7.4  cm.  lata, 

dentibus  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis P.  malijolia. 

Ser.  2.   Cyclaminium,  p.  243. 

I  assume  that  the  species  of  which  the  flowers  are  unknown  belong  here,  because 
the  leaves  resemble  closely  those  of  P.  Didsiana. 

Ramufi  hornotini  glabri.    Fofia  supra  glabra.     Involucrum  magnum,  sub  anthesi 
persistens.     Flores  (2-)3-6  umbeUati  v.  subumbellati. 
Petioli  glabri,  lamina  subtus  glabra  v.  in  nervis  initio  parce  pilosa.     Bracteae 
brevius  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  pedicelli  laxiuscule  villosi  v.  superne  villosi; 
flores  coaetanei;  cupula  glabra;   petalorum  sinus  anguste  triangularis. 

P.  qjclamina. 


232  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Petioli  initio  villosi,  lamina  subtus  dense  villosa.     Bracteae  insigniter  glanduloso- 

fimbriatae;    pedicelli  laxe  v.  dense  villosi.     Flores   praecoces  v.  subpraecoces; 

cupula  villosiuscula;    petalorum  sinus  late  triangularis.     ...  P.  Dielsiana. 

Ramuli  hornotini  pilosi.    Folia  supra  sparsim  strigulosa  v.  breviter  villosa,  subtus 

plerumque  dense  pilosa,  saltern  in  foliis  supremis.     (Flores  ignoti.)     Pedicelli 

fructiferi  solitarii  v.  bini  v.  terni  pilosi. 

Folia  minora,  4-7  cm.  longa,   1.8-3.3  cm.  lata.     Bracteae  5-10  mm.  longae. 

Pedicelli  21-32  mm.  longi.     Putamen  manifeste  sulcatum.     P.  plurinervis , 

Folia  majora,  pleraque  ultra  8  cm.  longa.    Bracteae  caducae  v.  ad  5  mm.  longae. 

Putamen  obsolete  sulcatum. 

Rami  hornotini  breviter  hirti.     Lamina  elliptica  v.  oblonga,  8-9.5  cm.  longa, 

2.5-4.2  cm.  lata;    supra   sparsim   strigosa.     Bracteae   caducae.     Putamen 

ovatum P.  rufoidcs. 

Rami  hornotini  dense  rufo-hirsuti.  Lamina  ovata  v.  obovata  v.  obovato- 
oblonga,  ad  13.5  cm.  longa,  5.7  cm.  lata,  supra  pilis  rigidulis  conspersa. 
Bracteae  5  mm.  longae,  glandulis  marginaUbus  sessilibus.  Putamen  sub- 
rotundatum P.  hirtifolia. 

Sect.  2.   PSEUDOCERASUS,  p.  244. 

Subsect.  7.   HYPADENIUM,  p.  244. 
Nulla  species  in  China. 

Subsect.  8.   SARGENTIELLA,  p.  245. 

Flores  coaetanei. 

Folia  subtus  dense  molliter  pilosa,  petioli  pilosi.  Pedicelli  plus  minus  pilosi; 
cupula  parce  pilosa  v.  subglabra;   stylus  basi  pUosus.     (Flores  nonnisi  pleni 

noti.) P.  pseudocerasus. 

Folia  subtus  glabra  v.  parce  pilosa.    Cupula  glabra;   stylus  glaber  (in  P.  Wil- 

deniana  ignotus). 

Folia  (infimis  interdum   exceptis)  9-15    cm.  longa,  4.5-7    cm.  lata,  utrinque 

glaberrima  v.  raro  subtus  barbulata,  petiolis  glaberrimis,  intense  viridia,  den- 

tibus  setaceo-acuminatis.     Inflorescentiae  glaberrimae.     .    .     P.  serrulata. 

Folia  4.5-9.5   cm.  longa,  2.2-5.1    cm.  lata,  petiohs   saepe   pilosis,  dentibus 

nunquam  setaceo-acuminatis.     Pedicelli  saepe  pilosuli. 

Petioli  10-20  mm.  longi;    foUa  supra  glabra  v.  raro  initio  pilis  conspersa, 

subtus   glabra,  subpallida,  nervis   utrinsecus   8-9;    cupula  6.5-10  mm. 

longa  angusta;  sepala  4-5  mm P.  tenuiflora. 

Petioli  6-11  mm.  longi;  folia  supra  in  costa  v.  etiam  in  nervis,  interdum  etiam 
facie  pilis  conspersa,  subtus  in  costa  densiuscule,  in  nervis  laxius  rigidulo- 
pilosa  ceterum   glabra   v.  subglabra,  nervis  utrinsecus    10-14;    cupula 

4  mm.  longa;  sepala  3  mm P.  Wildeniana. 

Flores  praecoces  v.  subpraecoces,  glaberrimi,  1-2  in  umbella  sessilibus  v.  subsessi- 
libus. 
Glandulae  foliorum  dentibus  insidentes  inconspicuae.    Pedicelli  8-9  mm.  longi; 
cupula  9  mm.,  sepala  Integra  4-5  mm.,  petala  10  mm.  longa;    stamina  (37) 

6  mm.;  stylus  glaber P.concinna. 

Glandulae  foliorum  dentibus  insidentes  validae.  Pedicelli  9-12  mm.  longi; 
cupula  7  mm.;  sepala  frequenter  glanduloso-fimbriolata  4.5  mm.;  petala 
6  mm.  longa;  stamina  (25)  3.5  mm.;  stylus  inferne  parce  villosus. 

P.  Twymaniana. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  233 

Subscct.  9.   CONRADINIA,  p.  252. 

Stylus  inferne  hirsutus;  cupula  sepalaque  extus  minutim  pubeacentia. 

P.  Sprengeri. 
Stylus  glaber. 

Pedicelli,  cupula  sepalaque  glabra.    Rami  hornotini  petiolique  glabri. 

Petala  10-12  mm.  longa,  emarginato-biloba P.  Conradinae. 

Petala  9.5  mm.  longa,  acutissima P.  Helcnae. 

Pedicelli,  cupula  sepalaque  pilosa.    Rami  hornotini  petiolique  pilosi. 

Rami  vetustiores  nigrofusci.    Pedicelli  7  mm.  longi,  sepala  3.5  mm.  longa,  sub- 

retusa;  petala  12-13  mm.,  stamina  (39)  ad  9  mm.  longa.     ...  P.  saltuum. 

Rami  vetustiores  pallide  ochracei.    Pedicelli  7-17  mm.  longi;  sepala 3  mm.  longa, 

acuta;  petala  8.5  mm.;  stamina  (49)  ad  7  mm.  longa.  ...  P.  pauciflora. 

Subsect.  10.   SERRULA,  p.  252. 

Folia  late  elliptica  (8-12:3.2-4.8  cm.)  petiolis  12-20  mm.  longis.  Ramuli  novelli 
glabri.  Pedicelli  7-27  mm.  longi;  cupula  9-10  mm.,  sepala  4-5.5  mm.  longa, 
integra;  petala  15  mm.  longa,  Integra  v.  vix  emarginata;  stamina  32-34,  ad  10 
V.  12  mm.  longa;  stylus  glaber P.  majestica. 

Folia  lanceolata  (3.5-10:0.7-2.5  cm.),  petiolis  5-14  mm.  longis.  Ramuli  novelli 
tenere  pubescentes.  Pedicelli  5-14  mm.  longi;  cupula  8-9  mm.,  sepala  3  mm. 
longa  minutim  glanduloso-denticulata;  petala  8.5  mm.  longa,  integra  v.  subtricus- 
pidata;  stamina  44,  ad  10  mm.  longa;  stylus  inferne  pubescens.  .    .  P.  serrula. 

Subsect.  11.   PUDDUM,  p.  253. 

Glaberrima,  exceptis  foliis  initio  subtus  in  nervis  pilis  paucissimis  teneris  con- 
epersis.  Petioli  7-8  mm.  longi  eglanduloai;  lamina  elliptica  v.  ovato-  v.  lanceolato- 
elliptica,  inaequaliter  argute  serrata  dentibus  subincurvis,  glandula  minima  ter- 
minatis,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  8-9.  Involucra  ad  15  mm.  longa.  Umbellae 
subsessiles  1-3-florae;  pedicelli  6-15  mm.  longi.  Flores  subcoaetanei  foliis  simul 
2.5-4  cm.  longis;  cupula  6.5-9  mm.  longa  campanulata  v.  campanulato-tubulosa; 
sepala  4-5  mm.  longa,  obtusa;  petala  campanulato-conniventia,  10-11  mm.  longa, 
rosea;  stamina  circ.  25,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  8.5  v.  10.5  mm.  longa;  stylus 
glaber.  Drupa  conica,  16  mm.  longa,  11  mm.  diam.,  rubra;  putamen  conico- 
ellipticum  circ.  12  mm.  longum  8  mm.  latum,  foveolatum.    ...  P.  campanulata. 

Subsect.  12.   MICROCALYMMA,  p.  254. 

Gemmae  pilosae.  Petioli  9-16  mm.  longi,  plus  minus  pilosi;  glandulae  rarae, 
laminae  basi,  rarius  petioli  apici  insertae;  lamina  oblonga,  obovato-oblonga,  obo- 
vato-lanceolata  v.  late  elliptica,  acuminata,  breviter  argute  simpliciter  serrata, 
subtus  in  costa  nervisque,  in  innovationum  foliis  etiam  in  facie  dense  accumbenti- 
pilosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  9-14(-17)  approximatis  parallelis  rectis.  Involucra  7 
mm.  longa;  pedunculus  2-5  mm.  longus;  flores  (l-)2-4  umbcllati,  subpraecoces, 
foliis  simul  1.5-3  cm.  longis;  bracteae  saepe  caducae;  pedicelli  13-26  mm.  longi, 
dense  villosi;  cupula  5-7  mm.  longa,  tubulosa  v.  suburceolata,  dense  villosa; 
sepala  oblonga  3-4  mm.  longa,  frequenter  argute  serrulata,  extus  dense  pilosa; 
petala  rotundata  v.  rotundato-ovalia,  9.5-13  mm.  longa,  6-9  mm.  lata,  biloba; 
stamina  13-24,  petalis  breviora,  ad  4.5-7  mm.  longa;  stylus  inferne  dense  villosus. 
Drupa  nigra,  putamen  obsolete  sulcatum P.  Herincqiana. 


234  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Subsect.  13.  CERASEIDOS,  p.  257. 

Ser.  1.  Phyllopodium,  p.  257. 

Cupula  sepalaque  pilosa,  stylus  inferne  pilosus.  Folia  supra  hirta.  Flores  coae- 
tanei;  pedunculi  brevissimi  v.  ad  10(-17)  mm.  longi;  cupula  5.5-6.5  mm., 
sepala  2-4  mm.,  petala  baud  emarginata  4-5  mm.,  stamina  2-3.5  mm.  longa. 
Petioli  glabri,  folia  subtus  in  nervis  tantum  pilosa,  nervorum  paribus  circiter 
10;  dentes  latiores  quam  longae,  mucronatae,  glandula  terminatae;  cupula 
6  mm.;   sepala  Integra  etiam  intus  pilosa,  2  mm.;    petala  4  mm.;    stamina 

2  mm P.  setulosa. 

Petioli  hirti  v.  hirsuti,  folia  subtus  undique  hirta.    Petala  5  mm.;  stamina  3-3.5 
mm.  longa. 
Foliorum  dentes  tarn  longae  quam  latae  v.  paullo  longiores,  subito  argutissime 
acuminatae,  glandula  nulla  v.  fere  inconspicua  terminatae.     Flores  l-2ni; 
cupula  6.5  mm.  longa;  sepala  3.5  mm.,  Integra,  intus  pilosa.   .   P.  phyllopoda. 
Foliorum  dentes  latiores  quam  longae,  e  parte  obtusa  subito  cuspidatae   v. 
mucronato-cuspidatae,  glandula  bene  conspicua  capitata  v.  depressa    ter- 
minatae.    Flores  (l-)2-5ni;   cupula  5.5  cm.  longa;  sepala  4  mm.  serrulata 
V.  rarius  Integra,  intus  glabra  v.  parce  tenere  pilosa    ....   P.  canescens. 
Cupula  sepalaque  glabra,  stylus  glaber.     Folia  supra  glabra,  subtus  in  nervis 
pilosa,  dentes  vix  longiores  quam  latae,  cuspidatae,  eglandulosae.     Flores  prae- 
coces;    pedunculi  nulli;  pedicelli  8-13  mm.  longi,  glabri;    cupula  8-10  mm., 
tubulosa;    sepala  4.5-5  mm.,  integra;  petala  10  mm.,  emarginata;  stamina  9 
mm P.  Veitchii. 

Ser.  2.   Droserina,  p.  257. 

Rami  juveniles  dense  breviter  hirtelli.  Petioli  hirsuti,  foliorum  dentes  eglandulosae, 
pagina  inferior  in  nervis  hirsuta.  Pedunculi  pedicellique  hirsuti;  cupula  6.5 
mm.  longa,  suburceolato-campanulata,  ima  basi  pilosa  ceterum  glabra;  sepala 
2  mm.  longa,  integra;  petala  6.8  mm.  longa,  baud  acuta;  stamina  40;  stylus 
inferne  dense  lanato-villosus P.  Giraldiana. 

Rami  juveniles  pilis  longis  paucissimis  conspersi.  Petioli  glabri,  foliorum  dentes 
glandula  valida  conica  terminatae,  pagina  inferior  undique  pilosa.  Pedimculi 
pedicellique  glabri;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  obconico-campanulata,  glabra;  sepala 
2.3  mm.  longa,  minutim  glanduloso-denticulata;  petala  5.5  mm.  longa,  acuti- 
uscula;   stamina  26;   stylus  inferne  parce  villosus      P.  droseracea, 

Ser.  3.   OxYODON,  p.  258. 

It  has  been  impossible  to  draw  up  a  good  conspectus  of  the  species  of  this  group, 
as  the  flowers  of  five  species  are  unknown,  and  I  have  been  obliged  to  separate 
those  of  which  the  flowers  are  known  from  those  of  which  only  the  fruits  are  known 
and  to  indicate  the  distinguishing  characters  more  fully,  that  in  some  degree  a  correct 
determination  may  be  obtained.  Primus  Zappeya7ia  ?  var.  subsimplex  has  been 
omitted  as  being  of  a  too  doubtful  position. 

Conspectus  Specierum  quarum  Flores  noti. 

Folia  semper  acuminata.     Sepala  semper,  saepe  parce,  brevissime  glanduloso- 
fimbriolata.    Cupula  glabra  (excepta  in  P.  micromeloide) . 
Flores  coaetanei. 

Sepala  intus  plus  minus  pilosa.  Petioli  6-10  mm.  glabri  v.  superne  parce  pilosi. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  235 

Lamina  ovata,  obovata,  obovato-oblonga  (2.5-4.5: 1.3-2.3  cm.),  dentibus  late 
triangularibus,  supra  in  co.sta  pubescens,  in  nervis  parce  stri  gosa,  juxta 
costam  glabram  v.  vsubglabram  pilis  longis  obsita,  ceterum  parce  vel  uberiua 
villosa,  nervorum  paribu.s  8-12.  Pedunculus  3-11  mm.,  bracteae  3-8  mm.; 
pedicelli  2-3ni,  11-20  mm.,  glabri;  cupula  5-7.5  mm.,  subanguste  obconi(!o- 
campanulata;  sepala  2-3  mm.;  pctala  7-8.5  mm.;  .stamina  (25-33)  ad  7.5mm.; 
stylus  ad  v.  ultra  medium  dense  villosus.  Drupa  ignota  .  .  P.  trichostoma. 
Sepala  intus  glabra. 

Stamina  25-33.  Folia  ovata,  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga.  Floras  l-3ni; 
petala  5-6  mm.;  stamina  ad  4-6.5  mm. 
Folia  minora,  2-5:2.1-2.4  cm.  Bracteae  2mm.  longae  deciduae.  Ramuli 
juveniles  dense  pilosi  mox  glabrati.  Petioli  7-11  mm.,  glabri;  lamina  supra 
in  costa  albo-pubescens  ceterum  substrigulosa  v.  glabrata,  subtus  juxta 
costam  glabram  v.  subglabram  pilis  longis  obsita,  nervis  glabris,  utrinsecus 
7-11.  Pedunculus  brevissimus,  pedicelli  8-25  mm.  longi,  basi  parce  pilo.si 
v.  glabri;  cupula  5.5-6.5  mm.,  breviter  latiuscule  campanulata,  sepala 
2-3  mm.;    stylus  glaber  v.  subglaber.    Drupa  rubra;  putamen  rotunda- 

tum,  valide  sulcatum  et  subfoveolatum P.  latidentata. 

Folia  majora,  5.5-8:2.8-5  cm.  Bracteae  3-10  mm.  longae,  herbaceae. 
Ramuli  juveniles  strigulosi  postea  glabrati.  Petioli  11-13  mm.,  glabri 
V.  parce  pilosi;  lamina  supra  strigulosa,  subtus  initio  densiuscule  v. 
tomentoso-pilosa  dein  in  costa  nervisque  tantum  hirtella,  nervis  utrin- 
secus 11-14.  Pedunculus  3-7  mm.,  pedicelli  6-13  mm.,  glabri;  cupula  5.5 
mm.,  obconico-campanulata;  sepala  2  mm.;  stylus  ultra  medium  laxius- 

cule  hirtus.     Drupa  ignota      P.  oxyodonta. 

Stamina  circ.  19.  Rami  hornotini  glabri.  Petioli  7-11  mm.,  supra  parce 
villosi;  lamina  ovato-rotundata,  ovata  v.  obovata,  supra  strigulosa  v. 
subglabra,  subtus  initio  tomentosa,  dein  in  nervis  tantum  pilosa  v.  glabre- 
scens,  nervis  utrinsecus  7-12.  Pedunculus  circ.  4  mm.,  bracteae  circ.  4  mm., 
herbaceae,  pedicelli  2-3ni,  5-20  mm.,  pilosiusculi  demum  glabri;  cupula 
5  mm.,  breviter  lateque  campanulata,  parce  pilosa;  sepala  1.7  mm.;  petala 
4.5  mm.;  stamina  ad  7  mm.;  stylus  ultra  medium  villosus.  Drupa  ut  videtur 
rubra,  putamen  rotundatum,  validiuscule  v.  valide  costatum  ac  foveolatum, 

P.  micromeloidea. 
Flores  praecoces.  Rami  hornotini  glabri  v.  pilosi.  Petioli  5-15  mm.,  glabri  v. 
supra  hirti;  lamina  obovata  ad  oblongo-lanceolata,  supra  glabra  v.  parcissime 
strigulosa,  subtus  a.xilloso-barbata  v.  juxta  costam  longe  villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus 
9-15.  Pedunculus  subnullus,  involucro  parvo  inclusus,  pedicelli  l-3ni,  1-3  mm., 
Bub  fructu  8-11  mm.,  glabri;  cupula  5.5-7  mm.,  crasse  tubuloso-campanulata; 
sepala  2-3  mm.;  petala  5.5-6  mm.;  stamina  (35-40)  ad  4  mm.;  stylus  basi  pilis 
paucis  obsitus P.  stipulacea. 


Conspectus  Specierum  quarum  Flores  ignoti. 

Putamen  rotundatum;  bracteae  sub  fructu  deciduae;  pedicelli  fructiferi  incras- 
sati,  glabri. 
Drupa  fusco-rubra  (v.  fere  nigra?);  putamen  valide  reticulato-costatum.  Petioli 
12-16  mm.,  densiuscule  pilosi;  lamina  inverse  oblonga  v.  raro  obovato-ob- 
longa (6-11:3-5.3  cm.),  supra  sparsim  strigulosa  v.  subglabra,  subtus  in 
costa  nervisque  densius  ceterum  parce  v.  parcissime  hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus 
11-14.  Pedunculus  fructifer  3  mm.,  pedicellus  unicus  25  mm.  (Afiinis  P. 
oxyodontae.) P.  glyptocarya. 


236  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Drupa  nigra,  putamen  validiuscule  sulcatum  ac  manifeste  v.  obsoletissime  fo- 
veolatum.  Petioli  5-11  mm.,  glabri,  subtus  plerumque  corrugati;  lamina 
obovata,  obovato-oblonga  v.  rhombeo-oblonga  (1.7-6:1.1-3  cm.),  supra  par- 
cissime  strigulosa  v.  subglabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  laxe  hirta  ceterum 
glabra  v.  sparsim  pilosa,  costa  subtus  utroque  latere  anguste  albido-alata, 
nervis  utrlnsecus  7-10.    Pedunculus  nullus,  pedicelli  solitarii,  10-13  mm.  longi. 

P.  pleuroptera. 
Putamen  ovale  v.  ovatimi. 
Putamen  valide  sulcatum  et  foveolatum,  sulcis  plm-ibus.    Petioli   7-15   mm., 
parce  hirti  v.  glabri.     Drupa  pallida  v.  rubra.     Pedicelli  glabri,  sursum 
sensim  incrassati. 
Foliorum  nervi  utrinsecus  10-16;  lamina  ovato-oblonga,  oblonga  v.  inverse 
oblonga  (5-8.5:2.5-4  cm.),  supra  pilis  rigidulis  conspersa,  subtus  in  costa 
nervisque  densiuscule  ceteriun  laxe  breviter  hirta.     Pedunculus  8-12  mm.; 
bracteae  3,  herbaceae,  circ.  4  mm.  longae,  pedicelli  17-24  mm.    P.  podadenia. 
Foliorum  nervi  utrinsecus  6-10;   lamina  obovata,  inverse  oblonga  v.  oblongo- 
lanceolata  (2-8:1.3-4.4  cm.),  supra  sparsim  strigosa  vel  subglabra,  subtus 
in  costa  nervisque  parce  hirta  ceterum  glabra  v.  subglabra.     Pedunculus 
1-6  mm.;    bracteae  deciduae,  pedicelli  l-2ni,   11-35  mm.     .     P.  lobulata. 
Putamen  obsolete  v.  obsoletissime  sulcatum,  sulcis  circiter  2-3.     Drupa  nigra  v. 
fusco-rubra.      PetioU  7-10  mm.;    lamina  rhombeo-obovato-oblonga  v.  obo- 
vato-oblonga (1.8-8:0.8-3.5  cm.),  supra  parcissime  strigulosa  v.  glabra,  subtus 
axilloso-barbulata,  in  costa  glabra,  in  nervis  parce  v.  parcissime  hirtula,  nervis 
utrinsecus  5-7.     Pedunculus  0-6  mm.,  bracteae  1-2,  herbaceae,  4-6  mm.; 
pedicelli  solitarii,  15-17  mm.,  glabri,  summo  apice  tantum  incrassati. 

P.  Zappeyana. 
Ser.  4.  EucERASEiDos,  p.  259. 
Ramuli  novelli  dense  hirtelli;  petioli  4-8  mm.,  hirtelli;  lamina  ovata,  obovata, 
V.  ovato-oblonga  (2-3.8:1-2  cm.,  sub  anthesi),  caudata,  inciso-duplicato-serrata, 
dentibus  late  ovatis,  obtusiuscuUs,  subcuspidatis,  glandula  capitata  terminatis, 
supra  strigulosa,  subtus  in  costa  hirtella  ceterum  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circ. 
10.  Involucra  decidua;  pedunculus  0-8  mm.;  flores  1-2  umbellati,  coaetanei; 
bracteae  2-3  mm.  longae,  fuscescentes;  pediceUi  4-9  mm.,  dense  pubescentes; 
cupula  5-6  mm.,  crasse  campanulata,  dense  pubescens;  sepala  suberecta,  tri- 
angularia  acuta,  2.5  mm.,  Integra  v.  subintegra,  utrinque  pilosa;  petala  ovalia, 
8:5.5  mm.;   stamina  27,  ad  10  mm.;   stylus  glaber P.  caudata. 

Ser.  5.  Amblyodon,  p.  262. 
Folia  2-5  cm.  longa,  anguste  obovata,  subtus  glabra,  dentes  circ.  tam  longae  quam 

latae  v.  paullo  longiores.    Pedicelli  fructiferi  7-10  mm.  longi    .    .    P.  gracilifolia. 
Folia  3.5-6  cm.  longa,  obovato-rotundata,  subtus  axilloso-barbata,  dentes  latiores 

quam  longae.     Pedicelli  fructiferi  12-14  mm.   longi P.  Rossiana. 

GrexII.   MICRO CERASUS,  p.  262. 

Sect.  1.  SPIRAEOPSIS,  p.  262. 
Subsect.  1.   MYRICOCERASUS,  p.  262. 
Species  Americae  borealis. 

Subsect.  2.   SPIRAEOCERASUS,  p.  262. 
Folia   obovato-oblonga,   oblonga,   oblongo-lanceolata,    lanceolata,  elliptica,  baud 
V.  parum  acuminata,  breviter  simpliciter  v.  pro  parte  subduplicato-serrulata 
V.  -crenata. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  237 

Folia    subtus    ochraceo-hirtello-tomentosa,   venarum    reticulo    subtus    valido. 

Stylus  glaber P.  diclyoneura. 

Folia  subtus  glabra  v.  nonnisi  juxta  costam  hirtella  v.  barbulata. 

Folia  supra  medium  latiora.     Stylus  glaber P.  humilis. 

Folia  medio  v.  infra  medium  latiora.    Stylus  glaber  v.  basi  pilosus. 

P.  glandulosa. 

Folia  ovata,  ovato-rotundata  v.  raro  ovato-lanceolata,  nunquam  supra  medium 

latiora,    acuminata   v.   caudata,   dentibus   majusculis   v.   magnis    duplicato- 

serrata  v.  -crenata. 

Folia  ad  summum  3  cm.  longa.    Stylus  usque  ad  medium  hirtus.    P.  pogonostyla. 

Folia  3.5-8  cm.  longa. 

Rami  glabri  v.  pulverulenti.    Folia  subtus  glabra  v.  in  costa  nervisque  breviter 

hirtella.     Stylus  glaber  v.  basi  pilosus P.japonica. 

Rami  densissime  hirsuti.    Folia  subtus  hirsuta.  (Stylus  ignotus.) 

P.  carcharias. 
Sect.  2.   AMYGDALOCERASUS,  p.  268. 

Ovarium  inde  a  basi  v.  saltern  a  tertia  parte  villoso-tomentosum.    Pedicelli  0.5-4.5, 

rarissime  ad  6.5  mm.  longi. 

Rami  usque  in  secundum  tertiumque  annum  tomentosi,  demum  cortice  hinc 

inde  rimoso  baud  v.  sero  soluto  baud  v.  raro  castanei     ....     P.  iomentosa. 

Rami  ab  initio  glaberrimi  v.  hinc  inde  pulverulenti,  annotini  cortice  tenui  argen- 

teo  soluto  demum  intense  castanei P.  Batalinii. 

Ovarium  summo  apice  tantum  pilosum;  pedicelU  6-8  mm.  longi.  Ramuli  superne 
pubescentes.  Flores  coaetanei  foliis  simul  ad  3  cm.  longis;  cupula  4.5  mm.  longa, 
ebasirotundatacrassecupuliformis;  8epala2mm.  longa  ....    P.  cinerascena. 


ENUMERATIO    SPECIERUM    OMNIUM    SUBGEN.    CERASI    ADJECTIS 
SPECIERUM   NOVARUM    DIAGNOSIBUS   VEL    DESCRIPTIONIBUS. 

GrexL   TYPOCERASUS     Koehne,  n.  divis. 

Sect.  1.  CREMASTOSEPALUM  ^  Koehne,  n.  sect. 

Subsect.  1.   MAHALEB   Koehne. 

Cerasus  sect.  Mahaleb  Roemer,  Fam.  Nat.  Syn.  III.  79  emend.  (1847). 
Prunus  subgen.  Cerasus  sect.  Mahaleb  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  305  (1893). 

Ser.  1.  EuMAHALEB  Koehne,  n.  ser. 

1.  Prunus  Mahaleb  Linnaeus.     Europe,  Western  Asia. 

Ser.  2.   Paramahaleb  Koehne,  n.  ser. 

2.  Prunus  mollis  Walpers.     Western  North  America. 

3.  Prunus  emarginata  Walpers.     Western  North  America. 
Cerasus  calif ornica  Greene  an  hue  ducenda? 

4.  Prunus  pennsylvanica  Linnaeus.     Eastern  North  America. 

Subsect.  2.   EUCERASUS   Koehne. 
Prunus  sect.  Eucerasus  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  306  (1893). 

5.  Prunus  fruticosa  Pallas.    Europa  to  Siberia. 

^  From  KpffMavvvfii,  to  hang. 


238  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

6.  Primus  acida  C.  Koch.     Southern  Europe. 
This  name  may  be  provisorily  retained. 

7.  Pninus  Cerasus  Linnaeus.     Europe,  western  Asia. 

8.  Prunus  avixim  Linnaeus.     Europe,  western  Asia. 

Subsect.  3.   PHYLLOMAHALEB     Koehne,  n.  subs. 

Ser.  1.  Aphanadenium  Koehne,  n.  ser. 

9.  Prunus  MaximowiczU  Ruprecht  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersburg,  XV.  131 

(1857). 
Prunus  bracteata  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  II.  329  (1879). 
Prunus  apetala  Zabel  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIII.  60  (non  Franchet 
&  Savatier)  (1904). 
Amurland,  eastern  Mandshuria,  Korea,  Saghalin,  Japan  from  Hokkaido  to  Kiu- 
shiu.    Not  yet  reported  from  China  proper. 

Prunus  Maximowiczii,  var.  aperta,  Komarow  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII. 
5,  48  (1904). 
Mandshuria  from  the  Ussuri  through  Kirin  to  Mukden  and  northern  Korea. 

10.  Prunus  pulchella  Koehne.     See  p.  197. 

Ser.  2.  Macradenium     Koehne,  n.  ser. 

11.  Prunus  conadenia  Koehne.    See  p.  197. 

12.  Prunus  pleiocerasus  Koehne.     See  p.  198. 

13.  Prunus  macradenia  Koehne.    See  p.  199. 

14.  Prunus  discadenia  Koehne.     See  p.  200. 

Specimens  of  P.  cerasoides  D.  Don  ("Himalaya  boreali-occidentalis,  regione 
temperata,  alt.  7000  ped.,  coll. T.Thomson,"  in  Herb.  Ind.  Or.  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson, 
distributed  as  P.  Puddum)  included  a  leafy  branch  with  leaves  resembling  closely 
those  of  P.  discadenia.  On  account,  however,  of  the  great  distance  between  western 
Hupeh  and  the  northwestern  Himalayas  the  branch  hardly  belongs  to  P.  discadenia, 
but  probably  to  another  species  not  yet  described. 

15.  Prunus  szechuanica  BataUn  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  167  (1895). 
Szech'uan:   "inter  Siao-shinte  et  Wa-sze-kou,"  July  14,  1893,  V.  A.  Kachkarov. 

Subsect.  4.   PHYLLOCERASUS    Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

16.  Prunus  tatsienensis  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  322  (1897). 
Szech'uan:    between  the  village  Erh-to-shui  and  Tatsien-lu,  April  4,  1893, 

G.  N.  Polanin;   Tatsien-lu,  May  12,  1893,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

Prunus  tatsienensis,  var.  adenophora  (Franchet)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  Maximowiczii,  var.  adenophora  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  195  (1889). 
Ramuli  novelli  glaberrimi,  annotini  ochracei,  vetustiores  cinerei  striati.    Stipulae 
ad  2  mm.  longae;   petioU  glaberrimi,  glandulis  plerumque  2  laminae  basi  insertis; 
lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  emarginata  late  obovata,  caudata,  duplicato-serrata, 
glaberrima  v.  supra  remotissime  minutissime  strigulosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter 
6-10.    Involucrum  fere  1cm.  longimi;  pedunculus  10-14  mm.  longus;  flores  (2-)3, 
infimo  interdum  subremoto;   bracteae  3-5,  infima  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata, 
13-17  mm.  longa  5  mm.  lata,  ceterae  orbiculatae,  4-9  mm.  longae;   pedicelU  6-11 
mm.  longi;  sepala  integra;  petala  orbiculata,  6.2  mm.  longa,  5.2  mm.  lata,  integra; 
stamina  38,  ad  5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  7  mm.  longum.     Cetera  ut  in  typo. 
Yunnan:  in  the  garden  of  Mr.  Le  Guilcher  at  Tali, /.  Af .  Dekmy. 
Prunus  tatsienensis,  var.  stenadenia  Koehne.     See.  p.  201. 

17.  Primus  variabilis  Koehne.    See  p.  201. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  239 

18.  Prunus  pilosiuscula  (Schneider)  Koehne.     See  p.  202. 

19.  Prunus  polytricha  Koehne.     See  p.  204. 

20.  Prunus  Rehderiana  Koehne.     See  p.  205. 

21.  Prunus  venusta  Koehne,  n.  ap. 

Arbor  6-inotr:iUs;  ramuli  annotini  glabri,  cinerei  v.  fuscescenti-cinerei.  Stipulae 
angiistissimc  hneares,  ghmdulo.so-fimbriatae;  pctioU  glabri,  glanduhs  0  v.  parvis; 
lamina  sub  anthesi  1.25-2  cm.  longa,  argute  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  mucronatis 
glandula  minima  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  strigulosa,  subtus  in  costa  ac  nervia 
breviter  liirtella  ceterum  glabra  v.  remotissime  pihfera,  nervis  utrinseous  circiter 
7-8.  Involucrum  circ.  1  cm.  longum  latumque,  sub  anthesi  persisten.s;  pedun- 
culus  subnullus;  flores  2-3  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  absconditae,  subor- 
biculatae,  3-6  mm.  longae,  herbaceae,  glanduloso-serratae;  pedicelU  10-12  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  turbinato-campanulata,  paullo  longior  quam 
lata,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  triangularia  acutiuscula,  3-4  mm.  longa,  fimbriolis 
V.  dcnticulis  glandulosis  utrinsecus  1-3  munita,  glabra;  petala  ovato-rotundata, 
8  mm.  longa,  6.5  mm.  lata,  integra,  alba;  stamina  23,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad 
7  mm.  longa;  stylus  fere  3  mm.,  stamina  superans,  usque  ad  medium  villosus. 
Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Hupeh:  Pa-tung,  April  28,  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
446). 

This  species  is  yet  incompletely  known,  but  it  differs  from  those  species  of  this 
group,  the  flowers  of  which  are  known,  in  the  scales  which  form  at  the  base  of  the 
umbel  an  involucre  persisting  during  anthesis,  in  the  more  turbinate  shape  of  the 
cupula,  and  in  the  nearly  sessile  umbel.  From  P.  polytricha  Koehne  it  differs  in  its 
glabrous  pedicels,  and  from  P.  darofolia  Schneider  it  differs  apparently  in  the  more 
acute  teeth  of  the  leaves.  Prunus  litigiosa  Schneider,  in  which  the  involucre  also 
persists,  has  much  narrower  petals. 

22.  Prunus  litigiosa  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  65  (1905). 
Hupeh:    A.  Henry  (No.  5295). 

From  those  species  of  this  group  whose  flowers  are  known  P.  litigiosa  is  pro- 
visorily  well  distinguished  by  the  narrow  acutish  petals  and  the  somewhat  slenderer 
calyx.  To  form  a  correct  opinion  of  this  plant,  much  more  copious  material  and 
particularly  the  fruits  are  needed. 

Prunus  litigiosa,  var.  abbreviata  Koehne.     See  p.  205. 

23.  Prunus  clarofolia  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  67  (1905). 
Szech'uan:    Nan-ch'uan,  summer  1891,  A.  von  Rosthom. 

The  roundish  form  of  the  leaves  and  their  pale  color  on  both  sides,  as  well  as 
the  slight  lustre  of  the  lower  surface  and  the  elevated  veins  and  veinlets  on  the 
upper  surface  are  very  characteristic.  Occasionally  I  have  noticed  the  pale  color 
and  the  lustre  on  the  lower  surface  of  the  mature  leaves  also  in  other  species  of 
the  group,  but  the  prominent  reticulation  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  other  species, 
nor  the  comparatively  short  and  broad,  not  very  acute  serratures.  It  is  to  be 
hoped  that  the  flowers  will  show,  when  they  become  known,  that  P.  clarofolia 
really  belongs  in  the  subsect.  Phyllocerasus. 

Subsect.  5.   PSEUDOMAHALEB  Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

24.  Prunus  yunnanensis  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  195  (1889). 

Arbor  excelsa;  ramuli  novelli  hirti,  annotini  glabri,  cano-ochracei  v.  cani,  demum 
fusci;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae,  ovato-rotundatae.  Stipulae  subulatae,  glanduloso- 
fimbriatae;    petioli  8-12  mm.  longi,  crassi,    dense  hirti,    glandulas  paullo  infra 


240  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

apicem  magnas  planas  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  obovata  v.  ovato-oblonga 
V.  oblonga,  4-9.5  cm.  longa  2-4.5  cm.  lata,  acuminata,  serrata  dentibus  parvis 
acutiusculis  glandula  parva  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  strigosa,  subtus  in  costa 
nervisque  densius  ceterum  laxius  hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  11-14.  Involu- 
crum  ante  anthesin  deciduum;  pedunculus  4-9  mm.  longus,  dense  hirtellus;  floras 
(3-)5-7  breviter  umbellato-racemosi,  praecoces;  bracteae  obovatae,  vix  2  mm. 
longae,  eroso-dentatae  dentibus  glanduliferis,  dense  pilosae;  pedicelli  8-13  mm., 
fructiferi  ad  20  mm.  longi,  dense  pilosi;     cupula    subanguste  campanulata,  vix 

5  mm.  longa,  dense  hirtella;  sepala  reflexa,  ovata  obtusa,  2.5  mm.  longa,  Integra, 
utrinque  hirtella;  petala  orbicularia,  6-8  mm.  longa,  5-7  mm.  lata,  vix  crenulata; 
stamina  38,  petalis  sublongiora,  ad  9  v.  10  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm.  longum, 
stylus  staminibus  brevior,  usque  ad  medium  ut  ovarii  apex  hirtus.  Drupa  ovalis, 
10  mm.  longa  7  mm.  diam.,  atroviolacea;  putamen  ovatum,  8:6:4  mm.,  juxta 
carinam  sulcis  paucis  obliquis  obsoletis  exsculptum. 

Yunnan:  woods  of  Pee-tsao-lo,  above  Mo-so-yn  (Lan-kong),  alt.  2500  m., 
April  4,  1887,  J.  M.  Delavay;  mount  Tche-sousse  near  Tong-tchouen,  May  26, 
1882,  J.  M.  Delavay;  ravines  of  Tan-tchang-kiou  near  Hokin,  May  22,  1885,  J.  M. 
Delavay  (No.  1049;   I  have  not  seen  this  number). 

This  species  has  been  fully  described  to  complete  the  original  description. 

25.  Prunus  Macgregoriana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-metraUs;  rami  annotini  crassi,  intense  fusci,  glabri.  Folia  (nondum 
evoluta)  1.5-2  cm.  longa,  argute  serrata,  dentibus  brevibus  glanduliferis,  supra 
sparsim  pilosa,  subtus  in  nervis  densiuscule  pilosa  ceterum  glabra,  nervis  utrin- 
secus circiter  8-11.  Involucrum  ante  anthesin  deciduum,  squama  hinc  inde 
solitaria  ad  1  cm.  longa  persistente;  pedunculus  5-10  mm.  longus,  pubescens; 
pedunculus  5-10  mm.  longus,  pubescens;  flores  2-3  umbellati  v.  infimo  interdum 
subremoto,  subpraecoces;  bracteae  ovatae  v.  rotundatae,  2-3  mm.  longae,  glandu- 
loso-  ac  subfimbriato-serratae;  pedicelli  10-17  mm.  longi,  superne  parcissime  hirteUi; 
cupula  5  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata,  subanguste  campanulata,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa, 
oblonga  obtusa,  4  mm.  longa,  integra,  glabra;  petala  rotundato-ovaUa,  11  mm. 
longa,  8  mm.  lata,  vix  crenulata,  rosea  (pink) ;  stamina  39,  petalis  subaequilonga, 
ad  11  mm.  longa;  stylus  staminibus  parum  longior,  usque  ad  medium  laxe  hirtellus. 
Drupa  ignota. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung,  April  24,  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exp.,  No. 
474). 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  this  species  is  named  in  compliment  of  Mr.  Donald 
Macgregor,  superintendent  of  parks  and  the  public  gardens  of  Shanghai,  who  has 
made  a  small  but  interesting  collection  of  Ningpo  plants  for  the  Arnold  Arboretum. 

26.  Prunus  Henryi  (Schneider)  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  yunnanensis,  var.  Henryi  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  66 
(pro  parte)  (1905). 
Ramuli  novelli  glabri,  vetustiores  crassi,  intense  v.  nigro-fusci;  gemmae  3.5-5 
mm.  longae,  crasse  ovatae  obtusae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  lineares,  circiter  ad  8  mm. 
longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  petioU  8-9  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulas  1-2  summo 
apice  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  rotundata  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  sub  anthesi 
ad  4  cm.  longa  2  cm.  lata,  subito  longe  acuminata,  argute,  hinc  inde  duplicato- 
serrata,  dentibus  angustis,  glandula  minutissima  terminatis,  supra  in  costa  longe 
tenere  villosa,  subtus  glaberrima  v.  in  nervorum  axillis  vix  barbulata,  nervis  utrin- 
secus circiter  7-10.     Involucrum  ante  anthesin  deciduum  v.  hinc  inde  persistens, 

6  mm.  longum  latumque;  pedunculus  2-6  mm.  longus,  glaber;  flores  3-6,  breviter 
umbellato-racemosi,  coaetanei;  bracteae   1-1.5   mm.   longae,   fuscescentes,   apice 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  241 

glanduloso-fimbriolato-serratae;  pedicolli  0-13  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  vix 
4  mm.  longa,  subanguste  campanulata,  glabra  v.  superne  parcissime  pilosa;  sepala 
reflexa  ovata  obtusa,  2  mm.  longa,  subtus  parce  pilosa,  supra  glabra;  pctala  ovali- 
ovata,  10  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  alba;  stamina  30,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  9 
mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm.  longum;  stylus  stamina  aequans,  basi  v.  usque  ad 
medium  laxiuscule  hirtellus.    Drupa  ignota. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10629). 

27.  Primus  neglecta  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  yunnanensis,  var.  Henryi  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  66 
pro  parte  (1905). 

Arbor  10-metralis;  rami  vetustiores  crassi,  pallide  cani,  demum  intense  fusci, 
glabri.  Folia  ignota.  Involucra  ante  anthesin  decidua,  paucissima  persistentia, 
9  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  diam.;  pedunculus  2-7  mm.  longus,  glaber;  flores  3-5  breviter 
umbellato-racemosi,  supremi  3  plerumque  umbellati,  praecoces;  bracteae  0..5-1  mm. 
longae,  fuscescentes,  apice  glanduloso-fimbriatae;  pedicelli  5-8  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
cupula  5  mm.  longa,  campanulato-tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa,  brevia  obtusis- 
sima,  1.5  mm.  longa,  minutim  parce  glanduloso-denticulata,  ceterum  glabra;  petala 
obovata  (videntur  10  mm.  longa,  5-6  mm.  lata,  male  conservata),  alba;  stamina 
27,  petalis  aequilonga,  ad  9  v.  10  mm.  longa;  pistillum  11  mm.  longum;  stylus 
stamina  aequans,  glaberrimus. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  woods,  alt.  2000m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  106295). 

Subsect.  6.  LOBOPETALUM  Koehne,  n.  subsect. 
Ser.  1.  Heterocalyx  Koehne,  n.  ser. 

28.  Prunus  scopulorum  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-metralis;  rami  vetustiores  validi,  fusci  glabri;  gemmae  ad  7  mm. 
longae,  oblongae,  acutae,  glabrae.  Folia  nondum  evoluta,  dentes  videntur  obtusae, 
glandula  crassa  conica  terminatae,  pagina  inferior  subtus  in  nervis  laxiuscule 
sericeo-villosa,  inter  nervos  glabra  v.  subglabra.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  fere  omnia 
decidua,  paucissima  persistentia  ad  1  cm.  longa;  pedunculus  5-9  mm.  longus,  laxe 
hirtellus;  flores  2-4  umbellati  v.  infimo  subremoto  subumbellati,  sub  praecoces 
foUis  simul  1-2  cm.  longis;  bracteae  1-2.5  mm.  longae,  apice  inciso-serratae,  de- 
ciduae;  pedicelli  15-19  mm.  longi,  laxe  villosiusculi;  cupula  6  mm.  longa  3  mm. 
lata,  subanguste  campanulata,  basi  densiuscule  hirtella,  superne  glabra;  sepala 
reflexa,  ovata  obtusiuscula,  4  mm.  longa,  Integra,  ciliolata,  ceterum  glabra;  petala 
ovalia,  15  mm.  longa,  10.5  mm.  lata,  biloba  sinu  triangulari-patente;  stamina  34, 
petalis  triente  breviora,  ad  9.5  mm.  longa;  stylus  stamina  aequans,  glaber.  Drupa 
ignota. 

Western  Hupeh;  Ichang,  cliffs,  March  16,  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch.  Exped, 
No.  146). 

Further  material  is  needed  to  decide  whether  P.  ampla  Koehne,  known  only 
from  leaves  and  distinguished  by  its  thick  conical  glands  of  the  serratures,  may  not 
belong  here. 

29.  Pninus  glabra  (Pampanini)  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  hirtipes,  var.  glabra  Pampanini  in  Nuov,  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  XVII.  293 

(1910);    XVIII.  122  (1911). 

Ramus  annotinus  fuscescens,  glaber;   gemma  terminalis  8  mm.  longa,  oblonga, 

acuta,  glabra.    Folia  ignota.    Involucra  ante  anthesin  decidua;  pedunculus  nuUus; 

flores  3-4,  umbellati,  praecoces;  bracteae  caducae;  pedicelli  circ.  14-16  mm.  longi, 


242  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

glabri;  cupula  subtubuloso-campanulata,  5  mm.  longa,  glabra;  sepala  reflexa, 
triangularia  acuta,  2.5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  ciliolata  ceterum  glabra;  petala  anguste 
oblonga,  12  mm.  longa,  5  mm.  lata,  inciso-biloba  sinu  4  mm.  longo  angusto;  Btamina 
54,  petalis  quarta  parte  breviora,  ad  9  mm.  longa;  pistillum  14  mm.  longum,  glaber- 
rimum,  stylus  stamina  aequans.    Drupa  ignota. 

Hupeh:  Sian-men-kou,  alt.  c.  900  m.,  May  1-Dec.  10,  1906,  C.  Silvestn  (No. 
974;  vidi  fragmentum  cum  umbellis  duabus);  Ou-pan-chan,  alt.  above  600  m., 
March  14-23,  1910,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  3025,  ex  Pampanini). 

30.  Prunus  involucrata  Koehne.     See  p.  206. 

31.  Prunus  hirtipes  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  218  (1887). 

The  specimens  determined  by  Pampanini  as  P.  hirtipes  Hemsley  belong  probably 
to  P.  involucrata  Koehne,  see  p.  206. 

32.  Prunus  Schneideriana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Flowering  (type)  specimens,  collected  at  Ningpo  by  Faber: 

Rami  annotini  sat  crassi,  cano-fuscescentes,  obsolete  hirti.  Foliorum  nondum 
evolutorum  dentes  glandula  validiuscula  capitata  terminatae,  pagina  superior 
sparsJm  pubescens,  inferior  in  nervis  pilosa,  inter  nervos  subglabra,  ner\ds  utrin- 
secus  circiter  8-11.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  fere  omnia  caduca,  squama  interiore 
quadam  hinc  inde  persistente  7  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  0-2  mm.  longus;  flores 
1-2  umbellati  subpraecoces,  foliis  simul  1-1.5  cm.  longis;  bracteae  vix  1.5  mm. 
longae,  dcciduae;  pedicelli  12-14  mm.  longi,  dense  hirti;  cupula  6  mm.  longa,  tubu- 
losa,  dense  hirta;  sepala  reflexa,  oblonga  obtusiuscula,  5  mm.  longa,  subtus  hirta, 
supra  glabra,  fimbriis  1-3  glanduliferis  utrinsecus  munita;  petala  ovalia,  12  mm. 
longa,  7.5  mm.  lata,  inciso-biloba,  sinu  3.5  mm.  longo  angustissimo ;  stamina  39, 
petalis  triente  breviora,  ad  8.5  mm.  longa;  stylus  staminibus  vix  brevior,  usque 
ad  tertiam  partam  breviter  laxiuscule  hirtus. 

Fruiting  specimens,  collected  near  Ningpo  by  Macgregor,  probably  belong  here: 

Ramuli  hornotini  obsolete  hirti,  vetustiores  cinerei,  glabri.  Stipulae  deciduae; 
petioli  8-12  mm.  longi,  supra  hirti  v.  subglabri,  glandulis  plerumque  2  apici  in- 
sertis;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  v.  rarius  subacuta  oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga  v. 
late  ovata,  6-10  cm.  longa,  3.2-5.3  cm.  lata,  subito  longiuscule  acuminata,  serrata 
dentibus  parvulis  hinc  inde  duplicatis,  obtusiusculis  v.  acutiuscuUs,  glandula  parva 
V.  validiuscula  capitata  v.  breviter  conica  terminatis,  supra  in  costa  villosa  ceterum 
glabra,  subtus  glabra  v.  in  costa  nervisque,  rarius  etiam  in  venis,  sparsim  v.  par- 
cissime  hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus  circ.  7-9,  papyracea,  subtus  pallidior.  Pedunculus 
nullus;  pedicelli  1-2  umbellati,  18-28  mm.  longi,  hirti.  Drupa  rotundato-ovalis, 
circ.  10  mm.  longa,  8  mm.  diam.;  putamen  subrotundatum,  8:7:5.3  mm.,  sulcis 
validiusculis  paucis  obliquis  juxta  carinam  planam  exsculptum. 

Chekiang:  mountains  of  Ningpo,  1871,  E.  Faber  (flowering  specimens);  vi- 
cinity of  Ningpo,   1908,  D.  Macgregor  (fruiting  specimens). 

33.  Prunus  Duclouxii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor;  rami  annotini  crassi  rigidi,  cinerei,  fusco-  v.  nigrescenti-puncticulati, 
glabri,  vetustiores  nigrescenti-fusci;  gemmae  4-5  mm.  longae,  crasse  ovatae, 
glabrae.  Folia  ignota.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  arete  adhaerentia,  6-8  mm.  longa 
lataque;  pedunculus  nullus;  flores  circiter  4  umbellati,  praecoces;  bracteae  ab- 
sconditae;  pedicelli  6-9  mm.  longi,  inclusi  v.  subinclusi,  dense  hirtelU;  cupula 
4  mm.  longa,  subanguste  campanulata,  hirtella;  sepala  reflexa,  ovata  obtusa,  2 
mm.  longa,  basi  parce  glanduloso-fimbriolata  ciliata,  subtus  parce  hirtella,  intus 
breviter  villosa;  petala  ovata,  9-10  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  leviter  emarginata; 
stamina  33,  petalis  aequilonga,  ad  9  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12  mm.  longum,  stylus 
Btamina  aequans,  basi  parce  hirtus.    Drupa  ignota. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  243 

Yunnan:  "Environs  de  Yunnan-sen,  dans  une  ravine  de  la  montagne,"  Feb. 
16,  1897,  Ducloux  (No.  77). 

34.  Prunus  ampla  Koeline,  n.  sp. 

Rami  hornotini  crassi  (fere  3  mm.  diam.),  cano-fuscescentes,  glabri,  vetustiores 
ignoti;  gemmae  4  mm.  longae,  ovatae,  acutae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  caducae;  petioli 
8-10  mm.  longi,  2  mm.  lati,  glabri,  glandulas  2  crassas,  ovales,  ad  2  mm.  longaa 
2  mm.  latas  excavatas  infra  apicem  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  late  rotundata  late 
obovata,  12-13.5  longa,  6.5-8.4  cm.  lata,  subito  breviter  acuminata,  liinc  irregu- 
lariter  hinc  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  latis,  cuspidatis,  glandula  valida  breviter 
conica  terminatis,  utrinque  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  10,  supra  ut  videtur 
saturate  viridis,  subtus  pallide  viridis,  membranacea.    Cetera  ignota. 

Szech'uan:  Nan-ch'uan,  summer  1891,  A.  von  Roslhorn  (No.  158). 

The  leaves  are  so  characteristic  and  so  different  from  those  of  all  other  cherries 
that  it  seemed  advisable  not  to  leave  this  species  undescribed,  though  neither  the 
flowers  nor  the  fruits  are  known.  It  is  not  impossible,  however,  that  it  belongs  to 
P.  scopulorum  Koehne,  known  only  in  the  flowering  state.  It  should  be  compared 
also  with  P.  Twymaniana  Koehne  of  the  sect.  Pseudocerasus,  which  has  equally  large 
glands  on  the  serratures  and  is  known  only  in  the  flowering  state. 

35.  Primus  malifolia  Koehne.    See  p.  207. 

Pninus  malifolia,  var.  Rosthomii  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Petioli  10-12  mm.  longi,  glandulis  1-2  latis  petioU  apici  v.  laminae  basi  insidenti- 
bus;  lamina  8-10.8  cm.  longa,  4-6.2  cm.  lata,  supra  saturatius  viridis.  Cetera  ut 
in  typo,  sed  drupae  ignotae. 

Szech'uan:   Nan-ch'uan,  summer  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2420). 

This  is  possibly  a  distinct  species. 

Ser.   2.  Cyclaminium  Koehne,  n.  ser. 

36.  Prunus  cyclamina  Koehne.     See  p.  207. 
Prunus  cyclamina,  var.  bifiora  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Arbor  13-metralis;  rami  vetustiores  nigrescentes.  Stipulae  9-15  mm.  longae, 
petioli  8-14  mm.:  lamina  late  elliptica  v.  inverse  oblonga,  angustior  quam  in  typo, 
6.5-9.5  cm.  longa,  2.4-3.7  cm.  lata,  glaberrima,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  8-10. 
Pedunculus  8-13  mm.  longus;  flores  bini;  pedicelli  16  mm.  longi,  cupula  3  mm., 
sepala  5  mm. ;  stamina  30,  ad  9  mm.  longa. 

Western  China:  Mount  Omei,  May  1904,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
4859). 

37.  Prunus  Dielsiana  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  68  (1905). 

"P.  szechuanica,  var.?"  seu  "P.  szeclmanica,  var.  Dielsiana  Schneider,"  1.  c, 
non  P.  szechuanica  Batalin. 
Frutex  arborescens  5-6-metralis  v.  arbor  6-10-metralis,  truncus  20-40  cm.  diam.; 
ramuli  novelli  glabri,  vetustiores  cinerei  v.  subfuscescentes;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae, 
rotundatae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  lineari-filiformes,  8-15  mm.  longae,  basi  pinnatifidae 
laciniis  1-3  angustis,  2-6  mm.  longis,  longe  glanduloso-fimbriatae  glandulis  crassis; 
petioli  8-17  mm.  longi,  longe  villosi  v.  demum  subglabri,  glandulis  1-3  validis 
infra  v.  supra  medium  v.  apice  muniti;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  rotundata  v.  emargin- 
nata  angustius  latiusve  inverse  oblonga,  8-14  cm.  longa,  4-5.5  cm.  lata,  subito 
anguste  acuminata,  simpliciter  ac  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  majuscuhs,  breviter 
argute  acuminatis,  glandula  validiuscula  disciformi  terminatis,  supra  glabra, 
subtus  in  costa  nervis  venisque  dense  ceterum  laxe  moUiter  villosa,  nervis  utrin- 
secus circiter  10-12,  demuna  subtus  ochraceis,  subtus  vix  pallidior  quam  supra, 


244  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

papyracea.  Involucra  magna  sub  anthesi  persistentia,  posterius  decidua;  pedun- 
culus  6-20  mm.  longiis,  laxe  villosus;  flores  (2-)3-5(-6)  umbellati  v.  subumbellati, 
praecoces  v.  subpraecoces,  foliis  simul  interdum  ad  1-2  cm.  longis,  bracteae  rotun- 
datae,  3-6  mm.  longae,  herbaceae,  insigniter  valideque  glanduloso-fimbriatae, 
glandulis  crassis,  breviter  conicis;  pedicelli  10-35  mm.  longi,  laxe  v.  dense  villosi; 
cupula  3.5-5  mm.  longa,  breviter  campanulata,  villosiuscula;  sepala  reflexa,  ob- 
longa  V.  lanceolata  acuta,  6.5-9  mm.  longa,  Integra  v.  subintegra,  subtus  glabra 
V.  inferne  pilosa,  saepe  ciliata;  petala  ovalia,  11-14  mm.  longa,  5-9  mm.  lata, 
biloba  sinu  triangulari-aperto,  alba  v.  rosea;  stamina  32-36,  petalis  subaequilonga, 
ad  11-13  mm.  longa;  pistillum  15-19  mm.  longum,  stylus  staminibus  subbrevior 
V.  manifeste  longior,  glaber.  Drupa  globosa,  9  mm.  longa,  8  mm.  diam.,  rubra; 
putamen  ovatum,  7:5:4  mm.,  carina  subplana,  ceterum  laevissimum. 
Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  5812). 

As  this  species  has  not  been  fully  described  by  Schneider  a  complete  description  ia 
given  here.  Henry's  No.  5812  is  in  fruit  with  the  peduncle  8-10  mm.  long  and  with 
the  pedicels  16-22  mm.  long,  and  it  is  impossible  to  decide  to  which  of  the  two 
following  varieties  it  belongs. 

Prunus  Dielsiana,  var.  laxa  Koehne.     See  p.  208. 
Prunus  Dielsiana,  var.  conferta  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Involucra  erecta  clausa,  circ.  1  cm.  longa  lataque;    pedunculi  ad  13  mm.  longi, 
pedicelli  8-14  mm.,  cupula  3.5-4  mm.,  sepala  6.5-7  mm.. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patvmg,  side  of  stream,  April  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  308). 

38.  Prunus  plurinervis  Koehne.     See  p.  208. 

39.  Prunus  rufoides  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  55  (1905). 

Ramuli  hornotini  breviter  hirti,  annotini  subglabrati  nigrescenti-cinerei,  vetustio- 
res  fusci;  gemmae  fere  3  mm.  longae,  acutae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  caducae;  petioli 
9-10  mm.  longi,  hirti,  glandulis  duabus  validis  prope  apicem  muniti;  lamina  e 
basi  rotundata  elliptica  v.  oblonga,  8-9.5  cm.  longa,  2.5-4.2  cm.  lata,  subito  breviter 
V.  anguste  longeque  acuminata,  argutissime  simpliciter  ac  duplicato-serrata, 
dentibus  longiusculis,  subsetaceo-acuminatis,  subincurvis,  glandula  minutissima 
terminatis,  supra  sparsim  strigosa,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  dense,  ceterum  laxius 
subaccumbenti-hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus  circ.  12-14  suberectis,  utrinque  subconcolora. 
Flores  ignoti.  Involucri  rudimentum  sub  fructu  persistens  3  mm.  longum;  pedun- 
culus  3-4  mm.  longus;  bracteae  caducae;  pedicelli  1-3  umbellati,  17-20  mm. 
longi,  laxe  rufo-hirti.  Drupa  ovali-rotundata,  10  mm.  longa,  7.5  mm.  lata,  rubra; 
putamen  ovatum,  8:  6:4.5  mm.,  basi  obsolete  sulcatima  ceterum  laeve. 

Szech'uan:  A.  Henry  (No.  5780). 

40.  Pninus  hirtifolia  Koehne.    See  p.  209. 

Sect.  2.   PSEUDOCERASUS   Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  305  (1893). 

Prunus  subgen.  Cerasvs  sect.  Yamasakura  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot,  Mag.  XXV. 
183  (1911). 

Subsect.  7.   HYPADENIUM   Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

41.  Prunus  glandulifolia  Ruprecht  &  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Sav.  £tr.  Acad.  Sci. 
St.  Petersbourg,  IX.  87  (Prim.  Fl.  Amur.)  (1859). 

Amurland. 

This  species  is  still  very  incompletely  known  and  its  systematic  position  is  un- 
certain. I  have  seen  in  Spath's  Arboretum  near  Berlin  a  young  plant  that  had 
not  flowered. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  245 


Subsect.  8.   SARGENTIELLA   Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

42.   Prunus  pseudocerasus  Lindley  in  Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  VI.  90  (1826).  — 
Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  171  (1909),  ubi  descriptio  completa.» 
Cerasus  Pseudocerasus  G.  Don  in  Loudon,  Hort.  Brit.  200  (1830). 
Prunus  Sieboldii  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  184  (1911)." 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  forma  Sieboldii  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Set.  St. 
Pctersbourg,  XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  699  (1883),  diagnosi  emendanda.— 
Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Gcs.  XVIII.  172  (1909).» 

Prumis  paniculata  Ker  in  Bot.  Reg.  X.  t.  800  (1824),  excludenda  diagnosi  e 
Thunbergio  desumta,  non  Prunus   paniculata  Thunberg,  quae  Symplocos 
spec. 
Cerasus  paniculata  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II.  539  (1825),  quoad  tabulam  Kerianam, 
sed  excludendo  synonymo  Thunbergiano. 

'  Koidzumi  considers  P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley  an  entirely  different  species  for 
the  following  reason:  "P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley  (non  aliquot  author.  Europ.  Amer. 
et  Japonica)  proved  to  be  the  Chinese  Yung-to,  and  a  species  of  the  section  Eucera- 
sus  from  the  illustration  by  Dr.  Hayata,  which  is  delineated  from  Lindley's  original 
specimen  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Cambridge  University."  The  following  particu- 
lars of  liis  description  are  especially  important:  Younger  leaves  on  the  petiole  and 
on  the  veins  beneath  pilose  or  puberulent,  glabrous  above,  doubly  serrate.  Flowers 
white;  the  corymbose  racemes  4-5-flowered,  pubescent,  long  or  short  peduncled; 
cupula  broadly  obconical,  sepals  ovate-elliptic,  during  anthesis  horizontally  spread- 
ing; style  glabrous.    Chinese  name  Yung-to.    Central  China,  cultivated  in  Japan. 

I  have  not  yet  seen  a  plant  which  agrees  with  this  description.  Prunus  pseu- 
docerasus Koidzumi  certainly  does  not  belong  to  the  sect.  Eucerasus,  which  is  not 
represented  in  China.  If  Koidzumi  is  right,  it  seems  difficult  to  explain  why  Lindley 
should  have  quoted  plate  800  of  the  Botanical  Register  as  a  figure  of  his  P.  Pseudo- 
cerasus, for  this  plate  certainly  represents  the  plant  which  all  later  authors  have 
called  P.  pseudocerasus  and  which  I  place  here.  Concerning  the  Chinese  name 
Yung-to,  it  belongs,  according  to  Lindley,  not  only  to  his  P.  pseudocerasus,  but 
also  to  his  P.  serrulata;  according  to  Wilson,  the  name  Yung-to  (Ying-to)  is  ap- 
plied to  every  Cherry,  while  Ku-ying-to  (bitter  cherry)  is  applied  to  the  species  of 
the  sect.  Padus. 

2  Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  humilis  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  VI.  52  (1892) 
=  Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a.  spontanea,  subvar.  humilis  Makino,  1.  c.  XX.  44  (1906). 
—  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  182  (1909)  =  Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var. 
jamasakura,  f.  humilis  Makino,  1.  c.  XXII.  98  (1908)  =  P.  jamasakura,  a  elegans, 
a  glabra,  f.  hortensis  Koidzumi,  1.  c.  XXV.  185  (1911),  does  not  seem  to  belong  here, 
but  I  have  not  yet  succeeded  in  finding  out  where  to  place  it.  It  seems  equally 
impossible  to  place  or  to  refer  to  any  other  known  species.  Primus  pseudocerasus, 
var.  jamasakura,  f.  pubescens  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  98  (1908)  =  P. 
jamasakura,  a  elegans,  h  pubescens  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  185  (1911). 
The  words  "petiole  spreadingly  pubescent,  pedicels  spreadingly  pubescent,  calyx 
nearly  glabrous"  would  lead  me  to  think  of  P.  paracerasus  Koehne  if  it  were  not 
for  "common  peduncle  short  or  very  so"  and  "leaves  sparsely  pubescent  on  both 
sides."  In  P.  paracerasus  Koehne  the  peduncles  are  long  and  the  leaves  glabrous 
above.    Of  the  pubescence  of  the  style  nothing  is  said  by  Makino. 

«  It  seems  doubtful  if  P.  pseudocerasus,  var.  Sieboldii  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot. 
Mag.  XV.  101  (1901)  really  belongs  here.  Though  the  author  says  "petioli  pedun- 
culi  pedicelli  subvillosi,"  he  also  says,  "calyx  glaber,  stylus  glaber." 


246  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Cerasus  Sieholdtii  Carri^re  in  Rev.  Hort.  1866,  371. 

Prunus  Sieboldii  Wittmack  in  Gartenfl.  LI.  272  (1902). 

Prunus  psevdocerasus,  y  serrulata,  subvar.  Sieholdtii  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bat.  Mag. 

XXII.  102  (1908)?,  excludenda  certe  var.  alhida  Makino. 

Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  Sieholdtii  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII. 

74  (1909). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  typica,  subvar.  Sieboldii  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot. 

Mag.  XXIII.  182  (1909). 
P.  Pseudocerasus  flore  rosea  plena  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
P.  Pseudocerasus  naden  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 

Known  only  with  double  flowers. 

Introduced  from  China,  1819,  by  Samuel  Brookes  (Ker) ;  1822,  by  Reeves  under 
the  name  of  Yung-to  (Lindley) ;  from  Japan  by  Fortune,  distributed  by  Standish  as 
Double  Japanese  Cherry;  exhibited  by  Siebold  as  Cerasus  pseudo  Cerasus  rosea 
plena  (Carriere). 

Cultivated  because  of  its  flowers  in  the  gardens  of  Chifu,  prov.  Shantung;  near 
the  hill  of  Nan-shan,  April  4,  1898,  collected  by  T.  Takagaki  (No.  672),  as  indicated 
by  Matsumurain  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XIV.  137  (1900).  I  have  seen  cultivated  specimens 
from  Japan  in  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  Siehold  (designated  as  P.  donarium  Sie- 
bold, flowering  twigs,  mixed  with  leafy  twigs  of  P.  parvifolia),  from  Yedo,  April 
14,  1876,  Hilgendorf  (mixed  with  P.  serrulata).  Japanese  name,  as  given  by 
Koidzumi,  Yugatzu  Sakra. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  forma  Watereri  Koehne,  1.  c.  172  (1909). 
An   Cerasus  Wattererii,  cited  by  LavaUee,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.  119  (1885),  as 

synonym  under  Cerasus  Pseudocerasus? 
An  Cerasus  Watereri  Goldring  in  Garden,  XXXIII.  416,  fig.  p.  420  (1888)? 
An  Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  Wattererii  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag. 

XXIII.  75  (1909)? 
Cultivated  in  European  gardens. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  forma  virescens  Koehne,  n.  forma. 
Prunus  donarium  Siebold  in  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  (pro  parte,  rami  florentes, 
mixti  cum  ramis  fohatis  P.  parvifoliae). 
Petala  circ.  20,  ad  9  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  bilobo-emarginata,  viridescentia 
(secundum  v.  Siehold);  stamina  circiter  40,  ad  7  mm.  longa. 

Japan,  v.  Siehold.  —  See  also  P.  serrulata,  f.  grandiflora  Wagner  with  greenish 
flowers. 

43.  Prunus  paracerasus  Koehne  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VII.  133  (1909);  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  170  (1909). 

Introduced  from  Japan.    Spontaneous  specimens  so  far  not  seen. 

44.  Prunus  serrulata  Lindley  in  Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  London,  VII.  138  (1830).  — 
Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  166  (1909)  cum  descriptione  fusa. 

Prunus  Cerasus,  ^  flore  simplici  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  201  (1784).i 

Prunus  donarium  Siebold  in  Verh.  Batav.   Genoot.   XII.    No.  I.  68  {Syn.  PI. 

Oecon.)  (1827),  secundum  Maximowicz,  sed  cf.  supra  sub  P.  pseudoceraso. 
Prunus  jamasakura  Siebold,  1.  c.  (1827),  secundum  Lavallee. 
Cerasus  serrulata  G.  Don  in  Loudon,  Hort.  Brit.  480  (1830). 

*  According  to  a  photograph  of  the  authentic  specimen  sent  by  Professor  O.  Juel. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  247 

Prunus   Puddum   Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.   II.  90    (pro   parte,  non 

WalUch)  (1865). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  jamasakura,  subvar.  glabra  Makino  in  Tohjo  Bot. 

Mag.  XXII.  93  (1809). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a  jamasakura,  forma  praecox  Makino,  1.  c.  XXII.  98 

(1908). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a  jamasakura,  a  glabra,  forma  praecox  Makino,  1.  c. 

XXII.  113  (1908).    Mihi  nondum  satis  nota.    Flores  simplices. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  subvar.  glabra  Makino,  1.  c.  XXII.  101  (1908). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  spontanea,  subvar.  hortensis  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot. 

Mag.  XXIII.  183  (1909). 

Formae  floribus  plenis  non  satis  notae: 

Prxmus  Cerasus,  aflore  plena  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  201  (1784). 

Prunus  serrulata  Lindley,  cf.  supra. 

Cerasus  serrulata  G.  Don  in  Loudon,  Arb.  Brit.  II.  701,  fig.  407  (1833). 

Cerasus  Pseudocerasus  Lavallee,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.,  119,  t.  36  (1885),  (ubi  citatur: 

Cerasus  Maeda  h.). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  subvar.  glabra,  forma  Fugenzo  Makino  in 

Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  73  (1908). 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  forma  Fugenzo,  1.  rosea  Makino,  1.  c.  XXIII.  74 

(1909). 
Prunus  jamasakura,  a  elegans,  a  glabra  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV. 

185  (1911),  utrum  hue  an  ad  P.  Sargentii  pertinet? 
Prunus  jamasakura,  /3  speciosa  Koidzumi  1.  c.  186  (1911). 
Japan,  Korea. 

In  collections  P.  serrulata  is  very  often  confused  with  P.  Sargentii  Rehder  and  less 
often  with  P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley  or  with  P.  H erincquiana  Lavallc'e.  It  is  said 
to  have  been  introduced  in  1822  from  China  according  to  Lindley,  but  I  have  seen 
no  specimens  from  China.  Cliinese  locahties  for  it  are  sometimes  given,  but  always 
with  the  quotation  of  synonyms  which  show  a  confusion  between  P.  pseudocerasus 
Lindley  and  P.  serrulata  Lindley,  so  that  these  indications  can  not  be  safely  used. 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  albida  (Makino)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore   simplici  albo   Maximowicz  in  Bull, 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  699  (1883). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXI.  t.  8012  (1905),  ad  banc 

vel  ad  sequentem  formam  pertinet,  sed  emendanda  descriptione. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  subvar.  Sieboldii,  forma  albida  Makino  in 

Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  102  (1908). 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  forma  albida  Makino,  1.  c.  XXIII.  74  (1909). 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  yashino  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  167 

(fine  1909). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  yoshino  Hort.  ex  Koelone. 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  Lannesiana  (Carri^re)  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr. 
Ges.  XVIII.  167  (1909). 

Cerasus  Lannesiana  Carri^re  in  Rev.  Hort.  1872,  198;    1873,  45,  351,  t. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore  simplici   cameo  MaximoNvncz  in  Bull. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  699  (1883). 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f .  Lannesiana  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII. 

74  (1909). 
Prunus  jamasakura,  ^  speciosa,  var.   nobilis  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag. 

XXV.  187  (1911),  ac  ejuadem  varietatis  f.  1.  serrulata  Koidzumi  I.  c. 


248  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Prunus  semxiata,  f.  Kriegeri  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  LII.  2  (nomen  nudum) 
(1902);  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  168  (1909). 
Cerasus  pendula  Kriegeri  F.  Spath  ex  Koehne. 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  grandiflora  A.  Wagner  in  Gartenfl.  LII.  169.  t.  1513a 
(1903).  — Koehne  in  Mitteil.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  168  (1909). 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  ^  hortensis  flore  plena  viridi,  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad. 

Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  699  (1883.) 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  subvar.  glabra,  forma  viridiflora  Makino 

in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  102  (1908). 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  forma  viridiflora  Makino  1.  c.  XXIII.  74  (1909), 

an  hue  pertinet  ? 
Cerasus  donariurn  Siebold  in  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden. 

Pru7ius  pseudocerasus  ukon  Hort.  ex  Koehne.  (See  also  P.  pseudocerasus  f. 
virescens  Koehne  with  greenish  flowers.) 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  ochichima  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII. 
169  (1909). 

Primus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  forma  Fugenzo,  2.  alborosea  Makino  in  Tokyo 

Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  74  (1909),  saltern  e  nomine  japonico  Shiro-fugen. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  ochichima  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  shirofugen  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  hisakura  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  LI.  2,  t.  1494  b  (1902);  in 
Mitt.  Deutsch  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  169  (1909),  excludendo  synonymo  P.  pseudo- 
cerasus "James  H.  Veitch." 

Cerasus  caproniana  flore  rosea  plena  Van  Houtte  in  Fl.  des  Serres,  XXI,  141, 

t.  2238  (1875)  verisimiliter  hue  pertinet. 
Cerasus  serratifolia  rosea  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1877,  889,  t.  fig.  B,  verisimiliter 
hue  pertinet.     It  is  said  to  have  been  sold  at  first  under  the  name  of 
Cerasus  Sieboldii  rubra. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  ;3  hortensis  flore  semipleno  roseo,  Maximowicz  in  Bull. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XL  699  (1883)  forsan  hue  pertinet. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  hisakura  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  benifugen  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  "New  Red."  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
Prunus  serrulata  "W.  Kou"  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 

P.  jamasakura,  ^  speciosa,  var.  nobilis,  2.  donarium  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot. 
Mag.  XXV.  187  (1911),  verisimiliter  hue  v.  ad  aliam  formam  plenam 
pertinet. 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  Veitchiana  Koehne  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  122 
(1911). 

Cerasus  pseudocerasus  "James  Veitch,"  Gartenfl.  LI.  497  (1902). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  "James  H.  Veitch"  Hort. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f .  mucronata  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII. 
170  (1909). 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore  pulcherrimo  plena  candido,  Maximo- 
wiez  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  699 
(1883)  forsan  hue  pertinet. 
Prunus  Cerasus  flore  roseo  plena  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
^      Prunus  serrulata  flore  plena  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 

Prunus  serrulata,  f.  shidare-sakura  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges. 
XVIII;  170  (1909). 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore  cameo  suffusa,  Maximowicz  in  Bull. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  249 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pitersbourg,  XXIX.  102;   in  Md.  Biol.  XI.  699  (1883)  hue 
forsan  pertinet. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  shidare-sakura  Hort.  ex  Koehne. 
44    X  88  ?   Prunus    affinis    Makino,    =    Prunus    pseudocerasus    jamasakura 
X  incisa?  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  99  (1908). 
Japan. 

Unknown  to  me.  I  do  not  think  it  probable  that  a  hybrid  exists  between  P. 
serrulata  Lindley  {=  P.  pseudocerasus  jamasakura  Makino)  and  P.  incisa. 

45.  Prunus  Sargentii  Rehder  in  Milt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVII.  159  (1908).— 
Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  164  (1909).  — Hutchinson  in  Boi.  Mag. 
CXXXVII.  t.  8411  (1911). 

Prunus  puddum  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.  Bat.  II.  90  (pro  parte,  non  WaUich) 

(1865).     Vidi  in  Herb.  Leyden. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  sachalinensis  F.  Schmidt  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Petersbourg,  86t.  7,  XII.  No.  II.  124  (Reis.  in  Amurland)  (1868),  verisimile 

hue  referenda  (exemplaria  sunt  fructifera). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a  spontanea  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, XXIX.  102;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  699  (pro  parte)  (1883).  — Makino  in 

Icon.  PI.  Jap.  1,  t.  1-2  (1900). 
Prunus  Mume,  var.  crasseglandulosa  Miquel  in  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden  (a 

Maximowicz,  1.  c,  ad  P.  pseudocerasum  ducta). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  Sargent  in  Garden  and  Forest,  X.  462,  fig.   58   (non 

Lindley)  (1897). 
Prunus  "spec.  Nordjapan,"  Zabel  in  Beissner,  Schelle  &  Zabel,  Handb.  Laubholz- 

Ben.  241  (1903). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  ^  borealis  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  99  (1908). 
Prunus  serridata,  ^  borealis  Makino,  1.  c.  XXIII.  75  (1909). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  spontanea  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  182 

(1909). 
P.  jamasakura,  a  elegans,  c  compta  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  186 

(1911)  ac  ejusdem  varietatis  f.  hortensis  Koidzumi,  1.  c,  num  hue  pertinent? 
P .  jamasakura,  a  borealis  Koidzumi,  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  187  (1911),  ac 

ejusdem  varietatis  f.  hortensis,  Koidzumi,  1.  c.  188.^ 

Korea,  Saghalin,  Japan. 

I  have  not  yet  seen  specimens  from  China.  Later,  probably,  several  forms  will 
have  to  be  distinguished.  In  flower  the  living  plant  is  markedly  different  from 
P.  serrulata  Lindley,  but  it  is  often  difficult  to  refer  dried  specimens  to  the  one 
or  the  other  species.  Very  closely  aUied  to  P.  Sargentii  Rehder  is  P.  tenuiflora 
Koehne,  the  range  of  which,  however,  is  so  widely  separated  from  that  of  P.  Sar- 
gentii, that  it  seems  better  to  consider  P.  tenuiflora  for  the  present  as  a  distinct 
species. 

46.  Prunus  tenuiflora  Koehne.     See  p.  209. 

47.  Prunus  Wildeniana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Ramuli  novelli  glabri  v.  basi  pilis  solitariis  conspersa,  annotini  cani  v.  cano- 
fuscescentes,  vetustiores  sordide  fusci.  Stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  6-11  mm.  longi, 
laxe  subaccumbenti-hirtuli  v.  subglabri,  glandulas  1-2  medio  v.  apice  gerentes; 
lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  rotundata  anguste  ovata  v.  late  elliptica  v.  obovata,  6-8.5 
cm.  longa,  3-^.2  cm.  lata,  caudato-acuminata,  argute,  hinc  inde  duphcato-serrata, 

*  Where  P.  jamasakura,  S.  verecunda  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  188 
(1911)  "umbefiis  sessilibus,  pedicefiis  calycibusque  puberulis,  foliis  petiolisque 
pilosis  demum  subtus  glabriusculis "  can  belong,  I  have  not  yet  ascertained. 


250  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

dentibus  parvulis,  acutis  v.  vix  acuminatis,  glandula  parva  capitata  terminatis, 
supra  in  costa  v.  etiam  in  nervis,  interdum  etiam  in  facie  pilis  longiusculis  rigidulis 
conspersa,  subtus  in  costa  densiuscule,  in  nervis  laxius  rigidulo-pilosa,  ceterum 
glabra  v.  subglabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  10-14,  subtus  vix  pallidior,  mem- 
branacea.  Involucra  mox  post  anthesin  omnia  decidua;  pedunculus  5-7  mm. 
longus;  flores  2-4  umbellati;  pedicelli  18-23  mm.  longi,  sparsim  pilosi;  cupula  4 
mm.  longa,  glabra; i  sepala  ut  videtur  patentia,  oblonga,  3  mm.  longa,  Integra  v. 
subintegra,  parce  tenere  ciliata.  Drupa  juvenilis  ovata,  8  mm.  longa,  5.5  mm. 
lata;  putamen  laeve. 

Hupeh,  A.  Henry  (No.  5308). 

I  do  not  know  of  which  species  this  plant  could  possibly  be  a  variety.  Therefore 
I  have  considered  it  as  a  distinct  species. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  this  species  has  been  named  in  compliment  to 
Monsieur  Wilden  of  the  French  Consular  service  in  China,  stationed  at  Chengtu 
in  1908,  who  rendered  Wilson  valuable  assistance. 

48.  Prunus  Leveilleana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  hornotini  glabri.  Petioli  11-18  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  superne  parce  pilosi; 
glandulae  2-4  petiolo  v.  pro  parte  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  ovata  v.  latius 
angustiusve  obovata,  4.5-8  cm.  longa,  2.5-4.4  cm.  lata,  acuminata,  dentibus  par- 
vulis, acutis  V.  subacuminatis  serrata,  supra  in  costa  nervisque  v.  etiam  in  venis 
pihs  conspersa,  subtus  in  costa  nervis  venisque  rigidulo-pilosa  (juvenilis  subtua 
dense  pilosa),  nervorum  paribus  9-10.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  persistentia,  10-14 
mm.  longa;  pedunculus  6-15  mm.;  flores  (l-)2,  subpraecoces  foliis  simul  ad  2  cm. 
longis;  bracteae  5-6  mm.  longae,  herbaceae;  pedicelli  8-23  mm.  longi  glabri; 
cupula  5.3  mm.  longa  anguste  obconica,  glabra;  sepala  4.5  mm.  longa,  Integra, 
glabra;  petala  rotundata,  ad  11  mm.  longa,  emarginata;  stamina  38,  petalia 
dimidio  breviora,  stylus  glaber.  Drupa  globosa,  3.5  mm.  diam.;  putamen  subde- 
pressum,  4.8:5:3.3  mm.,  sublaeve. 

Korea:  in  the  mountains  of  Mokhpo,  March  1909,  T.  Taquet  (No.  2519);  in 
the  same  locaUty,  May  1909,  Taquet  (No.  2517). 

49.  Prunus  Sontagiae  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

RamuH  annotini  (an  etiam  hornotini?)  glabri.  FoUorum  sub  anthesi  petioli 
ad  5  mm.  longi,  hirti,  lamina  ad  3.3  cm.  longa,  in  caudam  angustam  integram  pro- 
ducta,  setaceo-serrata,  supra  glabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervis  venisque  laxe  hirta.  In- 
volucra sub  anthesi  persistentia,  10-11  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  nuUus  v.  inclusus; 
flores  (l-)2-3  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  subexsertae,  spathulatae,  herbaceae; 
pedicelli  10-15  mm.  longi,  inferne  laxe  superne  densius  villosi;  cupula  5  mm.  longa 
obconico-tubulosa,  glabra  v.  subglabra;  sepala  5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  glabra; 
petala  late  ovata,  11  mm.  longa,  subbiloba  sinu  angusto;  stamina  35,  petaUs  dimi- 
dio breviora;  stylus  glaber.    Drupa  ignota. 

Korea:  Seoul,  near  Tap  Tong,  May  5,  1895,  Miss  A.  Sontag. 

50.  Prunus  mesadenia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Ramuli  novelU  glabri.  Petioli  (foUa  sub  anthesi  tantum  nota)  10-18  mm.  longi, 
glabri,  glandulas  1-3  medio  v.  paullo  supra  medium  gerentes;  lamina  ovato-lanceo- 
lata,  4.5  cm.  longa,  1.7  cm.  lata,  anguste  acuminata,  dentibus  anguste  triangulari- 
bus  setaceo-serrata,  supra  pilis  conspersa,  subtus  glabra  v.  barbata,  nervorum 
paribus  circiter  10.  Involucra  patentia,  1.75  cm.  lata;  pedunculus  6  mm.  longus; 
flores  4  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  5  mm.  longae;  petioli  circ.  19  mm.  longi, 
glabri;    cupula  6  mm.  longa,  obconico-tubulosa,  glabra;    sepala  6.5  mm.  longa, 

»  I  have  been  able  to  examine  only  one  faded  flower. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  251 

integra,  glabra;  petala  orbicularia,  15  mm.  longa,  emarginata;  stamina  41, 
petalis  dimidio  breviora;  stylus  glaber. 

Nippon:  Swasima,  April  2,  1879,  /.  Matsumura  (kindly  sent  to  me  by  Professor 
Matsumura,  under  the  name  of  P.  pseudocerasus,  /3  spontanea). 

The  species  can  be  distinguished  from  P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley  by  the  glabrous 
under  side  of  the  leaves,  and  from  P.  serrulata  Lindley  and  P.  Sargentii  Rehder 
by  the  pubescent  upper  side  of  the  leaves.  As  I  do  not  know  to  which  of  these  two 
species  it  could  be  referred  as  a  variety,  I  consider  it  necessary  to  give  it  provisorily 
a  specific  name.  From  P.  parvifolia  Koehne  it  is  distinguished  by  the  quite  different 
shape  of  the  leaves. 

51.  Prunus  parvifolia  (Matsumura)  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  parvifolia  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XV.  101 

(1901). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  iypica,  subvar.  parvifolia  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot. 

Mag.  XXIII.  182  (1909). 
P.  jamarakura,  a  elegans,   a  parvifolia  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV. 
186  (1911). 

Ramuli  novelU  glabri.  Petioli  6-10(-13)  mm.  longi,  dense  villosi;  glandulae 
plerumque  2  crassae  petioli  apici  v.  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  ovata  v.  rotun- 
dato-obovata  v.  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  3-7.5  cm.  longa,  1.5-4  cm.  lata, 
acuminata,  setaceo-serrata,  supra  pilis  persistentibus  conspersa,  subtus  glabra 
V.  initio  tantum  tenere  pilosa  mox  glabrata,  nervorum  paribus  7-10.  Involucra 
pleraque  sub  anthesi  decidua,  paucissima  persistentia  circ.  1  cm.  longa;  pedunculus 
4-10  mm.  longus,  glaber  v.  superne  parce  pilosus;  florcs  (l-)2-3  umbellati  v. 
subumbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  sirnul  3-4  cm.  longis;  bracteae  4-7  mm.  longae, 
herbaceae;  pedicelli  13-26  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  hinc  inde  parcissime  pilosi;  cupula 
5.5  mm.  longae,  obconico-tubulosa,  glabra;  sepala  4  mm.  longa,  integra,  ciliata; 
petala  rotundata,  13  mm.  longa  11m.  lata,  bilobo-emarginata;  stamina  32,  petalis 
fere  dimidio  breviora;  stylus  glaber.  Drupa  globosa,  7  mm.  diam.;  putamen 
rotundatum,  6:6:4  mm.,  obsolete  sulcatum. 

Japan:  Sterile  twig,  F.  von  Siebold  (in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  as  Cerasus 
donarium  Siebold,  mixed  with  a  flowering  twig  of  Prunus  pseudocerasus  virescens). 
Cultivated  in  the  Botanic  Garden  of  the  Agricultural  College  of  the  Imperial 
University  of  Tokyo,  April  1908,  Koidzumi  (kindly  sent  to  me  by  Matsimiura  as 
P.  pseudocerasus  parvifolia  Matsumura  and  as  P.  pseudocerasus  typica  parvifolia 
Matsumura);  from  the  same  garden,  a  sterile  twig,  without  date  or  collector;  a 
sterile  twig,  June  22,  1901,  Komaha. 

Matsumura  gives  as  the  Japanese  name  Jugatsu-sakura,  i.  e.  October-Cherry; 
he  also  states  that  the  plant  flowers  in  October.  It  is  therefore  strange  that 
the  flowering  branches  communicated  to  me  are  dated  April.  The  species  is  very 
different  from  P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley.  It  might  possibly  be  placed  with  P. 
serrulata  Lindley  or  with  P.  Sargentii  Rehder,  but  it  differs  so  much  from  both 
that  I  must  consider  it  a  distinct  species. 

Prunus  parvifolia,  forma  aomoriensis  Koehne,  n.  forma. 

Lamina  foliorum  sub  anthesi  jam  3.5-5.5  cm.  longa,  subtus  versus  costae  basin 
densiuscule  pubescens  ceterum  glabra.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  fere  omnia  persis- 
tentia, ad  15  mm.  longa;  pedicelli  densiuscule  pilosi  v.  superne  glabri;  cupula 
5.5-6  mm.  longa;  sepala  margine  glabra;  petala  15  mm.  longa,  10  mm.  lata. 

Northern  Nippon:  Aomori,  May  1898,  U.  Faurie  (No.  2093). 

52.  Pnmus  concinna  Koehne.   See  p.  210. 

53.  Pnmus  Twymaniana  Koehne.    See  p.  211. 


252  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 


Subsect.  9.   CONRADINIA    Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

54.  Prunus  Conradinae  Koehne.     See  p.  211, 

55.  Prunus  Helenae  Koehne.     See  p.  212. 

56.  Prunus  saltuum  Koehne.     See  p.  213. 

57.  Prunus  pauciflora  Bunge  in  Mem.  £.tr.  Acad.  Set.  St.  Pstersbourg,  II.  97 
{Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1835);  verisimiliter  etiam  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag. 
XIV.  136  (1900). 

Chili:  Peking,  A.  Tatarinow,  E.  Bretschneider;  Zuiwey-shan,  A.  Bunge.  Shan- 
tung: Chef u,  Takagaki  teste  Matsumura. 

58.  Prunus  Sprengerii  Pampanmi  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  XVIII.  230  (1911). 
Rami  floriferi  cortice  crasso  (in  sicco),  glabri.     FoUa  ignota.     Involucra  circ. 

10  mm.  longa;  flores  2-3,  praecoces;  pedicelU  sub  anthesi  involucra  subaequantes, 
circ.  7  mm.  longi;  cupula  6  mm.  longa,  extus  sub  lente  minutim  glanduloso(?)- 
pubescens  ut  sepala  oblongo-rotimdata  4.5  mm.  longa,  2.5  mm.  lata,  integra; 
petala  suborbiculari-cuneata,  10  mm.  longa,  9  mm.  lata,  integra  nee  emarginata, 
purpurascentia  (ut  videtur  in  sicco);  stylus  11  mm.  longus,  e  basi  usque  ultra 
medium  dense  et  patenter  hirsutus. 

Hupeh:  Oupanchan,  alt.  above  600  m.,  March  14-23,  1910,  C.  Silvestri  (No. 
3028,  3028=^). 

59.  Prunus  yedoensis  Matsumura  m  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XV.  100  (1901).  Stylo 
piloso  sepaUsque  argute  serrulatis  a  Nr.  53-57,  insuper  pediceUis,  cupula  sepalisque 
dense  pilosis  a  Nr.  54-56  differt. 

Generally  cultivated  in  the  gardens  of  Tokyo  and  said  to  have  been  introduced 
from  the  Island  of  Oshima,  province  Izu,  as  indicated  by  Matsumura. 

Subsect.  10.   SERRULA  Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

60.  Prunus  majestica  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  puddum  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  197  (non  Roxburgh  apud  Brandis), 
(1889)  verisimile  hue  ducenda. 

Prunus  cerasoides,  var.  tibetica  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  1.  54  (pro 
parte),  (1905). 
Arbor  3-10-metralis,  glaberrima;  ramuli  juveniles  viriduli,  vetustiores  cani, 
nigrescentes  v.  fusci,  crassi;  gemmae  1-2  mm.  longae.  Stipulae  angustissime  Hne- 
ares,  8-12  mm.  longae,  basi  saepius  pinnatifidae,  glandulis  marginalibus  sessilibus 
V.  longe  fimbriato-stipitatis,  magnis,  oblongis;  petioh  12-20  mm.  longi,  glandulas 
2  apice  gerentes;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  late  elliptica  v.  inverse  oblonga,  foliorum 
minorum  interdum  ovata,  (4-)8-12  cm.  longa,  (2.2-)3.2-4.8  cm.  lata,  breviua 
latiusque  v.  longius  angusteque  acuminata,  breviter  sed  argute  aequaliter,  hinc 
inde  subduplicato-serrulata,  dentibus  glandula  parva  capitata  terminatis,  nervis 
utrinsecus  circiter  10-15,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitidula,  subtus  vix  pallidiora,  venarum 
reticulo  tenero,  membranacea.  Involucra  sub  anthesi  saepe  magna  ex  parte  de- 
cidua,  10-12  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  0-10  mm.  longus;  flores  1-3  umbellati,  coae- 
tanei  foUis  simul  5.5-6  cm.  longis;  bracteae  cuneato-rotundatae,  circiter  3  mm. 
longae,  apice  glanduloso-fimbriato-serratae,  glanduUs  par  vis  oblongis,  herbaceae, 
8ub  fructu  persistentes  v.  deciduae;  pedicelli  7-20  mm.  longi,  fructiferi  ad  27  mm. 

*  I  have  not  seen  this  species,  which  Pampanini  considers  alUed  to  P.  hirtipea 
Hemsley .  On  account  of  the  not  emarginate  petals  I  have  provisorily  inserted  it  here. 


EOSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  253 

longi,  inferne  tenues,  superne  sensim  subincrassati;  cupula  9-10  mm.  longa,  crasse 
campanulato-tubulosa,  saepe  rubescens;  sepala  erecto-patula,  triangular ia  acuta, 
4-5.5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  saepe  rubescentia;  petala  ovato-rotundata,  15  mm.  longa 
10  mm.  lata,  subapiculata  v.  vix  emarginata,  in  alabastro  purpurea,  dein  rosea 
(v.  alba?);  stamina  32-34,  petalis  tertia  v.  quarta  parte  breviora,  ad  10  v.  12  mm. 
longa;  pistillum  18-22  mm.  longum;  stylus  stamina  aequans,  glaber.  Drupa 
rotundato-ovalis,  12-15  mm.  longa,  8.5-12  mm.  diam.,  nigresccns,  sapore  injucundo 
(unpleasant);  putamen  rotundato-ovatum,  10-12:8-9:6-6.5  mm.,  obtussimum, 
valide  sulcatum  et  reticulato-foveolatum,  carina  tumida  obtusa. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  woods,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9411,  9411  A, 
11469);    Chu-yan,  A.  Henry  (No.  9411  B). 

The  plant  cited  by  Franchet  as  P.  puddum,  from  Yunnan,  woods  below  the  hill 
of  Hia-lo-pin,  towards  the  north,  above  Lan-kong,  alt.  2500  m.,  J.  M.  Dclavay,  very 
probably  is  P.  majestica. 

61.  Prunus  serrula  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  196  (1889). 

Arbor  excelsa;  ramuli  novelli  tenere  pubescentes,  autumno  glabri  v.  vix  con- 
spicue  pulverulenti,  annotini  cani  v.  fusci  submicantes;  gemmae  3-4  mm.  longae, 
oblongo-conicae,  acutissimae.  Stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  7-14  mm.  longi,  glabri, 
purpurascentes;  glandulae  plerumque  3-5  laminae  basi  insidentes;  lamina  e  basi 
rotundata  lanceolata,  6-10  cm.  longa,  18-25  mm.  lata,  longe  acuminata,  breviter 
dense  argute  duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  (majoribus  quam  in  varietate)  glandula 
parva  oblonga  v.  subulata  terminatis,  supra  mox  glabra,  subtus  in  nervorum  axillis 
barbata  et  secus  costam  infra  medium  paullulum  pilosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter 
11-16,  papyracea.  Flores  ignoti;  pedunculi  fructiferi  5-7  mm.,  pedicelli  15-17 
mm.  longi,  glabri,  inferne  tenues,  superne  saepius  sensim  subincrassati.  Drupa 
subanguste  ovaUs,  12  mm.  longa,  8  mm.  lata,  videtur  rubra;  putamen  ova  turn 
11.5:7:5.5  mm.  longum,  obtusissimum,  valide  reticulato-costatum,  carina  com- 
planata. 

Yunnan:  woods  above  Yen-tze-hay  and  Mo-so-yin,  alt.  3300  m.,  July  17,  1889, 
J.  M.  Delavay  (No.  3790);  Franchet  cites  also:  woods  of  Fang-yang-tschang 
above  Mo-so-yin,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  17,  1889,  J.  M.  Delavay  (No.  3773). 

A  complete  description  of  this  species  is  given  to  facihtate  the  comparison  of  the 
type  with  the  var.  tibetica. 

Prunus  serrula,  var.  tibetica  (Batalin)  Koehne.    See  p.  213. 
Subsect.  11.   PUDDUM   Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

62.  Prunus  campanulata  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX. 
103;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  698  (1883);  cf.  Miyoshi  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXVIII. 
33  t.  2  (1910). 

Prunus  cerasoides  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  181  (pro  parte,  non 
D.  Don)  (1909). 
Fokien:  C  de  Gnjs  in  Herb.  Hance  (No.  7046).     Formosa:  mountains,  600  m. 
alt.,  teste  Miyoshi.    Spontaneous  perhaps  in  the  Island  of  Osliima  (Liu-kiu),  teste 
Miyoshi.    Cultivated  in  Japan  teste  Maximowicz. 
Very  near  to  P.  cerasoides  D.  Don. 

63.  Prunus  Hosseusii  Diels  in  Feddo,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IV.  289  (1907). 
Siam;  Doi  Sutcp,  Hosseus  (No.  260). 

Perhaps  to  be  united  with  P.  cerasoides  D.  Don. 

64.  Prunus  cerasoides  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  239  (1825). 


254  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Prunus  silvatica  Roxburgh  Hort.  Beng.  92  (nomen  nudum)  (1814) ;  Fl.  Ind.  II. 

501  (1832). 
Cerasus  Phoshia  Hamilton  ex  D.  Don  apud  Seringe  in  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II. 

535  (1825). 
Cerasus  Puddum  Seringe  in  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II.  537  (1825)  ^  —  Roxburgh 

apud  Wallich,  PL  As.  rar.  II.,  37  t.  143  (1831). 
Prunus  Puddum  Roxburgh  ms.  apud  Brandis,  Forest  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  194  (1874).  — 

Brandis,  Indian  Trees,  279,  fig.  121  (1906).  —  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II. 

314  (non  Miquel,  non  Franchet)  (1878). 

65.  Prunus  rufa  Steudel,  Nomend.  Bot.  II.  404  (1841)  —  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit. 
Ind.  II.  314  (pro  parte)  (1878). 

Cerasus  rufa  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  721  (nomen  nudum)  (1829). 
Eastern  Himalaya:   Sikkim. 

66.  Prunus  trichantha  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Primus  rufa  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  314  (pro  parte)  (1878). 

Rami  hornotini,  saepe  etiam  annotini  hirto-tomentosi,  petioH  circiter  10  mm. 
longi,  glabri  v.  rufo-hirti,  glandulae  interdum  2,  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  e 
basi  acuminata  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  6.5-11.5  cm.  longa  2.2-3.2  cm. 
lata,  longe  anguste  acuminata,  subtus  in  costa  rufo-hirta  ceterum  sparsim  strigosa 
V.  subglabra,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  dense  ceterum  sparsim  rufo-villosa.  In- 
volucra  videntur  1  cm.  longa  (rudimentum  adest);  pedunculus  subnullus;  flores  2 
umbellati,  coaetanei  foUis  simul  3-7  cm.  longis;  bracteae  10-12  mm.  longae,  argute 
glanduloso-serrulatae ;  pedicelli  11-12  mm.  longi,  glabri,  fructiferi  incrassati;  cupula 
10-15  mm.  longa,  crasse  tubulosa,  dense  subaccumbenti-rufo-hirta;  sepala  suberecta, 
ovato-triangularia,  4-5.5  mm.  longa,  parce  v.  frequentius  glandulis  marginata; 
petala  ^  8  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  lata,  extus  accumbenti-hirta;  stamina  circiter  45, 
majora  ad  5  mm.  longa;  stylus  glaber.  Drupa  ovalis,  11  mm.  longa  8  mm.  diam.; 
putamen  ovale,  11:8  mm.,  obtusissimum,  valide  foveolatum. 

Eastern  Himalaya:  Sikkim,  Tonghoo,  alt.  3000  m.,  May  29,  1862,  T.  Ander- 
son (No.  466);  Sikkim,  temperate  region,  alt.  3000-4000  m.,  m  Herb.  Ind.  Or. 
Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  in  part. 

P.  rufa  is  readily  distinguished  from  this  species  by  glabrous  flowers  and  pube- 
scent style  as  well  as  by  the  shorter  and  broader  leaves. 


Subsect.  12.   MICROCALYMMA  Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

67.   Prunus  Herincqiana  Lavallee.     See  p.  214. 

Prunus  Herincqiana,  var.  biloba  (Franchet)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 

Prunus  biloba  Franchet  in  Herb.  Paris. 

RamuU  novelli  inde  a  basi  hirti.  Foliorum  lamina  e  basi  late  cuneata  v.  subito 
contracta  late  elliptica,  4-7.3  cm.  longa,  1.8-4  cm.  lata,  brevissime  serrata,  supra 
glabra.    Sepala  2.7  mm.  longa.    Drupa  7  mm.  longa,  6  mm.  diam.  (in  sicco). 

China,  P.  Farges  (No.  998). 

1  Don's  name  is  older  than  that  of  De  Candolle,  as  the  latter  quotes  the  Prod- 
romus  Florae  Nepalenis. 

2  I  have  seen  but  one  petal,  which  was  not  in  its  place,  but  sticking  to  the  outside 
of  the  calyx.  I  am  therefore  not  certain  whether  this  petal  does  not  belong  to 
another  plant. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  255 

In  the  type  the  shoots  are  hirsute  only  toward  the  apex;  the  leaves  are  oblong  or 
oblong-lanceolate,  usually  6-9,  or  even  to  14  cm.  long  and  2.5-4  (-5)  cm.  broad, 
pubescent  on  the  midrib  above  and  sometimes  also  on  the  lateral  veins;  the  sepals 
are  3-4  mm.  long;  the  fruit  in  the  fresh  state  is  9  mm.  in  diameter.  The  petals  of 
the  type  are  two-lobed  as  in  the  variety. 

68.  Prunus  subhirtella  Miquel  mAnn.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  91  (1865),  cmen- 
danda.  —  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXII.  t.  7508  (1896).  —  Koehne  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  173  (1909).  —  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  115 
(1908),  etiam  hue  pertinere  videtur. 

Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  oblongifolia  Miquel,  I.  c.,  quoad  ramos  floriferos  (rami 

steriles  foliati  ad  P.  Buergerinnam  Miquel  e  subgenere  Pado  pertinent). 
Prunus  incisa  Maximowncz  in   Bidl.  Sci.  Acad.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  99; 
in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  692   (non  Thunbcrg)    (1833);  pro  parte,  saltem  quoad 
synonymum  P.  subhirtella  Miquel  et  e  "corymbis  praecocibus." 
Prunus  pendula,  var.  ascendens  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  VII.  103  (1893),  an 

hue  pertinet? 
Prunus  Herincquiana,  var.  ascendens  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  1.  608 

(1906). 
Prunus  itosakra,  i3  subhirtella  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  ISO  (190S), 
est  eadem  quae  P.  subhirtella  Makino. 
The  examination  of  all  the  specimens  in  the  Rijks-Herbarium  at  Leyden  designated 
by  Miquel  himself  as  P.  subhirtella  has  given  the  following  result:  there  are  four 
flowering  and  five  leafy  branches  of  the  plant  figured  later  by  Hooker  as  P.  sub- 
hirtella, one  flowering  and  one  leafy  branch  of  P.  Herincquiana  Lavallee  and  four 
leafy  branches  of  P.  -pendula  Maximowicz.  The  variety  oblongifolia  Miquel  con- 
sists of  six  flowering  branches  of  typical  P.  subhirtella  and  four  leafy  branches  of 
P.  Buergeriana  Miquel.  Therefore  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  Miquel  intended 
the  name  P.  subhirtella  for  the  same  plant  which  later  Hooker  considered  P.  sub- 
hirtella, but  that  he  added  to  his  P.  subhirtella  by  mistake  wrongly  determined 
branches  of  other  species.  I  therefore  think  that  the  name  P.  subhirtella  with 
the  authority  of  Miquel  can  be  retained  for  the  species  in  question.  Although 
Maximowicz  refers  P.  subhirtella  as  a  synonym  to  P.  incisa  Thunberg,  no  reason  for 
this  is  apparent,  as  none  of  Miquel's  specimens  belongs  to  P.  incisa. 

Japan  :  I  have  seen  quite  a  number  of  specimens  without  locality  or  collector, 
also  specimens  collected  by  Siebold,  Buerger  and,  as  far  as  I  could  make  it  out,  by 
Sahsnbro  (Miquel  gives  Saksako  as  the  Japanese  name  of  the  plant).  Further- 
more specimens  from  Hondo,  environs  of  Hirosaki,  May  27,  1905,  U.  Faurie  (No. 
6700);    Mt.  Sliikosan,  May  3.  1907,  U.  Faurie  (No.  100). 

Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  fukubana  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  118 
(1908),  ab  autore  dicitur  forsan  Prunus  Itosakura,  var.  ascendens  Makino  X 
Prunus  subhirtella  Miquel. 

Prunus  itosakra,  y  ascendens,  subvar.  amabilis  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag. 
XXIII.  181  (1909)  an  eadem? 
Flores  plus  minus  pleni,  purpurascenti-rosei  (Makino),  v.  plerumque  pleni  albo- 
rosei  (Koidzumi).    "Ovaries  1-2  in  a  flower"  (Makino). 

In  the  Herbarium  at  Leyden  I  have  seen  a  branch  with  double  flowers  belonging 
to  P.  subhirtella.  It  was  originally  labelled  Cerasus  itosakura  flore  semipleno,  and 
then  determined  by  Miquel  as  P.  subhirtella.  The  number  of  petals  was  13-14, 
about  11  mm.  long  and  7  mm.  broad,  the  number  of  stamens  61  and  of  pistils  2. 
The  style  was  glabrous;  it  is  also  in  typical  P.  subhirtella  sometimes  nearly  glabrous. 
Makino  describes  the  style  of  his  var.  fukubana  as  "thinly  pilose." 


256  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

69.  Primus  pendula  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  98;  in 
Mel.  Biol.  XI.  690  (1883),  quoad  diagnosin,  sed  exemplaribus  pluribus  authenticis 
ad  species  alias  ducendis;  cf.  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  174 
(1909),  ubi  citantur  icones. 

Prunus  Itosakura  Siebold  in  Verh.  Batav.  Genoot.  XII.  No.  I.  68  (Syn.  PL 

Oecon.)  (nomen  nudum)  (1830).  — Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  114 

(1908). 
Cerasus  pendula  flore  rosea  Siebold,  Cat.  V.  31  (1863),  teste  Maximowicz. 
Cerasus  pendula  rosea  Dombrain,  Floral  Mag.  X.  t.  536  (1871). 
Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  pendula,  Tanaka,  Useful  PL  Jap.  153,  fig.  620  (1895). 
Cerasus  Itosakura  Siebold  in  Herb.,  teste  Maximowicz,  I.  c. 
Cerasus  Hermcquiana  Lavall6e,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.  117  (1885),  forsan  pro  parte 

(non  tab.  35!). 
Prunus  Miqueliana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  609  (non  Maximowicz) 

(1906). 
Prunus  Herincqiana  Schneider,  1.  c.  608,  quoad  synonyma  nonnuUa. 
Cerasus  pendula  Siebold  in  herb.,  teste  Koehne,  1.  c. 
Prunus  cerasus  pendula  flore  roseo  Hort.,  teste  Koehne,  1.  c. 
Prunus  itosakra,  a  pendula  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  180  (1909). 
Japan.    I  have  seen  only  a  few  Japanese  specimens  without  locality  or  collector 
and  one  specimen  collected  by  Siebold,  all  in  the  Herbarium  at  Leyden  and  de- 
termined by  Miquel  erroneously  as  his  P.  subhirtella. 

70.  Prunus  taiwaaiana  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXX.  87  (1911), 
Formosa.    Not  known  to  me.    Hayata  says;   "somewhat  like  P.  penduZa,  but 

distinguishable  by  the  smaller  flowers  with  narrower  and  more  deeply  emarginate 
petals." 

71.  Prunus  microlepis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  annotini  tenues  (an  penduh?),  pallide  fuscescenti-cani,  glabri;  gemmae 
circiter  3  mm.  longae,  anguste  ovato-conicae,  glabrae,  solitariae  v.  ternae  tunc 
media  foliifera,  laterales  floriferae  (ut  in  Microceraso).  Folia  sub  anthesi  5-7 
mm.  longa;  dentes  sub  lente  vahda  longiores  quam  latae,  multae  bifidae,  omnea 
obtusae  omnino  eglandulosae,  saepe  incurvae;  lamina  supra  pilis  rigiduhs  con- 
epersa,  subtus  nonnisi  in  nervis  pilosa.  Involucra  parva,  circiter  5  mm.  longa; 
pedunculus  0-5  mm.  longus;  flores  (l-)2  umbellati,  praecoces;  bracteae  spathu- 
lato-rotundatae,  circiter  3-4  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriato-serratae,  herbaceae; 
pedicelli  10-16  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  pilis  paucis  tenerrimis  conspersi;  cupula  5 
mm.  longa,  campanulato-tubulosa,  glabra  v.  subglabra;  sepala  ovata  obtusa, 
3.5  mm.  longa,  Integra;  petala  rotundata,  7  mm.  longa  6  mm.  lata,  leviter  emar- 
ginata;  stamina  35,  petaUs  subbreviora,  ad  5  mm.  longa;  stylus  stamina  paullo 
euperans,  glaber. 

Hondo:  prov.  Senano,  a.  1864,  Tschonoski  (Maximowicz,  Iter  II.),  determined 
by  Maximowicz  as  P.  pendula,  mixed  with  var.  ternata. 

Differs  from  P.  pendula  Maximowicz  by  the  obtuse  serratures  of  the  leaves, 
the  shorter  and  broader  sepals,  the  small  petals,   the  more  numerous  stamens 
shghtly  shorter  than  the  petals  and  the  glabrous  style. 
Prunus  microlepis,  var.  temata  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  intense  fusci;  gemmae  ternatim  ramulos  vix  3  mm.  longos  terminantes, 
media  foliifera,  laterales  floriferae.  Flores  sohtarii;  pedicelli  5-6  mm.  longi;  cupula 
6  mm. ;  sepala  late  ovata,  hinc  inde  intus  pilosa  tenereque  breviter  ciliata,  2  mm. 
longa;  petala  8  mm.  longa  6  mm.  lata;  stamina  41,  ad  6  mm.  longa;  stylus  stamini- 
bus  subbrevior. 

Hondo:  Tschonoski  (with  the  type,  determined  by  Maximowicz  as  P.  pendula). 


ROSACE  AE.  —  PRUNUS  257 

Subscct.  13.   CERASEIDOS  (Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

Ceraseidos  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.   Akad.  Miinch.  III.  743  t.  5  (1843), 
sensu  ampliato. 

Ser.  1.  Phyllopodium,  n.  ser. 

72.  Prunus  setiilosa  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  165  (1892);  in  Gartenfl. 
XLII.  330  (1892). 

Eastern  Kansu:  near  the  monastery  of  Dshoni,  May  31,  1885;  in  the  high 
pass  between  Minping  and  Wuping,  July  3,  1885,  G.  N.  Potanin  (not  seen). 

73.  Prunus  phyllopoda  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  tenues,  annotini  pilorum  residuis  hirtuli,  pallide  fuscescentes,  vetustiorea 
glabri,  fusci.  Folia  juvenilia:  stipulae  anguste  lineares,  parvae,  parce  glanduloso- 
fimbriatae;  petioli  2-8  mm.  longi,  hirsuti;  glandulae  saepe  2-4  laminae  basi  inser- 
tae,  stipitatae;  lamina  e  basi  rotundata  late  ovata,  circ.  3  cm.  longa  2  cm.  lata, 
subacuminata,  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  latis,  cuspidatis,  glandula  nulla 
V.  parum  conspicua  terminatis,  utrinque  densiuscule  hirsuta,  nervis  utrinsccua 
circiter  7,  subtus  vix  pallidior.  Involucra  circiter  5  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  ad 
15  mm.  longus,  villosus;  flores  1-2  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  2-4,  infimis 
sterilibus,  euphyllis  consimiles,  infimis  breviter  petiolatis  ad  20  mm.  longis,  superiori- 
bus  13-6  mm.  longis;  pedicelli  10  mm.  longi,  tenere  villosi;  cupula  6.5  mm.  longa, 
3.5  mm.  diam.,  suburceolata-tubulosa,  dense  villosa;  sepala  suberecta,  anguste 
oblongo-triangularia  acuta,  3.5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  ciUata,  utrinque  laxe  villosa; 
petala  obovata,  5  mm.  longa  4  mm.  lata,  haiid  emarginata,  leviter  eroso-crenulata; 
stamina  32,  petalis  paullo  breviora,  ad  3.5  mm.  longa;  pistillum  9  mm.  longum; 
stylus  staminibus  subbrevior,  usque  ad  duas  tertias  partes  dense  lanato-villosus. 
Drupa  ignota. 

Northern  Shensi:  Ken-y-shan  (Lao-y-shan),  May  2,  1899,  G.  Giraldi. 

74.  Prunus  canescens  Bois.    See  p.  215. 

75.  Prunus  Veitchii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.6-2-metralis;  rami  annotini  cani,  glabri,  vestustiores  fusci  v.  cinereo- 
fusci.  Folia  juvenilia  sub  anthesi  tantum  nota;  lamina  ad  22  mm.  longa,  8  mm. 
lata,  longe  acuminata,  inciso-serrata  dentibus  bifidis  acuminatis  eglandulosis,  supra 
glabra,  subtus  praesertim  in  nervis  pilis  accumbentibus  rigidulis  obsita.  Involucra 
8-10  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  nullus;  flores  1-3  umbellati,  subpraecoces;  bracteae 
subexsertae,  euphyllis  consimiles,  subpetiolatae;  pedicelli  8-13  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
cupula  8-10  mm.  longa,  e  basi  acuta  tubulosa  v.  leviter  obconica,  glabra;  sepala 
patentia,  ovata  v.  oblonga,  acuta,  4.5-5  mm.  longa,  Integra,  glabra;  petala  ovata, 
10  mm.  longa,  7  mm.  lata,  emarginata;  stamina  37,  petahs  subaequilonga,  ad  9 
mm.  longa;  stylus  stamina  aequans  v.  3  mm.  longior,  glaber. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-yang,  woods,  alt.  2000  m.,  April  4,  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  66). 

The  correct  place  of  this  species  in  the  genus  is  not  at  all  certain.  'NMien  com- 
pletely known,  it  may  be  necessary  to  transfer  it  to  another  group. 

Ser.   2.  Droserina,  n.  sect. 

76.  Prunus  Giraldiana  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  65  (1905). 
Northern  Shensi:  Quen-tou-shan,  May  5,  1898,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  3789). 

77.  Prunus  droseracea  Koehne.    See  p.  215. 


258  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 


Ser.  3.  OxTODON,  n.  ser. 

78.  Prunus  trichostoma  Koehne.    See  p.  216. 

79.  Prunus  latidentata  Koehne.    See  p.  217. 

80.  Prunus  micromeloides  Koehne.    See  p.  218. 

81.  Prunus  oxyodonta  Koehne.     See  p.  218. 

82.  Prunus  glyptocarya  Koehne.     See  p.  219. 

83.  Prunus  podadenia  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2.3  m.  altus ;  rami  hornotini  laxe  hirti  v.  superne  subglabri,  fusci,  vetustiores 
glabri,  cano-fuscescentes;  gemmae  2  mm.  longae.  Stipulae  lanceolatae,  basi  saepe 
hinc  pinnatifidae,  5-8  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  pleraeque  persistentes; 
petioli  8-15  mm.  longi,  superne  breviuscule  hirti  v.  glabri;  glandulae  1-2,  petioli 
apice  V.  laminae  basi  insertae,  stipitatae,  0.5-1  mm.  longae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta 
V.  rotundata  ovato-oblonga,  oblonga  v.  inverse  oblonga,  5-8.5  cm.  longa,  2.5-4 
cm.  lata,  caudata,  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  plerisque  latioribus  quam 
longis,  acutissimis  v.  argute  acuminatis,  glandula  punctiformi  terminatis,  supra 
pilis  rigidulis  conspersa,  subtus  in  costa  ner\dsque  densiuscule  cetermn  laxe  breviter 
hirta,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-16,  laete  viridis,  subtus  parum  pallidior,  papyracea. 
Flores  ignoti.  Pedunculus  fructifer  8-12  mm.  longus,  basi  hirtus;  bracteae  3, 
rotundatae  v.  obovato-rotundatae  circ.  4  mm.  longae,  glanduloso-fimbriatae  glan- 
dulis  ovatis,  herbaceae,  persistentes;  pedicelU  fructiferi  1-2  umbellati  v.  racemosi, 
17-24  mm.  longi,  glabri,  sm-sum  sensim  incrassati.  Drupa  globoso-ovalis,  circiter 
10  mm.  longa,  in  sicco  paUida;  putamen  ovale,  7.5:5.5:4  mm.,  valide  subreti- 
culato-costatum,  carina  plena. 

Western  China:  mountains,  alt.  3000  m.,  July  1903  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3525^). 

This  species  seems  very  near  to  P.  ghjptocarya  Koehne,  but  it  has  shorter  hairs 
on  the  under  side  of  the  leaves,  persistent  bracts  and  ovoid  fruits  and  stones. 

84.  Prunus  lobulata  Koehne.     See  p.  220. 

85.  Prunus  stipulacea  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XL  689 
(1883). 

Kansu:  Tangut  Region,  A''.  M.  Prewalski  (Nos.  19,  187,  338,  and  some  specimens 
without  number). 

86.  Prunus  pleuroptera  Koehne.    See  p.  221. 

87.  Prunus  Zappeyana  Koehne.     See  p.  221. 

Prunus  Zappeyana?  var.  subsimplex  Koehne.     See  p.  222. 

88.  Prunus  incisa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  202 '(1784);  sed  vix  Maximowicz  in 
Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XI.  692  (1883);  cf.  supra  No.  66.  Prunus  sub- 
hirtella  Miquel. 

Cerasus  incisa  Loiseleur,  Nouveau  Duhamel,  V.  33  (1812). 

Ceraseidos  apetala  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mxis.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  93  (1865),  pro  parte, 
nempe  quoad  synonymum  Prunus  incisa  Thimberg. 
Japan.  I  have  seen  a  specimen  from  Thunberg  in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden 
(determined  by  Miquel  erroneously  as  Ceraseidos  apetala),  and  specimens  from  Sie- 
hold  (determined  also  as  Ceraseidos  apetala).  Without  locaUty,  J.  J.  Rein;  summit 
of  Mount  Komagatake,  collector  not  indicated;  Ohyama,  Sagami,  May  18,  1900, 
J.  Matsumura  (kindly  sent  to  me  under  the  name  of  P.  incisa) .  Hondo:  Swagisan, 
prov.  Idzu,  June  12,  1883,  J.  Matsumura  (sent  to  me  as  P.  incisa);  Fusi-San, 
June  10,  1898,  U.  Faurie  (No.  2099);  Daisen,  May  28,  1899,  U.  Faurie  (No.  3160). 


EOS  ACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  259 


Ser.  4.  EucERASEiDos,  n.  ser. 

89.  Prunus  caudata  Franchet,  PI.  Delavmj.  196  (1889). 

Yunnan:  woods  near  the  hill  of  Yen-tze-hay,  above  Lan-kong,  May  24,  1887, 
M.  J.  Delavay  (No.  2G58). 

90.  Prunus  iwagiensis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  annotini  glabri.  Stipulae  angustissime  lineares,  ad  6  mm.  longae,  margine 
glandulosae;  petioli  circa  6  mm.  longi,  glabri,  glandulas  1-2  apice  gerente.s; 
lamina  e  basi  rotundata  suborbicularia  v.  obovata,  ad  2.5  cm.  longa  (sub  anthesi), 
caudata,  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  primariis  manifesto  longioribus  quam 
latis,  medio  saepe  subdilatatis,  secundariis  subangustis,  obtusiusculis  subcuspidatis, 
glandula  capitata  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  pilosa,  subtus  in  nervis  venisque 
validioribus  parce  v.  uberius  hirta.  Involucra  6-9  mm.  longa;  pedunculus  nullus; 
flores  1-2  umbellati,  coaetanei;  bracteae  interdum  subexsertae,  herbaceae;  pedi- 
celU  11-15  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  5-6  mm.  longa,  subanguste  turbinata,  glabra; 
sepala  erecto-patula,  ovata  acuminata,  4-5  mm.  longa,  Integra  v.  subintegra, 
glabra;  petala  rotundata,  10  mm.  longa  9  mm.  lata,  vix  emarginata;  stamina 
32-35,  petalis  dimidio  breviora,  ad  5.5  mm.  longa;   stylus  glaber. 

Hondo:  woods  of  Iwagi,  May  13,  1905,  U.  Faurie  (No.  6699). 

Prunus  iwagiensis  differs  from  all  the  Japanese  species  of  the  group  Euceraseidos 
in  the  turbinate  cupula,  and  from  most  of  them  also  in  the  rather  large  petals. 

91.   Prunus  nipponica  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XV.  99  (1901). 

Prunus  Miqueliana  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  184    (non  Maxl- 

mowicz)  (1909). 
Prunus  Ceraseidos  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  103; 

in  Mel  Biol.  XI.  698  (pro  parte)  (1883). 
Prunus  apetala,  typica  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  608  (1906),  hue 
pertinere  videtiu-. 
Japan:    Nikko,  June  12,   1901,  Matsumura  (sent  to  me  as  P.  Miqueliana); 
Nikko,  Simotsuke,  June  12,  1901,  Yabe  (sent  to  me  as  "P.  Miqueliana  =  P.  nip- 
ponica");  Nikko,  Konseitoge,  July  22,  1883,  Matsimiura  (sent  as  P.  Miqueliana); 
Owatesan,  Rikuchu,  June  26,  1907,  Nakahara;  province  Echigo,  August   1905,  H. 
Shirasawa     (sent     as    P.    Miqueliana);     woods    of    Takayu,    June     24,     1904, 
U.  Faurie  (No.  6052);  Fusi-San,  1864,  Tschonoski  (as  P.  ceraseidos,  var.  glabrata 
Maximowicz;    other  specimens  from  Tschonoski  belong  to  the  very  different  P. 
Tschonoskii  Koehne);    Ontake,  3000  m.  alt.,  July  1875,  J.  J.  Rein. 

This  species  differs  from  all  other  species  of  the  group  Ceraseidos  in  the  bifid 
petals;  they  are  10-11  mm.  long,  4-5  mm.  broad;  the  very  narrow  incision  is 
3  mm.  deep  and  the  two  lobes  are  acute. 

92.   Prunus  autximnaUs  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  autumnalis  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.    117 
(1908)  ex  descriptione  eadem  videtur  quae  species  mea,  sed  flores  dicuntur 
plus  minus  pleni  rosei. 
Rami  annotini  glabri,  tenues,  ochraceo-fuscescentes  v.  cani;    gemmae  3-4  mm. 
longae,  nitidae.     Stipulae  mihi  ignotae;  petioli  circa  9  mm.  longi,  dense  hirti,  glan- 
dulas 2  vaUdas  gerentes;    lamina  e  basi  late  cuneata  ovato-oblonga,  oblonga  v. 
oblongo-lanceolata,  3.4-5.7  cm.  longa,  1.2-2.3  cm.  lata,  sensim  acuminata,  inciso- 
duplicato-serrata,   dentibus  vix   acuminalis,   glandula  capitata  terminatis,   supra 
pilis  conspersa,  subtus  in  nervis  densiuscule  ceterum  spar.sim  pilosa,  nervis  utrin- 
eecus  7-8.    Involucra  4  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata;  pedunculus  nullus;  bracteae  in- 


260  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

clusae,  raro  subexsertae,  oblongae,  5  mm.  longae,  serrulatae,  herbaceae;  flores  1-2 
umbellati,  autumno  florentes;  pedicelli  4-7  mm.  longi,  parcissime  pilosi;  cupula 
4  mm.  longa,  tubuloso-campanulata,  glabra  v.  parcissime  pilosa;  sepala  oblonga 
acutiuscula,  3.5  mm.  longa,  minutim  dense  serrulata;  petala  anguste  ovata,  9  mm. 
longa,  5  mm.  lata,  vix  emarginata;  stamina  29,  petalis  multo  breviora,  ad  3  mm. 
longa;  stylus  staminibus  2-3  mm.  longior,  glaber  ("  thinly  pilose,"  Makino). 
Drupa  ignota. 

Hondo:   Yedo,  autumno,  Wichura  (No.  11476). 

Belongs  according  to  the  leaves  to  sect.  Euceraseidos,  though  it  much  resembles 
in  the  shape  of  the  cupula  and  the  sepals  P.  pendula  Maximowicz. 

93.  Prunus  kurilensis  Miyabe  apud  Takeda  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIV.  11 
(1910). 

P.  ceraseidos,  var.  kurilensis  Miyabe,  in  Mem.  Boston  Soc.  Nat.  Hist.  IV.  226 

(Fl.  Kurile  I  si.)  (1890). 
P.  incisa,  var.  kurilensis  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  184  (1909). 

I  have  seen  no  specimen  of  this  species.  In  the  Berlin  Botanic  Garden  a  plant 
is  cultivated  received  from  Sapporo  aus  P.  kurilensis  which  has  not  yet  flowered. 
It  exhibits  the  following  characters: 

Rami  hornotini  autumno  glabri,  hinc  pallidi,  hinc  purpureo-fusci,  vetustiores 
nigrescenti-fusci;  gemmae  1.5-2  mm.  longae,  rotundatae  v.  ovatae.  Stipulae  circa 
3-4  mm.  longae,  ovatae  vel  oblongae,  glanduloso-serratae,  pro  parte  persistentes; 
petioli  5-14  mm.  longi,  breviter  patentim  villosi;  glandulae  saepe  1-2,  petioli  apici 
vel  laminae  basi  insertae;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  vel  rotundata  rotundato-ovata  v. 
latius  angustiusve  obovata,  4-7.5  cm.  longa,  2.4-4.2  cm.  lata,  lobulato-dupli- 
cato-serrata,  lobulis  latioribus  quam  longis  vel  sublongioribus  quam  latis,  dentibus 
subacuminatis,  glandula  capitata  terminatis,  supra  sparsim  strigosa  vel  glabrata, 
subtus  in  costa,  vix  in  nervis  hirsuta  v.  glabrata,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus 
paullo  pallidior. 

The  leaves  resemble  strongly  those  of  P.  nipponica  Maximowicz.  The  Berlin 
plant  differs  from  the  original  description  in  the  narrower  leaves,  which  are  described 
by  Miyabe  as  orbicular  to  obovate,  7-8  cm.  long  and  5.2-6  cm.  broad. 

94.   Prunus  nikkoensis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  annotini  pallide  cani,  nigro-punctulati,  glabri,  vetustiores  nigro-fusci. 
Folia  valde  juvenilia  tantum  nota:  glandulae  1-2  petioli  apici  insertae;  lamina 
ovata,  1.5-2  cm.  longa,  caudata,  profunde  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  duplo 
longioribus  quam  latis,  obtusiusculis  subcuspidatis,  glandula  capitata  terminatis, 
supra  undique,  subtus  in  nervis  pilis  longis  albis  plus  minus  dense  obtecta.  In- 
volucra  7-9  mm.  longa,  5-9  mm.  lata,  erecto-patula;  pedunculus  nullus;  flores 
2-4  umbellati,  praecoces  v.  subpraecoces;  bracteae  inclusae;  pedicelli  6-13  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  cupula  5-6  mm.  longa,  subanguste  campanulato-tubulosa  v.  leviter 
obconica,  glabra;  sepala  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  subacuminata,  2-3.5  mm.  longa, 
Integra,  glabra;  petala  ovata  v.  obovata,  6.5-7  mm.  longa,  4  mm.  lata,  emarginata 
sinu  triangulari-patente;  stamina  31-34,  petalis  breviora,  ad  3.6-4  mm.  longa; 
stylus  staminibus  2.5-4  mm.  longior,  glaber.     Drupa  ignota. 

Japan:  without  date  and  locality,  H.  Shirasawa  (sent  to  me  as  P.  pseudocerasus 
spontanea);  Nikko",  May  7,  1898,  U.  Faurie  (No.  2096,  determined  by  Shirai  as  P. 
ceraseidos,  var.  glabrata  Maximowicz). 

This  species  is  very  distinct  from  P.  pseudocerasus  Lindley  in  the  precocious 
flowers  and  in  the  quite  different  serratures  of  the  leaves  and  their  glands.  It  ia 
also  readily  distinguished  from  "  P.  ceraseidos  glabrata  Maximowicz  "  (which  is  prob- 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  261 

ably  P.  nipponica  Matsumura)  by  the  only  slightly  emarginate  and  much  smaller 
petals. 

95.  Prunus  Miqueliana  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pctersbourg,  XI. 
692  (non  Schneider)  (1883). 

Japan:  Nippon,  province  Senano,  a.  1864,  Tschonoski.  (Maximowicz  cites 
"in  silvis  subalpinis  Nippon,  Nikko.") 

There  are  no  indications  in  the  Rijks-Herbarium  at  Leyden  that  P.  incisa  Miqucl 
belongs  here  in  part,  as  Maximowicz  believed.  Prunus  Miqueliana  is  apparently 
very  near  P.  Tschonoskii,  but  differs  in  the  very  slight  pubescence  of  the  calyx 
and  of  the  much  shorter  pedicels,  in  the  shorter  cupula  and  more  numerous  (34) 
stamens. 

96.  Prunus  Tschonoskii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  ceraseidos  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peter shourg,  XXIX.  103; 

in  M61.  Biol.  XI.  698  (pro  parte)  (1883). 
Prunus  apetala,  var.  iwozana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  608  (1906) 
hue  forsan  pertinet. 

Rami  hornotini  dense  hirti,  demum  saepe  glabri,  annotini  glabri,  pallide  cani, 
dein  cinerei  v.  nigricantes;  gemmae  vix  1.5  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  3-7 
mm.  longae,  lineares,  pectinato-pinnatifidae ;  petioU  2-8  mm.  longi,  dense  hirsuti, 
glandulis  1-2  petioli  apici  v.  laminae  basi  insertis;  lamina  versus  basin  obtusam 
sensim  angustata,  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  3.5-10  cm.  longa,  1.5-5  cm.  lata, 
caudata,  simpUciter  ac  hinc  inde  subduplicato-inciso-crenata,  dentibus  obtusis 
cuspidatis,  glandula  capitata  terminatis,  supra  pilis  longiuscuhs  accumbentibus 
obsita,  subtus  dense  longiuscule  villosa  v.  inter  nervos  glabrior,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  6-10.  Involucra  circa  1  cm.  longa;  pedunculus  2-11  mm.  longus;  flores 
1-3  umbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  3-5.5  cm.  longis;  bracteae  3-5  mm.  longae; 
pedicelli  22-35  mm.  longi,  dense  v.  densiuscule  villosiuscuh;  cupula  10-12  mm. 
longa,  crasse  tubulosa,  dense  pubescenti-villosiuscula;  sepala  ovata  acuta,  3-4  mm. 
longa,  argute  serrulata,  extus  pilosa;  petala  rotundata,  7-8  mm.  longa,  emarginata; 
stamina  circa  25,  petalis  dimidio  breviora,  ad  3.5  mm.  longa;  stylus  basi  parce 
villosus.  Drupa  globosa,  9  mm.  diam.,  nigra  (ut  videtur);  putamen  ovatum, 
6.3:4.5:4  mm.,  obsoletissime  sulcatum. 

Japan:  Nippon,  province  Senano,  a.  1864,  Tschonoski  (as  "P.  ceraseidos  Maxi- 
mowicz;" other  specimens  belong  to  P.  nipponica);  Niohosan,  Nikko,  June  14, 
1901,  Yabe;  Sanjusan,  Nikko,  April  12,  1901,  Yabe;  Nakimusi-Sando,  Nikko, 
June  13,  1901,  Yabe  (the  specimens  by  Yabe  were  sent  to  me  as  P.  apetala). 

97.  Pninus  apetala  (Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI. 
Jap.  II.  329  (1879),  (non  Zabel,  cf.  P.  Maximowiczii,  No.  9). 

Ceraseidos '  apetala  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  III.  743.  t.  5 

(1843). 
Prunus  ceraseidos  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PStersbourg,  XXIX,  103; 
in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  698  (pro  parte)  (1883). 
As  this  species  is  usually  confused  with  others  I  add  here  a  description  drawn 
from  the  type  specimen  in  the  llijks-IIerbarium  at  Lej'den. 

Ramuli  noveUi  glabri,  annotini  pallide  cano-ocliracei,  vetustiores  fuscescenti- 
cani  ;  stipulae  3.5-10  mm.  longae,  saepe  basi  pectinato-pinnatifidae,  glanduloso- 
fimbriatae;  petioli  ad  4  mm.  longi  (sub  anthesi),  dense  villosi,  saepiua  1-2  glandu- 
losi;  lamina  obovato-oblonga  v.  inverse  oblonga,  2.8-5.8  cm.  longa,  1.5-2.5  cm. 

»  Schneider  quotes  Cerasaidos  apetala  and  Prunus  ccrasaidos. 


262  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

lata,  caudata,  lobulato-duplicato-crenata,  dentibus  sat  angustis,  obtusis  cuspidatis, 
glandula  capitata  terminatis,  supra  accumbenti-villosa,  subtus  in  nervis  densissime, 
inter  nervos  laxius  longe  hirtovillosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10.  Involucrum  circa  6 
mm.  longum;  pedunculus  nullus;  flores  1-2  umbellati,  coaetanei  foliis  simul  ad 
4  cm.  longis;  bractea  semiexserta;  pedicelli  12-22  mm.  longi,  laxe  hirto-villosi; 
cupula  8  mm.  longa,  crasse  tubulosa,  in  nervis  parce  pUosa,  purpurea;  sepala 
ovata,  4.5-4.5  mm.  longa,  minutissime  parce  serrulata,  extus  parce  pilosa,  intense 
purpurea;  petala  nulla!;  stamina  26,  ad  4  mm.  longa;  stylus  staminibus  5  mm. 
longior,  basi  pilis  longis  paucissimis  obsitus. 

Japan:  In  the  Herbarium  at  Leyden  are  two  sheets,  on  both  P.  apetala  is 
mixed  with  P.  incisa  Thunberg;  the  labels  can  not  be  referred  with  certainty  to 
either  of  the  two  species. 

A  foliiferous  branch  kindly  sent  me  by  Matsumura  as  P.  apetala  seems  to  belong 
here: 

Ramus  glaber,  fuscus;  gemmae  4  mm.  longae,  glabrae.  Petioli  6-13  mm.  longi; 
lamina  obovata  ad  obovato-oblonga,  4-8.5  cm.  longa,  2-4  cm.  lata,  dentibus  pri- 
mariis  pro  parte  ad  7  mm.  longis,  supra  pilis  conspersa,  subtus  in  costa  nervisque 
hirto-villosa  ceterum  glabra  v.  subglabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-7.  Cetera  ut  in 
specimine  anthentico. 

Hokkaido:  July  1906,  H.  Shirasawa. 

The  species  is  really  apetalous;  but  the  calyx  and  sepals  are  colored  intensely 
purple.    It  was  not  respresented  in  any  of  the  other  collections  I  have  consulted. 

Ser.    5.  Amblyodon,  n.  ser. 

98.  Prunus  gracilifolia  Koehne.    See  p.  223. 

99.  Prunus  Rossiana  Koehne.     See  p.  223. 

Grex  II.   MICROCERASUS   (Spach,  Roemer)  Koehne,  n.  divis. 

Cerasus  sect.  Microcerasus  Spach,  Hist.  Veg.  I.  423  (1834);  in  Ann.   Sci.  Nat. 

ser.  2,  XIX.  125  (sensu  ampl.)  (1843). 
Microcerasus  Webb,  Phytogr.  Canar.  II.  19  (sensu  ampl.)  (1836-40)  — Roemer, 

Syn.  PI.  III.  5,  93  (emend.)  (1847). 

Sect.  1.  SPIRAEOPSIS  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  306  (1893),  sed  excludenda 
"Prunus  Simonii  Carriere"  et  "P.  triflora  Roxburgh?" 

Subsect.  1.   MYRICOCERASUS   Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

100.  Prunus  pumila  Linnaeus.    Eastern  North  America. 

101.  Prunus  Besseyi  Bailey.    Eastern  North  America. 

Subsect.  2.   SPIRAEOCERASUS   Koehne,  n.  subsect. 

102.  P.  dictyoneura  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI,  Beibl.  82,  57  (1905). 
Shensi:   Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  Wm.Purdom  (No.  2);  Yenan  Fu,  1910,  Wm.Pur- 

dom  (No.  344).  Also  collected  in  northern  Shensi  by  G.  Giraldi:  Khin-lin-shan, 
May  to  June,  1894,  (No.  1696);  Mt.  Caa-cun,  July  30,  1892  (No.  1134);  San- 
juen-shen,  July  1893  (No.  1135);  Po-uo-li,  southwest  of  Tshin-z-shien  (No.  5195). 

103.  Prunus  hunulis  Bimge  in  Mem.  £tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  II.  97  (Enum. 
PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1833). —  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXX.  t.  7335  (1894).  — Koehne 
in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  181,  fig.  3  (1909). 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  2G3 

Prunus  salicina  Lindley  in  Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  VII.  239  (1830),  an  forte 

hue  pertinet  ? 
P.  Bungei  Walpers,  Rep.  II.  9  (non  Moris)  (1893). 
China,  Peking,  A.  Bunge;  Skatschkow;   Po-hua-shan,  a.  1877,  E.  Bretschneider. 
—  Mandshuria,  purchased  at  R.  11.  Station,  Harbin,  August  1903,  C.  <S.  Sargent 
(mixed  with  P.  japonica  Engleri  Koehne) . 

104.    Prunus  glandulosa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  202  (1784).  —  Koehne  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  181,  fig.  2  (1909). 

Amygdalus  pumila  Linnaeus,  Mant.  I.  74  (1767)  saltern  quoad  iconem  Plukenet- 
tianam  (cf.  infra  sub  subforma  sinensi),  sed  confusa  videtur  cum  aha  quadam 
specie. 
Cerasus  glandulosa  Loiseleur,  Nouv.  Duhamel,  V.  33  (1825). 
For  a  century  this  species  has  been  always  confused  with  P.  japonica  Thunberg, 
but  it  is  very  distinct  and  not  connected  with  the  latter  by  any  intermediate  forms. 
The  opinion  that  transitions  between  these  species  existed  arose  from  the  fact  that 
in  herbaria  admixtures  of  P.  biflora  Koehne  and  even  of  Spiraea  prunifolia  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini  often  occur  without  being  recognized,  and  the  characteristic  shape  of 
the  leaves  has  thus  been  obscured. 

CLAVIS    FORMARUM 

Stipulae  persistentes. 
Styli  glabri 

PediceUi  glabri var.  glabra. 

Flores  simpUces f.  Sieboldiana. 

Flores  albi subf.  alba. 

Flores  rosei subf.  rosea. 

Flores  pleni  albi f.  albiplena. 

Pedicelli  puberuU      var.  Purdomii. 

StyU  basi  pilosi var.  trichostyla 

Flores  simpUces 

PediceUi  glabri f.  Faberi. 

PedicelU  puberuU      f.  paokangensis. 

Flores  pleni  rosei,  pediceUi  puberuU f.  sinensis. 

Stipulae  deciduae      var.  salicifolia. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  glabra  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Prunus  japonica,   /3  glandulosa  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.   LIV. 
13  (1879),  sed  exemplaria  nonnuUa   ab  auctore  ipso  determinata   ad  P. 
japonicam  veram  pertinent. 
RamuU  noveUi  basi  pulverulenti.    Stipulae  persistentes;  lamina  utrinque  glabra 
V.  subtus  axilloso-barbulata.    PedicelU  styUque  glaberrimi. 
Forma  Sieboldiana  Shirai  in  sched.,  n.  f. 
Folia  lanceolata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circa  5  quorum  praecipue  superiora  verticaUa 
V.  conniventia.    Flores  simpUces. 

Japan:  Kabuto,  May  15,  1899,  U.  Faurie  (No.  3211,  color  of  the  flowers  not 
indicated). 

Subf.  alba,  Koehne,  n.  subf. 
P.  japonica  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  VIII.  t.  1801  (1835)  verisimiUter  hue  per- 
tinet, sed  incerta  quia  foliorum  forma  non  distincte  delineata. 
Petala  alba. 
Specimens  not  seen. 

Subf.  rosea,  Koehne,  n.  eubf. 


264  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Prunus  glandulosa  Thunberg, I.e.;  hue  pertinet  propter " coroUam inearnatam." 
Prunus  japonica,  a  typica  flore  rosea  Maximowicz,  in  sehed. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  flor.  simp.  T&naka,  Useful  PL  Jap.  153,fig.  621  (1895). 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  glandulosa  Matsumura,  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XIV.    136 
(1900). 

Petala  rosea,  in  alabastro  purpiirea. 

Japan:  Texior  (in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  mixed  with  P.  triflora  Roxburgh, 
under  the  name  of  P.  japonica) ;  Nagasaki,  1862,  R.  Oldham  (No.  190,  in  the  Berhn 
Herbarium,  mixed  with  Prunus  triflora) ;  Nagasaki,  1863,  Maximowicz  (Iter  II.,  as  P. 
japonica  typica,  fl.  rosea).  —  Mandshuria:  ad  Ussuri  superiorem,  1860,  Maximowicz 
(Iter  II.,  as  P.  japonica,  jS  glandulosa,  mixed  with  the  genuine  P.  japonica  Thimberg). 

Forma  albiplena  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Cerasus  japonica,  /3  multiplex  Seringe  mscr.  apud  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  II.  539 

(pro  parte)  (1825). 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  flore  plena,  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  172  t.  90  f.  iii. 

(pro  parte)  (1826). 
Prunus  japonica  Oudemans,  Neerlands  Plantentuin,  t.  2  (1865). 
Prunus  japonica,  flore  alba  plena  Lemaire  in  III.  Hart.  V.  t.  183  (1858). 
Prunus  japonica,  y  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Sac.  Nat.  Mosc.  LIV.  14  (pro  parte) 

(1879). 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  multiplex  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  72  (pro  parte) 
(1908). 
FoHa  latius  angustiusve  elliptica  ad  late  lanceolata,  leviter  acuminata,  nervis 
utrinsecus  circa  7-10  patuUs,  supremis  baud  v.  hinc  inde  tantum  erectis.    Fedicelli 
interdum  ad  18  mm.  longi;    flores  pleni,  coaetanei;    petala  numerosissima,  sat 
angusta;  stamina  nulla;  carpidia  1-2,  in  folia  parva  herbacea  commutata. 

Japan:  Buerger  (in  the  Berhn  Herbarium,  mixed  wath  P.  triflora  Roxburgh 
and  Spiraea  prunifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini).  Frequently  cultivated  in  European 
gardens. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  Purdomii  Koehne,  n.  var. 
PetioU  pedicellique  velutino-puberuli.    Flores  simpUces;   styh  glaberrimi. 
Northern  China:  Weichang,  1910,  W7n.  Purdom  (No.  12). 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  trichostyla  Koehne.     See  p.  224. 

Forma  Faberi  Koehne.     See  p.  224. 

Forma  paokangensis  (Schneider)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 

Prunus  japonica,  var.  packangensis  ^  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  53 
(1905). 

Folia  utrinque  glabra.  PedieeUi  dense  puberuli;  petala  alba  v.  rosea.  Cetera 
ut  in  forma  Faberi. 

Western  Hupeh:  Paokang,  April  1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veiteh  Exped.  No. 
8952);  Changyang,  alt.  1600  m.,  April  10,  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veiteh  Exped.  No. 
27);  Nanto,  March  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veiteh  Exped.  No.  3). 

^  I  consider  myself  justified  to  change  the  incorrect  spelling  packangensis  into 
paokangensis  in  transferring  this  variety  from  P.  japonica  to  P.  glandulosa. 

'  No.  895  is  not  arboreous,  as  stated  by  Schneider,  1.  e.,  and  by  Koehne  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIX.  97  (1910)  on  account  of  an  erroneous  note  on  Wilson's 
label. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  2G5 

Forma  sinensis  (Persoon)  Kochne,  n.  f. 

Amygdalus  indica  nana  Plukenett,  Phytogr.  I.  t.  11.  f.  4  (1691,  nov.  edit.  1769). 
Prunus  sinensis  Persoon,  Syn.  II.  36  (1807). 

Cerasus  japonica  Seringe  in  De  Candolle,  Prod.  II.  539  (pro  parte)  (1825). 
Prunus  japonica  flore  pleno,  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  172  t.  90  f.  iii. 

(pro  parte)  (1826). 
Prunus  japonica,  y  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Sac.  Nat.  Mosc.  LIV.  14  (pro  parte) 
(1883). 
Folia  lanceolata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  baud  v.  parum  acuminata,  subtus  juxta 
costam  nervosque  hirtella  v.  raro  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circa  4-6  suberectis, 
supremis  saepe  verticalibus.    Pedicelli  circiter  10-15  mm.  longi  v.  raro  brevissimi, 
dense  puberuli,  interdum  pedunculo  brevi  euphylla  pauca  parva  gerente  insidentes; 
flores  coaetanei  foliis  simul  2.5-4.5  cm.  longis;   petala  numerossima,  sat  angusta, 
rosea;    stamina  nulla;    carpidia  plerumque  2,  rarius  1,  in  folia  herbacea  parva 
commutata. 

Northern  Shensi:  Thae-pei-san,  April  1895,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1137,  mixed  with 
P.  triloba  Lindley,  var.  plena   Dippel). 

Japan:  Buerger  (in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  as  P.  japonica)',  Hondo,  prov- 
ince of  Nambu,  1865,  Tschonoski  (as  P.  japonica,  y  fl.  pleno  Maximowicz). 

Frequently  cultivated  in  European  gardens.  In  the  Herbarium  Kunth  at 
Berlin  it  is  found  under  the  names  of  Amygdalus  pumila  and  (from  Paris)  as  Prunus 
sinensis. 

This  form  differs  from  the  form  with  white  double  flowers  not  only  in  the  color 
of  the  flowers,  but  also  in  the  nearly  always  present  pubescence  along  the  midrib 
beneath  and  in  the  pubescence  of  the  pedicels. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  salicifolia  (Komarov)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  salicifolia  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII.  754 
(1904). 
Rami  erecti  virgati,  70-80  cm.  aiti,  glabri;  stipulae  caducae;  lamina  anguste  v. 
lineari-elliptica,    acuminata   v.    acuta,    simpliciter    v.    duplicato-serrata.      Drupa 
pauUo  major,  apiculata,  minus  succosa.     Pedicelli  plerumque  solitarii.     (Descr. 
secund.  Komarov.) 

Shing-king:  Peninsula  Liaotung,  Litvinov.     (I  have  seen  no  specimens.) 

105.  Prunus  pogonostyla  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  LIV.  11  (1879). 
Prunus  formosana  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XV.  86  (1901);  in  Jour. 

Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo  XXII.  118  t.  11  {Enum.  PI.  Formosa)  (1906);  ex  Hayata  in 
Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo  XXX.  87  (1911). 

Prunus  pogonostyla,  var.  globosa  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Folia  brevius  latiusque  acuminata,  subtus  in  costa  tantum  parce  pilosa  v.  glabra. 
Drupa  subglobosa,  6  mm.  longa  5  mm.  diam.  (in  sicco). 

Fo-kien:  summit  of  Mt.  Nam-tai-wii  near  Amoy,  alt.  c.  600  m.,  December  1862, 
deOrijs  (No.  10130). 

Formosa:  Tamsui,  1864,  R.  Oldham  (No.  105,  mixed  with  var.  obovata). 

Prunus  pogonostyla,  var.  obovata  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Folia  longius  angustius  acuminata,  subtus  densiuscule  pilosa.     Drupa  anguste 
obovata,  9.5  mm.  longa,  5.5  mm.  diam. 

Formosa:  Tamsui,  1864,  R.  Oldham  (No.  105,  mixed  with  var.  globosa). 

106.  Prunus  japonica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  201  (1784).  —  Siebold  &  Zuccarini, 
Fl.  Jap.  I.  172.  t.  90  fig.  i.  ii.  (excludcnda  fig.  iii.)  (1862).  —  Koelme  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  179,  fig.  1  (1909). 


266  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Prunus  japonica,   a  japonica   Maximowicz   in   Bull.  Soc.   Nat.  Mosc.  LIV. 

12  (1879),  sed  exemplaria  ab  auctore  ipso  determinata  pro  parte  ad  P.  glandu- 

losam  pertinent. 
Prunus  japonica  typica  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XIV.  135  (1900),  an 

hue  pertinet? 

CONSPECTUS  FORMARUM 

Floras  simplices.     Ovarium  1. 

Folia  brevius  latiusque  acuminata,  dentes  primariae  breviores  obtusiores,  baud 
exacte  triangulares.     Rami  minus  graciles,  erecti,  virgati.     var.  eujaponica. 

Folia  adulta  subtus  glabra f .  Fauriei. 

Folia  adulta  subtus  in  costa  ac  plerumque  etiam  in  nervis  hirtella.  f.  Oldhamii. 
Folia  longius  angustiusque  caudata,  dentes  primariae  longiores,  acutiores,  exacte 
triangulares.    Rami  expansi,  ramuli  gracillimi,  subdeflexi.      var.  gracillima. 
Floras  pallide  rosei  v.  carneo-afflati  v.  albi. 

Folia  adulta  subtus  glabra.     Floras  pallide  rosei f.  Thunbergii. 

Folia  adulta  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  breviter  hirtella. 

Petala  majora,  carneo-afflata f.  Engleri. 

Petala  minora,  alba      f.  minor. 

Flores  intense  rosei.    (Foliormn  indumentum  mihi  ignotum)     .    .     f .  sphaerica. 
Floras  semipleni,  petalis  staminibusque  numerosis.    Ovaria  semper  fere  2. 

var.  Kerii. 

Prunus  japonica,  var.  eujaponica  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Rami  ramulique  erecti  virgati,  sat  graciles.     Folia  e  basi  rotundata  v.  vix  sub- 
cordata  ovata,  aciuninata  acumine  sat  brevi  latoqua,  obtuso,  dentes  primariae 
breviusculaa,  obtusaa,  baud  exacte  triangulares.    Floras  simplices.    Ovarium  1. 
Forma  Fauriei  Koehne,  n.  f. 
Folia  adulta  subtus  glabra.    Pedicelli  fructifari  l-3ni,  4-10  mm.  longi.  Putamen 
6.6:4.8:4.3  mm.,  carina  3  mm.  lata. 

Japan:    Buerger  (in  the  Rijks-Herbarium,  Leyden,  as  P.  japonica);   U.  Faurie 
(No.  3158). 

Forma  Oldhamii  Koehne,  n.  f. 
FoUa  adulta  subtus  in  costa  ac  planmaque  etiam  in  nervis  breviter  hirtella.    Pedi- 
celli floriferi  ac  fructiferi  7-10  mm.  longi.     Stylus  basi  villosus.     Putamen  7.5:- 
5.5:5  mm.  v.  8:5.5:5.5  mm.,  carina  2-3  mm.  lata. 

Hupah:  A.  Henry  (No.  3598  A).     Japan:    J.  J.  Rein;    Nagasaki,   1862,  R. 
Oldham  (No.  200). 

Prunus  japonica,  var.  gracillima  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Rami  expansi,  ramuli  gracillimi,  subdeflexi.    Folia  e  basi  cordata  v.  rarius  rotun- 
data ovata,  longe  angusteque  caudata  cauda  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula,  dentes  primariae 
longiores,  acutiores,  fere  exacte  triangulares.    Flores  simplices.    Ovariiun  1. 

It  is  probable  that  this  variety  will  prove  to  be  a  distinct  species. 

Forma  Thunbergii  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  Thunbergii  Koehne  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VIII.  23 
(1910). 
FoUa  adulta  subtus  glabra.    PedicelU  4  mm.  longi;   petala  5  nam.  longa,  rosea; 
^stamina  ad  3.5  mm.  longa;  stylus  basi  parce  pilosus. 

Cultivated  in  the  Spath  Arboretum  near  Berlin,  received  from  St.  Petersburg. 

Forma  Engleri  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  Engleri  Koehne,  I.  c. 
Folia  adulta  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  breviter  hirtella.    Pedicelli  plerumque 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  267 

7-13  mm.,  fructiferi  ad  18  mm.  longi;  petala  8-10  mm.  longa,  carneo-afflata; 
stamina  6-8  mm.  longa;  stylus  glaber  v.  basi  densiuscule  tenere  villoaus.  Drupa 
11:9  mm.,  apiculata,  rarissime  17:16  mm.,  obtusissima;  putamen  8.5-10:5.3-7: 
6.8-7  mm.,  carina  3.6-4.5  mm.  lata. 

Mandshuria:  on  the  upper  Ussuri,  1860,  C.  J.  Maxiinowicz  (Iter  II.,  as  P 
japonica  ^  glandulosa,  in  the  Herb.  Bot.  Mus.  Berlin  mixed  with  P.  glandulosa) ;  at 
the  frontiers  of  China  towards  Ninguta,  Goldenslaedt  (as  P.  japonica,  /3  glandulosa 
Maximowicz) ;  purchased  at  R.  R.  station  near  Harbin,  August  1903,  C.  S.  Sargent 
(mixed  with  P.  humilis  Bunge). 
Cultivated  in  Europe. 

Forma  minor  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Folia  subtus  in  costa  nervisque  breviter  hirtella.  Pedicelli  4  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
cupula  nonnisi  2  mm.  longa,  sepala  2.2  mm.,  petala  ad  7.5  mm.  longa,  alba;  stamina 
ad  4.5  mm.  longa.    Stylus  glaber. 

Cultivated  in  the  Spath  Arboretum  near  Berlin. 

Forma  sphaerica  (Carrit^re)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  sphaerica  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1890,  468,  fig.  163,  tab. 
Flores  intense  rosei.    Drupa  globosa,  circa  12  mm.  diam.,  colore  vini  rubri. 
I  have  not  seen  this  form. 

Prunus  japonica,  var.  Kerii  (Steudel)  Koehne,  n.  var. 
Prunus  japonica  Ker-Gawler  in  Bot.  Reg.  I.  t.  27  (1815).  —  Decaisne  in  Rev. 

Hort.  1852,  301,  t. 
Amygdalus  pumila  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.'XLVII.  t.  2176  (1820). 
Prunus  Kerii  Steudel,  Nomencl.  Bot.  ed.  2,  403  (1841),  qui  citat  "Cerasu^" 

japonica  Ker-Gawler. 
Prunus  japonica  typica  flore  pleno,  Zabel  in  Beissner,  Schelle  &  Zabel,  Handb, 
Laubholz-Ben.  238  (1903),  an  hue  pertinet? 
Folia  subtus  glabra.    Pedicelli  3  mm.  longi  (an  semper?);   petala  numerosa,  ex 
iconibus  intus  alba,  extus  paUide  purpurea.     Ovaria  semper  fere  2,  stylus  basi 
parce  pilosus.    Drupa  secundum  Ker-Gawler  parva,  putamine  rugoso. 

Chekiang:  Ningpo  Mountains,  1891,  Faber  (mixed  with  P.  Persica,  and  dis- 
tributed as  P.  hirtipes). 
Cultivated  in  England. 

?Prunus  praecox  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1892,  488,  fig.  142,  143. 
Originated  from  repeated  sowings  of  P.  japonica,  var.  sphaerica  and  supposed 
to  be  P.  japonica  X  domestica.    1  have  not  seen  it. 

107.  PrxmUs  Nakaii  L6veill6  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VII.  198  (1909). 
Korea:   mountains  of  Ouensan,  July  1906,  U.  Faurie  (No.  334);   tiills  of  Chin- 

nampo,  June  1907,  U.  Faurie  (No.  77). 

Prunus  Nakaii  differs  from  P.  japonica  gracillima  Engleri  in  the  much  longer  and 
more  numerous  hairs  which  cover  the  leaves  beneath  on  the  midrib  and  on  the 
veins  and  less  densely  on  the  whole  surface.  As  the  flowers  are  not  yet  known, 
it  seems  better  to  retain  P.  Nakaii  as  a  distinct  species.  The  fruits  had  been 
described  as  hairy  but  the  hairs  turned  out  to  be  particles  of  cotton  sticking  to  the 
fruits. 

108.  Prunus  carcharias  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Innovationes  tenues,  rectae,  densissime  ochraceo-liirsutae.  Stipulae  ad  12 
mm.   longae,   ternatim  digitatae,  laciniis  angustissime    Unearibus  ac  pectinate- 


268  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

pinnatifidis,  longissime  glanduloso-fimbriatae,  persistentes;  petioli  6-8  mm.  longi, 
densissime  ochraceo-hirsuti;  glandulae  interdum  2  petioli  apici  v.  laminae  basi 
insertae;  lamina  e  basi  subcordata  v.  raro  rotundata  ovata  v.  ovato-lanceolata, 
7-8  cm.  longa,  3-4  cm.  lata,  longe  caudata,  cauda  sursum  angustissima,  argute 
inciso-duplicato-  v.  triplici-serrata,  dentibus  primariis  majusculis,  fere  exacts  tri- 
angularibus,  denticulas  ad  10  gerentibus,  glandula  parva  depresso-capitata  ter- 
minatis,  supra  laxe  accumbenti-pilosa,  subtus  initio  dense  accumbenti-hirsuta, 
postea  in  nervis  dense,  inter  nervos  laxius  ochraceo-hirsuta,  nervia  utrinsecus 
10-11,  subtus  pallidior.    Flores  fructusque  ignoti. 

Szech'uan:   Nan-ch'uan,  summer  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn. 

This  species  resembles  very  much  P.  Nakaii  L^veille  and  P.  japonica  gracillima 
Koehne  in  the  shape  and  serration  of  the  leaves,  but  is  readily  distinguished  by  the 
dense  hirsute  pubescence  of  the  branchlets,  petioles  and  leaves,  and  by  the  deeply 
divided  stipules. 

Sect.  2.  AMYGDALOCERASUS  Koehne,  n.  sect. 

Cerasus  sect.  Microcerasus  Spach,   sensu  proprio   (cf.  p.  262  sub  Grex  II. 

Microcerasus). 
Microcerasus,  Webb  Phytogr.  Canar.  II.  19  (1836-50),  sensu  proprio.  —  Schnei- 
der III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  601  (1906). 
Prunus  subgen.  Microcerasus  Focke  in  Engler  &  Prantl,  Natilrl.  Pflanzenfam. 

Ill,  3,  54  (1888),  adjicienda  P.  tomentosa  subgeneris  Cerasi. 
Prunus  sect.  Trichocerasus  et  subgen.  Microcerasus  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  302, 
306  (1893). 
109.   Prunus  tomentosa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  203  (1784).  —  Siebold  &  Zuccarini, 
Fl.  Jap.  I.  51,  t.  22  (1826).  — E.  Meyer  in  Gartenfl.  XXV.  2,  t.  853  (1876).— 
Jack  m  Garden  and  Forest,  V.  580,  fig.  99.  (1892). 

Japan,  western  and  northern  China.  —  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  TFm.  Pur- 
dom  (No.  3).  Without  flowers  it  is  impossible  to  refer  the  specimen  to  any  of  the 
varieties. 

CONSPECTUS  VARIETATUM. 

Sepala  cupula  subbreviora  ad  sublongiora;  ovarium  inde  a  medio  pilosum.    Flores 
coaetanei;   petala  alba. 
Cupula  2.5-3.5  mm.  longa,  ima  basi  excepta  glabra;  sepala  3.5  mm.  longa,  extus 
pilosa,  patentia  v.  subreflexa;   pediceUi  2-3  mm.  longi,  petala  8  mm. 

Cupula  brevis  ac  lata,  sursum  dilatata,  sepala  cupula  sublongiora;   flores  sat 

remoti;   petala  4-5  mm.  lata Var.  Spaethiana. 

Cupula  breviter  tubulosa,  siirsum  baud  dilatata,  sepala  cupulae  subaequi- 

longa;  flores  saepe  conferti;  petala  8  mm.  lata Var.  Graebneriana. 

Cupula  4.5-4.75  mm.  longa,  tubulosa  v.  sursum  subdilatata,  glabra  v.  subglabra; 
sepala  cupula  subbreviora,  erecta  v.  patentia,  extus  pilosa;  pedicelli  2  mm., 
fructiferi  ad  4  mm.  longi;  petala  10-10.5  mm.  longa,  5-6  mm.  lata. 

Var.  insularis. 
Sepala  cupulam  dimidiam  aequantia  v.  vix  breviora;   quando  longiora  sunt,  ova- 
rium fere  a  basi  pilosum,  pihs  infimis  plerumque  subretrorsis. 
Flores  5-meri,  praecoces  v.  coaetanei;    cupula  glabra  v.  rarius  pilosa;    sepala 
extus  pilosa  v.  rarissime  glabra;  petala  alba  (an  semper?) 
Ovarium  basi  glabrum. 
Sepala  (2.5  mm.)  cupulaque  (4.75  mm.)  extus  glaberrima;  flores  subsessiles 
praecoces.    Rami  annotini  plus  minus  glabri Var.  Souliei. 


EOSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  269 

Sepala  extus  pilosa.     Rami  tomcntosi. 

Cupula  (5  mm.)  extus  glabra  v.  subglabra,  tubulosa  v.  leviter  obconica, 
sepala  2  mm.  longa;    petala  6-7.5  mm.  longa,  4-6.5  mm.  lata;    florcs 

coaetanei Var.  Katihkarovii. 

Cupula  (5.5  mm.)  extus  sat  dense  pubescens,  obconico-tubulosa,  sepala 
3  mm.  longa;   petala  7.5  longa,  4.5  mm.  lata;   flores  subpraococos. 

Var.  Irichocarpa. 
Ovarium  inde  a  basi  pilosum,  pilis  infimis  plus  minus  retrorsia;   sepala  extus 
plus  minus  pilosa. 
Cupula  3  mm.  longa,  breviter  campanulata,  glabra,  sepala  2  mm.;    flores 

coaetanei Var.  breviflora. 

Cupula  4.5-5  mm.  longa,  tubulosa  v.  tubuloso-obconica,  sepala  2-3  mm. 
Cupula  glabra  v.  subglabra;  pedicelli  0-2.5  mm.  longi;  petala  8.5-9  mm. 

longa Var.  endotricha. 

Cupula  extus  sat  dense  puberulenta;  pedicelli  brevissLmi. 

Var.  tsuluensis. 
Flores  5-8-meri,  solitarii,  praecoces;    cupula  5  mm.  longa,  obconica,  ut  sepala 
(2.5  mm.)  glabra;  petala  rubra;  ovarium  circiter  medio  pilosum. 

Var.  heteromcra. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Spaethiana  Koehne,  n.  var.    See  above. 
Cultivated  in  European  gardens.    Specimens  from  Cashmere,  temperate  region, 
alt.  1600-2000  m.,  T.  Thomson,  in  Herb.  Ind.  Or.,  Hooker  f.  &  Thompson,  sterile 
branches,  in  foliage  exactly  Uke  the  cultivated  specimens. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Graebneriana  Koehne,  n.  var.     See  above. 
Cultivated  near  the  Botanic  Garden,  Berlin-Dahlem. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  insularis  Koehne,  n.  var.  See  above. 
Japan:  Yokohama,  1862,  C.  J.  Maximowicz;  Matsuge,  June  30,  1899,  U. 
Faurie  (No.  3156);  in  Tottori,  May  22,  1899,  U.  Faurie  (No.  3157).  Korea:  cul- 
tivated m  the  gardens  Tjouscheng,  June  8,  1908,  Taquet  (No.  790);  in  the  gardens 
of  Ouensan,  June  1906,  U.  Faurie  (No.  335);  Quelpaert,  in  the  mission  garden, 
AprU  1909,  Taquet  (No.  2526). 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Souliei  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  annotini  apice  parce  pilosi,  basi  glabri,  cortice  hinc  inde  rimoso.  ^  Flores 
subpraecoces  fohis  simul  vix  e  gemma  exsertis.  Pedicelli  vix  1  mm.  longi,  glabri 
V.  subglabri;  cupula  4.75  mm.  longa,  tubulosa,  extus  ima  basi  pubescens  ceterum 
gabra,  intus  basi  excepta  pilosa;  sepala  2.5  mm.  longa,  ovata,  minutim  glanduloso- 
serrulata,  utrinque  glabra,  subreflexa;  petala  ignota;  ovarium  inde  a  medio  pilo- 
sum. 

Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  J.  A.  SouliL 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Kashkarovii  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  annotini  tomentosi,  vetustiores  plus  minus  glabrati,  cortice  plus  minua 
rimoso.  Flores  coaetanei  foliis  simul  circa  1.5  cm.  longis;  pedicelli  1-2.5  mm.  longi, 
pubescentcs;  cupula  5  mm.  longa,  tubulosa  v.  sursum  vix  dilatata,  glabra  v.  sub- 
glabra, intus  ima  basi  excepta  dense  pubescens;  sepala  2  mm.  longa,  plus  minua 
horizontalia,  minutim  glanduloso-serrulata,  extus  subpilosa;  petala  6-7.5  mm. 
longa,  5-6.5  mm.  lata;  stamina  16-21,  ad  5  mm.  longa;  ovarium  inde  a  medio 
pilosum. 

Tibet:  on  the  road  from  Tachien-lu  to  Batang,  between  Olun-sha  and  Nakh- 
chukha  (or  Hok'ou),  May  18,  1893,  V.  A.  Kashkarov.  Western  Ilupeh:  AprU 
1901,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1864). 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  endotricha  Koehne.    See  p.  225. 


270  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  breviflora  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  etiam  triennes  tomentosi,  cortice  demiun  plus  minus  rimoso.  Flores  coae- 
tanei,  foliis  paullo  post  anthesin  1.5-2.5  cm.  longis;  pedicelli  2  mm.  longi,  tomentosi 
cupula  3  mm.  longa,  breviter  campanulata,  extus  glabra,  intus  basi  excepta  pilosa 
eepala  2  mm.  longa,  extus  pilosa;  petala  ignota;  stamina  22,  ad  5  mm.  longa 
ovarium  inde  a  basi  pilosum,  pilis  infimis  retrorsum  versis. 

Northern  Shensi:  Quantou-shan,  May  5,  1898,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5295,  mixed 
with  Lindera  spec). 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  trichocarpa  (Bunge)  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Prunus  trichocarpa  Bunge  in  Mem.  £tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  II.  96 
(Enum.  PI.  Chin.  Bor.)  (1833). 

Rami  etiam  triennes  tomentosi.  Flores  subpraecoces,  foliis  simul  vix  e  gemma 
exsertis;  pedicelli  1  mm.  longi,  pubescentes;  cupula  5.5  mm.  longa,  tubulosa, 
dense  pubescens,  intus  basi  excepta  dense  pilosa;  sepala  ad  3  mm.  longa,  extua 
pilosa;  petala  7.5  mm.  longa,  4.5  mm.  lata;  stamina  23,  ad  4  mm.  longa;  ovarium 
inde  a  triente  circiter  inferiore  pilosum. 

Northern  China:  A.  Bunge. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  tsuluensis  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  etiam  triennes  tomentosi.  Cupula  5  mm.  longa,  crasse  tubulosa,  extus 
dense  puberulenta;  sepala  2.5  mm.  longa,  extus  pilosa;  pedicelli  brevissimi;  petala 
ignota;  stamina  19,  ad  5.5  mm.  longa.    Fructus  juvenilis  inde  a  basi  pilosus. 

Northern  Shensi:  Tsulu,  May  4,  1897,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5295). 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  heteromera  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Rami  annotini  superne  laxiuscule  tomentosi  v.  basi  puberulenti,  triennes  cor- 
tice rimoso.  Flores  praecoces  foliis  simul  parum  e  gemma  exsertis,  5-8-meri; 
pedicelli  1  mm.  longi,  puberuli;  cupula  obconica,  subangusta  v.  sursum  manifeste 
dilatata,  4-5  mm.  longa,  glabra,  intus  inde  a  medio  laxe  pilosa;  sepala  ovata,  2.5 
mm.  longa,  argute  glanduloso-serrulata;  petala  6.5  mm.  longa  5.  mm.  lata;  stamina 
(in  flore  8-mero)  27,  ad  4.3  mm.  longa;  ovarium  inde  a  medio  pilosum. 

Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu,  April  23,  1893,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

110.   Prunus  Batalinii  (Schneider)  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  ?  Batalinii  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  52 
(1905). 

Rami  ab  initio  glaberrimi  v.  vix  pulverulenti,  annotini  cortice  argenteo  tenui 
secedente  intense  castanei  nitidi,  lenticeUis  magnis  irregulariter  sparsis.  Stipulae 
petiolo  multo  longiores,  angustissime  lineares,  interdum  basi  pectinato-pinnatae, 
glanduloso-fimbriata;  petioli  brevissimi,  dense  tomentosi;  lamina  rhombeo- 
obovata,  sub  anthesi  ad  1.7  cm.  longa,  1  cm.  lata,  acuta  v.  obtusa,  serrata,  supra 
dense  sericeo-villosa,  subtus  densissime  villoso-tomentosa;  involucra  2  mm.  longa, 
1-flora;  flores  coaetanei;  pedicelli  4-5.5  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  5  mm.  longa, 
crasse  campanulata,  extus  ima  basi  puberulenta  ceterum  glabra,  intus  basi  excepta 
pilosiuscula;  sepala  late  ovata,  2.5  mm.  longa,  dense  breviter  glanduloso-fimbri- 
olata,  extus  glabra  v.  subglabra;  petala  obovato-rotundata,  9.5  mm.  longa,  7  mm. 
lata;  stamina  20,  ad  6  mm.  longa;  ovariima  circiter  inde  a  medio  pilosum. 

Szech'uan;  near  Tachien-lu,  April  23,  1893,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

This  species  seems  to  differ  sufficiently  from  P.  tomentosa  Thunberg  in  its  gla- 
brous branchlets. 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  27 1 

111.  Prunus  cinerascens  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  8(5r.  2,  VIII.  216 
(PI.  David.  II.  34)  (1S85). 

Western  Szech'uan;    Mupin,  April  1869,  A.  David. 

Batalin  (in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  323)  says  that  probably  Prunus  cinerascens 
cannot  be  separated  from  P.  tomentosa  Thunberg.  At  present  I  prefer  not  to  unite 
these  two  species,  because  the  pedicels  of  P.  cinerascens  are  longer  than  in  any 
other  of  the  numerous  forms  of  P.  tomentosa  (in  P.  Batalinii  Koehne  they  attain 
4.5-6.5  mm.  in  length)  and  because  the  ovary  with  the  exception  of  the  very  apex 
is  quite  glabrous,  which  is  not  the  case  in  the  two  other  species. 

112.  Prunus  Jacquemontii  (Edgeworth)  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  314  (1878). 
Afghanistan,  Northwestern  Himalaya,  Tibet. 

113.1  Prunus  incana  (Pallas)  Steven  in  Mem.  Sac.  Nat.  Mosc.  III.  263  (1812). 

Armenia,  Georgia,  Himalaya? 

Cf.  Cerasus  hlppophaeoides  Bornmuller  in  Oester.  Bot.  Zeit.  XLIX.  15  (1899). 

Cappadocia. 

114.  Prunus  Griffithii  (Boissier)  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubhohk.  I.  606  (1906). 
Afghanistan. 

115.  Prunus  prostrata  Labillardicre,  Icon.  PI.  Syr.  I.  15.  t.  6  (1791). 
Southern  Europe,  Crete,  Algier,  Western  Asia  to  Persia  and  Syria. 

Cf.  Prunus  bifrons  Fritsch,  Sitz.  Akad.  Wien,  CI.  pt.  I.  636,  t.  3,  fig.  1.  (1892). 
Himalaya? 

116.  Prunus  brachypetala  (Boissier)  Walpers,  Ann.  I.  272  (1848-49). 
Southern  Persia. 

117.  Prunus  microcarpa  C.  A.  Meyer,  Verz.  Pfl.  Caucas.  Casp.  166  (1831). — 
Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVII.  t.  8360  (1911). 

Caucasia,  northern  Persia. 

Cf.  Cerasus  tortuosa  Boissier  &  Haussknecht  in  Boissier,  Fl.  Or,  II.  647  (1872). 

Antilibanon,  Cappadocia,  Kurdistan. 

118.  Prunus  verrucosa  Franchet  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  s6r.  6,  XVI.  280  (1883). 
Tm-kestan. 

Cf.  Prunus  calycosus  Aitchison  &  Hemsley  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  III.  61,  t.  8 
(1888). 
Afghanistan,  Badghis  district. 

119.  Pnmus  diffusa  (Boissier  &  Haussknecht)  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laub- 
holzk.  I.  606  (1906). 

Southwestern  Persia. 

1  This  and  the  following  species  I  have  not  yet  studied,  and  I  therefore  follow 
Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  I.  601-606  (1906). 

Subgen.    AMYGDALUS. 

Pnmus  dehiscens  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  densissimus  2-4-metralis,  spinosissimus,  fructibus  exceptis 
glaberrimus;  rami  hornotini  fuscescentes,  vetustiores  cinerei,  deinum 
fusci,  rigidi;  ramuli  patentes,  in  spinas  3.5-6  cm.  longas  commutati; 
gemmae  2  mm.  longac.  Folia  plcraque  fasciculata;  stipulae  ignotae; 
petioli  2-8  mm.  longi,  tenues,  eglandulosi;    lamina  e  basi  acuta  v. 


272  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

cuneata  inverse  oblonga  v.  oblanceolata,  1-3  cm.  longa,  0.5-0.8  cm. 
lata,  acuta  v.  obtusa,  breviter  mucronata,  crenulata  dentibus  glandula 
minima  mucroniformi  coronatis,  supra  saturate  viridis,  nervis  omnino 
inconspicuis,  subtus  pallida  nervis  utrinsecus  5-8  reticuloque  teneris, 
viridibus,  supra  baud  stomatophora.  Cupula  ^  circiter  2.5  mm.  longa, 
glaberrima;  sepala  3  mm.  longa,  paullo  angustiora,  obtusissima,  ir- 
regulariter  glanduloso-denticulata,  glaberrima;  stamina  versus  25 
videntur,  uniseriata,  majora  ad  7  mm.  longa.  Drupa  subsessilis, 
rotundata  subcompressa,  ad  19:18:13  mm.,  viridis,  dense  velutina  ac 
laxiuscule  hirta,  carne  tenui  facillime  solubili,  teste  cl.  Wilson  dehiscens; 
putamen  rotundatum,  breviter  apiculatum,  subcompressum,  ad  17:16: 
12  mm.,  durum,  utroque  margine  carinatum,  sulcis  basi  longitudinalibus, 
juxta  carinas  obliquis,  superne  transversalibus  curvatis,  facie  parum 
anastomosantibus  rugosum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Sungpan  Ting,  alt.  2000-2900  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4028). 

Prunus  dehiscens  is  apparently  very  similar  to  P.  mongolica  Maximowicz,  but 
the  latter  differs  according  to  the  description  of  that  species  in  its  leaves,  1.1  cm.  long 
and  0.9  cm.  broad,  with  four  pairs  of  veins,  in  the  scarcely  compressed  and  sparingly 
tomentose  fruit,  only  13  mm.  long  and  10  mm.  broad,  and  the  scarcely  compressed 
stone  with  firmly  adhering  flesh;  of  the  dehiscence  of  the  fruit  Maximowicz  says 
nothing,  nor  does  he  describe  the  surface  of  the  stone. 

Prunus  mira  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-metralis,  trunco  0.4  m.  diam.;  rami  glaberrimi,  hornotini 
virides,  vetustiores  ochraceo-f uscescentes ;  gemmae  sub  fructificationis 
tempore  minimae.  Stipulae  ignotae;  petioli  8-15  mm.  longi,  versus 
apicem  2-4-glandulosi,  glandulis  ovalibus  discif ormibus ;  lamina  e 
basi  plerumque  rotundata  lanceolata,  5-10.5  cm.  longa,  1.4-2.8  cm. 
lata,  longe  sensim  acuminata,  subremote  crenulato-serrulata,  acumine 
superne  integro,  dentibus  glandula  parva  mucroniformi  adusta  decidua 
coronatis,  supra  glabra,  subtus  basi  secus  costae  utrumque  latus  villosa 
ceterum  glabra,  supra  laete  viridis,  subtus  pallidior,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  12-16,  reticulo  subtus  leviter  prominulo.  Pedicelli  fructiferi 
solitarii  v.  gemini,  3-5  mm.  longi,  crassiusculi,  glabri.  Drupa  ex  sicco 
subglobosa,  28  mm,  longa,  25  mm.  diam.,  densissime  tomentosa, 
edulis;  putamen  ovatum,  sat  compressum,  19:13:9  mm.,  dorso 
carinatum,  ventre  sulco  angusto  percursum,  basi  sulculis  obsoletissimis 
munitum,  ceterum  laevissimum. 

*  I  have  seen  only  two  calyxes  already  separated,  but  still  adhering  to  the  base 
of  the  fruit. 


KOSACEAE .  —  PRUNUS  273 

Western  Szech'uan:  two  miles  north  of  Tachicn-lu,  very  rare, 
alt.  2800  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4205). 

This  is  the  first  Peach  known  with  a  smooth  stone.  I  have  a  foUiferous  branch 
of  an  "  Armjgdalus  lancifolia  Carr."  collected  in  Spilth's  Arboretum  near  Berlin, 
October  3,  1887,  the  leaves  of  which  agree  exactly  with  those  of  P.  mira.  I  have 
not  been  able  to  trace  the  name  Amygdalus  lancifolia  in  literature.  There  exists 
only  a  Prunus  lancifolia  Clavaud  wliich  is  referred  to  P.  maritima  Wangenheim  in 
the  Index  Kewensis. 

Prunus  Persica  (Linnaeus)  Stokes,  Bot.  Mat.  Med.  III.  100  (1812). 

Amygdalus  Persica  Linnaeus,  Spec.  472  (1753). 
Persica  vulgaris  Miller,  Gard.  Diet.  ed.  8  (1768). 

Prunus  Persica,  /3  vulgaris  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  82;  in  Ma.  Biol.,Xl.  668  (1883). 

Wilson  collected  two  specimens  differing  but  little  in  the  pubescence  of  the 
sepals. 

1.  Sepala  extrinsecus  media  parte  glabra,  secus  margines  tantum  albo-villosa 
V.  nonnisi  margine  ipso  villoso-ciliata,  quare  P.  Davidianae  Franchet  sepalis  magis 
simiha. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  naturalized,  roadsides,  etc.,  alt. 
300-1600  m..  May  and  September  1907  (No.  125*). 

2.  Sepala  extrinsecus  undique  villosa. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  naturalized,  on  cliffs  etc.,  alt.  600-1600 
m.,  March  and  August  1907  (No.  X2S^)]  Fang  Hsien,  roadsides  etc.,  abundant, 
alt.  1300-2500  m.,  May  and  November  1907  (No.  611). 

CONSPECTUS  ANALYTICUS  SPECIERUM  CHINENSIUM 
SUBGEN.   AMYGDALI. 

Folia  profunde  serrata  v.  duplicato-serrata.  Sepala  plus  minus  reflexa;  ovarium 
hirto-tomentosum. 
Flores  5-10-meri,  simplices  v.  pleni;  cupula  intus  infra  stamina  pilis  annulum 
angustum  sistentibus  munita,  sepala  extus  pilosa  v.  glabra.  Folia  pleraque 
supra  medium  latiora,  saepe  plus  minus  triloba,  hand  v.  brevissime,  rarius 
longius  acuminata,  subtus  initio  tomentoso-cana,  dein  plus  minus  glabrata, 
dentes  plerumque  breviores  et  minus  acutae  quam  in  sequente  .  .  P.  triloba. 
Flores  circiter  10-meri  sepalis  petaUsque  10;  cupula  intus  glaberrima,  sepala 
extus  glabra.  Folia  medio  v.  infra  medium  latiora,  nunquam  triloba,  sensim 
angustata  v.  acuminata,  initio  glaberrima  v.  subtus  in  nervis  parce  sericea, 
innovationum  suprema  interdum  subtus  densiuscule  pilosa,  dentes  brev-issime 

argutissime  acuminatae P.  Petzoldii, 

FoUa  breviter  serrata  vel  crenata.     Sepala  erecto-patula;  ovarium  tomentosum 
(exc.  in  P.  Persica,  var.  nudpersica). 
Folia  parva,  ad  summum  4  cm.  longa.    Drupae  parvae,  ad  13  mm.  longae. 
Inermes.     FoUa  serrata.    Cupula  intus  secus  staminum  insertionem  liirtella. 
Hamuli  hornotini  puberuli.     Folia  utrinque  puberula  mox  glabra,  spathu- 
lata,  V.  obovata  ad  hneari-lauceolata.    Pcdiccllus  fructifer  drupa  (10-13 
mm.  longa)  dimidia  brevior  v.  sublongior.  Putamen  laeve.  P.  pcdunculala. 
Ramuli  hornotini  cinereo-pilosi.     P'olia  utrinque  cinereo-pilosa,   obovata. 
Pedicellus  fructifer  brevissimus,  drupa  (immatura)  pisiformis.    P.  pilosa. 


274  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Spinosae.     Folia  crenulata,  glaberrima,  nervis  supra  inconspicuia. 
Flores  sessiles  v.  subsessiles. 

Folia  11:9  mm.,  rotundato-elliptica,  nervis  utrrnsecus  circiter  4.  Drupa 
13:10  mm.,  vix  compressa,  parce  tomentella,  verisimiliter  indehiscens; 

putamen  cum  epicarpio  arctissime  connatima P.  mongolica. 

Folia  10-30:5-8  mm.,  cuneato-oblonga  v.  -lanceolata,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  5-8.  Drupa  ad  19:18:13  mm.,  subcompressa,  dense  velutina 
ac  laxius  hirta,  dehiscens,  carne  tenui;  putamen  facillime  solubile,  rugosum. 

P.  dehiscens. 
Folia  majora,  (5-)6-15  cm.  longa. 

Putamen   laeve   ovatum;    drupa   epicarpio   carnoso,  densissime   tomentosa. 
Folia  lanceolata,  subtus  basi  secus  costae  latera  villosa  ....   P.  mira. 
Putamen  baud  laeve.    Drupa  tomentosa,  nonnisi  in  P.  Persica  var.  nuciper- 
sica  glabra. 
Putamen  profunde  irregulariter  sulcatum  et  foraminulatum. 

Sepala  glaberrima.    Petioli  10-22  mm.  longi,  dimidia  laminae  latitudine 

longiores,  raro  glanduliferi P.  Davidiana. 

Sepala  extus  v.  saltem  margine  lanato-villosa.     Petioli  5-10  mm.  longi, 
dimidia  laminae  latitudine  breviores  (nonnisi  in  var.  densa  8-22  mm. 

longi),   saepe  glanduliferi P.  Persica. 

Putamen  sulcis  irregularibus  obsitum,  sed  absque  foraminibus  punctiformi- 
bus.  Folia  lanceolata,  subtus  saepe  basi  ad  costam  barbata,  5  cm.  longa, 
1.5  cm.  lata P.  tangutica. 

ENUMERATIO  SPECIERUM  CHINENSIUM  SUBGEN. 
AMYGDALI. 

1.  Prunus  triloba  Lindley  in  Gard.  Chron.  1857,  268.  —  Lemaire  in  III.  Hort. 
VIII.  t.  308  (1861).  —  Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXII.  t.  8061  (1906).  —  Koehne  in 
Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIX.  100  (1910). 

Amygdalopsis  Lindleyi  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1862,  91,  fig.  10,  t.;  1870,  388, 

fig.  56  (fructus).  —  Van  Houtte  in  Fl.  des  Serres,  XV.  t.  1532  (1862-65). 
Prunus  ulmifolia  Franchet  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  6,  XVI.  281  (1883). 
Prunopsis  Lindleyi  Andre  in  Rev.  Hort.  1883,  367,  fig.  65  (fructus). 
Chili,  Shantung. 

Prunus  triloba,  var.  truncata  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII.  539  (1904). 
Northern  Korea. 

Prunus  triloba,  var.  plena  Dippel,  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  III.  608  (1893). 
I  have  seen  a  Chinese  specimen  from  northern  Shensi:  Thae-pei-san,  April 
1895,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1137),  mixed  with  a  variety  of  P.  glandulosa,  Thunberg. 

2.  Prunus  Petzoldii  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  92  (1869).  —Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  Ges.  XIX.  100  (1910). 

Cultivated  in  the  gardens  at  Peking  (Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg,  XXIX.  80;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  665  (1883).    I  have  seen  no  Chinese  specimens. 

Prunus  baldschuanica  Kegel  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  314  (1890);  in  Gartenfl. 
XXXIX.  613  (1890)  is  not  identical  with  P.  Petzoldii  nor  with  P.  ulmifolia 
Franchet;  see  also  Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIX.  98  (1910). 

3.  Prunus  pedxmculata  (Pallas)  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
XXIX.  78;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  663  (1883). 

Amygdalus  pedunculata  Pallas  in  Nov.  Act.  Petrop.  VII.  355,  t.  8,  9  (1798). 
Baikal  region,  northeastern  MongoUa,  southern  Altai. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  275 

4.  Prunus  pilosa  (Turczaninow)  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sei.  St.  Peter sbourg, 
XXIX.  79;  in  Mil.  Biol.  XI.  664  (1883). 

Amygdalus  pilosa  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  V.  189  (1832). 

Northeastern  Mongolia. 

Very  similar  to  Prunus  pedunculata  and  probably  not  diflerent,  or  a  variety. 

5.  Prunus  mongolica  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  XLV.  16  (1879). 

in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  78;  in  Md.  Biol.  XI.  663  (1883). 
Southern  Mongoha. 

6.  Prunus  dehiscens  Koehne.    See  p.  271. 

7.  Pnmus  mira  Koehne.    See  p.  272. 

8.  Prunus  Davidiana  (Carriere)  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  V. 
255  {PI.  David.  I.  103).   (1883). 

Persica  Davidiana  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1872,  74,  fig.  10  (fructus). 
Prunus  Persica,  a  Davidiana  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  81;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  667  (1883). 
S  hen  si;  Yenan-fu,  May  1910,  Wm.  Purdom  (No.  347).   I  have  also  seen  speci- 
mens from  Kwei-chou  collected  by  J.  Cavalerie  (Nos.  2212,  2225),  E.  Bodinier 
and  L.  Martin  (No.  2071),  and  from  Yunnan,  Yimnan-sen,  E.  Bodinier  (No.  54D). 
According  to  Maximowicz  the  species  occurs  on  the  moimtains  near  Peking  and  on 
those  of  Shensi  and  Kansu. 

Prunus  Davidiana  alba  (Carriere),  Bean  in  Garden,  L.  165,  fig.  (1896). 
Persica  Davidiana  alba  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1872,  76. 

Prunus  Davidiana  flore  albo  Wittmack  in  Gartenfl.  XLIV.  129,  fig.  34,  t.  1412 
(1895). 

9.  Prunus  Persica  (Linnaeus)  Stokes.     See  p.  273. 

Prunus  Persica,  var.  Potanini  BataUn  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  164  (1892). 
Kansu :  in  the  valley  of  the  river  Hei-ho,  July  21,  1885,  G.  N.  Potanin. 

Prunus  Persica,  var.  densa  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XVI.  178  (1902), 
Cultivated  in  Japan,  where  it  was  introduced  from  China. 

As  Japanese  garden  forms  the  following  varieties  have  been  described: 
Prunus  Persica,  /3  vulgaris,  f.  stellata  Makino,  1.  c.  XXII.  119  (1908)  =  Am.ygdalu9 

Persica,  var.  stellata,  in  Ann.  Hort.  Bot.  Pays-Bas,  II.  66,  t.  6  (1859)  =  Amygdalus 

Persica,  var.  monstrosa  Siebold   ined.  apud    Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Petersbourg,  XXIX.  83;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  669  (1883),  and  Prunus  Persica,  /3.  vulgaris, 

f.  praematura  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  119  (1908). 

Prunus  persica,  var.  nucipersica,  Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  606  (1893). 

Amygdalus  Persica,  /3  Nucipersica  Linnaeus,  Spec.  472  (1753). 

Persica  nucipersica  Borkhausen,  Vers.  Forstbot.  Beschr.  205  (1790). 

Persica  laevis  De  Candolle,  Flora  Frang.  IV.  487  (1805).  — Seringe  in  De  Can- 
doUe,  Prodr.  II.  531  (1825). 

Amygdalus  Persica,  ^  nectarina  Alton,  Hort.  Kew.  II.  161  (1789). 

Prunus  Persica,  y  necturina  [sic]  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PUers- 
bourg,  XXIX.  83;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  669  (1883).    Maximowicz  quotes  errone- 
ously as  sjTionyms  also   Prunus  Simonii  Carriers  and  Persica  Simonii 
Decaisne. 
Cultivated  in  China  and  Japan,  teste  Maximowicz. 


276  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

10.  Prunus  tangutica  (Batalin)  Koehne,  n.  comb. 
Amygdalus  communis,  var.  tangutica  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XII.  163 

(1892). 
Amygdalus  tangutica  Korshinsky  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  b6t.  5,  XIV. 

94  (1901). 
Eastern  Kansu. 
According  to  Batalin  this  is  the  only  Almond  which  occurs  in  China.    In  fact 
the  true  Almond,  Prunus  communis  (Linnaeus)  Fritsch  =  P.  Amygdalus  Stokes  = 
Amygdalus  communis  Linnaeus)  has  not  yet  been  found  in  China  (see  Maximowicz 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XXIX.  84;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  670  [1883]). 

Amygdalus  Heuckeana  Schlechtendal  in  Ahh.  Natur.  Ges.  Halle,  II.  22  (1854).  — 
Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XXIX.  84;  in  Md.  Biol.  XL  671 
(1883). 
MongoUa. 
This  is  a  doubtful  species  and  may  belong  to  Prunus  nana  Focke. 

Subgen.   PRUNOPHORA  (Necker)  Focke.^ 

Prunus  triflora  (lapsu  trifolia)  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.,  ed.  2,  II.  501 
(1832).  — Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  II.  315  (1878).  —  Maximowicz 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg ,  XXIX  89;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  678, 
(1883). 

Prunus  triflora  Roxburgh,  Hort.  Bengal.  38  (nomen  nudum)  (1814). 

Prunus  communis  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XXIX.  88; 

in  Mel.  Biol.  XL  677  (non  Hudson)  2  (1883). 
Prunus  ichangana  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  50  (1905). 

Variat  pedicellorum  longitudine  (5-21  mm.),  praeterea  pedicellis 
glabris  v.  pubescentibus,  druparum  putaminumque  magnitudine. 
Specimina  Wilsoniana  omnia  pedicellis  glabris  praedita  sunt. 

a.  Drupa  fusco-ruhra. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt. 
1300-2500  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1027;  drupa  circa  24:26  mm., 
putamen  15:11:7  mm.). 

h.  Drupa  rubra. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  Oc- 
tober 1908  (No.  1 121;  drupa  27:27  mm.,  putamen  14:11:8  mm.); 
Wen-chuan  Hsien,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4202;   drupa 

»  Prunus  Taqueti  Ldveille  &  Vaniot  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  VII.  197  (1909) 
proves  to  be  a  species  of  Rhamnus. 

2  Prunus  communis  Hudson  (P.  domestica  Linnaeus)  is  reported  from  China  as 
wild  and  cultivated  by  Maximowicz,  Diels,  Forbes  &  Hemsley,  Franchet  and  others, 
but  like  Schneider  I  ^have  seen  so  far  no  specimens  from  China,  and  must  agree 
with  him,  when  he  says  (in  Fedde  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  1.  50)  that  the  occurrence  of  our 
common  Plum  in  China  is  very  doubtful. 


EOS  ACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  277 

c.  15:13  mm.,  putamen  10:8:6.5  mm.;  this  and  No.  175  are  the  forms 
with  the  smallest  fruits  and  stones).  Western  Hupeh  :  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (No.  241; 
drupa  c.  25:25  mm.,  putamen  15:9:6.5  nam.);  Patung  Hsien,  alt. 
1000-1600  m.,  May  and  August  1907  (No.  104;  drupa  c.  17:16 
mm.;  putamen  13: 10:8.5  mm.) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000- 
1600  m.,  April  and  September  1907  (No.  116;  drupa  c.  26:26  mm., 
putamen  13.5:11.5:7.5  m.). 

c.  Drupa  luiea. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
May  and  September  1907  (No.  120;  drupa  circa  18:16  mm.,  puta- 
men 14:9.5:7  mm.). 

d.  Drupa  viridis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cultivated,  alt.  300-600  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  66;  drupa  c.  27:27  mm.,  putamen  13:11:8  mm.). 

e.  Drupae  color  non  indicatus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  wild  and  cultivated  around  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
2300-3000  m.,  August  1908  (No.  993;  drupa  c.  25:25  mm.,  putamen 
17:15:10  mm.).  Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m..  May  and  August  1907  (No.  169;  drupa  c.  20:20  mm., 
putamen  12:10:8  mm.);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  April  and  August  1907  (No.  175;  drupa  c.  14:14  mm., 
putamen  12.5:9:7  mm.);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300m.,  July 
1907  (No.  82;- drupa  c.  24:22  mm.,  putamen  15:11:9  mm.);  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  September  1907  (No.  243";  fruit  not 
seen);  Patung,  April  1901  (Veitch.  Exped.  No.  1781;  fruit  not  seen); 
Ichang,  March  30,  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  124,  type  of  P.  ichangana 
Schneider). 

The  color  of  the  fruits  is  given  as  indicated  by  Wilson. 

The  plant  is  cultivated  also  in  Japan  and  in  the  Himalayas  and  Korea,  and 
has  been  introduced  in  North  America  and  Europe. 

Prunus  platysepala  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3.3  m.  alta;  rami  crassi,  annotini  intense  fusci,  nitiduli,  glabri, 
vetustiores  cinerei;  gemmae  anguste  conicae,  4  mm.  longac,  saepe 
ternae.  Folia  vernatione  convoluta,  ceterum  ignota.  Flores  l-3ni, 
praecoces;  involucrum  2-3  mm.  longum  latumque;  bracteae  inclusae; 
pedicelU  4-5  mm.  longi,  glabri;  cupula  patenter  turbinata,  3  mm.  longa, 
glabra;  sepala  latissima,  subsemiorbicularia,  2  mm.  longa,  patentia, 
brevissime  glanduloso-fimbriolata   ceterum  glabra;    petala   obovata, 


278  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

10  mm.  longa  7  mm.  lata,  baud  emarginata,  alba;  stamina  44,  petalis 
paullo  breviora,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  9  mm.  longum,  glabrum, 
stylus  stamina  aequans. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  March  20, 
1907  (No.  2813). 

Prunus  mume  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl  Jap.  I.  29.  t.  11  (1826). 
Armeniaca  mume  Siebold  in  Verh.  Batav.  Genoot.  XII.  No.  I.  69  (Syn.  PI. 

Oecon.)  (nomen  nudum)  (1827). 
Prunus  Mume  a  typica  Maximowicz  in    Bull.    Acad.   Sd.  St.    Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  84;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  671  (1883). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1300-2500  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1018);  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4146).  Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  wild  and 
cultivated,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  March  and  September  1907  (No.  75). 

Prunus  Armeniaca  Linnaeus,  Sp.  PI.  474  (1753). 
Armeniaca  vulgaris  Lamarck,  Encycl.  Meth.  I.  2  (1780). 

Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  typica  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sd.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  86;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  674  (1883). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cultivated,  alt.  30-1000  m.,  March  and 
July  1907  (No.  2814),  "fruit  of  poor  flavor."  Spontaneous  in  the 
mountains  near  Peking  and  on  mount  Po-hua-shan,  according  to 
Maximowicz. 

CONSPECTUS   ANALYTICUS   SPECIERUM    ASIAE   ORIENTALIS 
SUBGEN.  PRUNOPHORAE. 

Drupa  ut  ovarium  glabra      Sect.  I.  EUPRUNUS. 

Folia  vernatione  conduplicata.    Petala  5-6  mm.  longa. 

Dentes  foliorum  glandulosae.    Flores  praecoces.  Gemmae  floriferae  glomer- 

atae.    PediceUi  circa  7  mm.  longi ;  stamina  32 P.  consociiflora. 

Dentes  omnino  eglandulosae.  Flores  coaetanei.  Gemmae  floriferae  singulae 
ad  utrumque  latus  gemmae  foliiferae.    Pedicelli  1.5-3  mm.  longi;  stamina 

22-24  (Mandshuria) P.  gymnodonta. 

Folia  convoluta  (vernatio  vero  in  P.  platysepala  ignota). 

Petala  3-4.5  mm.  longa,  staminibus  vix  aequilonga.  Folia  oblonga  obtusa, 
crenata,  dentibus  apice  glanduloso-callosis.  Flores  coaetanei,  (foliis  simul 
ad  3  cm.  longis).    Pedicelli  8-18  mm.  longi,  3-4ni  ex  eadem  gemma. 

P.  thibetica. 
Petala  6-11  mm.  longa,  staminibus  paullo    v.  manifests  longiora.    Pedicelli 
l-3ni. 
Sepala  longiora  quam  lata.  Pedicelli  (5-)7-21  mm.  longi. 

Foliorum  nervi  5-11,  sub  angulo  circiter  45°  aequante  v.  paullo  minore 
patuli.    Drupa  14-27  mm.  longa.   Flores  coaetanei  v.  raro  praecoces. 

P.  triflora. 

Foliorum   nervi   3-4   insigniter   erecti,  supremi  2  conniventes.     Drupa 

circiter  33-44  mm.  longa.   Flores  coaetanei P.  Simonii. 


ROSACEAE.  —  PRUNUS  279 

Sepala  latiora  quam  longa,  semiorbicularia.    Pedicelli  4-5  mm.  longi ;  stamina 

circiter  44.    Flores  praococea P.  platijsepala. 

Drupa  (in  nostris)  ut  ovarium  pilosa.    Folia  convoluta  (sed  in  P.  anomaln  v(!rnatio 

adhuc  ignota) Sect.  II.  ARMENIACA. 

Flores  in  foliorum  adultorum  axillia  solitarii,  e  gemmia  unifloris  orti,  involucro 

baaali  vix  2  mm.  longo.     Pedicelli  6-7  mm.  longi P.  anomala. 

Flores  praecoces  e  ramis  defoliatis  orti. 
Folia  breviter  crenato-serrata  v.  crenata. 

Putamen  crebre  foraminulatura,  praeterea  baud  raro  sulcis  nonnuUis  ir- 
regularibus  exsculptum,  carina  nunc  obtusa  nunc  prominente  arguta, 
epicarpio  baud  solubili.    Folia  typice  e  basi  acuta  v.  late  cuneata  obovata 

acuminata P.  mume} 

Putamen  baud  foraminulatura,  laeve  v.  levitcr  ruguloso-reticulatum,  bine 

alato-carinatum,  epicarpio  solubili.     (Folia  forma  et  indumento  vari- 

bUia »). 

Drupa  parva  (circiter  2  cm.  diam.),  parura  succulenta,  vix  esculenta, 

epicarpio  (teste  Pallas,  Maximowicz)  demum  dehiscente.    .    P.  sibirica. 

Drupa  major,  succulenta,  edulis,  epicarpio  indeliisconte.     .   P.  Armeniaca. 

Folia  inaequaliter  inciso-duplicato-serrata,  dentibus  longioribus  quam  latis 

acutissimia.     Drupa  parum  succulenta.     Putamen  laeve,  utroque  margine 

obtusum P.  mandschurica. 

ENUMERATIO  SPECIERUM   ASIAE   ORIENTALIS. 

Sect.  I.  EUPRUNUS  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  315  (1893). 

Subgen.  Euprunus,  sect.  Prunophora  C.  K.  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauholzk. 
I.  620  (1906). 

1.  Pninus  consociiflora  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  I.  54  (1905). 
Western    Hupeh:    Changyang,  April  1900,  E.  H.   Wilson    (Veitch   Exped. 

No.  683).    Schneider  quotes  also:  Hupeh,  A.  Henry  (No.  1309). 

2.  Prunus  g3rmnodonta  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  inermis  ramis  coniertis,  ab  initio  glabris,  olivaceis,  autumno  et  secundo 
anno  fuscis  nitentibus  vetustioribus  nigrescentibus ;  gemmae  vix  2  mm.  longa. 
Folia  magna  ex  parte  fasciculata,  vernatione  conduplicata,  intima  tantum  praeterea 
margine  anguste  subinvoluta;  stipulae  diu  persistentes,  5-11  mm.  longae,  linearea 
V.  subfiliformes,  saepe  digitatae  laciniis  2-4,  exterioribus  multo  minoribus  quam 
interiore,  glanduloso-serrulatae ;  petioli  4-10  mm.  longi,  glabri  v.  in  canaliculo 
parce  breviter  birtelli;  lamina  e  basi  acuta  v.  cuneata  late  ad  anguste  obovata  v. 
obovato-oblonga,  4-7.5  cm.  longa  1.7-4  cm.  lata,  subito  breviter  acimiinata  acutis- 
eima,  serrata,  dentibus  pro  parte  duplicatis,  acutiusculis,  omnino  eglandulosis, 
glabra  v.  subtus  parum  barbulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  5-7  patulis,  supra 
laete  viridis,  subtus  pallidior.  Gemmae  floriferae  1-2-florae  ad  utrumque  latus 
gemmae  mediae  foliiferae;  involucra  parva;  pedicelli  1.5-3  mm.  longi,  glabri.  Flores 
coaetanei  foliis  simul  1-2  cm.  longis;  cupula  2  mm.  longa,  turbinata,  glabra;  sepala 

*  It  seems  impossible  at  present  to  separate  the  following  species  by  the  shape 
and  pubescence  of  the  leaves.  In  young  plants  of  Prunus  sibirica,  P.  Armeni- 
aca and  P.  mume  the  leaves  are  much  more  densely  pubescent  than  in  older 
plants  in  which  the  pubescence  more  or  less  disappears.  The  pedicels,  the 
cupula  and  the  sepals,  too,  in  the  species  were  both  glabrous  or  pubescent,  and  I 
have  not  found  it  possible  to  determine  the  species  of  the  section  Armeniaca  by  the 
leaves  and  flowers  alone.    Fruits  and  stones  only  furnish  reliable  characters. 


280  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

2  mm.  longa,  oblonga,  obtusa,  integra  v.  obsolete  parce  denticulata,  glabra;  petala 
breviter  unguiculata,  subspathulato-obovata,  5  mm.  longa,  3  mm.  lata,  alba; 
stamina  22-24,  majora  ad  4  mm.  longa;  pistillum  2-4  mm.  longum,  subobsoletum 
(bene  evolutum  non  vidi).    Drupa  ignota. 

Cultivated  in  the  Spath  Arboretum  near  Berlin,  as  "Prunus  triflora"  from 
Mandshuria. 

This  species  differs  from  Pruntis  triflora  Roxburgh  in  the  conduplicate  leaves, 
scarcely,  partly,  or  only  sUghtly  involute  on  the  margin,  the  entirely  glandless 
serratures  of  the  leaves,  the  very  short  pedicels,  and  in  the  smaller  flowers.  The 
fact  that  in  the  Plums  condupUcate  as  well  as  convolute  leaves  occur  is  more  and 
more  confirmed. 

3.  Prunus  thibetica  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2.  VIII.  215  {PL 
David.  II.  33)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  April  1869,  David. 

4.  Prunus  triflora  Roxburgh.    See  p.  276. 

In  forma  typica  pedicelli  ut  cupula  glaberrimi,  stamina  23-32  v.  raro  ad  43, 
quorum  majora  ad  5-8  mm.  longa. 

Pnmus  triflora,  var.  pubipes  Koehne,  n.  var. 

PedicelU  dense  pubescentes  v.  rarius  subglabri.  Cupula  ad  tertiam  v.  dimidiam 
partem  usque  pubescens;  stamina  19-22,  quormn  majora  ad  3  v.  3.5  mm.  longa. 

Cultivated  in  the  Botanic  Garden  at  Dahlem  and  in  Spath's  Arboretum  near 
Berhn. 

This  variety  differs  except  in  its  pubescence  very  Uttle  from  the  typical  Prunus 
triflora,  so  that  I  can  hardly  beUeve  in  an  hybrid  origin  of  the  var.  pubipes.  Transi- 
tional forms  seem  to  be:  P.  Masu  Hort.^  ex  Zabel  in  Beissner,  Schelle  &  Zabel, 
Handb.  Laubholz-Ben.  252  (nomen  nudum)  (1903),  and  P.  Botan  Hort.,  the  pedicels 
and  calyx  of  which  are  glabrous,  or  here  and  there  sparingly  pubescent. 

5.  Prunus  Simonii  CarriSre  in  Rev.  Hort.  1872,  111,  t. 
Introduced  from  China.     Spontaneous  specimens  are  imknown. 

6.  Prunus  platysepala  Koehne.    See  p.  277. 

Sect.  II.  ARMENIACA  (Miller)  W.  J.  D.  Koch,  Syn.  Fl.  Germ.  205  (1837). 

Armeniaca  Miller,  Gard.  Diet.,  ed.  7  (1764).  —  A.  L.  de  Jussieu,  Gen.  341 
(1789). 

7.  Prunus  anomala  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Rami  hornotini  subglabri,  nigrofusci,  in  sicco  tenuiter  longitudinaliter  rugoso- 
striati,  annotini  glabri,  sat  graciles;  gemmae  rotundato-ovatae,  1.5-2.5  mm.  longae. 
Stipulae  ignotae;  petioU  10-12  mm.  longi,  glabri,  eglandulosi;  lamina  e  basi  late 
cuneata  obovato-oblonga  v.  obovata,  suprema  late  inverse  oblonga,  6-7.3  cm. 
longa,  2.5-3.5  cm.  lata,  longe  caudata,  simpUciter  v.  hinc  inde  subduplicato- 
crenata,  dentibus  obtusis,  glandula  parva  nigrescenti  terminatis,  supra  glabra, 
Bubtus  glabra  v.  in  nervorum  axillis  barbulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-5,  subtus  paullo 
pallidior  costa  nervisque  fuscescentibus,  membranacea.  Flores  solitarii  in  foliorum 
adultorum  axillis;  involucrum  vix  2  mih.  longum;  pedicelh  6-7  mm.  longi,  glabri; 
cupula  patelliformis,  2.5  mm.  longa  5  mm.  lata,  glabra;  sepala  rotundata,  circiter 
4  mm.  longa  lataque,  erecto-patentia,  tenuiter  breviter  ciliata  ceterum  glabra; 
petala  breviter  unguiculata,  orbicularia,  circiter  8  mm.  longa,  7.3  mm.  lata;  stamina 
54,  petalis  subaequilonga,  ad  7  mm.  longa;  pistillum  12  mm.  longum,  ovarium  ut 
etyli  basis  densissime  breviter  hirtello-tomentosum,  stylus  stamina  superans. 

1  Masu  is  an  incorrect  speUing;  it  ought  to  be  Maru  (=  round  in  Japanese). 


ROSACE  AE .  —  PRUNUS  281 

Kwang-tung:  Hongkong,  a.  1885-86,  E.  Faber  (distributed  as  P.  japonica). 
This  species  is  remarkable  in  the  fact  that  its  solitary  flowers  are  borne  in  the 
axils  of  full  grown  leaves  which  resemble  those  of  Prunus  mume. 

8.  Prunus  mume  Siebold  &  Zuccarini.    See  p.  278. 
Prunus  mume  var.  Goethartiana  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Folia  ut  in  P.  mume  typica,  majuscula,  6.5-10  cm.  longa,  4-6.1  cm.  lata,  subtua 
in  costa  dense,  in  nervis  multo  laxius,  ceterum  sparsim  villosa.  Pedicellus  brevissi- 
mus,  puberulo-velutinus;  cupula  4.5  mm.  longa,  subsemiglobosa,  extus  puberulo- 
velutina;  sepala  5  mm.  longa,  reflexa,  late  ovata,  acutiuscula  v.  obtusa,  ciliolata 
extus  puberulo-velutina;  petala  16  mm.  longa,  10.5  mm.  lata;  stamina  37,  majora 
11  mm.  longa;  ovarium  villoso-tomentosum  ut  styli  pars  dimidia  inferior. 

Japan,  Buerger. 

This  variety  I  have  named  in  compliment  to  Professor  Goethart,  who  has  kindly 
sent  me  valuable  material  from  the  Rijks-Herbarium  at  Leyden.  A  form  of  Prunus 
mume  with  completely  pubescent  cupula  and  pubescent  sepals  has  not  been 
described  before. 

I  hope  that  the  flowering  and  the  leaf  bearing  branches  belong  together.  This, 
however,  is  not  always  the  case  in  the  older  collections  from  Japan. 

The  following  Japanese  garden  forms  have  been  distinguished. 
Prunus  mimie,  var.  typica  Maximowicz.    See  p.  278. 

Prunus  mume,  var.  pleiocarpa  Maximowicz,  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  85;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  673  (1883). 

Pnmus  mume,  f.  laciniata  Maximowicz,  I.  c.  672. 

Pnmus  mume,  var.  microcarpa  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  71  (1908). 

Prunus  mume,  var.  viridicalyx  Makino,  1.  c. 

Prunus  mume,  var.  cryptopetala  Makino,  1.  c. 

Prunus  mimie,  var.  Bungei  Makino,  1.  c. 

9.  Pnmus  sibirica  Linnaeus,  Spec.  I.  474  (1753). 
Armeniaca  sibirica  Persoon,  Syn.  II.  36  (1807). 

Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  sibirica  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  88  (1869).  —  Maximowicz 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXIX.  86;  in  M61.  Biol.  XI.  673  (1883). 

Southeastern  Mongolia,  also  in  Dahuria. 

Armeniaca  Davidiana  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1879,  236,  fig.  46-48,  seems  to  be 
closely  related  to  P.  sibirica  on  account  of  the  dehiscent  epicarp  and  the  smooth 
stone,  characters  which  Maximowicz  emphasizes  for  P.  sibirica.  He  attributes  to 
the  latter  "ramos  patentes,"  while  Armeniaca  Davidiana  has  pendulous  branches; 
it  is  therefore  possibly  a  pendulous  form  of  P.  sibirica.  Carridre  gives  very  gener- 
ally China  as  the  habitat  of  his  Armeniaca  Davidiana;  if  it  should  have  come 
from  northern  China,  its  range  would  be  close  to  that  of  P.  sibirica,  which  is 
found  in  southeastern  MongoUa  and  in  Dahuria. 

10.  Pnmus  Armeniaca  Linnaeus.    See  p.  278. 

Pnmus  Armeniaca,  var.  holosericea  Batalin  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XIV.  167 
(1895). 

Eastern  Tibet;  between  Litang  and  Batang,  June  1,  1893,  V.  A.  Kashkarov. 
1  have  not  seen  specimens  of  this  variety. 

According  to  the  observations  which  I  have  made  on  young  cultivated  plants 
of  the  species  of  the  section  Armeniaca  it  seems  hardly  advisable  to  distinguish 
varieties  by  the  pubescence  of  the  leaves  (see  footnote,  p.  279). 


282  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  ansu  Maximowicz,  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg, 
XXIX.  87;  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  676  (1883). 

Prunus  Ansu  Komarov  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XXII.  541  (1904). 
Prunus  armeniaca,  var.  Anzu  Matsiimura  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XIV.  134  (1900). 
Cultivated  in  Japan  according  to  Maximowicz.  Matsumura  cites  the  following 
specimens  from  China:  cultivated  at  Chifu,  prov.  Shangttmg,  October  7,  1879, 
Mrs.  Yoshi  Takagaki  (No.  108),  and  April  30,  1898,  T.  Takagaki  (No.  664);  near 
the  hill  of  Nansi-shan,  October  17, 1897,  Mrs.  Yoshi  Takagaki  (No.  275) ;  Nan-shan, 
AprU  26,  1898,  T.  Takagaki  (No.  663,  694). 

11.  Pnrnus  mandschuria  Koehne,  Deutsche  Dendr.  318  (1893). 
Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  mandshurica  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sd.  St.  Peters- 
bourg, XXIX.  87;  in  Mel.  Biol  XI.  675  (1883). 
Mandshuria,  Northern  Korea. 


FLACOURTIACEAE. 


Determined  by  E.  H.  Wilson. 

Xylosma  racemosum  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  155  (1865- 
66).— Hemsley  in  Journ.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  57  (1886). 

Hisingera  racemosa  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  169,  189,  t.  88,  100  fig.  III. 

1-14  (1835). 
Hisingera  japonica  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV.  2,  168  {Fl, 

Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  60)  (1845). 
Xylosma  japonicum  Gray  in  Mem.  Am.  Acad.  VI.   381   (1854).  —  Hance  in 

Jour.  Bot.  VIII.  275  (1870);   XVI.  8  (1878). 
Flacourtia  chinensis  Clos  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  4,  VIII.  219  (1857). 
Myroxylon  racemosum  O.  Kuntze,  Rev.  Gen.  PI.  I.  44  (1891). 

Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor.    Korea:  Quel- 
paert,  woods,  October  1908,  E.  J.  Taquet  (No.  567). 

The  type  does  not  occur  in  central  or  western  China,  and  all  the  specimens  we 
have  seen  from  these  regions  are  referable  to  the  following  variety. 

j  Xylosma  racemosum,  var.  pubescens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Myroxylon  racemosum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX  478  (1900).— Pampanini 
m  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  XVII.  674  (1900). 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  hornotinis  pubescentibus. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  commonly  planted  around  shrines, 
alt.  40-600  m.,  September  and  December  1907  (No.  1253,  in  part,  type; 
tree  6-20  m.  tall,  fruit  black);  Ichang  and  immediate  neighborhood, 
A.  Henry  (No.  7766).  Western  Szech'uan:  Ya-chou  Fu,  alt. 
300-1000  m.,  September  and  November  1908  (No.  1253,  in  part;  tree 
16-25  m.  tall).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  ravine  1500  m.  A.  Henry  (No. 
10804). 

This  is  the  Tung-ching  (Winter-green)  of  the  Chinese  and  one  of  the  handsomest 
of  their  evergreen  trees.  It  is  commonly  found  planted  over  shrines  and  tombs. 
The  tree  reaches  a  height  of  20  m.  and  is  more  or  less  spiny  particularly  while 
young  and  on  the  short  inner  branches.  Photographs  of  this  tree  will  be  found 
under  Nos.  2,  12,  472,  533,  627  and  0164  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  hia 
Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  191,  217  and  498-500. 

283 


284  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

The  plant  collected  by  Piasezkii  in  Shensi  and  referred  by  Maximowicz  according 
to  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  57  (1886)  to  Xylosma  senticosum  Hance  is  more 
probably  Xylosma  racemosum,  var.  pubesce?is,  since  it  is  unlikely  that  a  subtropical 
plant  would  be  found  so  far  north.  Both  agree  in  having  pubescent  branches,  but 
the  leaves  in  Hance's  plant  are  described  as  only  6-8  lines  long. 

Xylosma  Dunnianum  L6veill6  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  455  (1911)  apparently 
belongs  to  some  other  genus  since  he  describes  petals  and  says  they  are  "twice  as 
long  as  the  sepals." 

Two  other  species  of  Xylosma  occur  in  Yunnan: 
Xylosma  longifolium  Clos  in  Ann.  Sd.  Nat.  ser.  4,  VIII.  231  (1857).  —  Hooker 
f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  194  (1872). 
Yunnan:     Mengtze,  alt.  1500  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9901,  9901*  9901");   Szemao, 
alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry,  (No.  12635);  Talang,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (13334). 

Xylosma  controversum  Clos  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  s6r.  4,  VIII.  231  (1857).  — Hooker, 
f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  194  (1872). 
Yunnan:  Szemao,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  11884",  12757). 


CARRIEREA  Franch. 

Carrierea  calycina  Franchet  in  Rev.  Hort.  1896,  497,  fig.  170.  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.XXlX,  478  (1900). —  Bean  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  XXII.  353  (1909). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  side  of  streams,  alt.  600-1100  m., 
June  and  November  1908  (No.  1212,  in  part;  tree  6-10  m.  tall,  1-1.60 
m.  girth,  flowers  white) ;  Niu-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  1600 
m.,  June  1908  (1212,  in  part;  tree  6  m.  tall,  30  cm.  girth,  flowers  white); 
Hung-ya  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1000  m.,  September  1908  (No. 
12 12,  in  part;  tree  6-10  m.  tall,  1-2  m.  girth) ;  without  precise  locality, 
ravines,  1300  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3227);  Mt.  Omei, 
June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4752).  Western  Hupeh:  without 
precise  locality  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1104). 

This  handsome  tree  is  very  rare  in  western  Hupeh,  but  common  in  western 
Szech'uan,  especially  by  the  side  of  woodland  streams  up  to  1200  m.  altitude. 
Whilst  not  forming  a  tall  or  even  large  tree,  the  much-branched  and  flat  head  is 
wide-spreading;  the  bark  is  grey  and  usually  smooth,  but  in  very  old  trees  it 
becomes  furrowed  and  corrugated.  The  flowers  are  ivory-white  and  of  much 
substance. 

A  second  species  of  this  genus,  Carrierea  Dunniana  L6veill6,  is  described  in  Fedde, 
Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  459  (1911),  but  we  have  seen  no  specimens  and  the  description  is 
too  meagre. 

IDESIA  Maxim. 

Idesia  polycarpa  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
s6t.  3,  X,  485;  in  Mel  Biol.  VI.  19  (1866).— CarriSre  in  Rev.  Hort. 


FLACOURTIACE  AE .  —  POLIOTHYRSIS  285 

1872,  174,  fig.  19,  20.  —  Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI  Koishik.  BoL  Card.  II. 
t.  11a,  11b  (1883).  —  Lavall^e  in  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.  41,  t.  13  (1885).  — 
Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXI.  t.  6794  (1885).  —  Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess. 
For.  Jap.  I.  t.  76  (1900).  —  Diels  in  BoL  Jahrb.  XXIX.  478  (1900). 

Idesia  polycarpa,  var.  latifolia  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  478  (1900). 
Idesia  pobjcarpa,  var.  intermedia  Pampanini  in  Nnov.  Giom.  Bot.  Ital.  XVII. 

673  (1910). 
Polycarpa  Maximowiczii  Linden  ex  Carri^re  in  Rev.  Hort.  1868,  330,  fig.  36. 
Flacourtia  japonica  Hort.  ex  Lavallee,  1.  c.  (synon.). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  487;  tree  8-15  m.  tall,  about 
1  m.  girth,  flowers  yellow,  fruits  vermiHon,  bark  very  light  grey); 
without  precise  locality,  June  and  October  1900  (Veitch.  Exped. 
No.  930).  Formosa:  Bankinsing,  mountains,  A.  Henry  (No.  429). 
Korea:  Quelpaert,  side  of  streams,  rare,  alt.  900  m.,  E.  J.  Taquet 
(Nos.  1466,  4096). 

A  very  common  tree  in  western  Hupeh.  The  foliage  varies  considerably  in  size 
and  shape,  and  with  the  mass  of  material  before  me  I  must  consider  the  above 
named  varieties  very  sUght  forms  not  deserving  varietal  rank.  A  photograph  of 
this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  560  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his 
Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  254. 

Idesia  polycarpa,  var.  vestita  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  478  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No.  962;  tree  6-15  m.  tall,  about  1  m.  girth, 
flowers  yellow,  fruits  brick  red) ;  without  precise  locality,  woods,  rare, 
alt.  2300  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch.  Exped.  No.  3226).  Kiangsi;  Ruling, 
thickets,  not  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1612;  bush  3  m. 
tall). 

A  well-marked  variety  having  the  under  side  of  the  leaves  densely  pubescent  and 
the  upper  surface  rugose. 


POLIOTHYRSIS  Oliv. 

Poliothyrsis  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  t.  1885  (1889).  — 
Bean  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  355  (1909). 

WesternHupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands,  alt.  300- 
1100  m.,  July  and  October  1907  (No.  500,  in  part;  tree  6-13  m.  tall, 
about  1  m.  girth,  flowers  yellowish-white);  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1100  m., 
July  1907  (No.  500,  in  part);  San-yu-tung  glen,  near  Ichang,  alt.  300 
m.,  June  1907  (No.  500,  in  part;  bush  4  m.  tall);  without  precise 
locahty,  July  and  November  1900  and  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1475, 


286  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

2444,  2684).  Western  Szeeh'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan 
Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  500"; 
tree  10  m.  tall,  65  cm.  girth,  flowers  nearly  white). 

A  common,  rather  slender,  loosely  branched  tree  with  grey  bark  deeply  furrowed  in 
adult,  smooth  in  young  trees.  The  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size  and  shape 
and  also  in  degree  of  serration  and  pubescence.  A  colloquial  name  for  this  tree 
aroimd  Ichang  is  "Yu-kuei-chou." 


ITOA  Hemsl. 

Itoa  orientalis  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXVII.  t.  2688  (1901). 

Western  Szeeh'uan:  thickets  around  base  of  Mt.  Omei,  alt.  600 
m.,  September  1908  (No.  3057;  small  tree,  6  m.  tall);  ravine,  Mt. 
Omei,  alt.  600  m.,  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3228).  Yunnan: 
Mengtze,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9408). 

Usually  a  slender  tree,  with  light  grey  bark  and  tough  wood. 


STACHYURACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

STACHYURUS  Sieb  &  Zucc. 

Stachyurus  chinensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XII.  254  (1898).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  475  (1900). 

Stachyurus  praecox  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX  475  (non  Siebold  &  Zuccarini) 
(1900). 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  30,  1907 
(No.  1725).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  ravines, 
alt.  300-1000  m.,  April  and  August  1907  (No.  89);  Changyang  Hsien, 
alt.  300-1000  m.,  August  1907  (No.  192,  fruiting  branches);  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  September  1907  (No.  292);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1800  m..  May  and  June  1907  (No.  2556). 
Ichang,  glens,  March  16,  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  125);  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  2002,3770,  6917,  5744).  Shensi:  Tai-pei- 
shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom.  Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  2000).  Yunnan:  Longki  (flowers)  and  Chang-fong-shan  (fruits), 
J.  M.  Delavay  (in  herb.  Paris). 

The  Kiangsi  and  Hupeh  plants  differ  from  the  type  in  the  somewhat  thinner 
and  sometimes  subcordate  leaves.  In  addition  to  the  characters  given  by  Franchet, 
this  species  may  be  distinguished  from  S.  praecox  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  by  the 
broader  and  crenately  serrate  leaves,  abruptly  contracted  into  a  long  acumen, 
by  the  greenish  or  duU  brown  color  of  the  one  year  old  branchlets,  and  by  the  smaller 
fruits,  while  in  S.  praecox  the  serratures  of  the  generally  oblong-ovate  leaves  are 
more  flaring  and  the  one-year  old  branchlets  are  chestnut  brown  and  lustrous.  I 
have  not  been  able  to  find  among  the  Chinese  specimens  any  representing  the  true 
S.  praecox,  and  I  believe  that  all  the  Chinese  specimens  referred  to  that  species 
belong  to  S.  chinensis  or  possibly  to  S.  himalaicus. 

Stachyurus  himalaicus  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  apud  Bentham  in 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  V.  55  (1861).  —  Thiselton-Dyer  in  Hooker  f.,  Flor. 
Brit.  Ind.  1.  288  (1875). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  April 
1907  (No.  192*);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1287*,  2913,  3040, 
3362,  3449*).     Szech'uan:  without  locaUty,  A.  Henry  (No.  7139). 

287 


288  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Yunnan:  Mengtze  alt.  1700-2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  10138,  10138*, 
10543).      Formosa:  Bankinsing,  A.  Henry  (No.  35). 

Stachyurus  himalaicus  is  easily  distinguished  from  the  preceding  species  by  the 
narrower,  oblong  or  oblong-lanceolate,  finely  serrate  leaves  and  by  the  smaller  flowers 
with  the  style  scarcely  exceeding  the  petals.  No.  2913  differs  from  the  type  in  its 
broader  less  finely  serrate  leaves,  and  No.  10138^  in  its  subpersistent  leaves,  the 
flowering  branches  holding  still  part  of  the  leaves. 

Stachyurus  yunnanensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XII,  253  (1898). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hung-ya  Hsien,  foot  of  Mt.  Wa-wu,  alt. 
1300  m.,  September  13, 1908  (No.  2555).  Yunnan:  Mo-so-yin,  gorges 
of  the  Pee-cha-ho,  /.  M.  Delavay  (No.  822). 

Stachyurus  yxmnanensis,  var.  pedicellatus  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  grossius  et  remotius  serratis  et  praecipue  pedi- 
cellis  elongatis,  ea  fructuum  immaturorum  3-5  mm.  longis  medio 
articulatis,  et  racemis  rigidioribus  breviter  pedunculatis. 

Eastern  Szech'uan:  Yung-yang  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1800  m.,  July 
1910  (No.  4541)- 

This  variety  differs  in  its  distinctly  pedicelled  fruits  not  only  from  the  type  of  the 
species,  but  also  from  the  other  species  of  Stachyurus  which  all  have  very  short 
stalked  or  nearly  sessile  flowers  and  fruits. 


STYRACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

STYRAX  L. 

Styrax  dasyanthus  Perkins  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  485  (1902);  in 
Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  31  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  5977,  type);  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  372, 
in  part;  bush  or  small  tree,  2-8  m.  high,  flowers  white);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  ravines,  rare,  alt.  500  m.,  June  4,  1907  (No.  2572;  large  bush, 
8  m.  high,  flowers  pure  white,  fragrant);  without  precise  locality, 
June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1106);  Chienshi,  July  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1275,  in  part  (flowering  specimen) ;  tree  3  m.  high,  flowers 
white).  Western  Szech'uan:  KiatingFu,  June  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  4066;   4  m.  high). 

No.  2572  differs  from  the  type  in  having  the  lower  surface  of  the  larger  and  broader 
leaves  sparingly  furnished  with  small  fascicled  hairs,  and  forms  thus  a  transition 
to  the  following  variety.  In  No.  4066  the  leaves  are  broader  and  thinner  and  less 
closely  veined  than  in  the  type  and  the  inflorescence  is  looser. 

Styrax  dasyanthus,  var.  cinerascens  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subtus  initio  dense  albido-  v.  cinereo-tomentosis 
demum  plerumque  sparsius  pilis  stellatis  conspersis,  sed  in  foliis  superi- 
oribus  innovationum  tomento  denso  albido  persistente  praeditis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Chang-lo  Hsien,  thickets,  ravines,  etc.,  alt. 
600-1000  m.,  May  and  June  1907  (No.  2571,  type;  bush  5  m.  high); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  300-600  m.,  June  6,  1907  (No.  372*;  tree 
10  m.  high,  flat-topped,  flowers  white,  fragrant);  Chien-shi,  July  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1275,  in  part;  fruiting  specimen). 

In  general  appearance,  in  the  flowers  and  in  the  shape  and  venation  of  the  .eaves 
this  variety  agrees  exactly  with  the  type  and  therefore  I  cannot  consider  it  an  /thing 
else  but  a  variety  of  S.  dasyanthus. 

Styrax  philadelphoides  Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-^41,  32 
(1907). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  side  of  streams,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  28, 
1907  (No.  1732,  1-2  m.  high).  Fokien:  April  to  June  1905,  5.  T. 
Dunn    (Hongkong  Herb.   No.   2899).      Chekiang:    Ningpo,    1908, 

289 


290  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

D.  Macgregor;  without  date,  W.  M.  Cooper;  Hang-chau,  F.  N.  Meyer 
(No.  440);  Kiangsu:  Chinkiang,  W.  R.  Carles  (No.  439). 

Styrax  calvescens  Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.  -241,  32  (1907). 
Kiangsi:   Ruling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  August  1,  1907 
(No.  1733).     Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  721  ex  Perkins). 

I  refer  not  without  hesitation  Wilson's  No.  1733,  which  has  only  young  fruit,  to 
this  species  of  which  I  have  not  seen  the  type.  It  differs  from  the  description  in  its 
denser  tomentum,  even  the  mature  leaves  being  densely  grayish  or  whitish  tomen- 
tose  beneath;  otherwise  the  specimen  resembles  closely  S.  philadelphoides  Perkins, 
to  which  it  seems  to  bear  the  same  relation  that  S.  dasyanthus,  var.  cinerascens 
Rehder  bears  to  typical  S.  dasyanthus  Perkins. 

Styrax  suberifolius  Hooker  &  Arnott,  Bot.  Voy.  Beechey,  196,  t.  40 
(1841).  — De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VIII.  261  (1844).  —  Bentham  in 
Hooker  Jour.  Bot.  &  Kew  Gard.  Misc.  IV.  304  (1852);  Fl.  Hongkong, 
213  (1861).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  77  (1889).  — Per- 
kins in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  60  (1907). 

Cyrta  suberifolia  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.,  ser.  3,  III.  279  (1859);  Con- 
trib.  Bot.  I.  182,  t.  29  (1851-61). 

Styrax  caloneurus  Perkins  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  484  (1902). 

Styrax  suberifolius,  var.  caloneurus  Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  61 
(1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1000  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2570,  in  part;  thin  tree  6-10  m.  high,  girth  30-45  cm., 
flowers  white);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  rare,  alt.  800  m..  May  1907 
(No.  2570,  in  part;  thin  tree,  7  m,  high,  girth  30  cm.) ;  without  precise 
locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1202);  A.  Henry  (No.  7704). 
Yunnan:  Szemao,  alt.  1500-1700  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  11885,  11885a, 
118856).  Kwang-tung:  Hongkong,  C.  Ford;  Hongkong,  Nov.  4, 
1903,  C.  S.  Sargent.  Fokien;  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb. 
Hongkong  Bot.  Gard.  No.  2896).  Formosa:  Tamsui,  1864,  R. 
Oldham  (No.  293);   South  Cape,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  536,  592,  1369). 

With  the  material  before  me  I  am  not  able  to  separate  the  form  of  western  China 
from  that  of  the  southeastern  provinces;  the  inflorescence  is  panicled  in  both 
form ;,  though  the  plate  accompanying  the  original  description  shows  a  few-flowered 
inflorescence.  The  western  specimens,  however,  have  generally  somewhat  narrower 
leaves  more  cuneate  at  the  base. 

Styrax  Veitchiorum  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform. 
1906, 161.  —  Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  69  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh;  Fang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  rare,  alt.  1000  m., 
May  19  and  September  1907  (No.  308;  tree  4-12  m.  high,  girth  0.30-1 
m.,  flowers  white);  same  locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2015, 


STYRACE  AE .  —  STYRAX  291 

type);  Kiangsi:  Ruling,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  29,  1907 

(No.  1734). 

The  specimen  from  Kiangsi  apparently  belongs  here,  though  it  is  without  flowers 
or  fruits;  it  bears  the  same  large  galls  as  are  found  in  S.  Benzoin  Dryander  and  other 
species. 

Styrax  Hemsleyanus  Diels  in  Bot  Jahrb.  XXIX.  530  (1900).  — 
Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  70  (1907).  —  Hutchinson  in 
Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8339  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  common,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2574;  tree  6-10 m.  high,  flowers  white); 
South  Wushan,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  915);  without  precise 
locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5676,  5977,  6895).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2578;  tree  5-8 
m.  high,  flowers  white);  Nanch'uan,  A.  v.  Rosthorn  (No.  2078). 

No.  2578  differs  from  the  type  in  the  somewhat  larger  flowers  and  shorter  racemes, 
also  in  the  generally  narrower  leaves  which  are  finely  denticulate. 

Styrax  Hemsleyanus,  var.  griseus  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subtus  laxe  pilis  stellatis  griseis  facile  deter- 
gendis  obtectis  supra  sparsius  pilis  stellatis  conspersis,  petiolis 
et  axibus  inflorescentiae  stellato-tomentosis,  calyce  brunneo-fusco- 
tomentoso. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  1907)  No.  2574*;  tree  6-10  m.  high,  flowers  white). 

Though  at  first  sight  this  form  looks  rather  distinct,  I  am  not  able  to  find  any 
other  character  except  the  pubescence  to  separate  it  from  typical  S.  Hemsleyanus; 
the  leaves  are  rather  large,  10-13  cm.  long  and  7-8.5  cm.  broad  and  only  finely 
denticulate. 

St3rrax  roseus  Dunn  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1911,  273. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-hsiang-ling,  Chingchi  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1000-1300  m..  May  1908  (No.  2577;  bush  2-3  m.,  flowers  white); 
Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2575;  largo  bush 
3-7  m.  high);  Wa-shan,  rare,  alt.  2800  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch.  Exped. 
No.  4065,  type;  bush  3  m.,  flowers  white). 

The  flowers  are  white  according  to  Wilson's  notes  on  the  labels,  though  in  the 
dried  state  they  have  a  pinkish  hue  which  also  appears  in  specimens  of  other  specieB, 
The  bright  orange-yellow  color  of  the  calyx  and  of  the  winter-buds  seems  to  be 
characteristic  of  this  species. 

Styrax  japonicus  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  53,  t.  23  (1835).  — 
De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VHI.  266  (1844).  —  Regel  in  Gartcnfl.  XVII, 
193,  t.  583  (1868);  XXXVI.  362,  fig.  89  (1887). —  Garrf.  Chron.  ser. 


292  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

2,  XXIV.  745,  fig.  166  (1885).  —  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort.  1888,  320,  fig. 
67.  —  Dippel,  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  318,  fig.  207  (1889).  —  Hemsley 
in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  76  (1889).  —  Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For. 
Jap.  I.  124,  t.  80,  fig.  1-12  (1900).  —  Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.  - 
241,  73  (1907).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  580,  fig.  376 
n-p,  377  i-m  (1911). 

Styrax  serrulatum  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  XCVIII.  t.  5950  (non  Roxburgh) 
(1872).  —  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXIV.  Beibl.  LXXV.  58  (1904)  .^ 

Cyrta  japonica  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  III.  279  (1859);  Contrib. 
Bot.  I.  182  (1851-61). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  ravines,  alt.  300  m.. 
May  3,  1907  (No.  2573;  bush  2-5  m.  high,  flowers  white);  without 
precise  locahty.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  2756);  Ichang,  A.  Henry 
(No.  2815);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3876,  6120);  South 
Wushan,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5495,  5639^  5779).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2423).  Shantung:  Tsingtau, 
1901,  Zimmermann  (No.  422,  determined  as  S.  serrulatum).  Korea: 
Quelpaert,  E.  J.  Taquet  (Nos.  725,  727,  1109,  1876,  3033,  3034).  Also 
n  Japan. 

The  Chinese  form  differs  from  the  tj'pe  in  the  generally  larger  and  shorter  petioled 
leaves  and  in  the  more  spreading  corolla  lobes  which  give  the  flowers  a  star-like 
shape.  Styrax  seminatum  (1901)  Farges,  quoted  by  Miss  Perkins  (1.  c.)  as  a  synonym, 
is  not  a  name,  but  signifies  sowing  No.  1901  collected  by  Farges;  seminatum  is 
the  term  employed  by  Vilmorin  for  all  undetermined  sowings  or  seed  lots. 

A  very  distinct  variety  is  the  following: 

Styrax  japonicus,  var.  calycothrix  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXIV.  Beibl.  LXXV. 
58  (1904). 

Shantung:  Lau-shan,  August  1907,  F.  N.  Meyer  cNo.  277). 

Differs  from  the  type  in  the  densely  stellate-pubescent  calyx  and  in  the  obovate 
leaves  long-acuminate  and  at  the  base  very  gradually  narrowed  into  the  petiole. 

Styrax  Perkinsiae  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis;  ramuli  tomentosi  purpureo-virides  v.  ob- 
scure virides,  puberuli  et  stellato-pilosi,  annotini  glabrescentes,  ut 
vetustiores  griseo-f usci ;  gemmae  tomento  fulvo  v.  flavescente  vestitae. 
Folia  decidua  membranacea,  ovalia  v.  ovali-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi 
cuneata  v.  late  cuneata  v.  interdum  fere  rotundata,  margine  minute 
denticulata,  4.5-7.5  cm.  longa  et  2.3-3.7  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia, 
sparse  stellato-pilosa,  demum  glabra,  subtus  albida,  dense  minute 
stellato-tomentosa,  ad  venas  flavescentes  sparsius  stellato-pilosa,  venis 
utrinsecus  6-8  supra  pauUo,  subtus  ut  venulae  transversae  manifeste 

1  According  to  a  specimen  of  No.  422  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  herbarium;  the 
true  S.  serrulatum  Roxburgh  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  China  at  all. 


STYRACE AE .  —  STYE AX  293 

elevatis;  petioli  stellato-pilosi,  2-3  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  racemosa, 
2-3-flora,  interdura  infra  floribus  solitariis  axillaribus,  in  apice  ramulo- 
rum  perbrevium  lateralium;  peclicelli  3-5  mm,  longi;  calyx  campanula- 
tus,  5-6  mm.  longus  et  4-5  mm.  diam.,  ut  pedicelli  albido-tomentosus 
et  insuper  pilis  stellatis  fulvis  majoribus  instructus,  intus  glaber  mar- 
ginem  versus  tantum  pilis  minutis  obliquo-stellatis  conspersus,  minute 
et  irregulariter  denticulatus;  corolla  in  aestivatione  imbricata,  alba, 
circiter  2  cm.  longa,  lobis  oblongis  acutis  15  mm.  longis  et  6.2  mm. 
latis  extus  intusque  stellato-pilosis,  tube  intus  glabro  extus  tantum 
basin  versus  glabro;  stamina  petalis  paullo  breviora,  filamentis  quam 
antherae  anguste  oblongae  margine  stellato-pilosae  duplo  longioribus 
triente  superiore  except©  parce  stellato-pilosis;  ovarium  subglobosum, 
tomentosum,  imperfecte  triloculare;  stylus  petalis  fere  aequilongus 
V.  ea  paullo  superans,  in  quadrante  inferiore  tantum  parce  stellato- 
pilosus.  Fructus  ovoideus,  circiter  8  mm.  longus,  apice  breviter 
mucronatus,  stellato-tomentosus,  calyce  persistente  sustentus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  July 
and  September  17,  1908  (No.  2576). 

This  species  seems  to  be  nearest  related  to  S.  officinalis  Linnaeus,  which  is  easily 
distinguished  by  the  obtuse  and  entire  leaves,  the  larger  subglobose  fruit  with  usu- 
ally a  large  part  of  the  style  persistent  and  the  homomorphous  tomentum  of  the 
calyx. 

Styrax  Wilsonii  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis  ramis  divaricatis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini 
dense  minute  stellato-pilosi,  demum  glabrescentes,  annotini  cinereo- 
brunnei,  vetustiores  obscure  grisei;  gemmae  flavo-stellato-tomentosae. 
Folia  membranacea  decidua,  rhombico-ovata  v.  ovalia  v.  obovata, 
acutiuscula  v.  obtusa,  ea  innovationum  saepe  breviter  acuminata 
acumine  obtuso,  basi  cuneata  v.  late  cuneata,  1-2.5  cm.  longa  et  7-10 
mm.  lata,  triente  inferiore  marginis  excepto  denticulata  v.  pauci- 
dentata,  ea  innovationum  saepius  grossius  angulato-dentata  et  ad  4  cm. 
longa  et  2.6  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  sparse  stellato-pilosa, 
demum  glabrescentia,  interdum  pilis  sparsis  rigidis  accumbentibus 
praedita,  subtus  albida,  dense  minuteque  stellato-tomentosa,  interdum 
ad  nervos  praesertim  in  foliis  inferioribus  pilis  fasciculatis  majusculis 
fulvis  praedita,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-6  rectis,  supra  leviter  impressis 
subtus  elevatis;  petioli  1-2  mm.  longi,  stellato-tomentosi.  Inflorescen- 
tia racemosa,  3-5-flora,  circiter  2  cm.  longa,  in  apice  ramulorum  latera- 
lium perbrevium  3-4-f oliatorum ;  pedicelli  2-3  mm.  longi;  calyx 
campanulatus,  5  mm.  longus,  3.5  mm.  diam.,  distincte  5-dentatus, 


294  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

dentibus  inaequalibus  triangulari-ovatis  acutiusculis  1-1.5  mm.  lon- 
gis  interdum  denticulatis,  extus  dense  stellato-tomentosus  et  pilis 
fasciculatis  majusculis  aurantiaco-fulvis  conspersus  ut  pedicelli  et 
axis  inflorescentiae;  intus  in  parte  inferiore  glaber,  sursum  pilis 
pauci-radiatis  unilateralibus  instructis;  corolla  in  aestivatione  imbri- 
cata,  alba,  13  mm.  longa,  lobis  oblongis  acutis  extus  intusque 
minute  stellato-tomentosis  9  mm.  longis  et  4  mm.  latis,  tubo  intus 
toto  et  extus  basin  versus  glabro;  stamina  petalis  paullo  breviora 
filamentis  basi  dilatatis,  quadrante  superiore  excepto  pilis  stellatis 
conspersis  6  mm.  longis,  antheris  lineari-oblongis  glabris  v.  margine 
pilis  perpaucis  praeditis  3.5  mm.  longis;  ovarium  dense  stellato-tomen- 
tosum,  imperfecte  triloculare  loculis  pauci-ovulatis;  stylus  corollam 
paullo  superans,  glaber.  Fructus  subglobosus,  apice  mucronulatus, 
tomentosus,  5-7  mm.  diam.,  basi  calyce  persistente  instructa;  semen 
unicum,  globoso-ovoideum,  brunneum. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1700  m.,  June, 
September  and  October  1908  (No.  884). 

A  very  distinct  species  apparently  related  to  S.  officinalis  Linnaeus  and  more 
closely  to  the  preceding  species,  but  easily  distinguished  from  all  allied  species  by 
the  small  more  or  less  dentate  leaves,  the  smaller  flowers  and  smaller  fruits.  Styrax 
Wilsonii  is  in  cultivation,  and  three  year  old  plants  flower  and  fruit  freely  when 
hardly  a  foot  high.    It  will  be  figured  in  the  July  number  of  the  Botanical  Magazine. 


ALNIPHYLLUM   Matsum. 

Alniphyllum  Fortunei   Perkins  in   Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-241,  91, 

fig.  14  (1907). 

Halesia  Fortunei  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  75  (1889). 
Alniphyllum  macranthum  Perkins  in  Bat.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  488  (1902). 
Alniphyllum  pterospermum  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  VIII.  279,  t.  2791  (pro 

parte)  (1905).  —  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Univ.  Tokyo,  XXII.  232  (pro 

parte)  (1906). 
Alniphyllum  megaphyllum  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  V. 

162  (1906). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yung-ching  Hsien,  foot  of  Mt.  Wa-wu, 
alt.  1500  m.,  September  8,  1908  (No.  2048;  tree  25  m.  high,  2  m. 
girth).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountain  forest  to  southeast,  alt.  1600 
m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10593);  Szemao,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
11608,  11957,  11957a). 

A  photograph  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  321  of  Wilson's  photographs 
and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  121. 


STYKACEAE.  —  PTEROSTYEAX  295 


PTEROSTYRAX  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Pterostyrax  corjmibosus  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  96,  t.  47 
(1835).  — De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VIII.  269  (1844).  —  Miquel  in  Ann. 
Mils.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  101  (1887);  Prol.  FL  Jap.  265  (1866-67).— 
Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.  -  241,  100,  fig.  17  (1907).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  563,  fig.  380  e-i  (1911). 

Halesia  corymbosa  Nicholson,  Did.  Gard.  II.  109  (1886).  —  Giirke  in  Engler  & 
Prantl,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  IV. -1,  177  (1891). 

Kiangsi:    Kuling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  29,  1907 

(No.  .1603;  tree  5  m.  tall).     Also  in  Japan. 

This  species  has  not  been  reported  before  from  China.  The  Kiangsi  specimen 
differs  from  the  typical  form  only  in  the  much  reduced  teeth  of  the  leaves;  the 
leaves  are  minutely  and  rather  remotely  denticulate  and  the  smaller  ones  nearly 
entire,  but  similar  forms  also  occur  in  Japan. 

Pterostyrax  hispidus  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad.  Miinch. 
IV.  3,  132  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  8)  (1846).  —  Carriere  in  Rev.  Hort. 
1875,  307,  fig.  50;  1876,  394,  fig.  83,  84.  —  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  486, 
fig.  80  (1893).  — Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  312,  fig.  202  (1889).— 
Perkins  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV. -241,  102,  fig.  18  (1907).— N.  E. 
Brown  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  8329  (1910).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  II.  484,  fig.  308  (1911). 

Pterostyrax  micranthum  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  3, 
132  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  8)  (1846).  —  Miers,  Contrib.  Bot.  I.  196  (1851- 
61). 

Halesia  hispida  Masters  in  Gard.  Chron.  II.  176,  fig.  34(1844).  —  Nicholson 
in  Diet.  Gard.  II.  110,  fig.  166  167  (1886).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour  Linn.  Sac. 
XXVI.'76  (1889).  — Giirke  in  Engler  &  Prantl,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  IV.- 
1,  176,  fig.  91  a-z  (1891).  — Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  529  (1900).— 
Shirasawa,  III.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  II.  t.  65,  fig.  1-3  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands,  alt. 
1000-2300  m..  May  and  October  1907  (No.  497,  in  part;  tree  10-16  m. 
tall,  1-2  m.  girth,  flowers  white) ;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
1300-2000  m.,  May  20,  1907  (No.  497,  in  part);  Fang  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  1600-2000  m..  May  22,  1907  (No.  497,  in  part) ;  Changyang 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  1907  (No.  497,  in  part); 
same  locality.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  671);  without  precise 
locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3774,  5595c).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Chingchi  Hsien,  mountain-side,  alt.  1300  m.,  September  16,  1908 
(No.  1 168,  in  part;  tree  15  m.  tall,  1  m.  girth);  Wa-shan,  woodlands, 


■/ 


296  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO  CHINA 

alt.  2000-2500  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  ii68,  in  part;  tree  10- 
17  m.  tall,  girth  1-2  m.,  flowers  white);  without  precise  locality,  A. 
Henry  (Nos.  5595,  55956,  5595c?,  8883);  ^Q^nch^nan,  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  2075). 

A  photograph  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  348  of  Wilson's  photographs 
and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  422. 


OLEACEAE. 

SYRINGA   L. 

Determined  by  Camillo  Schneider. 
Sect.  VULGARES  Schneid. 

Syringa  pinnatifolia  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3.  XXXIX.  68 
(1906);  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IV.  365  (1907). —  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  775  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2200-2400  m,,  October 
1910  (No.  4392;  bush  2-3  m.  high);  thickets,  rare,  alt.  2250  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  2585;  bush  2-3  m.  high,  flowers  pink);  without  precise 
locahty,  alt.  3000  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4082;  bush  2-3 
m.  high). 

Syringa  Potaninii  Schneider  in  Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  80  (1910); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  777  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Monkong  Ting,  descent  of  Hsao-chin  Ho, 
alt.  2100-2700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2583;  bush  2-3  m.  high;  flowers 
rose-purple);  Tachien-lu,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4080*). 

The  anthers  of  S.  Potaninii  are  yellow  as  in  the  nearly  allied  S.  Dielsiana  Schnei- 
der, and  not  violet  or  distinctly  rosy  as  indicated  by  me  in  the  original  description. 
The  only  hitherto  known  species  with  dark  violet  anthers  are  S.  pubescens  Turcza- 
ninow  and  S.  Julianae  Schneider.  Wilson's  specimens  seem  to  differ  from  the  type,  of 
which  I  have  not  yet  seen  matm-e  leaves,  only  in  the  larger  inflorescence  attaining 
13  cm.  in  length. 

Sect.  VILLOSAE  Schneid. 

Syringa  reflexa  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  80  (1910); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  779  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1500-2500  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  2582;  bush  2-3  m.  high,  flowers  reddish);  same  locality,  October 
1910  (No.  4460;  bush  2  -3  m.  high);  same  locality,  July  1901  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  2078). 

A  photograph  of  this  shrub  will  be  found  under  No.  092  of  Wilson's  photographs; 
it  shows  the  long  pendulous  inflorescences  which  give  the  species  such  a  very  dis- 
tinct appearance  quite  different  from  that  of  all  other  Lilacs. 

297 


298  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Syringa  Sargentiana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  5-metralis;  ramuli  juniores  glabri  v.  sub  inflorescentiis 
laxe  pubescentes,  rubro-brunnei,  lenticellis  albis  conspersi,  vetustiores 
cinerascentes;  gemmae  ovato-acutae,  apice  ramorum  ad  9  mm.  longae 
et  ad  5  mm.  latae,  glabrae  perulis  tantum  ciliatis.  Folia  anguste 
elliptica,  basi  cuneata,  apice  acuminata,  supra  viridia,  initio  sparse 
pubescentia,  deinde  tantum  ad  costam  paullo  pilosa,  subtus  cinerea, 
toto  facie  distinctius  pubescentia,  margine  ciliolata,  8-15  cm.  longa, 
3-5  cm.  lata;  petioli  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  vix  pilosi.  Inflorescentia  (teste 
Wilson)  nutans,  densiflora,  ad  17  cm.  longa  et  5-6  cm.  lata  (v. 
majores?),  laxe  pubescens;  flores  rubro-purpurei;  pedicelli  1-2  mm. 
longi,  pubescentes;  calyces  circiter  3  mm.  longi,  pubescentes,  denti- 
bus  late  triangularibus  subacutis;  tubus  corollae  10-12  mm.  longus, 
apicem  versus  dilatatus;  laciniae  corollae  ovatae,  acutae,  3  mm. 
longae,  ut  videtur  erectae;  antherae  faucem  corollae  non  superantes, 
sed  apice  attingentes.  Fructus  laevis,  acutus,  plus  minus  curvatus, 
ad  1.5  :  0.2  cm.  magnus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  1500-2000  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  2581 ;  bush  3^  m.  high,  flowers  reddish  purple) ;  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2000  m.,  November  1910 
(4304;  bush  3-4  m.  high). 

This  species  seems  nearly  related  to  S.  reflexa  Schneider,  but  differs  in  the  long 
acuminate  leaves,  the  denser  and  usually  shorter,  only  nodding,  not  pendulous 
inflorescence,  the  pubescent  calyx  and  the  not  verrucose  fruit. 

Sjninga  verrucosa  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5-i  m.  altus;  ramuli  juveniles  sub  anthesi  ut  videtur 
rubescentes  duobus  lateribus  brevissime  pilosi  (innovationes  non  vidi) , 
vetustiores  glabri,  grisei,  angulati,  valde  verrucosi.  Folia  valde  juvenilia 
(matura  desiderantur) ,  fasciculata,  brevissime  petiolata;  lamina  e 
basi  contracta  ovata,  leviter  obovata  v.  lanceolata,  acuta  v.  subacuta, 
supra  ad  nervos  breviter  pilosa  v.  glabra,  margine  ciholata,  subtus  paullo 
pallidiora,  basin  versus  ad  costam  nervosque  distincte  barbata  v.  fere 
glabra,  ad  24  :'9  v.  22 :  17  mm.  magna.  Inflorescentia  valde  juvenilis 
nondum  satis  evoluta  bracteis  foliaceis  vestita,  glabra;  flores  glaber- 
rimi.  Fructus  anni  praecedentis  ad  13  mm.  longus,  obtusus,  dis- 
tinctissime  verrucosus;  semina  non  vidi. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  summit  of  Wen-tsao  Mt., 
alt.  2300  m.,  June  5,  1907  (No.  2579;  bush  2-3  m.  high). 

This  species  seems  to  be  nearly  alUed  to  S.  yunnanensis  Franchet,  of  which 
I  have  not  yet  seen  ripe  fruits,  and  it  is  not  impossible  that  it  is  identical  with  S. 


OLEACEAE.  —  SYRINGA  299 

yunnanensis,  but  in  that  species  the  leaves  are  much  paler,  rather  whitish  beneath, 
and  the  inflorescence  is  finely  pilose.  S.  verrucosa  and  S.  yunnanensis  reqmre 
further  study. 

S3Tinga  tetanoloba  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  4-metralis;  ramuli  juniores  glaberrimi,  fusco-brunnei, 
lenticellis  minimis  flavis  sparse  obtecti;  gemmae  glabrae,  perulis 
breviter  acuminatis.  Folia  ramorum  floriferorum  e  basi  subacuta  lan- 
ceolata,  apicem  versus  acuta  v.  subacuminata,  circiter  8-9  cm.  longa, 
3-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra  viridia,  glabra,  costa  media  incisa,  subtus  pallidiora, 
basin  versus  ad  costam  barbata,  margine  minute  ciliato-denticulata 
scabra;  petioli  10-14  mm.  longi,  tantum  supra  pilosi.  Inflorescentiae 
juniores  (evolutas  non  vidi)  fere  glaberrimae,  purpurascentes;  flores 
albo  violacei?;  pedicelli  1-2  mm.  longi,  plerumque  glaberrimi;  calyx 
circiter  2  mm.  longus,  glaberrimus,  margine  truncatus  v.  subdenticu- 
latus;  tubus  corollae  8-9 (-10)  mm.  longus,  laciniae  3-6  mm.  longae, 
angusto-lanceolatae,  obtusiusculae,  post  anthesin  explanatae  (an 
reflexae?).     Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  toward  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  3600-4000 
m.,  August  1910  (No.  4569). 

Though  the  specimen  is  rather  meagre,  this  form  can  be  readily  distinguished 
from  S.  Sweginzowii  Koeline  &  Lingelsheim  and  from  all  the  other  species  of  this 
group  by  the  extremely  long  lobes  of  the  corolla. 

Syringa  Rehderiana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  6-metralis  ut  videtur  robustus;  ramuli  juniores  vetustiores- 
que  dense  cano-tomentelli.  Folia  ramorum  sterilium  e  basi  rotundata 
late  elliptica,apice  breviter  acuta  v.  subacuminata,  supra  intense  viridia, 
laxe  puberula,  subtus  cinerea,  distinctius  sed  baud  dense  pubescentia, 
praesertim  ad  nervos  barbata,  margine  ciliata,  8-10  cm.  longa,  3.5-5 
cm.  lata,  ramulorum  floriferum  ut  videtur  plus  minus  lanceolata; 
petioli  breves,  6-10  mm.  longi,  hirsuti.  Inflorescentia  magna,  ad 
17  cm.  longa  et  14  cm.  lata,  cano-tomentella  v.  breve  hirsuta;  flores 
albi;  pedicelli  subhirsuti,  calycibus  tantum  infra  mediam  pilosis  mar- 
gine truncatis  vix  denticulatis  1-1.5  mm.  longis  breviores;  tubus 
corollae  circiter  10  mm.  longus,  apicem  versus  vix  dilatatus;  laciniae 
corollae  post  anthesin  explanatae  et  reflexae,  circa  2  mm.  longae,  ovato- 
obtusae;  antherae  superiori  parte  tubi  insertae,  sed  faucem  corollae 
baud  attingentes.    Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  northeast  of  Tachicn-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3000- 
4000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1273';  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 


300  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

This  seems  to  be  an  extremely  beautiful  shrub,  most  nearly  related  to  S.  tomen- 
tella  Franchet,  but  the  dense  pubescence  of  the  branches  and  the  very  short  petioled 
broad  elUptic  leaves  distinguish  S.  Rehderiana  at  once  from  the  allied  species. 

Syringa  tomentella  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  103  (April 
1891).  —  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rev.  Nov.  Sp.  II.  81  (1910);  III.  Handh. 
Lauhholzk.  II.  782,  fig.  489  a,  490  i-k  (1911). 

Syringa  velutina  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  Rev.  Hort.  1891,  308,  333  (non  Koma- 

row)  (July  1891). 
Syringa  Emodi  var.  pilosissima  Schneider  in  Wien.  III.  Garten-Zeit.  XXVIII. 

107  (1903). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  3700  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2584;  bush  1.5-3  m.,  high,  flowers 
rose-pink);  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  1273''; 
bush  4-5  m.  high,  flowers  white  or  pink);  same  locality,  October  1910 
(No.  4408;  bush  3-5  m.  high). 

Wilson 's  specimens  differ  from  typical  S.  tomentella  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  their 
glabrous  calyx  and  less  hairy  inflorescence,  and  approach  in  this  respect  S.  Wilsonii 
Schneider,  but  are  easily  distinguished  from  that  species  by  the  pubescent  lower 
surface  of  the  leaves. 

Syringa  Wilsonii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-7-metralis;  ramuli  glabri,  lenticellis  albidis  conspersi; 
gemmae  ovato-acutae,  glabrae,  terminales  8  mm.  longae  et  4.5  mm. 
latae.  Foha  membranacea,  elliptico-lanceolata  v.  elHptico-ovata, 
acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  in  petiolum  decurrentia,  rarius  fere  rotun- 
data,  6-12  longa,  2.5-6  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia  glabra,  subtus 
tantum  versus  basin  secus  costam  nervosque  laxe  villosa;  petioli 
circiter  1  cm.  longi,  glabri  v.  fere  glabri.  Inflorescentia  terminalis  ad 
15  cm.  longa  et  ad  10  cm.  lata,  glabra  v.  fere  glabra  pedicellis  tantum 
breviter  sparse  pilosis;  flores  albi  v.  lilacini;  calyx  glaber  v.  basi  tantum 
sparse  pilosulus,  1.5  mm.  longus,  fere  truncatus  v.  4-dentatus  dentibus 
brevibus  obtusis;  corollae  tubus  8-10  mm.  longus,  apicem  versus 
breviter  dilatatus,  laciniae  oblongae,  4-5  mm.  longae,  demum  patentes 
et  reflexae;  antherae  f aucem  baud  attingentes,  paUidae;  stylus  4  mm. 
longus.  Fructus  16  mm.  longus,  acutus,  apicem  versus  distincte 
verrucosus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-Iu,  thickets,  alt.  2500-3300  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  1273). 

Closely  allied  to  S.  tomentella  Franchet  which  differs  chiefly  in  the  pubescent 
inflorescence,  the  pubescent  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  and  in  the  nearly  smooth 
fruit  13-14  mm.  long. 


OLE  ACEAE .  —  STRING  A  301 

Syringa  Komarowii  Schneider  in  Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  82  (1910); 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  783  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1800-2G00  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  1217;  bush  2-5  m.  high;  flowers  deep  rose-pink);  same 
locality,  alt.  2600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4407);  Nin-tou-shan,  alt. 
2200-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2580,  bush  3-4  m.  high,  flowers  reddish- 
purple). 

The  fruit,  which  has  not  yet  been  described,  is  12-14  mm.  long,  obtuse  or 
sometimes  mucronulate  and  nearly  smooth. 

The  following  descriptions  and  notes  are  based  on  material  not  collected  during 
the  Arnold  Arboretum  Expedition. 

Syringa  microphylla  Diels,  var.  glabriuscula  Schneider,  n.  var. 
A  typo  calycibus  glabriusculis  v.  glabris  fere  edentatis  differt. 
Northern  Hupeh:  Mt.  Miao-uan-san,  1898, //u^/i  *ScaiZan  (in  part;  part  of  the 
specimens  consists  of  typical  S.  microphylla). 

Syringa  Meyeri  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  habitu  ut  videtur  S.  pubesceniis;  ramuli  juniores  quadrangulati  vetusti- 
oresque  minute  pubescentes;  folia  ovato-eUiptica  v.  pauUo  obovalia  utrinque 
acuta  V.  apice  obtusiuscula,  supra  viridia,  glaberrima,  subtus  vix  pallidiora,  versus 
basin  ad  nervos  pubescentia,  margine  ciliata,  2-5  cm.  longa  et  1.8-3  cm.  lata,  nervia 
lateraUbus  utrinque  2  apicem  versus  currentibus;  petioh  5  ad  11  mm.  longi,  ramu- 
lorum  modo  pilosi.  Inflorescentia  eae  S.  pubesceniis  simillima,  interdum  basi 
foliis  non  satis  evolutis  instructa,  ramulis  minute  pubescentibus;  flores  violacei, 
longe  tubulosi;  pedicelli  vix  1  mm.  longi,  puberuli;  calyx  violaceus,  circiter  1.5 
mm.  longus,  glaber,  brevidentatus;  tubus  corollae  15-16  mm.  longus,  apicem  versus 
vix  dilatatus;  laciniae  corollae  ad  4  mm.  longae,  acutae,  explanatae;  antherae 
fere  6  mm.  infra  faucem  corollae  tubo  insertae,  ut  videtur  violaceae.  Fructus 
ignotus. 

NorthernChina:  introduced  by  F.  N.  Meyer  and  distributed  by  the  U.  S.  Dept. 
of  Agriculture  under  No.  23032;  cultivated  at  the  Arnold  T^xboretum;  June  1910 
(Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

This  species  is  very  closely  allied  to  S.  pubescens  Turczaninow,  but  differs  in 
the  longer  tube  of  the  corolla,  the  minutely  but  distinctly  puberulous  branches  and 
in  the  different  venation  of  the  leaves.  I  am  in  doubt  whether  the  anthers  are  violet 
as  in  S.  pubescens  or  rose  as  in  S.  Potaninii. 

Syringa  Sweginzowii  Koehne  &  Lingelsheim  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VIII.  9 
(1910).  — Koehne  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XIX.  112,  fig.  8a  (1910).  —Schnei- 
der, III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  780,  fig.  487 a-c,  490  a^  (1911). 

Western  China:  without  precise  locaUty,  ravines,  alt.  5400  m.,  June  1904, 
E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4080). 

From  typical  S.  Sweginzowii,  of  which  the  native  country  is  still  unknown,  Wil- 
son's specimen  differs  only  in  the  leaves  being  quite  glabrous  beneath,  in  the  dis- 
tinctly but  minutely  puberulous  inflorescence  and  branchlets  and  in  the  nearly 
truncate  calyx,  otherwise  I  can  find  no  difference. 


302  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO  CHINA 

FORSYTHIA  Vahl. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Forsythia  suspensa  Vahl,  Enum.  I.  39  (1804).  — Siebold  &  Zuc- 
carini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  12,  t.  3  (1835).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXII.  82  (1889). 

Syringa  suspensa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  19  (1784). 

Liilac  perpensa  Lamarck,  Encycl.  Meth.  III.  513  (1788). 

Forsythia  Fortuni  Lindley  in  Gard.  Chron.  1864,  12. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  moors  and  cliffs, 
alt.  300-1000  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (No.  637,  in  part);  near 
Ichang,  cliffs,  alt.  300-500  m.,  June  11,  1907  (No.  637,  in  part); 
Chang-yang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1200  m.,  May  1907  (No.  637, 
in  part). 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  somewhat  from  the  cultivated  Chinese  form  (F.  sus- 
pensa, var.  Fortunei  Rehder)  in  the  intense  purple  color  of  young  branchlets  and 
the  purpUsh  hue  of  the  young  unfolding  foUage. 

Forsythia  suspensa,  f.  pubescens  Rehder,  n.  forma. 

A  F.  suspensa,  var,  Fortunei  recedit  foliis  utrinque  et  petiolis  mol- 
liter  pubescentibus.  Hamuli  glabri,  hornotini  purpurei;  foha  ellip- 
tico-ovata,  saepissime  trifoliolata. 

Raised  with  the  typical  glabrous  form  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum  from  seed  col- 
lected by  Wilson  and  distributed  under  No.  637.i 

^  Another  Chinese  form  which  seems  to  merit  a  distinctive  name  is  the  following: 

Forsythia  suspensa,  var.  latifolla  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Shantung:  Po-shan,  very  rare,  September  1907,  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  263). 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  late  ovatis  omnibus  simplicibus  (semper?)  acutis,  basi  rotun- 
datis,  grossius  serratis,  inferioribus  saepe  apice  rotundatis  basi  fere  subcordatis, 
3-6  cm.  longis  et  2.5-4.5  cm.  latis,  capsulis  latioribus,  15-18  mm.  longis  et  8-10  mm. 
latis,  brevius  acimainatis. 

This  variety  resembles  in  its  always,  or  at  least  mostly,  undivided  leaves  F.  sus- 
pensa, var.  Sieboldii  Zabel,  but  it  seems  to  be  a  more  robust,  upright  growing  shrub. 


BIGNONIACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

CAMPSIS  Lour. 

Campsis  chinensis  Voss,  Vilmorin's  Blumengdrt.  ed.  3,  801  (1896). — 

Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  II.  623,  fig.  402  f.  (1911). 

Bignonia  chinensis  Lamarck,  Encycl.  Meth.  1.  423  (1783). 

Bignonia  grandiflora  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  253  (1784). 

Campsis  adrepens  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  II.  377  (1790). 

Tecoma  grandiflora  Loiseleur-Deslongchamps,  Herb.  Amat.  V.  t.  286  (1821).  — 

Planchon  in  Fl.  des  Serres  XI.  103,  t.  1124,  1125  (1856). 
Tecoma  chinensis  K.  Koch,  Dendr.  II.  307  (1872). 
Campsis  grandiflora  Schumann  in  Engler  &  Prantl,  Natiirl.  Pflanzenfam.  IV., 

3b.  230  (1894). 

Kiangsi:  plain  of  Kiukiang,  alt.  100  m.,  August  2,  1907  (No.  1563; 
climber,  6  m.  or  more  high,  on  trees,  flowers  terracotta  color).  Hupeh: 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  1535). 

AMPHICOME  Royle. 

Amphicome  arguta  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXIV.  t.  19  (1838).  — 
Bureau  Monogr.  Bignon.  Atlas,  26,  t.  24  (1864).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker 
f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  IV.  385  (1885).— Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris, 
s6v.  2,  X.  63  {PI.  David.  II.  101)  (1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb. 
XXIX.  577  (1901). 

Incarvillea  (Amphicome)  arguta  Royle,  III.  Bot.  Himal.  296  (1839). 
Incarvillea  diffusa  Royle,  III.  Bot.  Himal.  t.  72,  fig.  1  (1839). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  valley,  dry  arid  places,  alt.  1000-1700 
m.,  May  24,  1908  (No.  2042;  sub-shrub,  60-90  cm.,  flowers  rose-pink). 

This  plant  is  only  suflfruticose  and  can  hardly  be  called  a  woody  plant.  The 
calyx  in  Wilson's  specimen  has  rather  short  teeth  and  rounded  sinuses;  the  corolla 
is  large,  measuring  3.5-4  cm.  in  length. 

CATALPA  Scop. 

Catalpa  ovata  G.  Don,  Gen.  Sijst.  IV.  230  (1837).  —  Lavall^e,  Icon. 
Arb,  Segrez.  33,  t.  10  (1880). 

303 


304  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Bignonia  Catalpa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  251  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784). 

Catalpa  bignonioides,  /3?  Kaetnpferi  De  CandoUe,  Prodr.  IX.  226  (1845). 

Catalpa  Kaempferi  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  3,  142 
{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  18)  (1846).  —  Lemaire  in  III.  Hort.  IX.  t.  319 
(1862).  — Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CVIII.  t.  6611  (1882). 

Catalpa  Henryi  Dode  in  Bull.  Soc.  Dendr.  France,  1907,  199,  fig.  D,  E. 

Hup  eh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  common,  alt.  600-1000  m., 
October  1907  (No.  2198,  in  part);  Chang-lo-Hsien,  in  woods,  common, 
alt.  800  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2198,  in  part);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  common, 
June  1907  (No.  2198,  in  part;  tree  6-14  m.,  1-1.60  m.  circumference, 
flowers  white);  Paokang  Hsien,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1631; 
tree  7-30  m.).  Shantung:  Lau-shan,  August  1907,  F.  N.  Meyer 
(No.  296). 

The  native  habitat  of  C.  ovata  is  apparently  central  China,  where  Wilson  found 
it  common  in  the  margins  of  woods  and  more  especially  in  the  open  country  of 
Hupeh.  Until  recently  it  was  generally  considered  a  native  of  Japan,  where  it  was 
first  discovered  by  Kaempfer  and  whence  it  was  introduced  into  Europe  in  1849, 
but  we  know  now  that  it  was  brought  about  the  beginning  of  the  Christian  era  by 
priests  of  Buddha  from  China  to  Japan  and  there  much  planted  around  temples  (c/. 
Sargent,  Silva  N.  Am.  VI.  84).  I  am  not  able  to  find  any  reUable  character  to 
distinguish  C.  Henryi  Dode  from  the  cultivated  form  of  C.  ovata. 

Catalpa  Duclouxii  Dode  in  Bull  Soc.  Dendr.  France,  1907,  201,  fig. 
Catalpa  sutchuenensis  Dode  I.  c.  204,  fig. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  alt.  1000  m.,  May  1907 
(No.  640,  in  part;  tree  12-16  m.,  flowers  very  light  purple  with  yellow 
throat);  without  locality,  alt.  900  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  4289;  tree  8-13  m.,  flowers  white  suffused  and  spotted  with  pink). 
Eastern  Szech'uan:  South  Wushan,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
976;  tree  7-16  m.).  Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  open  country, 
alt.  1200-1400  m.,  May  24  and  October  1907  (No.  640  in  part;  tree 
18-16  m.,  circumference  0.60-1.60  m.,  flowers  rose-pink  with  orange 
markings  in  throat);  without  locality,  A.  Henry. 

Catalpa  Duclouxii,  originally  based  on  specimens  from  Yunnan,  and  C.  sutchuenen- 
sis are  considered  by  Dode  as  two  distinct  species,  the  first  characterized  by  a  corym- 
bose inflorescence  and  grouped  therefore  with  C.  ovata  D.  Don,  and  the  second  by  a 
racemose  inflorescence  and  grouped  with  C.  Bungei  C.  A.  Meyer.  There  are, 
however,  no  other  differences  between  these  two  supposed  species;  the  leaves  and 
also  the  flowers  are  exactly  aUke  and  the  infloresences  differ  only  in  this,  that  in  C. 
sutchuenensis  the  branches  of  the  2-6-flowered  inflorescences  are  all  simple,  while 
in  C.  Duclouxii  the  lower  branches  of  the  6-16-flowered  inflorescences  bear  2  or  3 
flowers,  but  one  kind  of  inflorescence  merges  gradually  into  the  other.  No.  640 
from  Ching-chi  Hsien  and  No.  4289  have  the  many-flowered  inflorescence  of  typi- 
cal C.  Duclouxii,  while  No.  640  from  Fang  Hsien  have  all  the  lateral  axes  of  the 
inflorescence  simple;  the  other  numbers  are  more  or  less  intermediate.    It  is  possible 


BIGNONIACEAE.  —  CATALPA  305 

even  to  go  farther  and  consider  C.  Duclouxii  only  a  glabrous  variety  of  C.  Fargesii 
Bureau,  which  agrees  with  it  in  almost  every  character  except  in  the  pubescence 
and  perhaps  in  the  somewhat  stouter  capsules. 

A  photograph  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  0192  of  Wilson's  photographs. 

Catalpa  Fargesii  Bureau  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6t.  2,  VII. 
195,  t.  3  (1894). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  open  country,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
May  25,  June  and  November  1907  (No.  636;  tree  6-22  m.,  circum- 
ference 1-1.60  m.,  flowers  rosy-purple);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  rare,  alt. 
1300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  748;  tree  7-13  m.,  circumference  .60-1.60  m., 
flowers  bright  rosy-purple);  same  locality,  June  7,  1910  (No.  4556; 
tree  17-20  m.,  flowers  rosy-pink).  Szech'uan:  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  5856*). 

Catalpa  Fargesii  shows  considerable  variation  in  the  density  of  its  pubescence; 
while  No.  748  has  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  densely  yellowish  tomentose, 
No.  636  is  only  pubescent  and  No.  5856*^  is  only  shghtly  pubescent  on  the  under 
side  of  the  leaves  and  forms  a  transition  to  the  preceding  species.  A  closely  related 
Bpecies  or  possibly  only  a  variety  is  C.  vestita  Diels,  which  differs  in  its  smaller 
flowers  and  smaller  leaves  whitish  tomentose  beneath.  Seeds  of  this  species  col- 
lected by  Wilson  have  been  distributed  erroneously  under  the  name  of  C.  vestita, 
while  those  of  C.  Duclouxii  have  been  sent  out  as  C.  Fargesii. 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE.i 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

SAMBUCUS   L} 

Sambucus  Wightiana  Wallich  apud  Wight  &  Arnott,  Prodr.  Fl. 
Ind.  I.  388  (1834).  — Walpers,  Rep.  II.  453  (1843). —  Hutchinson  in 
Kew  Bull  Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  192  (1909).— Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  27  (1909). 

Sambucus  Wightiana  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  6308  (nomen  nudum  )(1828). 
Sambucus  Ebulus  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  II.   179  (not 

Linnaeus)    (1858).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  2  (1880).  — 

Brandis,  Indian  Trees,  364  (1906). 
Sambucus  Gautschii  Wettstein  in  Oestr.  Bot.  Zeitschr.  XL.  230  (1890). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  moist  places,  abundant,  alt.  1800- 
2700  m.,  June  16,  1910  (No.  4490;  about  1  m.  tall,  flowers  white). 
Western  Himalayas:  Kishtwar,  alt.  2000-3000  m.,  T.  Thomson 
(as  S.  Ebulus). 

Wilson's  specimen  agrees  exactly  with  Thomson's  specimen  from  Kishtwar;  the 
upper  leaflets  are  adnate  at  the  base  and  decurrent  in  both  specimens.  From  S. 
adnata  Wallich  it  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  long-peduncled,  leafless  and  glabrous 
inflorescence  and  by  the  coarser  more  spreading  teeth  of  the  leaflets. 

Sambucus  Schweriniana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Suifrutex  ut  videtur,  1-1.5  m.  altus  ramis  herbaceis,  glabris,  striatis. 
Folia  (ea  ramuU  fructiferi  tantum  vidi)  impari-pinnata,  glabra,  laete 
luteo-viridia,  concoloria,  10-14  cm.  longa;  foliola  5-7,  oblongo-lanceo- 
lata,  rarius  elliptico-oblonga  v.  oblongo-ovata,  acuminata,  basi  valde 
inaequalia,  inferiora  petiolata  petiolulis  ad  5  mm.  longis,  superiora 
rhachi  adnata  et  decurrentia,  serrata  dentibus  erecto-patentibus  apice 
glandula  conica  munitis,  nervis  utrinsecus  7-11  utrinque  leviter  ele- 
vatis  curvatis;  petioli  ut  rhachis  glabri,  1.5-2.5  cm.  longi;  stipulae 
subulatae,  circiter  5  mm.  longae.  Corymbus  fructifer  umbeHiformis, 
fere  planus,  longe  pedunculatus  pedunculo  9  cm.  longo  nudo  apicem 
versus  puberulo,  radiis  5  valde  inaequalibus,  puberulis  v.  sursum  ut 

^  See  also  p.  106. 
306 


C  APRIFOLIACE  AE .  —  S  AMBUCUS  307 

pedicelli  breviter  hispidulis;  pedicelli  1-3  mm.  longi.  Fructus  salmoneo 
ruber,  subglobosus,  calycis  dentibus  erectis  persistentibus  coronatus, 
circiter  3  mm.  diam.,  trispermus;  semina  late  ovoidea,  leviter  com- 
pressa,  1.7  mm.  longa  et  1.5  mm.  lata,  laevia,  luteo-albida. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Sungpan,  alt.  2300-2700  m.,  August  1910 
(No.  4020). 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  S.  Wightiana  Wallich,  which  is  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  the  ovoid  fruits,  the  trigonous  oblong-ovoid,  rugose  seeds,  scarcely 
1  mm.  in  diameter,  and  by  the  larger  leaflets.  In  the  smooth  roundish  light-colored 
seeds  S.  Schweriniana  differs  from  all  the  other  allied  species. 

The  two  preceding  Sambucus  belong  to  a  group  of  apparently  much  confused 
species.  As  the  conclusions  I  arrived  at  after  a  study  of  copious  material  differ  in 
several  respects  from  the  treatment  of  these  species  by  other  writers,  I  add  here  a 
complete  account  of  the  three  other  species  of  this  group  with  remarks  on  their  rela- 
tionship and  affinities. 

Sambucus  javanica  Reinwardt  apud  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind. 
657  (1825).— De  Candolle,  Prodr.  IV.  322  (1830).  — G.  Don,  Gen. 
Syst.  III.  437  (1834).  — Hasskarl  in  Flora,  XXVIII.  1,  243  (1845).— 
Miquel,  Fl.  Ind.  Bat.  II.  124  (1856).  —  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour. 
Linn.  Soc.  II.  180  (pro  parte)  (1858).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit. 
Ind.  III.  2  (pro  parte)  (1882).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII. 
348  (1888).  — Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  41  (pro 
parte)  (1909). 

Sambucus  canadensis  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  126  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784). 
Sambucus  chinensis  Lindley  in  Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  VI.  297   (1826).  — 

De  Candolle,  Prodr.  IV.  322   (1830).  —  Hance  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  5, 

V.  217  (1866);  in  Jour.  Bot.  VII.  295  (1869);  XII.  260  (1874). 
Sambucus  Thunbergii  G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  III.  438  (1834). 
Sambucus   Thunbergiana   Blume   apud    Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bot.  II. 

265  (1865-66);    Prol.  Fl.  Jap.   153   (1866-67).  —  Kurz,    Forest  Fl.  But. 

Burma,  II.  3  (1877). 
Sambucus  racemosa  Tanaka,  Useful  PI.  Jap.  115,  fig.  433  (non  Linnaeus)  (1895). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
August  1907  (No.  2520;  sub-shrub  1.20-2  m.  high,  flowers  white,  fruits 
red);  without  precise  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1261*); 
Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  1694);  Nan-t'o  and  mountains  to  northward, 
A.  Henry  (No.  2007);  Patung  district,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  2537,  2388). 
Kiangsi:  Kuling,  abundant,  alt.  1000  m.,  July  29,  1907  (No.  1730; 
sub-shrub,  (1.20-2  m.  high;  flowers  white).  Chekiang:  Ningpo, 
1908,  D.  Macgregor.  Kwangtung;  Canton,  1869,  H.  F.  Hance. 
Yunnan:  Mi-le  district,  A.  Henry  (No.  9924);  Szemao,  southern 
mts.,  alt.  1500  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  12809,  12340).  Formosa:  Kelung 
and  Hainan,  C.  Ford;  without  locality,  U.  Oldham  (No.  202);  Tamsui, 


d05  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

A.  Henry  (No.  1747);   South  Cape,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  214,  921);   Ban 
kinsing,  A.  Henry  (No.  553).     Assam:    Kashia  Mts.,  alt.  1500  m., 
J.  D.  Hooker  &  T.  Thomson.    Also  in  Japan  {Blume,  Oldham,  Maximo- 
wicz,  Faurie,  Watanahe),  Liu-kiu  Islands  (C  Wright),  Philippine  Islands 
(Elmer),  Java  (Horsfield). 

This  is  a  very  widely  distributed  species  ranging  from  the  Malayan  Archipelago 
to  central  Japan  and  western  China  and  has  also  been  found  in  eastern  Africa.  It 
is  characterized  by  the  slender  pedicelled  flowers,  the  presence  of  conspicuous 
abortive  flowers  and  the  very  wide  and  loose  inflorescence  with  the  longer  rays  sub- 
thyrsoid;  like  the  two  preceding  species  it  has  red  fruits  and  shows  the  tendency 
to  have  the  upper  leaflets  more  or  less  adnate  to  the  rhachis  and  sometimes  de- 
current.  The  Chinese  form  is  usually  quite  glabrous  and  certainly  has  red  fruits, 
as  the  specimens  with  rijie  fruits  show  and  as  it  is  stated  by  Hance;  the  form  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  and  of  Java  has  usually  a  puberulous  inflorescence  and  the  leaves 
generally  more  or  less  pubescent  on  the  veins;  its  fruit  is  described  by  Miquel  and 
Hasskarl  as  greenish,  by  Junghuhn  as  yellow.  In  all  other  characters,  however, 
the  two  forms  agree  perifectly  and  it  does  not  seem  possible  to  separate  them  spe- 
cifically. 

The  two  following  species,  which  are  not  represented  in  the  Wilson  collection, 
occur  in  the  Himalayas,  and  one  of  them  also  in  China. 

Sambucus  adnata  Wallich  apud  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  IV.  322  (1830).  —  Hooker 
f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  180  (1858).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit. 
Ind.  III.  3  (1882).  — Brandis,  Indian  Trees,  364  (1906).  —  Hutchinson  in  Kew 
Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  193  (1909).  —  Schwerin  m  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges. 
XVIII.  41  (1909). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-4000  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No. 
122).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  north  mts.  forests,  alt.  2500  m.,  A.  Hcnnj  (No.  10772). 
Tibet:  Chumbi,  June  27,  1878,  Dungboo  (Herb.  Hort.  Bot.  Calcutt.).  Sikkim: 
alt.  2000-3500  m.,  J.  D.  Hooker. 

This  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  S.  Wightiana  Wallich,  from  which  it 
differs  chiefly  in  the  pubescent  inflorescence  with  the  rays  subtended  by  leaves  or 
bracts.  From  S.  javanica  it  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  absence  of  the  aborted 
flowers  and  the  smaller  and  denser  pubescent  inflorescence.  Sambucus  adnata  has 
also  been  reported  from  eastern  Africa,  but  its  occurrence  there  is  not  at  all  prob- 
able; very  likely  specimens  of  S.  javanica  with  partly  adnate  leaflets  have  been 
erroneously  determined  as  S.  adnata. 

Sambucus  Hookeri  Rehder,  n.  sp. 
Sambucus  javanica  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  180  (pro 
parte,  non  Reinwardt)  (1858).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III. 
2  (pro  parte)  (1882.  —  Brandis,  Indian  Trees,  364  (pro  parte)  (1906).  — 
Hutchinson  ii  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  193  (pro  parte)  (1909).  — 
Schwerin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVIII.  41  (pro  parte)  (1909). 

A  specie  affini  S.  javanica  Reinwardt  praecipue  recedit  floribus  sessilibus  v. 
breviter  pedicellatis,  floribus  sterilibus  minoribus,  inflorescentia  pubescente, 
foliolis  majoribus  latioribusque  ad  16  cm.  longis  et  ad  6.5  cm.  latis,  grossius  ser- 
ratis  dentibus  patentibus  fere  triangularibus,  fructu  nigro  (teste  Hooker). 

Sikkim:  alt.  1000-2000  m.,  J.  D.  Hooker  (type);  without  locality,  October 
10,  1868,  S.  Kurz;  September  16,  1876,  G.  King.  Assam:  Santung,  May  1895 
(Flora  of  Assam,  No.  11660);  Sadija,  June  1898,  Train's  collector. 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  S.  javanica  Reinwardt,  but  it  differs  considerably 
in. its  sessile  or  nearly  sessile  flowers  and  in  the  larger  and  broader  leaflets  with 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE  —  VIBURNUM  309 

spreading,  coarser  and  shorter  teeth;  the  very  wide  and  loose  inflorescence  is 
densely  and  finely  pubescent  and  the  aborted  flowers  are  smaller  and  fewer;  ripe 
fruit  I  have  not  seen,  but  according  to  Hooker,  Hutchinson  and  others  the  fruit 
is  black;  even  if  the  color  of  the  fruit  should  be  incorrectly  stated,  the  other 
characters  are  sufficient  to  separate  it  from  S.  javanica. 

All  the  species  enumerated  above  form  a  group  of  closely  related  species  charac- 
terized by  the  valvate  aestivation  of  the  corolla,  the  sufTruticose  stems  and  the  ten- 
dency of  the  upper  leaflets  to  be  adnate  to  the  rachis.  On  account  of  the  aestivation 
of  the  corolla  and  of  the  sufTruticose  habit  they  are  best  referred  to  the  section 
Ebulus,  though  they  differ  from  the  type  of  this  section  in  their  spreading  stamens 
with  yellow  anthers,  smaller  flowers  and  smaller  fruits  red  or  yellowish,  except  in 
S.  Hookeri,  which  is  described  as  black-fruited.  On  the  presence  of  abortive  flowers 
in  one  of  the  species  Miquel  based  his  section  Scyphidanthe,  which  was  erroneously 
placed  by  Fritsch  and  by  Schworin  as  a  subsection  in  the  section  Eusamhucus 
in  which  the  aestivation  of  the  corolla  is  imbricate.  I  agree  with  Hance  that  the 
presence  of  abortive  flowers  is  hardly  a  sufficient  character  upon  which  to  base  a 
section,  and  Scyphidanthe  therefore  should  be  merged  into  the  section  Ebulus. 
Of  the  six  species  of  this  section  S.  Ebulus  L.  stands  quite  by  itself  on  account  of 
its  larger  flowers,  upright  stamens  with  violet  anthers  and  of  its  rather  large  purplish- 
black  fruits  and  always  distinct  leaflets.  A  second  group  is  formed  by  S.  Wighti- 
ana,  S.  Schwcriniana  and  S.  adnata,  similar  in  habit  to  S.  Ebulus,  but  differing 
in  the  smaller  flowers,  spreading  stamens  with  yellow  anthers,  red  fruits  (finally 
black  in  S.  Wightiana)  and  usually  adnate  upper  leaflets.  The  third  group  com- 
prises S.  javanica  and  S.  Hookeri  and  is  characterized  by  the  presence  of  abortive 
flowers  and  by  the  very  wide  and  loose  inflorescence  with  the  rays  partly  sub- 
thyrsoid,  while  in  its  other  characters  this  group  is  nearest  to  the  second  group. 

Sambucus  Sieboldiana  Blume.     See  p.  106. 

The  Nos.  4020  and  4490  referred  (p.  106)  erroneously  to  S.  Sieboldiana  represent 
S.  Wightiana  Wallich  and  S.  Schweriniana  Rehder, 

VIBURNUM   L.i 

Vibixmum  brachybotryum  Hemsley.    See  p.  108. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  10065,  10065a); 
Szemao,  southeastern  forests,  alt.  1700  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  12790, 
12790a). 

Henry's  specimens  present  apparently  the  normal  development  of  the  inflores- 
cence, which  is  borne  on  very  short  spurs  lateral  on  two  year  old  branches,  without 
any  leaves  at  the  base,  and  only  with  caducous  scales.  The  very  loose  and  lax  appar- 
ently pendulous  inflorescence  is,  including  the  1.5-7  cm.  long  peduncle,  10-22  cm. 
long  and  10-15  cm.  wide;  the  name  V.  brachybotnjxim  therefore  seems  very  inap- 
propriate for  this  species,  which  has  one  of  the  largest  inflorescences  in  the  whole 
genus.  It  is  highly  interesting  that  Henry's  specimens  show  conclusively  that 
V.  brachybotryum  has  indeed  dioecious  flowers;  Nos.  10065  and  12790  represent  the 
pistillate  and  Nos.  10065a  and  12790a  the  staminate  plant.  In  the  pistillate  flowers 
the  corolla-lobes  are  spreading  as  they  are  in  the  staminate  flower,  and  also  in  the 
shape  of  the  inflorescence  the  two  sexes  are  alike  except  that  the  staminate  inflores- 
cence is  generally  somewhat  larger  and  laxer. 

1  Sec  also  p.  108. 


310  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Viburnum  rhytidophyllum  Hemsley.    See  p.  110. 

Callicarpa  vastifoUa  Diela  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  547  (1900). 

Callicarpa  vastifoUa,  based  upon  branches  without  flowers  or  fruits,  is  nothing  but 
V.  rhytidophyllum.  The  foHage  agrees  exactly  and  even  the  bud  of  the  inflorescence 
for  the  following  year  can  be  discerned  between  the  terminal  pair  of  leaves,  while 
in  Callicarpa  the  corymbs  are  axillary  and  their  buds  are  not  formed  the  year 
before. 

Viburniun  brevipes  Rehder.    See  p.  113. 

Descriptioni  1.  c.  adder  Folia  .  .  .  oblongo-ovata  v.  rhombico- 
elliptica.  .  .  .  Corymbus  3.5-5  cm.  diam.,  pedunculo  1-1.5  cm.  longo 
fasciculato-piloso  insidens,  radiis  plerumque  5  fasciculato-pilosis, 
bracteis  caducis  3-4  mm.  longis  extus  sparse  pilosis;  flores  breviter 
pedicellati,  in  radiis  plerumque  tertii  ordinis;  calyx  dense  fasciculato- 
pilosus,  tube  oblongo-ovoideo  circiter  1  mm.  longo,^  dentibus  ovatis 
quadrantem  tubi  aequantibus;  corolla  rotata,  4  mm.  diam.,  alba, 
extus  pilosa,  lobis  rotundatis  minute  glanduloso-ciliatis  tubo  paullo 
longioribus;  stamina  corollam  aequantia,  antheris  ovalibus,  in  sicco 
fusco-flavis;  stylus  crassus,  calycis  dentes  superans,  stigmate  leviter 
trilobato. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1700  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  447*). 

The  flowering  specimens  of  V.  brevipes  had  been  misplaced  and  were  found  after 
the  description  drawn  up  from  the  fruiting  specimens  had  been  published.  The 
leaves  of  the  flowering  specimen  differ  slightly  in  being  generally  rhombic-elliptic 
and  only  4-5  cm.  long,  also  the  glands  on  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves  are  not 
as  copious.  Wilson's  No.  944,  referred  provisionally  to  this  species,  does  not  belong 
here,  but  is  very  near  V.  dilatatum  Thunberg  and  probably  referable  to  that  species. 

I  take  the  opportunity  to  add  here  the  descriptions  of  two  new  Chinese  species 
and  a  new  variety. 

Viburnum  calvum  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis,  glaberrimus;  ramuli  homotini  ut  videtur  purpurascentes, 
vetustiores  flavescentes;  gemmae  ut  videtur  perulis  2  exterioribus.  Folia  coriacea 
persistentia,  ovalia  v.  ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  apice  obtusa  mucronata,  basi  late 
cuneata,  margine  Integra  v.  interdum  denticulis  paucis  instructa,  3-6  cm.  longa 
et  1.5-2.8  cm.  lata,  supra  atro-viridia,  subnitentia,  subtus  pallidiora,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  6-8  anastomosantibus  ut  costa  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis,  venulorum 
reticulo  supra  impresso  subtus  obsoleto;  petioli  6-12  mm.  longi,  lutescentes  ut 
costa  subtus.  Inflorescentia  umbellata,  circiter  3  cm.  diam.,  glabra,  pedunculo 
circiter  1.5  cm.  longo  insidens,  5-radiata;  flores  in  radiis  primi  v.  secundi  ordinis, 
brevissime  pedicellati;  calyx  1.5  mm.  altus,  2  mm.  diam.,  tubo  turbinato,  dentibus 
late  triangularibus  latioribus  quam  longis;  corolla  rotata  5  mm.  diam.,  alba,  lobis 
ovalibus  tubo  paullo  longioribus ;  stamina  lobis  corollae  breviora,  antheris  ovalibua ; 
stylus  brevis,  crassus,  globoso-pyramidalis.    Fructus  desideratur. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  northern  mountains,  forests,  alt.  2700  m.,  A.  Henry  (No. 
10564  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 


CAPRIFOLIACEAE  —  LEYCESTERIA  311 

Viburnum  calvum  seems  most  nearly  related  to  V.  pundatum  Don,  which  is 
easily  distinguished  by  the  larger  acuminate  leaves  lepidote  below  and  by  the 
sessile  or  subsessile  much  larger  and  lepidote  inflorescence. 

Viburnum  laterale  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex?  ut  videtur  robustus;  ramuli  hornotini  glabri,  pallide  brunnei,  annotini 
pallide  griseo-brunnei,  sparse  lenticellati ;  gemmae  stellato-tomentosae.  Folia  mem- 
branacea,  ovata  v.  elliptica  v.  ovato-oblonga,  superiora  anguste  elliptico-oblonga, 
acuminata  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  7-12  cm.  longa  et  4-7  cm.  lata,  dentato- 
serrata,  dentibus  breviter  acuminatis  patentibus,  utrinque  glabra,  supra  laete  viridia, 
Bubnitentia,  subtus  pallidiora,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-9  leviter  curvatis  in  dentes  exeun- 
tibus;  petioli  1-2  cm.  longi,  glabri,  estipulati.  Corymbus  umbelliformis  4-5  cm. 
diam.,  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  lateralium  bifoliatorum  pedunculo  5-6  cm. 
longo  gracili  glabro  insidens,  bracteis  bracteolisque  parvis  lineari-lanceolatis,  radiia 
plerumque  5  glabris;  flores  in  radiis  tertii  ordinis,  breviter  pedicellati  v.  fere  ses- 
siles;  ovarium  oblongo-ovoideum,  glaber,  circiter  2  mm.  longum;  calycis  dentes 
ovati,  acuti  v.  obtusi,  circiter  0.7  mm.  longi;  corolla  deest;  stylus  crassus  conicus, 
sepala  paullo  superans.    Fructus  desideratur. 

Fokien:  without  precise  locality,  April  to  June  1905,  S.  T.  Dunn  (Herb.  Hong- 
kong Bot.  Gard.  No.  2771,  in  Herb.  Arnold  Arboretum). 

Though  neither  the  corolla  nor  the  ripe  fruit  of  this  plant  are  known,  there  can 
be  no  doubt  that  it  is  a  distinct  and  well  marked  species.  There  are  only  few  species 
with  lateral  inflorescences  and  from  all  of  them  V.  laterale  is  easily  distinguished 
by  its  glabrousness;  it  seems  nearest  to  V.  amplifoUum  Rehder,  which  differs  be- 
sides in  its  pubescence,  in  the  larger  corymbs  and  in  the  longer  and  cylindric  style. 
Viburnum  Colcbrookianum  Wallich,  which  is  sometimes  nearly  glabrous,  is  easily 
distinguished  by  its  oblong  and  longer  leaves  and  by  the  corymbs  being  borne  on 
leafless  branchlets. 

Viburnum  erosiun  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  124  (1704)  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Sci.  St.  PHersbourg  XXVI.  491;  in  Md.  Biol.  X.  669  (1880).  —  Sargent  in  Garden 
&  Forest,  IX.  85,  fig.  9  (1896).  —Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  &  Shrubs,  II.  116  (1908). 

A  variable  and  apparently  rather  common  species  in  Japan  and  Korea. 

Viburnum  erosum,  var.  Taquetii  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Viburnum  Taquetii  L^veille  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX,  443  (1911). 

A  typo  praecipue  differt  foliis  angustioribus  oblongo-lanceolatis  grosse  dentatis 
V.  inciso-dentatis  saepe  trilobatis. 

Korea:  Quelpaert  in  silvis  Yungsil,  alt.  1000m.,  August  12, 1910,  E.  J.  Taquet 
(No.  4281). 

A  very  peculiar  and  distinct  looking  plant,  but  hardly  specifically  separable  from 
V.  erosum,  of  which  it  is  apparently  only  an  abnormal  form. 

LEYCESTERIA  Wall. 

Leycesteria  formosa  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  II.  182  (1824); 
PL  As.  Rar.  II.  21,  t.  120  (1831). —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXV.  t. 
3699  (1839).  —  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXV.  t.  2  (1839).  —  Gronland 
in  Rev.  Hart.  1857,  109,  fig.  50.— Vos  in  Nederl.  Flora  en  Pom.  III. 
t.  36  (1876).  — Schneider,  Ill.Handh.  Laubholzk.  II.  752,  fig.  471  f-r 
(1911). 


312  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  north  mts.,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9692  b; 
shrub  2  m.,  white  flowers);  south  of  Red  River  from  Manmei,  alt. 
2000  m.,A.  Henry  (No.  9692;  shrub  2  m.,  white  flowers). 

Leycesteria  formosa,  var.  stenosepala  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  sepalis  anguste  lineari-lanceolatis,  4-7  mm.  longis 
et  0.2-0.8  mm.  latis,  insuper  foliis  basi  rotundatis  v.  late  cuneatis 
subtus  vix  glaucescentibus,  bracteis  inflorescentiae  minoribus  vires- 
centibus  rarius  coloratis  longe  ciliatis  supra  adpresse  pilosis. 

WesternSzech'uan:  descent  of  Hsao-chin  Ho,  north  of  Monkong 
Ting,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  29,  1908  (No.  3476;  bush  40-120  cm., 
flowers  white,  pale  purple  without);  Wa-shan,  side  of  streams,  alt. 
2000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3477;  bush  120  cm.,  flowers  white,  fruits  dark 
red);  watercourses  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2300-2700  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  3478;  bush  120-150  cm.,  flowers  white);  west  and  near  Wen- 
ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3479;  bush  120-180 
cm.,  flowers  white,  fruits  dark  red) ;  without  locality,  July  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3719;  bush  1  m.,  flowers  white). 

The  typical  form  has  not  yet  been  found  in  Szech'uan;  it  differs  from  this  variety 
in  its  shorter  triangular-ovate  to  lanceolate  sepals,  larger  and  usually  purplish  and 
glabrescent  bracts  and  in  the  leaves  being  glaucescent  on  their  lower  surface  and 
usually  rounded  or  even  subcordate  at  the  base.  The  Yunnan  specimens  of  the 
type  have  all  the  sepals  very  short,  scarcely  exceeding  1  mm.,  while  the  Himalayan 
specimens  have  usually  at  least  two  of  the  eepals  elongated. 

Besides  L.  formosa  two  other  species  occur  in  Yunnan:  L.  glaucophylla  Hooker  f., 
of  which  I  have  seen  Henry's  No.  9767,  and  L.  chinensis  Hemsley. 


PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE 

In  this  work  it  is  proposed  to  give  an  enumeration 
of  the  dried  plants  collected  by  Mr.  E.  H.  Wilson 
during  his  expeditions  to  western  China  in  behalf 
of  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  with  descriptions  of  new 
species  and  the  elaborations  of  certain  genera  as  rep- 
resented in  the  Chinese  flora. 

It  is  expected  that  the  work  will  be  finished  in 
six  parts,  making  two  volumes.  Part  I,  containing 
twenty-nine»  genera  in  seven  families,  appeared  in 
1911. 

The  price  of  each  part  is  $2.50;  they  can  be  obtained 
at  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  Harvard  University,  Jamaica 
Plain,  Massachusetts. 


^nblttattons  of  ti)t  ScnoUi  Srboretum  of  ^artiarii  tHnibersitp 

No.  3. 

THE 

Bradley  Bibliography 

A    GUIDE    TO 

THE  LITERATURE  OF  WOODY  PLANTS,   INCLUDING  BOOKS,  AND 

ARTICLES  IN  THE  PROCEEDINGS   OF  LEARNED  SOCIETIES, 

AND    IN    SCIENTIFIC    AND    POPULAR    JOURNALS, 

PUBLISHED    IN  ALL   LANGUAGES    TO   THE 

END  OF  THE  NINETEENTH  CENTURY 

Prepared  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum  hy  Alfeed  Rehder,  under  the 
Direction  of  Charles  Sprague  Sargent 

THIS  work  will  consist  of  five  volumes  and  will  extend  to  between  4000 
and  5000  quarto  two-column  pages.  The  work  is  printed  at  the 
Riverside  Press,  Cambridge  ;  and  only  500  copies  will  be  issued. 

All  students  of  trees  and  shrubs  and  all  librarians  have  long  felt  the 
necessity  of  such  a  work,  and  with  the  growth  in  the  interest  and  practice 
of  forestry  the  demand  for  it  is  increasing.  There  is  no  bibliography  of 
publications  on  dendrology,  forests  and  forestry  or  on  arboriculture  in  any 
language,  and  the  published  botanical  bibliographies  do  not  contain  ref- 
erences to  articles  in  the  Proceedings  of  learned  Societies  and  in  Journals. 

The  work  is  divided  into  five  volumes: 

Volume      I.     Dendrology.     General. 
Volume    IL     Dendrology.     Taxonomic  Arrangement. 
Volume  IIL     Economic  Products  and  Uses  or  Woody  Plants. 
Abboriculture. 

Volume  IV.     Forestry. 

Volume     V.     Index  of  Authors  and  Titles. 

The  first  volume  appeared  in  July,  1911.  Volume  II.  will  be  published 
before  October,  1912,  and  the  manuscript  for  Volumes  III.,  IV.,  and  V. 
is  nearly  ready  for  the  printer. 

The  price  of  the  entire  work  is  $100,  and  the  volumes  will  not  be  sold 
separately.  All  communications  in  regard  to  the  Bradley  Bibliography 
should  be  addressed  to  the  Arnold  Arboi-etum,  Jamaica  Plain,  Massachu- 
chusetts,  U.  S.  A.,  where  subscription  blanks  and  sample  pages  can  be 
obtained. 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  ARNOLD  ARBORETUM,  No.  4 

PLANTAE   WILSONIANAE 

AN    ENUMERATION    OF    THE    WOODY    PLANTS 

COLLECTED  IN  WESTERN  CHINA  FOR  THE 

ARNOLD   ARBORETUM    OF    HARVARD 

UNIVERSITY  DURING  THE  YEARS 

1907,    1908,    AND    1910 

BY  E.  H.  WILSON 

EDITED   BY 

CHARLES  SPRAGUE  SARGENT 
Part  III 


Issued,  May  15,  1913 


CAMBRIDGE 

THE  UNIVERSITY  PRESS 

1913 


PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE,  Part  III.    Issued  May  15,  1913 

Trochodendraceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson  page 

Euptelea    . 313 

Cercidiphyllaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Cercidiphyllum 316 

Ranunculaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Paeonia,  Clematis 318 

Lardizabalaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Decaisnea,  Stauntonia,  Holboellia,  Akebia,  Sinofranchetia, 

Sargentodoxa, 344 

Berberidaceae  by  Camillo  Schneider 

Berberis,  Mahonia,  Nandina 353 

Menispermaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Sinomenium,    Cocculus,    Diploelisia,    Stephania,    Gyclea, 

Tinospora 387 

Magnoliaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Magnolia,    Michelia,    Liriodendron,   Kadsura,  Schisandra, 

lUicium,  Tetracentron 391 

Calycanthaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Meratia 419 

Hamamelidaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Liquidambar,  Distylium,  Corylopsis,  Fortunearia,  Sinowil- 

sonia,  Loropetalum,  Sycopsis,  Hamamelis 421 

EucoMMiACEAE  by  E.  H.  Wilson 

Eucommia 433 

ROSACEAE 

Neillia,  Stephanandra,  Spiraea,  Sibiraea,    Exochorda,  by 
Alfred  Rehder 434 

Sorbus  by  E.  Koehne 457 

Celastraceae 

Evonymus  by  Th.  Loesener  and  Alfred  Rehder 485 

HiPPOCASTANACEAE  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Aesculus 488 

Clethraceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Clethra 501 

Ericaceae  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Rhododendron,  Enkianthus,  Cassiope,  Pieris,    Gaultheria, 

Arctous,Vaccinium 503 

LoGANiACEAE  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson 

Gardneria,  Buddleia 563 

ScROPHULARiACEAE  by  Alfred  Rehder 

Brandisia,  Paulownia 573 


TROCHODENDRACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

EUPTELEA  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Euptelea  pleiospenna  Hooker  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  VII. 
240,  t.  2  (1864);  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  39  (1872).  —  King  in 
Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  199,  t.  39^  (1891).  —  Solereder  in  Ber. 
Deutsch.  Bot.  Ges.  XVII.  399  (1899).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M^m.  IV.  25  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  25 
(1907). 

Euptelea  Davidiana  Baillon  in  Adansonia  XI.  305  (1875).  —  Franchet  in 
Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  193  (PL  David.  II.  11)  (1886).  — 
Van  Tieghem  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XIV.  271  (1900).  —  Hemsley  in  Hooker's 
Icon.  XXVIII.  sub  t.  2787  (1905),  quoad  specimina  e  Mupin  et  Yun- 
nan. —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  25 
(1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  25  (1907). 

Euptelea  Delavayi  Van  Tieghem  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XIV.  273  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  east  of  Mao-chou,  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  22, 1908  (No.  3546;  bush  or  small  tree,  4-8  m. 
tall);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Niu-tou-shan,  woods,  alt.  1600-2800  m., 
June  20,  1908  (No.  3546'';  small  tree  8  m.  tall);  without  precise  local- 
ity, alt.  1600-2600  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3133);  Wei- 
kuan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2517).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountains 
north,  woods,  alt.  2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10746). 

This  small  tree  is  abundant  in  the  thickets  and  margins  of  woods,  especially  in 
the  vicinity  of  streams  throughout  western  Szech'uan  from  the  neighborhood  of 
Sung-pan  in  the  north  to  Tachien-lu  in  the  west  and  southwards  through  Yunnan. 
We  have  no  specimens  actually  localized  from  Mupin,  but  have  them  from  the 
northern,  southern  and  western  boundary  of  this  petty  state.  We  have  not  seen 
the  type  of  Baillon's  E.  Davidiana,  but  the  geographical  distribution  so  strongly 
supports  Solereder's  evidence  that  there  can  be  no  doubt  but  Baillon's  fragment 
is  referable  to  the  same  species  and  to  its  numerous  specimens  before  us. 

Hooker  &  Thomson  describe  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  as  "  pale,"  but 
glaucescent  gives  a  better  idea  of  the  appearance,  which  is  due  to  a  dense  cover- 
ing of  papillae.  This  glaucescent  appearance  of  the  under  surface  readily  dis- 
tinguishes this  species  which,  like  E.  Franchetii,  is  a  small  bushy  tree,  with  thin 
branches  and  leaves  assuming  brilliant  tints  in  the  autumn. 

Our  specimen  of  Henry's  10746  has  all  the  leaves  ovate,  acuminate  and  broadly 

313 


314  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

cuneate  at  the  base  with  straight  sides,  and  nearly  evenly  toothed.  In  our  No.  3546, 
leaves  similar  to  the  above  and  others  nearly  orbicular  or  obovate-orbicular,  and 
irregularly  toothed,  occur  on  the  same  branch. 

Euptelea  Franchetii  Van  Tieghem  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XIV.  272  (1900). 
—  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  9,  fig.  (1904).  —  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII,  Mem.  IV.  25  (1905),  quoad  speci- 
mina  Fargesii  et  Henryi;  Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  25  (1907). 

Euptelea  polyandra  Dicls  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  346  (non  Siebold  &  Zuccarini) 

(1900).  — Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  267  (1910); 

XVIII.  115  (non  Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  (1911). 
Euptelea  Davidiana  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXVIII.  t.  2787  (non  Baillon) 

(1905),  quoad  tabulam  et  specimina   Fargesiana,  Wilsoniana,  Henryana 

No.  10746  excepto. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000- 
1600  m.,  May,  June  and  August  1907  (No.  139;  tree  5-13  m.  tall); 
Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  July  and  September 
1907  (No.  139^;  tree  6-10  m.  tall);  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000- 
1600  m.,  October  1907  (No.  219;  small,  bushy  tree  3-10  m.  tall); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  November  1907  (No. 
588;  tree  13  m.  tall,  1  m.  girth);  without  locality,  April,  August  and 
October  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1048);  without  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  6455);  ''Monte  Si-ho,  Ou-tan-scian,"  July  1909,  C.  Silvestri 
(No.  2960).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  7337).  South-east  Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  A, 
von  Rosthorn.  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom;  '' Kin-ton- 
san,"  July  1897,  J.  Giraldi;  various  localities,  June,  July  and  August 
1899,  Hugh  Scallan. 

As  pointed  out  by  Hemsley  (1.  c.)  the  particular  characters  on  which  Van  Tieg- 
hem founded  this  species  are  not  constant  and  are  of  little  value.  The  overlooked 
character  of  the  green  under-surface  of  the  leaves,  with  perfectly  smooth  non- 
papillose  epidermis  is,  however,  constant  and  affords  a  means  by  which  this  species 
may  be  distinguished  at  a  glance.  Specimens  before  us  prove  that  the  relative 
length  of  the  filament  and  anther  is  merely  a  question  of  age  and  growth,  as  enun- 
ciated first  by  Hemsley,  whose  figure  (1.  c.)  admirably  depicts  this  species  but 
whose  description  in  part  includes  the  western  species  E.  pleiosperma,  Hooker  & 
Thomson. 

E.  Franchetii  is  one  of  the  most  common  of  small  trees  throughout  western 
Hupeh  and  eastern  Szech'uan,  occurring  by  the  sides  of  streams,  on  the  margins 
of  moist  woods  and  thickets. 

The  species  of  this  genus  have  proved  very  difficult  to  deal  with  systematically 
and  various  authorities  have  arrived  at  different  conclusions  in  regard  to  them. 
With  the  mass  of  material  before  us  we  are  convinced  that  in  China  two  species, 
each  occupying  well-defined  geographical  areas,  occur.  The  shape  and  size  of  the 
leaves  and  degree  of  their  dentation,  the  relative  length  of  the  filaments  and 


TROCHODENDRACEAE.  —  EUPTELEA  315 

anthers,  the  size  and  shape  of  the  fruit  and  the  number  of  seeds  in  each  are  all 
inconstant  and  cannot  be  relied  upon.  Finet  &  Gagnepain  (1.  c.)  give  a  key  to 
the  species  based  on  the  shape  of  the  fruit.  Specimens  before  us  show  all  forms 
on  the  same  branch.  The  appearance  of  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves,  how- 
ever, affords  a  constant  character  by  which  the  species,  and  especially  the  two 
Chinese  species,  may  easily  be  recognized.  Solereder  (1.  c.)  was  the  first  to  draw 
attention  to  this  and  an  exhaustive  examination  of  our  material  amply  sup- 
ports his  conclusions  as  to  the  identity  of  Baillon's  E.  Davidiana  with  Hooker  & 
Thomson's  E.  pleiosperma. 

The  three  species  of  the  genus  may  be  recognized  by  the  following  charac- 
ters :  — 

E.  polyandra  Siebold  &  Zuccarini:  bark  brown;  dentation  of  leaves  irregular 
and  more  exaggerated  in  this  respect  than  in  other  species;  under  surface  of  leaves 
pale  green  and  exhibiting  a  tendency  towards  papillosity;  fruit  normally  1-seeded 
although  2  seeds  are  occasionally  to  be  found.     Distribution:  Japan. 

E.  Franchetii  Van  Tieghem;  bark  dark;  dentation  of  leaves  fairly  regular; 
under  surface  of  leaves  green;  non-papillose,  the  epidermis  being  perfectly  smooth; 
fruit  1-4  (usually  2-3)-seeded.     Distribution:  central  China. 

E.  pleiosperma  Hooker  &  Thomson:  bark  dark;  dentation  of  leaves  fairly 
regular;  under  surface  of  leaves  glaucescent,  papillose;  fruits  rather  larger  than  in 
other  species,  1-4  (usually  2-3)-seeded.  Distribution:  Mishmi  Hills,  north-east  of 
Assam,  western  and  south-western  China. 

The  flowers  in  all  three  species  are  hermaphrodite,  proterandrous  and  ane- 
mophilous,  not  polygamous  as  usually  stated.  The  stamens  are  early  deciduous, 
falling  away  before  the  stigmas  of  the  female  flowers  borne  on  the  same  fascicle  or 
on  the  same  shoot  are  mature.  The  statement  that  the  trees  are  dicEcious  is 
erroneous  and  has  led  to  much  confusion. 


CERCIDIPHYLLACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

CERCIDIPHYLLUM  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Cercidiphyllum  japonicum  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahhand.  Akad. 
Miinch.  IV.  pt.  III.  238  (Fl  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  114)  (1846).  —  Miquel 
in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  140  (1867).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull. 
Acad.  Sd.  St.  Petershourg,  ser.  3,  XVII.  142  (1872).  —  Sargent  in 
Garden  &  Forest,  VI.  52,  fig.  9  (1893);  VII.  104,  fig.  21-22  (1894).  — 
Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  I.  t.  41  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain 
in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  26  (1905);  Contnb.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  II.  26  (1907). 

Cercidiphyllum  japonicum,  var.  sinense  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  petiolis  brevioribus  circiter  2  cm.  longis,  foliis  basi 
saepius  subcordatis  v.  fere  truncatis  subtus  secus  nervos  basim  versus 
pihs  patentibus  instructis,  capsulis  2-3  apice  sensim  attenuatis  stylo 
persistente  plerumque  fere  recto  coronatis  10-15  mm.  longis.  — 
Arbor  20-40  m.  altus,  trunco  2-18  m.  plerumque  3-6  m.  circuitu, 
solitari  rarissime  e  basi  in  truncos  2-3  divergente. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu,  Tu-ti-Iiang-shan,  open  country, 
alt.  2300-2800  m.,  August  and  October  1910  (No.  4301,  type);  Wa- 
shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  September  1908  (No.  742^). 
Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  May  and  Octo- 
ber 1907  (No.  742);  same  locality,  June  16,  1910  (No.  742*'). 
Shensi:  southern  slopes  of  the  Tai-pei-shan,  alt.  2300  m.,  1910, 
W.  Purdom. 

We  have  seen  no  flowers  of  this  variety,  and  in  the  herbarium  material  the 
characters  which  distinguish  it  from  the  type  are  rather  slight.  In  habit  the 
two  trees  are  different.  The  Japanese  tree  has  usually  several  trunks  which,  if  occa- 
sionally united  at  the  base,  diverge  a  few  feet  above  the  ground.  Sometimes, 
however,  the  trunk  is  single  and  free  of  branches  for  16  m.  above  the  ground. 
The  Chinese  tree  has  usually  but  one  trunk  and  lateral  branches  commence  a 
few  feet  above  the  ground;  occasionally  a  few  small  stems  are  found  growing 
around  the  base  of  the  tree.  Very  rarely  are  two  or  three  trunks  developed  and 
we  never  saw  more  than  half  a  dozen  such  examples  among  the  thousands  of  trees 
we  have  seen.    The  Japanese  tree  affects  the  forest  depths,  the  Chinese  tree  open 

316 


CERCIDIPHYLLACEAE.  —  CERCIDIPHYLLUM  317 

park-like  areas  or  glades,  always  in  moist  situations  where  the  soil  is  rich;  a  favor- 
ite site  is  alongside  the  mountain  torrents. 

This  Chinese  tree  is  now  in  cultivation  and,  for  the  present  at  any  rate,  it  would 
appear  best  to  consider  it  as  a  variety  distinct  from  the  Japanese  type.  In  time 
we  may  learn  more  from  the  cultivated  trees  of  both  forms  and  their  taxonomic 
rank  may  then  be  more  accurately  determined. 

The  Chinese  Cercidiphyllum  is  abundant  in  the  mountains  of  the  Lungan  pre- 
fecture, in  north-western  Szech'uan,  and  trees  of  huge  dimensions  occur.  It  is 
fairly  common  around  the  base  of  Wa-wu-shan  in  the  Yachou  prefecture,  western 
Szech'uan.  In  the  highlands  of  the  Han-Yangtsze  divide,  in  the  districts  of  Hsing- 
shan  and  Fang,  western  Hupeh,  it  is  also  plentiful.  Both  in  height  and  girth  this 
tree  exceeds  all  other  broad-leaved  deciduous  trees  known  from  China.  It  attains 
a  great  age  and  is  very  tenacious  of  life.  Old,  hollow  stumps  of  trees,  broken 
down  by  winds  and  partially  destroyed  by  fire,  still  continue  to  develop  green, 
leafy  branches  until  utterly  destroyed  and  up-rooted.  Owing  doubtless  to  some 
obscure  resemblance  in  the  foliage  and  general  appearance  of  the  two  trees  the 
Cercidiphyllum  is  colloquially  known  by  the  same  name  as  the  Ginkgo,  viz.  "Peh- 
k'o."  Pictures  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  095,  096,  086,  0276  of 
Wilson's  collection  of  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China, 
No.  163. 


RANUNCULACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

PAEONIA  Linn. 

Paeonia  Delavayi  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
382  (1886);  PL  Delavay.  I.  31  (1889).  — Huth  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XIV. 
273  (1892).  — Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LI.  524 
(1904);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  221  (1905). 

Paeonia  Delavayi,  var.  angustiloba  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Suffrutex  stolonifems,  0.6-1.30  cm.  altus,  glaberrimus;  rami 
crassi  inferne  lignosi.  Folia  bi-ternati-secta,  membranacea,  laete 
viridia,  subtus  glaucescentia,  15-25  cm.  longa  et  15-30  cm.  lata; 
segmenta  pinnatifida,  sensim  in  petiolulum  alatum  decurrentia,  lobis 
utrinque  2-4  lanceolatis  et  anguste  lanceolatis  acuminatis,  2-6  cm. 
longis,  et  0.5-1  cm.  latis,  integris  v.  dentibus  paucis  triangularibus 
V.  lanceolatis  instructis,  costa  media  venisque  secundariis  subtus 
elevatis;  petioli  5-15  cm.  longi,  supra  canaliculati,  basi  dilatati.  Flores 
plerumque  plures  in  apice  ramulorum,  terminales  et  axillares,  cupuli- 
formes,  5-6  cm.  diam.,  ante  anthesin  subglobosi,  nutantes,  longe 
pedicellati  pedicello  4-14  cm.  longo;  calyx  bracteis  foliaceis  3  lineari- 
lanceolatis  acuminatis  2.5-8  cm.  longis  integris  v.  pinnatisectis  per- 
sistentibus  suffultus;  sepala  5,  interiora  tria  suborbicularia,  dimidiis 
petalis  subaequilonga,  exteriora  minora  in  bracteas  transientia;  petala 
ovalia  v.  late  ovalia,  5-8,  concava,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  et  2  cm.  lata, 
apice  leviter  eroso-dentata  v.  Integra,  atropurpurea  v.  fusco-pur- 
purea;  stamina  numerosissima,  filamentis  compressis  4-10  mm.  longis 
fiavidis  purpurascentibus  glabris,  antheris  luteis  oblongis  4-5  mm. 
longis;  discus  cupularis,  3-4  mm.  longus,  irregulariter  dentatus; 
carpella  3,  rarius  2  v.  4,  purpurascentia,  glabra,  stigmate  oblique. 
Folliculi  2-3,  ovoidei,  2-2.5  cm.  longi,  subito  in  rostrum  contracti; 
semina  irregulariter  ovoidea,  angulosa,  circiter  12  mm.  longa  et  8  mm. 
lata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu  descent  to  Yalung 
river,  stony  places  fully  exposed  to  sun,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  October 

318 


KANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  319 

1908  (No.  1333,  type);  same  locality,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3033). 

We  have  given  a  complete  description  of  this  variety  which  differs  from  the 
type  chiefly  in  the  narrower  segments  of  its  leaves,  paler  color  of  stamens  and 
fewer  carpels,  because  the  original  description  of  the  type  is  rather  short. 

Here  may  be  added  a  note  on  the  habitat  of  the  Moutan,  together  with  its 
synonymy,  which  in  most  publications  is  incompletely  and  partly  incorrectly 
quoted. 

Paeonia  suffruticosa  Andrews,  Bot.  Rep.  VI.  t.  373  (1804). 

Paeonia  officinalis  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  230  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784). 

Paeonia  arborea  Donn,  Hort.  Cantabr.  ed.  3,  102  (nomen  nudum)  (1S04).  — 
K.  Koch,  Dendr.  I.  444  (1SG9).  — Dippel,  //and6.  Laubholzk.  III.  162 
(1893).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  272,  fig.  180,  181  d-f  (1904). 

Paeonia  papaveracea  Andrews,  Bot.  Rep.  VII.  t.  463  (1806). 

Paeonia  moutan  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XXIX.  t.  1154  (1809).  —  Aiton,  Hort. 
Kew.  ed.  2,  III.  315  (1811).  —  Anderson  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XII.  252 
{Monog.  Paeon.)  (1818).  — Huth  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XIV.  272  {Monog.  Paeon.) 
(1892).  —  Dials  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  324  (1900). 

Paeonia  fruticosa  Dumont  de  Courset,  Bot.  Cult.  ed.  2,  IV.  462  (1811). 

Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  and  50  li  west  of  Yenan-Fu,  1910,  W.  Purdom? 

The  specimens  quoted  above  are  according  to  Mr.  Purdom  from  undoubtedly 
wild  plants;  he  also  introduced  living  plants  of  this  wild  form  which  are  now  grow- 
ing in  several  gardens.  The  habitat  of  P.  suffruticosa  has  been  for  a  long  time 
uncertain,  as  all  the  earlier  travelers  in  China  had  found  it  only  in  gardens.  The 
first  mention  of  its  native  habitat  in  north-western  China  we  find  in  Engler  & 
Prantl,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  III.  2,  55  (1891)  where  Prantl  states  that  it  occurs  in 
Kansu  north  of  the  Hoang-ho,  without  giving  any  authority  for  this  statement. 
Bretschneider  {Hist.  Europ.  Discov.  China,  425)  says  that  according  to  a  Chinese 
description  of  the  province  of  Shensi  the  Moutan  occurs  in  the  district  of  Han- 
ch'eng  on  a  hill  called  Moutan-shan.  Between  1890-1896  it  was  collected  by 
Hugh  Scallan  and  G.  Giraldi  near  Ki-san,  Gniu-ju  and  Lun-shan  in  Shensi,  and  now 
with  the  added  evidence  of  Purdom's  collection  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  P. 
suffruticosa  is  a  native  of  north-western  China  and  was  introduced  from  there  into 
eastern  China  and  into  Japan. 

CLEMATIS   L. 

Sect.  VIORNA  Prantl. 

Ser.  Crispae  Prantl. 

Clematis  pogonandra  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  8 
(1890).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  550  (1903); 
Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  35  (1905).  —  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1906,  148. 

Western  Hupeh :  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  July  1907   (No.  2489;  climber,  2-2.5  m.  flowers  bronzy- 


320  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

yellow);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  August  1907  (No. 
2481;  climber,  2-2.5  m.,  flowers  yellow  and  bronze);  without  locaUty, 
A.Henry  (No.  6817).  Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Sungpan, 
thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4550;  climber,  2  m.). 
Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom. 

Clematis  pogonandra,  var.  pilosula  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  subtus  breviter  sericeo-pilosis  supra  ad  venas 
sparse  adpresse  pilosis,  petioUs  pedicellisque  et  ramulis  hornotinis 
initio  sparse  pilosis  v.  villosis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2469;  climber,  2-3  m.,  flowers 
bronzy-yellow.) 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  only  in  its  pubescence. 

Clematis  Prattii  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.,  1892,  82 
(quoad  Pratt,  Nos.  169,  238).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc. 
Bot.  France,  L.  550  (1903);  Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  35  (1905).  —  Hems- 
ley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1906,  148. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  on  rocks,  alt.  3600  m., 
July  24,  1908  (No.  2470;  climber,  1.5-2.5  m.,  flowers  golden-yellow); 
without  precise  locality,  alt.  3600-4000  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3126). 

Clematis  Faberi  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform. 
1906,  148. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  over  rocks,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
June  1908  (No.  2482;  climber,  2-2.5  m.,  flowers  yellow);  without 
precise  locaUty,  over  rocks,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3125,  type). 

To  this  group  also  belongs  the  following  very  rare  species  not  collected  during 
the  Arnold  Arboretum  expeditions: 

Clematis  repens  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  548,  t.  16 
(1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  33,  t.  16  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  alt.  2000  m.,  on  tree  trunks  and  rocks, 
October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3122). 

Ser.  TuBULosAE  Decaisne. 

Clematis  heracleaefolia  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  138  (1818) ;  Prodr.  I. 
3  (1824).  —  Forbes  in  Jour.  Bot.  XXII.  263  (1884).  —  Kuntze  in 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  321 

Verh.  BoL  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI.  182  (Monog.  Clem.)  (1885).— 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  4  (1886).  —  Pritzel  in  BoL 
Jahrb.  XXIX.  332  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  BoL 
France,  L.  545  (1903);  Contrih.  Fl  As.  Or.  I.  31  (1905).  —  Pampanini 
in  Nuov.  Giorn.  BoL  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  269  (1910). 

Clematis  tubulosa  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  X.  7.  148  (1837).  — 

Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXII.  t.  42G9  (1846).  —  Lindley  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc. 

III.  78  (1848).  —  Paxton,  Mag.  Bot.  XIV.  31,  t.  (1848).  —  Hance  in  Jour. 

Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  75  (1873).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 

bourg,  XXII.  214  (1876);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  589  (1876).  —  Decaisne  in  Nouv. 

Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  IV.  204  t.  9  (1881).— Lavallde,  Clem.  79  (1884).— 

Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  281,  fig.  184  h,  185  a-c  (1906). 
Clematis   Davidiana   Verlot   in    Rev.    Hort.    1867,  90.  —  Decaisne    in    Nouv. 

Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  IV.  205,  t.  10  (1881). —  Schneider,  III  Handb. 

Laubholzk.  I.  281,  fig.  184  k,  185  f-g  (1906). 
Clematis  Hookeri  Decaisne  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  IV.  206,  t.  11 

(1881). 
Clematis  tubulosa,  var.  Davidiana  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mu^.  Paris,  ser. 

2,  V.  165  {PL  David.  I.  13)  (1882). 
Clematis  tubidosa,  var.  Hookeri  Hooker  f.  in  Bot  Mag.  XLI.  t.  6801  (1885). 
Clematis  heracleaefolia,  var.  Davidiana  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  4 

(1886). 

Type  in  Manchuria  and  north-east  China. 

Plants  grown  in  this  Arboretum  from  seeds  collected  south  of  Jehol  by  M 
Purdom  seem  indistinguishable  from  C.  tubulosa  Turczaninow  which  represents 
the  type  of  the  species,  while  all  the  other  synonyms  are  referable  to  the  var. 
Davidiana  Hemsley.  These  seeds  came  from  the  locaUty  where  Staunton  collected 
the  specimen  on  which  C.  heracleaefolia  De  Candolle  is  founded.  From  the  mass 
of  material  before  us  we  are  disposed  to  refer  all  the  continental  forms  of  this 
group  to  C.  heracleaefolia  De  Candolle  and  its  varieties,  considering  them  all 
variations  of  one  polymorphic,  polygamous  species.  The  Japanese  C.  stans  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini  (syn.  C.  Maximowiczii  Decaisne,  C.  Lavallei  Decaisne,  C.  Savatieri 
Decaisne)  with  its  coarsely  toothed  and  lobed  leaves,  loosely  paniculate  inflores- 
cence, small  whitish  flowers  and  glabrescent,  shining,  ovoid  achenes,  seems  to  U3 
sufficiently  distinct  to  be  considered  a  species. 

Clematis  heracleaefolia,  var.  ichangensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Suffruticosa,  basi  tantum  lignosa,  ramis  pubescentibus.  Folia 
ternata,  intense  viridia,  supra  sparse  adpresse  breviter  pilosa,  subtus 
molliter  subaccumbenti-villosa  praecipue  ad  nervos;  foliolum  ter- 
minale  late  ovatum  v.  rotundato-ovatum,  leviter  3-lobatuni,  breviter 
acuminatum,  basi  rotundatum,  sparse  et  inaequaliter  dentatura 
dentibus  brevibus  plerumque  rotundatis  mucronatis,  6-10  cm. 
longum  et  4-10  cm.  latum,  petiolulo  2.5-5  cm.  longo  cinereo-pubes- 
centi ;  f oliola  lateralia  subsessilia,  ovata  v.  late  ovata,  acuta  v.  breviter 
acuminata,  basi  obliqua  rotundata  v.  truncata,  saepius  lobo  unico 


322  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ad  marginem  exteriorem,  dentibus  ut  in  foliolo  terminali,  3-10  cm. 
longa  et  2.5-8  cm.  lata;  petioli  5-8  cm.  longi,  cinereo-pubescentes. 
Flores  in  fasciculis  cymosis  axillaribus  et  terminalibus  sat  densis, 
breviter  pedicellati,  hermaphroditi,  intus  intense  coerulei,  extus 
dense  sericeo-pubescentes.  Achaenia  dense  villosa.  Ceterum  ut  in 
typo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  foot  of  limestone  cliff,  alt.  50-600  m., 
August  and  December  1907  (No.  763,  type);  same  locality  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  2596^);  without  precise  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3053, 
4359,  4478).  ''Ou-tan-shan,"  August  1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  632);  with- 
out locality,  1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  633).  Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan  1910, 
W.  Purdom;  "Huan-tuo-san,"  October  10-20,  1897,  G.  Giraldi. 

This  variety  is  chiefly  distinguished  by  its  rather  dense  pubescence.  The  type 
agrees  in  the  stems  being  woody  at  the  base  and  the  leaf-bases  rounded,  but 
differs  in  its  more  coarsely  toothed  glabrescent  leaves,  polygamo-dicEcious  flowers 
and  sparsely  villose  achenes.  Var.  Davidiana  difi"ers  in  its  herbaceous  habit, 
cuneate  leaves,  glabrescent  and  coarsely  toothed,  and  more  sessile  densely  clus- 
tered inflorescence.  In  general  appearance  this  new  variety  comes  nearest  to  the 
form  found  in  Shantung,  which,  however,  has  more  coarsely  toothed,  less  hairy 
leaves,  usually  cuneate  at  the  base  and  unisexual  flowers.  The  Shensi  specimen 
collected  by  Giraldi  is  somewhat  less  pubescent  than  the  other  specimens. 

Ser.  CoNNATAE  Koehne. 

Clematis  pterantha  Dunn  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXVIII.  t.  2713 
(1901).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull  Soc.  BoL  France,  L.  544  (1903); 
Contrib.  FL  As.  Or.  I.  29  (1905). 

Clematis  Philippiana  L6veille  et  Vaniot  in    Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  BoL 
XI.  169  (1902),  secundum  Finet  &  Gagnepain. 

Clematis  pterantha,  var.  grossedentata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliolis  minoribus  4-5  cm.  longis  chartaceis  acutis 
grossius  et  saepe  incise  paucidentatis  utrinque  sparse  breviter  ad- 
presse  pilosis,  pedicellis  et  sepalis  extus  villosis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tung  Valley  near  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt. 
600  m.,  rare,  September  21,  1908  (No.  2488). 

A  well-marked  variety.  In  the  type  the  leaves  are  much  larger,  papyraceous, 
long  acuminate,  less  coarsely  toothed,  glabrous  below,  the  petioles  and  pedicels 
also  are  glabrous. 

Clematis  lasiandra  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
XXII.  213  (1876);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  586  (1876);  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop. 
XI.  7  (1890).  —  Kuntze  in  Verh.  BoL  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI.  169 


ranunculac:hae.  —  clematis  323 

{Monog.  Clem.)  (1885).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  331  (1900).  — 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  547  (1903);  Contrib. 
Ft.  As.  Or.  I.  32  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh :  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m., 
September  and  November  1907  (No.  673;  climber  3-4  m.  high, 
flowers  reddish-purple  without);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets, 
alt.  1000-1600  m.,  September  and  December  1907  (Nos.  679,  679^; 
climbers  3-5  m.,  flowers  red-purple  without,  buds  and  young  shoots 
viscid);  without  locality,  July  and  November  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  1471,  1471'';  seed  No.  880);  without  locality,  A.  Henrij  (Nos. 
3694,  6713);  "Mt.  Triora,"  alt.  1950  m.,  September  1907,  C.Silvestri 
(No.  637).  Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  wood- 
lands, alt,  2300-2600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1315%-  climber  3-4  m.); 
without  locality,  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3119);  Mt.  Omei, 
October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4696).  Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan,  1910, 
W.  Purdom. 

An  exceedingly  common  species  throughout  central  and  western  China,  grow- 
ing in  thickets  and  margins  of  woods.  The  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size.  The 
young  shoots,  more  especially  the  nodes,  and  the  flower-buds  are  viscid.  The 
flowers  vary  in  color  from  nearly  white  to  dark  red-purple.  Maximowicz  (Act. 
Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  7)  was  disposed  to  regard  the  Chinese  plant  as  distinct  from  the 
Japanese.  With  the  large  series  of  specimens  before  us  we  can  find  no  characters 
on  which  to  separate  them.  The  color  of  the  flowers  is  variable  even  in  the  Japa- 
nese plant,  and  although  the  type  has  white  flowers  a  specimen  before  us  from 
Nanokawa,  Tosa,  Japan,  has  obviously  pale  red-purple  flowers. 

In  this  group  and  near  the  preceding  species  belong  also  the  two  following 
species  not  collected  during  the  Arnold  Arboretum  expeditions: 

Clematis  urophylla  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Linn.  Paris,  I.  433  (18S4).  —  Hems- 
ley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  7  (18S6).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  333 
(1900).  — Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  542  (1903);  Contrib. 
Ft.  As.  Or.  I.  27  (1905). 

Clematis  japonica,  8.  urophylla  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI. 
159  {Monog.  Clem.)  (18S5). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  alt.  2000  m.,  October  16,  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3121).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  forests,  alt.  2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No. 
11347;  flowers  white). 

Clematis  pseudo-pogonandra  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
L.  549,  t.  17  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  35  t.  17  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  alt.  4100m.,  July  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  3123). 

Clematis  nutans  Royle,  III.  Bot.  Hirnal.  51  (1839).  —  Hooker  f. 
&  Thomson  in  Hooker,  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  5  (1872).  —  Kuntze  in 
Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI.  129  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 


324  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

We  have  seen  no  specimens  from  China  referable  to  the  Indian  plant;  all  belong 
to  the  following  variety: 

Clematis  nutans,  var.  thyrsoidea  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Clematis  Buchaniana,  /3.  vitifolia  Bois  in  Jour.  Soc.  Hort.  France,  s6r.  4,  I. 

866,  fig.  34  (non  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson)  (1900).  — L.  Henry  in  Rev.  Hort, 

1905,  437,  fig.  180. 
Clematis  Buchananiana  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bat.  France,  ser.  4, 

III.  541  (non  De  Candolle)  (1903);  Contnb.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  26  (1905). 
Clematis  nutans  Bean  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  392.  —  Gard.  Chron, 

ser.  3,  XLVIII.  310,  fig.  129  (1910).  —  Garden  LXXV.  557,  fig.  (1911). 

Frutex  scandens,  3-6-metralis.  Folia  pinnata,  2-5-juga,  rarius 
segmentis  inferioribus  3-foliolatis;  foliola  late  ovata,  rarius  ovato- 
lanceolata,  breviter  acuminata,  basi  cordata,  rarius  truncata  v.  late 
cuneata,  plerumque  3-lobata,  grosse  dentata  dentibus  plerumque 
late  ovatis  mucronatis,  4-7  cm.  longa  et  3-5  lata,  supra  laete  viridia, 
initio  pilis  brevibus  nitidis  conspersa  v.  fere  glabra,  subtus  densius 
V.  sparsius  breviter  sericeo-pilosa,  rarius  fere  glabra,  venis  subtus 
elevatis  conspicuis.  Inflorescentia  axillaris,  pedunculo  erecto  robusto 
8-15  cm.  longo  sustenta,  paniculata,  satis  compacta,  plerumque 
multiflora,  bracteis  membranaceis  pallidis,  rarius  par  inferior  foliaceus, 
instructa;  flores  graciliter  pedicellati,  nutantes,  pallide  flavi.  Achaenia 
late  ovoidea,  compressa,  brunnea,  3-3.5  mm.  longa,  accumbenti- 
villosa.     Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2300-3300  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  1315,  type;  climber  2.5-5  m.,  flowers 
creamy  yellow);  north-east  of  Sungpan,  upland  thickets,  alt.  3000- 
3300  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4546;  climber  6-8  m.,  flowers  pale 
yellow);  Tachien-lu,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3120,  3120% 
3120b,  seed  No.  1422);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  592). 

In  general  appearance  the  foliage  of  this  variety  somewhat  resembles  that  of 
C.  Buchananiana  De  Candolle  with  which  Finet  &  Gagnepain  have  confused  it, 
but  the  leaves  in  that  species  are  always  simply  pinnate  and  less  deeply  toothed. 
In  our  variety  the  sepals  are  about  as  long  as  the  carpels  (1.5-1.8  cm.)  recurved 
at  the  apex  and  glabrous  on  the  inside.  In  C.  Buchananiana  the  sepals  are 
nearly  twice  as  long  as  the  carpels  (2-4  cm.)  and  densely  pubescent  on  the  inner 
surface. 

This  variety  is  distinguished  from  the  type  by  its  broadly  ovate  leaflets,  usually 
cordate  at  the  base,  silky  pubescent  below  and  with  more  prominent  veins.  The 
inflorescence  too  is  larger  and  more  compact.  It  is  very  common  around  Tachien-lu, 
rambling  over  shrubs  in  situations  fully  exposed  to  the  sun. 

Clematis  trullifera  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
L.  547  (1903);  Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  32  (1905). 


BANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  325 

Clematis  Buchananiana,  var.  trullifera  Franchet,  PL  Delavay.  I.  3  (1889). 

Western  Szech'uan:  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600- 
3000  m.,  August  1908  (No.  2484;  climber  4-6  m.,  flowers  creamy 
white);  without  locaHty,  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3118, 
seed  No.  1797). 

Common  in  thickets  and  hedge-rows  in  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu. 

This  species  is  very  closely  related  to  C.  connata  De  Candolle,  especially  to  the 
form  latipes  Kuntze,  and  would  seem  to  differ  from  it  chiefly  in  its  more  coarsely 
toothed  leaves  and  shorter,  more  compact  inflorescence. 

Sect.  VITICELLA  Prantl. 

Ser.  Florid AE  Prantl. 

Clematis  florida  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  240  (1784).  —  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XXII.  t. 
834  (1805).  — De  Candolle  Stjst.  I.  160  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  8  (1824).  —  Lavall^e, 
Clem.  16,  t.  5  (1884).  —  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI.  149  {Monog. 
Clem.)  (1885).  —  Henry  in  Card.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXII.  51,  fig.  20  (1902).  —  Finet 
&  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  553  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  38 
(1905). 

Anemone  japonica  Houttuyn,  Natuurl.  Hist.  II.  Deel,  IX.  (XXVII.)  191,  t. 
55,  fig.  1  (1778). 

Anemone  vel  Anemonoides  Houttuyn,  Pflanzensyst.  VII.  11.  t.  55,  fig.  1  (1781). 

Atragene  indica  Desfontaines,  Tab.  Scale  Mus.  Bot.  Paris,  123  (1804). 

Atragene  florida  Persoon,  Syn.  PI.  II.  98  (1807). 

Viticella  florida  Spach,  Hist.  Veg.  VII.  264  (1839). 

Clematis  anemonoides  Houttuyn  ex  Lavallee,  Clem.  16  (quasi  synon.)  (1884). 1 

Clematis  japonica  Houttuyn  ex  Makino,  Bot.  Mag.  Tokyo,  XXVI.  81  (non 
Thunberg)  (1912). 1 

Western  Hupeh:  vicinity  of  Ichang,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  166); 
same  locaHty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  791,  3516,  3516^). 

A  very  rare  plant  in  Hupeh,  so  far  seen  only  in  the  immediate  neighborhood  of 
Ichang. 

Sect.  FLAMMULA  Prantl. 

Ser.  Rectae  Prantl. 

Clematis  Delavayi  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
360  (1886);  PI.  Delavay.  I.  1  (1889).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  537  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  22  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  stony  places,  alt.  3000- 
3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1232;  shrub  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white); 

1  Houttuyn  did  not  make  these  combinations  attributed  to  him ;  for  the  correct 
quotations  see  the  first  two  synonyms  above. 


326  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

without  precise  locality,  alt.  3000-3500  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3115). 

A  pretty  shrub  with  small  pinnate  leaves,  silvery  below,  not  common  and  re- 
stricted to  dry,  warm  river  valleys. 

Clematis  fruticosa  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  V.  180 
(1832).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXII. 
210  (1876);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  582  (1876);  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  5 
(1890).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  331  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  537  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I. 
22  (1905). 

Clematis  recta,  a.  fruticosa  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI.  112 
{Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Monkong  Ting,  upper  valley  of  Hsao- 
chin-ho,  local,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2483;  bush  0.5-2  m.  tall, 
flowers  yellow). 

Our  specimens  are  intermediate  between  the  two  forms  distinguished  by 
Turczaninow  (1.  c),  having  the  entire  leaves  and  sub-glabrous  sepals  of  var.  a.  viridis 
and  the  acuminate  sepals  of  var.  /3.  canescens. 

This  plant  is  very  local  in  western  Szech'uan,  occurring  only  in  arid  places. 

Clematis  Armandi  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2, 
VIII.  184,  t.  2  (PL  David.  II.  2)  (1885).— Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX. 
332  (1900).  — Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bidl.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  526 
(1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  1.  11  (1905). —Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3, 
XXXVIII.  30,  t.  (1905).— Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser. 
XVII.  269  (1910). 

Clematis  hedysarifolia,  7-   Armandi  Kuntze  in   Verh.  Bot.   Ver.   Brandenb. 

XXVI.  152  (Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  Biondiana  Pavolini  in  Bull.  Soc.  Tosc.  Ort.  XXXII.  285  (1907);  in 

Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XV.  401  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m., 
April  and  July  1907  (No.  95,  in  part;  climber  2-5  m.,  flowers  white, 
fragrant);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  April  1907  (No.  95,  in 
part;  climber  2-5  m.,  evergreen,  flowers  white);  Patung  Hsien,  banks 
of  Yangtsze  river,  alt.  60  m.,  March  23,  1908  (No.  2468;  chmber  4  m., 
flowers  white);  without  locahty,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.,  Nos.  2, 
26);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1468,  3377,  5998,  7784^  5223% 
5223'',  5223'=) ;  *'  Kao-kien-sian,"  alt.  800  m.,  May-June  1907,  C.  Sil- 
yesin  (No.  629).  Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  1600  m.,  May  and  September  1908  (No.  835;  climber  3-4  m., 


EANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  327 

flowers  white);  without  precise  locahty,   alt.   300-1300  m.,   March 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3116);  Mt.  Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  4G95);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (No.  7904). 
By  the  Chinese  in  Hupeh  this  plant  is  called  Wei-ling-hsien. 

Clematis  Armandi,  f.  Farquhariana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  forma. 

A  typo  recedit  floribus  majoribus  pallide  roseis,  sepalis  ad  4  cm. 
longis  et  ad  14  mm.  latis.  Foliola  anguste  ovata,  circiter  10  cm.  longa 
et  5-5.5  cm.  lata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  800-1300  m., 
April  1907  (No.  95*;  climber  2-5  m.,  flowers  bluish). 

Distinguished  from  the  type  by  its  pale  pink  colored  flowers  which  are  usually 
also  much  larger.^ 

Clematis  uncinata  Champion  in  Hooker  Jour.  Bot.  &  Kew  Gard. 
Misc.  III.  255  (1851).  — Bentham,  FL  Hongk.  6  (1861).  —  Maximo- 
wicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peter sbourg,  XXII.  220  (1876) ;  in  Mel.  Biol. 
IX.  597  (1876).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  7  (1886).— 
Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  332  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in 
Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  523  (1903);  Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  8  (1905). 
—  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  271  (1910). — 
Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  Add.  ser.  X.  26  {Fl. 
Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Clematis  recta,  f.  chinensis,  4.  uncinata  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh. 

XXVI.  115  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  leiocarpa  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVI.  t.  1533  (1886). 
Clematis  Drakeana  Leveill6  &  Vaniot  in  BuU.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bot.  XI. 

168  (1902). 

^  In  the  affinity  of  C.  Armandi  belongs  the  following  new  species  from  Yunnan: 

Clematis  fulvicoma  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  alte  scandens  ramis  subteretibus.  Folia  subcoriacea,  ovata  v.  late 
ovata,  breviter  acuminata,  basi  leviter  cordata  v.  truncata,  sed  in  petiolum  breviter 
producta,  Integra  11-18  cm.  longa  et  8-15  cm.  lata,  palmatim  5-7-nervia,  glabra, 
laete  viridia,  concoloria,  supra  subnitcntia,  leviter  reticulata,  subtus  manifestius 
reticulata;  petioli  cirrhosi,  subteretes,  8-10  cm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  axillaris, 
racemosa,  aphylla,  5-9-flora,  pedunculata;  pedicelli  ut  rhachis  dense  pilis  brevibua 
fulvis  obtecti,  subaequilongi,  4-5  cm.  longi;  flores  desiderantur.  Achaenia  (imma- 
tura)  dense  pilis  longis  suberectis  fulvis  obtecta,  in  stylum  plumosum  fulvum 
5-7  cm.  longum  desinentia. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  southern  mountains,  A.  Henry  (No.  9377). 

Apparently  closely  related  to  C.  smilacifoliaWaWich.,  which  is  easily  distinguished, 
however,  by  its  narrower,  thicker,  not  reticulate  leaves  often  more  or  less  peltate 
at  the  base  and  by  the  grayish  and  shorter  pubescence  of  the  achenea. 


328  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1549; 
climber  4-6  m.,  flowers  white).  Hupeh  :  vicinity  of  Ichang,  thickets, 
alt.  300-1200  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  403,  in  part;  climber 
2.5-4  m.,  flowers  white);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  300-1200  m., 
May  24,  1907  (No.  403,  in  part;  chmber  2.5-4  m.  flowers  white,  fra- 
grant); without  precise  locaUty,  May  and  August  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  457,  1590);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  714%  1173, 
1553,  3622%  4385,  6008,  6212);  "Monte  di  Ki-tcen,"  alt.  600  m.,  July 
and  August  1906,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  672).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4698).  Yunnan:  vicinity 
of  Mengtze,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9431%  9431^,  9431% 
9431^^). 

Clematis  Pavoliniana  Pampanini  in  Nouv.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser. 

XVII.  270  (1910). 

Clematis  hedysarifolia,  var.  oreophila  Pavolini  in    Nuov.  Giorn.    Bot.   Ital. 
n.  ser.  XV.  401  (non  C.  oreophila  Hance)  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  vicinity  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1200  m., 
May  and  October  1907  (No.  416,  in  part;  climber  2-4  m.,  flowers 
white);  Patung  Hsien,  alt.  1000  m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No.  416, 
in  part;  chmber  2-4  m.,  flowers  white);  without  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  3529).  Szech'uan:  without  locahty,  E.  Faber  (No.  736). 
Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor. 

The  narrower  leaflets,  usually  racemose,  not  paniculate  inflorescence,  acute 
sepals  and  fulvous  awns  to  the  carpels  sufficiently  distinguish  this  species  from 
C.  Meyeniana  Walpers  with  which  it  has  been  confused  in  herbaria.  We  have 
seen  no  specimens  from  central  or  western  China  which  could  be  referred  to  C. 
Meyeniana  Walpers,  and  it  is  probable  that  this  species  is  restricted  to  southern 
and  sub-tropical  parts  of  China.  We  suspect  that  many  of  the  specimens  referred 
to  C.  Meyeniana  by  Finet  &  Gagnepain  (Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  15  (1905)),  belong 
to  C.  Pavoliniana. 

C.  Pavoliniana  is  very  common  in  the  glens  and  ravines  round  Ichang  up  to 
1000  m.  alt. 

Clematis  quinquefoliolata  Hutchinson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLI. 

3  (1907). 

Clematis  Meyeniana  heterophylla  Gagnepain  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin. 
3  fig.  (1904). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  426,  in  part;  climber  3-5  m.,  flowers  white);  without  local- 
ity, July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1442,  2310);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  4185,  4332).    Eastern  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  329 

Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  and  October  1907  (No.  426,  in  part; 
climber  3-5  m.,  flowers  white). 

Very  common  in  western  Hupeh  up  to  1300  m.  alt.  The  fulvous  colored  awns 
are  strikingly  handsome. 

Clematis  obscura  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XL  6  (1890). 
Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1100  m.,  June 

1907  (No.  2478;  climber  2-3m.,  flowers  white).  Western  Sze- 
ch'uan  :  near  Chungking,  banks  of  Yangtsze  river,  alt.  300  m.,  April 

1908  (No.  2471;  chmber  2-3  m.,  flowers  white);  Chiu-ting-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  1300-1500  m..  May  26,  1908  (No.  2472;  climber 
2-4  m.,  flowers  white,  fragrant);  near  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2300- 
2600  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4549;  climber  2-3  m.,  flowers  white). 
Shensi :  north-west  of  Han-cheng  Hsien,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  382). 

This  plant  always  dries  black  and  at  first  sight  suggests  a  large-flowered  variety 
of  Clematis  chinensis  Retzius.  The  leaves,  however,  are  usually  pinnately  7-folio- 
late,  the  basal  pair  being  often  trifid  or  even  trifoliolate.  The  leaflets  vary  con- 
siderably in  size  and  shape  and  in  depth  of  the  incisions;  the  flowers  are  often  4  cm. 
across,  with  5-8  sepals  and  are  fragrant;  the  awns  are  fulvous-brown. 

Clematis  chinensis  Retzius,  Observ.  II.  18,  No.  53,  t.  2  (1781).— 
De  Candolle,  Syst.  1. 137  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  3  (1824).  —  Forbes  in  Jour. 
Bot.  XXII.  262  (1884).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  3 
(1886).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  332  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  535  (pro  parte)  (1903) ;  Contrih.  Fl. 
As.  Or.  I.  20  (pro  parte)  (1905). 

Clematis  sinensis  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  345  (1790). 

Clematis  minor  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  345  (1790).  —  De  Candolle  Syst.  I.  136 

(1818).  —  Forbes  in  Jour.  Bot.  XXII.  263  (1884). 
Clematis  recta,  $.  chinensis  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI.  114 

{Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  funebris  Leveill6  &  Vanoit  in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bot.  XI.  168 

(1902). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  30,  1903  (No.  1550; 
climber  2.5-3  m.,  flowers  white).  Western  Hupeh:  Ichang, 
thickets,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  June  6- August  1907  (Nos.  2473,  2477; 
climbers  2-3  m.,  flowers  white);  without  locality,  August  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  1679,  1306);  without  locality,  A.  Hennj  (Nos.  1601, 
4328,4348,6220).  Western  Szech'u an:  Kiating  Fu,  roadside 
thickets,  alt.  300-600  m.,  September  5,  1908  (No.  1357;  chmber  2- 
3  m.,  flowers  white,  fragrant);  banks  of  Yangtsze  river,  April  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  3124). 


330  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

This  species  has  been  much  confused  with  that  named  by  Hemsley  C.  Ben- 
thamiana.  The  differences  pointed  out  by  Forbes  (1.  c.)  seem  to  us  sufficient  to 
make  the  separation  of  these  species  possible.  The  Chinese  name  in  Hupeh  for 
this  plant  is  Chin-Iung-hsii. 

Clematis  chinensis,  f.  vestita  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  f. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  foliisque  sparse  pubescentibus  et  stylis 
achaeniorum  pilis  albido-brunneis  plumosis. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt. 
300-1100  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2474;  climber  2-3  m.,  flowers  white.) 

Differs  from  the  type  in  having  the  shoots  and  leaves  everywhere  sparsely 
pubescent;  the  awns,  too,  are  brownish- white. 

Clematis  Benthamiana  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  2 
(1886).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add.  ser.  X. 
26  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Clematis  ternifolia  Bentham,  Fl.  Hongk.  7  (1861),  sphalmate  pro  C.  terniflora. 
Clematis  terniflora  Forbes  in  Jour.  Bot.  XXII.  263  (non  De  Candolle)  (1884). 
Clematis  chinensis  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  535  (pro 

parte,  non  Retzius)  (1903) ;  Contrih.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  20  (pro  parte,  non  Retzius) 

(1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changlo  Hsien,  alt.  600-1000  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  2475;  climber  2-4  m,,  flowers  white);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  300-1000  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2476;  climber,  flowers  white); 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1062,  1497,  1518,  2773,  4368). 
Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor. 

This,  like  Clematis  chinensis  Retzius,  is  a  low-level  species  very  common  all  over 
the  warmer  parts  of  China.  The, leaves  are  usually  more  coriaceous  than  those 
of  C.  chinensis.  Forbes  (1.  c.)  gives  a  good  account  of  the  differences  between  C. 
Benthamiana  and  C.  chinensis,  but  makes  the  mistake  of  retaining  the  name  C. 
terniflora  for  the  former.  That  name,  however,  belongs  to  C.  recta,  var.  mandshurica 
Maximowicz,  as  Staunton's  specimen  which  must  be  considered  the  type  of  De 
Candolle's  C.  terniflora  represents  C.  recta,  var.  mandshurica,  while  C.  Flammula 
var.  of  Linnaeus'  herbarium,  which  is  also  quoted  by  De  Candolle  as  a  synonym 
of  C.  terniflora  and  entered  partly  into  his  description  belongs,  according  to  Forbes, 
to  C.  chinensis.  If,  therefore,  C.  recta,  var.  mandshurica  is  raised  to  specific  rank 
the  name  C.  terniflora  must  replace  C.  mandshurica  Ruprecht. 

Clematis  paniculata  Thunberg  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  337  (1794).  — 
De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  136  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  3  (1824).  —  Miquel  in 
Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  1  (1867).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enuin. 
PI.  Jap.  I.  1  (1875).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
hourg,  XXII.  219  (1876);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  595  (1876).  —  Franchet  in 
Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  V.  164  (PI.  David.  I.  12)  (1882).  — 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  331 

Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  6  (1886).  —  Sargent  in  Garden 
and  Forest,  III.  620,  fig.  82  (1890).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX. 
332  (1900).  — Mottet  in  Rev.  Hort.  1902,  86,  fig.  31.  —  Pampanini 
in  Nouv.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  s.  XVII.  270  (1910). 

Clematis  Vitalba  e  Japonia  Houttuyn,  Pflanzensyst.  VII.  309,  t.  55,  f.  2  (1781). 

Clematis  crispa  Thunberg,  Ft.  Jap.  239  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784). 

Clematis  virginica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  230  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784). 

Clematis  Flammula  robusta,  Carriere  in  Rev.   Hort.  1874,  465,  fig.  59;  1899, 

529,  fig.  227. 
Clematis  recta,  rr.  paniculata  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI.  115 

{Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  recta  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  535  (1903); 

Conlrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  20  (non  Linnaeus)  (1905). 

Kiangsi:  Kiukiang  plain,  hedgerows,  common,  alt.  100  m.,  July 
27,  1907  (No.  1548;  climber  5  m.,  flowers  white).  Hupeh:  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  309). 


Ser.  MoNTANAE  Schneider.^ 

Clematis  gracilifolia  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  scandens,  2-3-metralis,  ramis  leviter  sulcatis  subteretibus; 
ramuli  hornotini  adpresse  cinereo-villosuli,  annotini  glabri,  fusci. 
Folia  decidua,  pinnata,  plerumque  5-,  interdum  7-foliolata;  foliola 
ovata  V.  oblongo-ovata,  breviter  petiolulata,  basi  late  cuneata, 
acuta,  grosse  v.  inciso-dentata  dentibus  utrinque  1-3  mucronatis, 
terminale  saepe  tripartitum,  1-1.5  cm.  longa  et  0.5-1  cm.  lata,  utrinque 
adpresse  pilosa,  maturitate  chartacea,  obscure  viridia,  concoloria, 
costa  et  nervis  secundariis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  2-3.5  cm.  longi, 
cirrhosi,  sparse  pilosi.  Flores  albi,  2.5-3  cm.  diam.,  1-4-fasciculati, 
e  gemmis  perulatis  simul  cum  foliis  orientes;  pedicelli  graciles,  2-5 
cm.  longi,  nudi,  accumbenti-villosi ;  sepala  4,  patentia,  obovata  v. 
oblongo-obovata,  apice  rotundata,  basi  sensim  cuneata,  circiter 
1.5  cm.  longa  et  7-10  mm.  lata;  stamina  2-3-seriata,  filamentis  4-6 
mm.   longis    complanatis    linearibus   quam    antherae    angustioribus 

*  To  this  section  belongs  also  the  following  species  not  collected  during  the 
Arnold  Arboretum  Expeditions: 

Clematis  fasciculiflora  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  I.  5  (1889).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain 
in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  523  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  8  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  exact  locality,  alt.  2000  m.,  September  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3127).  Yunnan:  Mengtze.  alt.  1600-1800  m.,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  10114,  13627);  Szemao,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10114''):  Yuanchiang, 
alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  11575). 


332  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

glabris,  antheris  anguste  oblongis  pallidis  1.5-2  mm.  longis  glabris 
obtusis,  loculis  marginalibus;  pistilla  stamina  paullo  superantia, 
ovario  ovoideo  complanato  glabro,  stylo  5-6  mm.  longo  piloso,  stig- 
mate  recurvo  glabro.  Achaenia  circiter  10,  brunnea,  ovoidea,  circiter 
6  mm.  longa  et  3  mm.  lata,  glabra  in  stylum  persistentem  pilis  longis 
plumosum  curvatum  1.5-2  cm.  longum  attenuata. 

WesternSzech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  4000-4300  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  2480,  type);  Min  Valley  near 
Mao-chou,  alt.  2300  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4045);  vicinity  of 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600  m.,  September  1910  (No.  4345). 

Western  Kansu:  Min-chou,  alt.  2600  m.,  1911,  and  Choni  dis- 
trict, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  1911,  W.  Purdom. 

A  pretty  species  closely  related  to  C.  montana  Buchanan-Hamilton  from  which 
it  is  readily  distinguished  by  its  small,  pinnate  leaves.  Though  rather  widely 
distributed  this  new  species  is  nowhere  common. 

Clematis  montana  Buchanan-Hamilton  apud  De  Candolle,  Syst 
I.  164  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  9  (1824).  —  Wallich  PI.  As.  Ear.  III.  t.  217 
(1832).  —  Sweet  Brit.  Fl.  Gard.  ser.  2,  II.  t.  253  (1835).  —  Lindley  in 
Bot.  Reg.  XXVL  t.  53  (1840).  —  i^ey.  Hort  1856,  161,  f.  43.— 
Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  2  (1872).  — 
Lavall^e,  Clem.  t.  XXII  (1884).— Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb. 
XXVL  141  (Monog.  Clem.)  (1885).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus. 
Paris,  ser.  2.  VIII.  184  (PL  David.  II.  2)  (1885-86);  PL  Delavay.  I. 
5  (1889).  — Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  333  (1900).  —  Finet  & 
Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  524  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  I.  9  (1905). 

Clematis  anemoniflora  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  192  (1825). 

Clematis  Punduana  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  4682  (nomen  nudum)  (1828). 

Anemone  curta  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  4690  (nomen  nudum)  (1828). 

Clematis  montana,  b.  normalis  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.   Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI. 

141  (Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  Kuntziana  L^veille  &  Vaniot  in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Giog,  Bot.  XI. 

171  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
August  1907  (No.  2464;  climber  3-5  m.,  flowers  white);  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6887).  Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi 
Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  May  1908  (No. 
2460;  climber  3  m.,  flowers  white);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan- 
shan,  margins  of  woods,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4145; 
dimber  3-6  m.). 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  333 

This  variable  species  is  abundant  on  the  mountains  of  central  and  western 
China.  Of  the  specimens  we  have  referred  to  the  typical  form  that  from  Szech'uan 
has  small  and  often  entire  leaflets.  The  varieties  ruhens  Wilson  and  Wilsonii 
Sprague  show  a  greater  divergence  from  the  type  than  any  of  the  Himalayan 
specimens  we  have  seen. 

Clematis  montana,  var.  grandiflora  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXX.  t. 

4061  (1844). 

Clematis  montana,  8.  normalis,  7.  anemoniflora  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.   Ver. 
Brandenb.  XXVI.  141  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2800  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2462;  climber  4-5  m.,  flowers  white); 
Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4693) ;  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu, 
alt.  3000-4500  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  125). 

This  Chinese  form  is  very  handsome. 

Clematis  montana,  var.  rubens  Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  252, 
fig.  (1905).— Jouin  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XVI.  257  (1907).  — 
Morel  in  Rev.  Hort.  1909,  35,  fig.  10,  t. 

?  Clematis  montana,  5.  normalis,  10.  rubens  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb. 
XXVI.  142  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 

Western  Hup  eh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
2300  m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No.  587,  in  part;  climber  2-4  m., 
flowers  rose-pink);  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  587,  in  part;  flowers  rose-pink);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 
1300-2300  m..  May  25,  1907  (No.  587,  in  part;  cHmber  2-4  m.,  flowers 
rose-pink) ;  Fang  Hsien,  thickets  and  rocky  places,  alt.  2000-2600  m., 
May  27,  1907  (No.  2465;  climber  2-3  m.,  flowers  white  with  rose- 
pink  reverse);  without  locality,  May  and  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  633,  889);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5437,  5437^). 
Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Niu-tou-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  2463;  climber  4  m.,  flowers 
white  with  rose-pink  reverse);  Chiu-ting-shan,  alt.  1600  m.,  May  22, 
1908  (No.  2466;  climber  4  m.,  flowers  rose-pink). 

The  foliage  of  this  variety  is  very  dark  coloured  and  readily  distinguishes  the 
plant  when  out  of  flower.  As  Sprague  (Bot.  Mag.  sub  t.  8365)  has  pointed  out, 
there  is  considerable  doubt  as  to  this  Chinese  plant  being  the  same  as  the  Indian 
plant  to  which  Kuntze  applied  his  name  rubens,  basing  it  upon  a  statement  of 
Hooker  &  Thomson.    By  the  Chinese  in  Hupeh  this  plant  is  called  Ta-huai-t'ung. 

Clematis  montana,  var.  Wilsonii  Sprague  in  Bot.  Mag,  CXXXVII. 
t.  8365  (1910).  — Horticulture,  XL  367,  fig.  (1910). 


334  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Clematis  repens  Veitch,  Novelties  for  1908-1909,  4,  fig.  (non  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain)  (1908).  —  De  Corte  in  Rev.  Hort.  Belg.  XXXV.  108,  t.  (1909). 

Hupeh:  " Kian-scian,"  alt.  2000  m.,  September  1907,  C.  Silvestri 
(No.  631).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000- 
2600  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  868'';  climber  3  m.,  flowers 
white);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  November  1908  (No. 
1303;  cHmber  4-6  m.);  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4318;  climber  5-8  m.);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  41 10;  large 
climber  6  m.) ;  without  precise  locaHty,  October  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3114^).  Yunnan:  mountains  north  of  Mengtze,  alt.  2300  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  10748). 

This  most  distinct  variety  is  the  commonest  form  in  western  Szech'uan. 

Clematis  montana,  var.  Wilsonii,  f.  platysepala  Rehder  &  Wilson, 
n.  forma. 

A  varietate  Wilsonii  recedit  sepalis  late  obovatis  apice  rotundatis 
V.  truncatis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.,  2000-2600  m., 
June  1908  (No.  2461,  type;  climber  3-4  m.,  flowers  white);  west  and 
near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2800  m.,  July  and  October  1908 
(No.  1003;  climber  4-5  m.,  flowers  white). 

This  form  is  distinguished  by  its  broadly  obovate,  rounded  or  truncate  sepals; 
the  flowers  are  very  round  in  shape  and  produced  at  the  same  time  as  the  leaves. 

Clematis  Spooneri  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Clematis  montana,  var.  sericea  Franchet  apud  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  525  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  10  (1905). 

Frutex  scandens,  3-6-metralis  ramis  teretibus;  ramuli  hornotini 
dense  breviter  villosi,  annotini  glabrescentes,  castaneo-brunnei, 
vetustiores  cinereo-brunnei ;  gemmae  oblongo-ovatae,  densissime 
villosae.  Foha  decidua,  3-foHolata,  foliola  ovata  v.  ovalia,  rarius 
elliptica,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late,  rarius 
angustius  cuneata,  plerumque  supra  medium  utrinque  dente  unico 
late  ovato  mucronato  instituta,  rarius  utrinque  2-4-dentata,  2.5-8  cm. 
longa  et  2-4.5  cm.  lata,  utrinque  sericea,  subtus  densius  indumento 
initio  flavo-nitente,  maturitate  chartacea,  firma,  costa  et  nervis 
supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis,  folia  lateralia  breviter  petiolulata 
paullo  minora  quam  folium  terminale  longius  petiolulatum  petiolo 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  335 

0.4-1  cm.  longo,  plerumque  basi  cuneatum;  petioli  villosi,  robusti, 
3.5-8.5  cm.  longi,  ea  turionum  cirrhosi.  Flores  solitarii  v.  bini,  e 
gemmis  perulatis  in  axillis  ramulorum  anni  praeteriti  simul  cum 
foliis  orientes,  albi,  6-8.5  cm.  diam.;  pedicelli  teretes,  robusti,  8-18 
cm.  longi,  dense  villosi;  sepala  4,  obovata  v.  fere  orbicularia,  3-4  cm. 
longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  apice  emarginata  v.  mucronata,  extus  dense 
flavido-villosa,  marginem  versus  glabrescentia;  stamina  glabra,  stylis 
paullo  longiora,  filamentis  brunneis  compressis  linearibus  1-1.5  cm. 
longis,  antheris  pallidis  lineari-oblongis  3-4  mm.  longis.  Achaenia 
numerosa,  ovoidea,  compressa,  4-5  mm.  longa,  brunnea,  dense  pilosa, 
stipitata,  apice  in  stylum  persistentem  longe  plumosum  circiter  3  cm. 
longum  attenuata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  and  August 
1908  (No.  868,  type);  same  locality,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  October  1908 
(No.  SeS^');  same  locality,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4373);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1331);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2600  m., 
July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3114). 

The  relatively  thick  leaves  densely  covered  with  yellowish  silky  hairs,  the 
sericeous  flowers  and  particularly  the  densely  pilose  achenes  readily  distinguish 
this  species  from  C.  montana  Buchanan-Hamilton  and  all  its  numerous  varieties 
and  forms.  It  appears  to  us  more  closely  allied  to  C.  chrysocoma  Franchet  in  which, 
however,  the  flowers  are  pink  and  produced  on  the  shoots  of  the  current  season. 
The  flowers  of  C.  Spooneri  are  of  much  substance  and  very  beautiful.  The  plant 
grows  naturally  in  rocky  places  fully  exposed  to  the  sun  and  is  very  floriferous. 
The  varietal  name  sericea  applied  by  Franchet  to  this  plant  cannot  be  used  specifi- 
cally as  there  is  a  C.  sericea  Humboldt,  Bonpland  &  Kunth;  there  is  also  another 
American  species  of  the  same  name,  C.  sericea  Michaux.i 

In  raising  this  plant  to  specific  rank  we  have  thought  it  advisable  to  draw  up 
a  complete  description  since  the  distinguishing  characters  given  by  Franchet  are 
very  brief. 

Ser.  ViTALBAE  Prantl. 

Clematis  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  VIII.  273  (1894).— 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  523  (1903);  Contrib. 
Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  8  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  thick- 
ets, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4144;  climber  3-6  m.). 
Western  Kansu:  Tow  river,  alt.  3000  m.,  1911,  W.  Purdom. 

'  Named  for  my  friend,  Herman  Spooner,  who  assisted  in  the  distribution  of 
my  early  collections  and  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  valued  services  on  many  oc- 
casions. —  E.  H.  W. 


336  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

This  species  differs  from  the  other  species  of  this  group  in  the  inflorescence 
which  is  reduced  to  one  or  three  large  flowers;  it  thus  forms  a  transition  to  the 
preceding  group,  but  the  flowers,  even  when  solitary,  are  always  borne  on  dis- 
tinct peduncles  in  the  axils  of  the  leaves  of  young  branches. 

Clematis  Fargesii,  var.  Souliei  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc. 
Bot.  France,  L.  523  (1903);  Contrih.  Fl  As.  Or.  I.  8  (1905). 

Clematis  Souliei  Franchet  mss.  ex  Finet  &  Gagnepain,  1.  c.  (quasi  synon.). 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan, 
forest  glades,  alt.  3300  m.,  July  4,  1908  (No.  2467;  flowers  pure  white) ; 
without  precise  locahty,  woods,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3117).     Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  540). 

This  very  handsome  plant  is  not  common  and  is  always  found  in  woodlands. 
In  addition  to  the  characters  mentioned  by  Franchet  it  seems  to  differ  from  the 
type  in  the  often  narrower  leaflets  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base  and  glabrescent 
beneath. 

Clematis  apiifolia  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  149  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  6 
(1824).  — Hooker  &  Arnott,  Bot.  Voy.  Beechey,  258  (1841).  — Max- 
imowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XXII.  218  (1876);  in  Mel. 
Biol.  IX.  593  (1876).  — Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI. 
151  (Monog.  Clem.)  (1885).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII. 
2  (1886).  — Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  531 
(1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  16  (1905). 

Clematis  virginiana  Loureiro  Fl.  Cochin.  345  (non  Linnaeus)  (1790). 

We  have  seen  no  specimens  from  western  China  referable  to  the  Japanese  form. 
This  species  has  been  placed  by  Prantl  and  Schneider  into  the  subsection  Rectae 
but  it  seems  to  us  much  more  closely  related  to  C.  grata  WaUich  than  to  any  other 
species. 

Clematis  apiifolia,  var.  obtusidentata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  scandens,  3-4-metralis  ramulis  hornotinis  pubescentibus 
sulcatis.  FoHo  longe  petiolata,  3-foliolata,  foliola  late  ovata  v.  ovata, 
acuminata,  basi  truncata  v.  subcordata,  rarius  late  cuneata,  grosse 
dentata  dentibus  late  ovatis  v.  fere  rotundatis  obtusis  et  plerumque 
mucronulatis,  5-9  cm.  longa  et  4-7.5  cm.  lata,  supra  sparse,  subtus 
densius  adpresse  pilosa;  petiolulus  terminalis  2-4  cm.  longus,  laterales 
1-2.5  cm.  longi.  Achaenia  elliptico-ovata,  breviter  subaccumbenti- 
villosa,  4  mm.  longa.     Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1-2000  m.,  August 
and  October  1907  (No.  427^,  type);    Changlo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt. 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  337 

1600-2300  m.,  June  and  August,  1907  (No.  1233=^);  Ichang,  A.  Henry 
(No.  1556). 

The  broader  and  larger,  more  pubescent  leaflets  usually  truncate  or  subcordate 
at  the  base,  less  deeply  incised,  with  obtuse  and  broader  teeth  generally  distin- 
guish this  variety  from  the  type.  The  specimens  before  us  strongly  suggest  that 
they  belong  to  C.  grata  Wallich,  but  we  have  referred  them  to  C.  apiifolia  D.  C., 
chiefly  on  account  of  their  3-foliolate  leaves.  The  Vitnlba  group  is  extremely 
puzzling  and  none  of  the  species  have  clearly  defined  limits. 

No.  1233^*  has  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  densely  clothed  with  soft,  gray 
villose  pubescence. 

Clematis  grata  Wallich  PL  As.  Rar.  I.  83,  t.  98  (1830).— Hooker  f. 
&  Thomson  m  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  3  (1875).  —  Hemsley  in 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  3  (1886).  —  Pampanini  in  Nouv.  Giorn.  Bot. 
Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  269  (1910). 

Clematis  Vitalba,  e.  grata  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI.  100 

(Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  Vitalba,  y.  CI.  grata  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L. 

532  (pro  parte)  (1903);  Contrib.  PI.  As.  Or.  I.  17  (pro  parte)  (1905). 

The  typical  form  as  represented  by  Wallich's  figure  quoted  above,  apparently 
does  not  occur  in  China. 

Clematis  grata,  var.  lobulata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Clematis  Vitalba,  y.  CI.  grata  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France 
L.  532  (pro  parte)  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  17  (pro  parte)  (1905). 

A  typo  recedit  foliolis  saepe  3-lobatis  v.  3-fidis  magis  acuminatis 
basi  rotundatis  v.  cordatis  utrinque  dense  molliter  accumbenti-villosis 
grossius  et  paucius  dentatis  dentibus  utrinque  plerumque  1-4  late 
ovatis  rotundatis  et  mucronulatis  rarius  acutis. 

Western  Hupeh:  vicinity  of  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  4330,  type); 
Patung  Hsien,  thickets  and  stony  places,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  August 
and  December  1907  (No.  665) ;  Ichang  and  immediate  neighbourhood, 
A.Henry  (No.  2721).  Szech'uan:  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (No. 
7230).  Formosa:  1864,  Richard  Oldham;  South  Cape,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  904,  904'*). 

This  is  a  fairly  common  low-level  plant  ip  western  Hupeh  being  usually  found 
in  stony  places  by  the  side  of  streams  or  roads  fully  exposed  to  the  sun.  It  differs 
from  Wallich's  figure  in  its  more  acuminate,  often  trifid  or  sometimes  3-foliolate 
leaflets,  with  fewer,  much  coarser  teeth.  From  C.  grata,  var.  grandidentata  Rehder 
&  Wilson  it  is  readily  distinguished  by  its  smaller,  often  trifid  or  3-foliolate,  more 
acuminate  leaflets,  usually  5-6  cm.  long  and  3-5  cm.  broad  and  generally  cordate 
at  the  base,  by  the  more  numerous  flowered  cymes  and  small,  green,  leaf-like 
bracts.    It  is  also  a  more  hairy  and  much  less  ornamental  plant. 


338  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Clematis  grata,  var.  grandidentata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Clematis  grata  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  333  (1900). 
Clematis  grata,  f.  glabrata  Pritzel,  1.  c.  (nomen  nudum). 

Clematis  Vitalba,  y.  CI.  grata  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
L.  532  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  17  (pro  parte)  (1905). 

Frutex  scandens,  3-10-metralis,  ramulis  hornotinis  pubescentibus 
sulcatis.  Foliola  3-5,  lateralia  ovata,  5-9  cm,  longa  et  3-6,  plerumque 
7  cm.  lata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  rarius  subcordata  v.  late 
cuneata,  inciso-dentata  infra  medium  plerumque  Integra  dentibus 
utrinque  plerumque  5-6  inaequalibus  late  triangulari-ovatis  acutis 
et  mucronulatis  patentibus  et  apice  interdum  leviter  recurvo  sinubus 
saepe  fere  angulum  rectum  formantibus,  petiolulo  0.5-11  cm.  longo 
breviter  villoso,  folium  terminale  late  ovatum  v.  obovatum,  saepe 
trilobum,  5-9  cm.  longum  et  4-8  cm.  latum,  petiolulo  ad  4  cm.  longo, 
foliola  supra  sparse  adpresse  pilosa,  maturitate  glabrescentia,  subtus 
breviter  adpresse  sericeo-pilosa,  densius  ad  nervos,  interdum  glabres- 
centia. Flores  in  cymis  3-fioris  axillaribus  ramulorum  apicem  versus 
paniculas  aphyllas  formantibus.     Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Hupeh :  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600  m., 
May  and  August  1907  (No.  no,  type);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1000-1600  m..  May  and  September  1907  (No.  338);  Fang  Hsien, 
thickets  and  margins  of  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  May  and  October 
1907  (Nos.  427,  427*);  without  locahty,  June  and  July  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  974,  1308^^);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  2015, 
5647%  5578);  "Ma-pan-scian,"  alt.  1000  m..  May  1901,  C.  Silvestri  (No. 
630).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  iioo);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1233) ;  Mt. 
Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4697);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
3000-4500  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  78);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
5578,  5647,  7267) ;  without  locahty,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (Nos.  2023,  2538). 
Shensi:  north-west  of  Hancheng  Hsien,  1910,  TV.  Purdom  (No. 
381);  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  1). 

The  large,  coarsely  toothed  leaflets  readily  distinguish  this  variety  from  the 
type.  It  is  a  mountain  plant  abundant  in  the  thickets,  margins  of  woods  and 
copses  throughout  central  and  western  China.  Under  the  name  Mu-t'ung  this 
plant  is  valued  in  Chinese  medicine  as  an  emetic,  purgative  and  vesicant.  A 
picture  of  it  will  be  found  under  No.  0136  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs. 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  339 

Clematis  Gouriana  Roxburgh  apud  De  Candollc,  Syst.  1. 138  (1818); 
Prodr.  1.  3  (1824).  —  Roxburgh,  Fl  Ind.  II.  670  (1832).  —  Wight, 
Icon.  III.  fig.  933,  934  (1843-1850). —  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  4  (1875).  —  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort. 
Petrop.  XI.  9  (1890).  —  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  332  (1900). 

Clematis  Gouriana  Roxburgh,  Cat.  Hort.  Beng.  43  (nomen  nudum)  (1814). 

Clematis  cana  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  4672  (nomen  nudum)  (1828). 

Clematis  Vitalba,  a.  Gauriana  [sic]  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenh.  XXVI. 

100  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 
Clematis  substipulata  Kuntze,  1.  c.  147  (1885). 
Clematis  Vitalba,  /3.  CI.  Gouriana  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bot.  France, 

L.  532  (1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  17  (1905). 

Western  Szeeh'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1000-1300  m.,  July  and  November  1908  (No.  1229;  climber  3-6 
m.,  flowers  white);  Mt.  Omei,  September  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
4694).  Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  July  and  September 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1706,  2397);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  2946,  4329);  vicinity  of  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  3090). 
Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom.  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt. 
1500-1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9104,  10148);  Mi-le  district,  A.  Henry 
(No.  10306);  Szemao,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  13432). 

This  rather  variable  species  is  widely  distributed  in  China  and  is  very  abundant 
throughout  the  warmer  parts  of  the  Empire.  The  flowers  are  small,  borne  in 
very  large  axillary  and  terminal  panicles.  The  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size 
and  are  either  glabrous  or  puberulous,  entire  or  more  or  less  toothed.  In  No.  1229 
the  leaves  are  more  coarsely  toothed  than  usual. 

The  perulate  character  on  which  Kuntze  based  his  C.  substipulata,  is  common 
to  C.  Gouriana  and  its  varieties,  and  can  always  be  found  on  any  plant  of  this 
species,  and  especially  on  the  stronger  shoots. 

Clematis  Gouriana,  var.  Finetii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  achaeniis  glabris,  atrobrunneis,  orbiculari-ovoideis 
compressis. 

Clematis  Vitalba,  /3.  CI.  Gouriana,  forma  substipiilafa  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in 
Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  532  (pro  parte,  non  C.  substipulata  O.  Kuntze) 
(1903);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  17  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m., 
July  and  December  1907  (No.  672,  type;  climber  3-5  m.);  north  and 
south  of  Ichang,  alt.  000-1300  m.,  July  and  December  1907  (No. 
672^);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6461). 

In  the  Gray  Herbarium  there  is  a  specimen  collected  in  Concan,  by  Stocks, 
which  is  presumably  the  same  as  that  on  which  Kuntze  founded  his  C.  substipulata 


340  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

var.  acuta.  The  branches  are  perulate  and  the  achenes  villose.  The  latter  char- 
acter we  assume  to  be  normal  in  Kuntze's  species,  since  he  says  nothing  to  the 
contrary. 

Clematis  brevicaudata  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  138  (1818);  Prodr.  I. 
3  (1824).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XXII. 
216  (1876);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  592  (1876);  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  8 
(1890).  — Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  V.  166  (PL 
David.  I.  14)  (1882).— Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  3  (1886).— 
Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  332  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in 
Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  533  (1903);  Cojitrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  I.  18  (1905). 

Clematis  Vitalha,  7-  brevicaudata  Kuntze  in  Verh.  Bot.  Ver.  Brandenb.  XXVI. 
100  {Monog.  Clem.)  (1885). 

Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  September  1900  (Veiteh 
Exped.  No.  1723);  vicinity  of  Ichang,  A.  Hennj  (Nos.  4341,  4361). 

This  species  is  widely  distributed  and  is  most  polymorphic  in  character.  The 
varieties  described  by  us  are  strikingly  distinct  from  the  type,  yet  we  cannot  sepa- 
rate them  specifically.  The  Hupeh  material  referred  to  the  type  differs  from  a 
specimen  collected  at  Peking  (Herb.  Hance,  No.  12703)  in  having  more  slender 
stamens  with  larger  anthers,  and  darker  colored  plumes  to  the  achenes.  We  are 
disposed  to  regard  the  Japanese  C.  Pierotii  Miquel  as  a  variety  of  this  species. 
We  strongly  suspect,  too,  that  some  of  the  specimens  referred  by  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain to  C.  parviloba,  var.  glabrescens  really  belong  to  C.  brevicaudata. 

Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  tenuisepala  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort. 
Petrop.  XI.  9  (1890). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tu-ti-liang-shan,  near  Lungan  Fu,  thickets, 

alt.  2000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4547;  climber  3-4  m.,  flowers  white). 

Our  specimen  agrees  with  Maximowicz's  description,  except  that  the  sepals  are 
more  pubescent. 

Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  lissocarpa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  scandens,  2-4-metralis  ramulis  glabris  sulcatis.  Folia 
majora  ad  25  cm.  longa,  in  sicco  nigrescentia,  bipinnata  v.  bipinnati- 
secta  segmentis  primariis  5-7,  inferioribus  longe  petiolulatis  trifo- 
liatis  V.  trisectis,  superioribus  simplicibus,  folia  ramulorum  floriferorum 
saepe  pinnata,  f oliolis  3-7 ;  f oliola  ovata,  rarius  ovato-lanceolata,  acu- 
minata, basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  rarius  late  cuneata,  sparse  supra 
medium  serrata,  rarius  integra,  3-7  cm.  longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra 
ad  venas  sparse  pubescentia,  subtus  glabra;  petioluli  primarii  1-3  cm. 
longi,  rarius  longiores,  secundarii  ad  1  cm.  longi,  terminalis  longior; 
petioli  5-7  cm.  longi.  Inflorescentiae  axillares  et  terminales,  plerum- 
que  folio  longiores,  late  paniculatae  v.  fere  corymbosae  e  cymis  trichoto- 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  341 

mis  compositae;  pedicclli  temies,  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  infra  medium  bracteis 
2  parvis  lanceolatis  v.  interdum  subulatis  instituti;  flores  circiter  2  cm. 
diam.,  albi;  alabastra  nutantia,  obovoidea,  apice  obtusa;  stamina  gla- 
bra, stylis  longiora,  antheris  oblongo-ovoideis,  1  mm.  longis.  Achaenia 
glabra. 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  31,  1907  (No.  1552, 
type);  same  locality,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  July  1907  (Nos.  1551,  I553)- 
Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6462). 

This  is  a  vigorous  growing  plant  distinguished  from  the  type  chiefly  by  its 
glabrous  achenes  and  larger  leaflets.  It  is  more  closely  allied  to  the  variety  sub- 
sericca  Rehder  &  Wilson  which  has  much  smaller,  pinnate  leaves  pubescent  below, 
the  inflorescence  less  than  half  the  length  of  the  leaves  and  without  leafy  bracts. 
Henry's  specimen  differs  in  having  coarsely  toothed  leaves  sparsely  pubescent 
below  and  in  these  characters  closely  resembles  the  typical  C.  brevicaudaia  but  in 
its  glabrous  achenes  and  other  respects  it  agrees  closely  with  this  variety. 

Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  subsericea  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  scandens,  2-4-metralis,  ramulis  hornotinis  initio  puberulis. 
Folia  pinnata,  in  sicco  nigrescentia;  foliola  ovata  v.  ovato-elliptica, 
inferiora  3-loba  v.  3-partita,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  subcordata, 
Integra  v.  utrinque  dentibus  parvis  1-3  mucronulatis,  3-4.5  cm.  longa 
et  1.5-2.5  cm.  lata,  3-loba  ad  4  cm.  lata,  supra  glabrescentia,  subtus 
breviter  sericeo-pilosa;  petioluli  5-10  mm.  longi;  petioli  2-2.5  cm.  longi. 
Inflorescentia  axillaris,  corymbosa,  folio  brevior,  pluriflora,  pluries  tri- 
chotoma;  pedicelli  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  fere  glabri;  flores  2-2.5  cm.  diam., 
albi,  fragrantes;  stamina  glabra,  exteriora  stylos  superantia,  interiora 
aequantia,  filamentis  complanatis,  antheris  ovoideis.    Achaenia  glabra. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yachou  Fu,  roadsides,  alt.  300-600  m., 
September  1908  (No.  2479). 

The  larger,  more  fleshy,  entire  or  sparsely  toothed  leaflets  densely  pubescent 
below,  larger  more  numerous  flowers,  larger  anthers  and  glabrous  achenes  suffi- 
ciently distinguish  this  variety  from  the  type. 

Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  filipes  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Ramuli  glabri,  leviter  sulcati.  Folia  tenuia,  in  sicco  brunnescentia,  pinnatim 
5-7-foliolata;  foliola  ovata  v.  late  ovato-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v. 
truncata,  Integra,  sed  segmenta  inferiora  interdum  profunde  3-lobata,  4-6  cm. 
longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra  ad  venas  sparse  pubescentia,  subtus  glabra;  petioluli 
graciles,  1-2.5  cm.  longi;  petioli  4.5-7  cm.  longi,  glabra.  Inflorescentia  axillaris, 
longe  pedunculata,  cymosa,  7-9-flora,  folio  brevior;  pedicelli  tenues,  2-3.5  cm. 
longi,  infra  medium  bracteis  2  minutis  subulatis  instituti;  alabastra  obovoidea, 
obtusa;  sepala  anguste  oblonga,  6-8  cm.  longa;  stamina  stylis  longiora,  filamentis 
filiformibus,  antheris  ovoideis  vix  1  mm.  longis.     Achaenia  villosa. 

Western  Hupeh:  Nanto  and  mountains  to  the  northward,  A.  Henry  (No. 
4583,  type). 


342  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

A  distinct  variety  in  some  respects  intermediate  between  var.  tenuisepala 
Maximowicz  and  var.  lissocarpa  Rehder  &  Wilson  having  the  narrow  sepals  and 
villose  achenes  of  the  former  and  the  glabrous  character  of  the  latter.  From  both  of 
these  and  from  other  forms  of  this  variable  species  it  is  distinguished  by  the  charac- 
ters described  above.  Though  the  leaves  are  thin  in  a  dried  state  we  suspect  that 
they  are  rather  fleshy  on  living  plants.  In  foliage  it  resembles  somewhat  C  chinensis 
Retzius,  which  is  easily  distinguished,  however,  by  its  linear-oblong  anthers, 
short  filaments,  pointed  buds,  paniculate  inflorescence  and  firmer,  usually  narrower 
leaflets,  drying  nearly  black. 

Ser.  Orientales  Prantl. 

Clematis  Henryi  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  t.  1819  (1889).  — 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull  Soc.  Bot.  France,  L.  540  (1903);  Contrib. 
Fl  As.  Or.  I.  25  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  glens,  alt.  30-300  m.,  January  1909 
(No.  2485;  climber  2-4  m.,  flowers  white);  Patung  Hsien,  ravines, 
alt.  1000  m.,  April  1907  (No.  2486;  climber  3  m.);  without  locality, 
March  31, 1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  117);  vicinity  of  Ichang,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  3280,  3280%  3280^).  Yunnan :  Mengtze,  forests,  alt.  2000  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  9864);  Szemao,  mountains  west,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry 
(No.  9864^). 

A  winter  blooming  species  nowhere  common;  in  Hupeh  it  is  confined  to  low- 
level  glens,  ravines  and  rocky  places. 

Clematis  glauca  Willdenow,  Berl  Baumz.  65,  t.  4,  fig.  1  (1796); 
Sp.  II.  1290  (1799).  — De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  36  (1818);  Prodr.  I. 
3  (1824).  — Watson,  Dendr.  Brit.  I.  t.  73  (1825).  —  Ledebour,  Fl. 
Ross.  I.  3  (1842).  — Koch,  Dendr.  I.  423  (1869).  —  Koehne,  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  155  (1893). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk,  I.  293,  fig. 
191  b-bi  (1904). 

Meclatis  sibirica  Spach,  Hist.  VSg.  VII.  273  (1839). 

Clematis  orientalis,  var.  oUusifolia  Hooker  f .  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f .,  Fl.  Brit. 

Ind.  I.  5  (1875). 
Clematis  orientalis,  var.  glauca  Maximowicz,  Fl.  Tangut.  3  (1889).  —  Dippel, 

Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  170  (1893). 
Clematis  orientalis  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc,  Bot.  France,  L.  540  (1903) ; 
Contrib.  FL  As.  Or.  I.  25  (non  Linnaeus)  (1905). 
We  have  seen  no  specimens  of  the  type  from  China,  but  according  to  Maximo- 
wicz it  occurs  in  Kansu  and  northern  China.    It  can  always  be  easily  distinguished 
from  P.  orientalis  L.  by  the  sepals  being  glabrous  except  at  the  woolly  margins. 

Clematis  glauca,  var.  akebioides  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Clematis  orientalis,  var.  akebioides  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  6 
(1890). 


RANUNCULACEAE.  —  CLEMATIS  343 

Western  Szech'uan :  vicinity  of  Sungpan,  rocky  places,  alt. 
2600-3600  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4548;  climber  2-3  m.,  flowers  bronzy- 
yellow);  without  precise  localities,  dry,  hot  valleys,  alt.  2000-3100  m., 
August  1903,  September  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3132,  3132% 
3131,  3131%  seed  No.  1700).  Western  Kansu:  Tow  river,  alt. 
3000  m.,  and  Lao-chou  district,  alt.  3000  m.,  1911,  W.  Purdom. 

Very  abundant  in  the  upper  reaches  of  the  Min  Valley  especially  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Sungpan  Ting. 

A  picture  of  this  plant  will  be  found  under  No.  0320  of  Wilson's  collection  of 
photographs. 

Clematis  tangutica  Korshinsky  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peter shourg, 
s^r.  5,  IX.  399  (1898)  quoad  synonymum,  exclusa  descriptione.  — 
Andre  in  Rev.  Hort.  1902,  528,  t.  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk. 
I.  294,  fig.  185  w-z,  191  t  (1904). 

Clematis  orientalis,  var.  tangutica  Maximowicz,  Fl.  Tangut.  3  (1889). 
Clematis  eriopoda  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  155  (non  Maximowicz)  (1893). 

The  type  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  western  China. 

The  plant  from  the  Pamirs  which  Korshinsky  describes  as  C.  tangutica  (Maxim.) 
is  apparently  not  Maximowicz's  plant,  but  belongs  probably  to  the  true  C.  orientalis 
Linnaeus.  Korshinsky  describes  his  plant  as  having  "  sepala  ovata,  acuta,  intua 
pubescentia  .  .  .  flores  3-4  cm.  in  diamatro,"  while  Maximowicz's  plant  haa 
acuminate  sepals,  glabrous  inside  and  flowers  about  7  cm.  in  diameter.  From  the 
following  variety  the  plant  from  the  Pamirs  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  sepala 
being  pubescent  on  the  inside. 

Clematis  tangutica,  var.  obtusiuscula  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  junioribus,  petiohs,  pedunculis  paullo  villos- 
ioribus,  foliolis  minoribus  plerumque  ovato-lanceolatis  sparsius  inciso- 
serratis,  sepahs  oblonga-ellipticis  obtusiuscuhs,  saepe  apiculatis,  2.5-3 
cm.  longis.     Flores  solitorii,  pedunculo  8-12  cm.  longo  recto. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2487,  type;  climber  3-6  m., 
flowers  yellow);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  237). 
Western  Kansu:  Choni  and  Tao-chow,  alt.  3000  m.,  1911,  W. 
Purdom. 

In  its  smaller  and  more  sparingly  serrate  leaflets  and  in  the  shorter,  obtusish 
or  acutish  sepals  this  variety  differs  chiefly  from  the  type  which  has  the  sepala 
long-acuminate  and  up  to  3.5  cm.  in  length.  The  plant  figured  in  Rev.  Hort. 
agrees  in  the  obtuse  sepals  with  this  variety,  but  they  are  described  as  3-4  cm. 
long;  specimens  of  cultivated  plants  before  us  have  the  sepals  long-acuminate,  as 
described  by  Maximowicz.  A  picture  of  this  plant  will  be  found  under  No.  0290 
of  Wilson's  collection  of  photographs. 


LARDIZABALACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

DECAISNEA  Hook.  f.  &  Thorns. 

Decaisnea  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  VI.  234  (1892).  —  Bois 
in  Rev.  Hort.  1900,  270,  fig.  122-124.  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX. 
342  (1900).  — Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXVIII.  t.  7848  (1902).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  912,  fig.  571  (1912). 

Decaisnea  insignis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  342  (non  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson) 
(1900);  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  Beibl.  LXXXII.  44  (1905).  — Pampanini  in 
Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  s.  XVII.  273  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  moist  woodlands 
and  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600  m..  May  10  and  October  1907  (No.  330; 
erect  growing  bush,  2-5  m.  tall,  flowers  greenish-yellow,  fruit  deep 
blue);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5405,  5405^).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  October  1908  (No.  330=^). 
Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  501); 
"  M'"  Kian-san,"  August  4,  1897,  G.  Giraldi. 

A  very  common  shrub  in  moist  woods  and  thickets  in  western  Hupeh  and 
in  Szech'uan  between  600  and  2600  m.  alt.  The  deep  blue  fruit  contains  a  white 
pulp  in  which  are  imbedded  the  numerous  flattened  jet  black  seeds.  The  pulp  is 
edible,  but  of  insipid  flavor.  The  fruits  are  commonly  eaten  by  monkeys  on 
Mt.  Omei  and  elsewhere  in  that  region. 

The  under  surface  of  the  mature  leaves  is  almost  glabrous  or  is  clothed  with  a 
short  curled  pubescence.  A  colloquial  name  in  Hupeh  for  this  plant  is  "Mao-erh-tzu." 

A  picture  of  this  plant  will  be  found  under  No.  112  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  203. 


STAUNTONIA  DC. 

Stauntonia  Duclouxii  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LV.  48 
(1908);  in  Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  69  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  ravine,  alt.  600  m.,  only  one 
plant  seen.  May  10,  1907  (No.  2389;  climber  6  m.  and  more,  flowers 
greenish-yellow,  heavily  striped  with  brown,  fragrant). 

344 


LARDIZABALACEAE.  —  HOLBOELLIA  345 

Our  specimen,  which  is  male,  differs  from  Gagnepain's  description  in  its  shorter 
(1-2.5  cm.  long)  petiolules,  longer  (2.5-5  cm.  long)  pedicels  and  in  the  cuspidate 
rather  than  uncinate  leaves.  In  all  essential  characters,  however,  it  agrees  exactly 
and  we  have  no  hesitation  in  referring  it  to  Gagnepain's  species.  Stauntonia 
Duclouxii  is  a  handsome  climber  with  large,  fragrant  and  abundant  flowers.  It  is 
apparently  very  rare  in  Hupeh,  as  we  met  with  one  plant  only. 

Stauntonia  sp.  no  v.? 

Western  Szech'uan :  Hung-ya  Hsien,  base  of  Wa-wu-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  September  1908  (No.  894). 

This  is  distinct  from  any  species  known  to  us.  It  seems  nearest,  however,  to 
S.  Duclouxii  Gagnepain,  from  which  it  differs  chiefly  in  its  4-6-foliolate  leaves  and  in 
the  thinner  leaflets  usually  obtuse  and  mucronate  at  the  apex.  Our  material  con- 
sists only  of  leaves  and  fruit  and  is  too  fragmentary  to  serve  as  the  type  of  a  new 
species. 

F.  Gagnepain  in  his  elaborate  paper  (Revision  des  Lardizabal^es  asiatiques  de 
I'Herbier  du  Musdum  {Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  64-70  [1908])  discourses 
carefully  on  the  classification  of  this  family,  and  we  agree  with  him  in  considering 
Stauntonia  and  Holboellia  distinct  genera.  The  confluent  filaments  of  the  stamens 
in  Stauntonia  (with  which  we  unite  Parvatia)  are  concomitant  with  the  relatively 
thin,  acuminate  sepals  except  in  the  case  of  S.  filamentosa  Griffith ;  the  free  fila- 
ments in  Holboellia  are  concomitant  with  thick,  fleshy,  obtuse  sepals.  We  agree 
with  Hemsley  (in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  sub.  t.  2843  (1907))  in  uniting  Decaisne's 
Parvatia  with  Stauntonia  De  Candolle.  The  presence  of  six  nectaries  in  both  male 
and  female  flowers  in  Parvatia  and  their  presence  in  the  female  and  absence  in 
the  male  flowers  in  Stauntonia  seems  too  slight  a  character  to  base  generic  dis- 
tinction upon. 


HOLBOELLIA  Wall. 

Holboellia  coriacea  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  342  (1900).— 
R^aubourg  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII.  453  (1906). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  May 
1907  (No.  146  in  part;  climber  3-5  m.,  male  flowers  white,  female 
flowers  purple) ;  Changlo  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m..  May  20  and 
October  1907  (No.  146,  in  part;  climber  3-5  m.,  male  flowers  white, 
female  flowers  purple,  fruit  purple);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  in  a  ravine, 
alt.  600-1000  m.,  May  7,  1907  (No.  2385;  climber  4  m.,  flowers  white); 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5225,  7788). 

A  common  climber  in  rocky  places  up  to  1300  m.  alt.  in  western  Hupeh.  It  is 
closely  allied  to  H.  latifolia  Wallich,  with  which  it  has  been  confused  by  R^aubourg 
and  others.  It  is  readily  distinguished,  however,  from  that  species  by  its  constantly 
3-foUolate,  more  coriaceous,  and  less  conspicuously  veined  leaves,  by  the  longer 
peduncles  and  longer  pedicels  to  the  pistillate  inflorescence,  by  filaments  as  long  or 
shghtly  longer  than  the  anthers  and  by  smaller  seeds.    The  undescribcd  fruit  is 


346  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

purple,  oblong,  4.5-6  cm.  or  more  long,  about  2  cm.  wide,  somewhat  tuberculate, 
rounded;  seeds  apiculate,  jet  black,  compressed,  4-5  mm.  high,  5-6  mm.  long. 

The  colloquial  name  in  Hupeh  for  this  and  other  species  is  "Pa-j-ueh-cha."  The 
inner  pulp  of  the  fruit  of  this  species  is  white,  watery,  rather  sweet,  but  of  insipid 
flavor,  and  is  eaten  by  the  natives. 

Stauntonia  brevipes  Hemsley  in  Hooker^s  Icon.  XXIX.  sub  t.  2849  (1907)  we 
have  not  seen,  but  from  the  description  we  suspect  that  it  is  merely  a  state  of 
H.  coriacea  Diels. 

Holboellia  grandiflora  Reaubourg  in  Bidl.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII. 
453  (1906).  — Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  67 
(1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  base  of  Ta-hsiang-ling,  on 
rocks,  alt.  1300  m.,  May  1908  (No.  889,  in  part;  climber  5-6  m., 
flowers  white,  very  fleshy,  fragrant) ;  Ching-chi  Hsien,  base  of  Wa-wu- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  September  14,  1908  (No.  889,  in 
part;  chmber  6  m.,  fruit  purple,  edible);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  on  rocks, 
foot  of  Ta-hsiang-ling,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3139). 

This  handsome  species  is  readily  distinguished  from  all  other  species  by  its  large 
(3  cm.  long)  flowers,  and  by  the  very  strongly  reticulate  venation  of  the  leaves, 
which  are  broadest  above  the  middle  and  narrowed  to  the  ends.  The  fruit  is  edible, 
purple,  8-12  cm.  long;  the  flowers  very  fleshy  and  delightfully  fragrant.  It  is 
apparently  rare,  being  1-mowTi  to  us  from  two  localities  only. 

Reaubourg  (1.  c.)  quotes  "Hupeh:  1905  Wilson."  There  is  some  mistake  here; 
1905  probably  refers  to  the  year  the  specimens  were  received  in  Paris. 

Holboellia  Fargesii  Reaubourg  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIH.  454 
(1906). 

Holboellia  angustifolia  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX,  343  (non  WalUch)  (1900). 

—  Reaubourg  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  ser.  4,  VI.  452  (1906). 
Holboellia  angustijolial  var.  angustissima  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  343 

(1900). 
Stauntonia  longipes  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  t.  2848  (1907). 
Holboellia  latifolia  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Mv^.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  67  (pro 

parte,  non  Walhch)  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000 
m.,  May  21  and  September  1907  (No.  166;  climber  3-6  m.,  male  flowers 
greenish-white,  female  flowers  purplish,  fruit  purple);  Fang  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May  30  and  September  1907  (No. 
2384;  climber  3-6  m.;  flowers  greenish-white,  fruit  purple);  same  lo- 
cality. May  26,  1907  (No.  2383;  climber  3-6  m.,  male  flowers  white, 
female  flowers  dull  purple  and  green);  without  locality,  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  648,  648=^) ;  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5256, 
6256^). 


LARDIZABALACEAE. — AKEBIA  347 

This  is  the  common  Holboellia  of  the  thickets  and  margins  of  woods  throughout 
western  Hupch  occurring  at  liigher  elevations  than  H.  coriacea  Diels.  From  the 
evidence  of  abundant  material  before  us  and  our  knowledge  of  the  wikl  pkmts  we 
are  unable  to  agree  with  Gagnepain  {Bull.  Mits.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  67)  in 
referring  this  plant  to  H.  latifolia  Wallich  or  as  a  variety  to  that  species.  We  have 
seen  no  specimen  from  central  or  western  China  referable  to  Holboellia  angitstifolia 
Wallich  and  apparently  it  does  not  occur  there.  The  only  specimens  of  H.  lati- 
folia Wallich  we  have  seen  from  China  are  Henry's  Nos.  10527,  10527",  both  col- 
lected near  Mengtze  in  Yunnan.  We  suspect  that  the  Holboellia  latifolia  of  Fran- 
chet  {Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6t.  2,  VIII.  194  (PI.  David.  II.  11));  of  Diels  (Bot. 
Jahrb.  XXIX.  343);  of  Pampanini  {Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVII.  273),  and 
of  Rcaubourg  {Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII.  452)  belong  to  H.  Fargesii  R6aubourg. 

Holboellia  Fargesii  is  an  extremely  variable  plant,  and  Reaubourg's  description 
refers  to  one  form  of  the  species  and  to  a  shoot  bearing  male  flowers  only.  Hem- 
sley's  figure  (1.  c.)  represents  another  form,  and  every  gradation  between  these  two 
extremes  can  be  found.  In  the  specimens  before  us  the  leaflets  vary  from  3  to  9 
in  number,  from  3.5  cm.  to  12  cm.  in  length  excluding  the  petiolule,  and  from  1  cm. 
to  4  cm.  in  width;  the  petioles  from  2  cm.  to  12  cm.;  the  peduncles  with  pedicels 
on  male  flowers  from  2  cm.  to  6  cm.;  on  the  female  flowers  from  4  cm.  to  15  cm. 
All  these  variations  are  to  be  found  on  the  same  individual  and  very  often  on  the 
same  shoot.  The  flower  and  its  parts,  however,  are  constant  as  described  by 
Hemsley,  except  that  the  female  flowers  are  almost  invariably  the  larger.  The  fruit 
which  has  not  been  described  is  purple,  oblong,  7-9  cm.  long,  rounded,  tipped  with 
a  short  point;  the  seeds  somewhat  verruculose,  jet  black,  4-5  mm.  high,  5-8  mm. 
long.  This  species  is  undoubtedly  closely  related  to  H.  angustifolia  Wallich,  which 
is  readily  distinguished  by  its  relatively  thin  leaves  with  prominent  reticulate 
venation,  much  shorter  peduncles  and  pedicels,  different  shaped  sepals  and  by  a 
somewhat  different  floral  structure. 


AKEBIA  Decne. 

Akebia  quinata  Decaisne  in  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  I.  195,  t.  13  a  (1839); 
in  An7i.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  2,  XII.  107  (1839).  —  Siebold,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  145, 
t.  77  (1840?).  — Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXIII.  t.  28  (1847).  — De- 
caisne in  Rev.  Hort.  1853,  141,  t.  —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXXI.  t. 
4864  (1855).  —  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  9  (Prol.  Fl.  Jap. 
197)  (1867).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  Fl.  Jap.  I.  21  (1875).  — 
Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  8  (1878).  —  Moore  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  137 
(1878).  — Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  V.  177  {PI. 
David.  I.  25)  (1882).  —  Lavallee,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez.  97,  t.  27,  28 
(1882).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  30  (1886). —  Sargent 
in  Gard.  &  Forest,  IV.  136,  fig.  25  (1891). —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb. 
XXIX.  344  (1900).  — Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris, 
XIV.  69  (1908).  — Nakai  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXVI.  Art.  I. 
40  {Fl.  Kor.)  (1909).  — Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser. 
XVII.  273  (1910). 


348  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rajania  quinaia  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  148  (1784). 

Western  Hupeh:  vicinity  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m., 
May  7,  1907  (No.  2388;  climber  3-5  m.,  flowers  chocolate-red);  with- 
out locality,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  105);  without  locahty, 
yl.  //enri/ (No.  3807).  Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D. 
Macgregor.  Korea:  Quelpaert,  April  1908  and  May  1909,  Taquet 
(Nos.  4612,  2601). 

This  plant  is  not  uncommon  at  low  altitudes  in  rocky  places  throughout  western 
Hupeh.  It  shares  with  the  various  species  of  Holboellia  and  with  Akebia  lobata  in 
the  colloquial  name  of  "  Pa-yueh-cha."    The  fruit  is  eaten  locally. 

Akebia  lobata  Decaisne  in  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  1. 196, 1. 13  b  (1839) ;  in 
Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  ser.  2,  XII,  107  (1839).  —  Siebold,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  145,  t. 
78  (1840?).  — Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  9  {Prol.  Fl.  Jap. 
197  (1867)).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  21  (1875).— 
Hemsley  in  Journ.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  30  (1886).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv. 
Arch.  Mus.  Paris  ser.  2,  VIII.  194  (PI.  David.  II.  11)  (1886).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  344  (1900).  —  Gagnepain  in  Bidl.  Mus. 
Nat.  Hist.  Paris,  XIV.  69  (1908).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot. 
Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  272  (1910).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  Add.  ser.  X.  32  (Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Akehia  quercifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  Fl.  Jap.  I.  146  (1840?).  —  Miquel  in 
Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  9;  Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  197  (1867).  —  Franchet  & 
Savatier,  Enum.  Fl.  Jap.  I.  21  (1875). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m..  May 
and  September  1907  (No.  171;  climber  3  m.,  flowers  maroon  red,  fruit 
purplish);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  7655).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  1300-1800  m.,  September  1908  (No.  925, 
in  part;  climber  6  m.,  fruit  pale  purple). 

Not  common  in  central  and  western  China.  Colloquially  it  is  known  as  "  Pa- 
yueh-cha,"  and  the  fruit  is  eaten. 

Akebia  lobata,  var.  australis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  344 
(1900).— Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  273  (1910). 

Akebia  Chaffanjoni  L^veill^  in  Bull.  Soc.  Agric.  Sci.  Sarthe,  LIX.  316  (1904).— 

Fedde,  Sp.  Rep.  Nov.  VI.  372  (1909). 
Akebia  lobata,  var.  clematifolia  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Mus.   Nat.   Hist.  Paris 

XIV.  69  (pro  parte,  non  Ito)  (1908). 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  rocky  places,  alt.  1100  m.,  common,  July  30,  1907 
(No.  1509;  climber  3-5  m.).    Western  Hupeh  :  Changlo  Hsien,  thick- 


LARDIZABALACEAE.  —  SINOFRANCHETIA  349 

ets,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  May  20  and  September  1907  (No.  144;  climber 
3-6  m.,  flowers  dark  chocolate-red,  fruit  purple) ;  Ichang,  ravines  and 
thickets,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  April  and  May  10,  1907  (Nos.  2386,  2387; 
climber  5-6  m.  flowers  chocolate-red);  without  locality,  April  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  lOS'');  Ichang  and  neighborhood,  A.  Henry  (No. 
3382);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1415,  7856«).  Szech'uan: 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5636).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wen- 
ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1500  m.,  September  1908  (No.  925, 
in  part;  climber  6  m.,  fruit  pale  purple).  Yunnan :  Mengtze,  moun- 
tains, alt.  1300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10679). 

This  variety  is  much  more  abundant  in  central  and  western  China  than  the 
type  and  is  found  at  lower  altitudes.  Gagnepain  (1.  c.)  refers  this  plant  to  A. 
clematifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  and  at  the  same  time  reduces  it  to  a  variety  of 
A.  lobata  Decaisne.  The  plant  of  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  is  easily  distinguished  from 
A.  lobata,  var.  australis  Diels,  by  its  thinner  and  much  broader  leaflets  and  is  best 
kept  as  a  distinct  variety. 

Here  may  be  added  a  note  on  a  variety  of  A.  quinata  from  Formosa; 

Akebia  quinata,  var.  longeracemosa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Akebia  longeracemosa  Matsumura  in  Tokyo  Bat.  Mag.  XIII.  18  (1899).  — 
Matsumura  &  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo  XXII.  17,  t.  2  {Enum.  PL 
Formosan.)  (1906). 

Formosa:  Takow,  Ape's  Hill,  A.  Henry  (No.  319;  large  climber,  in  flower 
May  12);  Bankinsing,  A.  Henry  (No.  1829). 

This  differs  from  the  type  only  in  its  very  much  longer  peduncles  and  usually 
broader  leaflets. 


SINOFRANCHETIA   Hemsl. 

Sinofranchetia  chinensis  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  t. 
2842  (1907).  —  Fedde,  Rep.  Sp.  Nov.  V.  343  (1908).  —Bean  in  Kew 
Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  355  (1909). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  II.  912,  fig.  572  (1912). 

HolboelUa  cuneata  OUver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  t.  1817  (pro  parte)  (1889) 

quoad  fructum. 
Parvatia  chinensis  Franchet  in  Journ.  de  Bot.  VIII.  281  (1894). 
Holbocllia  chinensis  Diels  in  Bot.  JaAr&.  XXIX.  343  (1900).  —  R6aubourg  in 

Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII.  455,  fig.  4  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2600  m..  May  19 
and  September  1907  (No.  226;  climber  10  m.,  flowers  white  with  choc- 
olate-colored striae,  fruit  lavender-purple);  without  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  6480).  Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt. 
1600-2800  m.,  May  22  and  October  1908  (No.  1292;  climber  6-10  m., 


350  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

flowers  whitish,  fruit  pale  blue);  southeast  of  Sungpan,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600-2800  m.,  August  1910  (No.  226%-  large  climber  6-10  m.); 
without  precise  locality,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3140). 

One  of  the  strongest  growing  and  most  common  deciduous  climbers  in  the  woods 
and  forests  of  western  Hupeh  and  of  Szech'uan  between  1500-2800  m.  alt.  The  in- 
conspicuous flowers  are  followed  by  long  racemes  of  pale  lavender-purple  colored 
grape-like  fruits.  The  pulp  of  the  fruit  is  whitish,  watery,  edible,  but  of  insipid 
flavor.    The  small  flattened  seeds  are  dull  black. 


SARGENTODOXA  Rehd.  &  Wils. 

Sargentodoxa  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  gen. 

Flores,  ut  videtur,  dioeci.  Flores  masculi:  sepala  6,  biserialia, 
aequalia,  petaloidea;  nectaria  6,  minuta,  suborbicularia,  carnosa;  sta- 
mina 6,  libera,  filamentis  brevibus,  antheris  oblongis,  extrorsis,  biri- 
mosis,  connectivo  carnoso  lato  apiculato;  ovaria  rudimentaria  minuta, 
4-5,  filiformia.  Flores  feminei:  perianthium  ignotum;  carpella  dis- 
creta,  plura  v.  numerosa,  lageniformia,  in  stylum  filiforme  attenuata, 
stigmate,  ut  videtur,  parvo  subcapitato;  ovula  solitaria,  pendentia, 
anatropa.  Carpella  matura  ovoidea,  manifeste  stipitata,  carnosa,  tore 
subgloboso  V.  oblongo  insidentia;  semina  ovoidea,  testa  Crustacea 
nitidissima  levissima  nigra,  hilo  magno  applanato  cinereo-albido ;  al- 
bumen copiosum  carnosum;  embryo  parvus,  rectus,  radiculo  ad  hilum 
spectante.  —  Frutex  scandens;  ramuli  annotini  duobus  seriebus  fasci- 
culorum  vascularium  majorum  et  minorum  alternantium  instruct!; 
folia  3-foliolata,  decidua,  longe  petiolata:  flores  lutei,  utri usque  sexus 
in  racemis  multifloris  pendulis  basi  nudis  simul  cum  foliis  e  gemmis 
axillaribus  perulatis  orientibus.  Fructus  pauci  in  quoque  racemo 
evoluti,  carpellis  numerosis  v.  pluribus  baccatis  stipitatis  atrocoeruleis 
instruct!. 

Genus  novum  inter  Lardizabalaceas  anomalum  ob  carpella  numerosa 
uni-ovulata;  structura  florum  masculorum  Holboelliae  valde  afflne, 
foliis  et  inflorescentia  Sinofranchetiae  simile,  fructu  genera  Magnolia- 
cearum  Kadsuram  et  Schizandram  aemulans,  sed  carpellis  uni-ovulatis 
stipitatis  distinctum,  dispositione  et  structura  fasciculorum  vascularium 
ramulorum  Menispermacearum  genera  quaedam  in  mentem  vocans. 

This  new  genus  is  named  in  compliment  to  Professor  C.  S.  Sargent,  Director 
of  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  to  which  botanical  science  is  indebted  for  splendid 
collections  made  in  China,  for  the  publications  of  the  scientific  results  of  its  expe- 
ditions and  for  the  introduction  into  cultivation  of  numerous  ornamental  and 
highly  interesting  Chinese  trees  and  shrubs. 


LARDIZABALACEAE.  —  SARGENTODOXA  351 

Sargentodoxa  resembles  in  its  foliage  so  closely  Sinofranchetia,  that  Oliver  de- 
scribed the  flowers  of  this  genus  and  the  fruits  of  Sinofranchetia  as  l)elonging  to  the 
same  species.  The  fruits,  however,  are  so  entirely  different  from  all  other  members 
of  the  Lardizabalaccae,  that  this  new  genus  can  only  be  retained  in  its  present  place, 
if  the  characters  of  the  family  are  considerably  amended,  or  it  must  be  made  the 
type  of  a  new  family,  but  as  long  as  the  pistillate  flowers  are  not  known,  it  may  be 
safer  to  leave  it  with  the  Lardizabalaccae  as  an  anomalous  genus  which  has  the 
number  of  ovules  in  each  carpel  reduced  to  one  and  the  number  of  carpels  multi- 
plied. Though  we  have  not  seen  the  pistillate  flowers,  we  are  convinced  that  aside 
from  the  sexual  organs  they  do  not  present  marked  differences,  as  the  inflorescences 
are  exactly  alike.  The  characters  of  the  young  carpels  we  described  from  unde- 
veloped carpels  which  we  found  on  the  torus  of  the  fruit  between  the  mature 
carpels;  they  also  show  that  the  young  carpels  are  at  first  sessile  and  that  the 
remarkable  long  stalk  develops  while  the  carpel  grows  to  maturity. 

Sargentodoxa  cuneata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Holbocllia  cuneata  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XIX.  t.  1817  (pro  parte)  (1889), 
fructibus  exclusis.  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  343  (1900).  —  Reaubourg 
in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  ser.  4,  VI.  454,  fig.  3  (1906).  —  Hemsley  in  Hooker's 
Icon.  sub.  t.  2842  (1907).  —  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Mus.  Nat.  Hist.  Paris, 
XIV.  67  (1908). 

Frutex  volubilis  ad  7  m.  altus;  ramuli  subteretes,  annotini  fusci  v. 
fusco-mbri,  glabri,  cortice  interdiim  rimis  longitudinalibus  fisso; 
gemmae  pluri-perulatae  perulis  scariosis  glabris  acmninatis,  exteriori- 
bus  ovatis,  interioribus  oblongo-ovatis  tenuioribus.  Folia  decidua, 
3-foliolata,  utrinque  glabra,  laete  viridia,  demum  chartacea,  folium 
medium  rhomboideum  v.  rhomboideo-obovatum,  acutum,  basi  in 
petiololum  brevem  4-8  mm.  longum  attenuatum,  integrum,  7-12  em. 
longum  et  3.5-7  cm.  latum,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  4,  foliola  lateralia 
oblique  ovata,  sessilia,  acuta,  basi  intus  cuneata,  extus  fere  trmicata 
V.  rotundata,  quam  terminate  paullo  majora;  petioli  supra  leviter  sul- 
cati,  basi  dilatati,  4-11  cm.  longi,  glabri.  Flores  masculi  lutei,  fra- 
grantes,  in  racemis  multifloris  pendulis  10-12  cm.  longis  dispositi; 
pedicelli  graciles,  1.5-2  cm.  longi,  basi  bractea  oblonga  acutiuscula 
scariosa  3-4  mm.  longa  suffulti,  supra  medium  bracteolis  2  minutis 
subulatis  distantibus  instructi;  sepala  6,  erecto-patentia  v.  patentia, 
anguste  oblonga,  obtusiuscula  v.  obtusa,  margine  leviter  undulata  et 
demum  involuta,  10-12  mm.  longa  et  3-4  mm.  lata;  nectaria  6,  rhom- 
bico-orbicularia,  circiter  1.2  mm.  longa;  stamina  6,  3.5-4  mm.  longa, 
filamentis  anthera  dimidio  v.  ultra  brevioribus  dilatatis,  anthcris  man- 
ifeste  extrorsis  oblongis  apicem  versus  attcnuatis,  comiectivo  lato 
crasso  apiculato;  ovaria  rudimentaria  filiformia  v.  interdum  basi 
leviter  incrassata,  1  mm.  longa.    Fructus  plerumque  pauci  tantum  in 


352  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

racemo  15-20  cm.  longo  evoluti,  pedicello  valde  incrassato  insidentes; 
torus  subhemisphaericus  v.  oblongus,  6-25  mm.  longus;  carpella 
ovoidea,  8-10  mm.  longa,  camosa,  atrocoerulea,  stipiti  6-12  mm.  longo 
crasso  concolori  insidentia;  semina  ovoidea,  4.5-5.5  mm.  longa  et 
4.5-5  mm.  lata,  testa  nitida  laevissima  nigra,  basi  applanata  et  hilo 
diametrmn  seminis  aequante  cinereo-albido  medio  minute  apiculato 
notata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m., 
common,  May  10,  1907  (No.  i68,  in  part  (flowers));  Changyang  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  September  1907  (No.  108^.  in  part  (fruit)); 
without  locality.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  726). 

A  plant  of  Sargentodoxa  cuneata  is  growing  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  but  it  has 
not  yet  flowered.  For  warmer  regions  it  will  certainly  be  a  handsome  climber 
with  its  pendulous  racemes  of  yellow  fragrant  flowers  in  spring. 


BERBERIDACEAE. 

Determined  by  Camillo  Schneider. 

BERBERIS  L. 

Sect.  ANGULOSAE  Schneider. 

Berberis  dictyophylla  Franchet,  PL  Delavay.  39,  t.  11  (1889).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  I.  309,  fig.  198  x-z  (1905); 
in  Bull.  Herh.  Boissier,  sdr.  2,  V.  396  (1905). 

Yunnan. 

Berberis  dictyophylla,  var.  epruinosa  Schneider,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  ramuHs  junioribus  distinctius  angulato-sulcatis, 
epruinosis,  ruberrimis,  foliis  subtus  epruinosis  pallide  viridibus, 
floribus  ut  videtur  intensius  coloratis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east  of  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  3600-4300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2866,  type;  bush  1-1.60  m. 
tall,  flowers  yellow);  June  1904,  ravines,  alt.  5500  m.  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3146, 1  m.  tall);  and  probably  June  1904,  woods,  alt.  3800-4000  m. 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3145);  only  the  fruiting  branches! 

The  type  of  Franchet  has  the  leaves  distinctly  glaucous  beneath  and  also  pniinose 
twigs.  This  is  the  same  in  B.  approximata,  described  by  Sprague  in  Kew  Bull. 
Misc.  Inform.  1909,  256.  Sprague  cites  the  plate  7833  of  the  Bot.  Mag.  which 
represents  only  a  form  of  B.  dictyophylla  with  copiously  serrate  leaves.  The  flowers 
of  the  plate  are  as  large  as  on  plate  11  of  Franchet  in  his  PI.  Delavay.  Therefore 
I  agree  with  Rehder  in  treating  it  as  a  variety  of  the  type  as  B.  dictyophylla,  var. 
approximata  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XX.  183  (1912). 

Berberis  diaphana  Maximowicz  in  Bull  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
XXIII.  309  (1876);  Fl.  Tangut.  32  t.  8  fig.  1-7  (1889).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  305,  fig.  198  a-g  (1905);  in  Bull.  Herb. 
Boissier,  s6t.  2,  V.  398  (1905).  —  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  and  Shrubs, 
II.  19,  t.  109  (1907). 

B.  yunnanensis  Hutchinson  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXIV.  t.  8224  (non  Franchet) 
(1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  3000-3300  m., 
June  and  September  1908  (No.  930;  bush  1-2  m.  high,  flowers  yellow); 

353 


354  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  3800-4000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4190;  bush, 
1.5-1.75  m.  tall,  fruit  scarlet).  —  The  following  specimens  possibly 
belong  to  this  species:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  4000- 
4300  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  2865;  bush  0.60-1.30  m.  high,  flowers 
yellow);  south-west  of  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4170;  bush  1.30-2  m.  high,  fruit  crimson). 

There  are  three  species  which  seem  to  be  very  nearly  related;  these  are  B. 
macrosepala,  B.  diaphana  and  B.  yunnanensis.  The  one  described  first  is  B.  macro- 
sepala  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  which  comes  from  the  Sikkim  Himalaya.  It  is  well 
distinguished  by  its  puberulous  branchlets  and  has  not  yet  been  found  in  China. 
Mr.  Hutchinson  says  in  Bot.  Mag.  (1.  c),  that  it  has  been  collected  in  western  China 
by  Wilson,  but  this  seems  to  be  an  error.  He  also  describes  and  figures  there  as 
B.  yunnanensis  a  cultivated  plant,  which  certainly  belongs  to  B.  diaphana.  The 
type  of  this  species  may  be  distinguished  by  its  chartaceous  leaves  distinctly  re- 
ticulate on  both  sides  and  mostly  serrate,  by  the  1-4-flowered  inflorescence,  and 
by  the  more  numerous,  6-8,  ovules  and  seeds.  The  typical  B.  yunnanensis,  of  which 
I  have  seen  Franchet's  type  specimens,  has  thinner,  mostly  entire  leaves  and  3-8- 
flowered,  often  rather  elongated  inflorescences  and  only  (3-)4  ovules  and  seeds. 
The  nervation  of  the  leaves  of  B.  yunnanensis  is  coarser  and  thinner  and  nearly  the 
same  as  in  those  of  B.  macrosepala,  the  leaves  of  which  are  more  papillose  beneath 
and  more  serrate.    The  types  of  these  three  species  may  be  distinguished  as  follows : 

Berberis  macrosepala:  ramuli  puberuli;  folia  adulta  membranacea,  plerumque 
spinoso-serrata,  utrinque  laxe  reticulata,  subtus  distincte  papillosa;  flores  ple- 
rumque solitarii;  ovaria  ovulis  circiter  6  instructa;  styli  nulli. 

Berberis  diaphana:  ramuli  glabri;  folia  adulta  chartacea,  plerumque  spinoso- 
serrata,  utrinque  distincte  et  anguste  reticulata,  subtus  pruinosa  v.  leviter  papil- 
losa; flores  sohtarii  v.  bini  v.  ad  4  racemoso-fasciculati;  ovaria  ovuUs  6-8  instructa; 
styli  breves  v.  nulli. 

Berberis  yunnanensis:  ramuli  glabri;  folia  adulta  membranacea,  plerumque 
Integra,  utrinque  laxe  reticulata;  flores  3-8  fasciculati  v.  fasciculato-racemosi  v. 
racemosi;  ovaria  ovulis  (3-)4  instructa;  styli  breves  v.  nulli. 

But  there  are  some  forms,  which  I  think  are  intermediate  between  the  last  two 
species,  for  instance,  Wilson's  No.  4170.  The  leaves  of  this  specimen  are  mostly 
entire,  their  nervation  is  rather  like  that  of  B.  diaphana  and  the  fruits  are  solitary, 
bearing  only  four  seeds  (or  two  seeds  and  two  arrested  ovules).  This  as  well  as 
No.  2865  I  have  here  tentatively  referred  to  this  species.  But  there  is  a  very 
interesting,  somewhat  intermediate,  form,  collected  by  Wilson  (No.  3145,  Veitch 
Exped.  1904;  flowering  specimens),  the  leaves  of  which  very  much  resemble  those 
of  B.  yunnanensis,  while  the  single  flowers  with  8  ovules  agree  with  those  of  B. 
diaphana. 

Here  may  also  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  variety  collected  by  Mr. 
Purdom: 

Berberis  diaphana,  var.  circumserrata  Schneider,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  fohis  dense  et  graciliter  circumserratis  serraturis  spinosis. 

Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  4). 

The  specimen  before  me  consists  only  of  old  gray  twigs  with  rather  strong 
spines,  young  leaves  and  single  flowers.  The  leaves  are  roundish-obovate  and  dis- 
tinctly reticulate  on  both  sides.  The  ovaries  contain  only  four  ovules.  All  things 
considered  this  form  seems  to  be  a  rather  distinct  variety  of  B.  diaphana. 


BERBERIDACEAE. — BERBERIS  355 

Berberis  yunnanensis  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
388  (1886);  PL  Delavay.  38  (1889);  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier, 
s6t  2,  V.  397  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
September  1908  (No.  1038;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  fruits  salmon  red);  north- 
east of  Tachien-lu,  forming  thickets,  alt.  3000-4000  m.,  July  6,  1908 
(Nos.  2852,  2855;  bush  1-4  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow). 

See  note  under  B.  diaphana. 

A  picture  of  this  shrub  will  be  found  under  No.  200  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  130. 

Berberis  Tischleri  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2,  VIII. 
201  (1908). 

Frutex  ad  2.5  m.  altus,  ut  videtur  habitu  B.  yunnanensis;  ramulos 
hornotinos  non  vidi,  biennes  vetustioresque  cinerei,  angulati,  glabri, 
vix  divaricati;  internodia  1.5-3  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  ramulorum 
basim  versus  satis  evolutae,  mediocres  ad  2.5  cm.  longae,  crassae, 
fiavescentes,  subtus  sulcatae;  folia  ad  8  fasciculata,  membranacea  v. 
chartacea,  obovato-rotundata,  obovato-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  apice 
rotunda  v.  obtusa,  mucronulata,  hinc  inde  fere  emarginata,  basim 
versus  subito  in  petiolum  brevissimum  v.  ad  7  mm.  longum  contracta, 
margine  utrinque  breviter  spinuloso-serrata,  raro  Integra,  supra 
viridia,  paullo  nitentia,  subtus  pallida,  pruinosa  sed  vix  papillosa, 
1.5:  0.8  cm.  ad  4.5: 2  cm.  (v.  in  No.  4134  ad  6:  2.2  cm.)  magna,  utroque 
latere  distincte  sed  satis  laxe  reticulata;  inflorescentiae  fasciculato- 
racemosae,  4-15-florae,  fructiferae  ad  6  cm.  (v.  in  No.  4134  ad  9  cm.) 
longae;  flores  saepe  ad  basim  et  ad  apicem  pedunculi  nudi  satis  elon- 
gati  pseudo-umbellati,  lutei,  mediocres  (circiter  7-8  mm.  diam.); 
pedicelU  variabiles,  1.5-2.5  (v.  fere  3)  cm.  longi,  basi  bracteis  linearibus 
acuminatis  ad  3  mm.  longis  suffulti;  prophylla  lanceolata;  sepala 
exteriora  ovato-lanceolata,  interiora  late  ovata,  obtusa,  petalis  obo- 
vato-oblongis,  apice  emarginatis,  basi  breve  unguiculatis,  glanduli- 
feris  paullo  majora;  stamina  petalis  breviora,  apice  breve  apiculata; 
ovaria  ovulis  (3-)4  sessilibus  instructa;  fructus  in  mense  Octobri 
collecti  elliptico-oblongi,  flavo-rubri,  leviter  pruinosi,  opaci,  apice  in 
stylum  elongati,  ad  10:  7  mm.  magni;  semina  matura  plerumque  2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  3000- 
3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2853;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow); 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2G00-3300  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  2854;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow);  Tachien-lu,  alt. 


356  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

3200-3800  m.,  thickets,  October  1910  (No.  4134;  shrub  2-2.5  m. 
tall,  fruit  red,  ovoid;  a  form  with  larger  leaves  and  inflorescence). 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908 
(Nos.  2856,  2859;  bush  3  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow);  same  locality, 
thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4307;  bush  2  m. 
high);  Min  valley,  Mao-chou,  alt.  1600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1177; 
bush  1-2  m.  tall,  fruit  coral  red). 

The  type  of  this  species  had  been  collected  by  Potanin  in  northern  Szech'uan 
(ad  fl.  Nereku,  July  26,  1885).  Originally  I  described  the  leaves  as  green  on  both 
sides,  but  this  is  an  error.  After  comparing  the  type  specimen  with  Wilson's 
specimens,  I  think  the  latter  agree  very  well  with  B.  Tischleri.  Not  having  seen 
the  flowers  before,  I  have  given  above  the  more  complete  description. 

In  the  nervation  of  the  leaves  this  species  much  resembles  B.  yunnanensis,  but 
in  its  inflorescence  with  more  numerous  and  smaller  flowers  and  in  the  more  elon- 
gated fruits  B.  Tischleri  differs  from  that  species.  At  first  sight  our  species  looks 
much  like  B.  Silva-Taroucana  Schneider  as  there  indicated. 

In  the  Arnold  Arboretum  there  is  a  cultivated  plant,  bearing  the  nimiber  181, 
which  seems  to  be  nearly  allied  to  B.  Tischleri. 

Here  may  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  species  of  this  section  based  on 
material  not  collected  during  the  Arnold  Arboretum  Expeditions : 

Berberis  Ambrozyana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.50-1  m.  altus,  ut  videtur  dense  et  graciliter  ramosus;  ramuli  juniores 
(hornotini  nondum  vidi)  brunnescentes,  glabri,  leviter  angulati,  vetustiores 
cinerascentes;  internodia  brevia,  0.3-1  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  graciles, 
flavescentes,  acutae,  mediae  ad  12  mm.  longae,  subrotundae.  Folia  parvula,  ad  8 
fasciculata,  lanceolata  v.  oblanceolata  integerrima  apice  obtusa,  minime  mucronu- 
lata,  basim  versus  angustata,  sessilia,  supra  viridia,  subtus  albo-pruinosa,  utrinque, 
sed  superne  distinctius,  reticulata,  ramulorum  floriferorum  8:1.5  ad  12:4  mm. 
magna.  Flores  singuli,  satis  magni,  lutei;  pedicelli  2-3  mm.  longi,  basi  bracteia 
rubescentibus  circumdati;  prophylla  et  sepala  externa  non  vidi;  sepala  interna 
eximie  lanceolata,  acuta,  fere  ad  9  mm.  longa;  petala  sepalis  minora,  anguste 
oblanceolata,  apice  bifida,  basi  vix  unguiculata,  glandulis  2  oblongis  instructa; 
stamina  apice  distincte  apiculata;  ovaria  stylosa,  ovulis  5  (an  semper?)  sessilibus 
instructa.    Fructus  ignoti. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  locaUty,  alt.  3200-3400  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3146";  shrub  0.5-1  m.  tall). 

In  the  leaves  this  species  closely  resembles  B.  minutiflora  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  914  {B.  brevipes  (Franchet)  Schneider,  non  Greene), 
but  this  Yunnan  plant  has  much  smaller  flowers;  the  leaves  have  a  different 
nervation  and  the  fruits  bear  a  sessile  stigma.  Berberis  Ambrozyana  may  be  more 
nearly  related  to  Berberis  parvifolia  Sprague,  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1908, 
445,  which  differs  from  it  in  its  puberulous  branchlets  and  in  the  smaller  and  more 
numerous  flowers.  I  have  not  yet  seen  the  type  of  Sprague's  species  (Wilson  No. 
3154*).  In  the  form  of  the  sepals  and  petals  Berberis  Ambrozyana  resembles  the 
well-known  Japanese  Berberis  Thunbergii. 

The  specific  name  is  in  honor  of  Baron  Istvdn  Ambr6zy,  the  Hungarian  patron 
of  botany  and  garden  making,  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  much  assistance. 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  357 

Sect.   WALLICHIANAE  Schneider. 

Berberis  candidula  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendrol.  Ges.  XIV. 
115  (1905);  in  Bull  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2,  VIIL  196  (1908). 

B.  Wallichiana,  var.  pallida  Bois  in  Vilmorin  &  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  15  (non 

Hooker  f.  &  Thomson)  (1905). 
B.  Hookeri,  var.  candidula  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  303  (1904). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  alt.  2300  m.,  May  17,  1907  (No. 
2880;  prostrate  or  nearly  so,  15-45  cm.  tall,  on  rocks). 

Berberis  vemiculosa  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform. 
1906,  151.  —  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  sdr.  2,  VIII.  195 
(1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets  and  rocky  places,  alt. 
2600-3200  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1083,  in  part;  evergreen 
shrub,  0.30-1  m.  high,  flowers  yellow,  fruit  violet-black);  Chiu-ting- 
shan,  rocky  places,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May  24,  1908  (No.  1083,  in 
part;  bush  0.30-1  m.,  flowers  yellow);  Tachien-lu,  rocky  places  in 
woods,  alt.  3800-4100  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4381;  shrub  0.25-0.35  m. 
tall,  flowers  yellow,  fruit  black);  without  precise  locality,  July  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3150,  3150'';  bush  0.60-1.30  m.  high). 

Berberis  Asmyana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis  v.  paullo  ultra;  ramuli  annotini  striato-sulcati, 
sparse  et  unconspicue  verruculosi,  glabri,  cinerei  v.  flavo-cinerei, 
internodiis  1-2  cm.  longis;  spinae  3-fidae,  graciles,  fere  teretes,  1- 
1.5  cm.  longae,  rarius  breviores.  Folia  subcoriacea,  4-6-fasciculata, 
obovato-elliptica  v.  obovato-oblonga,  acuta  et  spinoso-mucronata, 
basi  cuneata  in  petiolum  brevissimum  attenuata,  margine  leviter 
revoluta,  supra  medium  remote  spinoso-serrata  dentibus  subaccum- 
bentibus  utrinque  1-3  parvis  fere  ad  mucronum  spinosum  reductis, 
1.5-3  cm.  longa  et  7-9  mm.  lata,  supra  nitentia,  viridia,  subtus  pallide 
viridia,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-5  subtus  vix  visibihbus.  Flores  solitarii, 
rarius  2-3  fasciculati,  circiter  1  cm.  diam.,  flavi  extus  rubescentes, 
gracihter  pedicellati  pedicellis  2-2,5  cm.  longis;  prophylla  ovata 
acutiuscula,  sepala  exteriora  late  ovata  interioribus  rotundo-ovalibus 
breviora,  petala  sepalis  interioribus  subacquilonga,  obovata,  apice 
leviter  emarginata,  basi  breviter  lateque  unguiculata,  glanduhs 
circiter  1.25  mm.l  ongis  approximatis  instructa;  stamina  filamentis 
sub  anthera  interdum  leviter  dentatis;  ovarium  oblongo-ovoideum, 


358  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

stigmate  sessili,  ovulis  plerumque  4  fere  sessilibus  instructum.  Fructus 
matunis  non  visus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  2873). 

This  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  Berheris  verrucidosa  Hemsley  & 
Wilson  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  terete,  densely  verruculose  branches, 
by  the  more  coriaceous  leaves,  with  more  and  stronger  spiny  teeth  and  by  the 
shorter  pedicels. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  I  have  named  this  species  for  Dr.  Asmy,  an  emi- 
nent surgeon  in  charge  of  the  German  Hospital,  Chungking  in  recognition  of 
valued  service  rendered  to  him  in  the  years  1908  and  1911. 

Berberis  Gagnepainii  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2, 
VIII.  196  (1908);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  914  (1912). —  Hemsley 
in  Gard.  Chron.,  ser.  3,  XLVL  226,  fig.  96  (1909). 

Berberis  acuminata  Stapf  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXIV.  t.  8185  (non  Franchet) 
(1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2500-3000  m., 
September  and  November  1908  (No.  1344;  bush  1.30-2  m.  high, 
fruit  blue-black);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June  and 
November  1908  (No.  1137;  evergreen  bush,  1.30-2  m.  high,  flowers 
yellow,  fruit  blue-black) ;  southeast  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2300-3000  m., 
July  and  October  1908  (No.  1137";  bush  0.3-1  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow, 
fruit  black);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  near  Wa-wu-shan,  woodlands,  alt. 
2600  m.,  October  16,  1908  (No.  2874;  shrub  0.5-0.75  m.  tall);  cliffs, 
July  1903,  alt.  4000  m.  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3148,  type,  3148=^). 

The  type  (No.  3148)  is  distinguished  by  its  finely  pustulate  branchlets,  in  this 
somewhat  resembling  B.  verruculosa.  In  No.  1344  the  branchlets  also  are  some- 
what pustulate.  This  number  bears  fruits,  which  measure  about  10:6  mm.  and 
have  sessile  stigmas.  No.  1137  is  distinguished  by  more  numerous  fascicles  and 
somewhat  smaller  fruits,  but  the  ovaries  and  fruits  contain  4  ovules  and  4  seeds. 
The  leaves  are  up  to  7: 1.5  cm.  long,  and  the  petioles  are  1-4  mm.  (not  cm.  as 
misprinted  in  my  diagnosis)  long.  I  think  all  these  numbers  belong  to  B. 
Gagnepainii,  but  No.  1137  may  represent  a  somewhat  different  variety,  of  which  I 
do  not  know  the  young  branchlets.  No.  1137"  also  has  5  ovules,  but  the  flowers 
are  borne  on  very  long  (3-4  cm.)  pedicels,  and  the  serrature  of  the  leaves  much 
resembles  that  of  the  leaves  of  B.Vdtchii  Schneider.  No.  2814  differs  m  its  rather 
large  leaves  (to  7:  2  cm.),  some  of  which  have  a  slight  bloom  on  the  lower  surface. 
The  unripe  fruits  contain  four  ovules.  This  number  may  represent  a  distinct 
variety. 

Berberis  triacanthophora  Fedde  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  Beibl.  82, 
43  (1905). 


BERBERIDACEAE,  —  BERBERIS  359 

Berberis  sanguinea  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2,  V.  453  (ex  parte, 
non  Franchet)!  (1905);  VIII.  129  (1908). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  1907  (No.  698,  in  part;  bush  0.60-1.20  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow 
within,  reddish  without);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
November  1907  (No.  698,  in  part;  bush  0.60-1.20  m.  tall,  fruit  black); 
north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  rare,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  698,  in  part;  bush  0.60-1.20  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow  within,  red- 
dish without) ;  Chienshi,  alt.  1600-2400  m.,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  951,  952;  shrub  1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  red);  Changyang  (A.  Henry, 
No.  5681,  type). 

Berberis  sanguinea  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2, 
VIII.  194,  t.  5  {PI.  David.  12,  t.  5)  (1885).  —  Schneider  in  Bull. 
Herh.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  V.  403  (pro  parte)  (1905);  VIII.  196  (1908). 

Frutex  ramulis  junioribus  striatis  v.  sulcatis,  pallide  cinereis  v. 
flavescentibus,  foliis  subtus  paullo  v.  vix  pallidis,  margine  dentibus 
satis  crassis  et  approximatis  (in  foliis  5  cm.  longis  utrinque  13-15); 
pedicellis  vix  supra  6-12(-15)  mm.  longis. 

Western  Szech'uan :  Tachien-lu,  open  country,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
September  1910  (No.  4637;  bush  1-1.60  m.  tall,  fruit  bluish  black). 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  rare,  alt.  3000  m.,  June 
21,  1908  (No.  2875;  bush  0.75-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow  and  bronze). 

The  typical  Berberis  sanguinea  is  well  distinguished  by  these  characters.  The 
preceding  species  is  according  to  my  opinion  quite  distinct.  No.  2875  represents 
a  form  with  smaller  leaves,  the  serration  of  which  is  very  much  like  that  of  B. 
triacanthophora  Fedde,  but  the  branches  are  yellow  and  distinctly  sulcate  and  the 
flowers  are  short-pedicelled.     The  unripe  fruits  contain  three  ovules. 

Berberis  Sargentiana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.25-2  m.  altus;  ramulos  juniores  non  vidi,  biennes  glabri, 
fere  rotundati,  leviter  brunnescentes,  vetustiores  cinerei;  internodia 
3-6  cm.  longa;  spinae  plerumque  bene  evolutae,  3-fidae,  brunnescentes, 
mediae  ad  2.5  cm.  longae,  satis  robustae,  subtus  sulcatae;  folia  ad 
3  fasciculata,  coriacea,  hypodermate  modo  B.  Wallichianae  instructa, 
ovato-oblonga  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  apice  acuta,  basi  acuta  in  petiolum 
3-6  mm.  longum  contracta  (4:1.8  cm.)  v.  6-8:2  cm.  ad  8.5:3  cm.  v. 
13.5:3   cm.   magna,  supra  viridia,   subtus  pallide  viridia,  utroque 

»  Differt  a  Berberis  sanguinea  ramulis  junioribua  purpureia  v.  rutilis,  rotun- 
datis,  foUis  subtus  distincte  pallidis,  margine  dentibus  gracilibus  distantibus  (in 
foliis  5  cm.  longis  utrinque  circiter  5-6);  pedicelli  saepissime  1-2  cm.  longia. 


360  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

latere  leviter  nitentia,  subtus  distinctius  quam  supra  reticulata, 
nervulorum  reticulo  plus  minus  elevato,  margine  anguste  et  graciliter 
duplicato-spinoso-dentata,  dentibus  majoribus  1.5-2.5  mm.  longis, 
acutissimis;  flores  2-6,  fasciculati,  pallide  flavi,  mediocres  (circiter 
8  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  6-18  mm.  longi;  prophylla  late  ovato-triangu- 
laria;  sepala  interiora  late  ovato-rotunda  petalis  late  obovatis  apice 
emarginatis,  basi  brevissime  unguiculatis,  glandulis  normalibus  vix 
majora;  ovaria  ovulis  2-3  sessilibus  instructa.  Fructus  maturi  nigri, 
ovato-globosi,  ad  8:6-7  mm.  magni  stigmatibus  sessilibus;  semina 
2-3. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
June  and  November  1907  (No.  564,  type);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands, 
not  common,  alt.  1600  m.,  November  1907  (No.  555)- 

There  is  a  little  difference  in  the  shape  and  serrature  of  the  leaves  of  the  two 
numbers.  No.  564  looks  very  much  hke  the  typical  B.  arguta,  but  Franchet's 
type  specimen  seems  to  be  well  distinguished  by  its  rather  thinner,  more  finely 
reticulated  leaves  (on  both  faces),  which  are  without  any  hypoderm  and  bear 
finer  and  more  numerous  spines.  The  leaves  of  B.  Sargentiana  are  furnished  with 
a  distinct  epiderm-like  hypoderm  like  those  of  B.  Wallichiana. 

Berberis  Sargentiana  is  the  only  evergreen  Barberry  which  has  proved  per- 
fectly hardy  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum  and  for  this  reason  is  one  of  the  most  de- 
sirable of  the  recent  introduction  as  a  garden  plant. 

Berberis  levis  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII.  386 
(1886);  PL  Delavay.  37  (1889).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk. 
II.  916  (1912). 

B.  stenophylla  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  257  (non  Lindley)  (1882). 
B.  Soulieana  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s^r.  2,  V.  449  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
November  1908  (No.  1284;  bush  1-1.60  m.  tall,  fruit  jet-black); 
Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4287;  evergreen  shrub,  1.60  m.  tall,  fruit  orange- 
red  [apparently  not  quite  ripe?]). 

Wilson's  specimens  agree  very  well  with  the  type  of  Franchet,  the  fruits  of 
which  are  without  bloom. 

Berberis  Julianae  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  2-metralis;  ramuli  juniores  glabri,  flavescentes,  angulati, 
vetustiores  cinerascentes;  internodia  2-4  cm.  longa;  spinae  satis 
robustae,  3-fidae,  mediae  ad  4  cm.  longae,  flavo-brunnescentes, 
subtus  levissime  sulcatae;  folia  ad  5-fasciculata,  crasse  coriacea,  ovata, 


BEKBERIDACEAE. — BERBERIS  361 

ovato-lanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  3:1  cm.  ad  8.5:2  cm.  v.  7:2.5  cm. 
magna  apice  acuta,  spinosa,  basi  acuta  sensim  in  petiolum  3-6  mm. 
longum  attenuata,  margine  spinoso-dentata,  spinis  pungentibus 
1-2  mm.  longis  utrinque  circiter  8-20  instructa,  supra  viridia,  nitida, 
hypodermate  instructa;  praetcr  costam  immersam  rete  nervorum  non 
V.  vix  visibili,  subtus  pallidiora;  praeter  costam  tantaum  nervis-  late- 
ralibus  paullo  elevatis  et  visibilibus;  flores  ad  15-fasciculati,  satis 
parvi  (circiter  6-7  mm.  diam.),  flavi,  extus  rubescentes,  pedicelli 
0.8-1.5  cm.  longi;  prophylla  lanceolata;  sepala  interna  late  ovata, 
petalis  obovatis  apice  emarginatis,  basi  breviter  unguiculatis  nec- 
tariis  elongatis  instructis  majora;  ovaria  ovulis  1-2  subsessilibus  in- 
structa. Fructus  vix  maturi  elliptici,  nigri,  pruinosi,  ad  8:4-5  mm. 
magni,  stylis  brevibus  exclusis;  semina  plerumque  1. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
May  and  October  1907  (No.  417,  type).  Hupeh:  Changyang,  May 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  535  in  Arnold  Arboretum  Herb.;  shrub, 
1-2  m.  tall).  Yunnan:  I-men  district,  A.  Henry  (No.  10618;  shrub 
2.5  m.,  flowers;  seems  to  be  a  form  with  more  lanceolate  leaves, 
4:0.8  cm.-9:  1.2  cm.).  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom 
(No.  7;  fruit  unripe,  but  apparently  pruinose,  possibly  a  distinct 
species). 

Berheris  JuUanae  much  resembles  in  the  leaves  B.  Wallichiana  De  Candolle, 
of  which  I  have  seen  the  type  specimens  of  Wallich.  These  have  somewhat 
thinner  leaves,  the  hypoderm  of  which  under  the  upper  epidermis  is  not  so  well 
developed  and  resembles  more  the  epidermis,  so  that  it  may  be  often  overlooked. 
The  leaves  of  B.  JuUanae  are  furnished  with  a  similar  but  rather  distinct  hypo- 
derm.  Besides  this  the  ovules  of  the  true  B.  Wallichiana  possess  a  long  funiculus, 
but  it  is  possible  that  this  character  may  not  be  constant. 

The  type  of  B.  Wallichiana  was  found  in  eastern  Nepal,  and  I  have  seen  it 
also  from  Shillong  in  the  Khasi  Hills  in  Assam,  but  I  have  not  seen  any  Chinese 
specimens  which  represent  the  true  B.  Wallichiana. 

B.  Wallichiana,  var.  microcarpa  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  which  comes  from  the 
same  parts  of  Assam,  also  has  stalked  ovules,  but  I  have  not  yet  found  a  hypoderm- 
like  layer  beneath  the  epidermis  of  the  leaves,  which  are  lanceolate,  thinner, 
somewhat  shorter  and  smaller  than  those  of  the  type. 

The  plant  from  Shensi  has  leaves  closely  resembling  those  of  cultivated  forms 
in  the  Fruticetum  Vilmorinianum  at  Les  Barres,  which  represent  the  typical  B. 
So\dieana.  The  seeds  from  which  these  plants  were  raised  were  collected  by  Abb6 
Farges  in  the  mountains  near  Cheng-kou,  northeastern  Szech'uan.  The  numbers 
of  Giraldi,  cited  by  me  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  B6r.  2,  VIII.  199  (1908)  under  B. 
levis,  may  belong  to  this  species,  but  this  needs  further  investigation.  In  the 
Herbarium  of  the  Hof-Museum  at  Vienna  the  flowering  branch  of  No.  535  is  rather 
different  and  may  belong  to  B.  GriffUhiana  Schneider,  see  p.  364.  The  fruiting 
branch  agrees  very  well  with  that  of  No.  417. 

This  species  is  named  in  compliment  to  my  wife. 


362  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Berberis  Bergmanniae  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis ;  ramuli  juniores  non  visi,  biennes  v.  vetus- 
tiores  flavescentes  v.  flavocinerei,  satis  crassi,  angulati,  leviter  divari- 
cati,  glabri,  deinde  cinerei;  internodia  2  cm,  ad  3.5  cm.  longa;  spinae 
plerumque  trifidae,  validae,  flavescentes,  mediae  ad  3.5  cm.  longae, 
fere  rotundae.  Folia  ad  circiter  5-fasciculata,  crasse  coriacea,  ovato- 
V.  obovato-elliptica,  apice  breviter  acuta,  spinosa,  basim  versus 
sensim  in  petiolum  brevissimum  v.  nullum  contracta;  2:1  v.  2.5:0.9 
cm.  ad  4.5:1.7  cm.  magna,  supra  viridia,  nitentia,  subtus  pallidiora 
V.  pruinosa,  nervo  mediano  elevato  lateralibus  minus  quam  supra 
visibilibus,  margine  spinoso-dentata  dentibus  gracilibus  sed  pun- 
gentibus  utrinque  circiter  6-12.  Flores  in  uno  ramo  abbreviate  ad 
15-fasciculati,  satis  parvi  (circiter  6  mm.  diam.),  flavi;  pedicelli 
5-15  mm.  longi;  sepala  interna  obovata,  petalis  obovato-oblongis  basi 
glanduliferis  (nectaria  in  No.  2878  ut  videtur  minima)  pauUo  majora, 
ovaria  ovulis  1-2  sessilibus  instructa.  Fructus  ovati,  inflati,  nigri, 
albo-pruinosi,  circiter  9:6  mm.  magni  stylis  brevibus  sed  distinctis 
exclusis,  pedicelli  fructiferi  rubri;  semina  1-2. 

Western  Hupeh :  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  June  and 
July  1907  (No.  2878;  with  flowers  and  immature  fruit).  Western 
Szech'uan :  mountain  sides,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  alt.  1600  m., November 
1908  (No.  2876;  with  mature  fruit);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien, 
mountain  sides,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  August  10,  1908  (No.  2877;  shrub 
1-1.5  m.  tall,  with  unripe  fruit). 

This  species  seems  to  be  most  nearly  related  to  B.  pruinosa  Franchet,  which  is 
distinguished  by  the  stronger  spines  of  the  leaves  and  by  the  fruits  without  styles 
and  with  2-4  seeds. 

To  B.  Bergmanniae  may  also  belong  David's  specimen,  which  he  collected  in 
Mupin,  April  1869  (shrub  3  m.  tall;  ravines). 

Tliis  species  is  named  in  honor  of  Mrs.  Marie  Bergmann  of  Vienna. 

Berberis  Bergmanniae,  var.  acanthophylla  Schneider,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  crasse  sinuato-spinoso-dentatis,  dentibus 
foliorum  maximorum  ad  5:2  cm.  magnorum  utrinque  tantum  4-5, 
subtus  laete  virentibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt. 
2000-2500  m.,  November  1910  (No.  4149;  shrub  1-1.5  m.  tall,  fruit 
blue-black) . 

This  variety  is  well  marked  by  its  leaves,  but  the  blue-black  fruits  with  their 
red  pedicels  and  with  two  seeds  closely  resemble  those  of  the  type. 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  363 

The  following  descriptions  and  notes  referring  to  species  of  this  section  are  based 
on  specimens  not  collected  during  the  Arboretum  Expeditions. 

Berberis  Veitchii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Berberis  acuminata  Hort.  Veitch  (nomen  nudum,  non  Franchet).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  916  (pro  parte)  (1912). 

Frutex;  ramuli  juveniles  glabri,  rotundati  v.  leviter  striati,  rubcscentcs,  vetus- 
tiores  cinerei;  internodia  3-6  cm.  longa;  spinae  3-fidae,  apice  ramulorum  debiles, 
parvae,  basim  versus  majores,  robustiores,  mediae  ad  2  (v.  in  plantis  cultis  ad 
5)  cm.  longae,  flavae,  subtus  canaliculatae;  folia  ad  3  fasciculata,  tenuiter  coriacea, 
lanceolata  v.  anguste  ovato-lanceolata,  apice  subacuminata,  basi  acuta,  in  petiolum 
brevissimum  contracta,  margine  spinoso-dentata,  spinis  pungentibus  2-3  mm. 
longis  utrinque  circiter  9-22  instructa,  5.5:0.9  cm.  ad  11.5: 1.9  cm.  (v.  in  plantis 
cultis  ad  10:2.4  cm.)  magna,  supra  pallide  viridia,  hypodermate  non  instructa, 
subtus  pallide  viridia,  utroque  latere  tantum  nervis  lateralibus  plus  minus  visi- 
bilibus,  V.  subtus  praeter  costam  elevatam  fere  enervia;  flores  5-8  fasciculati 
mediocres  (circiter  9  mm.  diam.),  fiavi;  pedicelli  2.2-3.5  cm.  longi,  basi  bracteis 
late-triangularibus  breviter  acuminatis  suffulti;  prophylla  sepalaque  exteriora  late 
obovato-rhombica,  sepala  interiora  late  ovato-rotunda  petahs  obovatis  apice 
emarginatis  basi  breviter  unguiculatis  glanduliferis  majora;  stamina  normalia; 
ovaria  ovulis  2,  rare  3,  subsessilibus  instructa,  estylosa.     Fructus  nondum  vidi. 

Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1138). 

In  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  scr.  2,  VIII.  197  (1908)  I  placed  this  specimen  with  B. 
acuminata,  but  I  now  think  that  Franchet's  species  is  different  and  that  it  may  be 
distinguished  by  the  much  slighter  and  shorter  serratures  of  the  larger,  somewhat 
thinner  and  a  little  more  reticulate  leaves.  See  also  the  key  of  the  section  Wal- 
lichianae  on  page  367. 

Berberis  subacuminata  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  1.50  m.  altus;  ramuU  juniores  valde  sulcato-striati,  glabri,  flaves- 
centes;  internodia  4-5  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  mediocres  v.  parvae,  mediae 
ad  1.8  cm.  longae,  teretes,  flavae.  Folia  ad  5  fasciculata,  tenuiter  coriacea,  hypo- 
dermate non  instructa,  ovato-lanceolata,  apice  acuta  sed  non  v.  vix  acuminata, 
basi  acuta  in  petiolum  2-8  mm.  longum  contracta,  viridia,  utrinque  fere  con- 
coloria  et  tenuiter  reticulata,  4.5:1.4  cm.  ad  9:2.2  cm.  magna,  margine  graciliter 
et  satis  breviter  spinoso  denticulata,  spinis  utrinque  5-15.  Flores  ad  2-6  fasciculati 
mediocres  (ad  8  mm.  diam.)  pedicelH  1.8-2.2  cm.  longi;  sepala  interiora  late  obo- 
vata  petalis  obovato-oblongis  apice  leviter  emarginatis  basi  unguiculatis  nec- 
tariis  valde  elongatis  instructis  paullo  majora;  ovaria  ovulis  2  sessilibus  instructa. 
Fructus  ignoti  (in  specimine  Delavayana  immaturi,  ovati,  circiter  7:4.5  mm. 
magni,  stigmatibus  sessilibus). 

Yunnan  :  Yuan-chang,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  13267,  type;  shrub  1.25  m. 
tall,  flowers  yellow) ;  "  Mt.  che  tchotze  sur  Ta-pintze,"  August  23,  Delavay  (in  Herb. 
Mus.  Paris;  differs  in  the  solitary  flowers  and  the  shorter  pedicels  only  3-6  mm. 
long;  Delavay  says:  "  fruits  miirs  noirs."  I  have  only  seen  branches  of  the  second 
year,  which  are  slightly  angulate). 

In  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6r  2,  VIII.  197  (1908),  I  have  mistaken  this  form  for 
B.  acuminata  Franchet,  but  the  type  of  Franchet's  species  has  round  twigs,  much 
more  elongated,  distinctly  acuminate  leaves  and  petals  with  short  nectaries.  It 
seems  to  be  a  very  rare  species,  and  also  Wilson's  No.  1138  (1900)  from  western 
Hupeh,  cited  by  me  also  under  B.  acuminata  (1.  c),  belongs  to  a  different  species, 
namely  to  B.  Veitchii  Schneider,    In  the  reticulation  of  their  leaves  B.  acumi- 


364  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

nata  and  B.  subacuminata  somewhat  resemble  B.  arguta,  B.  Sargentiana  and  B. 
Ferdmandi-Coburgii,  but  the  serration  of  the  leaves  is  rather  different.  See  also 
the  key  of  Wallichianae  on  page  367. 

Berberis  Ferdinandi-Coburgii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.75-1.5  m.  altus;  ramuli  juniores  glabri,  angulati,  flavescentes,  vix 
divaricati,  vetustiores  cinerei;  internodia  2-4  cm.  longa;  spinae  3-fidae,  breves  v. 
mediocres,  acuta  v.  brunnescentes,  mediae  ad  1.5  cm.  longae,  subtus  sulcatae; 
foha  crasse  coriacea,  eUiptico-lanceolata  v.  anguste  ovato-lanceolata,  apice  breviter 
acuta,  basi  in  petiolum  2-5  cm.  longum  contracta,  acuta,  4.5:1.1  cm.  ad  11:2.5 
V.  13:3  cm.  magna,  supra  viridia,  hypodermate  distincto  instructa,  subtus  palli- 
diora,  utroque  latere  leviter  nitentia  et  reticulata,  rete  nervorum  visibili,  margine 
gracillime  anguste  aequaliter  spinoso-serrata,  spinis  vix  plus  quam  1  mm.  longis 
approximatis  (circiter  6  pro  1  cm.);  floras  15-25-fasciculati,  lutei  satis  parvi,  (cir- 
citer  6  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  1-1.5  cm.  longi;  prophylla  sepalaque  externa  rubes- 
centia,  lanceolata,  acuta;  sepala  interna  ovato-lanceolata  plus  minus  acuta, 
petalis  obovato-lanceolatis  apice  emarginatis  basi  breviter  unguiculatis  nor- 
maliter  glanduhferis  paullo  longiora;  ovaria  ovulo  1  subsessili  instructa.  Fructus 
maturi  nigri,  ovato-elliptici,  circiter  8-9:5  mm.  magni,  apice  stylo  brevi  sed  di- 
stincto coronati;  semina  solitaria. 

Yunnan  :  Mengtze,  alt.  2400  m.,  woods,  A.  Henry  (No.  10257,  type;  shrub  0.75- 
1.5  m.  tall,  fruit  reddish,  flowers  yellow);  Szemao,  E.  Mt.  forests,  alt.  4000  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  11617;  shrub  1.25  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow;  No.  11617%  shrub  1.50  m. 
tall,  fruit  black).  Western  Hupeh:  Patung,  A.  Henry  (No.  1458);  Ichang,  A. 
Henry  (No.  3170). 

I  take  the  liberty  of  naming  this  species  in  honor  of  His  Majesty  King  Ferdi- 
nand I.  of  Bulgaria,  a  great  botanist  and  patron  of  natural  history. 

Berberis  Griffithiana  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  V.  403  (1905); 
VIII.  198  (1908). 

B.  Wallichiana,  var.  pallida  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  Ill  (pro 

parte)  (1872),  secundum  specimen  originale. 
B.  Wallichiana,  var.  parvifolia  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
388  (1886);  PI.  Delavay.  38  (1889),  secundum  specimen  originale. 

Yunnan:  in  monte  Tsang-shan,  supra  TaH,  alt.  2000  m.,  March  28,  1884, 
Delavay  (No.  1124).  Kwei-chou  :  Kouy-yang,  May  1898,  H.  Bodinier  (No.  2143). 
Western  Hupeh:  Changyang,  May  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
535;  the  flowering  branches  of  the  specimen  in  Herb.  Hof-Museum,  Vienna). 

The  type  of  this  species  was  collected  by  Griffith  in  Bhootan  (No.  125;  which 
is  the  same  as  No.  1741).  The  Vienna  specimen,  the  only  one  I  had  seen  in  1905, 
has  small  leaves,  measuring  from  2:0.6  to  4:1.2  cm.,  like  those  of  B.  Wallichiana 
var.  parvifolia  Franchet.  Both  these  specimens  bear  small  papillae  on  the  upper 
surface  of  the  leaves.  In  the  Kew  Herbarium  the  number  1741  of  Griffith,  being 
the  same  as  No.  125,  bears  leaves,  of  which  the  largest  measure  7:1.6  cm.,  and  I 
find  similar  leaves  on  No.  1742  of  Griffith.  These  large  leaves  so  much  resemble 
the  smaller  leaves  of  B.  Julianae  and  also  the  leaves  of  B.  Bergmanniae,  that  one 
is  inclined  to  unite  these  three  species,  but  in  their  typical  forms  they  look  very  dif- 
ferent. It  will  need  further  investigations  to  decide,  whether  there  are  three  distinct 
species  or  only  three  forms  of  one  rather  variable  species.  I  have  not  yet  seen  the 
fruit  of  B.  Griffithiana. 

Berberis  Delavayi  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  1.5  m.  altus;  ramuU  juniores  flavescentes,  leviter  angulati,  glabriusculi 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  365 

(levissime  verruculosi),  vetustiores  cinerascentes;  spinae  3-fidae,  gracilcs,  supcrne 
deficientes,  mediae  ad  3  cm.  longae,  flavescentes.  Folia  satis  tonuiter  coriacea, 
ovata  V.  oblongo-ovata,  utrinque  acuta,  basi  in  petiolum  ad  6  mm.  longum  con- 
tracta,  supra  viridia,  nitentia,  hypodermate  non  instructs.,  .^lubtus  fore  concoloria, 
utroque  latere,  sed  subtus  distinctius  laxe  reticulata,  3.3:1  cm.  ad  5.5:1.8  cm. 
magna,  margine  spinoso-dentata  dentibus  1-1.5  mm.  longis  utrinque  7-11  in- 
structa.  Flores  3-15-fasciculati,  mediocres,  flavi;  pedicelli  0.7-2  cm.  longi;  pro- 
phylla  late-triangularia,  sepala  interna  late-ovata;  petala  obovato-oblonga, 
glandulifera;  ovaria  ovulis  3  instructa.  Fructus  ovati  nigri?,  circiter  9:6  cm. 
magni,  stigmatibus  sessilibus  coronati;  semina  2-3. 

Yunnan:  Fang-yang-tchong,  woods,  October  14,  1887,  Delavay  (fruiting 
branches;  fruits  1-3,  fascicled,  pedicels  up  to  2  cm.  long);  Houang-li-pin  supra 
Tapintze,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  March  21,  1887,  Delavay  (type;  shrub  1-1.5  m.  tall, 
flowers  8-15,  pedicels  shorter);  Maen-shan,  woods,  alt.  2500  m.,  October  22,  1889, 
Delavay;  Chi-tcho-tze,  Houan-li-pin,  March  12,  1883,  Delavay  (No.  485). 

To  this  species  may  belong,  possibly,  Wilson's  No.  2879  from  western  Hupeh, 
June  1907,  consisting  of  old  twigs  with  rather  young  leaves,  and  some  flowers 
(1-5),  but  the  ovate  leaves  show  a  somewhat  finer  and  narrower  serration  and  no 
distinct  reticulation  on  the  upper  surface. 

In  shape,  serration  and  nervation  of  the  leaves  B.  Delavayi  much  resembles  B. 
Hookeri  Lemaire,  but  this  species  is  well  distinguished  by  its  sulcate  young  twigs, 
its  large  flowers  and  its  large  fruits  with  4-8  seeds.  Berberis  Hookeri  may  come 
from  the  eastern  Himalaya  (Sikkim,  Bhootan)  and  Upper  Burma,  as  indicated  by 
me  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2.  VIII.  197  (1908),  but  now  I  am  inclined  to  think, 
that  it  possibly  may  be  of  garden  origin  or  that  it  came  from  South  America. 
Therefore  this  species  has  been  excluded  from  the  following  key.  All  the  forms 
cited  by  me  under  B.  Hookeri  in  the  place  quoted  above  may  belong  to  B.  Delavayi 
or  to  a  very  nearly  related  new  species. 

As,  with  the  exception  of  six,  all  the  species  of  this  difiicult  group  have  been 
enumerated  above,  a  key  of  all  the  species  of  this  section  may  be  appended  here. 

CONSPECTUS  ANALYTICUS   SPECIERUM   OMNIUM   ADHUC 
COGNITARUM   SECTIONIS   WALLICHIANAE. 

Facies  superior  foliorum  hypodermate  pertinente  instructa. 

Folia  crasse  coriacea  hypodermate  distincto  sclerenchymatico,  facie  inferiore 
praeter  costam  elevatam  in  sicco  plana  enervia  v.  fere  plana  nervis  laterali- 
bus  tantum  visibilibus. 
Foha  subtus  distincte  albo-pruinosa.    Ramuli  juniores  rotundati  flavescentes. 

Ovula  2-4;  fructus  pruinosi,  estylares B.  pruinosa.^ 

Folia  subtus  tantum  pallidiora,  viridescentia  v.  species  alio  modo  diversa. 
Fructus  albo-pruinosi. 

Folia  majora   ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  ad  4:1.7  cm.   magna,  dentibus 
utrinque  circiter  8  (-12)   instructa.     Petalorum  glandulae  ut  videtur 

minimae B.  Bergmanniae,  p.  362. 

Folia  majora  late  lanceolata,  ad  8.5:1.2  magna,  dentibus  utrinque  13-20 
instructa.  Petalorum  glandulae  distincte  elongatae.    B.  Julianae,  p.  360. 
Fructus  epruinosi  (nigrescentes). 

1  Berberis  pruinosa  Franchet  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bat.  France,  XXXIII.  387  (1886).  — 
Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  301,  fig.  196  a-d'  (1904). 
China:  Yunnan. 


366  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Folia  lanceolata,  majora  ad  12:1.8  cm.  magna,  subtus  fere  v.  omnino 

enervia,  dentibus  satis  distantibus  (circiter  3  pro  1  cm.)    B.  levis,  p.  360. 

Folia  ovato-lanceolata  v.   elliptico-lanceolata  dentibus  valde  approxi- 

matis  V.  ovato-elliptica  et  subtus  non  enervia. 

Folia  ovato-lanceolata  v.  elliptico-lanceolata,  anguste  spinoso-serrata 

(dentibus  circiter  6  pro  1  cm.)     .    .     B.  Ferdinandi-Coburgii,  p.  364. 

Folia  ovato-elliptica,  dentibus  distantibus B.  harandana.'^ 

Folia  coriacea,  hypodermate  pseudoepidermali  (interdum  difficile  visibili),  facie 
inferiore  nervis  lateralibus  distinctius  elevatis. 
Ovula  plerumque  singula,  fere  semper  funiculo  longo  distincto  suffulta. 

B.  Wallichiana.^ 
Ovula  1-3,  sessilia  v.  subsessilia. 

Folia  permagna  ad  19:5.7  cm.  plerumque  solitaria  v.  bina,  dentibus  6-10 

mm.  inter  se  distantibus B.  insignis? 

Folia  maxima  minora,  semper  ad  3-5-fasciculata. 

Folia  parva  v.  mediocria,  raro  ad  7:1.5  cm.  magna,  dentibus  distantibus. 
Ramuli  juniores  sulcato-angulati.     Fructus  ut  videtur  stylares. 

B.  Griffithiana,  p.  364. 
Folia  majora,  ad  13.5:3  cm.  magna,  anguste  duplicato-spinoso-dentata, 
subtus  reticulo  nervorum  satis  distincto.     Fructus  estylares. 

B.  Sargentiana,  p.  359. 

Facies  superior  foliorum  hypodermate  pertinente  baud  instructa,  folia  plus  minusve 

tenuiter  coriacea. 

Folia  majora  v.  longiora  plus  quam  2.5  cm.  longa,  subtus  nunquam  albo-pruinosa. 

Folia  facie  inferiore   (et  etiam  superiore)   angustissime    reticulata,  margine 

angustissime  et  gracillime  inaequaliter  spinoso-serrata  (dentibus  pro  1  cm. 

circiter  6-9)      B.  arguta* 

Folia  alio  modo  reticulata  v.  serrata. 
Ovaria  ovulo  singulo  funiculo  distincto  elongato  sufFulto  instructa.     Folia 
lanceolata,  ad    7:1.8    cm.    magna,    utrinque    laxe    reticulata.     Ramuli 
juniores  valde  sulcati B.  Wallichiana,  var.  microcarpa.^ 

1  Berberis  barandana  Vidal,  Revis.  PI.  Vase.  Filip.  45  (1886). 
Philippine  Islands. 

2  Berberis  Wallichiana  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  I.  107  (1824).  —  Hooker  f.  & 
Thomson,  Fl.  Ind.  225  (1885).  — Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  1. 110  (1875).  — Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  304,  fig.  196  n-p  (1904),  II.  916  (1912);  in  Bull.  Herb. 
Boissier,  s4r.  2,  V.  402  (1905). 

Eastern  Nepal  to  Assam. 

3  Berberis  insignis  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  Fl.  Ind.  226  (1855).  —  Hooker,  Fl. 
Brit.  Ind.  I.  Ill  (1875). 

Himalaya:  Sikkim. 

*  Berberis  arguta  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  VIII.  197  (1908); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  916,  fig.  574  c  (1912). 

Berberis  Wallichiana,  i.  arguta  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  38  (1889). 
China:  Yunnan. 

5  Berberis  Wallichiana,  var.  microcarpa  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  Fl.  Ind.  225 
(1855).  — Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  Ill  (1875).  —  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb. 
Boissier,  s6t.  2,  V.  402  (1905). 

Assam  and  Burma. 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  367 

Ovaria  ovulis  1-4  sessilibus  vel  subsessilibus  instructa. 

Folia  pcrmagna,  9-18  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3.3  cm.  lata,  longe  acuminata, 
breviter   spinuloso-dentata  dentibus   vix    1    mm.    longis   distantibus. 

Ramuli  juniores  flavescontes,  rotundati B.  acuminata} 

Folia  etiam  maxima  vix  plus  quam  10  cm.  longa  v.  alio  modo  diversa. 
Folia  satis  parva,  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  3.3-5.5  cm.  longa  et  1-1.8 
cm.  lata  subtus  laxe  reticulata,  breviter  spinoso-dentata.     Fructus 

estylares      B.  Delavayi,  p.  364. 

Folia  majora  v.  lanceolata. 

Ramuli  juniores  striato-sulcati,  flavescentes. 

Folia  ovato-lanceolata,  majora  ad  9: 2.2  cm.  magna,  margine  gracil- 
iter  breviter  spinoso-denticulata.    Pedicelli  1.8-2.2  cm.  longi. 

B.  subacuminata,  p.  363. 

Folia    lineari-lanceolata,   majora  ad  6:0.5  cm.  magna,  margine 

dentibus  satis  crassiset  approximatis  dentata.  Pedicelli  6-15  mm. 

longi B.  sanguinea,  p.  359. 

Ramuli  juniores  plus  minus  rotundati,  flavescentes  v.  rubescentes. 
Ramuli  hornotini  rubescentes,  glabri.     Ovula  1-3. 

Folia  lineari-lanceolata,  ad  6.5:0.8  cm.  magna,  margine  denti- 
bus gracilibus  distantibus  serrata     B.  triacanthophora,  p.  358. 
Folia  lanceolata  v.  anguste  ovato-lanceolata,  ad  11.5:1.9-2.4 
cm.  magna,  margine  spinis  2-3  mm.  longis  dentata. 

B.  Veitchii,  p.  363. 

Ramuli   hornotini   flavescentes,   plerumque   minime  verruculosi. 

Ovula  4.    Folia  lanceolata,  ad  7:  1.5  cm.  magna,  graciliter  et 

satis  angustes  pinoso-serrata    ....     B.  Gagnepainii,  p.  358. 

Folia  majora  v.  longiora  vix  plus  quam  2.5  cm.  longa  v.  subtus  distincte  albo- 

pruinosa. 

Folia  subtus  viridia  v.  tantum  leviter,  non  albo-pruinosa.     Flores  1-3,  longiua- 

cule  pedicellati. 

Ramuli  teretes,  distincte  verruculosi B.  verruculosa,  p.  357. 

Ramuli  striato-sulcati,  sublaeves      B.  Asmyana,  p.  357. 

Folia  subtus  distincte  alba.    Ramuli  glabri,  rotundati.    Flores  singuli,  breviter 
pedicellati B.  candidula,  p.  357. 


Sect.    TINCTORIAE  Schneider. 

Berberis  Francisci-Ferdinandi  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis;  ramuli  juniores  rubri,  deinde  purpurascentes, 
glabri,  leviter  nitentes  et  angulati,  vetustiores  cinerascentes;  inter- 
nodia  2-3.5  cm.  longa;  spinae  plerumque  simplices,  parvae  v.  ad 
2.5  cm.  longae,  subtus  sulcatae,  flavo-rubrae;  folia  ad  6  fasciculata; 
chartacea,  decidua,  ovata  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  utrinque  acuta,  basi 
satis  subito  in  petiolum  distinctum  0.5-1.5  cm.  longum  contracta, 
supra   viridia,  subtus   claro-viridia,  utrinque   levissime   nitentia   et 

»  Berberis  acuminata  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bol.  France,  XXXIII.  387  (1886).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  916  (1912). 
China:  Yunnan. 


368  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

eodem  modo  laxe  elevato-reticulata,  petiolo  excluso  2:1-7:3.2  cm. 
magna,  toto  margine  spinoso-dentata  spinis  1-1.5  mm.  longis, 
raro  subintegra.  Infiorescentiae  paniculatae  (v.  elongato-paniculato- 
racemosae),  5.5-12  cm.  longae  (pedunculo  nudo  ad  2  cm.  longo 
incluso),  multiflorae,  glabrae;  flores  flavi,  circiter  7-9  mm.  diam.; 
pedicelli  fructiferi  ad  10  mm.  longi,  rubescentes,  basi  bracteis  lineari- 
bus  acuminatissimis  (2-) 3  mm.  longis  suffulti;  prophylla  anguste 
lanceolata,  acuminata,  rubra,  bracteis  similia;  sepala  tribus  seriebus 
disposita,  late  ovata,  exteriora  quam  infima  duplo  breviora;  petala 
oblanceolata,  sepalis  infimis  paullo  longiora,  apice  bifida,  basi  breviter 
unguiculata,  glandulis  2  normaliter  obtecta;  stamina  quam  petala 
duplo  minora,  normalia,  leviter  apiculata;  ovaria  estylosa,  ovulis 
2  subsessilibus  instructa.  Fructus  satis  magni,  scarlatini,  ovati  v. 
elliptici,  circiter  12:  7  mm.  magni;  semina  2. 

Western  China :  Mao-chou,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  June  and 
October  1908  (No.  iiSo,  type);  Fei-yueh-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thick- 
ets, alt.  2600  m..  May  1908  (No.  2869;  with  very  young  inflorescences) ; 
alt.  3400-4000  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3151;  bush  1.25  m. 
tall). 

A  rather  striking  species,  apparently  most  nearly  related  to  the  Himalayan  B. 
chitria  Lindley,  which  is  well  distinguished,  however,  by  its  puberulous  branchlets, 
the  longer  stalked  and  numerous  ovules  and  by  the  distinct  styles. 

I  take  the  liberty  of  dedicating  this  handsome  species  to  His  Imperial  and  Royal 
Highness  Archduke  Franz  Ferdinand  of  Austria,  the  High  Protector  of  the  Den- 
drological  Society  of  Austria  and  Hungary. 

Sect.    INTEGERRIMAE  Schneider. 

Berberis  Caroli  Schneider,  var.  hoanghensis  Schneider  in  Bull. 
Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  V.  459  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  upper  Min  valley,  Sungpan,  alt.  3000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4022;  bush  1.30-2  m.  tall,  fruit  salmon-red);  with- 
out locality,  alt.  4000-4500  m.,  forming  hedges,  October  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3157;  bush  1.5-3  m.). 

Sect.    SINENSES  Schneider. 

Berberis  Wilsonae  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1906, 
151;  in  Bot.  Mag.  t.  4814  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mongkong  Ting,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1356,  in  part;  bush  0.30-1.30  m.  high,  flowers 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  369 

yellow,  fruit  coral-red);  Tachicn-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
July  and  October  1908  (No.  1356,  in  part;  flowers  golden,  fruit  coral- 
red);  Wa-shan,  alt.  2000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1356,  in  part);  near 
Sungpan,  Min  valley,  alt.  2000-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4635; 
bush  0.00-1  m.  high,  flowers  yellow),  roadsides,  alt.  2400  m.,  August 
1903  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3147,  3154;  shrub  0.25-1.25  m.  tall). 

Pictures  of  this  shrub  will  be  found  under  Nos.  242  and  243  of  the  collection  of 
Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  131  and  132. 

Berberis  subcaulialata  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Re-p.  Nov.  Sp.  VI.  267 
(1909). 

Western  Szech'uan  :  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1267;  bush  0.60-1.30  m.  high,  fruit  coral-red). 

Wilson's  specimen  exactly  agrees  with  the  type. 

Berberis  thibetica  Schneider  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  II.  268 
(1909);  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  920  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan :  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3200-3400  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4385;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  fruit  red).  Here  belongs 
possibly  the  following  specimen:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3300  m., 
September  1908  (No.  1282;  bush  1-2.60  m.  tall,  fruit  sabnon-red). 

I  am  not  quite  sure  whether  No.  4385  really  belongs  to  B.  thibetica,  which  is 
very  similar  in  the  shape  of  the  leaves  and  in  the  inflorescence.  Unfortunately 
Wilson's  specimen  is  imperfect  and  lacks  very  young  branchlets.  Of  B.  thibetica 
I  only  have  before  me  rather  luxuriant  cultivated  flowering  specimens  and  I  have 
seen  but  one  fruit.  The  fruits  of  No.  4385  seem  to  be  somewhat  smaller,  and  some 
of  the  leaves  bear  1-4  short  spines  on  each  side  towards  the  apex. 

Wilson's  No.  1282  consists  of  old,  gray,  somewhat  angulate,  fruiting  branches; 
the  inflorescences  and  fruit  rather  resemble  those  of  No.  4385,  but  the  leaves  of 
No.  1282  are  more  lanceolate,  rather  acute  and  distinctly  spinose-dentate  with 
3-5  short  pungent  spines  on  each  side.  I  cannot  decide  if  this  is  only  a  variety  of 
B.  thibetica  or  if  it  represents  a  distinct  species. 

Berberis  Boschanii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-2.5  m.  altus;  ramuli  annotini  purpurascentes,  divaricati, 
angulati,  glabri,  subnitentes,  vetustiores  cinereo-brunnescentes  v. 
cinerascentes;  internodia  1  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  flavo-brunneae, 
mediae  ad  2  cm.  longae,  subtus  esulcatae.  Folia  (ramulorum  fructi- 
ferorum)  ad  4  fasciculata,  satis  crasse  membranacea,  ovato-lanceolata 
V.  oblanceolata,  apice  subacuta,  leviter  mucronulata,  basi  in  petiolum 
1-2  cm.  longum  contracta,  0.6:0.3  ad  1.7:0.6  cm.  magna,  supra  viridia, 
vix  V.  pauUo  nitentia,  fere  enervata,  subtus  concoloria,  distinctius 
nitentia,   laxe  sed    satis   indistincte  nervata,   margine    integerrima. 


370  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Inflorescentiae  fructiferae  racemosae,  glabrae,  nutantes,  circiter  5-8- 
florae,  ad  3  cm.  longae;  flores  ignoti;  pedicelli  3-7  mm.  longi,  basi 
bracteis  triangularibus  acuminatis  circiter  1  mm.  longis  suffulti. 
Fructus  eorallini,  ut  videtur  leviter  pruinosi,  ovato-rotundi,  circiter 
6:4-4.5  mm.  magni,  stigmatibus  sessilibus;  semina  2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mao-chou,  Min  valley,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
October  1908  (No.  ii66,  type).  The  following  number  may  be  the 
same:  Min  valley,  alt.  2200  m.,  September  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3156;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  fruit  scarlet). 

This  species  is  most  nearly  related  to  B.  thihetica,  which  differs  in  the  pruinose, 
not  shining  under  surface  of  the  leaves,  and  in  its  larger  fruit  with  short  style. 
Unfortunately  the  flowers  of  this  new  species  have  not  been  collected. 

This  species  is  named  in  honor  of  Mr.  Louis  von  Boschan,  the  vice-president  of 
the  Dendrological  Society  of  Austria  and  Hungary. 

I  cannot  yet  say  whether  the  two  following  species  belong  to  this  section  or  to 
a  new  one,  intermediate  between  the  Sinenses  and  Heteropodae. 

Berberis  SUva-Taroucana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.50-3  m.  altus,  ut  videtur  habitu  B.  heterophyllae;  ramuli 
glabri,  juniores  sulcati,  fuscescentes,  vetustiores  rotundati,  cine- 
rascentes;  internodia  2-3  cm.  longa;  spinae  ramulorum  floriferorum 
1-fidae,  debiles,  vix  6  mm.  longae,  v.  nullae;  folia  ad  6  fasciculata, 
papyracea,  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  apice  rotunda 
v.  obtusa,  tenuiter  mucronulata,  basun  versus  subito  in  petiolum 
ad  13(-25)  mm.  longum  contracta,  1.5:0.7  cm.  ad  5.5:2.5(-2.8)  cm. 
V.  5:3.5  cm.  petiolis  exclusis  magna,  margine  Integra  v.  utrinque 
dentibus  tenuibus  brevibusque  1-10  instructa,  supra  viridia,  subtus 
pallida,  pruinosa,  sed  non  papillosa,  utroque  latere  laxe  sed  distincte 
reticulata.  Inflorescentiae  laxe  racemosae,  sessiles  v.  breve-pedun- 
culatae,  (6-)9-12-florae,  3-7  cm.  longae;  flores  flavae,  satis  parvae 
(circiter  6-8  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  0.8-2  cm.  longi,  basi  bracteis 
minutis  vix  1.5  mm.  longis  triangulari-acuminatis  instructi;  pro- 
phylla  minute  ovata;  sepala  interiora  late  ovata  petalis  ovatis  glan- 
duliferis  apice  raro  incisis  paullo  majora;  stamina  apice  pauUoapiculata, 
petalis  breviora;  ovaria  ovulis  2  fere  sessilibus  instructa;  fructus 
ovato-globosi,  rubri  ("  scarlet "  Wilson)  verisimiliter  leviter  pruinosi, 
ad  9:7-8  mm.  magni,  stigmatibus  sessilibus  coronati;  semina  matura 
1-2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  May 
23,  1908  (No.  2860,  type);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  summit  of  Niu-tou- 


BERBEKIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  371 

shan,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  25,  1908  (No.  2857) ;  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of 
Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2G00-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4288);  Wa-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  2600  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (Nos.  2858,  955) ;  west 
and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-3000  m.,  July  and 
September  1908  (Nos.  1012, 1059);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2800  m., 
June,  July  and  September  1908  (Nos.  2861,  1012'*);  west  and  near 
Wench'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2867;  a 
form  with  few-flowered,  fasciculate-racemose  inflorescences);  with- 
out locality,  September  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3151'';  fruiting 
branches);  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4726). 

This  species  seems  nearly  related  to  the  little  known  B.  Tschonoskyana  Regel 
from  Japan  of  which  I  have  not  yet  seen  the  young  branches.  Especially  No. 
28G7  looks  very  like  the  Japanese  form,  as  described  by  Rcgel  in  Act.  Hort.  Peirop. 
II.  421  (1S73)  and  as  B.  sikokiana  by  Yatabc,  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  V.  283,  (1891). 
At  first  sight  this  new  species  also  resembles  B.  Tischleri  Schneider  which  differs 
chiefly  in  having  4  ovules  and  an  elongated  fruit  with  a  distinct  style. 

Named  in  honor  of  His  Excellency  Count  Ernst  Silva  Tarouca,  the  president 
of  the  Dendrological  Society  of  Austria  and  Hungary,  a  famous  garden  maker  and 
plant  lover,  to  whom  I  am  much  indebted  for  assistance. 

Berberis  Mouillacana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-3-metralis;  ramuli  annotini  et  biennes  purpurascentes, 
glabri,  angulato-sulcati,  vetustiores  cinerascentes;  internodia  1-2.5 
cm.  longa;  spinae  simplices,  ramulorum  juniorum  ad  1.8  cm.  longae, 
flavescentes,  rotundatae;  folia  ad  6  fasciculata,  crasse  membranacea, 
obovato-lanceolata,  apice  obtusa  v.  rotunda,  minime  mucronulata, 
basi  plus  minusve  subito  in  petiolum  distinctum  1-15  mm.  longum 
contracta,  laminis  1:0.4  ad  2.5:1.4  cm.  v.  3.5:1.7  ad  6:1.9  cm.  magnis, 
supra  viridia,  vix  nitentia,  subtus  concoloria  et  nitentia  raro  leviter 
pruinosa,  utrinque,  sed  subtus  distinctius,  laxe  reticulata,  margine 
Integra  v.  raro  dentibus  brevissimis  distantibus  utrinque  ad  8  in- 
structa.  Inflorescentiae  fructiferae  plerumque  distincte  racemosae, 
versus  apicem  ramorum  interdum  fasciculato-racemosae,  6-12-florae, 
ad  4.5  cm.  longae,  glabrae;  flores  nondum  vidi;  pedicelli  0.5-1.3  cm. 
longi,  basi  bracteis  triangulari-acuminatis  acutissimis,  1.5-2  mm. 
longis  suffulti.  Fructus  rubri  ("scarlet  or  crimson"  Wilson)  leviter 
pruinosi,  ovato-elliptici,  circiter  8-10  ad  5-7  mm.  magni,  stigmatibus 
sessilibus;  semina  (l-)2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2700-3600  m., 
September  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1039,  type,  1041,  1283);  same 
locality,  uplands,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4123). 


372  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

This  species  appears  to  be  most  nearly  related  to  B.  Silva-Taroucana  Schneider, 
which  chiefly  differs  in  the  pruinose  not  shining  under  surface  of  the  leaves,  in  its 
more  irregularly  racemose  inflorescences  and  in  its  longer  pedicels.  Further  in- 
vestigations are  necessary,  however,  to  decide  whether  B.  Mouillacana  must  be 
considered  as  a  variety  of  B.  Silva-Taroucana. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  I  have  named  this  species  for  Dr.  Mouillac,  a  dis- 
tinguished French  army  surgeon,  at  one  time  in  charge  of  the  Ecole  de  Medecine  & 
R.  C.  Hospital,  Chengtu,  in  appreciation  of  valued  service  rendered  to  him  during 
the  autumn  of  1910. 

The  following  description  and  notes  are  based  on  material  not  collected  in  the 
Arnold  Arboretum  Expeditions. 

Berberis  Poiretii  Schneider  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XV.  180  (1906). 
Berberis  sinensis  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s4r.  2,  V.  655  (non  Poiret, 

nee  Desfontaines)  (1905). 
Berberis  sinensis,  /3.  angustifolia  Regel  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  II.  2,  416  (1873). 

Manchuria:  Sheng-king,  Mukden,  May  28,  1906,  F.  N.  Meyer,  (No.  121). 

Berberis  Poiretii,  f.  weichangensis  Schneider,  n.  forma. 

A  typo  recedit  spinis  inferioribus  3-fidis,  bracteis  plerumque  paullo  brevioribus. 

Northern  Chili:  east  Weichang,  1909,  W.  Purdorn  (Nos.  2,  type,  and  35, 
in  part). 

I  cannot  find  any  other  difference  between  the  type  and  this  form  of  northern 
Chih,  but  there  is  another  flowering  branch  on  the  same  sheet  with  No.  35,  of 
which  all  the  leaves  are  distinctly  serrate,  while  the  flowers  are  quite  like  those  of 
the  other  branch,  which  cannot  be  separated  in  any  way  from  No.  2.  The  leaves 
of  the  serrate  form  resemble  perfectly  those  of  the  following  species,  which  possibly 
may  be  only  a  variety  of  B.  Poiretii. 

Berberis  Purdomii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  metralis,  ut  videtur  habitu  B.  Poiretii;  ramuU  glabri,  leviter  sulcati  v. 
fere  teretes,  paullo  divaricati,  juniores  fuscescentes,  vetustiores  cinerascentes; 
intemodia  1.5-2  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  graciles  v.  majores,  mediae  ad  1.5 
cm.  longae,  flavescentes,  acutae,  subtus  sulcatae  (in  No.  345  spinae  robustiores, 
ad  2  cm.  longae).  Folia  ad  12  fasciculata,  lanceolata,  apice  acuta,  basim  versus 
sensim  in  petiolum  brevem  decurrentia,  1:0.4  ad  4:0.8  cm.  magna  (in  No.  345 
folia  majora,  obovato-lanceolata,  ad  4:1.3  cm.  magna),  utrinque  fere  concoloria 
et  pari  modo  satis  laxe  sed  distincte  reticulata,  margine  graciliter  spinuloso-den- 
tata,  dentibus  utrinque  0.5-1.5  mm.  longis  5-15  instructa.  Inflorescentiae  valde 
juveniles,  cum  pedunculo  nudo  1.5  cm.  longo  ad  3  cm.  longae,  glabrae,  flores  nondum 
evoluti  bracteis  lineari-lanceolatis  2  mm.  longis  acuminatis  stipitati;  ovaria  ovulis 
ut  videtur  2  sessihbus  instructa. 

Shensi:  south  Yenan  Fu,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  3);  same  locality  (No.  345; 
3  ft.  tall). 

Without  having  seen  fully  developed  flowers  it  is  impossible  to  say,  whether  the 
branch  of  Purdom's  No.  35  of  North  Chili,  Weichang,  mentioned  under  B.  Poiretii, 
var.  weichangensis  Schneider  may  not  belong  to  B.  Purdomii.  This  species  cer- 
tainly is  very  closely  related  to  B.  Poiretii,  but  the  leaves  of  B.  Purdomii  are 
serrate  and  show  a  more  distinct  nervation  on  both  sides. 

Berberis  Vernae  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.75-1.5  m.  altus;  ramuli  glabri,  satis  sulcati,  annotini  biennesque  pur- 
purascentes,  deinde  cinerascentes,  lenticeUis  nigris  plus  minusve  conspersi;  inter- 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  373 

nodia  1-2  cm.  longa;  spinae  plerumque  simplices,  versus  apicem  ramulorum 
floriferorum  breves,  sed  variabiles,  intordum  ad  3  cm.  longae,  rigidae,  applanatae, 
flavescentes,  subtus  leviter  sulcatae.  Folia  ad  8  fasciculata,  in  eodem  fascicule 
valde  inaequalia,  spathulata  v.  oblanceolata,  tenuia,  apice  obtusa,  tantum  mu- 
cronulata,  raro  acuta,  basim  versus  in  petiolum  brevem  decurrentia  v.  sessilia, 
fere  semper  integerrima,  supra  viridia,  laxe  reticulata,  subtus  vix  pallidiora,  pari 
modo  reticulata,  minima  8:3  mm.,  majora  ad  2.5:0.8  cm.,  maxima  ad  4:1.2  cm. 
magna,  haec  interdum  spinoso-denticulata,  dentibus  utrinque  6-8.  Inflorescen- 
tiae  densiflorae,  graciles,  pedunculo  nudo  0.5-1  cm.  longo  incluso  1.5-4  cm.  longae, 
nutantes,  glabrae;  flores  lutei,  minimi  (circiter  3-4  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  2-3  mm. 
longi,  basi  bracteis  acuminatis  aequilongis  v.  subaequilongis  instructi;  prophylla 
minuta  lanceolata;  sepala  ovata,  obtusa;  petala  oblonga,  subacuta  v.  apice  incisa, 
eepalis  aequilonga  v.  sublongiora,  basi  normaliter  glandulifera;  stamina  normalia, 
petalis  duplo  minora;  ovaria  staminibus  aequilonga,  ovulis  2  (v.  interdum  1  ?) 
sessilibus  instructa,  estylosa.  Fructus  ut  videtur  rubri,  globosi,  (circiter  4-5  mm. 
diam.);  tantum  unum  vidi. 

West  Kansu:  Min-chou,  alt.  3200-3600  m.,  W.  Purdom. 

This  species  differs  from  B.  Poiretii  Schneider  and  its  varieties  by  its  stronger 
simple  spines,  by  its  very  small  flowers  and  fruits  and  by  its  two-ovuled  ovaries. 
It  seems  most  closely  related  to  B.  Purdomii  Schneider,  of  which  I  have  only  seen 
branches  bearing  very  young  flowers  with  all  the  leaves  serrate.  Berberis  Vernae 
possibly  may  belong  to  the  section  Integerrimae. 

The  species  is  named  in  compliment  to  Miss  Vema  Berger  of  La  Mortola. 

There  is  another  remarkable,  but  incomplete  specimen  from  Weichang  among 
Purdom's  collection  (without  No.,  Chinese  collectors).  It  bears  very  young  in- 
florescences and  the  axes  of  some  old  ones.  The  specimen  is  very  peculiar.  The 
branches  are  apparently  from  an  old  shrub;  the  leaves  are  entire,  narrowly  spatu- 
late  and  up  to  4  cm.  long  and  8  mm.  broad;  the  racemes  are  borne  on  naked  pedun- 
cles up  to  2  cm.  long,  they  show  a  tendency  to  become  paniculate  in  their  lower 
part  and  the  lowest  flower  of  each  raceme  is  subtended  by  a  leaf,  a  feature  I  have 
never  observed  so  far;  the  old  inflorescences  are  about  8  cm.  long.  It  seems  to 
be  a  new  species  which  at  present  cannot  be  exactly  determined;  I  hardly  believe 
that  it  is  a  monstrosity. 

Berberis  Lecomtei  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Berberis  sinensis,  var.  typica  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  35  (1889). 
Berberis  Thunbergii,  var.  glabra  Franchet,  1.  c. 

Frutex  ad  2-metralis;  ramuli  annotini  et  biennes  purpurascentes,  glabri,  angu- 
lati,  vetustiores  cinereo-brunnescentes  v.  cinerascentes;  intemodia  1.3-2.6  cm. 
longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  graciles,  flavo-brunneae,  mediae  ad  1.8  cm.  longae.  Folia  ad 
6  fasciculata,  tenuiter  membranacea,  oblanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  apice  obtusa, 
Bed  mucronulata,  basim  versus  in  petiolum  2-5  mm.  longum  sensim  attenuata, 
integerrima,  supra  viridia,  subtus  cinereo-pruinosa  (v.  leviter  virescentia?), 
utrinque  tantum  costa  nervisque  latcralibus  laxe  subrcticulata,  1.3:0.4  cm.  ad 
3.2:0.8  cm.  magna.  Inflorescentiae  breves  fasciculato-racemosae  v.  elongatae 
umbellato-racemosae,  cum  pedunculis  ad  1-2  cm.  longis  ad  4  cm.  longae,  glabrae, 
(3-)6-10-florae;  flores  flavi,  satis  parvi  (circiter  6-8  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  graciles, 
0.8-1.3  cm.  longi;  basi  bracteis  breviter  acuminatis,  1  mm.  longis  suffulti;  pro- 
phylla ovato-lanceolata,  acuta;  sepala  exteriora  late  ovata  sepalis  interioribus  late 
ovatis  V.  obovatis  fere  duplo  minora;  petala  sepalis  interioribus  aequilonga  v.  fere 
longiora,  obovata,  apice  ut  videtur  incisa,  basi  breviter  unguiculata,  glandulis 


374  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

normalibus  instructa,  stamina  normalia  (v.  breviter  apiculata),  ovaria  ut  videtur 
estylosa,  ovulis  1-2  sessilibus  instructa.    Fructus  nondum  vidi. 

Yunnan  :  "  in  silvis  ad  coUum  Koua-la-po  (Ho-kein),"  alt.  3000  m.,  fl.  26  maj. 
1884,  Delavay  (No.  1047,  type);  "  in  collibus  ad  collum  Yen-tze-hay  (Lan-kong)," 
alt.  3000  m.,  fl.  jun.  1886,  Delavay  (No.  2447) ;  "  in  silvis  Kou-toui,  supra  Mosogyn," 
alt.  3000  m.,  fl.  17  maj.  1887,  Delavay. 

The  first  two  specimens  represent  the  type  of  Franchet's  B.  sinensis  typica, 
the  last  is  the  type  of  Franchet's  B.  Thunbergii,  var.  glabra.  In  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier, 
ser.  2,  VIII.  204  (1908)  I  have  already  stated  that  these  two  forms  of  Franchet 
may  belong  to  one  species.  Indeed  they  differ  only  in  this  that  Nos.  1047,  2447 
have  more  fasciculate  racemes  and  apiculate  stamens,  while  the  specimen  from 
Kou-toui  has  more  elongated  and  umbellulate  racemes  and  non-apiculate  anthers. 
Unfortunately  I  have  not  yet  seen  any  fruiting  specimen.  There  is  a  Berberis 
cultivated  under  No.  3499  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  raised  from  seeds  collected 
by  Delavay  in  Yunnan,  which  in  many  respects  seems  to  agree  well  with  B.  Le- 
comtei.  The  leaves  of  No.  3499  scarcely  differ  from  that  of  our  new  species,  but 
in  the  fruiting  branches  they  are  more  broadly  obovate,  measuring  from  2:0.8- 
1.3  cm.  to  3: 1.2  cm.  The  inflorescences  of  No.  3499  are  mostly  distinctly  stalked 
and  umbellulate-racemose.  The  flowers  do  not  show  any  marked  difference  from 
that  of  No.  1047.  The  fruits  are  red,  shghtly  pruinose,  round-ovate  with  sessile 
stigmas,  they  contain  two  seeds.  This  cultivated  form  from  Yunnan  possibly 
may  belong  to  B.  Lecomtei,  which  seems  to  be  rather  nearly  related  to  the 
Japanese  B.  Thunbergii. 

The  name  is  given  in  honor  of  Professor  Lecomte,  the  Director  of  the  botanical 
department  of  the  Museum  d'Histoire  Naturelle,  Paris, 


Sect.    VULGARES  Schneider.^ 

Berberis  dictyoneura  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.60-2  m.  altus;  ramuli  juniores  nondum  visi,  vetustiores 
cinerei,  angulati,  leviter  divaricati;  internodia  1.6-2.3  cm.  longa; 
folia  (ramulorum  fructiferorum)  ad  7  fasciculata,  membranacea, 
ovata,  apice  subacuta,  basi  satis  subito  in  petiolum  2-6  mm.  longum 
contracta,  lamina  1: 0.5  ad  3: 1.4  cm.  magna,  utrinque  fere  concoloria, 
nitentia,  eodem  modo  distinctissime  anguste  reticulata,  margine 
dense  fere  duplo  spinoso-dentata  spinis  distantibus  majoribus  fere 
ad  2  mm.  longis.  Inflorescentiae  racemosae  v.  fasciculato-racemosae, 
circiter  6-florae,  2-3  cm.  longae,  glabrae,  pedicelli  0.8-1.4  cm.  longi, 
basi  bracteis  triangularibus,  acuminatissimis,  1.5  mm.  longis  suffulti; 
flores  non  vidi.  Fructus  immaturi  obovati,  7-8  mm.  longi  et  4-5  mm. 
lati,  stigmatibus  sessilibus;  semina  2,  sessilia. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  valley,  near  Sungpan,  roadsides,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4633). 

^  For  lack  of  some  important  type  specimens  I  have  not  been  able  to  determine 
all  the  material  belonging  to  this  group.  I  expect  to  give  supplementary  notes  in 
the  second  volume  of  this  work. 


BERBERIDACEAB.  —  BERBERIS  375 

This  interesting  plant,  of  which  I  have  only  seen  a  small  branch  with  immature 
fruits,  is  readily  distinguished  by  the  reticulation  and  dentation  of  its  leaves. 
It  seems  most  nearly  allied  to  B.  dubia  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  scr.  2, 
V.  663  (1900);  VIII.  259  (1908)  from  western  Mongolia  and  Kansu,  which  differs 
chiefly  in  the  somewhat  different  reticulation  and  dentation  of  the  smaller  leaves 
and  in  the  shorter  pedicels. 

Berberis  brachypoda  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Peters- 
bourg,  XXIII.  308  (1877);  Fl.  Tangut.  30.  t.  7,  fig.  8-13  (1889).— 
Sclmeider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  V.  664  (1905);  VIII.  262 
(1908). 

Western  Hupeh :  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  June  and  November  1907  (No.  554;  bush  1.30-2  m.  high, 
flowers  yellow,  fruit  scarlet);  upland  thickets.  Fang  Hsien,  alt. 
3200-3600  m.  (No.  4416;  bush  1.25-2  m.  tall,  fruit  scarlet);  without 
locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1915). 

The  inflorescence  is  sometimes  somewhat  paniculate  near  the  base.    The  fruits 
are  elliptic,  up  to  11  mm.  long  and  6  mm.  across  with  a  sessile  stigma. 
Here  may  be  added  the  two  following  species  collected  by  Mr.  Purdom. 

Berberis  amurensis  Ruprecht,  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XV.  216  (1857). 
Northern  Chili:  Weichang,  1909,  W.  Purdom  (No.  34). 

Berberis  Gilgiana  Fedde  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXVI.  Beibl.  LXXXII.  43  (1905).  — 
Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2,  VIII.  262  (1908). 

Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (Nos.  6,  8). 

Purdom's  specimens  have  the  leaves  somewhat  broader  and  shorter  and  more 
rhombic-ovate,  but  I  cannot  find  any  other  great  difference  in  them. 


Sect.    POLYANTHAE  Schneider. 

Berberis  aggregata  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  VIII. 
203  (1908);  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  918  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  side  of 
streams,  alt.  2600  m.,  June  21,  1908  (No.  2870;  bush  1-1.20  cm.  high, 
flowers  yellow);  Min  valley,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1050;  bush  0.60-1.20  m.  high,  fruit  salmon-red);  Mupin, 
thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4286;  bush  1.60  m. 
high,  fruit  bright  red). 

The  type  was  collected  by  Potanin  in  eastern  Kansu  "valle  fl.  Hei  ho"  and 
most  of  its  inflorescences  are  distinctly  compound,  so  it  seems  to  be  better  to  place 
this  species  in  the  Section  Polyanthae. 


376  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Berberis  polyantha  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIX.  302. 
(1892).  — Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  V.  815  (1905); 
VIII.  264  (1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  July  and 
September  1908  (No.  1048;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  deep  yellow); 
Min  valley,  north  of  Mao-chou,  alt.  2900-3200  m.,  August  1910  (No. 
4634;  shrub  1.0  m.  tall,  fruit  salmon-red);  valley  of  Hsao-chin-ho 
near  Monkong  Ting,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2872;  bush 
2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow) ;  without  locality,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3152);  without  locality,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2527). 

Berberis  polyantha,  var.  oblanceolata  Schneider,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis  integris  v.  fere  integris  majoribus 
oblaneeolatis  ad  2.4  mm.  longis  et  6  mm.  latis,  minoribus  obovatis  v. 
ovalibus,  inflorescentiis  minoribus  et  angustioribus  cum  pedunculo 
2.5-4  cm.  longis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  valley  of  Hsao-chin-ho  near  Monkong 
Ting,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2868;  decumbent  bush, 
1-1.60  m.  tall,  flowers  deep  yellow). 

Berberis  Prattii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis;  ramuli  floriferi  paullo  hirtelli  v.  fere  glabri, 
cinereo-brunnei,  sulcati,  internodia  2-3  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae, 
satis  debiles,  mediocres  ad  13  mm.  longae,  flavo-brunneae,  acutae, 
subtus  leviter  sulcatae;  folia  ad  10  fasciculata,  oblonga  v.  obovato- 
oblonga  v.  obovalia,  apice  rotunda  v.  leviter  emarginata  v.  breviter 
acuta,  mucronulata,  basim  versus  in  petiolum  brevem  subito  con- 
tracta,  sed  lamina  ad  imam  basim  decurrente,  margine  Integra  v. 
utrinque  supra  mediam  dentibus  1-9  satis  parvis  instructa,  supra 
viridia,  ut  videtur  nitentia,  subtus  pallidiora,  papillosa,  utrinque  dis- 
tincte  et  anguste  elevato-reticulata,  majora  2.5:1-1.5  cm.  ad  4.5:1.5- 
2.5  cm.  magna.  Inflorescentiae  paniculatae,  elongatae,  fructiferae 
ad  15  cm.  longae,  brevissime  v.  indistincte  pilosae;  flores  flavi,  parvi, 
circiter  5-6  mm.  diam.;  pedicelli  3-5  mm.  longi,  bracteis  acuminatis, 
ad  3  mm.  longis  instructi;  petala  sepalis  internis  late  ovatis  vix  bre- 
viora,  obovato-oblonga,  apice  incisa,  basi  late  unguiculata,  glan- 
dulifera;  stamina  apice  apiculata,  petalis  breviora;  ovaria  ovulis  2 
sessilibus  instructa.  Fructus  salmoneo-rubri,  verisimiliter  pruinosi, 
ut  videtur  globosi,  parvi,  circiter  6:6  mm.  magni,  stylo  distincto  sed 
brevi  coronati;  semina  2. 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  BERBERIS  377 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
2600-2800  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1261,  type,  1300); 
Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  2800-3400  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4173; 
bush  1.5-2  m.  high,  fruit  salmon-red);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1050'');  without  locality,  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3152=^). 

To  this  species  also  belongs  Wilson's  No.  1320  ex  Hort.  Veitch.  In  his  B. 
polyantha,  Hemsley  has  mixed  two  different  species.  The  true  B.  pohjantha  is  repre- 
sented by  Pratt's  Nos.  20G  and  704,  but  Pratt's  No.  80  is  quite  different  and  belongs 
to  this  new  species.  Berberis  polyayitha  has  much  thicker  leaves  with  a  very  fine 
and  narrow  reticulation;  the  inflorescences  are  broader  and  looser,  the  bracts 
shorter  and  the  elliptical  dried  fruits  are  swollen  and  bear  a  rather  long  stjde. 

Berberis  Prattii  seems  also  nearly  related  to  B.  brevipaniculata  Schneider  in 
Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  VIII.  263  (1908),  which  was  collected  by  Henry, 
Ichang,  May  1888  (No.  4675).  But  the  last  named  species  differs  in  its  glabrous 
branches  and  inflorescences,  its  smaller  leaves,  which  are  distinctly  glaucous  and 
papillose  beneath  and  in  its  shorter  panicles  and  bracts. 

Berberis  Prattii,  var.  recurvata  Schneider,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  inflorescentiis  spiciformibus  pedicellis  fructiferis 
distincte  reflexis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1073). 

I  cannot  find  any  other  difference  between  this  variety  and  the  tj'pe,  but  the 
narrow  inflorescences  of  the  fruiting  specimen  with  the  curved  pedicels  are  re- 
markable. The  shape  of  the  rather  small  leaves  is  the  same  as  it  is  in  those  of 
No.  1261  {B.  Prattii  typica). 

Sect.  Incertae. 

Berberis  Liechtensteinii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-1.5  m.  altus;  ramuli  annotini  purpurascentes,  glabri, 
lenticellis  minimis  crebris  obtecti,  angulato-striati  v.  subsulcati  vetus- 
tiores  cinerei;  internodia  1-1.8  cm.  longa;  spinae  1-3-fidae,  valde 
evolutae,  mediae  ad  4  cm.  longae,  rotundatae,  subtus  anguste  sulcatae, 
purpurascentes;  folia  ad  3  (an  plura?)  fasciculata,  crasse  membranacea, 
decidua,  lanceolata,  ovata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  sinuato-spinosa, 
spinis  utrinque  1-4,  v.  minora  integra,  tantum  apice  acuta,  spinosa, 
basim  versus  sensira  attenuata,  vix  v.  non  petiolata,  ramulorum 
floriferorum  1:0.4  ad  2.5: 1  cm.,  fructiferorum  v.  sterilium  2.5:  1.3  ad 
6:2.2  cm.  magna,  supra  viridia,  fere  nitentia,  hypodermate  non  in- 
structa,  subtus  pallidiora,  in  sicco  praeter  costam  enervia  v.  nervis 
lateralibus  vix  visibilibus;  inflorescentiae   racemosae,   pedicellis   in- 


378  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

fimis  raro  2-floris,  floriferae  2-3.5  cm.,  fructiferae  ad  7  cm.  longae, 
rubescentes,  glabrae,  6-12-fiorae;  flores  pallide  flavi,  extus  pauUo 
rubescentes,  mediocres  (circiter  8-9  mm.  diam.);  pedicelli  4-12  mm. 
longi,  basi  bracteis  lanceolatis  acuminatis,  circiter  1.5  mm.  longis 
suffulti;  prophylla  late  ovata,  sepalis  externis  majoribus  similia; 
sepala  interna  late  obovata,  petalis  oblongis  apice  emarginatis  basi 
vix  unguiculatis  glandulis  parvis  instructis  paullo  longiora;  stamina 
normalia;  ovaria  ovulis  2  sessilibus.  Fructus  globosi,  rubri,  circiter 
9  mm.  crassi,  stylis  brevibus  coronati;  semina  2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  valley,  near  Mao-chou,  arid  regions, 
alt.  1300-1900  m.,  May  26,  1908  (No.  2871,  type);  Min  valley,  Mao- 
chou,  alt.  2-2800  m.,  dry  regions,  November  1910  (No.  4154);  Min 
valley,  2200—3100  m.,  alt.,  September  1904  (Veitch  Exped.). 

A  very  remarkable  species,  which  may  bear  some  relation  to  B.  Potanini 
Maximowicz  {B.  sphalera  Fedde)  from  Shensi  and  Kansu,  of  which  the  sys- 
tematic position  is  yet  unknown.  B.  Potanini  seems  to  be  well  distinguished  by 
its  lanceolate,  smaller,  coriaceous  leaves,  containing  a  hypoderm,  and  by  its 
shorter  inflorescence. 

Our  new  species  is  dedicated  to  His  Most  Serene  Highness  Prince  Johann  II.  of 
Liechtenstein,  to  whom  the  author  feels  himself  much  indebted  for  help  in  his 
dendrological  studies. 

MAHONIA  L. 

Mahonia  Zemanii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.75-1.25  m.  altus.  FoUa  circiter  7-juga,  ad  35  cm.  longa, 
jugo  infimo  basi  petioh  magnopere  approximato  minore,  ima  basi  petioli 
stipuHs  2  fihformibus  instructa;  fohola  coriacea,  supra  viridia,  vix  v. 
non  nitentia,  subtus  vix  v.  paullo  pallidiora;  tantum  nervis  primariis 
leviter  elevatis  distinctis,  lateralia  lanceolata,  paullo  obhqua,  basi 
acuta,  sessilia,  apice  breviter  acuminata,  minora  6-8:1-1.5  cm.,  majora 
ad  12:2.3  cm.  magna,  temimalia  aliis  similia,  a  medio  ad  apicem  utrinque 
dentibus  4r-6.2  mm.  longis  spinoso-dentata;  juga  inter  se  2-4,5  cm. 
distantia.  Inflorescentiae  fructiferae  ad  12  cm.  longae;  earum  bracteae 
triangulari-acuminatae,  membranaceae,  circiter  15  mm.  longae;  flores 
nondum  vidi;  pechceUi  fructiferi  3(-^)  mm.  longi,  bracteis  ovatis  suba- 
cutis  subaequilongis  suffulti.  Fructus  nondmn  maturi  ovato-globosi, 
5-6  mm.  longi,  apice  stylis  ut  videtur  brevissimis  coronati,  ovuhs  2 
sessilibus  instructs 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1200  m.,  December 
1907  (No.  2883;  bush  0.75-1.25  m.  tall). 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  MAHONIA  379 

Mahonia  Zemanii  is  a  very  distinct  species,  somewhat  resembling  in  its  lanceo- 
late leaves  M.  Fortunei  Lindlcy  which,  however,  differs  by  having  the  lowest  pair 
of  leaflets  further  from  the  base  of  the  petiole.  Before  having  seen  flowers  and 
mature  fruits  it  is  very  diflicult  to  indicate  the  correct  position  of  this  interesting 
species.  There  is  a  specimen  collected  by  Henry  (No.  3351),  consisting  only  of 
three  leaves  which  are  not  unlike  those  of  Wilson's  specimen. 

This  species  is  named  in  compliment  to  Mr.  Franz  Zeman,  head  gardener  of 
the  Dendrological  Society  of  Austria-Hungary  in  Pruhonitz,  Bohemia. 

Mahonia  decipiens  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.30-1.75  m.  altus.  Folia  3-juga,  ad  20  cm.  longa,  ima  basi 
petioH  stipulis  2  fiUformibus  minimis  instructa,  jugo  infimo  minore, 
a  basi  petioH  2-4  cm.  distante;  fohola  circiter  3-3.5  cm.  inter  se 
distantia,  coriacea,  supra  ut  videtur  paullo  nitentia,  subtus  verisimih- 
ter  opaca,  viridia,  nervis  primariis  laxe  reticulatis  paullo  elevatis, 
lateralia  oblique  ovata,  basi  truncata,  v.  leviter  cordata,  breviter 
acuminata,  margine  utrinque  spinis  2-6  sinuato-dentata,  majora  4.5- 
6.5  cm.  longa  et  2.3-3.5  cm,  lata,  terminaha  ovata,  breviter  acuminata, 
basi  cuneato-rotunda  v.  subcordata,  infra  medium  ad  apicem  utrinque 
spinis  plerumque  4  sinuato-dentata,  6.5-8  cm.  longa  et  3-4.5  cm. 
lata.  Inflorescentia  racemosa,  densiflora,  brevis,  ad  5  cm.  longa; 
bracteae  late  triangulares,  acutae,  ad  1.5  cm.  longae;  flores  flavi  ?, 
circiter  6-7  mm.  diam.;  pedicelli  4-5  mm.  longi,  bracteis  ovato- 
oblongis  obtusis  subaequilongis  suffulti ;  sepala  3  externa  minima  late 
ovata,  obtusa,  3  media  majora,  subaequiformia,  3  interna  maxima, 
late  ovato-oblonga;  petala  obovata,  sepalis  internis  vix  minora,  apice 
incisa,  basi  breviter  unguiculata,  glanduhfera;  stamina  petalis  brevi- 
ora,  normalia;  filamenta  antheris  paullo  longiora;  ovaria  stylosa, 
ovuhs  2  sessilibus.    Fructus  nondum  vidi. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1500  m., 
April  1907  (No.  2884). 

This  species  is  apparently  most  nearly  related  to  M.  nepalensis  De  Candolle,  but 
the  Chinese  form  differs  in  its  fewer  leaflets,  of  which  the  lowermost  pair  is  rather 
distant  from  the  base  of  the  petiole,  in  its  very  short  racemes  and  in  its  fewer 
(only  two)  ovules.  The  material  being  scanty  the  species  needs  further  investi- 
gation. 

Mahonia  nitens  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-1.30  m.  altus.  Foha  5-7-juga,  ad  25  cm.  longa,  ima  basi 
petioli  stipulas  2  filiformes  minimas  gerentia,  jugo  infimo  minore  basi 
petioli  magnopere  approximato;  foliola  circiter  3  cm.  inter  se  distantia, 
coriacea,  utraque  pagina  distincte  nitida,  fere  concoloria,  subtus 
nervis  primariis  laxe  reticulatis,  paullo  elevatis,  lateralia  terminalibus 


380  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

fere  aequiformia,  ovata,  basi  cuneata,  integra,  vix  obliqua,  apice 
longe  acuminata,  margine  a  medio  ad  apicem  utrinque  spinis  2  late 
triangularibus  sinuato-dentata,  circiter  6: 2.5  cm.  magna,  infima  pauUo 
minora,  terminalia  pauUo  majora  (ad  8:3.2  cm.).  Racemi  ad  14  cm. 
longi,  satis  densiflori,  eorum  bracteae  satis  parvae,  late  triangulares, 
breviter  acutae,  circiter  1:0.8  cm.  magnae;  flores  extus  rubescentes, 
circiter  6  mm.  diam.;  pedicelli  2-3  mm.  longi,  bracteis  ovatis  paullo  v. 
vix  longiores;  sepala  tantum  6,  externa  ovato-oblonga,  internis  simili- 
bus  breviora;  petala  late  oblonga,  sepalis  aequilonga,  apice  bifida,  basi 
brevissime  unguiculata,  glandulifera;  stamina  petalis  breviora,  nor- 
malia;  filamenta  antheris  paullo  longiora;  ovaria  ovulis  2  sessilibus 
instructa.    Fructus  nondum  vidi. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hungya  Hsien,  red  sandstone  cliffs,  alt. 
1100  m.,  September  1908  (No.  2881). 

Mahonia  nitens  is  a  very  distinct  species,  resembling  in  its  shining  leaves  M. 
nepalensis  De  Candolle  which,  however,  belongs  to  a  different  group  of  this  section. 

Malionia  Fortunei  Fedde,  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXXI.  130  {Monog.  Ma- 
honia) (1901). 

Berheris  Fortunei  Lindley  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  I.  231,  300,  fig.  (1846). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yachou  Fu,  woodlands,  alt.  500-800  m., 
September  1908  (No.  2882;  bush  0.60-1.30  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow). 
Tao-thuashan-shu,  1891,  A.  vonRosthorni'No.  144,  ex  Fedde).  Hupeh : 
1888,  A.  Henry  (No.  3117). 

This  is  one  of  the  most  distinct  species  of  this  genus.  The  type  was  collected 
by  Fortune  (No.  32)  near  Shanghai,  in  gardens. 

CONSPECTUS   SPECIERUM   ASIATICARUM    ADHUC    COGNITARUM.^ 

Fructus  (v.  ovaria)  styhs  distinctis  coronati. 

Jugum  infimum  mininum  foliolorum  basi  petioli  valde  approximatum. 
Foliola  dentibus  utrinque  non  plus  quam  10  instructa. 
Nervi  primarii  foliolorum  subtus  distincte  elevati. 

Foliola  supra  viridia,  sed  obscura,  hand  distincte  nitentia. 

Foliola  ovata  v.  late  ovata,  v.  in  var.  Bealei  subrotunda,  spinis  utrinque 

4-6 1-    M.japonica. 

Foliola  ovato-lanceolata,  spinis  utrinque  (5-)7-9  ...  2.    M.  fiavida. 
Fohola  lanceolata,  spinis  utrinque  4-6 2.   M.  Zemanii. 

1  Of  Mahonia  trifurca  Loudon,  Encycl.  PI.  Suppl.  II.  1346  (1842);  Fedde, 
1.  c.  125  {Berheris  trifurca  Lindley,  in  Paxton,  Flow.  Gard.  III.  p.  57,  fig.  258 
[1852/3])  I  have  not  yet  seen  flowers  or  fruits. 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  MAHONIA  381 

Foliola  supra  nitidissima  et  plcrumque  etiam  subtus  nitentia,  late-ovata 

V.  ovato-Ianccolata,  spinis  utrinque  (3-)5-10    .    .    .   4.    Af.  nepalensis. 

Nervi  primarii  foliolorum  subtus  vix  v.  paullo  elevati;  foliola  primo  adspectu 

plana,  valde  discolora,  ovato-lanceolata,  spinis  utrinque  5-7.    5.  M.  Fordii. 

Foliola  (superiora  et  majora)  dentibus  utrinque  9-26  instructa,  dentibus  inter 

se  satis  approximatis. 

Inflorescentiae  tantum  4-8  cm.  longae,  bracteae  pedicellis  aequilongae  v. 

longiores,  folia  4-6-juga. 

Foliola  supra  opaca,  superiora  et  majora  spinis  utrinque  14-26  instructa, 

6  infima  quam  cetera  dimidia  v.  tertia  parte  minora.    Bracteae  pedicellis 

aequilongae       6.     M.  polyodonta. 

Foliola  supra  nitentia,  tantum  2  infima  multo  minora,   cetera    spinis 
utrinque  9-15  instructa.    Bracteae  pedicellis  duplo  longiores. 

7.     M.  Veiichiorum.. 
Inflorescentiae  15-20  cm.  longae,  bracteae  pedicellis  dimidio  breviores.   Folia 

7-8  juga 8.    M.  Dudouxiana. 

Jugum  infimum  foliolorum  basi  petioli  satis  distans. 

Foliola  coriacea,  ovata  v.  late-ovata,  spinis  utrinque  2-6.  Inflorescentiae  breves, 

racemosae;  bractea  pedicellis  subaequilongae;  ovula  2  .    .  9.    M.  decipiens. 

Foliola  membranacea,  ovata,  dentibus  utrinque  7-8.   Inflorescentiae  longiores, 

basi  ramosae;  bracteae  pedicellis  duplo  breviores;  ovula  5  .  10.  M.  annamica. 

Fructus  (v.  ovaria)  tantum  stigmatibus  sessilibus  coronati. 

Stamina  edentata. 

Folia  10-13-juga,  foliola  breviter  petiolulata.    Nectaria  petalorum  3,  conflu- 

entia,  indistincta 11.    Af.  Bodinieri. 

Folia  4-8-juga. 
Folia  4-7-juga,  nectaria  petalorum  2,  distincta,  foliola  utrinque  tantum 
spinis  2-5  instructis,  baud  linearia  v.  lanceolato-linearia. 
Pedicelli  breves,  2-5  mm.  longi,  bracteis  paullo  v.  vix  longiores. 

Foliola  utrinque  a  medio  ad  apicem  spinis  2  late  sinuato-dentata,  utraque 

pagina  nitidissima,  fere  concoloria 12.    M.  nitens. 

Foliola  utrinque  spinis  3-5  praedita  v.  subtus  distinctius  pallidiora. 

Bracteae   racemosum  late-triangulares,  vix   plus   quam    1:0.7   cm, 

magnae.    Foliola  fere  a  basi  ad  apicem  late  sinuato-dentata,  supra 

vix  nitentia  infra  distincte  pallidiora     .    .      13.    M.  Sheridaniana. 

Bracteae  racemosum  latissime  triangulares,  ad  2:1.75  cm.  magnae. 

Foliola  margine  in  parte  inferiore  Integra,  a  medio  ad  apicem  spino- 

sodenticulata,  supra  nitida 14.    Af.  eurybracteata. 

Pedicelli  elongati,  1.2-1.8  cm.  longi,  bracteis  minimis  suffulti;  folia  ovata, 
basi  cuneata,  tantum  supra  medium  ad  apicem  spinuloso-denticulata. 

15.    M.  gracilipes. 

Folia  8-juga,  foliola  linearia  v.  lanceolato-linearia,   dentibus  tenuissimis 

setosis  utrinque  15-20,  nectaria  petalorum  indistincta,  maculam  simulan- 

tia 16.    A/,  setosa. 

Stamina  infra  antheras  dentibus  2  satis  parvis  instructa. 

Foliola  majora  ovato-elliptica.    Bracteae  racemorum  eximiae,  triangulares,  sed 

acuminatissimae,  ad  3.5  cm.  longae 17.    M.  Leveilleana. 

Foliola  anguste  lanceolata.     Bracteae  racemorum  satis  parvae,  triangulares, 
acutae,  1-2  cm.  longae 18.   Af.  Fortunei. 


382  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 


ENUMERATIO  SPECIERUM  ASIATICARUM. 

Sectio  Longibracteatae  Fedde,  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  78  (Monog.  Mahonia)  (1901). 
To  this  section  belong  all  species  known  from  Asia  and  also  one  from  the  Pacific 
North  America  {M.  nervosa  [Pursh]  Nuttall). 

1.  Mahonia  japonica  De  CandoUe,  Syst.  II.  22  (1821). 

Ilex  Japonica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  77  (1784). 

Berheris  japonica  R.  Brown  in  Tuckey,  Congo  Exped.  App..  22  (1816). 

Szech'uan:  Hants'ao-kan,  Nanch'uan,  anno  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  174 
ex  Fedde);  Huang-hua-shan,  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1213  ex  Fedde). 

I  have  not  seen  a  specimen  of  a  wild  plant  of  this  species,  which  seems  to  be 
very  nearly  related  to  M.  nepalensis,  from  which  it  differs  in  its  opaque,  not  shin- 
ing leaves  rather  paler  below.  Fedde  says,  that  the  bracts  are  acuminate  and  as 
long  as  the  pedicels,  but  in  my  specimens  of  var.  Bealei  (Fortune)  Fedde  the  bracts 
are  only  half  as  long  as  the  pedicels  and  are  not  acuminate.  Koehne  {Deutsche 
Dendr.  165)  states,  that  the  ovaries  of  M .  japonica  contain  about  four  ovules,  while 
in  M.  nepalensis  there  are  about  seven.  I  could  find  only  three  in  var.  Bealei  and 
also  three,  or  rarely  four,  in  many  specimens  of  wild  plants  of  M.  nepalensis. 

2.  Mahonia  flavida  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ad  2  m.  altus.  Folia  7-juga,  ad  50  cm.  longa,  ima  basi  petioH  stipulis  2 
filiformibus  spinescentibus  instructa,  jugo  infimo  multo  minore  basi  petioli  valde 
approximato;  foliola  circiter  5  cm.  inter  se  distantia,  coriacea,  utrinque  leviter 
nitentia,  subtus  paullo  pallidiora,  nervis  primariis  elevatis  laxe  reticulatis,  late- 
ralia  (terminalia  nondum  vidi),  ovato-lanceolata,  obliqua,  basi  parte  exteriore 
rotunda,  apice  sensim  acuminata,  margine  fere  a  basi  breviter  spinoso-dentata 
dentibus  utrinque  4-8,  superiora  ad  13.5:3.5-4.2  cm.  magna,  inferiora  breviora, 
ovata,  infima  quasi  stipulaeformia,  ad  3.5  cm.  longa.  Racemi  ad  19  cm.  longi, 
satis  densiflori,  basi  bracteis  acuminato-triangularibus  ad  2.5  cm.  longis  instructi; 
flores  flavi,  circiter  6-7  mm.  diam.;  bracteae  lanceolatae,  acuminatae,  pedicelhs  ad 
5  mm.  longis  fere  longiores;  sepala  3  externa  minima,  late  ovato-cordata,  3  media 
late  oblonga,  3  interna  obovato-oblonga,  mediis  longiora;  petala  obovata,  sepalis 
internis  paullo  v.  vix  minora  basi  brevissime  contracta,  glandulifera;  stamina 
petalis  paullo  breviora,  filamenta  antheris  paullo  longiora,  apice  apiculata;  ovaria 
distincte  stylosa,  ovulis  3  sessilibus  instructa.    Fructus  ignoti. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  2000  m.,  woods,  A.  Henry  (No.  10180). 

This  species  seems  most  nearly  related  to  M.  japonica  De  CandoUe  and  M. 
nepalensis  De  CandoUe,  but  differs  from  both  these  species  in  the  shape  of  the 
leaflets,  which  are  not  as  shining  as  those  of  M.  nepalensis  and  not  dull  like  those  of 
M.  japonica.  Possibly  it  might  be  considered  a  variety  of  M.  nepalensis,  and  there 
is  a  specimen  from  the  Khasia  Hills  collected  by  Ward  (in  Herb.  Hof-Museum, 
Vienna),  which  only  differs  from  this  species  in  its  shorter  leaflets  and  in  the  shorter 
bracts  of  the  pedicels;  the  filaments  also  are  not  dentate.  But  I  believe  that  all 
the  Chinese  forms,  referred  to  M.  nepalensis  by  Hemsley  and  other  authors,  repre- 
sent difi'erent  species. 

3.  Mahonia  Zemanii  Schneider.    See  p.  378. 

4.  Mahonia  nepalensis  De  CandoUe,  Syst.  II.  21  (1821). 
Berberis  nepalensis  Sprengel,  Syst.  II.  120  (1825). 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  MAHONIA  383 

Fedde  has  not  seen  any  Chinese  specimen,  and  only  cites  specimens  from  Shensi, 
Szech'uan  and  Yunnan  according  to  statements  of  other  authors.  I  have  not  seen 
any  of  these  Chinese  specimens,  but  only  those  from  Nepal,  Sikkim  and  from 


5.  Mahonia  Fordii  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex.  FoUa  T-S-juga,  ad  35  cm.  longa,  ima  basi  petioli  stipulis  2  filiformibus 
instructa,  jugo  infimo  multo  minore  basi  petioli  valde  approximate;  foliola  inter 
se  3-3.5  cm.  distantia,  coriacea,  supra  nitentia,  subtus  opaca,  discoloria,  primo  ad- 
spectu  fere  enervia  lateralia  ovata  v.  ovato-lanceolata,  basi  obliqua,  rotunda,  apice 
satis  subito  acuminata  utrinque  fere  a  basi  spinis  brevibus  5-8  dentata,  magni- 
tudine  foliolorum  (jugo  infimo  excluso)  ab  inferiore  parte  rhachidis  versus  apicem 
pauUo  sensim  decrescentia,  infcriora  ad  8:2.5  cm.  superiora  tantum  6:2  cm. 
magna,  terminalia  oblanceolata,  basi  cuneata,  circiter  7:2.5  cm.  magna.  Raccmi 
satis  parvi,  5-8  cm.  longi,  satis  laxiflori,  earum  bracteae  late-triangulares,  acutae 
V.  breviter  acuminatae,  circiter  1-1.5  cm.  longae;  fioresflavi,  circiter  6  mm.  diam.; 
pedicelli  3-5  mm.  longi  bracteis  lanceolatis  acuminatis  subaequilongi  v.  pauUo 
longiores;  sepala  tantum  6  (an  semper?),  3  externa  minima,  ovata,  3  interna  duplo 
majora,  ovato-oblonga;  petala  oblonga,  sepalis  breviora,  apice  minime  emarginata, 
basi  vix  unguiculata,  glandulifera;  stamina  normalia,  petalis  breviora,  filamenta 
antheris  paullo  longiora;  ovaria  stylo  brevi  sed  distincto  coronata,  ovulis  2  sessilibus 
instructa.    Fructus  ignoti. 

Kwangtung:  North  River,  C.  Ford  (No.  17). 

From  M.  nepalensis  De  Candolle  to  which  it  seems  most  nearly  related,  M.  Fordii 
differs  by  the  much  paler  and  not  shining  under  side  of  its  differently  shaped  leaflets 
and  by  the  short  racemes.  The  leaflets  somewhat  resemble  those  of  M.  Sherida- 
niana,  but  this  species  belongs  to  the  group  with  sessile  stigmas,  their  leaflets 
have  a  rather  different  shape,  and  they  are  dull  on  the  upper  side. 

6.  Mahonia  polyodonta  Fedde,  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  126  {Monog.  Mahonia) 
(1901). 

Szech'uan:  without  locality,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2043,  ex  Fedde). 

Of  this  species  I  have  not  seen  a  specimen.  In  the  numerous  spinose  teeth  of  its 
leaflets  it  somewhat  resembles  the  following  species,  but  differs  clearly  from  it  in 
the  characters  given  in  the  key  on  p.  381, 

7.  Mahonia  Veitchiorum  Schneider,  n.  comb. 

Berberis  Veitchiorum  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1906,  152. 

Frutex  ad  1-metralis.  Folia  4-5-juga,  ad  20  cm.  longa,  jugo  infimo  multo  minore 
ima  basi  petioli  sessili;  foliola  2-2.5  cm.  inter  se  distantia,  valde  coriacea,  utrinque 
nitentia,  subtus  tantum  paullo  pallidiora,  nervis  primariis  vix  elevatis,  satis  difficile 
visibilibus,  lateralia  ovato-lanceolata,  paullo  obliqua,  basi  truncato-rotunda,  apice 
satis  acuminata,  margine  spinoso-serrata,  spinis  utrinque  9-15,  inferiora  circiter 
4.5:1.8  cm.,  superiora  ad  7:2.8  cm.  magna,  terminalia  anguste  elhptico-oblonga, 
ad  9:3.5  magna.  Flores  ignoti.  Racemi  fructiferi  tantum  ad  6  cm.  longi,  den- 
siflori,  earum  bracteae  late  triangulatae,  acutae,  ad  2  cm.  longae;  bracteae  eximie 
elongatae,  lanceolatae,  acuminatae,  ad  1  cm.  longae,  pedicellos  duplo  superantes; 
fructus  immaturi  late-ovati,  circiter  6 : 5  mm.  magni,  stylo  brevissimo,  non  semper 
bene  distincto  coronati;  semina  1-2. 

Western  Szech'uan:  alt.  500-2200  m.,  July  1903,  cliffs  (\'eitch  Exped.  No. 
3142;  shrub  0.5-1  m.  tall). 

This  seems  to  be  a  good  species  well  distinguished  by  the  very  long  bracts  of  the 
pedicels  and  also  by  its  leaves.    Its  nearest  relation  is  M.  -pohjodotan  Fedde. 


384  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

8.  Mahonia  Duclouxiana  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LV.  87  (1908). 
Yunnan  :  "  pres  des  routes  a  Lou-kiou-sen,  10  fev.  1905,"  Dudoux  (No.  3055); 

"  route  de  Yunnan-sen  a  Kiu-tsin-fou,  non  loin  de  Ma-long,  20  mars  1904."  Du- 
doux (No.  2323);  "  bois  des  montagnes  a  Guon-kay  [Ho-kin],  24  mars  1885," 
Delavay  (No.  2353,  "  fruits  mUrs  bleus,  arbuste  peu  rameux  de  2  m."). 

I  have  not  seen  a  specimen  of  this  species,  but  according  to  the  description  I 
think  it  may  be  different  from  all  the  species  known  to  me. 

9.  Mahonia  decipiens  Schneider.     See  p.  379. 

10.  Mahonia  annamica  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Fl.  Gen.  Indo-Chine,  I.  157,  fig. 
16  (7-17)  (1907). 

Annam:  "  Haut-Donnai,  plateau  de  Lang-bian,"  Jacquet  (ex  Gagnepain). 

I  know  this  species  only  from  the  description  of  the  author.  It  may  be  most 
nearly  related  to  M.  nepalensis  De  Candolle  and  M.  japonica  De  CandoUe,  from 
which  it  differs  by  the  characters  given  in  the  key  on  p.  381,  The  stamens  are 
apiculate  and  the  filaments  twice  longer  than  the  anthers. 

11.  Mahonia  Bodinieri  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LV.  85  (1908). 
Kwei-chou:  "  environs  de  Gan-pin,  dans  les  bois  et  rocailles,  et  mont  du  Col- 
lege k  Kouy-yang,  19  juillet  1898,"  E.  Bodinier  (No.  2465). 

This  seems  to  be  a  distinct  species,  but  the  fruits  are  not  known  and  I  am  not 
quite  sure  whether  the  style  is  entirely  wanting. 

12.  Mahonia  nitens  Schneider.     See  p.  379. 

13.  Mahonia  Sheridaniana  Schneider,  n.  sp. 

Frutex.  Folia  4-5-juga,  ad  26  cm.  longa,  jugo  infimo  multo  minore  basi  petioli 
magnopere  approximato,  ima  basi  petioli  stipulis  2  filiformibus  minimis  instructa; 
foliola  valde  coriacea,  supra  ut  videtur  satis  claro-viridia,  vix  nitentia,  subtus  dis- 
tincte  bicoloria,  in  sicco  fere  albescentia,  nervis  primariis  paullo  visibilibus,  late- 
ralia  a  basi  petioli  versus  apicem  ejus  accrescentia,  inferiora  late  ovata,  circiter 
3:2.3  cm.  magna,  superiora  ad  8.5:2.7  cm.  magna,  ovato-lanceolata,  satis  obhqua, 
basi  externa  rotunda,  apice  breviter  acuminata,  margine  late  sinuato-spinoso-den- 
tata,  spinis  utrinque  2-5;  terminaha  elliptico-lanceolata,  ad  11:3.5  cm.  magna, 
inferiore  parte  plerumque  Integra.  Racemi  (an  satis  evoluti?)  ad  7  cm.  longi, 
densiflori,  earum  bracteae  late-triangulares,  breviter  acutae,  vix  1  cm.  longae; 
flores  lutei  (?),  initio  extus  rubescentes  (?),  circiter  5(-6)  mm.  diam.;  pedicelli  2-4 
cm.  longi,  bracteis  ovato-lanceolatis,  subacutis,  aequilongis  v.  paullo  brevioribus 
suffulti;  sepala  3  externa  minima,  ovata,  3  media  majora  late  ovata,  3  interna 
maxima,  late  ovata;  petala  obovata,  sepahs  internis  paullo  breviora,  apice  incisa, 
basi  breviter  unguiculata,  glandulifera;  stamina  quam  petala  breviora,  normalia, 
filamentis  antheris  subaequilongis;  ovaria  ut  videtur  estylosa,  ovuUs  2  instructa. 
Fructus  ignoti. 

Western  Hupeh:  April  1900,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  426). 

It  is  impossible  for  me  to  refer  Wilson's  specimen  to  any  described  species.  M. 
Sheridaniana  differs  from  all  the  species  with  sessile  stigmas  in  the  form  and  color 
of  its  leaflets.  And  even  if  the  fruits  did  bear  a  very  short  style  it  would  not  prove 
identical  with  any  of  the  species  described.  At  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  I  have 
named  this  species  for  Dr.  W.  R.  Sheridan,  formerly  in  charge  of  the  American 
Methodist  Mission  Hospital,  Chengtu,  in  recognition  of  great  service  rendered  to 
him  during  the  autumn  of  1910. 

14.  Mahonia  eurybracteata  Fedde  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  127,  fig.  4  c  {Monog. 
Mahonia)  (1901). 


BERBERIDACEAE.  —  MAHONIA  385 

Szech'uan:  woods  near  Chia-chu-pa,  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn,  1891  (No. 
1251,  ex  Fedde). 

I  have  not  been  able  to  see  any  specimen  of  this  plant,  but  from  the  description 
it  appears  to  be  a  well-marked  species.  The  leaves  resemble  those  of  the  following 
species,  which  however  differs  from  it  in  the  characters  indicated  beneath. 

15.  Mahonia  gracilipes  Fedde  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  128,  fig.  5  {Monog.  Ma- 
honia)  (1901). 

Berberis  gracilipes  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII.  t.  1754  (1887). 
Berberis  subtriplinervis  Franchet  in  Bull.  Miis.  Hist.  Nat.  Paris,  I.  63  (1895). 
Mahonia  subtriplinervis  Fedde  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXI.  129  {Monog.  Mahonia) 
(1901). 
Szech'uan:  Mount  Omei,  alt.  1600  m.,  E.  Faber.      Northern  Yunnan:  in 
woods  near  Tschen-fouchan,  Delaimj  (No.  5024). 

This  species  is  well  distinguished  by  its  loose  racemes  and  very  long  pedicels. 

16.  Mahonia  setosa  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bot.  France,  LV.  86  (1908). 
Yunnan  :  "  pres  Tien-pa-teou,  Oct.  1894,  parmi  les  pierres,  au  bord  de  la  riviere," 

Dclavay  (No.  6830,  "  fleurs  jaunes,  petit  arbuste  ")• 

This  species  seems  to  be  well  distinguished  by  its  narrow  leaflets  with  numerous 
slender  teeth. 

17.  Mahonia  Leveilleana  Schneider  n.  sp. 

Frutex  (v.  arbuscula?).  Folia  8-9-juga,  ad  45  cm.  longa,  jugo  infimo  minimo 
basi  petioli  magnopere  approximato,  ima  basi  petioli  stipulis  2  filiformibus  instructa; 
foliola  coriacea,  supra  atro-viridia,  vix  v.  non  nitentia,  gubtus  claro-viridia,  ni- 
tentia,  nervis  lateralibus  bene  evolutis,  laxe  reticulatis,  lateralia  jugorum  2  in- 
feriorum  quam  cetera  satis  minora,  late  rhomboidea,  3.5-5.5  cm.  longa  et  2.5-3  cm. 
lata,  jugorum  mediorum  oblique  ovato-elliptica,  basi  rotunda  v.  truncata,  apice 
breviter  acuminata,  ad  10:3.2  magna,  jugorum  superiorura  paullo  minora,  ovato- 
lanceolata,  interdum  tantum  7:2.5  cm.  magna,  omnia  a  basi  ad  apicem  sinuato- 
dentata  spinis  utrinque  4-8,  terminalia  ovato-oblonga,  ad  11:4.3  cm.  magna. 
Racemi  ad  18  cm.  longi  densifiori,  fioribus  plerumque  verticillatis;  bracteae  inflo- 
rcscentiarum  valde  triangulari-acuminatae,  ad  3.5  cm.  longae;  fiores  flavi  (?), 
5-6  mm.  diam.;  pedicelli  2-3  mm.  longi,  bracteis  ovatis  satis  obtusis  fere  duplo 
brevioribus  suffulti;  sepala  3  externa  late-ovata  minima,  3  interna  late-ovata 
multo  majora;  petala  obovata  sepalis  paullo  breviora,  apice  brevissime  incisa, 
basi  vix  unguiculata,  glandulifera;  stamina  quam  petala  breviora,  infra  antheras 
dentibus  2  parvis  praedita;  ovaria  estylosa,  ovulis  2  sessilibus  instructa.  Fructus 
ignoti. 

Kwei-chou:  "environs  de  Kouy-yang,  mont  du  College,"  July  7,  1898,  Emile 
Bodinier  (No.  2469). 

This  seems  to  be  a  very  well-marked  species  in  its  leaves  and  in  its  denticulate 
filaments.  The  specimen  from  the  Herbarium  of  the  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bot.  was 
named  Mahonia  elegans  Leveill6,  but  this  is  apparently  an  unpublished  name,  and 
as  there  is  already  a  Berberis  elegans  Schneider  it  seems  advisable  not  to  use  the 
same  specific  name  in  Mahonia. 

18.  Mahonia  Fortune!  Fedde.    See  p.  380. 


386  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 


NANDINA  Thunb. 

Nandina  domestica  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  9  (1784).  —  Sims  in  Bot. 
Mag.  XXVIII.  t.  1109  (1808).  —  Debeaux,  Fl.  Shangh.  14  (1879).  — 
Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Koishikawa  Bot.  Gard.  II.  t.  8%  8^  (1883).  — 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  7  (1886).  —  Diels  in  Bot. 
Jahrh.  XXIX.  337  (1900).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital. 
n.  ser.  XVIII.  168  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang  and  neighborhood,  ravines  and  rocky 
places  generally,  alt,  30-600  m.,  June  and  November  1907  (No.  2379; 
bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  scarlet);  without  locality,  A. 
Hennj  (No.  2705).  Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Mac- 
gregor.  Fokien:  Dunn's  Exped.  1905  (ex  Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hong- 
kong, No.  2344). 

Abundant  in  glens  and  ravines  all  over  western  Hupeh  and  Szech'uan  up  to 
altitudes  of  600  m.  A  picture  of  this  shrub  will  be  found  under  No.  0186  of  the 
collection  of  Wilson's  photographs. 


MENISPERMACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfked  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

SINOMENroM  Diels. 

Sinomenium  acutum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Menispermum  acutum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  193  (1784).  —  Lamarck,  Encycl. 
Meth.  Bot.  IV.  96  (1797). 

Menispermum?  acutum  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  541  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  103  (1824). 

Cocculv^f  diversifolius  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  10  {Prol.  Fl.  Jap. 
198)  (non  De  Candolle)  (1867). 

Cocculus  diversifolius  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  Fl.  Jap.  I.  20  (non  De  Can- 
dolle) (1875).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Set.  St.  Petersbourg,  sdr.  3, 
XXIX.  71,  t.  2,  fig.  21-35  (1883);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  652  (1883). 

Cehatha  Miqueliana  O.  Kuntze,  Rev.  Gen.  I.  9  (1891). 

Cocculus  heterophyllus  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1906, 
150. 

Menispermum  diversifolium  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bat.  France,  LV,  38 
(non  Prantl)  (1908). 

Cocculus?  acuius  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXII,  172  (1908). 

Sinomenium  diversifolium  Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94,  254  (1910).  — 
Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LII.  402,  fig.  178  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  June  1907 
(No.  617";  climber  3-6  m.,  flowers  greenish).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4718).  Korea :  Quelpaert, 
September  1909,  Taquet  (No.  2599). 

The  typical  Japanese  form  is  very  rare  in  western  China  and  it  is  possible  that 
the  Chinese  specimens  enumerated  above  should  be  referred  to  the  following  as  a 
glabrescent  form. 

Diels  in  his  monograph  (1.  c.)  apparently  overlooked  Thunberg's  Menispermum 
acutum  and  Makino's  identification  (1.  c.)  of  it  with  Miquel's  Cocculus?  diversifolium. 

Sinomenium  acutum,  var.  cinereimi  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Cocculus  diversifolius,   var.  cinereus  Diels   in    Bot.   Jahrb.   XXXVI.    Beibl. 

LXXXII.  45  (1905). 
Menispermum  diversifolium,  var.  molle  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 

LV.  39  (1908). 
Sinomenium  diversifolium,  var.  cinereum  Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94, 

255  (1910). 

387 


388  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  June  and 
September  1907  (No.  336;  climber  3-6  m,,  leaves  very  variable,  fruit 
blue-black);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
June  and  October  1907  (No.  617,  in  part;  climber  6  m.,  fruit  blue- 
black);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  617, 
in  part) ;  Nanto,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1203) ;  without  locality, 
July  1900  and  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1483,  2267). 

A  very  common  plant  in  western  Hupeh  up  to  an  altitude  of  1500  m.,  and  less 
common  in  western  Szech'uan.  The  leaves  are  extraordinarily  variable  and  in 
warm  localities  persist  well  into  the  late  winter.  The  bark  is  smooth  and  pale 
green  even  on  quite  old  shoots.  A  colloquial  name  for  this  climber  is  "  Ching- 
teng." 

COCCULUS  DC. 

Cocculus  trilobus  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  522  (1818) ;  Prodr.  I.  98 
(1824).  — Diels  in  Engler,  Pfianzenr.  IV.-94,  232,  fig.  78  a-1  (1910). 

Menispermum  orbiculatum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  194  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784).     . 

Menispermum  trilohum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  194  (1784). 

Cocculus  Thunhergii  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  524  (1818);  Prodr.l.  98  (1824).  — 

Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.   Lugd.-Bat.  III.  10;   Prol.  Fl.  Jap.   198  (1867).  — 

Hance  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  99  (1873).  —  Franchet  in   Nouv.  Arch. 

Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  V.  176  {PI.  David.  I.  21)  (1882).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull. 

Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  ser.  3,  XXIX.  70  (1883);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  651 

(1883).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  28  (1886).  —  Diels  in  Bot. 

Jahrb.  XXIX.  345  (1900).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser. 

XVII.  274  (1910).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add. 

ser.  X.  31  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 
Cocculus  cynanchoides  Presl,  Reliq.  Haenk.  II.  79  (1830). 
Nephroica  caudata  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.   Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (nomen 

nudum)  (1867);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  263  (1871). 
Nephroica  Thunbergii  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (1867) 

Contrib.  Bot.  III.  263  (1871). 
Nephroica  dilatata  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (1867) 

Contrib.  Bot.  III.  264  (1871). 
Nephroica  triloba  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.   Nat.   Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (1867) 

Contrib.  Bot.  III.  266  (1871). 
Nephroica  cynanchoides  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (1867) 

Contrib.  Bot.  III.  267  (1871). 
Nephroica  pijcnantha  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  26  (nomen 

nudum)  (1867);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  268  (1871). 
Holopeira  fecunda  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XIX.  29  (1867); 

Contrib.  Bot.  III.  275  (1871). 
Cebatha  orbiculata  O.  Kuntze,  Rev.  Gen.  I.  9  (1891).  —  Schneider  III.  Handb. 

Laubholzk.  I.  327,  fig.  205  k-n  (1905). 
Cocculus  orbiculatus  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  806  (1906). 
Dioscorea  japonica  Pavolini  in  Nuov.  Giorn,  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XV.  441  (non 

Thunberg)  (1908). 


MENISPERMACEAE.  —  STEPHANIA  389 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  alt.  1300  m.,  abundant,  July  28,  1907  (No.  1539; 
climber  3  m.,  flowers  white).  Western  Hupeh  :  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  side  of  streams,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  abundant,  June  1907  (No. 
2284;  cHmber  2-3  m.);  without  locahty,  June  and  July  1900  and 
August  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1201,  1429,  2561);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  3640).  Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D. 
Macgregor.  Shantung:  Tsingtau,  1901,  Zimmerman  (No.  216). 
Korea:  Seoul,  September  1905,  /.  G.  Jack;  Quelpaert,  July  1908  and 
August  and  September  1909,  Taquet  (Nos.  542,  543,  2600,  2597, 
2598). 

This  very  variable  plant  is  abundant  in  western  Hupeh  and  in  Szech'uan  up 
to  1000  m.  altitude,  where  it  is  colloquially  known  as  the  "  Hsiao  Ching-teng." 
Many  of  the  forms  look  very  distinct  in  foliage  but  the  leaves  are  so  inconstant  in 
shape,  size  and  degree  of  pubescence  that  it  is  useless  to  attempt  to  distinguish 
between  them. 

DIPLOCLISIA  Miers. 

Diploclisia  affinis  Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94,  227  (1910). 

Cocculus  affinis  OHver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII.  t.  1760  (18S8).  —  Diels  in 
Bat.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  345  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  rocky  places,  not  common,  alt. 
1000  m..  May  8,  1907  (No.  2286,  in  part;  climber  3  m.,  flowers  yellow); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  600-1000  m.,  June  6,  1907  (No.  2286,  in  part; 
climber  3  m.,  fruit  blue-black);  without  locality,  May  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  822).  Fokien:  without  locality,  Dunn's  Exped.,  1905 
(Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hongkong,  No.  2336). 


STEPHANIA  Lour. 

Stephania  Delavayi  Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94,  275  (1910). 

Kiangsi:  plain  around  Kiukiang,  alt.  100  m.,  July  27,  1907  (No. 
1541;  climber  3  m.,  flowers  greenish).  Western  Hupeh:  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  1664). 

Common  by  the  roadsides  in  the  vicinity  of  the  lower  Yangtsze  river. 

Stephania  japonica  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XVni. 
14  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  111.  213  (1871).  —  O.  Kuntze,  Rev.  Gen.  I.  9 
(pro  parte)  (1891). —  Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94,  277  (1910). 

Menispermum  japonicumThnnhcTg,  Fl.  Jap.  193  {178i).  —Lamarck,  E?icycl. 
M6th.  Bot.  IV.  96  (1797). 


390  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Cocculus  japonicus  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  516  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  96  (1824). 

Cissampelos  psilophylla  Presl,  Reliq.  Haenk.  II.  80  (1835). 

Siephania  appendiculata  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.   Nat.   Hist.  ser.  3,  XVIII.  15 

(nomen  seminudum)  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  221  (1871). 
Stephania  intertexta  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XVIII.  15  (nomen 

seminudum)  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  222  (1871). 
Stephania  hypoglauca  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XVIII.  15  (nomen 

seminudum)  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  227  (1871). 
Chjpea  effusa  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XVII.  270  (nomen  semi- 
nudum) (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  207  (1871). 
Clypea  consummata  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.  Nat.  Hist.  ser.  3,  XVII.  270  (nomen 

seminudum)  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  209  (1871). 
Clypea  subovata  Miers  in  Ann.  Mag.   Nat.   Hist.  ser.  3,  XVII.  270  (nomen 

seminudum)  (1866);  Contrib.  Bot.  III.  209  (1871). 
Stephania   hernandifolia   Miquel  in    Ann.   Mus.    Liigd.-Bat.   III.    10    (Prol. 

Fl.  Jap.  198)  (non  Walperg)  (1867).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Petersbourg,  s^r.  3,  XXIX.  64,  t.  2,  fig.  1-9  (1883);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  643. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  side  of  rice  fields,  alt.  30-300  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  2287;  slender  climber  1-2  m.,  flowers  green).  Che- 
kiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,   1908,  D.  Macgregor. 

A  common  wayside  weed  near  Ichang. 


CYCLEA  Arnott. 

Cyclea  racemosa  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1938  (1890).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  345  (1900);  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94, 
318  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  ravines,  alt.  1000  m..  May 
7,  1907  (No.  2285;  climber  2-3  m.,  flowers  greenish). 


TINOSPORA  Miers. 

Tinospora  sagittata  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  ser.  4, 
VIII.  45  (1908).  — Diels  in  Engler,  Pflanzenr.  IV.-94,  138  (1910). 

Limacia  sagittata  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII.  t.  1749  (1888).  —  Diels  in 
Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  345  (1900).  — Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform,  add.  ser.  X.  31  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hung-ya  Hsien,  foot  of  Wa-wu-shan, 
thickets,  alt.  1100  m.,  September  10,  1908  (No.  3528;  climber,  3-4  m.). 
Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
141);  without  locaUty,  A.  Henry  (No.  3431). 


MAGNOLIACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E,  A.  Wilson. 

MAGNOLIA  L. 

Magnolia  officinalis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n,  sp. 

Magnolia  hypoleuca  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  311  (non  Siebold  &  Ziicca- 
rini)  (1900).  — Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6.m. 
IV.  37  (pro  parte,  non  Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  (1905);  Contrih.  Ft.  As.  Or.  II. 
37  (1907).  —  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  234  (1906),  exelu- 
denda  descriptione  fructus. 

Arbor  6-15-metralis,  ramis  ascendentibus,  coma  satis  densa,  trunco 
0.3-1  m.  circuitu;  ramuli  hornotini  initio  sericeo-tomentosi,  anno- 
tini  glabri,  laeves,  flavidi  v.  pallide  flavo-cinerei,  vetustiores  cineras- 
centes,  lenticellis  paucis  et  eircatricibus  foliorum  magnis  notati; 
gemmae  cylindrico-ovoideae,  acutiusculae,  circiter  3.5  cm.  longae^ 
verruculosae,  fulvo-villosulae.  Folia  decidua,  in  apice  ramulorum 
congesta,  elliptico-obovata  v.  oblongo-obovata,  apice  plerumque 
rotundata,  breviter  acuminulata,  rarius  obtusa,  basim  versus  angus- 
tata,  cuneata  v.  interdum  subito  contracta  et  fere  rotundata,  35-45 
cm.  longa  et  12-20  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra,  laete  luteo-viridia,  in  sicco 
reticulata,  subtus  initio  dense  cinereo-tomentosa,  densum  glauca  v. 
glaucescentia,  satis  dense  villosa  praecipue  ad  nervos,  reticulata, 
nervis  utrinsecus  20-30  subtus  ut  costa  elevatis;  petioli  subteretes, 
3-4  cm.  longi.  Flores  simul  cum  foliis,  fragrantes,  albi,  cupuliformea 
15-20  cm.  diam.;  pedunculi  crassi,  2-3.5  cm.  longi,  dense  sericeo- 
villosi;  sepala  petalaque  9-12  v.  plura,  subaequalia,  camosa,  tria 
exteriore  demum  reflexa,  spatulato-obovata,  8-10  cm.  longa  et  3- 
4  cm.  lata,  apice  rotundata,  interiora  patenti-erecta,  oblongo-spatu- 
lata  V.  oblonga,  apice  rotundata,  infra  trientem  inferiorem  angustata, 
prius  decidua  quam  exteriora;  stamina  numerosa,  filamentis  dilatatis, 
scarlatinis,  3-5  mm.  longis,  antheris  10-12  mm.  longis  introrsis,  con- 
nectivo  mucronato;  gynaeceum  cum  parte  staminifera  3.5  cm.  longum, 
rub  rum;  carpella  numerosa,  stigmatibus  5-6  mm.  longis  acutis  leviter 
recurvis  intus  papillosis.  Fructus  oblongo-ovoideus,  apice  truncatus, 
basi  rotundatus  carpellis  infimis  basi  subito  contractis,  10-12  cm.  longus 

391 


392  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

et  5.5-6  cm.  diam.;  carpella  matura  lignea,  monosperma,  valvis 
rectangulari-rhombicis  2-2.5  cm.  altis  et  1.2-1.5  cm.  longis  margine 
exteriore  truncatis  supra  breviter  rostratis  rostro  2-3  mm.  longo, 
infra  vix  v.  non  rostratis;  semina  obovoidea,  apice  rotundata,  circiter 
12  mm.  longa  et  10  mm.  lata,  compressa,  testa  interiore  nigrescente, 
ventre  leviter  sulcata. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  cultivated,  alt.  300- 
1300  m..  May  11  and  October  1907  (No.  652,  type);  without  locality, 
May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  371);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No. 
5389).     Szech'uan:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5389'*). 

This  species  has  been  confused  with  M.  obovata  Thunberg  {M.  hypoleuca  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini)  and  naturally  enough,  as  the  foliage  of  the  two  species  is  identical. 
But  with  the  complete  material  before  us  it  becomes  obvious  that  they  are  distinct, 
if  closely  related,  species.  The  Japanese  species  has  purplish  bark;  staminal 
and  carpellary  column  4  cm.  or  more  long,  acutish  at  the  summit;  the  filaments 
9-15  mm.  long,  anthers  16-18  mm.  long;  fruit  cylindrical,  13-20  cm.  long,  4.5- 
5.5  cm.  wide,  somewhat  pointed  at  the  apex  and  attenuate  at  the  base;  ripe  car- 
pels with  long,  usually  slightly  recurved  beaks  and  rather  thin  walls.  If  these 
characters  are  compared  with  those  of  the  Chinese  species  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
differences,  if  few,  are  of  relatively  great  importance,  particularly  those  of  the  fruit 
which  is  ovoid-oblong  in  the  new  species,  truncate  at  the  apex  and  rounded  at  the 
base,  the  lowest  carpels  being  rounded  at  the  base,  not  decurrent  as  in  M.  ob- 
ovata. The  different  color  of  the  bark  enables  the  trees  to  be  distinguished  at 
any  season  of  the  year.  The  Chinese  species  is  in  cultivation  at  Kew  and  else- 
where and  comparisons  between  specimens  of  the  Japanese  and  Chinese  trees  will 
probably  result  in  the  discovery  of  other  differences. 

Magnolia  officinalis  is  very  commonly  cultivated  on  the  mountains  of  western 
Hupeh  and  Szech'uan,  but  we  have  not  met  with  a  spontaneous  tree  in  the  forests. 
This  same  remark  would  apply  to  many  other  trees  of  economic  value  {Gleditsia 
and  Eucommia,  for  example)  and  we  do  not  doubt  that  these  and  the  Magnolia 
are  truly  natives  of  this  region.  This  new  Magnolia  does  not  grow  to  as  large 
a  size  as  its  Japanese  relative,  though  the  flowers  and  foliage  are  equally  hand- 
some. The  Chinese  designate  this  species  the  "  Hou-p'o  "  tree,  and  its  bark  and 
flower-buds  constitute  a  valued  drug  which  is  exported  in  quantity  from  central 
and  western  China  to  all  parts  of  the  Empire.  It  is  for  its  bark  and  flower-buds 
that  the  tree  is  cultivated.  The  removal  of  the  bark  causes  the  death  of  the  tree 
and  this  would  account  for  its  disappearance  from  the  forests.  The  bark  when 
boiled  yields  an  extract  which  is  taken  internally  as  a  cure  for  coughs,  colds,  and 
as  a  tonic  and  stimulant  during  convalescence.  A  similar  extract  obtained  from 
the  flower-buds,  which  are  called  "  Yu-p'o,"  is  esteemed  as  a  medicine  for  women. 
A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  582  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  308. 

This  is  in  all  probability  the  plant  referred  to  as  Talauma  sp.?  by  Franchet  in 
Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  b6t.  2,  VIII.  193  (PL  David.  II.  11)  (1886). 

Magnolia  officinalis,  var.  biloba  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  foliis  apice  profunde  emarginatis  v.  bilobis  sinu 
2-3  cm.  alto. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  393 

Kiangsi:  Kiukiang,  foot  of  ascent  to  Kuling,  cultivated,  alt. 
300  m.,  August  2,  1907  (No.  1649;  tree  10-12  m.  tall). 

Except  in  its  bilobed  leaves  this  variety  differs  in  no  particular  from  the  type. 
It  is  also  cultivated  for  the  medicinal  value  of  its  bark  and  leaves.  The  peculi- 
arity in  the  foliage  is  constant  in  all  the  trees  we  saw.  This  variety  is  also  culti- 
vated in  the  vicinity  of  Ningpo  where  it  was  collected  a  few  years  ago  by  the 
late  Bishop  Moule. 

Magnolia  globosa  Hooker  f .  &  Thomson,  Fl  Ind.  I.  77  (1885) ;  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  hid.  I.  41  (1872).  —  Gamble,  Trees  &  Shrubs 
Darjeeling  2  (1877);  Manual  Ind.  Timbers,  9  (1902).  —  King  in  A^in. 
Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  HI.  208,  fig.  50  (1891).  —  Finet  &  Gagiiepain 
in  Bidl.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  39  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  II.  39  (1907).— Brandis,  Ind.  Trees,  6  (1906). 

Sikhim  Himalaya:  alt.  3000-3300  m. 

Magnolia  globosa,  var.  sinensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Frutex  2.5-5  m.  altus,  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  initio 
sericeo-pilosi,  glabrescentes,  annotini,  glabri,  laeves,  pallide  cinerei 
V.  flavido-cinerei,  rarius  fuscescentes.  Folia  decidua,  membranacea, 
maturitate  subchartacea,  late-obovata  v.  elliptico-obovata,  rarius 
elliptico-ovata,  apice  rotundata  et  breviter  acuminulata,  rarius  suba- 
cuta,  basi  rotundata,  interdum  truncata,  rarissime  late  cuneata,  10- 
20  cm.  longa  et  6-16  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra,  obscure  luteo-viridia, 
in  sicco  reticulata,  subtus  laxe  villosa,  ad  nervos  densius  sericeo- 
villosa,  glaucescentia,  maturitate  saepe  glabrescentia,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  10-15  in  triente  superiori  plerumque  manifeste  furcatis  supra 
ut  costa  colore  flavido  conspicuis  subtus  elevatis  reticuloque  venula- 
rum  leviter  elevato;  petioli  sericeo-villosi,  2.5-4  cm.  longi.  Flores  ut 
in  typo,  simul  cum  foliis  bene  evolutis,  fragrantes,  albi,  cupulares, 
12-15  cm.  diam.,  gjmaeceo  scarlatino;  alabastra  ovoidea.  Fructus 
oblongo-cylindricus,  4.5-5  cm.  longus,  1.5  cm.  diam.;  pcdicellus  satis 
gracilis,  5-6.5  cm.  longus,  glabrescens;  carpella  rostrata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands and  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No. 
1422). 

This  Chinese  variety  is  always  a  shrub  of  straggling  habit,  and  thus  differs 
from  the  Indian  species  which  is  described  as  a  tree,  40  ft.  tall.  The  Indian  plant 
also  differs  in  its  ovate  acute  or  obtuse  leaves  and  in  its  rufous  pubescence. 

This  variety  is  a  handsome  flowering  shrub  and  is  not  uncommon  in  the  moist 
woods  and  thickets  of  north-western  Szech'uan. 


394  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Magnolia  Nicholsoniana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  v.  arbor  tenuis,  4-6-metralis,  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  homo- 
tini  sparse  sericeo-pilosi,  mox  glabrescentes,  annotini  glabri,  cinereo- 
flavidi,  laeves,  vetustiores  cinereo-purpurei ;  gemmae  terminales 
cylindrico-oblongae,  acutae,  rufo-pilosae.  Folia  decidua,  sparsa, 
elliptico-oblonga  v.  obovato-oblonga,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata, 
basi  late  cuneata  v.  rarius  rotundata,  8-12  cm.  longa  et  3-5  cm.  lata, 
supra  glabra,  obscure  viridia,  subtus  glaucescentia,  glabra  costa 
media  dense  accumbenti-rufo-pilosa  excepta,  nervis  utrinsecus  10- 
14  subtus  elevatis  venulisque  leviter  elevatis;  petioli  graciles,  1.5- 
4.5  cm.  longi,  initio  rufo-pilosi,  demum  glabrescentes.  Flores  simul 
cum  foliis,  cupulares,  9-10  cm.  diam.,  albi,  gynaeceo  rubro,  fragrantes; 
pedicellus  3-3.5  cm.  longus,  cicatricem  bracteae  spathoideae  6-8  mm. 
infra  sepala  gerens,  laxe  subaccumbenti-rufo-pilosus,  sed  supra  cica- 
tricem glaber;  sepala  petalaque  plerumque  12,  exteriora  obovato- 
oblonga,  3.5-5  cm.  longa  et  2.2-2.5  cm.  lata,  acutiuscula,  ea  seriei 
mediae  obovata,  4-5  cm.  longa,  et  2.4-3  cm.  lata,  apice  rotundata, 
interiora  elliptico-oblonga,  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula,  basim  versus  an- 
gustata,  2.5-3.5  cm.  longa  et  1-1.8  cm.  lata;  stamina  numerosa, 
erecto-patentia,  9-10  mm.  longa,  filamentis  rubris  1.5-2  mm.  longis 
anthera  angustioribus,  connectivo  apice  truncato  v.  obtuso;  gynae- 
ceum  cum  parte  staminifera  2.5  cm.  longum,  rubrum;  carpella  pauca, 
stigmate  apice  leviter  recurvo  3-4  mm.  longo  acuto.  Fructus  nutans, 
cylindrico-oblongus,  4-5  cm.  longus;  carpella  matura  congesta,  aperta 
naviculiformia,  valvis  plerumque  apice  et  basi  cohaerentibus  1-1.5 
longis  et  6-8  mm.  altis,  supra  manifeste  rostrata  rostro  patenti  v. 
recurvo;  semina  1-2  in  quoque  carpello,  late  triangulari-obovoidea, 
apice  truncata,  interdum  latiora  quam  longa,  compressa,  8-9  mm. 
longa  V.  lata  scarlatina,  testa  interiore  brunnea,  non  sulcata. 

Western  Szech'uan  :  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No.  838). 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  M.  Wilsonii  Rehder  which  is  distinguished  by 
its  vinous-red  colored  bark,  shorter  petioles,  somewhat  differently  shaped  leaves 
densely  covered  with  gray,  velvety  pubescence  on  the  under  surface,  fewer  sepals  and 
petals  (the  inner  and  secondary  series  uniform  in  size  and  shape),  and  in  the  stout 
peduncle  villose  along  its  entire  length  with  bract-scars  situated  near  the  middle. 
The  fruit  is  also  generally  larger  and  the  seeds  a  little  different  in  shape.  Magnolia 
Nicholsoniana  is  very  rare  and  is  only  known  to  occur  in  the  moist  thickets  and 
woodlands  on  and  around  Wa-shan.    It  is  in  cultivation  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum. 

As  a  tribute  of  respect  to  the  memory  of  a  man  of  exceptional  merit  this  species 
is  named  for  the  late  George  Nicholson,  for  fifteen  years  Curator  of  the  Royal 
Gardens,  Kew,  and  a  great  authority  on  hardy  ligneous  plants. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  395 

Magnolia  Wilsonii  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Magnolia  parvi flora,  var.  Wilsoni  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bat.  France, 
LII.  Mem.  IV.  39  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  39  (1907). 

Magnolia  globosa  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  234  (pro  parte,  non 
Hooker  &  Thomson)  (190G). 

Frutex  divaricatus,  circiter  3-metralis  v.  rarius  arbor  tenuis  ad 
8-mctralis,  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  tenues,  hornotini  rufo-  v.  cinereo- 
villosi;  annotini  glabri,  lenticellis  sparsis  notati,  purpureo-brunnei ; 
gemmae  terminales,  anguste  oblongae,  1.5-2  cm.  longae,  dense 
mfo-pilosae.  Folio  decidua,  sparsa,  elliptico-lanceolata,  rarius  ellip- 
tico-ovata  v.  elliptico-oblonga,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  basi  rotun- 
data  V.  leviter  subcordata,  rarius  late  cuneata,  7-15  cm.,  plerumque 
9-12  cm.  longa  et  2.5-6  cm.,  plerumque  3.5-5  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra, 
obscure  viridia,  in  sicco  leviter  reticulata,  subtus  dense  villoso-tomen- 
tosa  pilis  longis  sericeis  subaccumbentibus  cinereo-flavidis  ad  costam 
rufis,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  ut  costa  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  dense 
rufo-pilosi,  1-4  cm.  longi,  Flores  simul  cum  foliis,  albi,  gynaeceo 
staminibusque  rubris,  fragrantes,  cupulares,  10-12  cm.  diam.;  ala- 
bastra  ovoidea,  acuta,  sparse  fulvo-villosa,  glabrescentia;  pedicellus 
2-2.5  cm.  longus,  cicatricem  bracteae  spathoideae  circa  medium 
gerens,  fulvo-villosus;  sepala  petalaque  plerumque  9,  erecto-paten- 
tia,  5-6  cm.  longa  et  2-4.5  cm.  lata,  exteriora  elliptica,  acuta  v.  obtusa, 
interiora  obovata  apice  rotundata;  stamina  numerosa,  10-12  mm. 
longa,  erecto-patentia,  filamentis  brevissimis,  1.5-2  mm.  longis  rubris, 
connectivo  apice  rotundato  plerumque  mucronulato;  gynaeceum  cum 
parte  stammifera  circiter  2.5  cm.  longum,  rubrum;  carpella  vix 
numerosa,  stigmatibus  erecto-patentibus  3-4  mm.  longis.  Fructus 
nutans,  oblongo-cylindricus,  obtusus,  6-7  cm.  longus  et  2-2.4  cm. 
diam.,  purpureus;  carpella  matura  congesta,  aperta  naviculiformia, 
valvis  plerumque  apice  et  basi  cohaerentibus  1-1.5  cm.  longis  circiter 
8  mm.  altis  supra  manifeste  rostratis;  semina  1-2,  irregulariter 
latissime  obovoidca,  interdum  latiora  quam  longa,  7-8  mm.  longa  v. 
lata,  compressa,  scarlatina,  testa  interiore  griseo-brunnea  non  sulcata 
basi  acuminulata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachicn-lu,  woods  and 
thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  May  24  and  October  1904  (Vcitch  Exped. 
No.  3137,  type);  same  locality,  alt.  2000-2800  m.,  June  and  October 
1908  (No.  1374). 

This  is  a  remarkably  distinct  species,  readily  distinguished  by  the  dense  pubes- 
cence of  the  under  side  of  the  leaves,  their  shape  and  by  the  prominent  scar  on  the 


396  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

peduncle  left  behind  by  the  spathoid  bract.  The  flowers  in  shape  and  size  re- 
semble those  of  M.  parviflora  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  to  which  species  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain  referred  it  as  a  variety.  The  Japanese  plant,  however,  has  yellow-gray  bark, 
broadly  ovate  to  obovate  glabrescent  leaves,  which  are  scarcely  ever  hairy  except  on 
the  veins,  and  a  long  peduncle  with  no  signs  of  a  scar.  Magnolia  Wilsonii  has  close 
affinity  with  M.  glohosa  Hooker  &  Thomson  which  has  straw-colored  bark,  broadly 
ovate,  much  larger  leaves,  different  pubescence  and  obovate  sepals.  The  closest 
relative  of  this  new  species  is  M.  Nicholsoniana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  which  is  dis- 
tinguished by  its  yellow-gray  bark  passing  to  dull  purple  the  second  year,  by  the 
generally  elliptic-oblong,  sometimes  obovate-oblong  leaves,  commonly  cuneate  at 
the  base,  glabrous  except  on  the  pubescent  midrib  and  glaucescent  below,  and  by 
the  rather  smaller  fruit  with  few  carpels.  Magnolia  Wilsonii  is  quite  common  in 
the  moist  woods  and  thickets  to  the  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  usually  in  the  form 
of  a  straggling  bush.  In  late  May  and  early  June  it  is  very  conspicuous  with  its 
pure  white  petals  and  sepals  and  bright  red  stamens  and  carpels.  It  is  very  flori- 
ferous  and  fragrant  and  promises  to  be  a  welcome  addition  to  the  Ust  of  cultivated 
species. 

Magnolia  aulacospenna  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-12-metralis,  trunco  0.5-1  m.  circuitu,  ramis  brevibus 
divaricatis;  ramuli  satis  graciles,  hornotini  glabri,  annotini  sparse 
lenticellati,  purpureo-f usci ;  cortex  trunci  pallide  einereus,  fere  laevis; 
gemmae  ovoideae,  flavescenti-sericeae,  nitidae,  gemmae  florales 
ovoideae,  circiter  2  cm.  longae,  dense  pilis  longis  villosis  albidis  ves- 
titae.  Folia  decidua,  membranacea,  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  ovato- 
lanceolata,  rarius  oblanceolata-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  rotundata 
V.  rarius  cuneata,  10-18  cm.,  plerumque  12-15  cm.  longa  et  3.5-6.5  cm. 
lata,  supra  glabra,  obscure  viridia,  in  sicco  leviter  reticulata,  subtus 
pallide  viridia,  secus  costam  et  ad  basim  nervorum  lateralium  pilosa 
ceterum  glabra,  reticulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-15  fere  rectis  supra 
leviter  subtus  manifeste  elevatis,  costa  media  supra  leviter  impressa 
subtus  manifeste  elevata;  petioli  6-10  mm.  longi,  glabri,  flavescentes. 
Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  irregulariter  cylindricus,  carpellis  tantum 
partim  fertilibus  inaequalibus;  pedunculus  5-6  mm.  longus,  dense 
sericeus;  carpella  lenticellata,  rotundata,  nee  rostrata,  valvis  ovatis 
rotundatis  10-12  mm.  longis  et  8-10  mm.  latis;  semina  solitaria, 
rarissime  2,  orbiculari-obovoidea,  compressa,  8-10  mm.  longa  et  lata, 
scarlatina,  testa  interiore  late  obcordiformi  basi  fere  rotundata  apice 
emarginata  ventre  profunde  et  late  sulcata  dorso  convexa  nigrescente. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  open  country,  alt.  600  m., 
very  rare,  September  1907  (No.  361,  tjrpe);  same  locality,  roadside, 
alt.  1100  m.,  June  8,  1907  (Nos.  36P,  361^). 

This  is  a  very  distinct  species  readily  distinguished  by  its  leaves  which  in  shape 
and  texture  resemble  those  of  M.  salicifolia  Maximowicz,  except  that  in  the  latter 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  397 

species  they  are  more  or  less  glaucescent  below  and  the  petioles  are  longer,  and  by 
the  seeds  which  have  a  deep  broad  groove  on  the  ventral  side  and  are  concave  at 
the  apex;  in  M.  salicifolia  and  in  all  other  allied  species  they  are  only  slightlj' 
grooved  or  convex  on  both  sides  and  truncate  at  the  apex.  This  new  Magnolia 
forms  a  shapely  tree  with  many  rather  slender  and  spreading  branches  and  a 
wealth  of  leaves.  It  is  quite  rare  and  the  flowers  are  unknown.  No.  361^  is  a 
leafy  shoot  from  the  stump  of  a  felled  tree  and  the  leaves  are  abnormally  (20- 
22  cm.  long,  10-11  cm.  wide)  large. 

Magnolia  Dawsoniana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  8-12-metralis,  trunco  ambitu  0.5-1.5  m.,  ramis  patentibus; 
ramuli  crassiusculi,  hornotini  glabri,  flavo-virides,  annotini  purpuras- 
centes,  laeves  lenticellis  sparsis  exceptis;  gemmae  elongatae  sparse 
adpresse  sericeo-pilosae.  Folia  coriacea,  obovata  v.  elliptico-obovata, 
obtusa  V.  brevissime  acuminata,  basi  cmieata,  rarius  rotundata, 
plerumque  obliqua,  8-14  cm.  longa  et  4.5-7  cm.  lata,  utrinque  glabra, 
supra  nitida,  in  sicco  reticulata,  subtus  reticulata,  pallide  viridia  v. 
glaucescentia,  maturitate  interdum  rufescentia,  nervis  utrinsecus  8- 
12  supra  ut  costa  leviter  elevatis  subtus  manifeste  elevatis;  petioli 
graciles,  saepe  purpurascentes,  glabri,  1.5-3  cm.  longi.  Flores  ignoti. 
Fructus  ramulum  apice  claviformi-incrassatum  terminans,  cylin- 
dricus,  circiter  10  cm.  longus  et  3-3.5  cm.  diam.,  leviter  curvatus, 
breviter  pedunculatus  pedunculo  crasso  glabro;  carpella  matura 
numerosa,  modice  congesta,  fere  omnia  fertilia,  lignea,  compressa, 
sparse  lenticellata,  valvis  late  ovalibus  circiter  1  cm.  latis  et  longis, 
rotundata;  semina  plerumque  2  in  quoque  carpello,  irregulariter 
orbiculari-obovoidea,  compressa,  10-12  mm.  longa  v.  lata,  aurantiaco- 
scarlatina,  testa  interiore  nigrescente  basi  rotundata  apice  truncata 
V.  rotundata  ventre  levissime  sulcata  v.  plana  dorso  convexa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu  to  the  south-east,  alt. 
2000-2300  m.  October  1908  (No.  1241,  type);  same  locality,  October 
1910  (No.  4116). 

The  coriaceous  shining  green  leaves  and  stout  fruit  readily  distinguish  this 
species  which  is  probably  most  closely  allied  to  Magnolia  denudata  Desrousseaux. 
It  is  possible  that  the  leaves  are  persistent  but  our  material  is  insufEcient  to  de- 
termine this  point.  The  tree  is  rare  and  only  known  from  one  rather  remote 
locality.    It  is  in  cultivation  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum. 

For  geographical  reasons  it  is  possible  that  the  plant  referred  to  as  Michelia  by 
Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  193  {PI.  David.  II.  11)  (1886) 
belongs  here. 

Named  for  Jackson  T.  Dawson,  the  superintendent  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum, 
in  appreciation  of  his  consummate  skill  in  the  propagation  of  the  great  mass  of 
material  that  has  reached  his  hands  during  his  forty-three  years  of  service  in  this 
establishment. 


398  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Magnolia  Sargentiana  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  10-25-metralis,  trunco  ambitu  1-3  m.,  coma  dense  ramosa 
umbrosa,  ramis  primariis  erecto-patentibus,  secundariis  patentibus; 
ramuli  crassi,  hornotini  viridi-flavi,  glabri,  sparse  lenticellati,  anno- 
tini  flavidi  v.  cinereo-flavidi,  vetustiores  cinerascentes;  gemmae 
elongatae,  oblongo-ovoideae,  obtusae,  villosae  v.  glabrescentes,  gem- 
mae florales  ovoideae,  acutae,  3.5-4  cm.  longae,  flavescenti-villosae. 
Folia  decidua,  subcoriacea,  obovata  v.  rarius  oblongo-obovata,  apice 
rotmidata,  emarginata  v.  brevissime  cuspidata,  basi  anguste  v.  late 
cuneata  et  saepe  obliqua,  10-17  cm.  longa  et  6-10  cm.  lata,  supra 
glabra,  obscure  viridia,  nitidula,  in  sicco  manifesto  reticulata,  subtus 
pallide  viridia,  reticulata,  dense  cinereo-villosa,  costa  media  supra 
impressa  subtus  elevata  glabra  v.  glabrescente,  nervis  utrinsecus  8- 
12  angulo  valde  acuto  divergentibus  fere  rectis  supra  vix  prominulis 
subtus  elevatis;  petioli  graciles,  2-4.5  cm.  longi,  subteretes,  glabri. 
Flores  ignoti,  verisimiliter  praecoces.  Fructus  cylindricus,  10-14  cm. 
longus  et  2.5-3  cm.  diam.  plerumque  tortuosus,  ante  maturitatem 
carnea;  pedunculus  crassus,  1-2  cm.  longus  et  7-10  mm.  diam.,  glaber 
V.  villosus;  carpella  numerosa,  congesta,  partim  sterilia,  lignea,  ver- 
ruculosa,  valvis  8-10  mm.  altis  et  10-15  mm.  longis,  margine  ex- 
teriore  convexis  v.  rotundatis,  supra  plerumque  breviter  rostratis, 
infra  plerumque  rotundatis  saepe  utrinque  cohaerentibus ;  semina 
1-2  in  quoque  carpello,  irregulariter  orbiculari-obovoidea,  compressa, 
10-12  mm.  longa  v.  lata,  scarlatina,  testa  interiore  fusco-atra  v. 
atro-cinerea  late  obovoidea  basi  acutiuscula  v.  fere  rotundata  apice 
truncata  v.  leviter  emarginata  compressa  ventre  leviter  sulcata  v. 
fere  plana  dorso  convexa. 

Western  Szech'uan  :  Tsai-erh-ti,  30  miles  west  of  Wa-shan,  road- 
side, thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  September  17,  1908  (No.  914,  tyi^e);  Wa- 
shan,  moist  woods,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  very  rare,  September  1908  (No. 
923). 

This  remarkably  distinct  species  is  perhaps  most  closely  related  to  M.  Camp- 
hellii  Hooker  &  Thomson  which  has  differently  shaped,  glabrescent  leaves  and  a 
very  different  fruit  with  more  numerous,  smaller,  less  crowded  carpels  without 
beaks  and  smaller  seeds.  It  may  also  be  compared  with  M.  denudata,  var.  pur- 
purascens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  which  is  a  smaller  tree  with  vinous-purple  bark, 
rather  differently  shaped  leaves,  glabrous  or  glabrescent  below,  much  smaller  and 
more  slender  fruits  with  fewer,  laxly  disposed  carpels  without  beaks.  The  shape 
and  pubescence  of  the  leaves  and  the  peculiarly  stout,  elongated  fruit  with  con- 
gested, beaked  carpels  readily  distinguish  this  species  from  all  other  members  of 
the  genus. 

Magnolia  Sargentiana  grows  to  a  greater  size  than  any  other  Chinese  Magnolia 


MAGNOLIACEAE. — MAGNOLIA  399 

and  is  one  of  the  noblest  of  its  family.  We  have  a  vivid  recollection  of  seeing  in 
June  1903  at  Yin-kou,  a  hamlet  6  miles  west  of  Wa-shan,  a  tree  of  this  species 
which  was  more  than  25  m.  tall,  with  a  trunk  3  m.  in  girth,  2  m.  from  the  ground,  and 
clean  for  5  m.  where  the  branches  commenced.  The  branches  were  very  numerous, 
wide-spreading,  forming  a  massive  head,  flattened  oval  in  contour.  In  190S  a 
special  journey  for  the  purpose  of  photographing  this  tree  was  undertaken  but  it 
had  been  cut  down.  This  was  the  largest  specimen  we  ever  met  with,  but  ex- 
amples 15-20  m.  tall,  2-2.75  m.  in  girth  are  (or  were  in  1908)  fairly  common  west 
of  Wa-shan.  The  Chinese  informed  us  that  the  flowers  were  rosy-red  to  rose-pink 
in  color  and  about  8  inches  across.  From  the  size  of  the  peduncles  and  of  the 
scars  left  by  the  fallen  sepals  and  petals  there  is  good  reason  to  believe  that  the 
size  of  the  flowers  must  be  very  large;  and  undoubtedly  this  new  Magnolia  vies 
with  M.  Cavipbellii  Hooker  &  Thomson  in  beauty.  It  is  in  cultivation  in  the 
Arnold  Arboretum.  A  colloquial  name  for  this  tree  is  "  Yin-chin-hwa  "  and  the 
bark  like  that  of  the  Yulan,  is  esteemed  as  a  drug,  being  known  as  "  Wu-p'i  "  or 
more  rarely  "  Hsin-p'i." 

For  geographical  reasons  it  is  possible  that  the  specimen  referred  to  as  Mag- 
nolia sp.?  by  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  193  {PI.  David. 

II.  11)  which  is  presumably  the  same  as  that  named  M.  conspicua,  var.  emarginaia 
by  Finet  &  Gagnepain  {Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  38),  belongs  here. 
But  from  the  meagre  description,  largely  founded  on  a  statement  of  I'Abbe  David, 
it  is  quite  impossible  to  determine  the  point. 

A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  351  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  oj  Western  China,  No.  305. 

Magnolia  Sargentiana,  var.  robusta  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  longioribus  et  angustioribus  oblongo-obovatis 
14-21  cm.  longis  et  6-8.5  cm.  latis,  fructu  majore  12-18  cm.  longo, 
carpellis  utrinque  breviter  rostratis  15-18  mm.  longis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands  and  open  country, 
alt.  2300  m.,  September  1908  (No.  923^;  tree  12  m.  tall,  1.30  m.  girth). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  in  its  longer  and  narrower  leaves  and  in  the 
larger  fruit.  There  is  also  some  difference  in  the  seeds;  in  No.  923^^  they  mostly 
have  a  very  shallow  and  slight  groove  on  one  side,  but  in  No.  914  they  are  dis- 
tinctly though  not  very  deeply  grooved,  while  in  No.  923  they  resemble  those  of 
the  variety,  though  according  to  the  leaves  and  the  fruit  this  number  belongs  to 
the  type  where  we  have  placed  it. 

Magnolia  denudata  Desrousseaux  in  Lamarck,  Encycl.  Meth.  Bot. 

III.  675  (1791),  exceptis  synonymis  Mokkwuren  Kaempfer  Amoen.  et 
Magnolia  glauca  Thunberg. 

Mokkwuren  flore  alho  Kaempfer,  Amoen.  V.  845  (1712). 

Yulan  Cibot  in  Batteux,  Mem.  Hist.  Chinois.  III.  441  (1778). 

Mokkwuren  1.  Banks,  Icon.  Kaempfer  t.  43  (1791). 

Magnolia  obovata  Thunberg  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  33G  (1794),  quoad  syn- 

onj'mum  Kacmpjer  Icon.  43. 
Magnolia  prccia  Correa  de  Serra  apud  Ventenat,  Jard.  Malm,  nota  2,  ad.  t. 

24  (nomennudum)  (1803).  — Loiseleur in  No7iv.  Duhamel.  II.  224  (180-?).— 

Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  1.  331  (1905). 


400  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Magnolia  conspicua  Salisbury,  Parad.  Lond.  I.  t.  3S  (1806).  —  Alton,  Hort. 

Kew.  ed.  2.  III.  330  (1811).  — Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XXXIX.  t.  1621  (1814).— 

Maximowicz  in  Bidl.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XVII.  419  (1872);  in  Mel. 

Biol.  VIII.  508  (1872).  — Keisuke  Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.   Koishikawa  Bot. 

Gard.  I.  t.  9  (1884).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  23  (1886).  — 

Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  321  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc. 

Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  38  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  38  (1907). 
Magnolia  Yulan  Desfontaines,  Hist.  Arb.  II.  6  (1809).  —  Bonpland,  Descr. 

PI.  Malm.  53,  t.  20  (1813).  — De  CandoUe,  Sijst.  I.  455  (1818);  Prodr.  I. 

81  (1824).  —  Loddiges,  Bot.  Cab.  XII.  t.  1187  (1826).  —  Bunge  in  Mem. 

Acad.  Sci.  Sav.   Etr.  St.   Petersbourg,   II.  77  {Enum.    PI.   Chin.   Bor.  3) 

(1833).  — Dcbeaux,  Fl.  Shangh.  14  (1875). 
Magnolia  obovaia,  a.  denudata  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  457  (1818),  excludendis 

synonymis  Kaempferi  et  Thunbergii;  Prodr.  I.  81  (1824). 
Magnolia  hirsuta  Thunberg,   PI.  Jap.  Nov.  Sp.  8    (nomen  nudum)    (1824), 

secimdum  specimen  originale.i 
Yulania  conspicua  Spach,  Hist.  Veget.  VII.  464  (1839). 
Magnolia  Kobv^  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  2,  187 

{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (non  De  Candolle)  (1843),  quoad  descriptionem. 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  28,  1907  (No.  1654%- 
bush  2-4  m.  tall,  springing  from  stump  of  a  felled  tree);  same  locality, 
July  31,  1907  (No.  1654;  bush  2-4  m.  tall). 

This  Magnolia  is  exceedingly  common  around  Kuling  but  only  in  the  form  of 
a  bush,  all  the  trees  having  been  cut  down.  Our  material  consists  of  leafy  shoots 
only  and  we  have  no  knowledge  of  the  color  of  the  flowers.  The  leaves  and  shoots 
agree  exactly  with  the  typical  Yulan  and  we  are  disposed  to  regard  this  locality 
as  the  original  home  of  this  familiar  plant  so  widely  cultivated  in  China  since  the 
Tang  dynasty  (a.d.  618-907). 

As  the  nomenclature  of  this  species  has  been  much  involved  with  that  of  Mag- 
nolia lilifiora  Desrousseaux  {M.  obovata  Thunberg  pr.  p.,  M.  purpurea  Curtis)  a 

1  Through  the  kindness  of  Professor  O.  Juel  we  have  received  photographs  of 
the  Magnolias  of  Thunberg's  herbarium  preserved  at  Upsala;  thej'  prove  that  the 
conclusions  we  had  arrived  at  from  Thunberg's  descriptions  and  quotations  were 
correct.  There  are  four  named  specimens  of  Magnolia  in  Thunberg's  herbarium 
which  are  referable  to  tliree  species  of  Magnolia  and  to  a  Edgeworthia: 

Magnolia  obovaia  (consisting  of  a  branch  with  leaves)  =  M.  obovata  Thunberg 
(M.  hypoleuca  Siebold  &  Zuccarini). 

Magnolia  tomentosa  (two  branchlets,  each  with  a  flower)  =  M.  kobus  De  Can- 
dolle. 

Magnolia  hirsuta  (two  branchlets,  each  with  a  flower)  =  M.  denudata  Desrous- 
seaux. 

Magnolia  sericea  (a  leafy  branch  with  a  few  peduncles  from  which  the  flowers 
have  fallen)  =  Edgeworthia  papyrifera  Siebold  &  Zuccarini. 

The  specimen  named  in  1824  M.  sericea  by  Thunberg  had  served  him  in  1794  for 
the  description  of  his  M.  tomentosa,  as  a  comparison  of  the  specimens  with  the  de- 
scription clearly  shows;  moreover,  the  quotation  of  the  Japanese  name  "  Mitsmata" 
(for  Mitsumata  =  Edgeworthia  papyrifera)  leaves  httle  doubt  that  this  identification 
ia  correct. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  401 

few  words  must  be  said  about  the  source  of  this  confusion.  The  first  mention  of 
Asiatic  Magnolias  is  found  in  Kaemjifcr's  Amoenitates  cxoticae,  where  he  describes 
three  species  under  the  names  (1)  Sini  .  .  .  vulgo  Kobus,  which  is  M.  kobus 
De  Candolle,  (2)  Mokkwuren  frutex  tulipifer  and  (3)  Mokkwuren  flore  albo. 
In  1791  Banks  pubUshed  the  excellent  and  very  characteristic  drawings  by 
Kaempfer  of  these  three  species,  but  made  the  unfortunate  mistake  of  inter- 
changing the  plates  of  the  last  two  species,  referring  plate  43  (Mokkwuren  1.) 
which  represents  Mokkwuren  flore  albo  to  Mokkwuren  [frutex  tulii)ifcr],  and 
plate  44  (Mokkwuren  2.)  which  represents  Mokkwuren  frutex  tulipifer  to 
Mokkwuren  flore  albo.  In  the  same  year  Desrousseaux  in  Lamarck,  Ency- 
clopedie  methodiquc  drew  up  descriptions  of  these  two  species  under  the  names 
M.  denudata  and  M.  liliflora;  his  descriptions  are  bavsed  entirely  on  Kaempfer's 
plates,  except  as  to  the  color  of  the  flowers  which  he  took  from  Kaempfer's  descrip- 
tion, accepting  the  quotations  as  given  by  Banks;  this  caused  him  to  attribute 
to  M.  denudata  red  flowers  and  to  M.  liliflora  white  flowers.  He  apparently 
did  not  compare  carefully  enough  the  plates  with  Kaempfer's  original  de- 
scription; if  he  had  he  would  have  detected  Banks'  error.  Kaempfer  describes 
Mokkwuren  frutex  tulipifer  .  .  .  flore  Lilio-narcissi  rubente  as  similar  to  Sini 
.  .  .  vulgo  Kobus,  the  flowers  of  which  he  calls  "  Tulipam  Liliumve  album 
vulgare  petalorum  numero  et  magnitudine  exprimentibus  .  .  .  " ;  these  words 
undoubtedly  refer  to  a  flower  with  six  petals,  as  plate  44  shows,  while  in  de- 
scribing Mokkwuren  flore  albo  he  says  "  novemque  plerumque  petalis,"  exactly 
as  shown  in  plate  43.  This  proves  conclusively  that  Kaempfer  did  not  attribute 
red  flowers  to  his  drawing  published  by  Banks  as  plate  43,  as  one  is  lead  to  believe 
from  Bank's  quotation,  and  that  this  plate  represents  Mokkwuren  flore  albo,  and 
therefore  has  white  flowers.  Maximowicz  (1.  c.)  apparently  had  arrived  at  the 
same  conclusions,  as  he  quotes  under  M.  conspicua:  "  Mokkwuren  Ic.  Kaempf. 
t.  43  —  Moldcwuren  fl.  albo  novem  plerumque  petalis  cet.  Kaempf.  Amoen.  845," 
but  he  does  not  mention  Desrousseaux's  names. 

The  fact  that  Desrousseaux  describes  the  flowers  as  red  instead  of  white,  owing 
to  a  wrong  citation  in  the  synonymy,  is  not  a  sufficient  reason  to  reject  his  name. 
De  Candolle  made  the  same  mistake  in  describing  M.  kobus;  he  quotes  M.  gracilis 
Salisbury  as  a  synonym  and  describes  the  flowers  as  red,  taking  the  description  of 
the  color  from  the  colored  plate  of  M.  gracilis.  There  are  also  numerous  other  in- 
stances where  the  color  of  the  flowers  has  been  incorrectly  given  in  the  original 
description  without  afTecting  the  validity  of  the  name.  The  acceptance  of  the 
name  M.  denudata  fortunately  makes  it  unnecessary  to  decide  whether  M.  prccia 
Correa  or  M.  conspicua  Salisbury  is  the  older  name. 

Magnolia  denudata,  var.  purpurascens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Magnolia  conspicua,  var.  purpurascens  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 

Petersbourg,  XVII.  419  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  509  (1872). 
Magnolia  obovata  Keisuke  Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Koishikawa  Bot.  Gard.  I.  t.  8 

"  Sarasa-renge  "  (non  Thunberg)  (1884). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  thickets  and  open 
country,  alt.  1300-1800  m.,  common,  April  11  and  September  1907 
(No.  278;  tree  5-18  m.  tall,  0.3-2  m.  girth,  flowers  rosy  pink,  fragrant) ; 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  13-1500  m.,  common,  September 
1907  (No.  373;  tree  5-18  m.  tall,  0.3-2  m.  girth);  Fang  Hsien,  moist 


402  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

woods  and  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.  June  22,  1910  (No.  4601 ;  tree  20  m. 
tall,  2  m.  girth) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  moist  woods,  April  6,  1900,  and 
September  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  21,  21»  and  seed  No.  688). 
Szech'uan:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5651).  —  Cultivated 
in  Japan. 

This  handsome  variety  is  the  common  Magnoha  in  western  Hupeh  and  eastern 
Szech'uan  and  is  fairly  plentiful  in  moist  woods  and  thickets  between  1000-1800 
m.  altitude.  The  bark  on  the  trunk  and  older  branches  is  light  gray,  rather  smooth 
and  peals  off  in  small  irregular  flakes;  the  branches  are  ascending  and  spread- 
ing giving  the  tree  a  pyramidal  outline  but  commonly  in  the  large  trees  they  are 
spreading,  forming  a  flat-topped  tree.  The  flowers  are  saucer-shaped  and  vary 
from  rose-red  without  to  rose  or  pale  pink  within;  the  stamens  and  the  carpels 
are  also  rose-red  in  color.  In  early  April  this  Magnolia  with  its  handsome, 
fragrant  flowers  is  a  striking  object  in  the  woodland  landscape. 

A  colloquial  name  is  "  Yin-tuen  shu  "  and  the  bark  like  that  of  allied  species 
is  valued  as  a  drug  known  as  "  Mu-pi."  Pictures  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under 
Nos.  567,  579  and  0124  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his 
Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  306,  307. 

Magnolia  denudata,  var.  elongata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Arbor  12-15-metralis,  trunco  ambitu  1-2  m.,  ramis  erecto-patulis. 
Foha  glabra,  oblongo-obovata,  breviter  subito  acuminata,  basi  cuneata, 
12-15  cm.  longa  et  4.5-6  cm.  lata.  Flores  albi;  fragrantes;  sepala 
petalaque  oblongo-obovata  v.  spathulato-oblonga,  7-9  cm.  longa  et 
2-4  cm.  lata;  stamina  1.5-1.8  cm.  longa,  filamentis  4-6  mm.  longis 
rubris,  connectivo  apice  elongato  acuto;  gynaecium  cum  parte  stami- 
nifera  3-3.5  cm.  longum,  stigmatibus  quam  in  typo  longioribus. 
Fructus  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands  and  open  coun- 
try, alt.  1000-1200  m.,  April  and  September  1907  (No.  345,  type); 
same  locality,  April  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  444). 

This  variety  resembles  the  type  in  its  pure  white  flowers  but  is  readily  dis- 
tinguished by  its  much  larger  leaves,  sepals,  petals  and  stamens.  This  Magnoha 
is  rather  rare,  but  occurs  occasionally  in  western  Hupeh  and  eastern  Szech'uan. 
In  habit  the  tree  is  pyramidal  from  the  ascending  and  spreading  character  of  the 
branches. 

Here  may  be  added  an  account  of  another  Chinese  species,  M.  liliflora  Des- 
rousseaux,  the  synonymy  of  which  is  much  involved  with  that  of  the  preceding 
species. 

Magnolia  liliflora  Desrousseaux  in  Lamarck,  Encycl.  MSth.  Bot.  III.  675 
(1791),  excepto  synonymo:  Mokkwuren  flore  albo  Kaempfer,  A7noen. 

Mokkwuren  "  Frutex  Tulipifer  .    .    .  fiore  Lilio-narcissi  rubente,"  Kaempfer, 

Amoen.  V.  845  (1712). 
Magnolia  glauca,  ^.  fiore  magna  atropurpureo  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  236  (1784), 
synonymo  Fo  no  ki  et  descriptione  foHorum  exceptis. 


MAGNOLIACEAE. — MAGNOLIA  403 

Mokkwuren  2.  Banks,  Icon.  Kaempfer  44  (1791). 

Magnolia  obovata  Thunbcrg  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  336  (1794),  quoad  sjti- 
onymum  Mokkwuren  et  Icon.  Select,  t.  44.  —  Willdenow,  Spec.  II.  1257 
(1799),  synonymo  M.  obovata  Thunberg  et  Icon.  Kaempfer  t.  43  excluden- 
dis.  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  16  (1875).  —  Keisuke  Ito, 
Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Bot.  Gard.  Koishikawa,  I.  t.  7  "  Shimokuren  "  (1884).  — 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  23  (1886).  —  Finot  &  Gagnepain  in 
Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  37  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  37 
(1907). 

Magnolia  purpurea  Curtis  in  Bot.  Mag.  XI.  t.  390  (1797). 

Magnolia  discolor  Ventenat,  Jard.  Malm.  t.  24  (1803). 

Magnolia  gracilis  Salisbury,  Parad.  Lond.  II.  t.  87  (1807). 

Yulania  japonica  Spach,  Hist.  Veget.  VII.  466  (1839). 

Buergeria  obovata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  II.  187 
{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (1843). 

Talaumaf  Sieboldi  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  257  (Prol.  Fl.  Jap. 
145)  (1865-1866). 

Talauma  obovata  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  2  (non  Korthals)  (1882). 

Magnolia  denudata  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  330  (non  Desrous- 
seaux)  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  wayside  thicket,  rare,  alt.  500-600  m., 
April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  192). 

This  Magnolia  so  long  cultivated  in  China  and  Japan  is  without  doubt  a  native 
of  China,  probably  of  the  warm  temperate  districts  south  of  the  Yangtsze  river. 
It  is  questionable,  however,  if  the  specimen  enumerated  above  is  a  genuinely  wild 
one  or  merely  from  an  escape  from  cultivation. 

The  fact  that  Desrousseaux  in  his  otherwise  correct  description  made  the  mis- 
take of  calling  the  flowers  white,  is  not  a  sufficient  reason  to  reject  his  name,  as 
pointed  out  in  the  note  under  M.  denudata,  where  also  it  is  explained  how  he  came 
to  make  this  mistake.  The  name  M.  obovata  used  by  almost  all  authors  for 
M.  lilifiora  must  now  replace  M.  hypoleuca  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  for  Thunberg's 
description  of  M.  obovata  and  part  of  its  synonyms  refer  to  M.  hypoleuca  and  his 
type  specimen  represents  this  species.  Thunberg  confused  two  other  species  mth 
his  M.  obovata,  namely,  M.  lilifiora  and  M.  denudata,  but  to  M.  liliflora  belong  only 
the  reference  to  Kaempfer's  Mokkwuren  and  that  to  t.  44  of  Kaempfer's  Icones,  and 
to  M.  denudata  Desrousseaux  belongs  only  the  reference  to  t.  43  of  Kaempfer's 
Icones,  while  the  description  of  the  leaves  as  well  as  the  Japanese  synonym  Fo- 
no-ki  (now  transliterated  Ho-no-ki)  and  the  synonym  M.  glauca  (at  least  in  part) 
belong  to  M.  hypoleuca  Siebold  &  Zuccarini.  Willdenow  (I.  c.)  was  apparently 
the  first  to  change  Thunberg's  description  of  M.  obovata  to  make  it  apply  to  the 
leaves  of  M.  liliflora,  and  all  later  authors  have  followed  him. 

CONSPECTUS  SPECIERUM  ASIATICARUM.» 

Of  some  of  the  species  (Nos.  17,  21,  22)  the  flowers,  and  of  No.  18  the  leaves, 
are  unknown;  these  have  been  placed  ncai-  the  species  to  which  they  seem  most 
closely  related  according  to  their  other  characters. 

1  Magnolia  Martini  L6veill6  in  Bull.  Soc.  Agric.  Sci.  Sarthe,  LIX.  321  (1904) ;  in 
Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  VI.  374  (1909),  from  Kwei-chou  has  been  omitted,  as  we  have 
seen  no  specimens  and  the  description  is  too  incomplete;  it  is  probably  not  a 
Magnolia,  but  a  Michelia. 


404  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Fructus  oblongus  v.  ovoideus,  symmetricus  v.  fere  symmetricus;  carpella  sub- 

aequalia,  congesta,  apice  plus  minusve  truncata  et  manifeste  rostrata,  aperta 

plerumque  naviculiformia  valvis  supra  et  infra  cohaerentibus.    Flores  coetanei. 

Pedunculus  brevis  et  crassus;  fructus  erectus,  10-20  cm.  longus,  symmetricus, 

oblongo-ovoideus  v.  oblongo-cylindricus. 

Folia    persistentia,    elliptica    v.    elliptico-oblonga,    acuta    v.    obtusiuscula, 

glabra.    Carpella  pubescentia,  juniora  saltem. 

Carpella  matura  breviter  rostrata.    Folia  basi  rotundata,  subtus  glauces- 

centia,  10-20  cm.  longa 1.  M.  Delavayi. 

Carpella  matura  longe  rostrata  rostro  superiore  quam  carpellum  duplo 
longiore.     Folia  basi  cuneata,  subtus  pallide  viridia,  14-30  cm.  longa. 

2.  M.  pterocarpa. 
Folia  decidua,  oblongo-oblanceolata,  breviter  acuminata,  30-45  cm.  longa, 
nervis  utrinsecus  20-30.    Carpella  glabra  altiora  quam  longiora. 
Fructus  cylindrico-oblongus,  14-20  cm.  longus.    Ramuli  purpurascentes. 

3.  M.  obovata. 
Fructus  oblongo-ovoideus,  10-12  cm.  longus.    Ramuli  fiavescentes. 

4.  M.  officinalis. 

Pedunculus  elongatus,  satis  gracilis;  fructus  saepe  nutans,  ovoideus,  4-7  cm. 

longus,    interdum    leviter    asymmetricus    et    curvatus;    carpella    longiora 

quam  alta,  aperta  eximie  naviculiformia. 

Folia  ovalia  v.  elliptica,  subtus  sparse  adpresse  pubescentia  v.  fere  glabra. 

Pedunculi  petiolique  glabri  v.  fere  glabri;  carpella  numerosa.    Folia  10-18 

cm.  longa,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-15 5.  M.  Watsonii. 

Pedunculi  petiolique  pubescentes;  carpella  pauca. 

Folia    subtus    ad    venas    fulvo-pubescentia,    nervis    utrinsecus    9-12. 

Petala  6-7  cm.  longa 6.  ikf .  globosa. 

Folia  subtus  ad  venas  albido-pubescentia,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-9.    Petala 

4-6  cm.  longa 7.  M.  parviflora. 

Folia  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  elliptico-oblonga,  7-12  cm.  longa.    Flores  albi. 
Folia  subtus  ad  costam  dense  rufo-pubescentia,   ceterum  glabra  v.  fere 

glabra 8.  M.  Nicholsoniana. 

Folia  subtus  tota  facie  dense  sericeo-tomentosa 9.  M.  Wilsonii. 

Fructus    cylindricus,    rarius   ovoideus,    asymmetricus,  saepe    valde    curvatus  et 
tortuosus;  carpella  vix  congesta,  stcrilibus  et  minoribus  intermixtis,  interdum 
fertilia  tantum  pauca,  apice  rotundata,  valvis  reflexis  ovalibus  v.  suborbicula- 
ribus  (saepe  breviter  et  tenuiter  rostrata  in  No.  22). 
Flores  coetanei;  pedicellus  elongatus;  sepala  et  petala  9,  subaequalia. 
Folia  decidua.    Fructus  obovoideus  v.  oblongus,  4-8  cm.  longus. 

Carpella  pubescentia.    Folia  oblonga,  acuminata,  breviter  petiolata,  subtus 
glaucescentia  ad  costam  villosa,  16-25  cm.  longa.     .      10.  M.  Maingayi. 
Carpella  glabra.     Folia  subtus  glabra,  12-18  cm.  longa.      11.  M.  Gustavii. 
Folia  persistentia. 

Sepala  et  petala  alba.    Fructus  cylindricus  carpellis  numerosis,  8-14  cm. 
longus. 
Pedunculi  et  folia  glabra;  folia  oblongo-obovata,  20-60  cm.  longa. 

12.  M.  Henryi. 
Pedunculi  et  folia  subtus  pubescentia,  saltem  juniora,  plerumque  elliptico- 
oblonga.    Gynaeceum  breviter  stipitatus. 
Folia  subtus  initio  puberula,  14-20  cm.  longa.  ...   13.  M.  Pealiana. 
Folia  subtus  initio  dense  sericeo-tomentosa,  22-35  cm.  longa. 

14.  M.  Griffithii. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  405 

Sepala  3  viresoentia,  petalis  6  candidis  subaequilonga;  gjTiaeceum  carpellis 

paucis.     Folia  clliptica  circiter  15  cm.  longa 15.  M.  coco. 

Flores  precoces,  brevitcr  pcdiccllati.    Folia  decidua. 

Sepala  3,  petalis  6  multo  minora  (flores  ignoti  in  No.  17). 

Folia  infra  medium  latiora,  plerumque  oblongo-lanceolata,  membranacea, 
8-15  cm.  longa. 
Folia  subtus  glaucescentia,  8-15  cm.  longa.    Semina  non  sulcata. 

16.  M.  salicifolia. 
Folia  subtus  pallide  viridia,  10-18  cm.  longa.     Semina  ventre  manifesto 

sulcata 17.  M.  aulacosperma. 

Folia  supra  medium  latiora,  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga  chartacea  (ignota 
in  No.  18). 
Flores  albi,  petalis  obovatis  circiter  5  cm.  longis. 

Antherae  filamentis  subaequilongae 18.  Af.  Biondii. 

Antherae  filamentis  multo  longiores 19.  iVf .  kobus. 

Flores  extus  purpurei  petalis  oblongis  8-9  cm.  longis.     Folia  obovata, 

breviter  acuminata 20.  M.  liliflora. 

Sepala  etpetala  subaequalia,  omnia  petaloidea  (flores  ignoti  in  Nos.  21  and  22). 
Folia  obovata  v.  obovato-oblonga,  basi  cuneata,  nervis  utrinsecus  7-10. 
Folia  plerumque  obovata,  8-20  cm.  longa. 

Folia  subtus  glabra,  fulvescentia,  supra  nitida,  fere  coriacea,  8-14  cm., 

longa 21.  Af.  Dawsoniana. 

Folia  subtus  pubescentia,  supra  vix  nitida. 

Folia  subtus  densa  villosa,  plerumque  obtusa  v.  emarginata,  10-17 

cm.  longa 22.  M.  Sargentiana. 

Folia  subtus  sparse  adpresse  pubescentia  8-14  cm.  longa,  breviter 

acuminata.     Sepala  petalaque  9 23.  M.  denudata. 

Folia  obovata-oblonga,  acuta  v.  obtusiuscula,  5-8  cm.  longa.     Sepala 

petalaque  12-18,  angusta 24.  M.  stellata. 

Folia  elliptica  v.  elliptico-oblonga,  acuta  v.  acuminata,  10-25  cm.  longa, 
utrinsecus  nervis  10-16.    Sepala  petalaque  12-15,  obovata. 

25.  M.  Carnpbellii. 

ENUMERATIO  SPECIERUM  ASIATICARUM. 

1.  Magnolia  Delavayi  Franchet,  PI.  Delavay.  I.  33,  t.  9,  10  (1889).  —  Finet  & 
Gagnepain  in  Bidl.  Sac.  Bat.  France,  LII.  M6m.  36  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II. 
36  (1907).  — Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  234  (1906).  —  Sprague  in 
Bat.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8282  (1909). 

China:  Yimnan. 

2.  Magnolia  pterocarpa  Roxburgh,  Coromandel  PI.  III.  t.  266  (1819).  — King 
in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  207,  t.  53  (1891).  —  Gamble,  Manual  Ind.  Timbers, 
9  (1902).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M(5m.4,  36  (1905); 
Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  36  (1907).  —  Brandis,  Ind.  Trees,  6  (1906). 

Ldriodendron  grandiflorum  Roxburgh,  Hort.  Beng.  43  (nomen  nudum)  (1814); 
Fl.  Ind.  II.  653  (1832). 

Michelia  macrophylla  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Nepal.  226  (1825). 

Sphenocarpus  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  975  corrig.  p.  236  (nomen  nudum)  (1828). 

Talauma  Roxburghii  G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  I.  85  (1831). 

Magnolia  sphenocarpa  Wallich,  Cat.  27,  No.  975  (1828).  —  Hooker  f.  &  Thom- 
son, Fl.  Ind.  1.  78  (1855);  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  41  (1872). 


406  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Tropical  Himalaya:  Nepal  eastwards  to  Assam. 

3.  Magnolia  obovata  Thunberg  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  336  (1794),  excepto  syn- 
onymo  Mokkwuren;  PI.  Jap.  Nov.  Sp.  8  (1824),  sine  descriptione,  secundum 
specimen  originale.i 

Magnolia  glauca  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  236  (non  Linnaeus)  (1784),  quoad  des- 

criptionem  specie!  et  synonymum  Fo-no-ki. 
Magnolia  hypoleuca  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  II. 

187  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (1843).  —  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat. 

II.  258  (Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  146)  (1865-1866).  — Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci. 

St.  P^ersbourg,  XVII.  419  (1872) ;  in  M61.  Biol.  VIII.  509  (1872).  —  Franchet 

&  Savatier  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  17  (1875).  —  Keisuke  Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Bot. 

Card.  Koishikawa,  1.  t.  14,  15  (1884).  — Sargent  in  Garden  &  Forest,  VI.  64 

(1893);  Forest  Fl.  Jap.  8  (1894).  —  Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  I.  t.  39, 

fig.  13-29  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem. 

IV.  37  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  37  (1907).  — Skan  in  Bot.  Mag. 

CXXXII.  t.  8077  (1906). 
Japan. 

As  pointed  out  already  under  M.  liliflora  Desrousseaux,  the  description  of 
Thunberg's  M.  obovata  refers  exclusively  to  the  plant  described  later  as  M.  hypo- 
leuca by  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  and  therefore,  M.  obovata  must  be  accepted  as  the 
name  for  this  species.  Magnolia  glauca  Thunberg,  not  Linnaeus,  also  belongs 
principally  to  this  species,  for  the  description  of  the  leaves,  which  constitutes  in 
fact  the  whole  specific  description,  refers  only  to  M.  obovata  and  was  probably 
based  on  the  specimen  named  later  M.  obovata  which  would  then  constitute  the 
type  of  his  M.  glauca.  The  synonyms,  however,  quoted  under  the  two  varieties 
of  M.  glauca,  are  referable  to  five  different  species  including  the  type:  1.  M. 
glauca  Linnaeus  is  a  very  different  American  species;  2.  Sini  et  Konfusi,  vulgo 
Kobus  is  M.  kobus  De  CandoUe;  3.  Mitsmata  is  Edgeworthia  papyrifera  Siebold 
&  Zuccarini;  4.  Mokkwuren  is  M.  liliflora  Desrousseaux;  5.  Fo-no-ki  is  M. 
obovata,  and  corresponds  to  the  description. 

4.  Magnolia  officinalis  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  391. 
Magnolia  officinalis,  var.  biloba  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  392. 

5.  Magnolia  Watsonu  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXVII.  t.  7157  (1891).  —Gard. 
Chron.  ser.  3,  XVI.  188,  fig.  29  (1894).  —  Kort  in  Rev.  Hort.  Beige,  XXXI.  258, 
fig.  21  (1905). 

Japan  :  cultivated,  not  yet  found  growing  wild. 

6.  Magnolia  globosa  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson.    See  p.  393. 
Magnolia  globosa,  var.  sinensis  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  393. 

7.  Magnolia  parviflora  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch.  IV.  pt.  II. 
187  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (1843).  —  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  258 
{Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  146)  (1865-1866).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  P&ters- 
bourg,  XVII.  419  (1871);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  509  (1872).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier, 
Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  16  (1875).  — Keisuke  Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Bot.  Gar d.  Koishikawa, 
I.  t.  13  (1884).  —  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXI.  t.  7411  (1895).  —  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  39  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II. 
39  (1907).  —Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  II.  t.  17,  fig.  1-5  (1908). 

*  See  footnote  on  p.  400. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MAGNOLIA  407 

Magnolia  Oyama  Kort  in  Rev.  Hort.  Beige,  XXXI.  25S  (1905). 
Japan,  Korea. 

8.  Magnolia  Nicholsoniana  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  394. 

9.  Magnolia  Wilsonii  Rehder.    See  p.  395. 

10.  Magnolia  Maingayi  King  in  Jour.  Asiat.  Soc.  Bengal,  LVIII.  pt.  II.  369 
(1S90);  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  208,  t.  45  b,  fig.  6-10  (1891).  —  Finet  & 
Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  36  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  II.  36  (1907). 

Malacca  and  Pcnang  (ex  King). 

11.  Magnolia  Gustavi  King  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  209,  t.  61  (1901).— 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France  LII.  M6m.  IV.  36  (1905) ;  Contrib.  Fl. 
As.  Or.  II.  36  (1907).  —  Brandis,  Ind.  Trees,  6  (1906). 

Upper  Assam  (ex  King). 

12.  Magnolia  Henryi  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXV.  484  (1903).  —  Wilson 
in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  234  (1906). 

China:  Yunnan. 

13.  MagnoUa  Pealiana  King  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  210,  t.  59  (1891). 

Michelia  Pealiana  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M^m. 
IV.  42  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  42  (1907). 

Assam:  Makum  Forest  (ex  King). 

14.  Magnolia  Griffithii  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I. 
41  (1872).  —  King  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  209,  t.  48,  49  (1891). 

Michelia  Griffithii  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV. 
42  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  42  (1907). 

Assam:  Sylhet  (ex  King). 

15.  MagnoUa  coco  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  459  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  81  (1824). 

Liriodendron  Coco  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  347  (1790). 

Magnolia  pumila  Andrews,  Bot.  Rep.  IV.  t.  226  (1802-1803). —  Ventenat, 
Jard.  Malm.  t.  37  (1803).  —  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  t.  977  (1807).  —  De 
Candolle,  Syst.  I.  453  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  81  (1824).  —  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  II. 
655  (1832).  —  Hance  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  s6r.  5,  V.  205  (Advers.  Stirp.  Crit.  6) 
(1866).  —  Hcmsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  24  (1886).  —  Finet  &  Gagne- 
pain in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  36  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  II.  (1907);  in  Lecomte,  Fl.  Indo-Chine,  I.  36  (1907).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher 
in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  Add.  ser.  X.  28  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong) 
(1912). 

Magnolia?  Coco  De  Candolle  Stjst.  I.  459  (1818);  Prodr.  I.  81  (1824). 

Magnolia?  coco  G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  I.  84  (1831). 

Talauma  pumila  Champion  in  Hooker's  Jour.  Bot.  Kew  Gard.  Misc.  III.  256 
(nonBlumei)  (1851). 

Magnolia  Championi  Bentham,  Fl.  Hongk.  8  (1861). 

Magnolia  pumila,  var.  Championi  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
LII.  Mem.  IV.  36  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  36  (1905). 

1  Talauma  pumila  Blume  from  Java  probably  does  not  belong  here. 


408  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Hongkong.  —  Commonly  cultivated  in  Canton  and  elsewhere  in  southern  China 
and  in  Tonking. 

16.  Magnolia  salicifolia  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XVII. 
419  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  509  (1872).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PL 
Jap.  I.  16  (1875).  —  Sargent  in  Garden  &  Forest,  VI.  65,  fig.  12  (1893);  Forest  Fl. 
Jap.  10,  fig.  4  (1894).  — Sliirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  I.  t.  40,  fig.  18-30  (1900).— 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  39  (1905) ;  Contrih. 
Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  39  (1907).  —  Hesse  in  Holler's  Deutsch.  Gdrtn.-Zeit.  XXV.  542,  fig. 
(1910).— Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LI.  222,  fig.  99  (1912).  — Sprague  in  Bot.  Mag. 
CXXXIX.  t.  8483  (1913). 

Buergeria  salicifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad.  Milnch.  IV.  pt.  2,  187 

{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (1843). 
Talauma?  salicifolia  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  258;  Prol.  Fl.  Jap. 

145  (1865-1866). 

Japan. 

17.  Magnolia  aulacospenna  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  396. 

18.  Magnolia  Biondii  Pampinini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  275 
(1910);  XVIII.  t.  3  (1911). 

Magnolia  obovata  Pavolini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XV.  403  (non 
Thunberg)  (1908). 

China:  Shensi. 

19.  Magnolia  kobus  De  Candolle,  Syst.  I.  456  (1818),  excludendo  sjTionymo: 
Magnolia  gracilis;  Prodr.  I.  81  (1824).  —  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Munch. 
IV.  pt.  II.  187  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  79)  (1843),  excludenda  descriptione.  —  Miquel 
in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  258  {Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  146)  (1865-1866).  —  Maximowicz 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XVII.  417  (pro  parte)  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol. 
VIII.  507  (1872).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  16  (1875).  — Keisuke 
Ito,  Fig.  Descr.  PI.  Bot.  Gard.  Koishikawa,  1. 1.  10  (1884).  — Sargent,  Trees  &  Shrubs, 
II.  57,  t.  126  (1908).  —  Shirasawa,  Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  1.  t.  39,  fig.  1-12  (1900). 
—  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  38  (1905) ;  Contrib. 
Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  38  (1907).  —  Bean  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVIII.  t.  8428  (1912). 

Sini  et  Confusi,  vulgo  Kobus  Kaempfer,  Amoen.  V.  845  (1712). 

Magnolia  glauca,  a.  flore  albo  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  236  (1784),  sjnonymo  Mits- 

mata  et  discriptione  foUorum  exceptis. 
Kobus  Banks,  Icon.  Kaempfer  t.  42  (1791). 
Magnolia  tomentosa  Thunberg  in   Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  II.  336  (1794),  quoad 

synonymum  Kobus;  Icon.  PI.  Jap.  V.  t.  8  (sine  descriptione)   (1805) ;  PI. 

Jap.  Nov.  Sp.  8  (nomen  nudum)  (1824),  secundum  specimen  originale  in 

Herb.  Thunbergiano.^ 
Yulania  Kobus  Spach,  Hist.  Veg.  VII.  467  (1839). 
Magnolia  Thurberi  Parsons  in  Garden,  XIII.  572  (nomen  nudum)  (1878). — 

Hort.  ex  Sargent  in  Garden  &  Forest,  VI.  65  (1893),  quasi  synon.  Magnoliae 

Kobus, 

1  The  description  of  M.  tomentosa  which  refers  only  to  leaves  and  peduncles,  ap- 
plies to  Edgeworthia  papyrifera,  as  Thunberg's  type  specimen  shows,  which  he 
later  named  M.  sericea  {PI.  Jap.  Nov.  Sp.  8  [nomen  nudum]  [1824]).  See  also 
footnote  on  p.  400. 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  MICHELIA  409 

Magnolia  Kohushi  Mayr,  Fremdl.  Wald-  und  Parkhdume,  484,  fig.  207  (1906). 
Japan. 

Magnolia  kobus,  var.  borealis  Sargent,  Trees  &  Shrubs,  II.  57  (1908). 
Magnolia  Kobus  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Pitersbourg,  XVII.  417 
(1872),  quoad  specimina  ex  Hokkaido;  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  507  (1872).  — 
Sargent  in  Garden  &  Forest,  VI.  64,  fig.  11  (1893);  Forest  Fl  Jap.  9,  fig.  3 
(1894). 
Japan:  Hokkaido. 

20.  Magnolia  liliflora  Desrousseaux.    See  p.  402. 

21.  Magnolia  Dawsoniana  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  397. 

22.  Magnolia  Sargentiana  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  398. 
Magnolia  Sargentiana,  var.  robusta  Rehder  &  Wilson,    See  p.  399. 

23.  Magnolia  denudata  Desrousseaux.    See  p.  399. 

Magnolia  denudata,  var.  purpurascens  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  401. 
Magnolia  denudata,  var.  elongata  Rehder  &  Wilson.    See  p.  402. 

24.  Magnolia  stellata  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XVII. 
419  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  509  (1872).  —  Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap. 
I.  15  (1875).  — Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CIV.  t.  6370  (1878).  —  Keisuke  Ito,  i^i^. 
Descr.  PI.  Bot.  Gard.  Koishikawa  I.  t.  11,  12  (1884).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in 
Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  37  (1905);  Contnb.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  37  (1907). 

Buergeria  stellata  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV.  pt.  II.  186 

{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  I.  78)  (1843). 
Talauma  stellata  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  257;  Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  145 

(1865-1866). 
Magnolia  Halleana  Parsons  in  Garden,  XIII.  572,  t.  (1878). 

Japan. 

Magnolia  Campbellii  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f..  III.  Himal.  PI.  t.  4,  5 
(1855);  Fl.  Ind.  I.  77  (1855);  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  41  (1872).  —  Gamble, 
Trees  &  Shrubs  of  Darjeeling,  2  (1877);  Manwil  Ind.  Timbers,  5  (1881).  —  Hooker  f. 
in  Bot.  Mag.  CXI.  t.  6793  (1885).  —  King  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  208 
(1891).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M4m.  IV.  37  (1905); 
Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  37  (1907).  —  Brandis,  Ind.  Trees,  6  (1906). 

Magnolia  Griffith,  Posth.  Papers,  II.  152  (1848);  Icon.  PL  Asiat.  IV.  t.  656 
(1854). 
Temperate  Himalaya:  Bhootan  and  Sikkim. 

MICHELIA  L. 
Michelia  sp. 

Eastern  Szech'uan:  Kai  Hsien,  roadside,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
one  tree  only,  July  1910  (No.  4598;  tree  24  m.  tall,  girth  2.6  m.). 

A  handsome  tree  probably  belonging  to  a  new  species,  but  our  material,  consisting 
only  of  leafy  shoots  and  very  young  carpels,  is  insufficient  for  determination.    The 


410  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

coriaceous  leaves  are  oblong-oblanceolate,  14-15  cm.  long,  abruptly  acute  or  shortly 
acuminate,  narrowed  at  the  base,  shining  green  above  and  glaucescent  and  reticu- 
late beneath  and  sparsely  coated  with  short,  villose  pubescence,  particularly  on  the 
veins;  the  gynaeceum  is  villose.  A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No. 
0200  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs. 


LmiODENDRON  L. 

Liriodendron  chinense  Sargent,  Trees  &  Shrubs,  I,  103,  t.  52 
(1903).  — Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIV.  370  (1903);  in 
Hooker's  Icon.  XXVIII.  t.  2785  (1905). —Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva, 
III.  202  (1905).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubhohk.  I.  340,  fig.  218  d 
(1905).  —  Bean  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLIV.  429,  fig.  175  (1908). 

Ldriodendron  sp.  nov.f  Le  Marchant  Moore  in  Jour.  Bot.  XIII.  225  (1875). 
Liriodendron  Tulipifera,  var.?  chinense  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Ldnn.  Soc.  XXIII.  25 

(1886).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  48 

(1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  48  (1907). 
Liriodendron  Tulipifera,  var.  sinensis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  322  (1900). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  31,  1907  (No.  1630; 
tree  6-12  m.  tall,  girth  0.5-2  m.,  bark  gray,  rough  and  fissured  on 
old  trees);  Kiukiang,  1873,  G.  Shearer.  Western  Hupeh:  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets  and  woodlands,  alt.  1000-1500  m.,  May  19  and 
October  1907  (No.  413,  in  part;  tree  8-16  m.  tall,  girth  0.6-2.3  m., 
flowers  yellow  within,  greenish  without) ;  same  locality,  October  1910 
(No.  413,  in  part;  tree  16  m.  tall,  girth  1.3  m.);  Patung  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  413,  in  part;  tree  6-10  m.  tall);  without 
locahty,  June  and  September,  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1049) ;  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5836^);  Chienshih  Hsien,  A.  Henry  (No.  5836). 

Formerly  this  tree  was  very  abundant  on  the  Lushan  mountains  in  the  neighbor- 
hood of  Kiukiang,  but  all  the  large  trees  have  been  cut  down  and  only  odd  speci- 
mens and  dense  bushes  remain.  In  north-western  Hupeh  it  is  fairly  common  in 
the  moist  woodlands.  Compared  with  the  American  species  the  Chinese  Lirio- 
dendron is  relatively  a  small  tree.  A  colloquial  name  in  Hvipeh  is  "  Wo-chang- 
chiu  "  =  Goose-foot,  which  has  reference  to  the  shape  of  the  leaves.  A  picture  of 
this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  0114  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs. 


KA.DSURA  Juss. 

Kadsura  peltigera  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  scandens  2.5-4  m.  altus,  glaber;  ramuli  teretes,  lenticellati, 
annotini  purpureo-f usci ;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acutae,  perulis  paucis 
ciliatis  persistentibus.   Folia  coriacea,  oblonga  v.  oblongo-oblanceolata, 


MAGNOLIACE  AE .  —  SCHISANDRA  411 

rarius  elliptico-oblonga  v.  elliptico-obovata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata, 
remote  denticulata,  rarius  integra,  5-10  cm.,  plerumque  6-9  cm.  longa 
et  2-4  cm.  lata,  glabra,  supra  atroviridia,  nitida,  subtus  pallide 
viridia,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-15  in  sicco  utrinque  leviter  elevatis, 
venulis  minus  elevatis;  petioli  10-15  cm.  longi.  Flores  axillares,  soli- 
tarii,  lutei,  circiter  2.5  cm.  diam.;  pedicelli  satis  validi,  1-8  cm.,  plerum- 
que 2.5-5  cm.  longi,  leviter  angulati,  recurvi,  bracteis  paucis  ovatis 
acutis  minutis  remotis  instituti;  sepala  numerosa,  exteriora  rainuta, 
orbicularia,  media  et  interiora  late  ovalia  v.  obovata,  8-13  mm.  longa 
et  8-9  mm.  lata,  rotundata,  ciliolata,  brevissime  unguiculata;  andro- 
ecium  subglobosum,  8  mm.  longum  et  7  mm.  diam.;  gynaeceum  sub- 
globosum,  7  mm.  longum  et  6  mm.  diam. ;  carpella  numerosa,  stigmate 
discoideo  circiter  1  mm.  diam.,  appendicibus  ventralibus  lamelli- 
formibus  linearibus.    Fructus  desideratur. 

Kiangsi:  below  Kuling,  thickets,  300  m.,  August  1,  1909  (No. 
1736,  type);  same  locality,  alt.  1300  m.,  among  rocks,  July  28,  1907 
(Nos.  1735,  1737).  Yunnan:  Szemao,  forests,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  A. 
Henry  (Nos.  12312,  12312"^). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  K.  discigera  Finet  &  Gagnepain,  which  has 
triangular  appendages  on  the  carpels,  petals  1.7-2.5  cm.  long  and  1.2  cm.  broad, 
shorter,  non-bracteolate  peduncles  and  larger  leaves;  from  all  the  other  species  it 
differs  in  its  discoid  stigma.  The  specimens  from  Yunnan  have  generally  broader, 
elliptic  to  elliptic-oblong  leaves. 

Kadsura  sp. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yachou  Fu,  thickets,  alt.  800  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1 1 16;  climber  6  m.,  fruit  crimson). 

With  only  leafy  shoots  and  ripe  seeds  it  is  impossible  to  determine  this  specimen. 


SCHISANDRA  Michx. 

Schisandra  grandiflora  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl. 
Brit.  Ind.  I.  44  (1872). —  Gamble,  Trees  &  Shrubs  Darjeeling,  3 
(1877).  — Franchet,  PL  Delavay.  I.  34  (1889).  — King  in  Ann.  Bot. 
Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  219  t.  69  a.  (1891).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  48  (pro  parte)  (1905) ;  Contrib.  Fl.  As. 
Or.  II.  48  (pro  parte)  (1907). 

Kadsura  grandiflora  Wallich,  Tent.  Fl.  Nepal.  10,  t.  14  (1824). 
Sphaerostema  grandiflorum  Blume,  Fl.  Jav.  III.  Fam.  XII.  17  (Schizandreae) 
(1828).  —  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  Fl.  Ind.  1,  84  (1855). 


412  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets  1600-2000  m.,  May  and 
September  1907  (No.  318;  climber  4  m.,  flowers  flesh-pink,  fruit  red); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  Wen-tsao-shan,  alt.  2000  m.,  May  31, 1907  (No.  263, 
flowering  specimens  only;  climber  3-4  m.,  flowers  deep,  fleshy  pink); 
bomidary  of  Fang  and  Hsing-shan  Hsiens,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600 
m.,  Jmie  13,  1910  (No.  4574;  climber  3-6  m.,  flowers  flesh-pink); 
without  locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2085). 

Not  common  in  western  Hupeh  and  we  have  seen  no  specimens  from  western 
Szech'uan. 

Schisandra  rubriflora  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Schizandra  chinensis,  var.  rubriflora  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2, 

VIII.  192  (PI.  David.  II.  10)  (1886). 
Schizandra  grandiflora  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m. 

IV.  48  (pro  parte,  non  Hooker  f .  &  Thompson)  (1905) ;  Contrib.  Ft.  As.  Or. 

II.  48  (1907). 

Frutex  scandens,  3-6  m.  altus;  ramuli  hornotini  glabri,  annotini 
lenticellati,  satis  robusti,  fusco-purpurei  v.  fusco-cinerei ;  gemmae 
ovoideae,  acutae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  acuminulatis  sparse  cili- 
olatis.  Folia  decidua,  obovata  v.  oblongo-obovata,  acuminata,  saepius 
subito,  basi  in  petiolum  attenuata,  sinuato-denticulata,  interdum  fere 
integra,  dentibus  minutis  calloso-mucronatis,  6-15  cm.,  plerumque 
8-12  cm.  longa  et  3-7  cm.,  plerumque  4-6  cm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia, 
subtus  pallide  viridia,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-8  subtus  leviter  elevatis; 
petioli  supra  canaliculati  glabri,  2-4  cm.  longi.  Flores  axillares, 
solitarii,  fusco-rubri,  2-3  cm.  diam.,  in  axillis  perularum  baseos  inno- 
vationum  rarius  in  axillis  foliorum  inferiorum;  pedicelli  graciles,  2-5 
cm.  longi,  glabri;  sepala  in  floribus  masculis  plerumque  5-7,  exteriora 
anguste  obovata,  obtusa,  basi  cuneata,  10  mm.  longa  et  5  mm.  lata, 
interiora  late  obovata,  10-12  mm.  longa  et  7-9  mm.  lata,  rotundata, 
basi  subito  angustata;  sepala  in  floribus  femineis  5,  late  obovata  v. 
suborbicularia,  10-12  mm.  longa  et  8-12  mm.  lata;  androecium  8-10 
mm.  longum;  stamina  10  v.  plura,  4.5-6  mm.  longa,  filamentis  dis- 
tinctis  complanatis  3-4.5  mm.  longis  1  mm.  latis,  antherae  loculis 
marginalibus  connectivo  lato  separatis  apice  obtuso  conniventibus ; 
gynaeceum  conico-ovoideum,  9-10  mm.  longum;  carpella  numerosa, 
distincta,  obovoidea,  circiter  2  cm.  longa,  glabra,  stigmate  sessili 
lato  ciliato.  Fructus  cylindricus,  pendulus,  10-15  cm.  longus,  ker- 
mesinus;  pedicellus  6-8  cm.  longus;  rhachis  carnosa,  rubescens;  car- 
pella subglobosa,  10-12  mm.  diam.;  semina  2  in  quoque  carpello, 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  SCHISANDRA  413 

suborbiculari-reniformia,   leviter   comprcssa,   3-3.5   mm.   lata,   testa 
flavo-brunnea  laevi  nitente. 

Western  Szech'uan  :  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Niu-tou-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  921'',  type);  south-east  of  Ta- 
chien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  921,  in  part); 
near  Mao-chou,  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2100  m.,  May  22,  1908 
(No.  921,  in  part);  Wa-shan,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  September  18,  1908 
(No.  921,  in  part) ;  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
October  1908  (No.  921'');  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  alt. 
2300-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4289). 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  Schisandra  grandiflora  Hooker  f .  &  Thom- 
son, which  has  oblong-lanceolate  leaves,  very  pale,  often  sub-glaucescent  below, 
9-12  white  sepals  and  petals,  obtuse  or  acutish  stamens,  rarely  rounded  at  the 
summit  and  beaked  carpels.  A  picture  of  this  plant  will  be  found  under  No.  356 
of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western 
China,  No.  473. 

Schisandra  Henryi  Clarke  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXVIII.  162, 
fig.  55  (1905).— Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II,  928,  fig.  580 
(1912). 

Schizandra  hypoglauca  L6veill4  in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  459  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 

4722) .    Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  A .  Henry  (No.  6226) . 

This  is  a  rather  rare  species,  easily  recognized  by  its  prominently  winged  shoots, 
by  the  glaucescent  under  surface  of  the  leaves  and  by  the  creamy-yellow  flowers 
on  long  and  slender  pedicels. 

Schisandra  glaucescens  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  323  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  margins  of  woods  and  thick- 
ets, alt.  1300-2300  m.,  May  25  and  September  1907  (No.  164,  in  part; 
cUmber  3-6  m.,  flowers  orange-red,  fruit  scarlet);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1600-2300  m.,  June  2,  1907  (No.  164,  in  part;  climber  3-6  m., 
flowers  orange-red);  same  locality  and  altitude,  October  1907  (No. 
164*;  climber  2-3  m.,  fruit  scarlet);  without  locahty.  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  883);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5478, 
5931,  6383).    Szech'uan:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5725). 

Exceedingly  common  in  rocky  places  everywhere  in  western  Hupeh,  but  not 
reported  from  western  Szech'uan. 

Schisandra  pubescens  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1906,  150. 


414  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
September  1907  (No.  158;  climber  3  m.,  fruits  orange  and  red); 
Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2234,  type). 

This  distinct  and  handsome  species  is  rather  rare. 
Schisandra  sphenanthera  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Schizandra  chinensis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  322  (non  Baillon)  (1900).  — 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  49  (1905); 
Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  11  49  (pro  parte,  non  Baillon)  (1907).  —  Pampanini  in 
Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  275  (1910). 

Frutex  scandens,  3-5-metralis;  ramuli  graciles,  glabri,  fusco-pur- 
purei,  lenticellati ;  gemmae  ovoideae,  obtusae,  squamulis  nitidulis  con- 
spersae,  perulis  paucis  sparse  ciliatis,  inferioribus  persistentibus  parvis. 
Folia  late  obovata  v.  late  ovalia,  interdum  fere  orbicularia,  rarius 
elliptica,  acuminata,  plerumque  breviter  subito  acuminata,  basi  late 
cuneata,  minute  denticulata,  rarius  Integra,  6-10  cm.  longa  et  3-7  cm. 
lata,  supra  atroviridia,  subtus  pallidiora,  glabra;  petioli  supra  sulcati, 
glabra,  2-3  cm.  longa.  Flores  solitarii,  axillares  in  axillis  foliorum 
inferiorum  et  perularum,  1.5-2  cm.  diam.,  extus  virescentes,  intus 
aurantiaci;  pedunculi  graciles,  in  floribus  masculis  2-3.5  cm.  longi, 
in  femineis  3-6  cm.  longi;  sepala  petalaque  circiter  9,  late  ovalia  v. 
oblonga  8-12  mm.  longa  et  3.7  mm.  lata,  obtusa;  androecium  ambitu 
obconicum  apice  fere  applanatum  v.  convexum,  circiter  5  mm.  longum, 
staminibus  10-15,  plus  minusve  inaequalibus  et  irregularibus,  antheris 
cuneato-obovatis  apice  emarginatis  v.  truncatis  rarius  rotundatis  basi 
in  filamentum  brevissimum  attenuatis,  loculis  rectis;  gynaeceum 
conicum,  5  mm.  longum,  carpellis  ovoideis,  punctulatis,  stigmate 
applanato  irregulari.  Fructus  6-8  cm.  longus,  scarletinus;  pedunculus 
3.5-6  cm.  longus;  rhachis  incrassata,  carnosa,  colorata;  carpella  sub- 
globosa  10-12  mm.  diam.,  breviter  stipitata,  plerumque  breviter 
rostrata;  semina  fere  reniformia,  3.5-4.5  lata,  brunnea. 

Western  Hupeh  :  Patung  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  May 
and  September  1907  (No.  313,  type);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May  and  September  1907  (Nos.  2553,  2554,  245); 
Fang  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  September  1907  (No.  263,  fruiting 
specimen  only);  Changyang  Hsien,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
675);  Nanto,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  779);  without  locality, 
April,  June  and  July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  179%  1036,  1968); 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3446,  3469,  4059).    Kiangsi :    Ku- 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  SCHISANDKA  415 

ling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1726).  Eastern 
Szech'uan:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5527»).  Western 
Szech'uan  :  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  and  Septem- 
ber 1908  (No.  866,  in  part) ;  near  Mao-chou,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600 
m.,  May  21,  1908  (No.  866,  in  part);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  September  1908  (No.  866,  in  part);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt. 
1000-1600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  869);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien, 
alt.  1600  m.,  September  1908  (No.  869=^);  Hung-ya  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1300  m.,  September  14,  1908  (No.  897).  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan, 
1910,  W.  Purdom;  "  Monte  di  Kian-san,"  August  1909,  G.  Giraldi. 
Yunnan:  Feng-chen-lin,  south  of  Red  river,  forests,  alt.  2300  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  10697);  Mengtze,  woods,  alt.  1800  m.,  A.  Henry 
(No.  11211);  Szemao,  mountains,  alt.  1600-1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
12022,  12022%  12022 1^). 

This  is  the  common  species  of  Schisandra  in  central  and  western  China  from  the 
river-level  up  to  1600  m.  alt.  It  exhibits  considerable  variation  in  the  size  and  shape 
of  the  leaves,  the  size  of  the  flowers  and  in  the  length  of  the  pedicels.  By  Diels, 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  and  others  it  has  been  confused  with  S.  chinensis  Baillon, 
which  is  confined  to  Manchuria,  Korea  and  Japan,  and  which  is  readily  distinguished 
by  its  5  stamens  with  very  narrow  connectives  and  practically  sessile  anthers. 

Schisandra  sphenanthera  seems  most  nearly  related  to  S.  elongata  Hooker  f.  & 
Thomson,  wliich  differs  chiefly  in  its  subglobose  androecium,  in  its  sessile,  nearly 
equal  and  almost  orbicular  anthers  with  curved  anther-cells  and  a  very  thick  con- 
nective rounded  at  the  apex,  in  its  nearly  orbicular  sepals  and  petals,  and  in  its 
rather  narrower  elliptic-ovate  or  ovate-oblong  leaves.  The  only  Chinese  specimen 
of  S.  elongata  we  have  seen  is  one  collected  by  Mr.  Dunn  in  Fokien  (Herb.  Bot. 
Gard.  Hongkong,  No.  2442);  this  agrees  very  well  with  the  Himalayan  specimens 
before  us,  which  may  or  may  not  be  identical  with  the  typical  Javanese  plant  of 
which  we  have  seen  no  specimen.  In  common  with  other  members  of  this  family 
this  species  is  colloquially  known  in  Hupeh  as  "  Wu-wei-tzu." 

Schisandra  sphenanthera,  var.  pubinervis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipere  foliis  subtus  ad  venas  dense  fulvo-villosis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Monkong  Ting,  thickets,  alt.  2000- 
2300  m.,  June  19,  1908  (No.  2551,  type).  Western  Hupeh:  \^^th- 
out  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6447). 

This  variety  is  readily  distinguished  by  the  short,  curled,  rufous  pubescence  on 
the  under  side  of  the  veins  of  the  leaves.  Henry's  specimen  is  much  less  pubescent 
than  the  type  and  is  in  ripe  fruit.  This  fruit  is  remarkable  for  its  extreme  length 
being  about  20  cm.  long  on  a  peduncle  8  cm.  long. 

Schisandra  sphenanthera,  var.  lancifolia  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  recedit  ramulis  anguste  suberoso-costatis  pallidioribus  lenti- 
cellatis,  foliis  lanceolatis  longe  acuminatis  remote  denticulatis  4-8  cm. 


416  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

longis  et  1.5-2.5  cm.  latis,  venis  venulisque  subtus  conspicuis,  floribus 
minoribus,  pedicellis  tenuioribus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1800  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  2552,  type;  climber,  2-4  m.,  flowers  orange-yellow);  near 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October  1908  (Nos.  1268, 
1268*;  climber,  2-3  m.,  fruit  scarlet);  without  precise  locality,  July 
1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3134). 

This  is  a  very  distinct  variety,  easily  recognized  by  its  narrowly  lanceolate  leaves 
by  the  smaller  flowers  on  slender  pedicels,  and  by  the  narrow,  wavy  ribs  of  the 
branches,  formed  by  a  corky  excrescence;  in  Nos.  1268"  and  3134  the  branches 
are  dark  purple-brown  and  hke  those  of  the  type  only  shghtly  or  not  at  all  ribbed; 
it  is  common  in  the  warm  river  valleys  in  western  Szech'uan. 

Schisandra  propinqua  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit. 
Ind.  I.  45  (1872).— King  in  Ann.  Bot.  Gard.  Calcutta,  III.  220  (1891).— 
Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  51  (1905) ; 
Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  51  (1907). 

Kadsura  propinqua  WaUich,  Fl.  Tent.  Nepal.  II.  t.  15  (1824). 
Sphaerostema  propinquum  Blume,  Fl.  Jav.  III.  Fam.  XII.  16  (Schizandreae) 
(1828).  —  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  Fl.  Ind.  I.  85  (1855). 

Yunnan :  Mengtze,  rocks,  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10719);  Szemao, 
mountains  to  south  and  west,  alt.  1500-1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
11893,  12192). 

No.  10719  in  its  foliage  and  smaller  flowers  shows  an  approach  to  the  variety 
sinensis  from  central  and  western  China. 

Schisandra  propinqua,  var.  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII. 
1. 1715  (1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  322  (1900).  —  Pampanini 
in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  275  (1910). 

Schizandra  propinqua,  var.  linearis  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot. 
France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  51  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  51  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  on  rocks,  alt.  600-1000  m., 
July  and  November,  1907  (No.  485;  climber,  1.5-2  m.,  flowers  yellow- 
ish, fruit  scarlet,  leaves  marbled  with  white) ;  without  locahty,  August 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  1304);  Ichang  and  immediate  neighborhood, 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  1544,  3699,  3961,  6219).  Western  Szech'uan: 
Mupin,  rocky  places,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1070; 
climber,  2-2.3  m.,  fruit  scarlet);  Wa-shan,  roadsides,  alt.  1300  m., 
November  1908  (No.  1268^;  climber  2  m.,  fruit  scarlet). 


MAGNOLIACEAE.  —  TETRACENTRON  417 

The  extreme  forma  of  this  variety  with  Hnear-lanceolate  leaves  look  very  differ- 
ent from  the  type,  but  intermediate  forms  are  common. 

This  variety  is  very  common  in  rocky  places  up  to  1000  m.  alt.  in  central  and 
western  China  where  it  is  known  as  the  "  Hsuch-hu-teng."  The  marbled  leaves  and 
scarlet  fruit  render  this  cUmber  particularly  attractive. 


ILLICIUM   L. 

lUicium  Henryi  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  323  (1900).  —  Finet  & 
Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIT.  Mem.  IV.  28  (1905) ;  Contrib. 
Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  28  (1907).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser. 
XVII.  274  (1910). 

nudum  Silvestrii  Pavolini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XV.  403  (1908).  — 
in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IX.  317  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  300-600  m., 
May  7,  1907  (No.  3086;  bush  0.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  reddish-crimson); 
same  locality,  June  1910  (No.  soSd"*);  same  locality,  May  1907  (No. 
3087,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  dark  red) ;  Ichang,  chffs  in  glens,  300- 
600  m..  May  1907  (No.  3087,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  dark  red); 
without  locality,  April  and  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  431,  603, 
682);  Ichang  and  immediate  neighborhood,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3848, 
3388,  type).  Western  Szech'uan  :  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1300 
m.,  June  1908  (No.  3085;  bush  1.5-2  m.,  flowers  dark  crimson). 
Fokien:  without  locality,  Dunn's  Exped.,  1905  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard. 
Hongkong,  No.  2440). 

This  shrub  is  common  on  the  cliffs  in  the  glens  near  Ichang,  where  it  is  known 
as  the  "  Pa-kou-wei-shu."  It  is  very  floriferous  and  a  very  handsome  shrub.  The 
specimens  from  Mupin  and  Fokien  differ  in  their  10-12  carpels,  but  this  is  hardly 
sufficient  to  warrant  their  separation  as  species  or  even  as  a  variety. 


TETRACENTRON  Oliv. 

Tetracentron  sinense  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.XlX.  1. 1892  (1889).— 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  323  (1900).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain  in  Bull. 
Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  26  (1905);  Contrib.  Fl.  As.  Or.  II.  26 
(1907).  —Bean  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1909,  356,  fig. 

Western  Hupeh  :  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  Novem- 
ber 1907  (No.  659;  tree  13-26  m.  tall,  girth  2-5  m.);  without  locality, 
Jjjjie  and  October  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2156);  without  locality, 


418  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

A.  Henry  (No.  6690).  Western  Szech'uan:  forests,  alt.  1600- 
3000  m.,  common,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  659*,  in  part);  Mupin, 
woods,  alt.  1600-3000  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  659*,  in  part; 
tree  6-33  m.,  tall);  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  July  and 
October  1908  (No.  659,  in  part;  tree  6-23  m.  tall,  girth  1-6  m.); 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  Pan-lan-shan,  alt.  2000-3000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4328,  in  part;  tree  20-26  m.  tall,  girth  2-5  m.); 
Chien-chi  Hsien,  summit  of  Fei-yueh-ling,  alt.  3000  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4328,  in  part;  tree  20  m.  tall,  girth  4  m.);  Mt.  Omei,  July  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  4721).  Shensi :  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom 
(Nos.  669,  670).  Yunnan:  south  of  Red  River  from  Manmei,  alt. 
2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9744);  Feng-chen-lin  mountain,  forests,  alt. 
2000-2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9744"). 

In  the  forests  of  central  and  western  China  this  handsome  tree  is  only  surpassed 
in  size  by  Cercidiphyllum.  It  is  very  abundant  in  western  Szech'uan,  but  is  less  com- 
mon in  Hupeh.  It  selects  moist  slopes  and  bottom-lands  in  the  neighborhood  of 
mountain  streams  and  makes  a  much-branched,  rather  flat-headed  tree,  16-30  m.  tall, 
with  a  girth  of  4-6  m.  The  bark  is  nearly  smooth,  persistent,  pale  gray  or  rufous- 
gray  according  to  situation;  the  wood  is  white,  brittle  and  of  little  value.  A  picture 
of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  121  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs 
and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  484. 


CALYCANTHACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

MERATIA  Lois.i 

Meratia  praecox  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Calycanthus  praecox  Linnaeus,  Sp.  ed.  2,  718  (1762).  —  Curtis  in  Bot.  Mag. 

XIII.  t.  466  (1799). 
Meratia  fragrans  Loiseleur,  Herb.  Amat.  III.  173  t.  (1818). 
Chimonanihus  fragrans  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  VI.  t.  451  (1820).  —  Franchet  & 

Savatier,   Enum.   PI.  Jap.  I.   15   (1875).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.   Linn.  Sac. 

XXIII.  22  (1886).  — Dials  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  345  (1900).  —  Finet  & 

Gagnepain  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  M6m.  IV.  22  (1907);  Contrib.  Fl. 

As.  Or.  II.  22  (1907).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  Add. 

ser.  X.  27  {Fl.  Kwantung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 
Chimonanthus  praecox  Link,  Enum.  PI.  Hort.  Berol.  II.  66  (1822).  —  Schneider, 

III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  346,  fig.  221  a-d  (1905).  — Makino  in  Tofcyo  Bot. 

Mag.  XXIV.  300  (1910). 
Butneria  praecox  Schneider  in  Dendr.  Winterstud.  241  (1903). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cliffs  in  glens  and  gorges,  alt.  30-300  m., 
common,  June  1907  (fruits),  January  1908  (flowers)  (No.  36;   bush 

»  Meratia  Loiseleur,  Herb.  Amat.  III.  173,  t.  (1818).  —  Nees  von  Esenbeck  in 
Act.  Nov.  Leop.-Carol.  Acad.  XI.  107,  t.  10  (1823). 

Chimonanthus  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  V.  sub   t.   404  (1819).  — De  Candolle 

Prodr.  III.  2  (1828).  — G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  II.  652  (1832).  —  Spach,  Hist. 

Veg.  IV.  284  (1835).  — Endlicher,  Gen.  1239  (1840).  — Bentham  &  Hooker, 

Gen.  I.  16  (1862). 

Calycanthus,  sect.  Chimonanthus  Prantl  in  Engler  and  Prantl,  Nat.  PJlanzen- 

fam.  III.  Abt.  II.  94  (1888). 

Though  the  generic  name  Meratia  was  published  with  a  full  generic  and  specific 

description  accompanied  by  a  plate  more  than  a  year  before  Chimonanthus  of 

Lindley,  it  has  been  generally  overlooked  and  is  not  even  quoted  as  a  sjiionym 

in  many  taxonomic  works.    At  first  sight  the  priority  of  Meratia  is  not  apparent, 

as  the  volume  in  which  it  is  published  is  dated  1819  on  the  title-page,  as  is  the  case 

in  the  volume  which  contains  the  description  of  Chimonanthus.    Loiseleur's  Herbier 

general  de  Vamaleur,  however,  was  issued  in  96  parts  (livraisons),  each  containing 

6  plates  with  descriptions,  and  part  XXIX.  which  included  the  description  of 

Meratia  under  No.  173,  was  issued  in  or  before  July  1818  according  to  the  Biblio- 

graphie  de  la  France,  ann6e  1818,  p.  437  (in  the  monthly  number  of  July  25, 1818), 

while  Chimonanthus  was  not  published  before  October  1819,  which  is  the  date 

given  on  the  plate  404  itsc^lf.    With  this  evidence  we  are  obliged  to  take  up  Meratia 

as  the  oldest  name  for  the  genus  based  on  Calycanthus  praecox  Linnaeus. 

til9 


420  WILSON    EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow,  fragrant) ;  same  locality  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  1753  as  to  fruits);  Ichang  and  immediate  neighborhood,  A. 
Henry  (No.  3565).  Chili:  Tang-shan,  Hot  springs,  October  1905, 
F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  216). 

This  shrub,  the  "  La-mei-hwa  "  of  the  Chinese,  is  abundant  on  the  cliffs  in  the 
glens  and  gorges  around  Ichang  and  westwards  into  Szech'uan.  This  is  the  real 
home  of  this  plant  which  is  only  cultivated  in  Japan  as  Makino  and  others  have 
pointed  out.  Under  the  vernacular  name  of  Obai  Robai  it  is  well  figured  in  Kaemp- 
fer's  Ai7ioen.  Exot.  878,  t.  879  (1712). 

Meratia  praecox,  var.  grandifiiora  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Chimonanthus  fragrans,  var.  grandiflora  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  VI.  t.  451  (1820). 
Chimonanthus  praecox,  var.  grandiflorus  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIV. 
301  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cultivated,  January  1908  (No.  36^); 
same  locality,  also  cultivated,  December  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1753;  flowers  only). 

This  variety  has  much  larger,  brighter  colored  flowers  than  the  type  and  is  a 
favorite  shrub  in  the  gardens  of  wealthy  Chinese.  It  is  propagated  by  layering 
and  by  grafting  on  the  wild  type. 

A  second  species  of  this  genus  occurs  in  central  China: 
Meratia  nitens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Chimonanthus  nitens  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  X.  t.  1600  (1887). 
Calycanthus  nitens  Rehder  in  Bailey,  Cycl.  Am.  Hort.  I.  223  (1900). 


HAMAMELIDACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

LIQUIDAMBAR  L. 

Liquidambar  formosana  Hance  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat,  s^r.  5,  V.  215 
(1866);  in  Jour.  Bot.  V.  110  (1867);  VIII.  274  (1870).  —  Oliver  in 
Hooker's  Icon.  XI.  14,  t.  1020  (1867-1871).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXIII.  291  (1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  379  (1900).  — 
Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  288  (1910).— 
Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add.  ser.  X.  101  (1912). 

Liquidambar  acerifolia  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PMersbourg,  X. 

486  (1866). 
Liquidambar  sp.  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Bot.  XIV.  207  (1876). 
Liquidambar  Maximowiczii  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  200  (1877).  — 

Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  VII.  167  (1884-1885). 
Liquidambar  formosana,  var.  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  291  (1887). 

Kiangsi:  foot-hills  around  Kiukiang,  alt.  300  m.,  August  1907 
(No.  1628;  tree,  16-20  m.  tall,  bark  grey,  fissured);  Kuling  thickets, 
alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  1629;  small  tree,  5  m.  tall).  Western 
Hup  eh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands  and  open  country, 
alt.  30-1000  m.,  April  and  November  1907  (No.  513,  tree  16-40  m. 
tall,  girth  2-4  m.,  bark  on  young  trees  smooth,  greyish-white  becom- 
ing fissured  and  dark  with  age) ;  without  locality,  April  and  November 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  218);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5218, 
1630).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No. 
5218^).  Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor. 
Kwangtung:  North  River,  September  1866,  Hance  (No.  11209  in 
part);  West  River,  Sai-chu-shan,  February  1869,  Sampson  (Herb. 
Hance  No.  11209,  in  part).  Formosa:  1864,  R.  Oldham  (No.  881); 
Tamsiu,  Morse  ex  A.  Henry  (No.  425);  Taitum,  May  6,  1903,  U. 
Faurie  (No.  45).    Cultivated  in  Japan. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  widely  distributed  trees  in  China,  being  found  in  all  the 
warm-temperate  parts  from  Formosa  in  the  east  to  the  confines  of  Thibet  in  the 
west  and  Kwangtung  in  the  south.  It  is  particularly  abundant  in  western  Hupeh 
up  to  1000  m.  alt.  and  this  region  is  probably  the  center  of  its  greatest  distribution. 

421 


422  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

In  western  Szech'uan  it  is  rather  rare,  but  occurs  around  Mt.  Omei  and  in  the  pre- 
fecture of  Yachou  Fu.  It  is  a  handsome  tree  20-40  m.  tall,  with  straight  trunk,  a 
much-branched  head,  and  frequently  buttressed  roots.  The  leaves  turn  to  a  warm 
chestnut-brown  or  red  in  autumn  and  are  retained  late  into  the  winter.  It  ia 
known  colloquially  in  Hupeh  as  the  Feng  Hsiang  tree. 

In  juvenile  plants,  either  seedlings  or  shoots  rising  from  the  stumps  of  felled 
trees,  the  stems  and  petioles  are  villose,  often  densely  so;  the  leaves  are  pal- 
mately  5-lobed  with  a  broadly  cordate  base  and  villose  below;  the  lobes  are  some- 
what narrowed  to  the  base,  acute,  rarely  shortly  acuminate.  Adventitious  branchea 
which  develop  on  old  trees  after  severe  pruning  also  have  these  same  hairy  stems  and 
leaves.  In  adult  trees  the  branchlets  and  petioles  are  glabrous;  the  leaves  smaller, 
3-lobed,  with  a  cordate  or  more  rarely  truncate  base  and  are  glabrescent  below;  the 
lobes  are  divaricate,  widening  to  the  base  and  long  acuminate. 

Hance  (Jour.  Bot.  V.  110,  1867)  has  drawn  attention  to  this  remarkable  differ- 
ence between  the  leaves  and  shoots  in  juvenile  and  adult  trees  of  this  species  and 
we  can  abundantly  confirm  his  observations.  In  Kiangsi  province  and  other  places 
the  timber  is  used  for  tea-chests,  but  we  never  heard  that  it  was  used  for  this 
purpose  in  western  Hupeh. 

Pictures  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  Nos.  38,  497,  480,  481,  532,  045,  0182 
of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  295- 
299. 

Liquidambar  formosana,  var.  monticola  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  foliisque  semper  glabris  foliis  subtus  glau- 
cescentibus  basi  truncatis  rarius  subcordatis,  in  plantis  juvenilibus 
tantum  plerumque  cordatis.  Arbor  16-25  m.  altus  trunco  circuitu 
2-3  m. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt,  600- 
1200  m.,  rare,  May  and  November  1907  (No.  795,  type).  Eastern 
Szech'uan:  Taning  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1600  m.,  July  1910  (No. 
795"). 

This  distinct  variety  is  common  in  moist  woods  in  north-eastern  Szech'uan, 
more  especially  in  Taning  Hsien,  but  is  rare  in  western  Hupeh.  We  at  first  took 
it  for  a  distinct  species,  but  on  closer  examination  we  can  find  no  essential  differences 
in  the  flower  or  fruit.  The  glabrous  character  is  fixed  and  constant  as  seedlings 
raised  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  as  well  as  field  observations  prove.  Seedling  plants 
of  the  type  and  this  variety  growing  side  by  side  look  remarkably  different,  but  in 
the  adult  trees  the  distinctions  are  much  less  apparent  and  in  the  herbarium  it  is 
diflScult  to  distinguish  between  them.  The  variety  scarcely  grows  to  as  large  a 
size  as  the  type,  and  it  is  a  much  hardier  tree. 

A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  0181  of  Wilson's  photographs.^ 

*  There  may  be  added  the  description  of  a  new  species  from  Yunnan  of  the 
closely  allied  genus  Altingia  Noronha. 

Altingia  yunnanensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-6-metrali3,  sed  altitudinem  ingentem  trunco  4  m.  diam.  attingere 
dicitur;  ramuli  hornotini  glaberrimi,  annotini  pallide  brunnei.  Folia  in  apice 
ramulorum    fructiferorum    congesta,    subcoriacea,    elliptico-ovata    v.    elliptico- 


HAMAMELIDACEAE.  —  DISTYLIUBI  423 


DISTYLIUM  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Distylium  chinense  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  380  (1900).— 
Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  t.  2835  (1907).  —  Fedde,  Rep. 
Nov.  Sp.  V.  340  (1908). 

Distylium  racemosum,  var.  chinense  Franchet  apud  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXIII.  290  (1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  on  rocks,  sides  of  streams,  alt.  30-300 
m.,  March  15,  1907  (No.  2961;  bush  0.5-1.5  m.  tall);  vicinity  of 
Ichang,  sandy  and  rocky  places,  alt.  30-300  m.,  April  1907  (No.  3537; 
fluviatile  shrub,  0.5-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  red);  without  locality,  April 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  115);  Ichang  and  immediate  neighbourhood, 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  3314,  3826,  4280,  7805). 

This  is  one  of  the  most  common  river-bank  shrubs  in  western  Hupeh  and 
eastern  Szech'uan,  but  does  not  ascend  above  600  m.  alt.  In  sand  and  shingle  and 
on  rocks  it  forms  a  dense  scrub,  often  covering  considerable  stretches  of  the  river 
banks.  The  leaves  vary  somewhat  in  size  and  may  be  quite  entire  or  rather 
deeply  toothed  in  the  upper  half;  the  deep  red  or  crimson  anthers  are  conspicuous 
when  the  plant  is  in  flower.  Pictures  of  this  tree,  called  Shih-tou-koutzu  by  the 
Chinese,  will  be  found  under  Nos.  8  and  491  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in 
his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  206  and  207. 

oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  rarius  rotundata,  9-13  cm.  longa  et  5-6 
cm.  lata,  margine  leviter  revoluta,  remote  serrulata  dentibus  fere  ad  mucronem 
brunneum  reductis,  utrinque  glabra,  supra  obscure  viridia,  subtus  paullo  palli- 
diora,  utrinsecus  nervis  5-8  adscendentibus  anastomosantibus  ut  costa  media  sub- 
tus elevatis;  petioli  validi,  1.5-2  cm.  longi;  stipulae  subulatae,  tenues,  caducae, 
2-5  mm.  longae.  Capitula  fructifera  axillaria,  subterminalia,  solitaria,  pedunculo 
glabro  5-6.5  cm.  longo  sustenta,  globosa,  2.5-3  cm.  diam.;  capsulae  ligneae,  extus 
fulvo-tomentosulae,  intus  atrobrunncae,  5-8  mm.  longae,  stylo  persistent!  2-4  mm. 
longo  coronatae. 

Yunnan  :  Mengtze,  forests  to  the  south-east,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10395, 
type);  same  locality,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  11082). 

Allied  to  A.  excelsa  Noronha  which  has  pubescent  young  shoots,  more  mem- 
branous, rather  differently  shaped,  more  deeply  serrated  leaves,  longer  petioles 
and  smaller  fruits  with  much  shorter  persistent  styles,  being  in  fact  nearly  smooth. 

No.  11082  which  belongs  to  the  same  species  is  "  said  to  be  an  enormous  tree 
12  ft.  in  diameter,  flowers  found  on  the  ground."  This  specimen  consists  of 
branches  having  young  leaves  and  detached  male  inflorescences.  The  leaves  and 
shoots  are  perfectly  glabrous;  the  serrations  more  prominent  than  in  the  older 
leaves;  the  inflorescences  are  narrowly  paniculate,  6-8  cm.  long,  the  rhachis  covered 
with  short  yellowish  crisped  pubescence. 


424  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

CORYLOPSIS   Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Corylopsis  sinensis  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  18, 
fig.  12  (1906);  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  t.  2820,  fig.  17-20  (1906).— 
Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  IV.  363  (1907). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk.  II.  955,  fig.  587  a,  588  a-c  (1912). 

Corylopsis  spicata  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Ldnn.  Soc.  XXIII.  290  (non  Siebold  & 
Zuccarini)  (1887). 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  abundant,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1556;  bush  2-4  m.  tall).  Western  Hupeh  :  Changyang  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt,  1300-2000  m.,  April  1907  (No.  173^  bush  2-2.5  m. 
tall,  flowers  primrose-yellow,  fragrant);  same  locahty,  alt.  2000  m., 
April  and  October  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  65  and  seed  No.  448); 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5854).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  Nan- 
ch'uan,  "Chanchia-shan,"  July  24,  1891,  A.  von  Bosthorn  (No.  32). 

This  species  is  very  abundant  around  Kuling  and  fairly  common  in  western 
Hupeh.  The  leaf  characters  are  variable  and  so  is  the  degree  of  hairiness  of  the 
shoots.  Stipitate  glands  are  usually  to  be  found  scattered  through  the  villose 
tomentum  on  the  petioles,  young  shoots,  and  occasionally  on  the  under  surface 
of  the  leaves,  but  vary  greatly  in  number  and  are  often  lacking.  The  fruits  are 
nearly  globose,  about  8  mm.  in  diameter,  sessile  or  subsessile,  crowded  into  a  short 
spicate  raceme,  villose  and  at  the  summit  glabrescent.  The  seeds,  when  ripe,  are 
jet  black,  as  they  are  in  every  other  species  of  the  genus. 

Corylopsis  sinensis,  var.  glandulifera  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Corylopsis  glandulifera  Hemsley  in  Hooker^ s  Icon.  XXIX.  t.  2818  (1906).  — 
Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  V.  266  (1908).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 
II.  957,  fig.  588  m-o.  (1912). 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  29,  1907  (No.  i555; 
bush  2-2.5  m.  tall).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  "Lao- 
titzu,"  September  19,  1891,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  966). 

The  glandular  character  on  which  Hemsley  relied  in  establishing  his  species 
cannot  be  depended  on,  as  it  is  also  found  in  the  typical  C.  sinensis  Hemsley.  A 
comparison  of  Hemsley's  figures  shows  the  floral  structure  to  be  identical  in  his  two 
species.  The  glabrous  character  of  the  ovary  and  calyx  seems  to  us  the  only  dis- 
tinguishing feature  of  var.  glandulifera,  and  the  only  one  by  which  we  can  sep- 
arate it  from  the  type.  The  fruit  is  similar  in  size  and  shape  to  that  of  the  type, 
but  glabrous  and  usually  subsessile. 

Corylopsis  sinensis,  var.  calvescens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  praecipue  differt  ramulis  foliisque  glabrescentibus. 
Frutex  1.5-3  m.  altus,  ramulis  hornotinis  glabris  v.  fere  glabris. 
Folia  late  ovata  v.  oblongo-ovata,  acuta  v.  acuminata,  basi  cordata 


HAMAMELIDACEAE.  —  CORYLOPSIS  425 

V.  rhomboideo-obovata,  breviter  subito  acuminata,  basi  truncata, 
saepe  obliqua  dentata  dentibus  aristatis,  supra  glabra,  subtus  sub- 
glaucescentia  et  venis  sericeo-pilosis  exceptis  glabra;  petioli  sericei  et 
saepe  stipitato-glandulosi.  Capsulae  dense  villosae  et  quam  in  typo 
paullo  majores. 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  common,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1554). 

The  glabrescent  character  of  the  leaves  and  shoots  readily  distinguish  this  variety. 

Corylopsis  Veitchiana  Bean  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8349 
(1910).  — Beckett  in  Garden  LXXVI.  184  (1912).  —  Schneider,  III. 
Handh.  Lauhholzk.  II.  955,  fig.  587  b,  588  d-g  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000 
m.,  April  and  June  1907  (No.  173,  in  part;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers 
primrose-yellow,  fragrant);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m. 
August  1907  (No.  173,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.  tall). 

This  pretty  species  is  fairly  common  in  western  Hupeh  in  thickets  and  margins 
of  woods.    The  beauty  of  its  fragrant  flowers  is  heightened  by  the  red  anthers. 

The  fruit,  which  has  not  been  described  before,  is  sessile  and  crowded,  7-9  mm. 
long,  8-10  mm.  wide,  densely  villose,  becoming  glabrescent  when  ripe. 

Corylopsis  Willmottiae  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-4-metralis  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  glabri,  anno- 
tini  pallide  brunnei,  minute  lenticellati.  Folia  ovalia  v.  obovata, 
interdum  late  ovata,  subito  breviter  acuminata,  basi  cordata  v. 
truncata,  sinuato-denticulata  dentibus  parvis  ad  mucronem  fere  re- 
ductis,  4-10  cm.  longa  et  2-8  cm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia,  nitentia, 
glabra,  subtus  pallidiora,  leviter  glaucescentia,  subtus  ad  nervos  initio 
sericeo-pilosa  ceterum  glabra,  maturitate  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  nervis 
utrinsecus  7-10  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  6-25  mm.,plerumque  10-15 mm. 
longi,  glabri  v.  glabrescentes,  interdum  parce  stipitato-glandulosi; 
stipulae  innovationum  oblongae  v.  ovato-oblongae,  1-2.5  cm.  longae, 
acutae,  ciliolatae,  extus  glabrae,  intus  sericeae,  saepe  purpurascentes. 
Racemi  6-7  cm.  longi;  pedunculus  1.5-2  cm.  longus,  ut  rhachis  vil- 
losus;  calyx  glaber,  tubo  brevi  late  turbinato  sepalis  late  triangularibus 
V.  ovalibus  circiter  1  mm.  longis  subaequilongo;  nectaria  bifida,  sepalis 
paullo  breviora;  petala  staminaque  non  visa;  ovarium  glabrum  semi-in- 
ferum,  stylo  circiter  4  mm.  longo,  stigmate  recurvo.  Capsula  6-9  mm. 
diam.,  semi-infera,  glabra,  pallide  brunnea;  semina  ovoidea,  circiter 
4  mm.  longa,  obtusa,  nigra,  hilo  albo  conspicuo  notata. 


426  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
2000-2300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1316,  type);  west  and 
near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  July  1908  (No. 
2275);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4406);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  September 
1910  (No.  4224). 

This  species  is  distinguished  by  its  glabrous  calyx  and  ovary  and  by  the  leaves 
being  hairy  on  the  veins  only.  In  this  respect  it  resembles  C.  Henryi  Hemsley  and 
C.  muUiflora  Hance,  but  the  first  differs  from  it  in  its  perfectly  free,  elongated  ovary 
and  ovate-oblong  sepals,  and  the  second  in  its  entire  nectaries  and  indistinctly 
toothed  calyx.  It  seems  more  closely  related  to  C.  sinensis  Hemsley,  which  differs, 
however,  in  the  pubescent  cuneate  leaves  and  in  the  usually  pubescent  calyx  and 
ovary,  and  to  C.  Veiichiana  Bean  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  densely 
pubescent  calyx  and  ovary  and  larger  fruit.  Our  material  consists  of  old  flowers 
from  which  the  petals  and  stamens  have  fallen,  and  of  fruiting  specimens  only. 
No.  4224  differs  slightly  in  having  most  of  the  leaves  nearly  orbicular  and  the 
apex  of  the  shoot  and  the  young  leaves  on  the  under  surface  hairy  all  over;  the 
older  leaves,  however,  are  glabrous.  Young  seedlings  sometimes  exhibit  this  same 
phenomenon  as  is  shown  by  specimens  before  us,  raised  from  No.  1316. 

This  new  species  is  very  floriferous  and  quite  common  in  the  margins  of  woods 
and  thickets  throughout  western  Szech'uan.  We  have  pleasure  in  naming  it  for 
Miss  Ellen  Willmott,  who  exhibited  a  plant  of  it  before  the  Royal  Horticultural 
Society  of  London  on  March  5,  1912,  under  the  erroneous  name  of  C.  muUiflora. 
The  flowers  were  described  as  bright  yellow  and  very  fragrant.  A  photograph  of 
this  plant  is  reproduced  under  the  same  name  in  Gardeners'  Magazine  LV.  191. 

Corylopsis  platypetala  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2.5  m.  altus  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuH  hornotini  glabri  pilis 
sparsis  glanduliferis  exceptis,  annotini  pallide  flavo-cinerei,  minute 
lenticellati,  vetustiores  pallide  brunneo-grisei;  gemmae  glabrae.  Folia 
decidua,  ovata  v.  late  ovata,  basi  cordata  v.  subcordata,  breviter 
acuminata,  sinuato-denticulata  dentibus  fere  ad  mucronem  reductis, 
4.5-10  cm.  longa  et  4-7  cm.  lata,  utrinque  initio  sparse  sericeo-pilosa, 
mox  glabra,  supra  obscure  viridia,  subtus  glaucescentia,  nervis  utrin- 
secus  6-10  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  sparse  stipitato- 
glandulosi,  interdum  glabri;  stipulae  oblongae  v.  oblongo-spatulatae, 
2-3  cm.  longae,  acutae,  extus  glabrae,  intus  sericeo-pilosae.  Flores 
pallide  flavi,  fragrantes,  in  racemis  8-20-floris;  pedunculus  glaber  v. 
fere  glaber,  1.5-2  cm.  longus;  rhachis  laxe  pilosa,  pedunculo  subaequi- 
longa  V.  paullo  longior;  bracteae  oblongae,  concavae,  5  mm,  longae, 
villosae;  calyx  glaber,  tubo  late  turbinato  circiter  1  mm.  longo,  lobis 
ovalibus  obtusis  tubo  vix  longioribus  flavescentibus;  petala  dolabri- 
formia,  flava,  lamina  reniformi  3-4  ram.  lata  latiore  quam  longa, 
breviter  unguiculata;  nectaria  plerumque  simpHcia,  sepalis  breviora; 


HAMAMELIDACEAE.  —  FORTUNE  ARIA  427 

stamina  petalis  multo  brcviora,  incurva,  filamentis  apicem  versus  dila- 
tatis  glabris,  antheris  globosis;  ovarium  glabrum;  styli  recti,  staminibus 
breviores,  glabri,  stigmata  obliquo  pauUo  incrassato.  Capsula  glabra, 
7-9  mm.  longa  et  6-8  mm.  diam.;  semina  ovalia,  leviter  compressa, 
4-5  mm.  longa,  obtusa,  nigra,  hilo  albido. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  margins  of  woods,  alt.  IGOO- 
2300  m..  May,  June  and  August  1907  (No.  184). 

From  all  other  species  C.  platypetala  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  very  broad 
hatchet-shaped  petals.  It  is  perhaps  nearest  to  C.  hivialayana  Griffith,  which  has, 
however,  differently  shaped  petals,  a  villose  ovary  and  curved  divergent  styles; 
the  leaves,  too,  of  the  two  species  are  very  different. 

This  new  species  is  a  common  shrub  in  the  thickets  and  margins  of  woods 
throughout  north-western  Hupeh. 

Corylopsis  platypetala,  var.  levis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  glandularum  defectu,  ramulis  annotinis  brunneis 
v.  fusco-brunneis,  capsulis  paullo  minoribus  leviter  glaucescentibus. 
Flores  ignoti. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  1300-2500  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1020,  type);  near 
Mao-chou,  Chiu-ting-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m..  May  22,  1908 
(No.  2272);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-hng,  alt.  1300-2600  m..  May 
1908  (2273);  Mupin,  thickets,  2000-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2274). 

In  the  absence  of  flowers  the  characters  which  separate  this  variety  from  the 
type  are  comparatively  slight,  but  it  occupies  a  different  geographical  range  and 
considering  the  fact  that  all  species  and  varieties  of  this  genus  are  rather  local  we 
have  thought  it  advisable  to  separate  the  Szech'uan  plant  from  the  type  which 
has  been  collected  only  in  Hupeh.  This  plant  is  in  cultivation,  and  when  it  flowers 
its  taxonomic  rank  can  be  more  accurately  determined.  None  of  the  Herbarium 
specimens  have  any  trace  of  glands,  but  the  seedlings  have  a  few  stipitate  glands  on 
the  young  shoots  and  petioles;  glands  probably  occur  more  or  less  frequently  on 
all  the  species. 

FORTUNEARIA  Rehd.  &  Wils. 

Fortunearia  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  gen. 

Calyx  tubo  turbinato  brevi,  lobis  5  triangularibusbrevibusdeciduis; 
petala  5,  subulata,  sepalis  subaequilonga;  stamina  5,  filamentis  brevis- 
simis,  antheris  basifixis  fere  sessilibus  ovoideis  valvis  2  lateralibus 
longitudinaliter  dehiscentibus;  ovarium  semi-inferum,  biloculare,  ovulis 
in  quoque  loculo  solitariis  penduHs;  styli  2,  liberi,  elongati,  filiformes, 
revoluti,  stigmatibus  simplicibus.  Capsula  lignescens,  semi-supera, 
bivalvis,  ultra  medium  loculicide  dehiseens  valvis  apice  bifidis;  endo- 


428  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

carpium  corneum,  ab  exocarpio  solutum;  semina  oblongo-ovoidea, 
testa  ossea,  atrobrunnea,  nitida,  basi  hilo  albido  transverso  exsculpto 
notata;  albumen  tenue;  embryo  rectus,  cotyledonibus  foliaceis  amplis 
margine  sigmoideo-recurvis  basi  subcordatis,  radicula  brevi  ad  hilum 
spectante.  —  Frutex  stellato-pubescens  foliis  deciduis  serratis  petio- 
latis,  stipulis  parvis  deciduis,  floribus  coetaneis  in  racemos  terminales 
dispositis  breviter  pedicellatis  parvis  bracteis  bracteolisque  parvis 
caducis  institutis,  capsula  pedicello  incrassato  insidente,  ovoidea, 
apice  basibus  stylorum  persistentibus  coronata,  lenticellata. 

Genus  novum  Sinowilsoniae  et  Corylopsi  affine:  a  priori  cui  habitu 
et  foliis  simillimum  praecipue  calycis  tubo  turbinato  quam  ovarium 
breviori,  petalis  subulatis,  cotyledonibus  amplioribus  margine  recurvis 
bene  distincta;  a  posteriori  cui  florum  structura  arctius  affine,  defectu 
disci,  petalis  minutis,  antheris  sessilibus,  capsula  apice  attenuata  nee 
truncata,  lenticellata,  cotyledonibus  amplis  margine  recurvis,  foliorum 
indumento,  forma,  nervatione  valde  differt. 

Species  unica  Chinae  centralis  incola. 

This  new  Chinese  genus  is  named  for  the  late  Robert  Fortune  whose  travels 
in  China  and  Japan,  from  1843-1861  resulted  in  important  additions  to  our  knowl- 
edge of  the  far  eastern,  and  particularly  the  Chinese  flora  and  enriched  our  garden 
with  a  large  number  of  highly  ornamental  plants.  Lindley  in  1846  (in  Jour.  Hort. 
Soc.  I.  150)  named  a  Chinese  plant  Fortunaea  chinensis,  but  the  same  plant  had 
been  previously  described  by  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  as  Platycarya  strobilacea. 

Fortunearia  closely  resembles  in  foliage  and  habit  Sinowilsonia,  which  differs 
chiefly  in  its  tubular  calyx-tube  several  times  longer  than  the  ovary  and  en- 
closing it,  by  the  absence  of  petals,  the  larger  spatulate  sepals,  sessile  flowers 
and  the  flat  cotyledons.  In  the  structure  of  its  flowers  it  seems  most  closely  re- 
lated to  Corylopsis,  which  ,however,  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  presence  of  a 
disk,  large  petals,  stamens  with  long  filaments,  truncate,  not  lenticellate  capsules, 
flat  cotyledons  and  by  the  nervation,  shape  and  pubescence  of  the  leaves. 

In  some  specimens  collected  in  autumn  we  find  terminal  on  short  branchlets 
a  few  peculiar  naked  oblong  aments,  only  5-6  mm.  long  and  resembling  short 
staminate  catkins  of  Corylus.  The  flowers  of  these  aments  contain  in  this  stage 
well-developed  anthers  and  in  the  centre  a  rudimentary  ovary  consisting  of  a  two- 
pointed  body  only  about  one-third  as  long  as  the  stamens;  whether  this  rudimen- 
tary ovary  will  develop  into  a  normal  pistil  the  following  spring  or  will  remain 
rudimentary,  cannot  now  be  determined.  In  the  latter  case  Fortunearia  would 
turn  out  to  be  an  andromonoecious  genus  like  Sinowilsonia,  but  neither  in  this 
genus  nor  in  Distylium  have  similar  naked  autumnal  aments  been  described  and 
we  have  searched  in  vain  numerous  specimens  of  these  two  genera  for  such  aments. 
For  the  solution  of  the  question  regarding  the  character  of  these  aments  we  shall 
probably  have  to  wait  until  the  plants  now  growing  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  and 
in  other  gardens  flower. 

Fortunearia  sinensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.50-2  m.  altus,  ramis  erectis;  ramuli  hornotini,  initio  sparse 


HAMAMELIDACEAE.  —  SINOWILSONIA  429 

stellato-pilosi,  mox  glabrescentes,  annotini  et  vetustiores  pallide 
cinereo-brunnci,  vix  lenticellati;  gemmae  breviter  stipitatae,  stellato- 
tomentosae,  eperulatae.  Folia  membranacea,  obovata  v.  obovato- 
oblonga,  breviter  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  truncata,  inaequaliter 
sinuato-denticulata  dentibus  saepe  mucroniformibus,  7-14  cm.  longa 
et  3.5-8.5  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  initio  sparsissime  fasciculato- 
pilosa,  mox  glabrescentia  costa  media  densius  fasciculato-pilosa  ex- 
cepta,  subtus  pallidiora,  ad  nervos  dense  fasciculato-pilosa  ceterum 
fere  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-10  subtus  elevatis  trabeculis  elevatis 
conjunctis;  petioli  dense  fascicuIato-tomentosi,4-8  mm.  longi.  Racemi 
in  ramis  2-3-foliatis  terminales,  erecti  4-6  cm.  longi,  pedunculo  1-1.5 
cm.  longo  fasciculato-piloso  insidentes;  rhachis  laxe  stellato-tomentosa; 
pedicelli  1-2  mm.  longi,  sparse  stellato-pilosi  v.  glabri,  bracteis  lan- 
ceolatis  pedicellum  vix  aequantibus  sparsi  stellato-pubescentes  cito 
caducis  suffulti  et  bracteolis  2  similibus  sed  minoribus  cito  caducis 
instituti;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus  circiter  1  mm.  longus,  glaber,  lobi 
oblongo-ovati,  obtusi,  apice  plerumque  sparse  stellato-pilosi,  vix  1.5 
mm.  longi,  decidui;  petala  subulata  sepalis  paullo  breviora;  stamina 
sepalis  subaequilonga,  antheris  ovoideis  fere  sessilibus;  styli  revoluti, 
stamina  superantes.  Capsula  ovoidea,  basibus  stylorum  erectis  coro- 
nata,  1.5  cm.  longa,  obscure  brunnea,  lenticellata,  paullo  infra  medium 
vestigiis  calycis  circumdata;  semina  oblongo-ovoidea,  circiter  1  cm. 
longa,  apicem  versus  attenuata,  nitida,  atrobrunnea,  basi  hilo  trans- 
verso  albido  exsculpto  notata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  margin  of  oak  woods,  rare,  alt.  600- 
1500  m.,  May  25  and  November  1907  (No.  565). 


SINOWILSONIA   Hemsl. 

Sinowilsonia  Henryi  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XXIX.  t.  2817 
(1906).  —  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  V.  265  (1908).  —  Bean  in  Kew  Bull. 
Misc.  Inform.  XXII.  355  (1909).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot. 
Ital.  n.  ser.  XVIII.  120  (1911).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 
II.  957,  fig.  589  (1912). 

Corylopsis  macrostachya  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII. 
286,  fig.  7  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1000-1300  m. 
May  25,  1907  (No.  584;  bush  6-8  m.  tall,  wood  white  and  heavy, 


430  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

bark  grey,  flowers  in  pendulous  racemes);  without  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  6559). 

Common  in  the  sheltered  valleys  and  ravines  of  north-western  Hupeh,  very 
rare  elsewhere  in  the  province  and  unreported  from  western  Szech'uan.  It  is 
very  partial  to  the  sides  of  mountain-streams  where  it  forms  a  large  bush  or  bushy 
tree,  and  in  general  appearance  resembles  a  witch-hazel.  The  spicate  inflorescences 
are  pendulous  and  very  freely  produced.  The  ripe  seeds  are  ovoid  or  nearly  so, 
about  8  mm.  long,  4  mm.  wide,  obtuse,  polished  jet-black  with  pale  grey  hilum. 


LOROPETALUM   R.   Br. 

Loropetalum  chinense  Oliver  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  459, 
fig.  4  (1862).  — Moore  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  138  (1878).  —  Hance  in 
Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  226  (1878).  — Maximowicz  in  Bull  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc. 
LIV.  pt.  1,  22  (1879).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  290 
(1887).  — Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  381  (1900).— Hemsley  in  Bot. 
Mag.  CXXX.  t.  7979  (1904).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  Add.  ser.  X.  101  (Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Hamamelis  chinensis  R.  Brown  in  Abel,  Narr.  Jour.  China,  375,  fig.  (1818). 

Kiangsi:  Kiukiang,  rocky  places,  foothills,  alt.  300-1000  m., 
August  1907  (No.  1626;  bush  1-2  m.).  Western  Hupeh:  vicinity 
of  Ichang,  rocky  places,  alt.  30-600  m.,  April  and  December  1907 
(No.  3520;  bush  1-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Changyang  Hsien,  rocky 
places,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  April  1907  (No.  3520'*;  bush  1-4  m.  tall); 
Nanto,  hillsides,  March  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  110),  vicinity  of 
Ichang,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  254,  1634);  "  Kao-kien-scian,"  alt.  800  m.. 
May  1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  3331);  "  Monti  di  Nan-tcian,"  November 
1907,  C  Silvestri  (No.  3332).  Szech'uan:  Nanch'uan,  A.  vonRosthorn 
(No.  164).  Yunnan:  Szemao,  alt.  1300-1500  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
12490,  12490^).  Chekiang :  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor. 
Fokien:  vicinity  of  Amoy,  April,  de  la  Touche;  Dunn's  Exped.  1905 
(ex  Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hongkong  No.  2683);  Fuchau,  Hills  near 
Pagoda  Island,  W.  R.  Carles  (No.  88). 

This  handsome,  spring-flowering  shrub  is  abundant  all  over  the  warmer  parts 
of  China,  especially  in  rocky  places:  round  Ichang,  where  it  is  colloquially  known 
as  Chi-mu,  it  grows  in  association  with  Rosa  laevigata  Michaux  and  Rosa  microcarpa 
Lindley,  and  forms  a  dense  scrub  on  hills  of  conglomerate  formation.  It  is  also 
common  on  limestone  cliffs  and  as  an  undergrowth  in  thin  woods  of  Pine  or  Oak. 
Near  Kiating  and  Omei-shan  in  western  Szech'uan  it  abounds  on  the  red-sandstone 
hills. 


HAMAMELIDACEAE.  —  HAMAMELIS  431 


SYCOPSIS  Oliv. 

Sycopsis  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1931  (1890).  — 
Diels  in  BoL  Jahrb.  XXIX.  381  (1900).  —  Hemsley  in  Hooker's  Icon. 
XXIX.  sub  t.  2834,  fig.  1-3  (1907).  — Bean  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  XXII.  356  (1909). 

Sycopsis  sinensis,  var.  integrifolia  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  381  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets  in  ravines,  alt. 
600-1300  m.,  April  1907  (No.  2586;  bush  2-6  m.  tall,  anthers  red); 
without  locality,  April  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1825);  without  local- 
ity, A.  Hennj  (No.  Q019).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  north  Wushan, 
A.  Henry  (No.  7574). 

This  evergreen  is  fairly  common  in  ravines  and  rocky  places  near  streams  in 
western  Hupeh  up  to  1300  m.  alt.,  where  it  forms  an  erect  but  straggling  bush, 
often  over  6  m.  tall.  It  has  not  been  reported  from  western  Szech'uan.  Since  entire 
and  toothed  leaves  appear  on  the  same  branches  there  is  no  reason  for  separating 
the  var.  integrifolia  Diels  from  the  type. 

To  the  type  species  of  the  genus  S.  Griffithiana  Oliver,  which  seems  to  have 
not  yet  been  reported  from  China,  we  refer  Henry's  No.  11464  from  Mengtze. 
Here  may  also  be  added  that  through  a  misprint  in  the  original  description  of 
S.  laurifolia  Hemsley  the  number  of  Henry's  specimens  on  which  the  species 
was  founded  is  given  as  14365  instead  of  11365. 


HAMAMELIS    L. 

Hamamelis  mollis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVIII.  t.  1742  (1888).  — 
Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXIX.  t.  7884  (1903).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handh. 
Lauhholzk.  I.  434  (1905).  — Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LII.  488, 
fig.  211  (1912). 

Hamamelis  virginiana,  var.  japonica  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris, 

b6t.  2,  VI.  11  (PI.  David.  I.  131)  (1883). 
Hamamelis  mollis  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  290  (nomen  nudum) 

(1887). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  August  1907  (No. 
1602;  bush  1-3  m.  tall).  Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien, 
woods,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  April  and  September  1907  (No.  624,  in  part; 
bush  2-5  m.  tall,  flowers  golden  yellow,  base  chocolate);  Hsing-shan 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  November  1907  (No.  624,  in 
part;  bush  2-5  m.  tall) ;  Changlo  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 


432  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

April  1907  (No.  624^;  bush  2-6  m.  tall,  flowers  golden-yellow) ;  without 
locahty,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  61),  A.  Henry  (No.  6412). 

One  of  the  commonest  woodland  shrubs  in  western  Hupeh  between  1300-2500  m. 
alt.  and  more  especially  in  the  district  of  Changyang.  It  is  also  abundant  on  the 
Lushan  mountains  near  Kiukiang  but  is  unreported  from  western  Szech'uan. 
The  flowering  season  is  late  March  and  early  April,  when  the  blossoms  are  very 
conspicuous  among  generally  leafless  plants.  The  color  of  the  seeds  is  jet  black, 
not  white,  as  stated  by  Hemsley  (1.  c). 


EUCOMMIACEAE. 

Determined  by  E.  H.  Wilson. 

EUCOMMIA  Oliv. 

Eucommia  ulmoides  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX.  t.  1950  (1890) ; 
XXIV.  t.  2361  (1895).  —  Weis  in  Trans.  Linn.  Soc.  ser.  2,  III.  243,  t. 
57,  58  (1892).  — Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  346  (1900).— Kew 
Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  XIV.  89  (1901);  XVII.  4  fig.  (1904).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  424,  fig.  270  (1904).  —  Finet  &  Gagnepain 
in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LII.  Mem.  IV.  23  (1905) ;  Contrib.  Fl.  As, 
Or.  II.  23  (1907).  —  Mottet  in  Rev.  Hort.  1909,  226,  fig.  89,  90.  — 
Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVIII.  114  (1911). — 
Rehcler  in  Holler's  Deutsch.  Gdrtn.-Zeit.  XXVII.  11,  fig.  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  cultivated,  alt.  600-1600  m.., 
April  1907  (No.  383,  in  part;  tree  5-20  m.  tall,  0.3-1.5  m.  girth); 
Changyang  Hsien,  commonly  cultivated,  alt.  600-1500  m..  May  and 
October  1907  (No.  383,  in  part;  tree  6-20  m.  tall);  north  and  south  of 
Ichang,  commonly  cultivated,  alt.  600-1600  m.,  June  and  October 
1907  (No.  383,  in  part;  tree  6-20  m.  tall,  0.3-1.5  m.  girth);  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  cultivated.  May  1907  (No.  383,  in  part;  tree  6-20  m.  tall); 
Fang  Hsien,  commonly  cultivated,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October  1907 
(No.  383;  tree  10-20  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  cultivated, 
October  1910  (No.  383'*);  without  locality,  April  and  July  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  629);  Ichang,  A.  Aldridge. 

This  interesting  tree  grows  to  a  moderate  size  and  is  commonly  cultivated  in 
western  Hupeh  and  Szech'uan,  occurring  two  or  three  together  in  the  neighbor- 
hood houses,  between  alt.  300-2500  m.  It  is  dioecious  and  the  peasants  raise  it 
from  seeds  or  by  coppicing.  The  bark,  known  as  Tu-chung  or  Tsze-mien  =  silk 
thread,  is  a  valuable  Chinese  drug,  esteemed  for  various  hepatic  diseases,  and  as 
a  diuretic,  tonic  and  aphrodisiac.  The  removal  of  the  bark  causes  the  death  of 
the  tree,  which  probably  accounts  for  it  being  so  far  unreported  in  a  wild  state. 

Pictures  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  Nos.  535,  676,  6S2,  068,  and  0185,  0358  of 
my  collection  of  photographs  and  also  in  my  Vegetation  0/  Western  China,  Noa.  213 
and  214. 


433 


ROSACEAE. 

NEILLIA  G.  Don. 
Determined  by  Alfeed  Rehder. 

Neillia  affinis  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIX.  304  (1892). 

Neillia  thyrsiflora  Franchet  in   Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  VIII.  217 
{PI.  David.  II.  35)  (non  G.  Don)  (1886). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m., 
June  and  September  1908  (No.  916^;  bush  1-2  m.  high,  flowers  rose- 
pink);  same  locahty,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3559;  flowers  rose- 
pink);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  2380;  bush  1-3  m.  high,  flowers  rose-red);  Mt.  Omei,  June 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4886);  without  precise  locality,  July  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3559,  3560),  A.  Henry  (No.  8968,  type). 

This  species  seems  to  be  most  nearly  related  to  N.  rubiflora  G.  Don,  but  differs 
in  the  longer  calyx-lobes,  larger  petals  usually  crenulate  at  the  margin,  in  the  densely 
villose  ovary  with  the  style  not  exceeding  the  calyx-tube  and  only  just  reaching  the 
base  of  the  stamens,  and  in  the  usually  not  distinctly  3-lobed  leaves,  while  N. 
rubiflora  has  the  ovary  glabrous,  the  style  as  long  as  the  stamens  and  distinctly 
3-lobed  leaves.  Though  I  have  not  seen  David's  specimens  referred  by  Franchet 
to  A^.  thyrsiflora  G.  Don,  I  have  little  doubt  that  they  belong  to  this  species  which 
has  bristly  fruits  and  resembles  in  foliage  A^.  thyrsiflora  more  than  any  other 
species.  Wilson  did  not  collect  this  species  near  Mupin,  although  his  specimens 
came  from  about  the  same  region.  It  is  less  likely  that  Franchet's  N.  thyrsiflora 
belongs  to  his  N.  thibetica  which  Wilson  collected  near  Mupin. 

Neillia  longiracemosa  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIX.  304 
(1892). 

Neillia  rubiflora  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  VIII.  217  {PI. 
David.  II.  35)  (non  G.  Don)  (1886). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No.  916;  bush  1.25-2  m.  high,  flowers  rose-pink); 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  July  and  September  1908 
(No.  974;  bush  1-1.75  m.,  flowers  pink);  Ta-hsiang-ling,  Ching-chi 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2381;  shrub  1.25- 

434 


ROSACEAE.  —  NEILLIA  435 

3  m.,  flowers  rose-pink);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  1300-3000  m., 
July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3558). 

Neillia  longiracemosa  is  easily  distinguished  from  N.  rubiflora  G.  Don  by  the 
caducous  bracts  of  the  slenderer  racemes,  the  narrower  cylindric-campanulate 
calyx-tube  short-pilose  inside,  the  longer  calyx-teeth  which  exceed  the  petals,  the 
less  numerous  stamens  and  by  the  not  distinctly  3-lobed  leaves.  The  length  of 
the  racemes  in  the  specimens  collected  by  Wilson  varies  from  4-5  cm.  and  on 
some  of  them  are  found  racemes  up  to  15  cm.  in  length,  as  stated  by  Hemsley  in 
his  description  of  this  species. 

NeilUa  thibetica  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  45  (1891). 

Neillia  velutina  Franchet,  1.  c.  in  textu  (1891). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  upland  thickets,  alt.  2600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4220^;  bush  2  m.  high);  Mupin,  alt.  1600-2600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4220;  bush  1-2  m.  high). 

Judging  from  our  specimens  which  are  in  fruit  A^.  longiracemosa  is  closely  allied 
to  this  species  and  perhaps  is  best  referred  to  it  as  a  variety  with  glabrous  leaves, 
but  as  long  as  I  have  seen  no  flowering  specimens,  it  seems  best  to  keep  them 
separate,  though  I  cannot  find  any  other  difference  between  fruiting  specimens 
of  the  two  species  than  the  pubescence  of  the  leaves  which  seems  variable  and  is 
denser  in  No.  4220"  from  Tachien-lu  than  in  the  Mupin  specimen. 

Neillia  ribesioides  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis;  ramuli  leviter  tortuosi,  hornotini  minute  ac- 
cumbenti-villosuli,  flavo-brunnei,  annotini  brunnei,  vetustiores  griseo- 
brunnei,  cortice  fibroso  solubili;  gemmae  peruHs  pluribus  rotundatis 
atro-fuscis  villoso-ciliolatis,  glabris  v.  dorso  minute  pubescentibus. 
Folia  triangulari-ovata,  basi  leviter  cordata  v.  fere  truncata,  acu- 
minata, 2-5  cm.  longa  et  1.5-4.5  cm.  lata,  leviter  inciso-lobata  lobis 
brevibus  subduplicato-serratis  dentibus  obtusiuscuHs  v.  acutis,  supra 
sparse  accumbenti-pilosa,  subtus  ad  venas  densius,  in  facie  sparse 
subaccumbenti-villosa,  nervis  utrinque  4-6  rectis;  petioU  pubescentes, 
4-8  mm.  longi;  stipulae  oblongae  v.  lanceolatae,  obtusae  v.  acutae, 
integrae  v.  pauci-serratae,  4-5  mm.  longae.  Racemi  solitarii,  cum  pe- 
dunculo  6-10  mm.  longo  2.5-6  cm,  longi,  rhachi  minute  pubescente, 
bracteis  lanceolatis  sparse  pubescentibus  plerumque  ante  anthesin 
caducis;  pedicelli  fere  glabri,  1-2  mm.  longi;  calycis  tubus  fere  cylin- 
dricus,  6-7  mm.,  rarius  tantum  4.5  mm.  longus  et  2.5-3  mm.  diam., 
rubescens,  extus  glaber  v.  adpresse  minute  sericeus,  intus  parte  inferiore 
excepta  laxe  pilosus;  dentes  ovati,  acutiusculi  v.  subito  breviter  mucro- 
nulati,  2  mm.  longi,  intus  villosuli;  petala  suborbiculari-rhombica, 


436  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

alba,  calycis  dentes  paullo  superantia;  stamina  circiter  15,  longiora 
dentibus  calycis  fere  aequilonga,  antheris  purpureis;  ovarium  glabrum 
apice  longe  piloso  excepto,  stylo  faucem  paullo  superante.  Fructus 
deest. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  21  and  September  1908  (No.  2382). 

Neillia  rihesioides  seems  most  nearly  related  to  N.  sinensis  Oliver,  which  differs 
in  its  slender  pedicels,  longer  calyx-tube,  with  longer  lanceolate  teeth,  and  in 
the  glabrous  leaves.  Our  specimens  of  Wilson's  No.  2382  contain  two  branches, 
one  with  a  glabrous  calyx-tube  which  I  consider  the  typical  form,  and  one  with  a 
somewhat  shorter,  finely  pubescent  calyx-tube  only  4.5  mm.  long. 

Neillia  sinensis  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XVI.  1540  (1886).  —  Hems- 
ley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  228  (1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb. 
XXIX.  382  (1900).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  446,  fig. 
285  o-p,  286  k^  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1000- 
2000  m.,  May  29  and  September  1907  (No.  86;  bush,  1-2  m.  high, 
flowers  rosy-pink);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  and  September  1907  (No.  189;  bush  1.25-2  m.  high,  flowers  pale 
pink);  without  precise  locahty.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  701), 
A.  Henry  (No.  5554^).  Szech'uan:  A.  Henry  (No.  5695).  Shensi: 
Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (Nos.  1,  467);  Tai-pei-shan,  July  20, 
1897,  G.  Giraldi:  "In-kia-po,"  June  4,  1897,  G.  Giraldi.  Kansu  :  com- 
mon on  mountain  sides,  valley  of  the  river  "Tshiluco,"  June  18,  1885, 
G.  N.  Potanin. 

Many  of  the  specimens  differ  from  the  original  description  in  having  the  calyx- 
tube  furnished  with  long  gland-tipped  bristles,  otherwise  the  specimens  from  the 
different  provinces  are  remarkably  uniform  in  foliage  and  flowers.  A  specimen 
from  Yunnan,  however,  seems  so  different  that  it  should  be  distinguished  at  least 
as  a  variety,  and  its  description  may  be  added  here. 

Neillia  sinensis,  var.  caudata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  foliis  manifeste  trilobatis  longe  caudato-acuminatis,  majoribus 
ad  11  cm.  longis,  lobis  acuminatis,  floribus  brevius  pedicellatis  pedicellis  2-3  mm. 
longis,  tubo  calycis  breviore  circiter  8  mm.  longo  glanduloso-setoso. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  east  mountains,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9669;  shrub, 
3  m.,  flowers  pink). 

In  foliage  this  variety  resembles  N.  thyrsiflora  G.  Don,  which  also  occurs  in 
Yunnan  and  is  represented  by  Henry's  No.  12275  from  Szemao,  No.  9149  from 
Mengtze  and  by  No.  13653  from  south  of  the  Red  River;  the  flowers,  however, 
differ  but  little  from  those  of  A'^.  sinensis. 

There  is  another  specimen  of  Neillia  from  Yunnan  collected  by  A.  Henry  near 
Mengtze  which  represents  a  new  species,  the  description  of  which  is  appended 
here. 


ROSACEAE.  —  STEPHANANDRA  437 

Neillia  pauciflora  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.50-1  m.  alius,  ramis  gracilibus  leviter  flexuosis;  ramuli  hornotini  flavo- 
brunnei  v.  brunnei,  laxe  villosi,  mox  glabrescentes,  annotini  cast  aneo-brunnei, 
nitiduli;  gemmae  atrobrunneao,  perulis  pluribus  late  ovatis  glabris.  Folia  triangu- 
lari-ovata,  basi  aperte  cordata  v.  subcordata,  acuminata,  3-4.5  cm.  longa  et  fere 
ac  lata,  3-lobata  lobis  lateralibus  late  ovatis  acutis,  lobo  medio  leviter  inciso-lobato 
lobulis  ut  lobi  laterales  inaequaliter  serratis  dentibus  brevibus  acutiusculis,  supra 
laete  viridia,  sparse  accumbenti-villosa,  subtus  pallide  viridia  ad  venas  venulasque 
flavescentes  pilosa,  nervis  utrinque  5-6;  petioli  pubescentcs,  circiter  0.5  cm.  longi; 
stipulae  ovato-oblongae  v.  ovato-lanceolatae,  4-6  mm.  longae,  integrae  v.  pauci- 
dentatae,  sparse  pubescentcs.  Racemi  breves,  5-10-flori,  terminales,  cum  pedun- 
culo  brevi  2.5-3.5  cm.  longi;  bracteae  ovato-oblongae  v.  lanceolatae,  acuminatae, 
sparse  pubescentcs,  caducae;  pedicelli  dense  breviter  villosi,  circiter  1  mm.  longi; 
tubus  calycis  urccolato-campanulatus,  fauce  plus  minusve  contractus,  4-6  mm. 
longus  ac  diam.,  dense  breviter  flavescenti-villosulus  glandulis  stipitatis  intermix- 
tis,  denies  ovati,  subilo  in  acumen  longum  contract  i,  extus  dense,  inlus  parte 
inferiore  excepla  laxius  villosuli,  2-2.5  mm.  longi;  petala  rhombico-suborbicularia, 
ciliata,  2-2.5  mm.  diam.;  stamina  circiter  20,  pelalis  dimidio  breviora;  ovarium 
subglobosum,  dense  villosum,  stylo  glabro  staminum  basim  vix  attingente.  Cap- 
Bula  subglobosa,  5  mm.  diam.,  laxe  villosa,  calyce  persistenle  villosululo  setis 
glanduliferis  instructo  inclusa;  semina  pluria,  4-8,  ovoidea,  1.75-2  mm.  longa, 
castaneo-brunnea,  nilida. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountains  to  the  north,  alt.  2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
1023P,  type,  10231). 

Neillia  pauciflora  seems  nearest  to  N.  ruUflora  G.  Don,  which  differs  chiefly  in 
its  many-flowered,  sometimes  compound  racemes,  the  shorter  acuminulate  calyx- 
teeth,  the  longer  and  more  numerous  stamens,  in  the  glabrous  ovary  and  the  style 
being  about  as  long  as  the  stamens.  Neillia  gracilis  Franchet  from  Yunnan  agrees 
with  A'',  pauciflora  in  its  few-flowered  inflorescence  and  in  the  subglobose-cam- 
panulate  calyx-tube,  but  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  suffruticose  habit,  smaller 
leaves,  slender  petioles,  1-2  cm.  long,  by  the  longer  pedicels,  and  by  its  2-ovuled 
ovary. 

STEPHANANDRA  Sieb.   &  Zucc. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Stephanandra  chinensis  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  210  (1882).  — 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  228  (1887). 

Stephanandra  flexuosa,  var.  chinensis  Pampanini  in  Nouv.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n. 
ser.  XVII.  297  (1910). 

Kiangsi :  Ruling,  abundant,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  28,  1907  (No.  1724; 
bush  1.25-2  m.).  Hupeh :  "  Ma-pan-scian,"  alt.  1000  m.,  May  1907, 
C.  Silvestri  (No.  1043). 

Wilson's  specimen  is  in  fruit.  It  differs  at  the  first  glance  from  S.  incisa  Zabel 
in  the  much  larger,  less  deeply  incised  leaves,  and  in  their  comparatively  short 
petioles.  The  stipules  described  by  Hance  as  linear-oblong  vary  in  Wilson's  No. 
1724  from  oblong-lanceolate  on  the  flowering  branches  to  broadly  and  obhquely 
ovate  and  irregularly  dentate  on  vigorous  shoots. 


438  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

SPIRAEA  L. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

Sect.  1.    CHAMAEDRYON  Ser. 

Spiraea  pninifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  131  (1835).  — ■ 
Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  184  (1879).  —  Palibin  in  Ad. 
Hort.  Petrop.  XVII.  1,  73  (1899).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  382 
(1900).  —  Matsumura  &  Hayata  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sci.  Tokyo,  XXII. 
119  and  12  (1906). 

Spiraea  prunifolia,  var.  typica  Schneider,  III,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  450,  fig. 

2S8  g-h  (1905). 
Spiraea  prunifolia,  f .  simpliciflora  Nakai  in  Jour.  Coll.  Sd.  Tokyo  XXVI.  Art. 

1,  172  (1909). 

Chekiang:  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor.  Korea:  near  Seoul  and 
Ping  Yang,  1904,  J.  G.  Jack  (seeds  0.    Also  in  Formosa. 

The  specimen  from  Ningpo  and  from  Formosa  have  the  leaves  pubescent  Hke 
the  double-flowered  form,  while  on  the  specimens  from  Korea  the  leaves  are  glab- 
rous with  the  exception  of  the  pubescence  on  the  under  side  of  the  midrib  of  very 
young  leaves.  The  plants  cultivated  for  nearly  20  years  at  the  Arboretum  have 
slightly  pubescent  leaves. 

Spiraea  prunifolia,  var.  plena  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  I. 
450  (1905). 

Spiraea  crenata,  v&T.foliis  ovatis,  floribus  plenis  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  211  (1784). 
Spiraea  prunifolia  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  Fl.  Jap.  I.  131,  t.  70  (1835).  —  Forbes 

&  Hemsley  in  Jow.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  226  (1887).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb. 

XXIX.  382  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  planted  on  graves,  alt.  1000- 
1600  m.,  May  11,  1907  (No.  2755);  without  precise  locahty,  May  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  731),  A.  Henry  (No.  5254). 

In  central  China  S.  prunifolia  is  found  apparently  only  in  its  double-flowered 
form  as  a  cultivated  plant.  It  is  doubtful  if  Giraldi's  No.  1136  referred  by  Diels 
to  this  species  belongs  to  it. 

Spiraea  hypericlfolia  Linnaeus,  Spec.  I.  489  (1753). — Maximowicz  in 
Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  177  (1879).  —  Zabel,  Strauch.  Spir.  18  (1893).— 
Schneider,  HI.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  452,  fig.  288  i-p,  289  c-d  (1905). 

1  Plants  raised  from  these  seeds  are  growing  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  SPIRAEA  439 

Spiraea  acutifolia  Willdenow,  Enum.  PI.  Hort.  Berol.  540  (1809).  —  Guimpel, 
Otto  &  Hayne,  Abbild.  Holz.  9,  t.  9  (1825).  —  Zabel,  Slrauch.  Sjnr.  20 
(1893). 

Spiraea  hyperidfolia,  var.  acuta  Seringe  in  De  Candollo,  Prodr.  II.  543  (1825). 

Spiraea  hyperidfolia,  var.  acutifolia  Dippel,  Handb.  Laubholzk.  III.  464  (1893). 

The  typical  S.  hyperidfolia  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  China. 

Spiraea  hypericifolia,  var.  hupehensis  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Frutex  metralis  ramis  virgatis  erectis;  ramuli  hornotini  glabri. 
Folia  oblonga  v.  elliptico-oblonga,  utrinque  acuta,  apice  argute  serru- 
lata,  glabra,  1-1.8  cm.  longa  et  3-6  mm.  lata.  Flores  in  umbellis 
2-4-floris,  8-10  mm.  diam.,  pedicellis  8-14  mm.  longis;  petala  orbicu- 
lari-obovata,  3-4.5  mm.  diam.;  stamina  petalis  dimidiis  paullo  brevi- 
ores;  folliculi  sepalis  duplo  longiores,  stylo  recurvo. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  Yangtze  banks,  steep  dry  clifTs, 
30-300  m.,  March  24,  1908  (No.  2754) ;  without  precise  locahty,  March 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1754).  Shensi :  Yenan  Fu,  May  1910,  W. 
Purdom  (No.  346). 

This  variety  differs  from  S.  hypericifolia,  var.  Plukinetiana  Seringe  in  the  acute 
leaves  sharply  serrate  at  the  apex,  and  from  var.  acuta  Seringe  in  the  large,  nearly 
orbicular  petals  3-4.5  mm.  broad.  Without  well-developed  leaves  it  looks  much 
like  S.  Thunbergii  Siebold,  and  probably  the  specimens  from  central  China  which 
have  been  referred  to  S.  Thunbergii  belong  to  this  variety.^ 

^  In  this  group  belongs  the  following  new  species  from  Yunnan: 

Spiraea  fulvescens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  vix  metralis  ramis  virgatis;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  tomento  fulvescenti 
vestiti,  teretes,  annotini  tomentosuli,  tarde  glabrescentes ;  vetustiores  fulvescenti- 
cinerei,  cortice  lamellis  parvis  solubili,  ramulis  valde  abreviatis  numerosis  ferrugineo- 
tomentosis  ob  bases  petiolorum  persistentes  congestos  dense  verrucosis  instituti; 
gemmae  parvae,  globoso-ovoideae,  obtusae,  perulis  pluribus  dense  fulvescenti- 
villosis.  Folia  pluria  ad  annum  secundum  persistentia,  chartacea,  partim  fascicu- 
lata,  supra  glaucescenti-viridia,  initio  pilis  minutis  sparse  conspersa,  demum 
glabra,  venarum  reticulo  leviter  impresso,  subtus  glauca,  sub  lente  papillosa,  laxe, 
ad  nervos  densius  villosa,  ea  turionum  ovata  v.  fere  rotundata,  basi  rotundata, 
v.  ovalia  et  basi  late  cuneata,  obtusiuscula,  inaequaliter  v.  fere  dupliciter  crenato- 
serrata,  1.5-2  cm.  longa  et  1.2-2  cm.  lata,  ea  fasciculorum  obovata  v.  obovato- 
oblonga,  basi  cuneata,  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula,  apicem  versus  sparse  crenato-serrata 
V.  minora  fere  Integra,  2-15  mm.  longa  et  4-8  mm.  lata,  venis  utrinsecus  2-3;  pe- 
tioli  villosi  1-2  mm.  longi  v.  fere  nuUi.  Umbcllae  5-8-florae,  sessiles,  basi  foliis 
fasciculatis  parvis  circumdatis  et  partim  folio  persistenti  suffultae,  numerosissimae 
et  approximatae  secus  ramos  virgatos;  pedicelli  3-6  mm.  longi,  sparse  villosi  v. 
fere  glabri;  calyx  extus  glaber,  tubus  intus  villosulus,  calycis  dentes  ovato-triangu- 
lares,  obtusi  v.  acuminulati,  extus  glabri,  intus  villosuli;  petala  rotundato-obovata, 
brevissime  unguiculata,  alba,  2  mm.  diam.;  stamina  circa  20,  petalis  dimidio  bre- 
viora;  carpidia  glabra;  styli  etaminibua  paullo  breviores.    Fructus  calycis  dentibua 


440  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Spiraea  alpina  Pallas,  Fl.  Ross.  I.  35,  t.  20  (1784). — Maximowicz  in 
Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  182  (1879).  —  Zabel,  Strauch.  Spir.  38  (1893).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  382  (1900).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handh. 
Lauhholzk.  I.  456,  fig.  289  i,  290  e-e^(1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east  of  Tachien-lu, 
heaths,  alt.  4000-5000  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  2771;  shrub  about  1  m. 
high,  flowers  white);  without  precise  locality,  grasslands,  alt.  3700- 
4700  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3548;  shrub  0.50-1  m.  high). 
Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  5).  Western 
Kansu:  Min-chou  district,  alt.  3000  m.,  1911,  W.  Purdom. 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  somewhat  from  the  typical  plant  in  the  loosely  ap- 
pressed  villose  pubescence  on  the  upper  surface  of  the  leaves.    The  calyx  is  deep  red. 

Spiraea  myrtilloides  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis,  ramosissimus,  divaricatus;  ramuU  hornotini 
sparse  villosuli,  annotini  angulati,  castaneo-  v.  fusco-brunnei,  glabre- 
scentes,  angulo  saepe  fere  recto  divergentes,  vetustiores  lamellis  tenu- 
ibus  decorticantes ;  gemmae  ovatae,  acutae,  circiter  2  mm.  longae, 
brunneae,  perulis  6-8  sparse  pubescentibus  v.  fere  glabris  ciliolatis 
obtectae.  Folia  subchartacea,  ovalia,  v.  ovali-oblonga  v.  obovato- 
oblonga,  integra,  obtusa,  rarius  acutiuscula,  minute  mucronulata, 
basi  cuneata  v.  late  cuneata,  6-10  mm.  longa  et  3-6  mm.  lata, 
supra  glabra,  obscure  coeruleo-viridia,  minute  rugulosa,  subtus 
pallidiora,  laxe  accumbenti-pilosa,  margine  villosula,  nervis  utrinsecus 
3-5  inconspicuis  subtus  vix  elevatis;  petioli,  circiter  1  mm.  longi, 
tenues,  villosuli.  Inflorescentia  umbellato-racemosa  multiflora,  densa, 
hemisphaerica,  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  paucifoliatorum,  inter- 
dum  fere  sessiles,  basi  paucifoliatae ;  pedicelli  graciles,  3-6  mm.  longi, 
ut  caljrx  sparse  pilosi  v.  glabri;  flores  albi,  5-6  mm.  diam.;  sepala  late 
triangularia  acuta,  margine  villosula  v.  glabra;  petala  rotundata,  basi 
vix  contracta  plerumque  emarginata,  2.5  mm.  diam. ;  discus  conspicuus, 

erectis;  folliculi  erecti,  2.5  mm.  longi,  sepala  duplo  superantes,  brunnei,  nitidi, 
apice  intus  gibbosi,  dorso  stylum  patentem  subapicalem  gerentes. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  barren  dry  hills,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  10662). 

This  species  seems  most  nearly  related  to  S.  aquilegiifolia  Pallas  and  S.  anatolica 
Haussknecht,  but  the  first  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  thin  glabrous  leaves  cuneate 
at  the  base  and  the  second  by  the  pubescent  calyx,  pubescent  carpels,  and  by  the 
cuneate  leaves.  It  also  resembles  S.  yunnanensis  Franchet,  but  in  that  species  the 
umbels  are  borne  on  short  branchlets  and  the  calyx  is  pubescent.  The  numerous 
short  spurs  densely  covered  with  the  persistent  fulvously  pubescent  bud-scales 
and  bases  of  the  petioles  give  to  the  two  and  three  years  old  branches  a  peculiar 
appearance. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  441 

lobatus,  lobis  apice  plerumque  leviter  emarginatis;  stamina  20,  longiora 
petalis  subaequilonga;  carpidia  glabra  ventre  villosulo  excepto,  in 
stylum  apicalem  attenuata;  styli  trientem  staminum  aequantes. 
Fructus  sepalis  erectis  v.  apice  reflexis;  folliculi  erecti,  flavescentes 
glabri,  nitidi,  vix  2  mm.  longi,  stylo  persistente  apicali  horizontaliter 
patenti  coronati. 

Western  Szech'uan:  near  Tachien-lu,  upland  thickets,  alt. 
3000-3300  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  989,  type);  west  of 
Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2760);  Wa- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  2700  m.,  July  1908  (No.  2761);  without  precise 
locality,  ravines,  alt.  3700  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3556); 
heath,  alt.  3300-4000  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  35564- 
Hupeh:  A.  Henry  (No.  6968). 

A  graceful  species  resembling  Spiraea  alpina  Pallas  which  is  easily  distinguished 
by  its  linear-lanceolate  acute  leaves  papillose  beneath  and  by  the  nearly  sessile 
umbels.  Wilson's  No.  2761  differs  from  the  type  in  its  perfectly  glabrous  leaves 
and  glabrous  inflorescence  borne  on  elongated,  many-leaved  branchlets  1.5-4  cm. 
long.  Occasionally  one  of  the  lower  pedicels  is  branched  and  bears  two  flowers. 
(See  in  this  connection  note  on  S.  Schneideriana,  var.  amphidoxa  Rehder,  p.  450.) 
Henry's  6968  is  also  glabrous,  but  the  flowering  branchlets  are  short,  while  Wil- 
son's No.  3556''  differs  in  the  more  densely  pubescent  leaves,  minutely  pubescent 
also  on  their  upper  surface  and  in  the  more  densely  pubescent  inner  surface  of  the 
calyx-tube.  Young  seedling  plants  of  this  species  have  the  leaves  crenately  ser- 
rate near  the  apex. 

Spiraea  gemmata  Zabel,  Strauch.  Spir.  23  (1893).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  466,  fig.  290  f-g  (1905). 

Spiraea  mongolica  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  212  (non  Maximowicz)  (1893). 

Western  Szech'uan:  around  Sungpan,  uplands,  alt.  3000-3300 
m.,  October  1910  (No.  4329).  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Pur- 
dom  (No.  2).     Kansu :  Min-chou,  alt.  2800  m.,  1911,  W.  Purdom. 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  slightly  from  the  cultivated  type  in  the  dark  brown 
branches  and  in  the  more  strongly  veined  and  somewhat  broader  leaves,  which 
are  14-18  mm.  long  and  5-7  mm.  broad,  while  in  Purdom' s  specimen  they  are  still 
broader.  Plants  distributed  by  the  Veitchian  nurseries  under  Wilson's  seed  num- 
bers 1474  and  1690  belong  to  this  species. 

Spiraea  mollifolia  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis,  ramosissimus  divaricatus,  ramis  longioribus 
arcuatis;  ramuli  hornotini  laxe  villosi,  glabrescentes,  annotini  mani- 
festo angulati,  obscure  purpureo-brunnei,  glabri,  vctustiores  lamellis 
tenuibus  v.  striis  decorticantes;  gemmae  ovoideae  acuminatae,  3-4 


442  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

mm.  longae,  valvatae  perulis  duobus  exterioribus,  glabrae,  ramulo 
concolores.  Folia  membranacea,  elliptico-oblonga  v.  oblonga,  utrinque 
acuta,  Integra  v.  interdum  apice  tridentata,  rarissime  pluridentata, 
1-2  cm.  longa  et  4-8  mm.  lata,  cinereo-  v.  pallide  luteo-viridia,  sub- 
concoloria,  utrinque  pilis  longis  villosis  densius  v.  laxius  obtecta,  nervis 
utrinsecus  2-4  angulo  acutissimo  divergentibus  subtus  leviter  elevatis; 
petioli  1-2  mm.  longi,  sparse  villosi.  Inflorescentia  umbellato-race- 
mosa,  densa,  pluri-  v.  multiflora  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  pauci- 
foliatorum;  pedicelli  3-5  mm.  longi,  villosi;  flores  albi,  circiter  8  mm. 
diam. ;  calyx  extus  villosus,  tubo  intus  pubescenti,  dentibus  late  ovato- 
triangularibus  intus  villosulis ;  petala  rotundata,  basi  subito  contracta, 
vix  unguiculata,  3-3.5  mm.  diam.;  stamina  20,  longiora  petalis  sub- 
aequilonga;  carpidia  pubescentia,  stylum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentia; 
discus  conspicuus,  lobatus,  purpureus,  lobis  subglobosis;  styli  stamina 
dimidia  subaequantes.  Fructus  calyce  extus  villoso,  dentibus  re- 
flexis;  folliculi  erecti,  flavescentes,  laxe  villosi,  1.5  mm.  longi,  ventre 
gibboso,  dorso  stylum  patenti-erectum  paullo  infra  apicem  gerentes. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  ascent  of  Ta- 
p'ao-shan,  alt.  3600-4600  m.,  July  6  and  October  1908  (No.  1158, 
type);  Mupin,  upland  thickets,  alt.  2700-3300  m.,  October  1908 
(No.  1 158,  in  part);  Tachien-lu,  upland  thickets,  alt.  3000-3700  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4402) ;  without  precise  locality,  woods  and  heaths, 
alt.  3000-3700  m.,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3553);  alt.  3600-4000 
m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3554). 

Allied  to  S.  gemmata  Zabel  which  is  easily  distinguished,  however,  by  its  nar- 
rower glabrous  foliage,  glabrous  inflorescence  and  slenderer  branches.  Wilson's 
No.  3554  differs  from  the  type  in  the  short,  not  silky-villose  pubescence  of  the  leaves 
and  may  not  belong  to  this  species.  Spiraea  prostrata  Maximowicz  which  has  the 
leaves  of  similar  shape  and  pubescence,  differs  in  its  terete  branches,  small  winter- 
buds  with  imbricate  scales  and  glabrous  inflorescence. 

Spiraea  laeta  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metrahs  ramis  gracilibus  virgatis;  ramuli  hornotini  anno- 
tinique  glabri,  subalato-angulati,  purpureo-brunnei,  rarius  flavido- 
brunnei;  gemmae  parvae,  globoso-ovoideae,  pluriperulatae,  pubescentes. 
Folia  tenuiter  membranacea,  ovata,  v.  elliptico-ovata,  acuta,  basi  late 
cuneata  v.  rotundata,  2-3.5  cm.  longa  et  1-2.5  lata,  rarius  ad  4.5  cm. 
longa  et  basi  cuneata,  incise  duplicato-serrata  ima  basi  excepta,  apicem 
versus  simpliciter  serrata,  supra  glabra,  laete  luteo-viridia,  subtus 
pallide  viridia,  in  axillis  venarum  subtus  barbata  et  ad  nervos  sparsis- 
sime  in  foliis  inferioribus  interdum  densius  adpresse  pilosa,  rarius 


ROSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  443 

glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-5  rectis  in  dentes  exeuntibus;  petioli  3-6 
mm,  longi,  graciles,  glabri.  Inflorescentia  umbellato-racemosa,  6-15- 
flora,  glabra,  in  apice  ramulorum  foliosorum  plerumque  brevium, 
interdum  elongatorum;  pedicelli  graciles,  5-12  mm.,  rarius  ad  18  mm. 
longi;  calycis  tubus  late  turbinatus,  extus  glaber,  intus  dense  pilosus, 
dentes  late  triangulares,  acuti,  extus  glabri,  intus  tomentosi;  petala 
rotundata,  4  mm.  diam.;  stamina  40-50,  petalis  longiora;  discus  parvus, 
annularis,  crenulatus;  carpidia  glabra,  in  stylum  3  mm.  longum  atten- 
uata.  Fructus  dentibus  calycis  reflexis;  foUiculi  exserti,  intus  apice 
gibbosi,  extus  styluus  subapicalem  patenti-reflexum  gerentes. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Fei-yueh-ling,  Ching-chi  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2300  m..  May  1908  (No.  2767,  type);  Chiu-ting-shan,  thick- 
ets, alt.  1500  m.,  May  22,  1908  (No.  2747). 

Spiraea  laeta  seems  nearest  related  to  S.  flexuosa  Fischer,^  which  is  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  the  pale  yellowish-brown  branchlets,  the  conspicuous  disk,  pubes- 
cent ovaries,  upright  style  borne  on  the  inner  side  of  the  follicles,  and  by  the 
narrower  simply  serrate  leaves.  The  allied  S.  anomala  Batalin  differs  in  the  pu- 
bescent ovaries  and  in  the  smaller  leaves  finely  and  closely  serrate,  scarcely  incised 
and  truncate  at  the  base.  No.  2747  differs  from  the  type  in  its  larger  leaves  cu- 
neate  at  the  base,  glabrous  beneath  and  up  to  4.5  cm.  long,  and  in  its  longer  pedicels. 

Spiraea  laeta,  var.  tenuis  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  minoribus  ovatis  v.  late  ovatis,  1-2  cm.  longis 

1  Another  new  species  closely  allied  to  S.  flexuosa  Fischer  is  the  following : 

Spiraea  papillosa  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis  ramis  virgatis;  ramuli  homotini  annotinique  glabri  v.  initio 
sparse  pilosi,  flavido-brunnei  v.  purpureo-castanei,  acute  angulati,  subalati;  gemmae 
ovoideae,  obtusae,  parvae,  pubescentes,  perulis  exterioribus  paucis  imbricatis. 
Folia  (ea  ramulorum  floriferorum  tantum  vidi)  papyracca,  oblonga,  acutav.breviter 
acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata,  supra  medium  grosse  serrata  dentibus  acuminulatis 
utrinque  3-5,  3-4.5  cm.  longa  et  12-17  mm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  subtus  glauca, 
dense  papillosa,  tota  facie  sparse,  ad  nervos  densius  pilis  subaccumbentibus  seri- 
ceis  obtecta,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-4  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  elcvatis;  petioli 
pubescentes,  2-3  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  umbellato-racemosa,  glabra,  multi- 
flora,  in  apice  ramulorum  patentium  foliosorum,  5-10  cm.  longorum;  pedicelli 
graciles,  1-1.5  cm.  longi;  flores  albi,  1  cm.  diam.;  calycis  tubus  late  turbinatus, 
extus  glaber,  intus  sparse  pilosus,  dentes  late  triangulares,  acuminulati,  extus 
glabri,  intus  villosuli;  petala  rotundata,  4.5  mm.  diam.;  stamina  40-50,  petalis 
longiora;  discus  annularis,  crenulatus;  carpidia  glabra,  in  stylum  4  mm.  longum 
attenuata.     Fructus  maturus  desideratur. 

Szech'uan  :  valley  of  Tung  river  about  40  miles  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  alt. 
1300  m..  May  1904,  E.  H.  Wilson  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3550). 

Closely  allied  to  S.  flexuosa  Fischer  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  glabrous 
or  nearly  glabrous  thinner  leaves,  not  glaucous  and  papillose  beneath,  by  the  in- 
florescence being  borne  on  much  shorter  ascending  branchlets  and  by  the  pubescent 
ovaries. 


444  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

et  7-15  mm.  latis,  sparsius  et  minus  profundi  serratis,  minoribus  fere 
simpliciter  crenato-serratis,  umbellis  minoribus  5-10-fioris. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
rare,  alt.  3600  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  2772;  bush,  1  m.,  flowers  white). 

Smaller  in  all  the  parts  than  the  type,  with  nearly  simply  crenate-serrate  leaves; 
a  very  delicate  looking  form. 

Another  variety,  collected  during  the  Veitch  Expedition,  is  the  following: 

Spiraea  laeta,  var.  subpubescens  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  tj'po  recedit  foliis  densius  et  argutius  inciso-serratis  subtus  laxe  sericeo-pilosis, 
inflorescentiis  plerumque  in  apice  ramulorum  brevium  5-9-floris. 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung  Hsien,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  97). 

In  the  more  closely  and  sharply  serrate  leaves  this  variety  resembles  S.  anomala 
Batalin,  but  that  species  differs  in  the  glabrescent  leaves  truncate  at  the  base,  and 
in  its  pubescent  carpels. 

Spiraea  chinensis  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  193 
(1879).  —  Koehne,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  213  (1893).  —  Zabel,  Strauch. 
Spir.  39  (1893).  — Schneider,  ///.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  463,  fig. 
290  s-tS  291  1  (1905). 

Spiraea  pubescens  Lindley  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  II.  157  (non  Turczani- 

now)  (1847);  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXIII.  t.  38  (1847). 
Spiraea  dasyantha  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  224  (pro  parte,  non 

Bunge)  (1887). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  thickets,  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  28,  1907 
(No.  1718).  Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  ravines, 
etc.,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  April  and  December  1907  (No.  771);  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  May  and  December  1907 
(No.  758);  without  locality,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  67,  flower- 
ing specimen  only).  Fokien:  April  to  June  1905,  *S.  T.  Dunn 
(Hongkong  Herb.  No.  2657). 

In  the  Hupeh  specimens  the  pubescence  is  thinner  and  less  fulvous  than  in  the 
Kiangsi  and  Fokien  specimens.  The  cultivated  plant  resembles  the  specimens 
from  Kiangsi  and  Fokien. 

.    Spiraea  hirsuta  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s^r.  2,  V.  342 
(1905);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  463,  fig.  292  n-p^  (1905). 

Spiraea  Blumei,  var.  hirsuta  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  224  (1887). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  ravines,  alt.  600  m.,  May  7, 
1907  (No.  2768) ;  Ichang,  A .  Henry  (No.  3506) ;  without  precise  locahty, 
A.  Henry  (No.  4115).  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  Wm.  Purdom 
(Nos.  4,  9). 


EOSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  445 

Spiraea  hirsuta  is  very  near  S.  chinensis  Maximowicz,  but  that  species  is  chiefly 
distinguished  by  the  green,  not  glaucescent,  more  densely  and  yellowish  pubescent 
lower  surface  of  the  leaves  and  their  sharper  and  closer  serration  with  acute  teeth. 
The  difference  in  the  color  of  the  pubescence  is  only  well  marked  on  leaves  of  the 
vigorous  leafy  shoots,  and  is  often  scarcely  noticeable  on  those  of  flowering  shoots. 

Spiraea  hirsuta,  var.  rotundifolia  Rehder,  n.  comb. 
Spiraea  Blumei,  var.  rolundifolia  Hemsley  in  Joiir.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  224 

(1887). 
Spiraea  Maximowicziana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  I.  461  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changlo  Hsien,  thickets,  side  of  streams,  alt. 
600-1000  m.,  May  1907  (No.  2770) ;  without  precise  locaUty,  A.  Henry 
(No.  3570,  3506"). 

Wilson's  No.  2770  and  Henry's  No.  3570  differ  from  No.  3506"  which  seems  to  be 
the  type  of  this  variety,  in  the  leaves  being  crenately  serrate  from  below  the  middle. 
Henry's  No.  3506  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  Herbarium  belongs  to  S.  hirsuta, 
although  Schneider  quotes  this  number  as  the  type  of  his  S.  Maximowicziana. 

Spiraea  tortuosa  Rehder,  n.  sp, 

Frutex  metralis  ramuhs  angulatim  flexis;  ramuli  hornotini  albido- 
tomentosi,  hornotini  rubro-brunnei ;  gemmae  parvae,  perulis  paucis 
glabrescentibus  brunneis  obtectae.  Folia  decidua,  late  ovalia  v.  fere 
suborbicularia,  basi  et  apice  rotundata,  supra  medium  sparse  inciso- 
crenato-serrata,  v.  subduplicato-serrata  dentibus  obtusiusculis  utrin- 
que  2-3,  1-1.5  cm.  longa  et  9-12  mm.  lata,  supra  cinereo-viridia,  dense 
villosula,  subtus  albido-villoso-tomentosa,  nervis  rectis  utrinque  2-3; 
petioli  tomentosi,  1-3  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia  subumbellata,  5-12- 
flora,  brevissime  pedunculata,  1.5-2  cm.  diam.,  in  apice  ramulorum 
paucifohatorum,  circiter  0.5  mm.  longorum;  pedicelli  circiter  0.5  mm. 
longi,  ut  calyx  villoso-tomentosi;  flores  7  mm.  diam.,  albi;  sepala  ovato- 
triangularia,  extus  villosa,  intus  glabra;  petala  suborbicularia,  3  mm. 
diam.;  stamina  20,  petaHs  triente  breviora;  discus  conspicuus,  lobatus, 
purpureo-brunneus,  lobi  distincti  cum  staminibus  interioribus  alter- 
nantia,  dorso  canaliculati  staminibus  seriei  exterioris  canaliculo 
adpressis;  carpidia  villosa;  styli  staminibus  dimidio  breviores.  Fructus 
maturus  desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mao-chou,  arid  regions  of  the  Min  Valley, 
alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  25,  1908  (No.  2764). 

Spiraea  tortuosa  presents  a  very  distinct  appearance  with  its  strikingly  zigzag 
branches,  the  small  and  sparse  foliage,  and  the  numerous,  small  and  rather  dense 
flower-clusters  on  very  short  branchlcts.  It  seems  most  nearly  related  to  S.  hirsuta 
Schneider,  but  is  easily  distinguished  from  that  species  by  its  zigzag  branchlets, 
the  small  suborbicular  leaves  and  the  small  inflorescence. 


446  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Spiraea  ovalis  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis  ramis  virgatis;  ramuli  teretes,  glabri,  hornotini 
purpurascentes,  annotini  fusci;  gemmae  ovoideae,  parvae,  obtusius- 
culae,  pubescentes,  perulis  pluribus  imbricatis  obtectae.  Folia  decidua, 
ovalia,  obtusa,  rarius  acutiuscula,  Integra,  interdum  apice  crenato- 
serrata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  fere  rotundata,  1.5-2  cm.  longa  et  0.6-1.2 
cm.  lata,  supra  laete  luteo-viridia,  glabra,  subtus  pallide  viridia,  reti- 
culo  nervorum  colore  obscuriore  conspicuo,  glabra  v.  secus  costam 
basim  versus  pilis  sparsis  instructa,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-4  subtus  leviter 
elevatis;  petioli  graciles,  purpurascentes,  glabri,  1-3  mm.  longi. 
Corymbus  multiflorus  convexus,  glaberrimus,  in  apice  ramulorum  plu- 
rifoliatorum  2-3  cm.  longorum,  2.5-3.5  cm.  diam.;  flores  albi,  5  mm. 
diam. ;  calycis  tubus  late  turbinatus,  extus  glaber,  purpurascens,  intus 
breviter  pilosus,  dentes  ovato-triangulares,  acuti,  intus  apice  villo- 
suli;  petala  suborbicularia,  1.5  cm.  longa  et  2  mm.  lata;  stamina  20, 
petalis  subaequilonga;  discus  conspicuus,  10-lobatus,  lobis  distinctis 
apice  et  dorso  leviter  sulcatis;  carpidia  sparse  villosa,  sty  lis  apicali- 
bus  quam  dimidia  stamina  paullo  brevioribus.  Fructus  maturus 
desideratur. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  rare,  alt.  2000-2300  m., 
June  16,  1910  (No.  4573). 

Allied  to  S.  Veitchii  Hemsley,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  pubescent 
inflorescence,  the  smaller  flowers  and  by  the  puberulous  branchlets  and  leaves. 

Spiraea  Bliimei  G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  II.  518  (1832).  —  Maximowicz 
in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  196  (1879).  —  Morren  in  Belg.  Hort.  VIII. 
131,  t.  37,  fig.  2  (1858).  —  Siebold  in  Jaarh.  Maatsch.  Aanmoed.  Tuinh. 
1845,76,  t.  8.  — Zabel,  Strauch.  Spir.  44  (1893).  —  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  465,  fig.  290  v-x,  291  h  (1905). 

Spiraea  chamaedrifolia  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  1114  (pro  parte,  non  Lin- 
naeus) (1826). 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  abundant,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  30,  1907  (No.  1721; 
shrub  1-2  m.  high).  Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  ravines, 
etc.,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  August  6,  1907  (No.  2769;  shrub  0.6-1.20  m. 
high,  flowers  white);  Ichang,  A.  Henry  (No.  3570);  without  precise 
locahty,  A.  Henry  (No.  1181);  "Ma-pan-scian,"  alt.  1000  m.,  May 
1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  1026).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  Taning  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  2000  m.,  June  25,  1910  (No.  4570).  Shensi :  "Kin-gua- 
san,"  July  10,  1897,  G.  Giraldi. 


BOSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  447 

A  picture  of  this  shrub  in  bloom  will  be  found  under  No.  0147  of  Wilson's  col- 
lection of  photographs. 

Spiraea  Henryi  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  225,  t.  6 
(1887).  — Veitch  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  XXVIII.  61,  fig.  20  (1903).— 
Garden  LXV.  44,  fig.  (1904).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I. 
469,  fig.  292  w-\v^  (1905).  — Bean  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8270 
(1909). 

Western  Hupeii:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1700-2700  m., 
May  6,  1907  (No.  490,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.  liigh,  stems  arching); 
Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  and  October 
1907  (No.  490,  in  part) ;  without  precise  locahty  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
921).  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  and 
October  1908  (No.  1318);  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1172);  Niu-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  2765;  bush  1-4  m.  high);  Pan- 
lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2700-300  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4327;  bush  2.25-3.25  m.  high)  around  Sungpan,  uplands,  alt.  2600- 
3200  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4404);  south  Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No. 
5750);  without  precise  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5645%  7335). 

Wilson's  No.  1318  from  Mupin  differs  from  the  Hupeh  specimens  slightly  in  the 
more  strongly  veined  leaves,  while  Nos.  1172,  2765  and  4327  somewhat  resemble 
in  their  narrower  and  longer  leaves  S.  Wilsonii  Duthie;  that  species  is,  however, 
easily  distinguished  by  its  denser  glabrous  inflorescence. 

Spiraea  Sargentiana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Spiraea  canescens,  var.  sulfurea  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  383  (non  Batalin) 
(1900). 

Frutex  1-2-metralis,  ramis  virgatis;  ramuli  teretes,  hornotini  pu- 
beruli,  mox  glabrescentes,  annotini  fusci  v.  flavo-fusci ;  gemmae  ovoidea, 
obtusiusculae,  brunneae,  parvae,  petiolo  multo  breviores,  perulis 
pluribus  imbricatis  glabrescentibus  obtectae.  Folia  decidua,  elliptico- 
oblonga,  basi  in  petiolum  attenuata,  acuta,  apice  pauciserrata  v. 
rarius  Integra,  1.5-2.5  cm.longa  et  4-10  mm,  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia, 
minute  villosula,  subtus  dense  et  plerumque  pubescenti-villosa,  rarius 
laxe  et  adpresse  villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-4  angulo  acutissimo  diver- 
gentibus  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  1-2  mm.  longi, 
sparse  pubescentes.  Inflorescentia  multiflora  densa,  2.5-4  cm.  diam., 
villosa,  convexo-corymbosa,  in  apice  ramulorum  foliosorum  2-4  cm. 
longorum;  flores  5-6  mm.  diam.;  calycis  tubus  late  turbinatus,  extus 


448  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

villosus,  intus  sericeo-pilosus,  denies  ovato-triangulares,  acuti,  extus 
villosi,  intus  apicem  versus  ferrugineo-villosi  eeterum  glabri;  petala 
rotundata,  apice  leviter  emarginata,  2  mm.  longa  et  2.5  mm.  lata,  in 
sicco  flavescentia;  stamina  20,  petala  fere  aequantia;  discus  pallidus, 
10-lobatus  lobis  distinctis  leviter  emarginatis;  carpidia  pilosa  sty  lis 
apicalibus  stamina  dimidia  aequantibus.  Fructus  sepalis  erecto- 
patentibus;  folliculi  sepala  vix  superantes,  2  mm.  longi,  pallide  fla- 
vo-brunnei,  nitentia,  fere  glabra,  intus  apice  gibbosi,  extus  stylum 
subapicalem  patentem  v.  patenti-erectum  gerentes;  semina  fusifor- 
mia,  1.2  mm.  longa  et  0.3  mm.  diam.,  utrinque  acuta,  pallida  brun- 
nea,  minutissime  reticulata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  dry 
places,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  1318%  type); 
near  Mao-chou,  arid  places,  roadsides,  alt.  1000-1600  m..  May  24, 
1908  (No.  2766);  Szu-ma-chi,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2555). 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  S.  Henryi  Hemsley,  which  is  easily  dis- 
tinguished by  its  larger  and  broader  leaves,  usually  abruptly  narrowed  at  the 
base,  larger  flowers  and  larger  and  looser  inflorescence.  Spiraea  canescens  G.  Don 
and  its  variety  sulphurea  Batalin,  with  which  it  had  been  confused,  probably  on 
account  of  the  similarity  in  size  and  shape  of  the  leaves,  is  well  distinguished  by 
the  angular  branches  and  by  the  pointed  winter-buds  covered  by  only  two  outer 
scales. 

Spiraea  aemulans  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis  ramis  virgatis;  ramuli  teretes,  hornotini  dense 
fulvescenti-villosi,  annotini  apicem  versus  villosi  basim  versus  glab- 
rescentes,brunnei,  vetustiores  glabri,  griseo-brunnei;  gemmae  ovoideae, 
obtusiusculae,  circiter  1  mm.  longae,  obscure  brunneae,  pubescentes, 
perulis  imbricatis  pluribus  obtectae.  Folia  decidua,  elliptica  v.  elliptico- 
oblonga,  basi  cuneata,  apice  pauciserrata  v.  Integra,  acuta  v.  obtusius- 
cula,  1-2.5  cm.  longa  et  0.6-1  cm.  lata,  supra  luteo-viridia,  villosa, 
subtus  sericeo-villosa,  densius  ad  venas,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-4;  petioli 
1-2.5  mm.  longi,  villosi.  Inflorescentia  corymbosa,  multiflora,  densa, 
convexa,  dense  villosa,  1.5-2.5  cm.  diam.,  in  apice  ramulorum  pluri- 
foliatorum,  0.5-1.5  cm.  longorum;  flores  4-5  mm.  diam.,  albi;  calycis 
tubus  aperte  turbinatus,  extus  villosus,  intus  pilosus,  dentes  triangulari- 
ovati,  acuti,  extus  villosi,  intus  glabri,  apicem  versus  tantum  villosuli; 
petala  rotundata,  1.5  mm.  longa  et  2  mm.  lata;  stamina  20,  petalis 
subaequilonga;  discus  conspicuus,  pallidus,  plerumque  10-lobatus  lobis 
distinctis  leviter  emarginatis;  carpidia  pilosa,  stylis  apicalibus  vix 
1  mm.  longis.    Fructus  maturus  desideratur. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  SPIRAEA  449 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  uplands  thickets,  alt.  2700  m., 

June  1910  (No.  4571). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  S.  Henryi  Hemsley  and  S.  Sargentiana  Rehder 
and  is  chiefly  characterized  by  its  dense  pubescence  of  long  and  nearly  straight, 
loosely  appressed  hairs.  The  former  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  shghter  woolly 
pubescence,  the  larger  leaves,  larger  flowers  and  larger  inflorescence,  and  S.  Sar- 
gentiana by  the  short  pubescence,  narrower  strongly  veined  leaves  and  less  densely 
pubescent  branchlets.  Spiraea  aemulans  might  possibly  be  considered  a  variety  of 
the  latter,  but  the  pubescence  gives  to  it  a  very  distinct  appearance  and  a  resem- 
blance to  S.  mollifolia  Rehder  or  to  the  pubescent  form  of  S.  media  Schmidt. 

Spiraea  Veitchii  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIII.  258 
(1903).— Veitch  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  XXVIII.  61  (1903); 
XXXV.  cliii,  fig.  98  (1906).  —  Bean  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVII.  t.  8383 
(1911). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Fang  Hsien,  upland,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2800  m. 
July  and  November  1907  (No.  568;  bush  2-4  m.  high);  alt.  2300-3000 
m.,  October  1910  (No.  4461);  Changlo  Hsien,  thickets,  rare,  alt. 
2000-2300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  568,  in  part);  without  precise  locality, 
June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2276,  type).  Szech'uan:  Taning 
Hsien,  uplands,  alt.  2000  m.,  June  25,  1910  (No.  4572;  bush,  1.25-3.25 
m.  high);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-3000  m.,  June  and  October  1908 
(No.  1 160;  bush  2-3.25  m.  high);  without  precise  locahty,  July  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3549;  bush  1.25-2  m.  high). 

A  picture  of  this  shrub  in  bloom  will  be  found  under  No.  0149  of  Wilson's  col- 
lection of  photographs. 

Spiraea  Schneideriana  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis  ramis  virgatis  arcuatis;  ramuli  hornotini  sparse 
villosuli,  annotini  angulares,  obscure  brunnei,  glabri;  gemmae  ovoideae, 
parvae,  obtusiusculae,  brunneae,  paucis  perulis  obtectae.  Folia  deci- 
dua,  ovalia  v.  ovali-oblonga,  obtusa,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  fere  rotundata, 
9-12  mm.  longa,  5-7  lata,  Integra  utrinque  glabra  sed  ad  marginem 
villosula,  supra  obscure  luteo-viridia,  subtus  pallida  v.  glaucescentia, 
nervis  utrinsecus  3-4;  petioli  glabri,  1  mm.  longi.  Corymbus  convexus, 
3-4  cm.  diam.,  villosulus,  in  apice  ramulorium  foliosorum  2-4  cm. 
longorum;  flores  6  mm.  diam.,  albi;  calycis  tubus  turbinatus,  extus 
sparse  villosulus,  intus  glaber,  dentes  ovato-triangulares  acuti,  extus 
fere  glabri,  intus  sparse  villosuli;  petala  rotundata  v.  obovato-rotun- 
data,  2.5  cm.  longa  et  2  cm.  lata,  irregulariter  emarginata  et  interdum 
erosa;  stamina  20,  petalis  pauUo  longiora;  discus  annularis,  dorso 
leviter  striatus,  interdum  irregulariter  lobatus;  carpidia  glabra,  sty  lis 


450  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

apicalibus  trientem  staminum  aequantibus.     Fructus  maturus  desi- 
deratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2000-2700  m., 
July,  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3557). 

Spiraea  Schneideriana  seems  most  closely  related  to  S.  ovalis  Relider  which  differs 
from  it  in  its  terete  branchlets,  glabrous  inflorescence  and  villose  carpels;  it  is  also 
closely  related  to  S.  Veitchii  Hemsley  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  terete 
branchlets,  longer  and  larger  leaves,  puberulous  beneath,  more  compound  inflores- 
cence, and  by  its  smaller  flowers.  Named  in  compliment  to  Mr.  Camillo  Schneider 
(see  p.  133  under  Lonicera  Schneideriana). 

Spiraea  Schneideriana,  var.  amphidoxa  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  inflorescentia  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  minus  composita, 
foliis  base  plerumque  late  cuneatis,  ramulis  sparsius  villosulis  v. 
glabrescentibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  2700-3800  m.,  July  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3557%  type) ;  Monkong  Ting,  ascent  of  Hsao-chin- 
ho,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2763;  bush,  2-4  m.  high). 

The  specimen  from  Mongkong  Ting  differs  from  the  type  of  this  variety  in  the 
somewhat  larger  flowers  with  a  lobed  disk  and  broader  petals,  perfectly  glabrous 
leaves,  finely  ciUate  in  No.  3557%  and  in  the  nearly  glabrous  branchlets.  In  its 
glabrous  inflorescence,  the  variety  is  still  closer  to  »S.  ovalis  than  the  type,  but  can 
be  easily  distinguished  from  it  by  the  angular  branchlets,  narrower  leaves  and  green 
calyx.  In  general  appearance  and  in  most  characters,  particularly  in  the  foliage, 
it  is  remarkably  similar  to  S.  myrtilloides  Rehder  which  has  simple  umbel-like 
racemes,  and  it  might  possibly  be  considered  a  variety  with  a  compound  inflores- 
cence of  that  species  of  which  the  lower  pedicels  sometimes  bear  two  flowers. 

Spiraea  canescens  G.  Don,  var.  oblanceolata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  ramulorum  fioriferorum  et  fasciculatis  et 
basilibus  turionum  obovato-oblongis  v.  oblanceolatis  integris  glau- 
cescentibus  glabris  margine  sparse  ciliato  excepto  v.  interdum  subtus 
ad  venas  sparse  pilosis,  eis  turionum  plerumque  obovatis  integris  v. 
apice  paucidentatis  magis  pubescentibus,  inflorescentia  et  calyce  brev- 
iter  et  sparsim  pilosis  fere  ut  in  varietate  glaucophylla  Franchet,  cui 
haec  varietas  simillima  foliis  oblanceolatis  exceptis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Monkong  Ting,  descent  of  Hsao-chin-ho, 
alt.  2300-2700  m.,  June  1900  (No.  2762;  bush  2-3  m.  high). 

This  variety  is  very  close  to  *S.  canescens,  var.  glaucophylla  Franchet  {S.  canescens, 
var.  sulphurea  Batalin)  which  differs  only  in  its  obovate  leaves  and  slightly  less 
pubescent  calyx.  The  pubescence  of  the  calyx  is  apparently  variable;  Wilson's 
No.  3551  of  the  Veitch  Expedition  from  Tachien-lu,  which  I  refer  to  S.  canescens, 
var.  glaucophylla,  differs  from  the  type  of  var.  sulphurea  collected  in  nearly  the  same 
locality,  in  the  more  densely  pubescent  calyx  and  capsules.    The  yellow  color 


ROSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  451 

noticed  by  Batalin  in  the  flowers  of  this  variety  is  quite  noticeable  in  the  dried 
specimens,  although  in  the  living  plant  the  flowers  are  probably  white.  This 
change  of  color  seems  to  occur  occasionally  in  other  species,  and  also  in  Wilson's 
No.  2765  of  S.  Henryi  the  flowers  are  decidedly  yellowish. 

Spiraea  Rosthomii  Pritzel  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  383  (1900). 
Spiraea  Prattii  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  472  (1905). 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods  and  thick- 
ets, alt.  3300  m.,  July  4  and  October  1908  (No.  965%-  shrub  1-2  m. 
high;  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1700-2700  m., 
July  1908  (No.  965^);  same  locality,  October  1910  (No.  4305);  Mupin, 
thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June  1908  (No.  2758;  bush,  1.75-2  m. 
high) ;  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June  and  September  1908 
(No,  965;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  white) ;  same  locahty,  alt.  1700-2300  m., 
June  1908  (No.  2759;  bush,  1-1.75  m.  high);  Niu-tou-shan,  west  of 
Kuan  Hsien,  alt.  2000-2700  ra.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  2748) ;  without  pre- 
cise locality,  alt.  3300-4000  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3555^); 
Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  1837,  type). 

This  species  is  very  near  S.  longigemmis  Zabel  which  differs  chiefly  in  its  gla- 
brous, less  deeply  and  closer  serrate  leaves.  Pritzel  describes  the  buds  as  spher- 
ical, "  gemmis  sphaericis,"  but  a  fragment  of  the  type  specimen  which  I  have 
before  me  and  which  agrees  in  every  other  particular  with  the  description  has 
winter-buds  like  those  of  S.  longigemmis.  Spiraea  Rosthomii  is  possibly  only  a 
pubescent  variety  of  S.  longigemmis.  To  the  latter  I  refer  Wilson's  Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3555^  from  western  Szech'uan. 

Spiraea  japonica  Linnaeus  f.,  Suppl.  262  (1781).  —  Maximowicz  in 
Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  203  (1879).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXIII.  225  (1887).  — Zabel,  Sirauch.  Spir.  64  (1893).  —  Schneider, 
III  Handh.  Laubholzk.  I.  475,  fig.  294  m,  295  k-1  (1905). 

Spiraea  callosa  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  209  (1784).  —  Seringe  in  De  Candolle, 
Prodr.  II.  544  (1825). 

The  type  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  China. 

•  X. 

Spiraea  japonica,  var.  Fortunei  Rehder  in  Bailey,  Cycl.  Am.  Hort. 
IV.  1703  (1902). 

Spiraea  callosa  Lindley  &  Paxton,  Flow.  Card.  II.  113,  fig.  191  (non.  Thunberg) 

(1851). 
Spiraea  Fortunei  Planchon  in  Fl.  des  Serr.  IX.  35,  t.  871  (1853).  —  Hooker 

f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXXVI.  t.  5164  (1860). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  roadsides,  abundant,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  30,  1907 
(No.  1717;  bush  0.75-1  m.,  flowers  pink).    Western  Hupeh:    Fang 


452  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Hsien,  roadsides,  etc.,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2752,  in  part; 
bush  1-1,25  m.  high,  flowers  white) ;  Patung  Hsien,  roadsides,  common, 
alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  2752,  in  part;  bush  1-1.25  m.  high, 
flowers  white);  without  precise  locahty,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  1183,  1183^),  A.  Henry  (No.  5993). 

This  form  is  usually  referred  to  the  typical  S.  japonica,  from  which  it  differs 
chiefly  in  its  glabrous,  much  larger  leaves,  more  cuneate  at  the  base  and  in  the  per- 
fectly terete  branchlets. 

Spiraea  japonica,  var.  ovalifolia  Franchet  in  Nuov.  Arch.  Mus. 
Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  218  (PI.  David.  II.  36)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1700-2000  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1153;  bush,  1-1.25  m.  high;  and  No.  1193,  seeds  only); 
Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1700-2300  m.,  July  and  September  1908 
(No.  2746;  bush  1-1.75  m.  high,  flowers  white);  without  precise 
locality,  alt.  2700-3000  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3555;  bush 
0.60  m.  high). 

No.  2746  has  elliptic  to  elliptic-oblong  leaves  and  approaches  the  var.  Fortunei. 

Spiraea  japonica,  var.  acuminata  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus. 
Paris,  ser.  2,  VIII.  218  (PI.  David.  11.  36)  (1885). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  roadsides,  alt.  1700-2500  m., 
August  1908  (No.  579,  in  part;  bush  1-1.25  m.  high,  flowers  deep  pink); 
west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  2753;  bush,  1  m.  high,  flowers  red);  Mupin,  roadsides,  alt. 
1300-2000  m.,  August  1908  (No.  579,  in  part;  bush,  1-1.25  m.  high, 
flowers  deep  pink);  Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  4841, 
4842);  South  Wushan,  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  997,  in  part,  as  to 
the  fruiting  specimen);  without  precise  locality,  E.  Faber  (No.  543). 
Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  roadsides,  alt.  1000- 
1700  m.,  July  and  November  1907  (No.  579,  in  part;  bush,  0.75-1.75 
m.  high,  flowers  pink) ;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  roadsides,  alt.  1000-1700  m., 
July  1907  (No.  579,  in  part;  bush,  0.75-1.75  m.  high,  flowers  pink); 
Fang  Hsien,  September  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1510). 

The  specimen  from  Mupin  is  glabrous,  and  the  leaves  glaucescent  beneath  and 
so  approaches  the  var.  Fortunei.  The  specimen  from  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien  is  only 
slightly  pubescent  on  the  veins,  while  all  the  other  specimens  are  more  densely 
pubescent  beneath,  but  green,  not  glaucescent  as  described  by  Franchet. 

Here  may  be  added  a  new  variety  from  Yunnan  collected  by  A.  Henry: 

Spiraea  japonica,  var.  stellaris  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  dense  et  argute  duplicato-serratis  subtus  ad  venas  pilosis 
4-5  cm.  longis,  folliculis  stellatim  erecto-patentibus  minoribus  2  mm.  longis. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SPIRAEA  453 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  south-western  mountains,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (No. 
9280;  shrub,  2  m.  high). 

The  spreading  foUiclcs,  which  are  not  upright  as  in  the  type,  and  the  very  dense 
and  closely  serrate  leaves  give  to  this  plant  a  very  distinct  appearance,  and  when 
the  flowers  are  known,  it  may  possibly  prove  to  be  a  distinct  species. 

Spiraea  Fritschiana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  477  (1905). 

Spiraea  japonica,  var.  typica  Gilg  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXXIV.  Beibl.  LXXV.  39 
(non  Thunberg)  (1904). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  roadsides,  moist  places,  alt. 
1000-1300  m..  May  1907  (No.  2750;  bush,  1-1.25  m.  high);  without 
precise  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  987).  Shensi:  Kin- 
ten-shan,  July  14,  1897,  G.  Giraldi:  "Kan-y-san,  Lao-y-san,"  June 
11-12,  1897,  G.  Giraldi.  Shantung:  Tsingtau,  1901,  Zimmerman 
(No.  382). 

This  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  S.  betulifolia  Pallas;  the  flowers  are 
apparently  white,  about  7-8  mm.  in  diameter;  the  disk  is  conspicuous,  annular  and 
crenate  at  the  margin;  the  stamens  are  much  longer  than  the  petals;  and  the  carpels 
are  villose;  the  outside  of  the  calyx  and  the  inflorescence  are  quite  glabrous  and 
usually  purplish  like  the  young  branchlets.  Probably  Forbes'  specimens  from  Chifu, 
referred  by  Hemsley  to  S.  betulifolia,  belong  to  this  species. 

Spiraea  Fritschiana,  var.  angulata  Rehder,  n.  var. 
Spiraea  angulata  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  477  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changlo  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1000-1700 
m.,  June  1907  (No.  2749;  bush,  1.25-2  m,  high,  flowers  pink  and  white). 
Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910  Wm.  Purdom  (Nos.  1,  3);  "Lao-y-san," 
June  4,  1897,  J.  Giraldi:  "  Ta-sce-truen,"  September  18,  1897,  J. 
Giraldi.  Shantung  :  Tsingtau,  Zmmermanw  (No.  344).  Shinking: 
Tsien-shan,  June  7,  1906,  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  92).  Korea:  "Mt.  des 
Diamants,"  June  22,  1901,  U.  Faurie  (No.  312). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  in  its  glabrous  leaves  which  vary  in  shape  from 
broadly  ovate  and  subcordate  at  the  base,  as  in  the  original  specimen  of  »S.  angu- 
lata, to  oblong-elliptic;  No.  344  from  Tsingtau  is  represented  in  the  Arnold  Arbo- 
retum Herbarium  by  two  branches,  one  with  subcordate  and  broadly  ovate  leaves, 
the  other  with  elliptic  and  cuneate  leaves,  both  about  4-5  cm.  long;  No.  2749  from 
Hupeh  is  also  represented  by  two  branches,  one  with  elliptic  leaves  3-4  cm.  long, 
the  other  with  elliptic-oblong  leaves  7-10  cm.  long.  The  fact  that  the  pubescent 
and  the  glabrous  form  are  found  together  at  Tsingtau  and  appear  again  both  in 
Hupeh  and  Shensi,  is  a  further  proof  that  they  are  only  varieties  of  one  species. 
The  specimen  from  Shingking  resembles  the  type  of  this  variety  in  its  distinctly 
ovate  leaves,  but  they  are  rounded  and  inclined  to  be  broadly  cuneate,  never  sub- 
cordate at  the  base,  and  do  not  exceed  3.5  cm.  in  length.  The  specimen  from  Korea 
differs  more  widely  in  its  oblong  or  elliptic-oblong  and  nearly  doubly  serrate  leaves. 


454  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

This  may  be  a  distinct  species,  but  with  the  material  before  me  I  am  unable  to  find 
other  differences. 

Spiraea  Miyabei  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXIII.  166  (1909). 

Japan:  Yezo,  near  Sapporo,  on  hills  to  the  west,  June  1890,  K. 
Miyahe;  banks  of  the  Togobira  River,  June  11,  1885  (Herh.  Agric.  Col- 
lege, Sapporo). 

The  specimens  before  me  seem  to  difTer  from  the  original  description  only  in  the 
somewhat  broader  leaves  which  are  2-3  cm.  broad  and  therefore  ovate  to  ovate- 
oblong.  A  number  of  related  forma  appear  in  western  and  central  China  which 
I  am  unable  to  separate  specifically  from  S.  Miyabei.  From  S.  japonica  Thunberg 
they  differ  in  the  glabrous  branchlets,  the  slender  petioles,  the  stalked,  leafless  and 
rather  compact  inflorescence,  the  glabrous  or  glabrescent  calyx,  and  in  the  white 
flowers;  from  S.  bella  Sims  they  differ  in  the  perfect,  usually  white  flowers,  the  larger 
leafless  inflorescence  with  nearly  horizontally  spreading  branches,  the  glabrous  young 
branchlets,  and  in  the  larger  usually  acuminate,  doubly  serrate  leaves;  from  S.  betuli- 
folia  Pallas  in  the  slenderer  petioles,  the  acuminate  doubly  serrate  leaves,  and  in  the 
usually  pubescent  inflorescence;  and  from  S.  Fritschiana  Schneider  in  the  doubly 
serrate  leaves,  in  the  terete  or  nearly  terete  pale  branches,  and  in  the  usually  pu- 
bescent inflorescence.  In  foliage  they  resemble  also  *S.  anomala  Batalin  and  S. 
laeta  Rehder,  and  in  habit  S.  chamaedryfolia  Linnaeaus;  they  are,  however,  at  once 
distinguished  from  these  three  species  by  the  compound  inflorescence. 

Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  glabrata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  inflorescentia  glabra,  foliis  basi  late  cunea- 
tis,  sed  interdum  fere  rotundatis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  etc.,  alt.  1300- 
1800  m.,  June  4  and  August  1907  (No.  195;  bush,  1-1.75  m.  high, 
flowers  white,  type);  mountains  north  of  Ichang,  alt.  1300-1600  m. 
(No.  385,  seeds  only);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  4  and  November  1907  (No.  577;  bush,  1-1.75  m.  high,  flowers 
pinkish).  Changlo  Hsien,  moist  places  on  roadsides,  alt.  1000-1600  m., 
June  1907  (No.  2751;  bush,  1-1.75  m.  high,  flowers  white);  without 
precise  locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1199).  Shensi:  Tai- 
pei-shan,  July  4,  1910,  Wm.  Purdom  (No.  7) ;  valleys  leading  to  Tai- 
pei-shan,  July  1,  1908,  Wm.  Purdom  (No.  427;  bush,  2  m.,  flowers 
white). 

This  variety  somewhat  resembles  in  its  glabrous  inflorescence  S.  betulaefolia 
Pallas  and  S.  Fritschiana  Schneider  but  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  characters 
pointed  out  in  the  note  under  the  species.  Nos.  2751  and  1199  differ  from  the  type 
of  this  variety  in  their  larger  leaves,  up  to  10  cm.  long  and  5.5  cm.  broad;  the  flowers 
also  are  somewhat  larger. 

A  picture  of  this  shrub  in  full  bloom  will  be  found  under  No.  0107  of  Wilson's 
collection  of  photographs. 


ROSACE  AE.  —  SIBIRAEA  455 

Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  pilosula  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  basi  cuncatis  subtus  ad  costam  venasque  ad- 
presse  villosis,  supra  sparsius  adpresse  pilosis  v.  fere  glabris,  saepius 
magis  profundi  inciso-serratis,  calyce  extus  sparse  piloso. 

Western  Hupeli:  Hsing-shan  Hsicn,  woodlands,  etc.,  alt.  1000- 
1600  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  2756,  type;  bush,  1-2  m.  high, 
branches  arching,  flowers  white);  same  locahty,  June  1907  (No.  2757; 
bush,  1.25-2  m.  high;  flowers  white);  without  precise  locality,  ^4.. 
i/enr?/ (No.  6333).  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan,  May  1901  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  997,  in  part,  as  to  the  flowering  specimen) ;  without  precise 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5628). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  cuneate  leaves  pubescent  below. 
The  forms  with  more  deeply  incised  leaves,  as  No.  997  and  Henry's  5628,  have 
some  resemblance  to  S.  Rosthornii  Pritzel,  but  are  easily  distinguished  from  it  by 
the  short  and  small  winter-buds,  the  glabrous  or  glabrescent  branchlets,  and  by 
the  less  pubescent  inflorescence. 

Here  may  be  added  the  description  of  yet  another  variety  based  on  material 
collected  during  the  Veitch  expedition: 

Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  tenuifolia  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  majoribus  ad  7  cm.  longis  et  3.5  cm.  latis  basi  cuneatis, 
subtus  glaucescentibus,  petiolis  gracilioribus  ad  1  cm.  longis,  ramulis  perfecte 
teretibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4840). 


SIBIRAEA  Maxim. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 
Sibiraea  laevigata  Maximowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  215  (1879). 

Spiraea  laevigata  Linnaeus,  Mant.  II.  244  (October  1771).  —  Kerner,  Darstcll. 

Vorzuegl.  Ausl.  Baeum.  Gestr.  4,  t.  29  (1796).  —  Guimpel,  Otto  &  Haj-ne, 

Abbild.  Holz.  113,  t.  89  (1825). 
Spiraea  altaiensis  Laxmann,  in  Acad.  Sci.  Petrop.  Conim.  Nov.  XV.  554,  t.  29 

(1771). 
Sibiraea  altaiensis  Schneider,  III.    Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  486,  fig.  297   e-f, 

298  i-p  (1905). 

Sibiraea  laevigata,  var.  angustata  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  fohis  anguste  lanceolatis  3-10  cm.  longis  et  7-15  mm. 
latis  acutiuscuUs  mucronatis,  nervis  minus  distinctis  vix  curvatis  et 
praecipue  inflorescentia  et  interdum  tubo  calycis  breviter  villosis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien  uplands, 
alt.  4000-4500  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  2773,  type;  shrub,  1-1.30  m. 


456  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

high) ;  without  precise  locahty,  heath,  alt.  3600-4500  m.,  August  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3547);  shrub  1-1.60  m.  high.  Western  Kansu  : 
Min-chou,  Tow  River,  alt.  3300  m.,  1911,  and  Min-chow  and  Choni 
districts,  1911,  W.  Purdom  (No.  791). 

This  variety  differs  chiefly  in  its  pubescent  inflorescence  from  the  type  and  from 
S.  laevigata,  var.  croatica  Schneider,  but  resembles  the  latter  in  habit  and  in  the 
narrow,  indistinctly  veined  leaves,  though  in  the  var.  croatica  they  are  always  obtuse 
and  sometimes  even  emarginate,  while  in  the  var.  angustata  they  are  hardly  ob- 
tuse and  rather  gradually  narrowed  into  the  mucronate  apex;  in  the  type  the 
leaves  are  always  distinctly  oblanceolate  or  even  oblong-obovate  and  are  some- 
times 2.5  cm.  broad  by  9  cm.  long.  A  plant  raised  from  Chinese  seed  collected 
by  Mr.  Wilson  agrees  in  the  shape  of  the  leaves  with  the  Chinese  herbarium 
specimens,  but  the  inflorescence  is  glabrous  or  nearly  so,  which  would  tend  to  show 
that  this  character  is  not  to  be  depended  upon.  Among  Purdom's  specimens  I  also 
find  a  single  branch  with  a  glabrous  inflorescence,  while  all  the  others  were  distinctly 
villose. 

I  have  retained  the  speciflc  name  laevigata  for  the  plant,  as  I  am  not  convinced 
that  the  volume  which  contained  Laxmann's  description  was  published  earlier 
than  Linnaeus'  Mantissa,  which  appeared  in  October  1771.  Laxmann  read  his 
paper  at  the  June  meeting,  1771,  of  the  St.  Petersburg  Academy,  but  the  volume 
containing  his  paper  and  dated  1771  was  probably  published  not  much  before  the 
end  of  that  year.  (See  also  Ascherson  in  Sitzb.  Ges.  Naturf.  Freunde,  Berlin,  1905, 
220). 

EXOCHORDA  Lindl. 
Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 
Exochorda  racemosa  Rehder,  n.  comb. 

Amelanchier  racemosa  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXIIII.  sub  t.  38  (1847). 

Spiraea  grandiflora  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXX.  t.  4795  (1854).  —  Planchon 
in  Fl.  des  Serr.  IX.  247,  t.  954  (1854). 

Exochorda  grandiflora  Lindley  in  Gard.  Chron.  1858,  925.  —  Hance  in  Jour. 
Bot.  XVI.  10  (1878).  —  S.  Moore  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  138  (1878).  —  Maxi- 
mowicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  VI.  230  (1879).  —  Lavall6e,  Icon.  Arb.  Segrez. 
37,  t.  11-12  (1880).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  228  (1887).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  494,  fig.  301  (1905). 

Chekiang:  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor.  Kianghuai:  Nanking, 
Barchet  (No.  229) ;  without  precise  locality,  E.  Faher.    Also  in  Kiangsu. 

Exochorda  racemosa,  var.  Wilsonii  Rehd.,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  praecipue  foliis,  floribus,  fructibus  majoribus,  petalis 
angustioribus  basi  sensim  et  longe  angustatis.  Folia  obovata,  ovalia 
V.  elliptica,  interdum  supra  medium  dentata,  ad  7  cm.  longa  et  3.5 
lata.    Petala  ad  2.5  cm.  longa.    Fructus  turbinatus,  1.5  cm.  longus. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  May 
25  and  October  1907  (No.  397,  in  part,  type;  bush  2-3.25  m.,  flowers 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  457 

white,  occasionally  tinged  pink);  Changlo  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1300  m., 

May  1907  (No.  397,  in  part;  bush,  3.25  m.,  flowers  white). 

This  variety  is  larger  in  every  part  and  more  vigorous  than  the  type ;  the  flowers 
are  open  in  the  centre  on  account  of  the  longer  and  narrower  claws  of  the  petals. 
Here  may  be  added  a  variety  from  Shensi: 

Exochorda  racemosa,  var.  Giraldii  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Exochorda  Giraldii  Hesse  in  Milteil.   Deutsch.   Dendr.  Ges.  XVII.  191,  219 
(1908),  XVIII.  295,  fig.  (1909);  in  Fedde  Rej).  Spec.  Nov.  VIII.  347  (1910). 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  omnibus  integris,  rarissime  indistincte  crenato-serratis 
graciliter  petiolatis  petiolis  ad  2.5  longis  plerumque  purpureis,  ramulis  pallide 
brunneis  v.  purpureis,  fructibus  turbinatis  13  mm.  longis. 

The  slender  red  petioles  give  to  this  variety  a  very  distinct  appearance ;  even  at  the 
end  of  the  branchlets  where  the  petioles  of  the  type  and  of  var.  Wilsonii  are  hardly 
1  cm.  long,  they  are  in  this  variety  about  2  cm.  long.  The  leaves  are  of  firmer 
texture  only  very  rarely  slightly  serrate  and  smaller  than  those  of  the  preceding 
variety  which  it  resembles  in  flower  and  fruit.  In  the  original  description  the 
flowers  were  described  as  "  rubro-maculata,"  but  this  is  apparently  an  error,  and 
the  petals  are  normally  white. 

Shensi :  "Lao-y-san,"  1897,  G.  Giraldi;  "Kin-qua-san,"  July  10, 1897,  G.  Giraldi; 
Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  1);  Moutan-shan,  north-west  of  Han-cheng 
Hsien,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  361);  "Hu-kia-scien,"  1897,  Hugh  Scallan. 


SORBUS  L. 

Subgen.    AUCUPARIA. 
Determined  by  E.  Koehne. 

Sorbus  expansa  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  8-metraHs;  truncus  20  cm.  diam;  rami  suppetentes  crassi, 
5-8  mm.  diam.,  sordide  cinerei;  gemmae  1.5-1.8  cm.  longae,  apice 
parce  rufo-villosae.  Stipulae  herbaceae,  magnae,  10-14  mm.  latae, 
dentatae,  dentibus  seta  decidua  terminatis,  autumno  deciduae;  folia 
cum  petiolo  2.5-5  cm.  longo  9.5-18.5  cm.  longa,  (6-)7-juga;  rhachis  ex- 
alata,  densissime  tomentoso-albicans  v.  -subochracea,  interstitiis  circi- 
ter  0.8-1.4  (-2)  cm.  longis;  foliola  infima  2  minora,  cetera  aequilonga 
V.  suprema  tantum  subdecrescentia,  basi  primo  aspectu  acuta 
sed  revera  hinc  anguste  cordata  (lobulo  rhachin  tegente),  late 
lanceolata  v.  lanceolato-elliptica,  majora  3.5-6  cm.  longa,  0.9-1.3 
cm.  lata,  sensim  angustata  v.  subacuminata  acutissima  mucronata, 
tertia  v.  dimidia  parte  Integra,  superne  argute  serrulata  dentibus 
angustissimis  v.  fere  subulatis  porrectis  utrinsecus  circiter  6-18, 
supra  in  costa  nervisque  densius  ceterum  parcissime  v.  haud  albido- 


458  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

villosa  mox  glabrata,  subtus  inifio  dense  lanata  sed  mox  in  costa 
tantum  pubescenti-villosa  ceterum  glabra  v.  in  nervis  inferioribus 
parce  villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  14-16  teneris  subtus  promin- 
ulis,  reticulo  tenerrimo  subtus  saturatius  eolorato,  juvenilia  membra- 
nacea;  epidermis  sub  microscopic  utrinque  irregulariter  striata  sed 
epapillosa.  Inflorescentia  ramum  elongatum  terminans,  12-16  cm. 
lata,  6-9  cm.  longa  valde  convexa,  ramulis  primariis  patentissimis 
expansa,  ante  anthesin  e  glomerulis  multis  confertifloris  composita, 
tomento  densissimo  subochraceo-albicans,  autumno  glabrata,  in 
pedunculo  et  intra  basin  ipsam  folia  circiter  7  gerens.  Flores  nimium 
juveniles  (alabastris  suppetentibus  vix  ultra  1  mm.  diam.);  carpidia 
3  v.  4,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  villosiuscula.  Fructus  globo- 
sus,  circiter  5-6  mm.  diam.,  ruber,  sepalis  horizontaliter  inflexis. 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1300- 
2300  m.,  May  and  October  1907  (No.  406). 

A  very  distinct  species,  which  is  not  only  well  marked  by  the  white  tomentum 
of  the  petioles,  rhachis  and  the  axes  of  the  inflorescence,  but  also  by  the  unusually 
numerous  large  stipules  of  often  abortive  leaves  on  the  peduncle  and  at  the  base 
of  the  inflorescence.     Here  may  possibly  belong: 

S.  Wilsojiianaf  var.  (a)  nova  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2,  VI. 
313  (1906).  "  DifTert  foliis  angustioribus,  subtus  magis  pubescentibus,  foliola 
maxima?:  2  cm.  Hupeh,  Henry  (No.  3757).  Noch  junge  Exemplare  mit  unent- 
wickelten  Blutenstanden,  die  hochst  wahrscheinlich  spater  vom  Typ  abweichen." 

Sorbus  Wilsoniana  C.  K.  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2, 
VI.  312  (1906);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  671,  fig.  367  k,  368  p-q 
(1906). 

Ad  descriptionem  addenda  v.  emendanda:  Arbor  5-10-metralis; 
rami  5-7  mm.  diam.,  cinerei;  gemmae  sub  anthesi  0.5  cm.  longae, 
summo  apice  tantum  albo-sericeae.  Stipulae  saltem  folii  supremi 
herbaceae  magnae,  ad  10  mm.  latae,  dentatae  dentibus  seta  decidua 
terminatis,  inferiores  jam  sub  anthesi  deciduae;  folia  cum  petiolo  4.5- 
6.5  cm.  longo  22-25  cm.  longa,  6-7-juga;  rhachis  exalata,  subtus 
parce  v.  densiuscule  pubescens,  interstitiis  1.8-2.3  cm.  longis;  fohola 
inde  a  pari  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum  decrescentia,  superiora  aequalia 
V.  supremi  paris  minora,  basi  hinc  rotundata  v.  subcordata,  illinc 
versus  costam  contracte,  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  majora  6-8.3 
cm.  longa,  2-2.8  cm.  lata,  acutissima  v.  vix  acuminata,  tertia  v. 
dimidia  parte  Integra,  superne  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter 
8-20,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  17-20  subtus  prominulis,  reticulo 
tenerrimo  subtus  saturatius  eolorato,  juveniha  membranacea;    epi- 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  459 

dermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  epapillosa  v,  hinc  inde  circa  stomata 
obscure  papillosa,  ceterum  irregulariter  reticulato-striata  cellularum 
limitibus  plus  minus  absconditis.  Inflorescentia  verisimiliter  ramum 
longiorem  terminans,  15-17  cm.  lata,  9  cm.  longa,  subconvcxa  v. 
valde  convexa,  densiflora,  parce  pubescens;  flores  mense  Majo  aperti; 
cupula  glabra  v.  basi  parum  pilosa;  sepala  glabra;  petola  circiter  3.3 
mm.  longa,  glabra  v.  supra  piles  paucissimis  tenerrimis  barbulata, 
staminibus  subaequilonga,  alba.  Carpidia  3,  4,  inde  a  placenta  segre- 
gata,  apice  cum  stylorum  basi  lanata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  1907  (No.  553,  flowering  branches;  the  fruiting  branches  belong 
to  Micromeles  sp.);  Patung,  May  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  985). 

Sorbus  Esserteauiana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  v.  arbor  4-8-metralis;  rami  5-6  mm.  diam.,  cinerei;  gemmae 
autumno  0.7  cm.  longae,  albicanti-sericeae.  Stipulae  herbaceae, 
inferiores  parvulae  5-7  mm.,  supremae  magnae  10-17  mm.  latae, 
dentatae,  dentibus  seta  decidua  terminatis;  folia  cum  petiolo  4-5 
cm.  longo  15-26  cm.  longa,  5-6  juga;  rhachis  exalata,  laxe  lanata 
demum  plus  minus  glabrata,  supra  purpurascens,  interstitiis  1.8-4  cm. 
longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  deorsum  decrescentia,  cetera  aequalia 
V.  suprema  minora,  e  basi  hinc  rotundata,  illinc  pauUo  supra  basin 
contracta,  oblonga  v.  late  lanceolata,  majora  5-9  cm.  longa,  1.7-2.8 
cm.  lata,  apice  angustata  v.  subacuminata  acutissima,  basi  v.  tertia 
parte  Integra,  ceterum  argute  serrulata  v.  serrata  dentibus  utrinsecus 
circiter  8-20  patulis,  supra  laete  viridia  glabra,  subtus  molliter  lanato- 
tomentosa  viridi-albicantia,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  12-16  supra 
demum  leviter  impressis  subtus  prominulis,  reticulo  supra  vix 
prominulo  subtus  sub  tomento  abscondito,  papyracea,  demum  sub- 
coriacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  summopere  reticulato- 
papillosa,  papillis  confertis  elatis  apice  scaberrimis.  Inflorescentia 
ramum  verisimiliter  longiorem  terminans,  11.5-14  cm.  lata,  8-9  cm. 
longa,  subconvexa  v.  valde  convexa,  patens,  densiflora,  lanato- 
tomentosa  albicans  v.  inferne  glabriuscula,  demum  multo  glabrior; 
flores  versus  finem  mensis  Junii  aperti;  cupula  lanato-albicans; 
sepala  margine  apiceque  glabra;  petala  circiter  4  mm.  longa,  ex 
unguiculo  brevissimo  latissimo  rotundato-ovata,  glabra,  filamentis 
aequilonga;  carpidia  3  v.  4,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  lanata. 
Fructus  globosus,  circiter  4-6  mm.  diam.,  scarlatinus,  sepalis  oblique 
connidentibus. 


460  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  cliffs,  rare,  alt.  2600  m., 
June  22,  1908  (No.  3012);  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1128). 

This  species  I  have  named  at  the  request  of  Mr.  Wilson  in  compliment  of  Dr. 
Esserteau,  bacteriologist,  at  one  time  attached  to  the  Medical  School  at  Chengtu, 
to  whom  Mr.  Wilson  is  indebted  for  much  kindly  service  during  the  years  1908 
and  1910. 

Sorbus  Conradinae  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-8-metralis  trunco  20-25  cm.  diam.;  rami  5-8  mm.  diam., 
cinerei;  gemmae  0.7-1  cm.  longae,  supra  medium  v.  summo  apice 
tantum  albicanti-sericeae.  Stipulae  herbaceae,  magnae,  circiter 
1  cm.  latae,  dentatae,  pro  parte  v.  omnes  persistentes;  folio  cum 
petiolo  2.5-6  cm.  longo  (16-)20-27  cm.  longa,  5-6-juga;  rhachis 
exalata,  lanato-tomentosa,  demum  plus  minus  glabrata,  saepe  pur- 
purea, interstitiis  2-2.7  cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  deorsum 
sursumque  decrescentia,  basi  hinc  rotundata,  illinc  supra  basin 
contracta,  oblonga  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  media  6-8  cm.  longa, 
2-3.2  cm.  lata,  breviter  angustata  v.  subacuminata  acutissima,  basi 
V.  quarta  parte  Integra  ceterum  argute  serrata  dentibus  pro  parte 
subduplicatis,  primariis  utrinsecus  circiter  10-22  patulis,  supra 
glabra,  subtus  lanato-tomentosa  alba  costa  ochracea  v.  purpurascente, 
nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  12-15  supra  argute  impressis  subtus  valde 
prominentibus,  reticulo  supra  prominulo  subtus  sub  tomento  abscon- 
dito,  demum  coriacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  summopere 
reticulato-papillosa,  papillis  elatis  confertis  apice  scaberrimis.  In- 
florescentia  verisimiliter  ramum  longiorem  terminans,  12-14  cm. 
lata,  8-20  cm.  longa,  convexa,  densiflora,  initio  verisimiliter  albo- 
tomentosa  sed  autumno  plus  minus  glabrata.  Flores  ignoti ;  carpidia 
4,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  villosiuscula.  Fructus  globosus 
circiter  4-6  mm.  diam.,  scarlatinus  v.  rubro-aurantiacus  sepalis 
horizontaliter  inflexis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien  alt. 
2000-2500  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1015);  same  locality,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4156);  Pan-lan-shan, 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  3000  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4321). 

The  species  is  named  for  the  wife  of  the  author.  It  differs  from  S.  Esserteauiana 
Koehne  in  its  broader  leaflets  with  the  veins  deeply  impressed  above  and  strongly 
elevated  beneath,  and  in  their  snowy  white,  not  greenish  white,  under  surface. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  461 

Sorbus  Sargentiana  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  6-10-metralis  trunco  10-25  cm.  diam.,  rami  5-8  mm.  diam., 
pallide  olivaceo-cinerei;  gemmae  circiter  1.2  cm.  longae,  parcissime 
villosae.  Stipulae  herbaceae,  magnae,  10-17  mm.  latae,  dentatae, 
saltem  pro  parte  persistentes;  folia  cum  petiolo  (4-)5-7  cm.  longo 
(18-)22-28  cm.  longa,  (3-)4-5-juga;  rhachis  exalata,  pubescenti- 
tomentosa  demum  plus  minus  glabrata  ac  purpurascens,  interstitiis 
2.5-3.2  cm.  longis;  foliola  pari  infimo  supremoque  minore  excepto 
subaequalia  v.  aequalia,  basi  hinc  rotundata  illinc  supra  basin  con- 
tracta,  oblongo-lanceolata,  majora  8.5-13.5  cm.  longa,  2.6-3.9  cm.  lata, 
longe  sensim  acuminata  acutissima,  tertia  v.  quarta  parte  Integra 
superne  argute  serrata  v.  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter 
28-52,  supra  parce  tenerrime  villosa  mox  glabrata,  subtus  in  costa 
nervisque  densius  ceterum  parce  Janata  demum  glabrata,  costa  subtus 
subochracea,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  20-35  supra  leviter  demum 
argute  impressis  subtus  prominentibus,  reticulo  supra  obscuro  v. 
parum  impresso  subtus  demum  pro  parte  prominente,  chartacea  v. 
demum  subcoriacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  reticulato- 
papillosa  papillis  brevibus  v.  brevissimis  apice  scaberrimis.  In- 
florescentia  verisimiliter  ramum  longiorem  terminans,  15  cm.  lata, 
8.5-10.5  cm.  longa,  convexa,  confertiflora,  lanato-tomentosa  albi- 
cans V.  subochracea  demum  subglabra;  flores  mense  Junio  aperti; 
cupula  villoso-tomentosa,  sepala  glabra;  petala  circiter  3.5-4  mm. 
longa,  vix  unguiculata,  ovato-rotundata,  medio  supra  pilis  paucis 
obsita,  alba,  staminibus  subaequilonga  v.  parum  breviora;  carpidia  3 
V.  4,  raro  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  lanata.  Fructus  globosus, 
circiter  5-6  mm.  diam.,  scarlatinus  v.  rubro-aurantiacus,  sepalis  erectis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2300-3200  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3011);  Wa-wu-shan, 
Hung-ya  Hsien,  alt.  2G00  m.,  September  14,  1908  (No.  887);  Mupin, 
woodlands,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4207). 

A  remarkable  species  which  hke  S.  insignis  Hedlund  {Pyrus  insignis  Hooker  f.)  is 
apparently  one  of  the  most  beautiful  of  the  whole  genus. 

Though  Sorbus  insignis,  of  which  I  have  seen  no  si)ecimens,  seems  very  similar 
to  S.  Sargentiana,  it  is  not  probable  that  the  two  are  identical,  because  it  is  rare 
that  China  has  a  species  in  common  with  the  Himalaya.  A  very  large  number  of 
Chinese  plants  have  been  referred  indeed  to  Himalayan  species,  but  mostly  with- 
out justification,  for  a  closer  study  has  shown  almost  always  that  the  Chinese 
species  are  well  distinguished  from  the  supposed  Himalayan  species.  The  number, 
too,  of  species  which  are  common  to  China  and  Japan  is  far  smaller  than  has  been 
generally  supposed.  For  example,  of  the  27  Chinese  species  of  Sorbus  not  a  single 
one  occurs  in  Japan. 


462  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Sorbus  scalaris  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  5-7-metralis;  rami  3-4  mm.  diam.,  cinerei;  gemmae  6  mm. 
longae,  summo  apice  tantum  albo-sericeae.  Stipulae  herbaceae, 
superiores  magnae  ad  11  mm.  latae,  dentatae,  persistentes;  folia  cum 
petiolo  1.5-2.5  cm.  longo  demum  purpurascente  10-18  cm.  longa, 
12-13-juga;  rhachis  superne  angustissime  alata,  laxiuscule  lanata 
dein  glabrescens,  interstitiis  circiter  1  cm.  longis;  foliola  media  aequa- 
lia,  cetera  inde  a  pari  circiter  quarto  deorsum,  a  pari  nono  v.  decimo 
sursum  decrescentia,  patentissima  quasi  scalam  imitantes,  basi  hinc 
subcordata  illinc  obtusa,  late  linearia  marginibus  rectis  parallelis, 
media  2.2-4  cm.  longa,  0.5-0.8  cm.  lata,  obtusa  v.  acuta,  apice  tantum 
dentibus  utrinsecus  1-6  argute  serrulata,  supra  subcano-viridia  glabra, 
subtus  albida  laxeque  arachnoideo-lanata,  costa  subtus  ochracea, 
nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  11-13  supra  impressis  subtus  prominentibus, 
reticulo  supra  prominulo  subtus  inconspicuo,  papyracea  demum 
subcoriacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  valide  reticulato-papillosa 
papillis  apice  scabris.  Inflorescentiae  ramulos  laterales  abbreviatos 
(quorum  pars  vetustior  circiter  2  cm.  longus)  terminantes  (an  etiam 
ramulos  longiores?),  13-14  cm.  latae,  8-10  cm.  longae,  confertiflorae 
glomerulis  saepe  subremotis,  dense  albo-lanatae  demum  plus  minus 
glabratae;  flores  mense  Junio  aperti;  cupula  sepalaque  glabra;  petala 
circiter  3.5  mm.  longa,  brevissime  late  unguiculata,  rotundato-ovata, 
glabra,  alba,  staminibus  circiter  aequilonga;  carpidia  3  v.  4,  summo 
apice  tantum  segregata,  apice  villosa.  Fructus  globosus  circiter  5 
mm.  diam.,  ruber,  sepalis  conniventibus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  922). 

This  species  is  very  near  S.  pluripmnaia  (Schneider)  Koehne  (5.  foliolosa,  var. 
pluripinnata  Schneider);  but  this  latter  has  only  10-12  pairs  of  shorter  leaflets, 
an  inflorescence  9  cm.  in  diameter  and  carpels  separated  to  the  placenta.  Sorbus 
pluripinnata  has  no  close  connection  with  S.  foliolosa;  and  Schneider  seems  to  have 
overlooked  its  large  herbaceous  stipules  which  are  wanting  in  S.  foliolosa. 

Sorbus  Helenae  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  3-7-metralis ;  rami  5-8  mm.  diam.,  cinerei  v.  nigricantes; 
gemmae  sub  anthesi  0.7-0.9  cm.  longae,  glabrae  v.  subglabrae.  Stip- 
ulae siccae,  parvae,  lanceolatae  v.  oblongae,  circiter  3-5  mm.  longae, 
integrae  v.  apice  denticulatae,  sub  anthesi  persistentes;  foHa  cum 
petiolo  2.5-5  cm.  longo  13-20  cm.  longa,  3-4-juga;  rhachis  e  facie 
superiore  alata,  sed  alls  plerumque  inflexis,  glabra  v.  subtus  laxiuscule 
rufo-villosa,  interstitiis  2-2.5  cm.  longis;  foliola  infima  2  paullo  v. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SOEBUS  463 

multo  minora,  cetera  aequalia  v.  suprema  2  paullo  minora,  basi  hinc 
rotundata  v.  subcordata  illinc  paullo  supra  basin  contracta,  oblonga 
V.  late  elliptica,  majora  5-9.5  cm.  longa,  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  brevissime 
acutissime  cuspidata,  basi  v.  quarta  parte  Integra,  ceterum  inaequali- 
ter  hinc  indc  subduplicato-crenulata  v.  crenato-serrulata,  dentibus 
utrinsecus  circiter  30-50  glandula  triangular!  adusta  decidua  termina- 
tis,  supra  nitidula  glabra  v.  pilis  longis  rufis  teneris  conspersa,  subtus 
pallidius  viridia  secus  costam  parce  v.  dense,  interdum  etiam  secus 
nervos  rufo-lanata  ceterum  glabra  v.  parce  rufo-pilosa,  nervis  utrin- 
secus circiter  15-20  subtus  vix  prominulis,  reticulo  tenero  subtus 
saturatius  colorato,  papyracea;  epidermis  supra  laevis  subtus  epapil- 
losa  striis  paucis  tenerrimis  obsita.  Inflorescentia  ramum  verisi- 
militer  longiorem  terminans,  8-14  cm.  lata,  7-10  cm.  longa,  plana  v. 
convexa  e  glomerulis  densifloris  composita,  basi  subglabra  apice  laxe 
V.  inde  a  basi  dense  rufo-lanata;  flores  fine  mensis  Junii  aperti;  cupula 
glabra,  sepala  rufo-ciliata;  petala  circiter  4  mm.  longa,  e  basi  late 
cuneata  rotundato-ovata,  glabra,  alba,  staminibus  duplo  longiora; 
carpidia  5,  tota  connata,  apice  glabra,  sed  styli  ima  basi  villosiuscula. 
Fructus  ignotus. 

Duae  forsan  formae  distinguendae: 

Sorbus  Helenae,  f.  subglabra  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Rhachis  glabra;  foliola  longiora  angustiora  longitudine  latitudinem 
triplam  v.  fere  quadruplam  aequante,  supra  glabra,  subtus  juxta 
costam  nervosque  brevius  minusque  dense  rufo-lanata  ceterum  glabra. 
Inflorescentiae  inferne  glabrae,  superne  laxiuscule  rufo-lanatae. 

Western  Szech'uan:  summit  of  the  Niu-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan 
Hsien,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  30,  1908  (No.  3009). 

Sorbus  Helenae,  f.  rufidula  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Rhachis  subtus  rufo-lanata;  foliola  breviora  latiora  longitudine 
latitudinem  duplam  aequante  vel  paullo  superante,  utrinque  pilis 
conspersa  subtusque  in  costa  nervisque  densissime  rufo-lanata.  In- 
florescentiae inde  a  basi  dense  rufo-lanatae. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3010). 

Named  for  the  daughter  of  the  author. 

A  remarkable  and  distinct  species  witli  the  thick  branches  and  the  large,  not 
numerous  leaflets  of  all  the  preceding  species  from  S.  expansa  to  S.  Sargentiana,  but 
in  other  characters  very  different  from  them. 


464  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Here  belongs  possibly : 

S.  Wilsonianaf  var.  (b)  nova  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  ser.  2,  VI.  313 
(1906).  Differt  foliis  4-6-jugis  ad  20  cm.  longis,  foliolis  5.5:  2.2  cm.,  obtusis, 
paullo  minoribus,  distantioribus,  serraturis  acutioribus,  inflorescentiis  laxioribus, 
petalis  intus  basi  villosis,  stylis  5,  carpellis  ut  videtur  omnino  connatis. 

To  this  "  variety  "  may  be  referable  Pratt's  specimen  No.  223  quoted  by 
Schneider  in  his  III.  Handb.  Laiihholzk.  I.  671  (1906)  and  figured  under  Fig.  367 
k  2  and  369  q. 

Sorbus  Rehderiana  Koehne,  n.  sp.^ 

Frutex  v.  arbor  frutescens  3-8-metralis ;  rami  5-8  mm.  diam., 
cinereo-nigricantes;  gemmae  0.8-1.3  cm.  longae,  glabrae  v.  raro  e 
squamarum  marginibus  ciliatae.  Stipulae  siccae,  lanceolatae,  3-6  mm. 
longae,  post  anthesin  deciduae,  folia  cum  petiolo  1-2  cm.  longo  10- 
15  cm.  longa,  7-9(-10)-juga;  rhachis  alata,  glabra,  interstitiis  1-1.4 
cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  tertio  v.  quarto  pari  deorsum  sursumque 
subdecrescentia,  basi  oblique  rotundata  v.  hinc  acuta,  oblongo- 
lanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  media  2.5-5  cm.  longa,  0.8-1.3  cm.  lata, 
cuspidato-  v.mucronato-acuta,  vix  tertia  v.  saepe  dimidia  parte  Integra, 
superne  serrulata,  dentibus  saepe  subincurvis  utrinsecus  circiter 
10-20,  supra  nitidula  parcissime  tenerrime  villosa  mox  glabrata, 
margine  ciliolata  mox  glabrata,  subtus  pallidiora  costa  subochracea, 
glaberrima  v.  in  costa  pubescentia,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  10-18 
reticuloque  teneris  supra  subimpressis  subtus  saturatius  coloratis, 
juvenilia  rigidula  adulta  subcoriacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus 
epapillosa  irregulariter  striata  cellularum  limitibus  absconditis  v. 
pro  parte  laevis  cellulis  manifestis.  Inflorescentiae  nunc  ramulum 
longiorem  nunc  ramulos  breves  laterales  crassos  terminantes,  2.5- 
6.5  cm.  latae,  3.5-5.5  cm.  longae,  planae  v.  convexae,  satis  densiflorae, 
parce  fusco-villosae,  demum  plus  minus  glabratae;  flores  initio  mensis 
Julii  aperti;  cupula  glabra,  sepala  ciliata;  petala  circiter  5  mm.  longa, 
e  basi  breviter  late  unguiculata,  ovata,  glabra,  alba,  staminibus  duplo 
longiora;  carpidia  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  villosiuscula, 
styli  glabri.  Fructus  globosus,  circiter  6-7  mm.  diam.,  albidus  v. 
carneus  ("  flesh-pink  ")  v.  roseo-purpurascens  {"  reddish-purple  "), 
sepalis  apice  incurvis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3300  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1266);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3000- 
3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  41 14);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October   1910  (No.  4092);  north-east  of 

*  Descriptio  exclusa  varietate. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  465 

Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3300-4000  m.,  July  7,   1908  (No.  3005); 
west  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1281). 

A  very  remarkable  and  distinct  species,  allied  to  the  preceding  with  equally 
dark  branches,  though  quite  different  in  the  leaflets  and  inflorescence. 

Sorbus  Rehderiana,  var.  grosseserrata  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Gemmae  apice  rufo-sericeae.  Folia  cum  petiolo  1.2-2.5  cm.  longo 
11.5-18  cm.  longa,  (7-)10-ll-juga;  foliola  media  2.5-3.8  cm.  longa, 
0.8-1.3  cm.  lata,  multo  profundius  serrata  quam  in  typo,  etiam  sub- 
tus  parce  longe  villosa,  adulta  chartacea;  epidermis  subtus  pro  parte 
laevis,  pro  parte  irrcgulariter  striata.  Fructus  ad  11  mm.  (?)  diam., 
albus.     Cetera  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1035,  fruiting  branches 
only;  the  flowering  branches  belong  to  S.  viultijuga  Koehne). 

Sorbus  aperta  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  8-13-metralis  trunco  30-60  cm.  diam.;  rami  ad  4  mm.  diam., 
cinerei;  gemmae  1  cm.  longae,  summo  apice  tantum  lanatae.  Stipulae 
caducae  certe  parvae;  foHa  cum  petiolo  2-4.5  cm.  longo  10-18  cm. 
longa,  (4-)5-juga;  rhachis  exalata,  supra  ad  nodulos  saepe  pilis 
longissimis  albidis  conspersa  ceterum  glabra,  interstitiis  1.3-2  cm. 
longis;  foliola  subaequalia  v.  inde  a  pari  medio  sursum  deorsumque 
subdecrescentia,  basi  acuta  v.  hinc  obtusiuscula,  elliptica  v.  oblongo- 
elliptica,  majora  3-5.5  cm.  longa  1.2-1.7  cm.  lata,  acuta  v.  breviter 
cuspidata,  tertia  circiter  parte  integra  superne  angustissime  serrata 
dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  7-15  patulis,  supra  (autumno)  glabra 
subtus  palhde  cano-viridia,  costa  ochracea,  glabra,  margine  interdum 
basi  parce  ciliolata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  10-16  rcticuloque  supra 
hand  v.  parum  subtus  manifeste  prominulis  pallidis,  chartacea; 
epidermis  supra  striis  brevibus  ramosis  striata,  subtus  sul^papilloso- 
reticulata  papillis  circa  stomata  prominulis  apice  scabris  ceterum 
vix  distinctis,  cellularum  limitibus  absconditis.  Inflorescentia  sup- 
petens  ramulum  latcralem  abbreviatum  1  cm.  longum  terminans, 
12  cm.  lata,  8  cm.  longa,  subconvexa,  laxissima  pauciflora,  glaberrima; 
sepala  glabra;  petala  staminaque  ignota;  carpidia  5,  fere  tota  con- 
nata,  summo  apice  tantum  segregata  lanata.  Fructus  globosus  circiter 
6  mm.  diam.,  albus,  sepalis  omnino  inflexis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  Valley,  Mao-chou,  alt.  2500  m.,  Octo- 


466  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ber  1910  (No.  4155).    Northern  Shensi:  "Ta-sce-tsuen,"  Septem- 
ber 18,  1897,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5129). 

Giraldi's  plant  which  was  referred  by  Schneider  doubtfully  to  S.  pekinensis 
Koehne  is  represented  also  only  by  fruiting  specimens,  and  I  am  at  present  unable  to 
distinguish  it  from  Wilson's  plants  upon  which  the  above  description  is  based. 
As  Giraldi's  specimen  differs  slightly  from  the  type  the  following  should  be  added 
to  the  description:  Stipulaein  ramis  sterilibus  paucissimae  persistentes,  herbaceae 
5-8  mm.  longae,  paucidentatae;  foliola  dentibus  paullo  minoribus  quam  in  typo,  co- 
riacea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  parum  papillosa  reticulato-striata.  Infiores- 
centiae  6-12  cm.  latae  7-10  cm.  longae;  carpidia  4  v.  5,  tota  connata. 

It  is  rare  that  a  species  of  Shensi  occurs  also  in  the  provinces  of  Szech'uan  or 
Hupeh.  A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  0332  of  the  collection  of 
Wilson's  photographs. 

Sorbus  laxiflora  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  8-12-metraHs,  trunco  20-30  cm.  diam.;  rami  ad  5  mm.  diam., 
cinerei;  gemmae  (mense  JuHo)  4  mm.  longae,  glabrae  exceptis  squa- 
marum  marginibus  tenerrime  ciliatis.  Stipulae  siccae,  parvae,  lanceo- 
latae,  caducae;  folia  cum  petiolo  1.5-3.5  cm.  longo  10-16  cm.  longa, 
(6-)7-juga;  rhachis  exalata  v.  apice  angustissime  alata,  ad  nodulos 
supra  parce  tenere  rufo-villosa,  ceterum  glabra,  interstitiis  1-1.3  cm. 
longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum  decrescentia, 
sequentia  aequalia  v.  suprema  2  paullo  minora,  basi  hinc  obtusa 
illinc  subacuta,  oblongo-elliptica,  majora  2-4  cm.  longa,  0.8-1.5  cm. 
lata,  acuta  v.  breviter  cuspidata,  quarta  v.  tertia  parte  Integra  ceterum 
argute  breviter  serrata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  10-20  patulis  v. 
superioribus  subincurvis,  supra  glabra  v.  raro  in  costa  pilis  paucissimis 
conspersa,  subtus  palhde  cano-viridia  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter 
15  reticuloque  supra  baud  subtus  sat  prominulis  pallidis,  subchartacea; 
epidermis  utrinque  irregulariter  ac  pro  parte  reticulato-striata  epapil- 
losa  cellularum  limitibus  absconditis.  Inflorescentiae  nunc  ramulum 
elongatum  nunc  ramulos  laterales  abbreviatos  circiter  1.5  cm.  longos 
terminantes,  9-11  cm.  latae,  8-9  cm.  longae,  laxissimae,  pauciflorae, 
planae  v.  subconvexae,  glabrae  v.  prope  flores  parcissime  tenerrime 
villosae;  cupula  glaberrima,  sepala  apice  sublanata;  petala  stamina- 
que  ignota;  carpidia  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  lanata,  styli 
glabri.    Fructus  immaturi  tantum  suppetentes. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east  of  Tachien-lu, 
alt.  3000-3800  m.,  July  4,  1908  (No.  3008). 

This  very  peculiar  species  forms  with  the  two  following  a  special  group  dis- 
tinguished by  its  small  stipules,  medium-sized  leaves  with  4-7  pairs  of  medium- 
sized  leaflets,  and  by  a  remarkably  loose  inflorescence. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  4G7 

Sorbus  hupehensis  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s^r.  2,  VI. 
316  (1906);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I,  680,  fig.  374  r,  375  n 
(1906). 

Ad  descriptionem  addenda:  Rami  2.5-4  mm.  diam.  Folia  cum 
petiolo  1.5-2.8  cm.  longo  9.5-15  cm.  longa,  7-8-juga;  rhachis  apice 
angustissime  alata,  intcrstitiis  0.5-1.3  cm.  longis;  foliola  circiter  a  pari 
quarto  v.  quinto  deorsum  decrescentia  pari  infimo  multo  minore,  supe- 
riora  subaequalia,  tertia  v.  duabus  tertiis  partibus  integra  ceterum  ar- 
gute breviter  serrata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  2-14,  subtus  juxta 
costae  basin  albo-lanata  imaque  basi  margine  ciliata,  nervis  utrinsecus 
circiter  7-16  reticuloque  supra  parum  impressis  subtus  prominulis  retic- 
ulo  pro  parte  paullo  saturatius  colorato,  papyracea;  epidermis  supra 
striis  brevibus  subramosis  obsita,  subtus  valide  reticulato-papillosa 
papillis  scabris.  Inflorescentiae  in  ramis  elongatis  terminales  2.5-5  cm. 
latae,  5.5-7  cm.  longae,  laxae,  convexae  v.  breviter  conicae,  glabrae  v. 
hinc  inde  parce  villosae;  flores  mense  Junio  aperti;  petala  3  mm.  longa, 
e  basi  late  cuneato-unguiculata  quadrato-ovata,  glabra,  staminibus 
fere  duplo  longiora;  carpidia  4  v.  5  (sec.  cl.  Schneider  3  v.  4),  semi- 
connata?,  villosa. 

Western  Hupeh:  July  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2082). 

Sorbus  hupehensis,  var.  syncarpa  Koehne  n.  var. 

Gemmae  0.6-0.7  cm.  longae,  squamarum  tantum  margine  dense 
breviter  ciliatae.  Stipulae  siccae,  lanceolata  3-4  mm.  longae,  integrae 
V.  apice  herbaceae  bifidae,  pro  parte  usque  ad  mensem  Septembrem 
persistentes.  Folia  7.5-14  cm.  longa,  (6-)7-juga;  foliola  adulta  2.5- 
4.2  cm.  longa,  0.7-1.2  cm.  lata,  subtus  demum  interdum  glal^rata,  sub- 
chartacea;  epidermis  utrinque  irregulariter  ac  pro  parte  reticulato- 
striata  epapillosa  cellularum  limitibus  absconditis.  Inflorescentiae 
suppetentes  secus  ramum  elongatum  laterales,  4-5.5  cm.  latae  7.5  cm. 
longae,  ramulis  pedicellisque  parce  villosis.  Flores  fine  mensis  Maji 
aperti;  cupula  glaberrima;  sepala  ciliata  intusque  villosa;  petala  3 
mm.  longa,  breviter  lateque  unguiculata,  limbo  e  basi  retusa  late 
ovato,  glabra,  reflexa,  staminibus  duplo  longiora;  carpidia  5,  summo 
apice  tantum  segregata,  sub  anthesi  apice  densissime  villosa,  demum 
glabra  v.  parce  pilosa.  Fructus  immaturos  tantum  vidi;  maturi  (teste 
Wilson)  albi. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2500  m.,  September 
1907  (No.  320,  in  part.);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  Wen-tsao-shan,  alt.  2300 
m.,  May  31,  1907  (No.  320,  in  part). 


468  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Sorhus  hupehensis  seems  related  to  Sorbus  Wattii  Koehne  from  Manipur,  a 
well-marked  species  until  recently  confused  with  S.  foliolosa  Spach. 

Sorbus  Prattii  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-4-metralis ;  rami  3-4  mm.  diam.,  sordide  cinerei  v.  demum 
nigro-fusci,  nitiduli;  gemmae  ignotae.  Stipulae  siccae,  lanceolatae,  3 
mm.  longae;  folia  cum  petiolo  1-1.8  cm.  longo  8-13  cm.  longa,  (9-) 
10-12(-13)-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  parce  longe  tenere  lanata  v. 
glabrata,  interstitiis  circiter  0.6-1  cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio 
V.  quarto  deorsum  decrescentia,  media  aequalia,  parum  circiter  4 
superiorum  sensim  sursum  decrescentia,  basi  hinc  obtusissima,  illinc 
subacuta,  media  1.5-2.7  cm.  longa,  0.5-1  cm.  lata,  obtusa  ac  plerum- 
que  mucronata,  basi  v.  tertia  v.  dimidia  parte  Integra  ceterum  argute 
serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  8-15,  supra  glabra,  subtus 
cano-viridia,  laxissime  tenerrime  albide,  secus  costam  saepius  dense 
rufo-lanata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  7-9  saepe  obsoletis  reticuloque 
tenerrimis  subtus  saturatius  coloratis,  papyracea;  epidermis  supra 
nunc  laevis  nunc  dense  striata,  subtus  reticulato-striata  circa  stomata 
V.  ubique  papillosa.  Inflorescentiae  pro  parte  ramum  longiorem,  pro 
parte  ramulos  laterales  brevissimos  v.  vix  4  cm.  longos  terminantes, 
4.5-7,5  cm.  latae,  5.5-6.5  cm.  longae,  laxae  pauciflorae,  planae  v.  vix 
convexae,  parce  v.  parcissime  tenerrime  albido-  v.  subrufo-lanata; 
flores  mense  Junio  aperti;  cupula  glabra,  sepala  intus  villosa;  petala 
5  mm.  longa,  late  breviter  cuneato-unguiculata,  ovata,  medio  supra 
parce  tenere  lanato-barbata,  staminibus  duplo  longiora;  carpidia  4  v.  5, 
tota  connata,  apice  glabra;  styli  basi  v.  tertia  parte  connati,  basi 
pubescentes,    Fructus  ignotus. 

Forsan  formae  duae  distinguendae: 

Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  striata  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Rhachis  inferne  parce  lanata  v.  glabra;  foliola  subtus  etiam  in 
costa  laxe  albide  lanata;  epidermis  supra  striata,  subtus  ubique 
manifeste  papillosa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-4500  m.,  A.  Pratt 
(No.  234). 

Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  laevis  Koehne,  n.  f. 

Rhachis  magis  lanata;  foliola  subtus  in  costa  dense  rufo-lanata; 
epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  nonnisi  circa  stomata  multa  papillosa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3300  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3006). 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  469 

Schneider  referred  Pratt's  specimens  to  the  very  different  Sorhus  microphylla 
(Wallich)  Decaisne. 

Sorbus  munda  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3.3  m.,  v.  arbor  frutescens  3.3-6.6  m.  alta;  rami  2-2.5  mm. 
diam.,  nigricanti-fusci,  nitiduli;  gemmae  0.6-1  cm.  longae,  ovatae, 
supra  medium  parce  rufopilosae.  Stipulae  herbaceae  sed  parvae 
circiter  5  mm.  longae,  ovatae  v.  rotundatae,  paucidentatae,  pleraeque 
persistentes ;  folia  cum  petiolo  1.3-2  cm.  longo  7.5-13.5  cm.  longa, 
10-13-juga;  rhachis  superne  anguste  alata,  glabra,  interstitiis  0.5- 
0.8  cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum,  a  pari 
septimo,  octavo  v.  nono  sursum  subdecrescentia,  basi  obtusissima  v. 
hinc  subacuta,  anguste  oblonga,  media  1.3-2  cm.  longa,  0.4-0.7  cm. 
lata,  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula  saepe  mucronata,  basi  v.  tertia  parte  Integra 
ceterum  argutissime  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  4-12,  supre- 
mis  conniventibus,  glabra  v.  subtus  in  costa  pilosiuscula  v.  tota 
facie  laxe  subrufo-arachnoidea,  subtus  pallide  subcano-viridia,  nervis 
utrinsecus  circiter  4-7  saepe  obsoletis  reticuloque  teneris  subtus 
saturatius  coloratis;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  sat  valide  scabro- 
papillosa,  inter  papillas  parce  v.  baud  reticulato-striata.  Inflorescen- 
tiae  pleraeque  ramulos  brevissimos  laterales,  paucae  ramum  elongatum 
terminantes,  3.5-7  cm.  latae,  4.5-7  cm.  longae,  laxae  pauciflorae,  ut 
videtur  subconvexae,  glabrae.  Flores  ignoti;  carpidia  5,  tota  connata, 
glabra;  styli  liberi,  an  ima  basi  pubescentes?  Fructus  globosus,  ad  7 
mm.  diam.,  albus,  sepalis  subconniventibus. 

Distinguendae  forsan  formae  duae: 

Sorbus  munda,  f.  a.  tatsienensis  Koehne,  n.  f. 
Foliola  10-12-juga,  subtus  glabra  v.  in  costa  tantum  pilosiuscula. 
Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-3300  m., 
September  1908  (No.  991). 

Sorbus  munda,  f.  b.  subarachnoidea  Koehne,  n.  f. 
Foliola  (10-)ll-13-juga,  subtus  laxe  subrufo-arachnoidea. 
Western  Szech'uan:    Pan-lan-shan,  west  of    Kuan  Hsien,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4323). 

Sorbus  aestivalis  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  tenuis  ("thin  tree  ")  6.6  m.  alta;  rami  3  mm.  diam.,  nigri- 
cantes;  gemmae  ignotae.  Stipulae  herbaceae  sed  parvae,  circiter 
6  mm.  longae,  paucidentatae;  folia  cum  petiolo   1.2-1.6  cm.  longo 


470  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

9.5-16  cm.  longa,  14-16-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  glabra,  inter- 
stitiis  0.5-1  cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  circiter  v.  quarto 
deorsum,  a  pari  octavo,  nono  v.  decimo  sensim  sursum  decrescentia, 
basi  suboblique  obtusissima,  late  lanceolata,  inde  a  basi  sensim 
rectilineatim  subangustata,  media  1.6-3.2  cm.  longa,  0.5-0.8  cm.  lata, 
mucronato-cuspidata,  basi  v.  plerumque  dimidia  v.  duabus  tertiis 
partibus  Integra  ceterum  argute  breviter  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus 
circiter  3-14  supremis  saepius  conniventibus,  supra  glabra,  subtus 
vix  pallidiora  subcano-viridia  atque  laxe  tenere,  secus  costam  densius 
subrufo-lanata  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  8-12  subtus  parum  prominulis, 
reticulo  tenerrimo  subtus  saturatius  colorato,  papyracea;  epidermis 
supra  laevis,  subtus  validissime  scabro-papillosa,  inter  papillas  pares 
reticulato-striata.  Inflorescentiae  duae  suppetentes  ramulos  bre- 
vissimos  laterales  terminantes,  7.5-9  cm.  latae,  7-11  cm.  longae, 
planae  v.  convexae,  laxi-  ac  pauciflorae,  glabrae;  flores  mense  Julio 
aperti;  cupula  glabra;  sepala  apice  ciliata;  petala  3.5  mm.  longa, 
basi  late  cuneato-unguiculata,  ovata,  glabra  v.  supra  pilis  paucissimis 
medio  obsita,  alba,  staminibus  triente  v.  duplo  longiora;  carpidia  5, 
tota  connata,  glabra;  styli  basi  subconnati,  glabri.  Fructus  ignotus. 
Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  alt.  2300-3200  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  3002). 

Sorbus  glomerulata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  v.  arbor  parva;  rami  2.5-3  mm.  diam.,  cinerei  v.  fusco- 
cinerei;  gemmae  0.5-0.6  cm.  longae,  acutae,  glaberrimae.  Stipulae 
pallidae,  parvae,  lanceolatae,  apice  saepe  bifidae,  in  innovatione 
interdum  herbaceae  sed  parvae,  circiter  5  mm.  longae,  paucidentatae 
V.  dissectae;  folia  cum  petiolo  1.3-2  cm.  longo  8.5-12  cm.  longa,  11- 
14-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  glabra,  interstitiis  0.4-0.6  cm.  longis; 
foliola  inde  a  pari  circiter  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum  decrescentia, 
cetera  aequalia  v.  suprema  parium  circiter  trium  subdecrescentia, 
basi  vix  obliqua  obtusa,  oblongo-lanceolata  marginibus  parallelis, 
media  1.5-2.6  cm.  longa,  0.4-0.8  cm.  lata,  obtusa  v.  mucronato- 
cuspidata,  tertia  v.  duabus  tertiis  partibus  Integra  ceterum  brevissime 
argutissime  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  3-9  porrectis, 
supremis  raro  subconniventibus,  glabra  v.  subtus  in  costa  inf erne  parce 
villosa,  subtus  paullo  pallidiora  cano-viridia,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter 
8-12  reticuloque  tenerrimis  subtus  saturatius  coloratis  demum  pal- 
lidis,  adulta  subchartacea;  epidermis  supra  striis  brevibus  subra- 
mosis  obsita,  subtus  valide  reticulato-papillosa.    Inflorescentiae  sup- 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  471 

petentes  ramulos  breves  v.  brevissimos  lateralcs  tcrminantes,  6-8  cm. 
latae,  6-7  cm.  longae,  plermnque  conico-convexac,  e  glomerulis  parvis 
circiter  12-20  compositae,  glabrae;  flores  mense  Junioaperti;  cupula 
sepalaque  parva,  glabra;  petala  circiter  3  mm.  longa,  longiuscule 
unguiculata,  late  ovata,  glabra,  alba,  staminibus  duplo  longiora; 
carpidia  5,  apice  tantum  segregata  ac  parce  villosa,  styli  glabri.  Fruc- 
tus  immaturi  tantum  noti,  sepalis  inflexis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2300 
m.,  June  and  July  1907  (No.  3001). 

Sorbus  Koehneana  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6r.  2,  VI.  316 
(1906);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  681,  fig.  374o  (1906). 

Ad  descriptionem  addenda:  Frutex  1.6-4  m.  alt.;  rami  1.5-5  mm. 
diam.,  cinerei  v.  nigricanti-cinerei ;  gemmae  0.6-0.9  cm.  longae,  supra 
medium  pilis  rufis  plus  minus  hirto-sericeae  v.  glabratae.  Stipulae 
herbaceae  sed  parvae,  ad  6  v.  7  mm.  longae,  dentibus  paucis  incisae, 
paucae  siccae  lanceolatae;  folia  cum  petiolo  1-2.8  cm.  longo  8-15.5  cm. 
longa,  8-14-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  laxe  tenere  lanata  demum 
plerumque  glabrata,  interstitiis  0.5-1.2  cm.  longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari 
tertio  V.  quarto  deorsum  sensimque  sursum  decrescentia,  oblonga  v. 
late  lanceolata  marginibus  plerumque  parallelis,  1.5-3  cm.  longa, 
0.5-0.8  cm.  lata,  obtusa  saepeque  mucronata,  basi  v.  pere  semi-integra, 
argute  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  5-14,  supremis  conniventi- 
bus,  supra  glabra,  margine  tenere  ciliata  demum  glabra,  subtus  pallide 
cano-viridia,  in  costa  laxe  tenere  lanata,  ceterum  subglabra  v.  glabra, 
nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  9-10  saepe  obsoletis  reticuloque  tenerrimis 
subtus  saturatius  coloratis,  papyracea  demum  chartacea;  epidermis 
supra  striis  brevibus  irregularibus  obsita  v.  raro  (Wilson  No.  320", 
Giraldi  No.  1083)  laevis,  subtus  epapillosa  dense  laxiusve  reticulato- 
striata  cellulis  absconditis  v.  raro  hinc  inde  laevis.  Inflorescentiae 
pleraeque  ramulos  brevissimos  laterales,  paucissimae  ramum  elongatum 
terminantes,  3.5-6  cm.,  terminales  rarae  ad  11  cm.  latae,  5-9.5  cm. 
longae,  planae  v.  convexae,  sublaxae,  laxe  tenere  villosae  demum 
glabratae;  flores  fine  mensis  Junii  v.  initio  Julii  (in  provincia  Shensi 
septentrionali  medio  Julio)  aperti;  cupula  glabra  v.  basi  pubescens; 
sepala  intus  villosa;  petala  circiter  5.5-6.5  mm.  longa,  late  breviter 
cuneata,  late  ovata,  glabra,  alba,  staminibus  triente  v.  fere  duplo 
longiora;  carpidia  5,  tota  connata,  apice  glabra;  styli  basi  vix  v. 
fere  semiconnati,  basi  pubescentcs.  Fructus  globosus,  circiter  7-8  mm. 
diam.,  albus,  sepalis  conniventibus. 


472  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2500  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  320^);  without  precise  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6766). 

Southern  Shensi :  little  mountain  Hua-tro-pin,  10  km.  from 
Mt.  Tun-u-sse,  29  km,  from  Han-Kiun-fu,  June  6,  G.  Giraldi  (No. 
1085).  Northern  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  western  slopes,  alt.  2600 
m.,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  4  &  433);  from  the  foot  to  the  middle  of 
Tai-pei-shan,  August  1895,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1086),  August  1896, 
G.  Giraldi  (No.  1084),  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5253);  Huan-tou-shan, 
July  24-26,  1894,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5118),  and  July  10,  1900,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  7173);  Hua-shan  near  Gniu-ju,  August  25,  1895,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  5119);  Kian-shan  in  Lao-y-shan,  August  4,  1897,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  5120);  Ngo-shan,  September  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5124); 
Ki-fon-shan,  September  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5123);  environs  of  In- 
kia-po,  August  1896,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1083). 

Sorbus  multijuga  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Descriptio  exclusa  varietate:  Frutex  2.6-4  m.  v.  arbor  frutescens 
ad  7  m.  alta;  rami  2-3  mm.  diam.,  cinerei;  gemmae  0.6  cm.  longae, 
crasse  ovatae,  glabrae.  Stipulae  herbaceae  sed  parvae,  dentibus 
paucis  incisae  v.  dissectae;  folia  cum  petiolo  1.3-2.2  cm.  longo  15- 
20.5  cm.  longa,  17-21-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  subtus  ochraceo- 
pubescens  parceque  rufo-hirta  demum  glabrata,  interstitiis  0.6-0.8 
cm.  longis;  foliola  circiter  a  pari  quarto  v.  quinto  deorsum,  a  pari  un- 
V.  duodecimo  sensim  sursum  decrescentia,  basi  obtusissima  v.  hinc 
subacuta,  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  lanceolata  marginibus  parallelis, 
media  1.5-3.2  cm.  longa,  0.5-1  cm.  lata,  mucronato-cuspidata,  basi 
integra  ceterum  argutissime  serrata  dentibus  pro  parte  duplicatis, 
primariis  utrinsecus  circiter  6-16,  incurvis,  supra  glabra,  subtus 
pallide  viridia  parce  tenere  longe,  in  costa  ochracea  densius  villosa 
demum  glabrata,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  8-10  reticuloque  tenerri- 
mis  subtus  saturatius  coloratis,  membranacea  demum  vix  papyracea; 
epidermis  utrinque  laevis  v.  subtus  hinc  inde  irregulariter  striata. 
Inflorescentiae  duae  suppetentes  ramulos  brevissimos  laterales  termi- 
nantes,  4-5  cm.  latae,  5-6  cm.  longae,  subconvexae,  laxi-  ac  pauciflorae, 
ochraceo-pubescentes,  demum  glabratae;  flores  mense  Junio  aperti; 
cupula  glabra  v.  parce  pubescens,  sepala  intus  villosiuscula;  petala 
circiter  4.5  mm.  longa,  latissime  cuneato-unguiculata,  late  ovata, 
glabra,  alba,  staminibus  circiter  triente  longiora;  carpidia  5,  tota 
connata,  glabra;  styh  basi  connati,  glabri.  Fructus  globosus,  circiter 
9  mm.  diam.,  albus,  sepalis  suberectis. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  473 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsicn,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1035;  flowering  branches, 
type;  the  fruiting  branches  belong  to  S.  Rehderiana,  var.  grosseserrata) ; 
same  locality,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4198). 

Sorbus  multijuga,  var.  microdonta  Koehne,  n.  var. 

Frutex  3-4-metralis;  rami  2-3.5  mm.  diam.,  nigricanti-cinerei  v. 
cinerei;  gemmae  0.9  mm.  longae,  parce  albido-sericeae,  apice  dense 
rufo-sericeae.  Stipulae  nonnullae,  simplices,  lanceolatae;  folia  cum 
petiolo  1-2  cm.  longo  9-15  cm.  longa,  (12-)16-20-juga;  foliola  media 
1.2-2.2  cm.  longa,  0.3-0.6  cm.  lata,  basi  Integra,  ceterum  argute  ser- 
rulata  dentibus  dimidio  minoribus  quam  in  typo  haud  v.  vix  incurvis, 
subtus  glabra  v.  in  costa  pilorum  residuis  obsita.  Inflorescentiae 
4.5-7  cm.  latae,  6-7  cm.  longae;  flores  ignoti;  carpidia  3-5.  Fructus 
globosus,  circiter  5-7  mm.  diam.,  albus,  sepalis  subconniventibus. 
Cetera  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan-Hsien,  alt. 
2300-2600  m.,  September  1908  (No.  864'');  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt. 
2000-2500  m.,  October  1908  (No.  864,  in  part;  part  of  the  fruiting 
specimens  and  the  flowering  specimens  belong  to  S.  unguiculata 
Koehne). 

Sorbus  pogonopetala  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-5  m.  altus;  rami  2-3  mm.  diam.,  nigricanti-cinerei;  gem- 
mae ignotae.  Stipulae  pleraeque  herbaceae  parvae,  lineares  v.  lan- 
ceolatae interdum  bifidae,  nonnullae  siccae  lineares  interdum  bifidae; 
folia  cum  petiolo  1.2-1.8  cm.  longo  6.5-11.5  cm.  longa,  (9-)10-ll-juga; 
rhachis  anguste  alata,  ut  petiolus  supra  nigro-purpurea,  versus  apicem 
viridis,  subtus  pallida  ac  laxe  longe  tenere  villosa,  interstitiis  0.5-1  cm. 
longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum  decrescentia,  cetera 
aequalia  v.  paria  suprema  tria  decrescentia,  basi  hinc  obtusiuscula 
illinc  acuta,  latius  angustiusve  oblonga,  media  1.2-2.2  cm.  longa, 
0.4-0.7  cm.  lata,  mucronato-cuspidata,  basi  Integra  ceterum  argutis- 
sime  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  4-12  subincurvis,  supra 
glabra,  margine  tenere  ciliata,  subtus  pallide  cano-viridia  laxe  tenere 
villosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  5-10  reticuloque  tenerrimis  subtus 
saturatius  coloratis,  papyracea;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  subtus  pro 
parte  laevis  pro  parte  tenere  irregulariter  striata.  Inflorescentiarum 
suppetentium  altera  ramum  elongatum  altera  ramulum  brevissimum 
lateralem  terminans,  3.5-6  cm.  latae,  5.5-6  cm.  longae,  subconvexae, 


474  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

laxi-  ac  pauciflorae,  parce  tenere  villosae,  axibus  purpurascentibus; 
flores  fine  mensis  Junii  aperti;  cupula  glabra,  sepala  intus  villosa; 
petala  cum  unguiculo  fere  1  mm.  longo  lato  5  mm.  longa,  late  ovata, 
in  laminae  basi  supra  lanato-barbata,  alba,  staminibus  circiter  triente 
longiora;  carpidia  5,  tota  connata,  glabra;  styli  fere  semieonnati, 
glabri.    Fructus  ignotus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  3800  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  3003). 

Sorbus  pogonopetala  differs  from  all  other  Chinese  species  with  numerous  small 
leaflets  in  its  strongly  bearded  petals;  it  is  also  remarkable  in  the  purplish  black 
color  of  its  petioles  and  rhachis. 

Sorbus  unguiculata  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-5-metralis;  rami  2-4  mm.  diam.,  cinerei  v.  fusco-cinerei; 
gemmae  0.4-0.5  cm.  longae,  subsericeae  v.  glabratae.  Stipulae 
herbaceae  sed  parvae,  ad  5  mm.  longae,  dentibus  paucis  incisae  v. 
dissectae,  raro  integrae;  folia  cum  petiolo  0.5-1.8  cm.  longo  5.5-13.5 
cm.  longa,  (9-)12-16-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  subtus  plus  minus 
ruf o-pubescens  demum  glabrata,  interstitiis  0.5-0.8  cm.  longis;  fohola 
inde  a  tertio  v.  quarto  pari  deorsum  sensimque  v.  vix  sursum  decres- 
centia,  basi  subito  contracta  v.  hinc  obtusa  illinc  subacuta,  oblonga 
V.  ovalia,  in  innovationibus  saepe  angustius  oblonga  marginibus 
subparallelis,  media  1-1.8  cm.  longa,  0.4-0.7  cm.  lata,  obtusa  saepeque 
mucronato-cuspidata,  rarius  acuta,  basi  v.  tertia  parte  Integra  ceterum 
argute  serrulata  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  4-13,  supremis  conniventi- 
bus,  supra  glabra,  subtus  paullo  pallidiora  glabra  v.  plerumque  parce, 
in  costa  densius  rufo-pubescentia  v.  villosiuscula  demum  glabrata, 
nervis  utrinsecus  circiter  6-8  saepe  obsoletis  reticuloque  tenerrimis 
subtus  saturatius  coloratis,  papyracea;  epidermis  utrinque  laevis  v. 
subtus  striis  rarissimis  obsita.  Inflorescentiae  suppetentes  omnes 
ramulos  brevissimos  laterales  terminantes,  2.5-5.5  cm.  latae,  3.5-5  cm. 
longae,  planae  v.  subconvexae,  sublaxiflorae,  parcissime  densiusve 
pubescentes  v.  villosiusculae  demum  glabratae;  flores  mense  Junio 
aperti;  cupula  parce  v.  densiuscule  pubescens,  sepala  extus  glabra  v. 
pubescentia,  intus  villosiuscula;  petala  cum  unguiculo  limbum  di- 
midium  aequante  lato  circiter  5-5.5  mm.  longa,  trapezoideo-rotundata, 
glabra,  alba,  staminibus  triente  longiora;  carpidia  5  v.  raro  4,  tota 
connata,  glabra,  styli  basi  connati,  glabri.  Fructus  globosus,  circiter 
6-9  mm.  diam.,  albus  v.  pallide  purpurascens,  sepalis  conniventibus. 

WesternSzech'uan:    Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3300  m., 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  475 

June  1908  (No.  3004) ;  same  locality,  upland  thickets,  alt.  3000-3G00 
m.,  October  1910  (No.  4119);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600-3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  874'');  Mupin,  woodlands, 
alt.  2000-2800  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  864,  flowering  branches; 
the  fruiting  branches  belong  partly  here,  partly  to  *S.  multijuga  micro- 
don^a  Koehne) ;  Ching-chi  Hsien,  alt.  3300  m.,  September  18,  1908 
(No.  941;  fruit  pale  purple).^ 

Sorbus  setschwanensis  (Schneider)  Koehne,  n.  sp. 

Sorbus  Vihnorini,  var.  setschwanensis  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Bois- 
sier,  s^r.  2,  VI.  318  (1906);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  683,  fig.  374 
t,  375  s-t  (1906). 

Frutex  2-5-metralis;  rami  1.5-4  mm.  diam.,  cinerei  v.  nigricantes; 
gemmae  0.6-0.8  cm.  longae,  glabrae  v.  paucae  rufo-sericeae.  Stipulae 
siccae  v.  paucae  herbaceae,  parvae,  2-3  mm.  longae,  apice  saepe 
bifidae;  folia  cum  petiolo  0.8-1.4  cm.  longo  4.5-11  cm.  longa,  (10-) 
12-17-juga;  rhachis  anguste  alata,  glabra,  interstitiis  0.2-0.6  cm. 
longis;  foliola  inde  a  pari  tertio  v.  quarto  deorsum  sensimque  sursum 
decrescentia  (quare  folia  triangulari-fastigata-),  basi  obtusa  v.  hinc 
acuta,  anguste  oblonga,  media  0.5-1.3  cm.  longa,  0.2-0.4  cm.  lata, 
obtusa  V.  acutiuscula,  basi  v.  interdum  dimidia  parte  Integra  ceterum 
densius  remotiusve  minutim  serrulata,  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter 
2-11,  supremis  conniventibus,  glabra  v.  interdum  tenere  ciliata,  sub- 
tus  cano-viridia,  nervis  obsoletis  reticuloque  tenerrimis  subtus  satura- 
tius  coloratis,  papyracea  demum  chartacea;  epidermis  utrinque  laevis 
V.  subtus  striis  paucissimis  conspersa.  Inflorescentiae  suppetentes 
omnes  ramulos  laterales  brevissimos  v.  breves  terminantes,  2.5-6  cm. 
latae,  4-6.5  cm.  longae,  planae  v.  subconvexae,  laxi-  ac  pauciflorae, 
glabrae;  flores  fine  mensis  Junii  aperti;  cupula  glabra,  sepala  apice 
ciliata;  petala  cum  unguiculo  dimidium  limbum  aequante  circiter 
4.5  mm.  longa,  ovata, glabra,  alba,  staminibus  duplo  longiora;  carpidia 
2-4,  tota  connata,  glabra;  styli  basi  connati  v.  fere  Hberi,  glabri. 
Fructus  globosus,  circiter  6-6.5  cm.  diam.,  albus  v.  pallide  purpura- 
scens,  sepalis  inflexis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Niu-tou-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  30,  1908  (No.  3007,  type);  Ching-chi 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2800  m.,  September  15,  1908  (No.  874);  Wa- 

^  No.  941  of  which  only  a  single  specimen  had  been  collected  has  not  been  seen 
by  the  author  of  this  paper,  but  it  apparently  belongs  to  5.  unguiculata.  —  Ed. 
*  The  usual  spelling /as/i^iato  is  incorrect,  as  it  is  derived  from  the  verb  fastigare. 


476  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

shan,  woodlands,    alt.    2300-9000    m.,  October    1908    (No.    864^); 
without  locality,  1890,  A.  Henry  (No.  8975). 

The  smallest  leaved  of  all  the  species  of  Sorbus.  The  greatest  contrast  to  it  is 
found  in  S.  Sargentiana  Koehne  which  has  the  leaves  up  to  28  cm.  and  the  leaflets 
up  to  13.5  cm.  long. 


SORBORUM   CHINENSIUM   CONSPECTUS  ANALYTICUS. 

Though  I  have  studied  almost  all  the  Asiatic  species  of  Sorbus  in  order  to  under- 
stand the  Chinese  species,  and  though  I  know  also  the  European  and  North 
American  species,  I  find  it  impossible  to  divide  the  genus  into  well  characterized 
sections.  There  are,  however,  groups  of  allied  species  which  stand  out  more  or 
less  clearly,  but  I  have  not  succeeded  in  characterizing  these  groups  distinctly  or 
in  making  them  include  other  than  Chinese  species,  because  the  characters  are  too 
variously  distributed,  and  of  many  species  important  characters  are  still  unknown 
owing  to  the  want  of  sufficient  material.  To  arrange,  however,  at  least  for  the 
present  paper,  the  Chinese  species  in  a  way  to  indicate  their  affinities,  I  have  dis- 
tinguished certain  groups  without  naming  them.  To  give  them  now  definite  names 
would  be  unwise,  as  this  would  seem  to  indicate  that  species  other  than  Chinese 
could  be  included  in  the  arrangement  without  changing  the  characterization  of 
the  groups.     This,  however,  is  not  possible. 

Stipulae  saltem  supremae  intra  inflorescentiae  basin  insigniter  dilatatae,  herbaceae. 
Inflorescentiae  magnae,  9-20  cm.  latae  (in  S.  discolore  diametro  ignoto), 
floribus  numerosissimis,  in  S.  discolore  tantum  paucis.  Fructus  intense*  rubro- 
aurantiaci  v.  miniati,  in  S.  pekinensi  pallidi  (in  S.  discolore,  Wilsoniana, 
Giraldiana,  pluripinnata  colore  ignoto) ;  carpidia  apice  villosa  v.  lanata. 

Folia  ad  summum  8-juga;  petioli  2.5-6.5  cm.  longi;  rhachis  exalata,  interstitiis 
1.3-4  cm.,  nonnisi  in  S.  expansa  0.8-1.4  cm.  longis;  foliola  media  majuscula 
V.  maxima  (3.5-13.5  cm.  longa,  0.8-3.9  cm.  lata),  acutissima  simul  apice 
angustata  v.  subacuminata;  epidermis  subtus  papillosa  v.  raro  nonnisi 
reticulato-striata.  Inflorescentiae  pleraeque  ut  videtur  e  rami  longioris  apice 
ortae.  Carpidia  3  v.  4,  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  nonnisi  in  S.  Giraldiana 
semiconnata      1.  Group. 

Folia  10-13-juga;  petioU  1.5-2.2  cm.  longi;  rhachis  superne  angustissime  v.  vix 
alata,  interstitiis  0.5-1  cm.  longis;  foliola  media  majuscula  v.  parvula  (1.5- 
4  cm.  longa,  0.5-0.8  cm.  lata),  obtusa  v.  acuta,  marginibus  insigniter  parallelis; 
epidermis  subtus  vahde  reticulato-papillosa.  Inflorescentiae  saepius  ut  videtur 
6  ramulorum  lateralium  abbreviatorum  apice  ortae.    Carpidia  3,  4,  5,  inde  a 

placenta  segregata  v.  tota  fere  connata,  apice  lanata 2.  Group. 

Stipulae  parvae,  herbaceae  paucidentatae  v.  siccae  lanceolatae  linearesve.  In- 
florescentiae plerumque  laxiusculae  v.  laxissimae,  interdum  vero  densiflorae 
v.  e  glomerulis  densifloris  compositae.  Fructus  verisimiliter  semper  albi  v. 
rosei  v.  pallide  purpurascentes  (sed  colore  adhuc  ignoto  in  <S.  tapashana, 
Helenae,  laxiflora,  Prattii,  aestivali,  glomerulata,  pogonopetala) . 

Ramii  crassi,  5-8  mm.  diam.  Stipulae  siccae,  angustae;  folia  3-11-juga;  rhachis 
plerumque  manifeste  alata,  interstitiis  1-2.5  cm.  longis;  foliola  media  2.5- 
9.5  cm.  longa  0.8-3.5  cm.  lata,  acutissima  v.  breviter  cuspidata;  epidermis 

1  Meaning  such  branches  as  are  found  on  herbarium  specimens  either  with 
flowers  or  fruits. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  477 

subtua  reticulato-striata  v.  raro  sublaevis  epapillosa,  rarius  circa  stomata 
obsolete  papillosa.  Inflorcsccntiae  pleraeque  ut  videtur  e  ramuli  longioris 
apice  ortae,  nonnisi  in  S.  Rehderiana  multae  e  ramulis  latoralibus  abbreviatis, 
2.5-14  cm.  latae,  plenimque  dcnsiflorae  v.  e  glomerulis  dcnsifloris  compositae. 
Carpidia  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata  v.  tota  connata,  apice  lanata  v.  rarius 

glabra 3.  Group. 

Rami  tenuiores,  2.5-4  mm.  diam.  Stipulae  rarius  siccae,  saepius  herbaceae. 
Inflorescentiae  multae  v.  pleraeque  ut  videtur  e  ramulorum  lateralium 
abbreviatorum  apice  ortae. 
Folia  4-8-juga;  rhachis  exalata  v.  obsolete  alata,  interstitiis  0.5-2  cm.  longig. 
Carpidia  apice  lanata.  Foliola  media  2-5.5  cm.  longa,  0.7-1.7  cm.  lata, 
brevissime  cuspidata.    Carpidia  4  v.  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata  v.  tota  fere 

connata 4.  Group. 

Folia  9-21-juga  (intermixtis  raro  paucissimis  8-jugis);  rhachis  semper  anguste 
sed  distincte  alata,  interstitiis  0.5-1.2  cm.  longis.  Carpidia  apice  glabra 
(nonnisi  in  S.  glomerulata  lanata),  sed  styli  basi  saepe  pubescentes.  Foliola 
media  0.5-3.2  cm.  longa,  0.2-1  cm.  lata,  plus  minus  obtusa  saepeque  mucro- 
nato-cuspidata.  Petala  quoad  nota,  staminibus  triente  v.  duplo  longiora 
(in  S.  munda  adhuc  ignota).  Carpidia  5  v.  raro  2,  3,  4,  semper  tota  connata, 
styli  liberi  v.  plus  minus  connati 5.  Group. 

1.  Group. 

Inflorescentia  pauciflora.    Folia  4-6-juga,  coriacea  (Species  nimis  incomplete  nota). 

1.  S.  discolor. 
Inflorescentia  multiflora. 

Rami  tenuiores,  2.5-4.5  mm.  diam.     Epidermis  supra  laevis  subtus  obsolete  v. 
manifeste  papillosa.     Petala  supra  plus  minus  barbata  (in  S.  Giraldiana 
vero  ignota). 
Foliola  5-8-,  pleraque  6-7-juga,  nunquam  subtus  juxta  costam  tan  turn  lanata. 
Carpidia  inde  a  placenta  segregata. 
Inflorescentia  glabra,  sublaxiflora;  cupula  glabra;  petala  staminibus  duplo 
longiora  6  mm.  longa.    Fructus  roseo-albicantes  v.  colore  salmoneo  pallido. 
Folia  cum  petiolo  3-6  cm.  longo  13-23  cm.  longa;  rhachis  cito  glabrata, 
interstitiis  1.3-3  cm.  longis;  foliola  lanceolata  (3.5-6.5  cm.:  0.8-1.6  cm.), 
in  ramis  florentibus  glabra;  epidermis  subtus  obscure  papillosa. 

2.  *S.  pekinensis. 
Inflorescentia  dense  lanata,  densiflora;  cupula  lanata;  petala  staminibus 
aequilonga,  4.5  mm.  longa.  Fructus  miniati.  Folia  cum  petiolo  2.5-4  cm. 
longo  10-20  cm.  longa;  rhachis  lanata,  interstitiis  1.3-2  cm.  longis; 
foliola  oblonga  (3.5-5.5  cm.:  1.4-1.8  cm.),  supra  initio  parce  pilosa  subtus 
laxe  V.  dense  lanata;  epidermis  subtus  brevissime  papillosa. 

3.  S.  pohvxishanensis. 

Foliola  4-juga,  subtus  nonnisi  juxta  costae  partem  inferiorem  insigniter  albo- 

lanata,  costa  ipsa  glabra.     Carpidia  semiconnata.     Folia  cum  petiolo 

3-4.8  cm.  longo  15-18.5  cm.  longa;  rhachis  initio  parce  sericea,  interstitiis 

1.7-2.5  cm.  longis;  epidermis  subtus  valide  papillosa. 

4.  S.  Giraldiana. 
Rami  crassi,  5-8  mm.  diam.     Petala  quoad  nota  glabra  v.  subgkibra,  stamini- 
bus aequilonga  v.  subbreviora  (in  S.  expansa  et  S.  Comadinae  ignota). 
Foliola  subtus  tomento  persistente  haud  vestita,  6-7-iuga,  dentibus  utrinsecus 
circiter  6-20. 


478  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rhachis  atque  inflorescentia  initio  insigniter  albo-lanata;  foliola  late  lanceo- 
lata  V.  lanceolata-elliptica  minora  (3.5-6  cm.:  0.9-1.3  cm.),  subtus 
lanata  v.  costa  nervisque  exceptis  plus  minus  glabrata.  Folia  cum 
petiolo  2.5-5  cm.  longo  9.5-18.5  cm.  longa;  rhachidis  interstitia  0.8-1.4 
(-2)  cm.  longa;  epidermis  utrinque  striata  epapillosa  .  .  5.  S.  expansa. 
Rhachis  atque  inflorescentia  parcius  albo-lanata;  foliola  oblonga  v.  oblongo- 
lanceolata  majora  (6-8.3  cm.:  2-2.8  cm.),  subtus  nonnisi  in  costa  plus 
minus  lanato-pubescentia.  Folia  cum  petiolo  4.5-6.5  cm.  longo  22-25  cm. 
longa;  interstitia  1.8-2.3  cm.  longa;  epidermis  supra  laevis,  eubtus  re- 
ticulato-striata  ac  circa  stomata  interdum  obscure  papillosa. 

6.  S.  Wilsoniana. 
Foliola  subtus  tomento  denso  persistente  obtecta,  v.  quando  glabriora  simul 
dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  28-52.    Inflorescentia  juvenilis  (verisimiliter 
etiam  in  S.  Conradinae)  albo-tomentosa. 
Foliola  5-6-juga,  subtus  tomento  persistente  obtecta,  dentibus  utrinsecus 
circiter  8-22,  ad  summum  9  cm.  longa;  epidermis  subtus  summopere 
papillosa. 
Foliola    angustiora    (5-9    cm.:  1.7-2.8    cm.),    subtus    albicanti-viridia, 
nervis  demum  supra  haud   impressis  subtus  prominulis;    folia  cum 
petiolo  4-5  cm.  longo  15-26  cm.  longa;  interstitia  1.8-4  cm.  longa. 

7.  S.  Esserteauiana. 
Foliola  latiora  (6-8  cm.:  2-3.2  cm.),  subtus  nivea,  nervis  demum  supra 
argute  impressis  subtus  valde  prominentibus;  folia  cum  petiolo  2.5- 
6  cm.  longo  16-27  cm.  longa;  interstitia  2-2.7  cm.  longa. 

8.  S.  Conradinae. 
Foliola   (3-)4-5-juga,   subtus  in  costa  nervisque  densius  ceterum  parce 

lanata  demum  glabrata,  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  28-52,  maxima 
(8.5-13.5  cm.:  2.6-3.9  cm.);  epidermis  subtus  valide  papillosa;  folia  cum 
petiolo  4-7  cm.  longo  13-28  cm.  longa;  interstitia  2.5-3.2  cm.  longa. 

9.  S.  Sargentiana. 

2.  Group. 

Foliola  12-13-juga,  majora  (2.2-4  cm.:  0.5-0.8  cm.),  subtus  albida  arachnoidea; 

interstitia  1  cm.  longa.    Inflorescentia  13-14  cm.  lata,  tomentosa;  carpidia  3  v. 

4,  tota  fere  connata 10.  *S.  scalaris. 

Foliola  10-12-juga,  minora  (1.5-2.5  cm.:  0.5-0.8  cm.),  subtus  cinerascentia  lanata; 

interstitia  0.5-0.7  cm.   longa.     Inflorescentia  9   cm.   lata,   verisimiliter  initio 

tomentosa;  carpidia  4  v.  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata    .    .    .   11.  S.  pluripinnata, 

3.  Group. 

Folia  3-4-juga.  Carpidia  tota  connata,  apice  glabra,  sed  styll  basi  pubescentes; 
folia  cum  petiolo  2.5-5  cm.  longo  13-20  cm.  longa;  interstitia  2-2.5  cm.  longa; 
foliola  majora  (5-9.5  cm.:  2-3.5  cm.),  dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  30-50; 
epidermis  subtus  paucistriata.  Inflorescentia  8-14  cm.  lata,  parce  pilosa; 
petala  4  mm.  longa,  glabra,  staminibus  duplo  longiora.  ...  12.  S.  Helenae. 
Folia  5-11-juga.    Carpidia  inde  a  placenta  segregata,  apice  lanata  v.  villosa;  styli 

saepe  glabri.     FoUola  minora  (ad  summum  6  cm.  longa). 
Rhacheos  interstitia  1.5-2.5  cm.  longa;  foliola  majora  (5-6  cm.:   1.5-2.2  cm.), 

dentibus  utrinsecus  circiter  25-35,  glabra;  epidermis  subtus  reticulato-striata. 

Inflorescentia  major  (6-10  cm.  lata),  plus  minus  albo-lanata.    Folia  5-8-juga, 

cum  petiolo  1.4-3  cm.  longo  13-22  cm.  longa 13.  5.  tapashana. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  479 

Rhacheos  interstitia  1-1.4  cm.  longa;  foliola  minora  (2.5-5  cm.:  0.8-1.3  cm.), 
dentibus  utrin-secus  circiter  10-20,  supra  parce  pilosa  subtus  glabra  v.  parco 
pilosa;  epidermis  subtus  pro  parte  laevis  pro  parte  irregulariter  striata. 
Inflorescentia  minor  (2.5-6.5  cm.  lata),  initio  parce  fusco-villosa.  Folia 
plerumque  7-9-,  raro  ad  11-juga,  cum  petiolo  l-2(-2.5)  cm.  longo  10-15(-18) 
cm.  longa 14.  5.  Rehderiana. 

4.  Group. 

Folia  4-5-iuga;  rhachis  exalata,  interstitia  1.3-2  cm.  longa;  folia  cum  petiolo 
2-4.5  cm.  longo  10-18  cm.  longa;  foliola  majora  (3-5.5  cm.:  1.2-1.7  cm.), 
glabra;  epidermis   subtus  reticulato-striata,    circa  stomata  obscure   papillosa. 

Inflorescentia  12  cm.  lata,  glabra;  carpidia  5 15.  <S.  aperta. 

Folia  B-S-juga;  rhachis  vix  v.  angustissime  alata,  interstitia  0.5-1.3  cm.  longa; 
foliola  minora  (ad  summum  4.2  cm.  longa). 
Foliola  subtus  glabra;  epidermis  subtus  irregulariter  striata  epapillosa.     In- 
florescentia 9-11  cm.  lata;  carpidia  5,  inde  a  placenta  segregata.    Folia  cum 
petiolo  2.5-3.5  cm.  longo  10-16  cm.  longa;  interstitia  1-1.3  cm.  longa;  foliola 

2-4  cm.  longa,  0.8-1.5  cm.  lata 16.  5.  laxiflora. 

Fohola  subtus  juxta  costae  basin  albo-lanata;  epidermis  subtus  circa  stomata 
V.  ubique  papillosa.  Inflorescentia  2.5-5.5  cm.  lata;  carpidia  4  v.  5,  semicon- 
nata  v.  tola  fere  connata.  Folia  cum  petiolo  1.5-2.8  cm.  longo  7.5-15  cm. 
longa;  interstitia  0.5-1.3  cm.  longa;  foliola  2-4.2  cm,  longa,  0.7-1.3  cm.  lata. 

17.  S.  hupchensis. 

5.  Group.i 

Epidermis  foliolarum  subtus  ubique,  rarissime  nonnisi  circa  stomata,  manifests 
papillosa. 
Flores  baud  manifeste  glomerulati. 
Folia  9-13-juga.    Carpidia  glabra,  styli  basi  pubescentes. 

Stipula  siccae;  rhachis  laxe  villosa;  foliola  paullo  majora  (1.5-2.7  cm.: 
0.5-1  cm.),  pleraque  tertia  v.  dimidia  parte  integra  superne  serrulata. 
Inflorescentia  parce  subochraceo-villosa.  FoUi  rhachidis  interstitia  0.6- 
1  cm.  longa;  foliola  subtus  parce,  in  costa  densius  ochraceo-villosa. 
Petala  5  mm.  longa,  medio  limbo  parce  barbata.     Carpidia  4  v.  5. 

18.  S.  Prattii. 
Stipulae  herbaceae  parvae;  rhachis  glabra;  foliola  minora  (1.3-2  cm.:  0.4- 
0.7  cm.),  basi  tantum  integra,  argutius  et  paullo  profundius  serrata. 
Inflorescentia  fructifera  glabra.     Folii  rhachidis  interstitia  0.5-0.8  cm. 
longa;   foliola  subtus  saltem  in  costa  f)arce  albido-lanata  v.  tota  facie 
subochraceo-arachnoidea.    Petala  ignota.    Carpidia  5  .    .19.  S.  munda. 
Foha  14-16-juga.     Carjiidia  5,  glabra;  styli  glabri.     Folii  rhachis  glabra;  in- 
terstitia 0.5-1  cm.  longa;  foliola  inde  a  basi  sensim  angustata  (1.6-3.2  cm.: 
0.5-0.8  cm.),  pleraque  ad  v.  ultra  medium  integra  superne  minutim  serrulata, 
subtus  laxe  secus  costam  densius  subrufo-lanata.     Inflorescentia  glabra; 
petala  3.5  mm.  longa,  glabra  v.  vix  barbulata.    Carpidia  5,  glabra;  styli 

glabri 20.  (S.  aestivalis. 

Flores  in  glomerulis  parvis  conferti,  inflorescentia  e  glomerulis  circiter  12-20 
composita.  Folia  11-14-juga;  rhachis  glabra;  interstitia  0.4-0.6  cm.  longa; 
foliola   (1.5-2.6  cm.:   0.4-0.8  cm.)  circiter  supra  medium  v.  apice  tantum 

^  To  determine  quickly  the  species  of  this  group  it  is  important  to  examine 
the  epidermis  of  the  leaves  with  the  microscope. 


480  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

serrulata,   subtus  glabra  v.   nonnisi  in  costa  parce   pilosa.     Inflorescentia 
glabra.    Petala  3  mm.  longa,  glabra.    Carpidia  5,  apice  villosa. 

21.  S.  glomerulata.^ 
Epidermis  subtus  epapillosa.     Carpidia  apice  glabra,  sed  styli  saepe  basi  pub- 


Petalorum  unguiculus  brevis  v.  brevissimus,  late  cuneatus. 
Petala  glabra.     Foliola  subtus  in  costa  tantum  pilosa. 

Folia  8-14-juga,  cum  petiolo  8-16  cm.  longa;  epidermis  utrinque  striata  v. 

rarissime  supra  laevis  subtus  hinc  inde  laevis.    Styli  basi  pubescentes. 

Carpidia  5.     Fructus  albus.     Petala  5.5-6  mm.  longa.     Rhachis  parce 

albido-pilosa;  foliola  basi  obtusissima.  Inflorescentia  laxe  tenere  albido- 

lanata;  cupula  glabra  v.  basi  parce  pilosa;  styli  plus  minus  connati. 

22.  S.  Koehneana. 
Carpidia  3  v.  4.     Fructus  roseus.    Petala  3.5  mm.  longa.    Rhachis  subtus 
rufo-pilosa;  foliola  inferiora  utrinque,  superiora  hinc  acuta  v.  cuneata. 
Inflorescentia  rufo-pilosa;  cupula  rufo-hirta;  styli  fere  semiconnati. 

23.  S.  Vilmorini. 

Folia  16-21-juga,  cum  petiolo  (9-)15-20.5  cm.  longa;  epidermis  utrinque 

laevis  v.  subtus  hinc  inde  parce  striata.     Styli  glabri.     Folii  rhachia 

subtus  pubescens;    interstitia  0.6-0.8  cm.  longa;   foliola   (1.2-3.2  cm.: 

0.3-1  cm.)  subtus  in  costa  villosa.  Inflorescentia  laxe  villosa;  petala  5  mm. 

longa;  carpidia  3-5 24.  5.  muUijuga. 

Petala  medio  limbo  lanato-barbata.  Folia  9-11-juga,  cum  petiolo  6.5-11.5 
cm.  longa;  rhachis  inferne  nigro-purpurea,  subtus  parce  pilosa;  interstitia 
0.5-1  cm.  longa;  foliola  (1.5-2.2  cm.:  0.4-0.7  cm.)  subtus  parce  pilosa; 
epidermis  utrinque  laevis  v.  subtus  hinc  inde  parce  striata.  Inflorescentia 
laxe  villosa;  petala  5  mm.  longa,  carpidia  5,  glabra,  styli  glabri. 

25.  S.  pogonopetala. 
Petalorum  glabrorum  unguiculus  dimidio  limbo  aequilongus,  angustus.  Folia 
(9-)12-17-juga;  epidermis  utrinque  laevis  v.  subtus  hinc  inde  parce  striata. 
Carpidia  glabra;  styli  glabri. 
Foliola  majora  (1-1.8  cm.:  0.4-0.7  cm.).  Inflorescentia  cupulaque  plus 
minus  pilosae.  Carpidia  5,  raro  4.  Folia  cum  petiolo  5.5-13.5  cm.  longa; 
rhachis  subtus  pilosa;  interstitia  0.5-0.8  cm.  longa;  foliola  subtus  glabra 

v.  parce  pilosa;  petala  5-5.5  mm.  longa 26.  *S.  unguiculata. 

Foliola  minora  (0.5-1.3  cm.:  0.2-0.4  cm.).  Inflorescentia  cupulaque  glabrae. 
Carpidia  2-4.  Folia  cum  petiolo  4.5-11  cm.  longa;  rhachis  glabra;  inter- 
stitia 0.2-0.6  cm.  longa;  fohola  interdum  cihata  ceterum  glabra;  petala 
4.5  mm.  longa 27.  <S.  setschwanensis. 


ENUMERATIO  SORBORUM  CHINENSIUM. 
1.  Group.i 

1.  Sorbus  discolor  Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Sav.  £tr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PUersbourg,  IX. 
103  {Prim.  Fl.  Amur.)  (1859).  —  Ruprecht  m  Mhn.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PMersbourg,  XIV. 

1  Besides  the  European  and  North  American  species  none  of  the  following 
Asiatic  species  can  be  referred  to  any  of  the  groups  here  distinguished:  Sorbtis 
altaica  Koehne,  S.  sibirica  Hedlund,  S.  commizta  Hedlund,  S.  pruinosa  Koehne, 
S.  serotina  Koehne,  S.  reflexipetala  Koehne,  S.  heterodonta  Koehne,  S.  Baissieri 
Schneider  and  aS.  parvijlora  Hedlund. 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  481 

No.  IV.  46  (1870).  —  Hedlund  in  Kongl.  Svenska  Vetensk.-Akad.  Ilandl.  XXXV. 
37  {Monogr.  Sorbus)  (1901).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  669,  Fig.  367  g 
(pro  parte)  (1906). 

Northern  China. 

The  reasons  which  have  led  me  not  to  unite  this  critical  species  with  the  fol- 
lowing, as  Schneider  proposes,  I  have  fully  explained  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr. 
Ges.  XI.  56  (1906).  Ruprecht  compares  it  with  his  S.  thianschanica  and  it  is  not 
impossible  that  it  is  more  closely  allied  to  that  species  than  to  S.  pekinensis.  At 
any  rate  there  does  not  seem  to  be  sufficient  reason  yet  for  considering  S.  pekinensis 
as  a  synonym  to  S.  discolor. 

2.  Sorbus  pekinensis  Koehne  in  Gartenfl.  L.  406  (1901);  in  Mitt.  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  Ges.  XV.  56  (1906). 

Sorbus  discolor  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  669,  fig.  366 1,  m,  367  g  (pro 
parte)  (1906). 
Chili:  about  Peking. 

Known  to  me  only  from  specimens  raised  in  European  gardens,  from  seed  sent 
by  Bretschneider. 

3.  Sorbus  pohuashanensis  (Hance)  Hedlund,  in  Kongl.  Svenska  Vetensk.-Akad. 
Handl.  XXXV.  33  {Monogr.  Sorbus)  (1901).  —  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr. 
Ges.  X.  116  (1901).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  672  (1906). 

Pyrus  pohuashanensis  Hance  in  Journ.  Bot.  XIII.  132  (1875). 

Chili:  Po-hua-shan,  near  the  summit,  1874,  Bretschneider  (No.  3),  1881,  Bret- 
schneider (No.  1155);  Wei-chang,  May  31,  1909,  W.  Purdom  (Nos.  18  &  47). 

I  have  not  seen  the  specimens  collected  by  Bretschneider;  those  of  Purdom  con- 
sist of  sterile  twigs.  — Cultivated  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  and  in  Europe. 

4.  Sorbus  Giraldiana  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  672,  Fig.  369  a 
(1906). 

Northern  Shensi:  Ngo-shan,  July  1999,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5128). 

5.  Sorbus  expansa  Koehne.     See  p.  457. 

6.  Sorbus  Wilsoniana  Schneider.     See  p.  458. 

7.  Sorbus  Esserteauiana  Koehne.     See  p.  459. 

8.  Sorbus  Conradinae  Koehne.     See  p.  460. 

9.  Sorbus  Sargentiana  Koehne.    See  p.  461. 

2.  Group.' 

10.  Sorbus  scalaris  Koehne.     See  p.  462. 

11.  Sorbus  pluripinnata  (Schneider)  Koehne. 

Sorbus  foliolosa,  var.  pluripinnata  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s6t.  2, 
VI.  315  (1906);  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  680,  fig.  374  e'  (1906). 
Szech'uan,  A.  Henry  (No.  8960). 

Sorbus  pluripinnata  and  S.  scalaris  form  a  very  remarkable  and  peculiar  group. 
In  common  with  the  species  of  the  first  group  they  have  the  large  herbaceous  stipules, 
the  large  white-tomentose  corymbs  of  several  species  of  that  group  and  the  bright 

1  Between  the  first  and  the  second  groups  there  might  be  inserted  a  small  group 
formed  of  the  two  Japanese  species  Sorbus  gracilis  (Siebold  &  Zuccarini)  C.  Koch 
and  S.  Schwerini  Schneider. 


482  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

red  fruits.  On  the  other  hand  they  resemble  the  species  of  the  5th  group,  for  the 
leaflets  are  comparatively  small  and  numerous,  the  rhachis  shows  a  tendency 
toward  the  formation  of  wings  and  the  carpels  are,  at  least  in  S.  scalaris,  united 
farther  toward  the  apex. 

Sorbus  arachnoidea  Koehne  from  Sikkim  and  the  adjacent  Thibetian  district 
Chumbi  is  perhaps  best  referred  to  this  group. 

3.  Group.^ 

12.  Sorbus  Helenae  Koehne.     See  p.  462. 

Sorbus  Helenae,  f.  subglabra  Koehne.     See  p.  463. 
Sorbus  Helenae,  f.  rufidula  Koehne.     See  p.  463. 

13.  Sorbus  tapashana  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  s^r.  2,  VI.  313  (1906) 
"  an  var.  Sorbi  pohuashanensis  (Hance)  Rehder?  ";  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I.  672, 
fig.  369  b  (1906). 

Northern  Shensi :  Summit  of  Tai-pei-shan,  September  10-20, 1897,  G.  Giraldi 
(No.  5126),  August  1899,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  5127);  first  zone  and  at  the  foot  of  Tai- 
pei-shan,  August  1894,  G.  Giraldi  (No.  1082). 

14.  Sorbus  Rehderiana  Koehne.     See  p.  464. 

Sorbus  Rehderiana,  var.  grosseserrata  Koehne.    See  p.  465. 

4.  Group. 

15.  Sorbus  aperta  Koehne.    See  p.  465. 

16.  Sorbus  laxifiora  Koehne.     See  p.  466. 

17.  Sorbus  hupehensis  Schneider.     See  p.  467. 

Sorbus  hupehensis,  var.  syncarpa  Koehne.     See  p.  467. 
Here  may  probably   best  be   added:  Sorbus  foliolosa   (Wallich)    Spach   from 
Nepal  and  Sikkim,  S.  Wattii  Koehne  from  Manipur  and  possibly  also  S.  Kurzii 
(Watt  apud  Prain)  Schneider  from  Sikkim. 

5.  Group. 

18.  Sorbus  Prattii  Koehne.     See  p.  468. 
Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  laevis  Koehne.     See  p.  468. 
Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  striata  Koehne.     See  p.  468. 

Probably  most  closely  allied  to  this  species  are  S.  cashmiriana  Hedlund  from 
the  Himalaya  from  Kashmir  to  Simla,  S.  ursina  (Wallich)  Decaisne  from  Kamaon, 
S.  Wenzigiana  (Schneider)  Koehne  from  Kamaon  and  Sikkim. 

19.  Sorbus  munda  Koehne.     See  p.  469. 

Sorbus  munda,  f.  tatsienensis  Koehne.     See  p.  469. 
Sorbus  munda,  f.  subarachnoidea  Koehne.     See  p.  469. 

^  In  this  group  belong  probably  Sorbus  sambucifolia  (Chamisso  et  Schlechten- 
dal)  Roemer  from  Kamtchatka  and  Saghalin,  S.  Schneideriana  Koehne  from 
Amurland,  S.  Wilfordii  Koehne  from  Tsushima,  S.  pseudogracilis  (Schneider) 
Koehne  from  Japan,  S.  Matsumurana  (Makino)  Koehne  from  Japan,  S.  polaris 
Koehne  from  the  mouth  of  the  river  Ob,  and  S.  thianshanica  Ruprecht  from  Turke- 
stan, Afghanistan  and  Kashmir. 


I 


ROSACEAE.  —  SORBUS  483 

20.  Sorbus  aestivalis  Koehne.     See  p.  469. 

21.  Sorbus  glomerulata  Koehne,     See  p.  470. 

22.  Sorbus  Koehneana  Schneider,     See  p.  470. 

23.  Sorbus  Vilmorini  Schneider  in  Bull.  Herb.  Boissier,  sdr.  2,  VI.  317  (1906); 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  I,  682,  fig.  374  s,  3759  r  (1906);  excludenda  var.  setsch- 
wanensis  Schneider.  —  Hutchinson  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8241  (1909). 

Cormus  foliolosa  Franchet  in  Vilmorin  et  Bois,  Frut.  Vilmorin.  103,  fig.  (1904). 

Yunnan:  Delavay,  I  have  seen  only  cultivated  specimens  from  the  Botanic 
Garden  at  Berlin  and  from  the  Fruticetum  Vilmorinianum  at  Les  Barres. 

24.  Sorbus  multijuga  Koehne.     See  p.  472. 

Sorbus  multijuga,  var.  microdonta  Koehne.     See  p.  473. 
In  this  affinity  belong  Sorbus  microphylla  (Wallich)  Wenzig  from  Sikkim  and 
S.  rufopilosa  Schneider  from  Nepal,  Sikkim  and  Chumbi. 

25.  S.  pogonopetala  Koehne.     See  p.  473. 

26.  S.  unguiculata  Koehne.    See  p.  474. 

27.  S.  setschwanensis  (Schneider)  Koehne.     See  p.  475. 


CELASTRACEAE. 

EVONYMUS  L. 

Determined  by  Th.  Loesener  and  Alfred  Rehder. 

Evonymus  Aquifolium  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-metralis,  glaberrimus;  ramuli  hornotini  quadrangulati 
angulis  subalatis,  virides  v.  basim  versus  purpurascentes,  annotmi 
bmnnei  subangulati,  vetustiores  grisei  plus  minusve  rimosi.  Folia 
persistentia,  coriacea,  ovata  v.  ovato-oblonga,  subsessilia,  basi  leviter 
cordata  et  fere  amplexicaulia  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  inae- 
qualiter  sinuato-dentata  dentibus  manifeste  spinosis,  margine  undulata, 
4-7  cm.  longa  et  2.5-4.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  luteo-viridia,  subtus 
pallidiora,  nervis  utrinque  6-10  arcuatis  ut  costa  utrinque  leviter 
elevatis.  Flores  non  visi.  Capsulae  solitariae  in  axillis  foliorum  superi- 
orum;  pedunculus  angulatus,  2  cm.  longus,  v.  interdum  subnullus; 
pedicellus  3-7  mm.  longus,  subteres,  bracteis  rigidis  subulatis  2-3  mm. 
longis  suffultus;  capsula  depresso-globosa,  apice  impressa,  4-loba  lobis 
dorso  rotundatis,  viridis,  8-10  mm.  alta  et  12-15  mm.  diam.;  semina 
purpurea,  1-2  in  quoque  loculo,  arillo  aurantiaco  partim  tantum  in- 
voluta,  circiter  10  mm.  longa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  clififs,  rare,  alt.  2200  m.,  Novem- 
ber 1908  (No.  1366). 

A  very  distinct  species  on  account  of  its  holly-like  leaves.  It  is  most  nearly 
related  to  E.  ilicifolia  Franchet  from  Yunnan  which,  according  to  Franchet'a 
description,  differs  in  its  terete  branches,  narrower,  reticulate  and  thicker  leaves 
slightly  and  remotely  dentate,  narrower  at  the  base  and  borne  on  petioles  3-5  mm. 
long. 

Evonymus  grandiflora  Wallich  in  Roxburgh,  Fl.  Ind.  ed.  Carey  II. 
404  (1824);  Tent  Fl.  Nepal  41,  t.  30  (1824);  PI.  As.  Rar.  III.  35,  t. 
254  (1832).— Lawson  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  I.  608  (1875).— 
Franchet  m  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII.  454  (1886) ;  PI.  Delavay. 
130  (1889).  — Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  439  (1900);  XXX. 
452  (1902).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  175,  fig.  112  u, 
114  k  (1907). 

Lophopetalum  grandijiorum  Amott  in  Ann.  Nat.  Hist.  III.  151  (1839). 
484 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  485 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  side  of  streams,  rare,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1581).  Western  Szech'uan  :  Chengtu  plain,  near  Chcngtu,  alt. 
600  m.,  June  4,  1908  (No.  3128;  small  tree,  4  m.  high,  flowers  nearly 
white);  Mao-chou,  Min  valley,  cliffs,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  June  1  and 
September  1908  (No.  1022;  bush  1.3-3  m.  tall,  flowers  greenish 
white);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  Oct. 
1910  (No.  4201;  bush  or  small  tree,  5-8  m.  tall,  fruit  salmon-red). 

Evonymus  japonica  Thunberg,  Fl  Jap.  100  (1784).  —  Hooker  & 
Arnott,  Bot.  Voy.  Beechey,  261  t.  54  (1836?).  —  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg. 
XXX.  t.  6  (1844).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
XXVI.  441  (1881);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  178  (1883).  —  Franchet  m  Mem. 
Soc.  Sci.  Nat.  Cherbourg,  XXIV.  206  (1882).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour. 
Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  120  (1886).  —  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  441 
(1900);  XXX.  453.  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  173,  fig. 
Ill  k-p  (1907). 

According  to  Wilson  the  typical  upright  growing  form  of  E.  japonica  apparently 
does  not  occur  in  western  China. 

Evonymus  japonica,  var.  radicans  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat. 
II.  86  (Frol.  Fl.  Jap.  18)  (1865). —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sd. 
St.  Petersbourg,  XXVII.  441  (1881);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  178  (1883). 

Evonymus  radicans  Siebold  apud  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  III.  202; 
Prol.  Fl.  Jap.  366  (1867). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1000  m.,  June 
and  October  1907  (No.  396;  climber,  2-5  m.,  flowers  white,  fruit  white) ; 
without  localtiy,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1520). 

Evonjnoius  japonica,  var.  acuta  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Differt  a  typo  habitu  scandente,  foliis  tenuioribus  acutis  v.  breviter 
acuminatis  subtus  nervis  leviter  elevatis  et  venulis  distinctis  con- 
junctis.  Folia  elliptica  v.  ovato-elliptica,  rarius  elUptico-obovata, 
serrulata  dentibus  parvis  adpressis  acutis  mucronulatis,  4-6  cm.  longa 
et  1.5-3  cm.  lata.    Flores  et  fructus  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Hupeh  :  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  rocks,  alt.  600-1300 
m.,  June  1907  (No.  562,  only  flowers;  climber  2-4  m.);  Fang  Hsien, 
rocks,  alt.  1200  m.,  November  1907  (No.  562'';  climber  2  m.,  fruit 
white);  South  Wushan,  cliffs,  600-1200  m.,  October  1907  (No.  478; 
climber,  3-4  m.,  fruit  white);  Changyang  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1300  m., 
October  1907  (No.  505;  prostrate  over  rocks,  30-60  cm.,  fruit  white, 


486  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

seeds  vermilion);  without  precise  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  1227). 

This  variety  resembles,  in  its  climbing  habit,  E.  japonica,  var.  radicans  Miquel, 
but  is  easily  distinguished  from  this  as  well  as  from  the  type  by  the  thinner,  acute 
or  shortly  acuminate  leaves  distinctly  veined  beneath.  In  typical  E.  japonica 
the  leaves  are  obtuse  or  obtusish,  more  coarsely  and  crenately  serrate  and  of  thicker 
texture;  the  veins  are  not  as  distinct  as  in  var.  acuta,  but  more  so  than  in  var. 
radicans  where  they  are  almost  invisible.  A  picture  of  this  new  variety  will  be 
found  under  No.  0119  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's  photographs  climbing  on  a  tree 
of  Cedrela  microcarpa  C.  De  Candolle. 

Evonymus  oblongifolia  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-metralis;  ramuli  striato-subangulati,  glabri,  virides, 
tenues,  hornotini  subteretes,  laeves,  virides.  Folia  chartacea,  decidua, 
elliptico-oblonga,  rarius  fere  elliptica,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  serru- 
lata,  6-10  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  laete  flavo-viridia,  utrinque  glabra 
et  subconcoloria,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-14  sub  angulo  fere  recto  diver- 
gentibus  utrinque  ut  costa  media  elevatis  reticuloque  venularum 
prominulo;  petioli  tenues  6-8  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentiae  in  parte  ramu- 
lorum  inferiore  aphylla,  pedunculo  quadrangulari  tenui  3-4.5  cm,  longo 
rarius  breviore  insidentes,  ter  v.  quater  dichotome  furcatae;  pedicelli 
1-2  mm.  longi;  fiores  6-7  mm.  diam.,  flavidi;  sepala  semi-orbicularia, 
circiter  1  mm.  longa;  petala  suborbicularia,  2-2.5  mm.  diam.,  margine 
undulata  et  leviter  eroso-denticulata;  stamina  filamentis  brevissimis, 
antheris  luteis  subglobosis ;  ovarium  disco  insidenta,  breviter  conicum. 
Fructus  desideratur. 

Western  Hupeh:  Changlo  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300-1600 
m.,  May  1907  (No.  3125). 

Evonymus  oblongifolia  seems  closely  related  to  E.  flavescens  Loesener  which 
differs  chiefly  in  its  obovate,  abruptly  and  shortly  acuminate,  smaller  and  more 
crenately  serrate  leaves. 

Evonymus  kiautschovica  Loesener,  var.  patens  Loesener,  n.  comb. 

Evonymus  patens  Rehder  in  Sargent,  Trees  &  Shrubs,  I.  127,  t.  64  (1903). — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  174,  fig.  112  t,  114  f-i  (1907). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  rocks,  etc.,  alt. 
600-1300  m., November  1907  (No.  562,  fruit  only;  climber,  2-4  m.,  fruit 
white);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (No.  3690);  Patung  Hsien,  cliffs, 
alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  557,  only  flowers;  bush  1-3  m.  tall). 

No.  557  is  doubtfully  referred  to  this  variety;  the  inflorescence  has  fewer  flowers, 
the  disk  is  broader  and  the  leaves  are  generally  narrower,  more  crenately  serrate 
and  of  thicker  texture  with  the  veins  indistinct  beneath. 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  487 

Evonjmius  myriantha  Hcmsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1893, 
210. 

Evonymus  Rosthornii  Locsener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  437,  t.  4  b-f  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300-lGOO  m., 
November  1907  (No.  557,  fruit  only;  bush  3  m.,  fruit  golden);  same 
locality,  May  1907  (No.  3122;  bush  3  m.,  flowers  yellow);  Fang  Hsien, 
cliffs  side  of  streams,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  May  19  and  30,  1907  (No. 
3118,  3123);  without  precise  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  995),  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  2106);  Changyang,  June 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  576);  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5335,  5540,  5945, 
6126,  7016,  7823).  Western  Szech'uan :  Mt.  Omei,  May  and  July 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  4786,  4787;  shrub  3-6  m.  high). 

Evonymus  Sargentiana  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-4-metralis,  glaberrima;  ramuli  hornotini  subquadrangu- 
lares,  tenues,  luteo-virides,  glabri,  annotini  subteretes  obscure  virides. 
Folia  coriacea,  persistentia,  obovata  v.  oblongo-obovata,  subito  mani- 
feste  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  supra  trientem  infcriorem  integrun 
leviter  remote  crenato-serrata,  6-9  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra 
obscure  glauco-viridia,  non  nitentia,  subtus  flavo-viridia,  nervis 
utrinsecus  6-7  supra  leviter  elevatis  subtus  obscuris,  costa  media 
supra  manifeste,  subtus  leviter  elevata;  petioli  satis  graciles,  8-10  mm. 
longi.  Inflorescentia  fructifera  ter  v.  quater  dichotome  furcata,  laxa, 
pedunculo  angular!  circiter  3  cm.  longo  insidens;  pedicelli  5-7  mm. 
longi;  flores  non  visi;  capsula,  4-gona,  leviter  v.  vix  lobata,  angulis 
acutis,  oblongo-obovoidea,  basim  versus  sensim  attenuata,  apice 
subrotundata  et  acutiuscula  circiter  15  mm.  longa  et  8  mm.  diam., 
lutea;  semina  immatura  arillo  pallido  inclusa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1187). 

This  new  species  is  closely  related  to  E.  myriantha  Hemsley  which  diflfers  chiefly 
in  its  broader  obovoid  and  obcordiform  fruit  more  or  less  impressed  at  the  apex, 
longer  and  stouter  petioles  and  broader  short-acuminate  leaves. 

Evonymus  microcarpa  Sprague  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1908,  35. 

Evonymus  chinensis  Lindlcy,  var.  microcarpa  Oliver  apud  Loesener  in  Bot. 
Jahrb.  XXX.  456  (1902). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tung  valley,  south-east  of  Tachicn-lu,  alt. 
1300  m.,  November  1910  (No.  4165;  tree  5-7  m.  tall,  fruit  yellow,  axil 


488  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

scarlet) ;  banks  of  the  Yangtze  river,  April  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3329;  tree,  4  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  May  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3332;  tree,  7  m.  tall).  Western  Hupeh:  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  1397,  1650,  3073,  3099,  3580).  Shensi:  Temple  garden,  foot 
of  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  Wm.  Purdom  (No.  12) ;  Mt.  "  Huan-tou-san," 
July  1899,  J.  Giraldi. 

Evonymus  Dielsiana  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  440,  t.  4  l 
(1900);  XXX.  455  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh  :  Changyang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1500  m., 
July  1907  (No.  3119;  shrub  2  m.  high,  flowers  white);  Nanto,  June 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1204);  Patung  Hsien,  June  1901  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  1414). 

Evonymus  Rehderiana  Loesener,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-metralis,  glaberrimus;  ramuli  homotini  subangulati,  luteo- 
virides,  annotini  subteretes,  purpurascentes,  vetustiores  fuscescentes; 
gemmae  ovoideae,  acutae,  4-5  mm.  longae,  pallidae,  perulis  circiter 
9  exterioribus.  Folia  coriacea  persistentia,  oblonga,  breviter  acumi- 
nata, basi  late  cuneata,  supra  medium  minute  adpresse  serrulata  v. 
fere  Integra,  laete  luteo-viridia,  concolora,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-8  supra 
obscuris  subtus  elevatis  sub  angulo  acuto,  circiter  25°,  divergentibus 
arcuatis,  costa  media  utrinque  elevata,  reticulo  venularum  subtus 
prominulo;  petioli  subteretes,  5-7  mm.  longi.  Flores  desunt.  Infiore- 
scentiae  fructiferae  in  parti  inferiore  aphylla  ramulorum,  pedunculo 
tereti  gracili  circiter  5  cm.  longo,  in  speciminibus  paucis  suppetentibus 
fructu  solitario  praeditae,  pedicello  circiter  6  mm.  longo;  capsula 
5-mera,  depresso-globosa,  vix  lobata,  12-14  mm.  diam.,  valvis  dorso 
alatis,  alls  medio  3-4  mm.  longis;  semina  nondum  matura. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  October  1908 

(No.  1132). 

Evonymus  Rehderiana  somewhat  resembles  in  its  leaves  E.  laxiflora  Champion 
which  differs,  however,  in  its  turbinate  or  obcordate  fruit. 

Evonymus  venosa  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1893,  210.  — 
Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  441  (1900);  XXX.  458  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  rocks,  side  of  streams,  alt. 
3000-3600  m.,  May  and  November  1907  (No.  559;  bush,  1  m.  tall, 
flowers  greenish) ;  without  precise  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5778,  7019). 
Shensi :  "  Kin-san,"  July  23,  1897,  G.  Giraldi. 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  489 

Evonymus  corauta  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1893,  209. — 
Loosener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  441  (1900);  XXX.  458  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  No- 
vember 1907  (No.  558;  bush  1.50  m.).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mao- 
chou,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  May  23,  1908  (No.  558^  bush  1  m.); 
Chin-chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  September  15,  1908 
(No.  967%  fruiting  specimen  only;  bush  2-3  m.  tall);  west  and  near 
Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets  and  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  July 
and  September  1908  (Nos.  1047,  1049;  bush  1  m.  tall);  same  locality, 
October  1910  (No.  4183;  bush  2-3  m.,  fruit  dull  red);  Pan-lan-shan, 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3105; 
bush  2  m.  tall);  same  locality,  October  1910  (No.  4291;  bush  2-3  m.); 
west  of  Kuan-Hsien,  thickets  and  rocky  places,  alt.  2000-2600  m., 
June  1908  (Nos.  3104,  3106,  3107;  bush  1-1.60  m.,  flowers  purple); 
without  precise  locality,  alt.  2800  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3333).    Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (Nos.  6,  432). 

Evonymus  subsessilis  Sprague  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1908,  34. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  climbing  over  rocks,  alt.  1600- 
2500  m.,  August  1908  (No.  1215);  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  4784,  4785;  bush  2.5  m.).  Western  Hupeh:  Ichang, 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  3511,  3511%  3511'^). 

Evonymus  subsessilis,  var.  latifolia  Loesener,  n.  var. 

A  typo  differt  foliis  latioribus  ovalibus  usque  late  ovatis  rarius 
oblongis,  pedunculis  tenuioribus,  non  alatis  tantum  angulatis,  fructu 
aculeis  obsoletioribus  parcioribus,  tamen  conspicuis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1216;  bush,  2-4  m.  tall). 

The  leaves  of  this  variety  which  attain  a  length  of  11  cm.  by  5.5  cm.  are  very 
Bimilar  to  those  of  E.  Bockii  Loesener,  but  their  petioles  are  shorter  and  the  capsules 
show  a  few  small  prickles,  while  those  of  E.  Bockii  are  always  quite  smooth. 

Evonymus  mupinensis  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis,  sempervirens,  glaber;  ramuli  acute  quadrangu- 
lati  v.  anguste  quadrialati.  Folia  coriacea,  ovata  v.  elliptico-ovata, 
obtusiuscule  acuta,  basi  rotundata,  fere  a  basi  ad  apicem  adpresse 
serrata  dentibus  mucrone  fusco  spinuloso  porrecto  v.  incurvo  ter- 
minatis,  3-5  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia  subtus 
pallida  viridia  et  saepe  fulvcscentia,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-6  subangulo 


490  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

acuto  divergentibus  et  ad  apicem  versus  arcuatis  supra  et  subtus 
elevatis  v.  subtus  minus  elevatis  quam  supra,  venulis  obsoletis  v.  fere 
obsoletis.  Inflorescentiae  in  axillis  foliorum  mediorum,  plerumque  ter 
dichotomae,  densae,  circiter  2  cm.  diam.;  pedunculi  alati,  2-3  cm,  longi; 
pedicelli  verruculosi,  2-4  mm.  longi,  basi  bracteis  minutis  acuminatis 
fuscis  suffulti;  flores  4-meri,  6-7  mm.  diam.,  albi;  sepala  lata,  rotun- 
data;  petala  late  obovata,  margine  inflexa,  2.5  mm.  longa;  discus 
crassiusculus,  explanatus,  leviter  4-lobus;  stamina  in  margine  disci 
inserta,  filamentis  subulatis,  1.5  mm.  longis,  antheris  suborbicularibus 
flavidis;  ovarium  4-lobum,  dense  papillosum,  stylo  1  mm.  longo  fere 
cylindrico  coronatum,  in  floribus  masculis  vix  elevatum,  estylosum. 
Fructus  desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan  :  Mupin,  clififs,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  3II5)- 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  E.  subsessilis  Sprague  which  differs  chiefly  in 
the  narrower  leaves  usually  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base,  and  more  or  less  impressed 
along  the  veins. 

Evonymus  aculeatus  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1893, 
209.  —  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXX.  459  (1902).  —  Sprague  in  Kew 
Bull  Misc.  Inform.  1908,  33. 

Eastern  Szech'uan  :  South  Wushan,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  Octo- 
ber 1910  (No.  459;  bush  3  m.  tall);  same  locality)  A.  Henry  (No. 
5335^). 

Evonymus   acanthocarpa   Franchet,  PI.    Delavay.  129  (1889).  — 

Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  439  (1900);  XXX.  459  (1902).— 
Sprague  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1908,  32. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300- 

1600  m.,  June  1909  (No.  3117;  bush  2-3  m.,  flowers  greenish). 
Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  1300- 
1600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1089;  bush  2-3  m.). 

Evonymus  acanthocarpa,  var.  sutchuenensis  Franchet  apud  Loe- 
sener in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  439  (1900);  XXX.  459  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  south  of  Ichang,  rocky  places,  alt.  1300  m., 
July  and  October  1907  (No.  504;  bush  0.30-3  m.,  flowers  yellowish); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1000-1600  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3 116; 
bush  3  m.,  flowers  greenish);  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  3120;  bush  3  m.,  flowers  yellowish);  Patung  Hsien,  thickets, 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  491 

alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3121 ;  bush  4  m.).    Western  Szech'uan : 
Mt.  Omei,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4784^  bush,  5  m.). 

Evonymus  yedoensis  Koehne,  var.  Koehneana  Loesener,  n.  var. 

A  typo  nervis  subtus  pilosis  rccedit. 

Western  Hupeh :  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1000- 
1500  m.,  May  26,  June,  September  and  October  1907  (Nos.  353'',  type, 
353,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  white);  Fang  Hsien,  June  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  89P);  Patung  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  600- 
2200  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3112;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  white);  without 
precise  locality,  June  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  765''),  July  1900 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1446),  A.  Henry  (No.  6648).  Shensi:  Tai-pei- 
shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  8). 

Evonymus  lanceifolia  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXX.  462  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1500  m.,  July 
1907  (No.  353,  in  part;  bush,  1-2  m.,  flowers  white);  south  Wushan, 
thickets,  alt.  1200  m.,  October  1907  (No.  450;  bush  2-4  m.,  fruit 
white);  Changyang,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  765;  bush  2  m., 
flowers  white) ;  without  precise  locahty.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
891).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  dry,  warm  river 
valleys,  alt.  600-1000  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  1105;  bush 
2-3  m.,  or  tree  to  14  m.  tall,  girth  1.60-2.60  m.);  Wa-shan,  thickets, 
alt.  2000  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1105";  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers 
white);  north  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4180;  bush  3  m.,  fruit  orange).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  A.  Henry 
(No.  11165,  type);  Szemao,  A.  Henry  (No.  13411). 

A  picture  of  this  plant  will  be  found  under  No.  71  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  215. 

Evonymus  saxicola  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-1.5  m.  altus,  glaberrimus,  ramis  divaricatis;  ramuli  horno- 
tini  et  annotini  tenues,  subquadrialati,  virides,  vetustiores  brunnes- 
centes,  lenticellati.  Folia  decidua,  ovato-oblonga,  basi  rotundata, 
apice  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula,  crenato-serrata,  1.5-2.5  cm.  longa  et 
8-11  mm.  lata,  luteo-viridia,  concolora,  nervis  utrinsecus  3-5 
utrinque  leviter  elevatis,  costa  media  utrinque  prominula,  venulis 
obsoletis;  petioli  tenues,  2-4  mm.  longi.  Florcs  desunt.  Cymae 
fructiferae  ut  videtur  bis  dichotome  furcatae;  pedunculus  tenuis,  teres, 
1.5-2.5  cm.  longus;  pedicelli  graciles  2-5  mm.  longi;  capsula  4-mera, 


492  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ambitu  depresso-globosa,  lobata,  dorso  loborum  rotundato  leviter 
costato,  apice  plus  minusve  intrusa,  7-9  mm.  diam,,  circiter  6  mm. 
alta,  luteo-viridis;  semina  solitaria  in  quoque  loculo,  testa  purpurea, 
arillo  aurantiaco  dimidium  tantum  semen  involvente. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  cliffs,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4378). 

This  species  is  related  to  E.  Semenovii  Regel  &  Herder,  which  differs  in  its 
longer  and  more  acute  leaves  and  the  longer  peduncles;  it  is  also  related  to  E. 
Przewalskii  Maximowicz  which  may  be  distinguished  by  the  acuminate,  more 
closely  serrate  leaves  and  by  the  narrowly  winged  fruit. 

Evonymus  Semenovii  Regel  &  Herder  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc. 
XXXIX.  pt.  I.  557  (1866). 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
3000-3300  m.,  July  9,  1908  (No.  3126;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  dark  red).^ 

Evonymus  nanoides  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.60-1.00  m.  altus;  ramuli  hornotini  subquadrialati,  tenues, 
puberuli,  virides;  annotini  acute  quadrangulares,  virides;  gemmae 
terminales  parvae  acutae,  brunneae.  Folia  anguste  lanceolata  v. 
lineari-lanceolata,  utrinque  attenuata,  apice  acutiuscula,  minute  ad- 
presse  serrulata  dentibus  fere  ad  mucronem  brunneum  reductis, 
0.8-2  cm.  longa  et  1.5^  mm.  lata,  utrinque  ad  costam  mediam  et 
sparse  ad  nervos  secundarios  minute  hirtula,  luteo-viridia,  concolora, 
nervis  utrinsecus  3-5  obsoletis;  petioli  minute  hirtuli,  1-3  mm.  longi. 
Flores  desunt.  Fructus  solitarii  v.  bini  axillares  brevissime  pedicellati ; 
capsula  4-mera,  ambitu  depresso-globosa,  fere  ad  medium  lobata  lobis 
obtusis  adscendentibus,  10-12  mm.  diam.  et  6  mm.  alta,  apice  trun- 
cata  et  leviter  intrusa,  plerumque  valvis  2  tantum  fertilibus;  semina 
in  quoque  loculo  solitaria,  ovoidea,  5-6  mm.  longa,  purpurea,  arillo 
aurantiaco  apice  aperto  inclusa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Min  valley,  Wei-chou,  cliffs,  alt.  1600-2300 
m.,  August  1910  (No.  4567). 

*  A  closely  related  species  from  Kansu  is  the  following: 

Evon3mius  Przewalskii  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  XXVII. 
451  (1881);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  194  (1881);  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.Xl.97  (1890).— 
Loesener  in  Bat.  Jahrb.  XXX.  464  (1902). 

Kansu:  Minchou  district,  alt.  2800  m.,  1910,  W.  Purdom. 

Purdom's  specimen,  which  is  in  flower,  agrees  very  well  with  the  description  of 
Maximowicz's  species  of  which  I  have  seen  no  specimens  and  seems  to  differ  from  it 
only  in  the  leaves  being  mostly  broadly  cuneate  at  the  base,  though  they  are  broadest 
below  the  middle.  A.  R. 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  493 

This  species  seems  most  nearly  related  to  E.  nana  Marschall-Bicberstein  which 
is  easily  distinguished  by  its  alternate  or  whorled  leaves  and  by  the  longer  pe- 
duncles; E.  Przewalskii  Maximowicz  and  E.  Semenovii  Kegel  &  Herder  differ  in 
their  larger  and  broader  leaves  and  slender  peduncles. 

Evonymus  vemicosoides  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXX.  462  (1902). 

Western  Szech'uan :  Ta-p'ao-shan,  north-east  of  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  July  3,  1908  (No.  3129;  bush,  2  m.,  flowers 
dark  red) ;  valley  of  Hsao-chin-ho,  Monkong  Ting,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3127;  bush,  1-2  m.,  flowers  dark  red).  Western 
Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1800  m.,  July  1907  (No. 
3124;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers  bronzy-yellow). 

No.  3127  differs  from  the  type  in  its  much  smaller  leaves  not  exceeding  2  cm. 
No.  3124  forms  a  transition  to  the  following  variety. 

Evonymus  verrucosoides,  var.  viridiflora  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  floribus  viridibus  v.  virescentibus,  foliis  tenuioribus, 
magis  acuminatis,  distinctius  petiolatis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Pan-lan-shan,  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  cHffs, 
alt.  2300-2800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3113,  type;  bush,  1.20  m.,  flowers 
green). 

Evonymus  alata  Regel,  Fl.  Ussur.  40,  t.  7  (1861).  —  Miquel  in  Ann. 
Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  86  (1865).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sd. 
St.  Petershourg,  XXVII.  453  (1881);  in  Mel.  Biol.  XI.  196  (1883).  — 
Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  444  (1900). 

Celastrus  striatus  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  98  (1784). 

Celastrus  alatus  Thunberg,  1.  c.  (1784). 

Evonymus  subtrijlora  Blurae,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  1147  (1825). 

Evonymus  Thunbcrgiana  Blume,  1.  c.  (1825).  —  Baker  &  Moore  in  Jour.  Linn. 

Sac.  XVII.  380  (18S0).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6t.  2,  V. 

{PI.  David.  I.  70)  (1883).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXIII.  121. 
Mclanocarya  alata  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc.  I.  453  (1858). 
Evonymus  striata  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXX.  463   (1902).  —  Schneider, 

III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  172,  fig.  Ill  a-c  (1907). 
Evonymus  Loeseneri  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  229  (1911). 

Kiangsi:  Ruling,  side  of  streams,  not  common,  alt.  1300  m.,  July 
29,  1907  (No.  1580;  bush  3  m.).  Western  Hupeh  :  north  and  south 
of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  300-1000  m.,  May,  September,  October  and 
November  1907  (Nos.  354,  354";  bush,  1-3  m.);  Ichang,  thickets,  ra- 
vines, alt.  300-600  m.,  April  1907  (Nos.  3103,  3538;  bush,  1-1.30  m., 
flowers  white) ;  without  precise  locality,  May  1900  (Vcitch  Exped.  Nos. 


494  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

36,  36^),  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1172,  2096,  3087,  3394,  6708,  7054,  7168, 
7412).  Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom;  north-west  of 
Hanchung  Hsien,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  375);  Yenan  Fu,  1910, 
W.  Purdom  (No.  342) ;  ''  Kin-qua-san,"  July  1897,  G.  Giraldi;  "  Huo- 
kio-zay,"  July  16,  1897,  G.  Giraldi;  "  Thui-kio-thien,"  October  9,  1897, 
G.  Giraldi;  "  Lao-y-san,"  G.  Giraldi.  Chili:  Weichang,  1910,  W. 
Purdom.  Shin gkin g :  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  24:).  Shantung:  Tsing- 
tau,  R.  Zimmermann  (No.  184).  Chekiang:  Ningpo,  1908,  D. 
Macgregor. 

Evonymus  alata,  var.  aperta  Loesener,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  minoribus,  tantum  2.3-3.8  cm.  longis,  axillo 
rubro  apice  aperto,  reminis  testa  atra,  non  fusca. 

Western  Szech'uan  :  near  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4178;  bush  3  m.,  fruit  dull  red,  axil  scarlet,  seeds  black); 
same  locality,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  September  1908  (No.  3102; 
bush  2-3  m.);  Sungpan,  alt.  2600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4152;  bush 
3  m.,  fruit  purple,  seeds  black  and  orange-red). 

A  well-marked  variety  and  very  handsome  in  fruit  with  the  black  seeds  pro- 
truding from  their  scarlet  arils. 

Here  may  be  added  another  new  variety  from  northeastern  China: 

Evonymus  alata,  var.  pilosa  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  var. 

Evonymus  Thunbergianus  Blume,  var.  Baker  &  Moore  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XVII. 
380  (1880). 

A  typo  foliis  subtus  in  nervis  puberulis. 
Chili:  Weichang,  1909,  W.  Purdom  (No.  30). 

Evon3niius  sanguinea  Loesener,  var.  /3.  camptoneura  Loesener  in 
Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  442,  t.  5  a-b  (1900);  XXX.  465  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-2600  m., 
May  1907  (No.  3111;  bush  2-3  m.,  flowers  greenish);  Kui-chou,  June 
1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  589=^);  Patung  Hsien,  May  1901  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  589) ;  without  precise  locality,  April  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  2053),  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1160,  in  part),  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  5445,  6039,  6507,  6556).  Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4177; 
bush  1.30-2  m.);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4308;  bush  3-5  m.,  fruit  purple);  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt. 
1600-2600  m.,  September  1908  (No.  968,  in  part,  fruiting  specimens); 
without  locality,  alt.  3600-4000  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3331),  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5562,  7254). 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  495 

The  variety  camptoneura  seems  to  be  much  more  common  than  the  var.  a. 
orthoneura  Locsoner;  the  latter  is  represented  in  the  Arnold  Arboretum  Herbarium 
by  Rosthom's  No.  491  (fragment  and  photograph  only)  and  Henry's  No.  6183 
and  by  part  of  Wilson's  Veitch  Exped.  No.  1160  (fruiting  specimens;  the  flowering 
specimen  belongs  to  var.  camytoncura) ;  Henry's  Nos.  6556  and  7254  form  a  transi- 
tion to  var.  camptoneura. 

Evonymus  sanguinea,  var.  brevipedunculata  Loesener,  n.  var. 

A  typo  pedimculis  tantum  usque  2.6  cm.  longis  recedit. 

Western  Szech'uan:  dry,  warm  river  valleys  west  of  Tachien-lu, 
alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1308;  tree  7  m.  tall,  trunk  0.30  m. 
diam.). 

This  variety  forms  a  transition  to  the  following  species. 

Evonymus  Giraldii  Loesener,  var.  ciliata  Loesener  in  Bot.  Jahrh. 
XXIX.  443  (1900);  XXX.  465  (1902). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2300  m., 
September  1907  (No.  356,  in  part;  specimens  with  open  fruit). 

The  specimen  from  Szech'uan  differs  in  its  much  longer  peduncles,  up  to  6  cm. 
in  length. 

Evonymus  Giraldii  Loesener,  var.  angustialata  Loesener,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  capsulis  alls  perangustis,  pedunculis  usque  ad  4  cm. 
longis. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2300  m., 
September  1907  (No.  356,  in  part;  specimens  with  closed  fruit). 
Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Sungpan,  thickets,  alt.  2300- 
3000  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4566;  bush  3  m.);  without  precise  locahty, 
alt.  3600  m.,  September  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3334;  bush  1.30-2  m.) 
Shensi:  "  Thai-pei-san,"  September  1899,  G.  Giraldi. 

Evonymus  porphyrea  Loesener  in  Not.  Bot.  Card.  Edinburgh  {PI. 
Chin.  Forrest.  No.  2240)  (ined.). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2300 
m.,  June  5,  1907  (No.  356,  in  part,  flowering  specimens;  flowers  dull 
red).  Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-wu-shan,  Hung-ya  Hsien,  woods, 
alt.  1600-2000  m.,  September  1907  (No.  967;  bush  1.30-2  m.);  Wa- 
shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  968,  in  part, 
flowering  specimens;  flowers  purple);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  3109;  bush,  2-5  m.,  flowers 
dark  purple);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No. 


496  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

3110,  in  part,  flowering  specimens  only);  Ta-hsiang-ling,  Chin-chi 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-2300  m..  May  1908  (No.  3108;  bush 
1.60  m.,  flowers  purple);  Chin-chi  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
June  15,  1908  (No.  967^,  in  part,  flowering  specimen;  flowers  dark 
purple,  bush  2-3  m.). 

Evonymus  dasydictyon  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-6-metralis,  glaber;  ramuli  teretes,  hornotini  virescentes, 
annotini  purpureo-fusci;  gemmae  conico-oblongae,  5-7  mm.  longae, 
perulis  apice  purpurascentibus  margine  angustissime  scariosis.  Folia 
decidua,  chartacea,  elliptica  v.  oblonga,  acuminata  et  interdum  longe 
acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  in  petiolum  decurrentia,  margine  dense  serru- 
lata  denticulis  incurvis  mucronulatis,  4-10  cm.  longa  et  2-4  cm.  lata, 
supra  obscure  viridia,  non  nitida,  leviter  reticulata,  subtus  flavo- 
viridia,  manifeste  reticulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  4-5  angulo  angusto, 
circiter  15-20°,  divergentibus,  supra  ut  costa  media  leviter  elevatis  et 
colore  flavido  conspicuis,  venulis  et  nervis  sub  lente  valida  rugulosis; 
petioli  flavo-virides,  plani,  margine  subalati,  5-10  mm.  longi.  Inflo- 
rescentia  (fructifera  tantum  visa)  bis  ad  quater  furcata,  pedunculo 
2.5-3.5  cm.  longo  tereti  incluso  ad.  7.5  cm.  longa;  pedicelli  breves 
3-5  mm.  longi;  capsula  ambitu  subglobosa,  (immatura  tantum  visa) 
circiter  1  cm.  alta,  4-mera,  manifeste  alata,  alis  deltoideis  circiter 
6  mm.  longis  et  basi  7  mm.  latis  apice  obtusis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  July 
1908  (No.  3 1 10,  in  part,  fruiting  specimens). 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  E.  sanguinea  Loesener  which  differs 
chiefly  in  its  thinner  leaves  less  strongly,  though  distinctly,  reticulate,  with  the 
veins  and  veinlets  not  rugulose,  broadly  cuneate  or  rounded  at  the  base  and  in  the 
fruit  which  is  truncate  at  the  base  and  rounded  at  the  apex. 

Evonymus  elegantissima  Loesener  &  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metraHs,  glabra;  ramuli  hornotini  subteretes  tenues,  pallide 
virides,  annotini  teretes,  purpurascentes  v.  fuscescentes,  vetustiores 
purpureo-fusci;  laeves;  gemmae  conico-ovoideae,  3-4  mm.  longae, 
perulis  viridibus  margine  pallide  brunneo  scarioso,  lacero.  Folia 
membranacea,  oblongo-lanceolata  v.  anguste  lanceolata,  acuminata, 
basi  cuneata,  dense  serrulata  dentibus  minutis  aristato-mucronatis 
laxe  adpressis,  4-9  cm.  longa  et  1-2  cm.  lata,  supra  luteo-viridia,  non 
nitentia  subtus  pallide  viridia  nervis  utrinsecus  5-6  sub  angulo  acuto, 
circiter  15-20°,  divergentibus  supra  ut  costa  media  leviter  elevatis  et 


CELASTRACEAE.  —  EVONYMUS  497 

colore  flavido  conspicuis  subtus  leviter  elevatis,  reticulo  venularum  vix 
conspicuo;  petioli  compressi,  subalati,  3-5  mm.  longi.  Inflorescentia 
laxa,  pauciflora,  semel  v.  bis  furcata,  pedunculo  gracili  tereti  8-14  cm. 
longo,  radiis  primi  ordinis  3-5  subverticillatis  unifloris  et  1.5  -2.5  cm. 
longis  V.  bi-  ad  trifloris  et  2-7  cm.  longis  (inflorescentia  tota  ad  20 
cm.longa);  flores  4-meri,  6-7  mm.diam.  virides;  sepala  late  scmiorbicu- 
laria;  petala  ovalia;  stamina  filamentis  brevissimis,  antheris  non  visis; 
ovarium  disco  insidens,  4-lobum.  Capsula  immatura  depresso-sub- 
globosa,  circiter  1  cm.  cliam.  et  fere  alta,  4-alata,  alis  angustis,  10-18 
mm.  longis  et  3-4  mm.  latis  apcie  rotundatis  marginibus  fere  parallelis 
paullo  supra  basin  subito  dilatatis  et  ad  basim  apicemque  capsulae 
decurrentibus;  semina  immatura. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  cliffs,  very  rare,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
May  26,  1907  (No.  3114,  type);  without  precise  locality,  ^1.  Henry 
(No.  6584). 

This  species  is  well  characterized  by  its  narrow  leaves  and  extremely  long  and 
slender  peduncles.  It  is  apparently  nearest  to  E.  sanguinea  Loesener  which  is 
easily  distinguished  by  its  broader  leaves  and  shorter  peduncles;  in  its  narrow 
leaves  it  resembles  E.  cornuta  Hemsley,  but  that  species  differs  widely  in  its  5- 
merous  purple  flowers,  in  the  narrower  wings  of  the  fruits  and  in  the  shorter 
peduncles. 


HIPPOCASTANACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

AESCULUS  L. 

Aesculus  Wilsonii  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Aesculus  chinensis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  450  (non  Bunge)  (1900). — 
Schneider,  III  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  249,  fig.  171  f,  173  b-c  (1909).— 
Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Gicrn.  Bot.  Hal.  n.  ser.  XVIII.  235  (1911). 

Aesculus  indica  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  423  (non 
Colebrooke)  (1910). 

Arbor  ad  25  m.  alta,  trunco  4  m.  circuitu,  cortice  pallide  griseo- 
brunneo  sublaevi  lenticellis  numerosis  parvis  notato  in  lamellas  tenues 
solubili,  sub  lamellis  cinnamomeo ;  ramuli  validi,  initio  dense  villosiili, 
mox  glabrescentes,  vetustiores  cinereo-brunnei ;  gemmae  terminales 
ovoideae,  obtusiusculae,  1.5-2  cm.  longae,  castaneo-brunneae,  resino- 
sae,  perulis  exterioribus  imbricatis  6-8.  Folia  digitata,  longe  peduncu- 
lata  pedunculo  puberulo  v,  glabrescente  8-15  cm.  longo;  foliola  5-7, 
petiolulata,  oblongo-obovata  v.  oblonga  v.  oblongo-oblanceolata,  acu- 
minata V.  subito  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata  rarius 
subcordata,  dense  serrulata  dentibus  calloso-mucronatis  vix  incurvis, 
10-25  cm.  longa  et  4-10.5  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra  costa  media 
basim  versus  villosula  excepta,  nitentia,  subtus  initio  cinereo-tomen- 
tosa  V.  dense  villosula,  maturitate  glabrescentia,  pallide  viridia, 
reticulo  venularum  prominulo,  nervis  utrinsecus  15-20  supra  fla- 
vescentibus  leviter  elevatis  subtus  ut  costa  manifeste  elevatis ;  petioluli 
puberuli,  0.8-3  cm.  longi.  Panicula  terminalis,  magna,  sine  pedunculo 
8-10  cm.  longo  sparse  villosulo  v.  puberulo  20-30  cm.  longa  et  basi 
8-11  cm.  diam.,  puberula,  inflorescentiae  partiales  (drepanii)  graciliter 
pedicellati,  5-10-flori,  fere  horizontaliter  patentes;  pedicelli  circiter  5 
mm.  longi;  flores  fragrantes;  calyx  tubulosus,  6-7  mm.  longus,  extus 
puberulus,  lobis  5  inaequalibus,  obtusis,  circiter  1  mm.  longis,  minute 
ciliolatis;  petala  4,  12-14  mm.  longa,  extus  tomentosa  intus  glabra, 
villoso-ciliata,  alba,  superiora  spathulato-oblonga,  sensim  in  unguicu- 
1am  attenuata,  supra  3  mm.  lata,  maculo  luteo  ornata,  lateralia  obo- 
vato-oblonga,  4.5  mm.  lata,  basi  cuneata;  stamina  plerumque  7, 
inaequalia,  ad  3  cm.  longa,  filamentis  complanatis  glabris,  antheris 

498 


HIPPOCASTANACEAE.  —  AESCULUS  499 

ovoideis,  1.3  mm.  longis;  pistillum  in  floribus  masculis  ad  stylum  caly- 
cem  vix  v.  paullo  supcrantem  glabrescentem  disco  lobulato  insidentem 
reductum;  in  flore  fertili  ovarium  ovoideum,  4-5  mm.  longum,  rufo- 
tomentosum;  stylus  apice  glabro  excepto  dense  breviter  villosus,  cum 
ovario  circiter  3  cm.  longus.  Capsula  3-valvis,  inermis,  verruculosa, 
flavo-brunnea,  inaequaliter  ovoidea,  vix  pyriformis,  3-4  cm.  longa, 
mucronata,  plerumque  monosperma,  valvis  tenuibus,  fragilibus,  in 
sicco  1.5-2  mm.  crassis;  semen  subglobosum,  3-3.5  cm.  diam.  casta- 
neum,  hilo  magno  albido  suborbiculari  2.5-3  cm.  diam.  circiter  tertiam 
partem  seminis  occupante. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hsin-wen-ping,  Min  valley,  alt.  1000  m., 
June  1,  1908  (No.  200,  type);  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (ex  Diels). 
Western  Hupeh  :  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woods,  alt.  1300-1800 
m.,  September  1907;  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May 
25,  June  and  September  1907;  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
October  1907;  Changlo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m..  May  and 
June  1907;  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  April  6,  1907 
(all  under  No.  200) ;  without  locahty,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1303).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan,  yl, //enry  (Nos.  5892, 
7203,  7203=^);  "  Ou-kia-ki,  Ou-tan-scian,  North  Siho,"  C.  Silvestri 
(Nos.  1388,  1389,  3097,  ex  Pampanini). 

This  beautiful  tree  has  been  usually  confused  with  A .  chinensis  Bunge,  which  differs 
in  its  nearly  glabrous  short-petiolulate  leaves  sparingly  pilose  only  on  the  veins 
below  and  cuneate  at  the  base,  in  the  smaller  flowers  and  chiefly  in  the  subglobosc 
slightly  depressed  fruit  truncate  and  slightly  impressed  at  the  apex,  with  thick 
walls,  in  the  dry  fruit  3-4  mm.  thick,  and  in  the  smaller  seeds  with  the  hilum  oc- 
cupying one  half  or  more  than  one  half  of  the  surface  of  the  seed.  It  is  also  closely 
allied  to  A.  indica  Colebrooke,  which  differs  in  its  larger  flowers  with  much  broader 
petals,  in  the  inflorescence  with  less  crowded  ascending  ramifications  and  in  the 
cuneate  glabrous  leaflets;  A.  punduana  WaUich,  which  more  resembles  our  species 
in  its  inflorescence  and  flowers,  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  very  short-stalked 
cuneate  and  glabrous  subcoriaceous  and  indistinctly  serrulate  leaflets. 

Pictures  of  A.  Wilsonii  will  be  found  under  Nos.  96  and  343  of  the  collection  of 
Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  114  and  115. 

Though  I  have  not  seen  the  specimens  collected  by  A.  von  Rosthorn  in  Szech'uan 
and  by  Silvestri  in  Hupeh,  I  have  no  doubt  that  they  belong  to  A.  Wilsonii, 
while  the  specimen  collected  by  Piasezki  in  Shensi  is  probably  the  true  A.  chinensis 
to  which  Maximowicz  referred  it. 

As  a  complete  description  of  A.  chinensis  has  not  been  published,  a  description 
of  this  species  based  on  the  material  in  the  herbarium  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum 
may  be  given  here: 

Aesculus  chinensis  Bunge  in  M6m.  Sac.  Etr.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  PHcrshourg,  II.  84 
{Enum.  PL  Chin.  Bor.  10)  (1S33).  —  Walpers,  Rep.  I.  423.  —  Hance  in  Jour.  Bat. 
VIII.  312  (1870).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Sac.  XXIII.  139  (188G).  —  Maximo- 


500  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

wicz  in  Act.  Hort.  Petrop.  XI.  105  (1890).  —  Purdom  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LXIV. 
346,  fig.  150-152  (1912). 

Arbor  ad  25-metrali3;  ramuli  homotini  glabri  v.  initio  minutissime  puberuli, 
annotini  flavescentes  v.  flavo-cinerei,  lenticellis  parvis  instructi.  Folia  5-7-folio- 
lata;  foliola  membranacea,  oblongo-oblanceolata  v.  obovato-oblonga  v.  oblonga, 
subito  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  inferiora  obliqua,  extus  interdum  fere  rotundata, 
argute  inaequaliter  serrulata  dentibus  acutiusculis  v.  obtusiusculis,  9-16  cm.  longa 
et  3-5.5  cm.  lata,  laete  viridia,  supra  glaberrima,  subtus  ad  costam  mediam 
praesertim  in  parti  inferiore  et  saepe  in  parte  inferiore  nervorum  pilosula,  ceterum 
glaberrima,  maturitate  subtus  et  supra  (in  sicco  saltum)  leviter  elevato-reticulata, 
costa  media  supra  leviter,  subtus  manifeste  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  13-17  subtus 
elevatis;  petiolulus  folioli  medii  circiter  1  cm.,  ei  foliolorum  exteriorum  2-3  mm. 
longi  puberuli;  petioli  6-12  mm.  longi,  minute  puberuli.  Panicula  cylindrica  cum 
pedunculo  5-8  cm.  longo  fere  glabro  circiter  25  cm.  longa;  rhachis  minute  puberula; 
inflorescentiae  partiales  numerosissimae,  graciliter  pedunculatae  pedunculo  1-1.5 
longo,  5-10-florae,  minute  puberulae;  pedicelli  2-A  mm.  longi;  calyx  anguste  cam- 
panulatus,  4-5  mm.  longus,  extus  minute  puberulus,  inaequaliter  5-lobatus,  saepe 
irregulariter  bilabiatus  lobis  obtusis  brevibus  minute  ciliolatis;  petala  4,  circiter 
10  mm.  longa,  alba,  minute  ciliolata,  extus  puberula,  intus  glabra,  superiora  ob- 
lanceolata,  1.5  mm.  lata,  lateralia  oblongo-obovata  basi  sensim  in  unguiculans 
attenuata,  circiter  2.5  mm.  lata;  stamina  plerumque  6,  20-30  mm.  longa,  filamentis 
filiformibus  glabris,  antheris  oblongis  fulvis  1.5  mm.  longis;  pistillum  rudimenta- 
rium  floris  masculi  clavatum  calycem  vix  superans.  Fructus  globoso-obovoideus, 
apice  truncatus  plerumque  leviter  impressus,  3-4  cm.  diam.,  pallide  flavo-cinereus 
dense  verruculosus,  pariete  exteriore  valvarum  5-6  mm.  crassa,  in  sicco;  semina 
plerumque  tantum  1-2  evoluta,  subglobosa,  2-2.5  cm.  diam.,  obscure  castaneo- 
brunnea,  sed  hilo  albido  plus  quam  dimidiam  partem  seminis  occupante. 

Chili:  near  Peking,  western  hills,  growing  in  temple  grounds,  April  30,  1912, 
W.  Purdom  (No.  874;  flowers  not  yet  open);  Peking,  September  20,  1877,  E.  Bret- 
schneider  (leaves);  same  locality,  1882,  E.  Bretschneider  (fruits);  without  locality 
and  without  collector  (ex  Herb.  St.  Petersburg;  flowers).  Shensi:  without  local- 
ity, Piasezki  (ex  Maximowicz). 

This  species  has  been  often  confused  with  A.  turbinata  Blume,  which  has  entirely 
different  leaves  and  flowers;  the  leaflets  are  sessile,  obovate,  larger,  pubescent  on 
the  under  surface  or  at  least  ferruginously  pubescent  on  the  midrib  and  veins 
while  young;  the  flowers  are  similar  in  color  and  shape  to  those  of  A.  Hippocas- 
tanum  Linnaeus,  but  smaller  (a  good  colored  plate  will  be  found  in  Shirasawa, 
Icon.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  I.  t.  71);  the  fruits  are  similar  to  those  of  A.  chinensis, 
but  they  are  larger,  about  4-5  cm.  long,  rounded  and  even  slightly  apiculate  at 
the  apex,  dark  brown  and  densely  dotted  with  rather  large  light  yellowish  brown 
warts,  not  uniformly  pale  yellowish  brown  as  in  A.  chinensis:  the  walls  are  about 
3-4  mm.  thick;  the  seeds  which  have  the  same  large  hilum  differ  in  their  size, 
measuring  2.5-3.5  in  diameter. 

Aesculus  chinensis  seems  to  occur  in  the  neighborhood  of  Peking  as  a  planted  tree 
only  and  it  is  possible  that  like  the  Moutan  it  is  a  native  of  Shensi,  where  Piasezki 
collected  it  according  to  Maximowicz,  and  that  it,  like  the  Moutan,  was  carried  east- 
ward with  the  spread  of  Chinese  civilization.  It  is  extremely  rare  in  European 
gardens;  the  only  definite  proof  of  its  existence  we  have,  are  some  fruits  collected 
by  Professor  Sargent  at  the  famous  arboretum  at  Segrez  in  1887,  but  the  tree 
probably  no  longer  exists,  at  least  the  writer  did  not  notice  it,  as  he  visited  the  same 
place  in  1905.  It  has  recently  been  reintroduced  by  the  Arnold  Arboretum  through 
its  collector  W.  Purdom. 


CLETHRACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

CLETHRA  L. 

Clethra  monostachya  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp.   ~     C  .  '^«''^-f»^*ic 

Frutex  v.  arbor  parva,  2-6  m.  alta;  ramuli  hornotini  initio  stellato- 
pilosi,  mox  glabrescentes,  purpureo-brunnei,  annotini  brunnei  cortice 
solubili;  gemmae  elongatae,  acutae,  dense  sericeo-villosae.  Folia 
membranacea,  ovato-lanceolata  v.  elliptico-lanceolata,  rarius  lanceo- 
lata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  serrata  dentibus  adpressis  mucronatis, 
8-14  cm.  longa  et  2.5-5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  glabra,  subtus 
pallidiora,  in  axillis  venarum  barbata  ceterum  glabra,  costa  media 
supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-16  subtus  elevatis; 
petioli  glabri,  supra  canaliculati,  interdum  leviter  alati,  1-2.5  cm. 
longi.  Racemi  terminales  solitarii,  rarius  3,  laxi,  15-20  cm.  longi, 
lateralibus  fere  dimidio  minoribus,  rhachis  ut  pedicelli  stellato- 
tomentosa;  pedicelli  5-8  mm.  longi,  bracteis  lanceolatis  caducis  circiter 
5  mm.  longis  suffulti;  sepala  ovata,  acuta,  2.5-3  mm.  longa,  extus 
dense  villosa;  petala  oblonga  v.  ovali-oblonga,  leviter  concava,  ob- 
tusa  V.  emarginata,  5-6  mm.  longa,  glabra;  stamina  petalis  paullo 
longiora,  filamentis  basi  dilatatis  infra  medium  sparse  villosis,  an- 
theris  fere  2  mm.  longis;  stylus  staminibus  paullo  brevior  infra  apicem 
curvatus,  adpresse  pilosus  apice  excepto,  stigmate  3-lobo;  ovarium 
dense  villosum,  apice  pilosum.  Capsula  nutans,  subglobosa,  circiter 
5  mm.  diam.,  tomento  cinereo-fusco  obtecta,  stylo  persistente  coro- 
nata,  basi  sepalis  persistentibus  adpressis  suffulta;  semina  irregu- 
lariter  ovalia,  circiter  1.5  mm.  longa,  flavo-brunnea,  testa  manifeste 
reticulata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3927,  type) ;  Mupin,  woodlands,  October 
1908  (No.  1 192). 

This  species  is  allied  to  Clethra  Delavayi  Franchet  which  is  described  as  hav- 
ing cuncate-obovate  loaves  sliKhtly  scabrid  above,  solitary  racemes,  petals  8-12 
mm.  long,  obovate  and  ciliate  and  longer  than  the  stamens.  Clethra  Fargesii 
Franchet  is  distinguished  chiefly  by  the  leaves  being  less  attenuate  at  the  base, 

501 


502  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

^'^^   '^        by  the  very  numerous  racemes,  smaller  flowers,  more  acuminate  sepals,  differently 

E-M  '♦'^vCr-Vft---/ shaped  stamens  and  a  glabrous  style. 

iKx^k.cZ^^   r^         Clethra  monostachya  is  found  scattered  through  western  Szech'uan,  but  is  no- 

-er^t-t^-i-t**^  ^     where  abundant  and  is  confined  to  the  margins  of  woods  and  thickets.    It  is 

Z„*^  "^  *^     more  common  on  Mt.  Omei  than  elsewhere. 

^*-  -  Five  new  species  {Clethra  Bodinieri,  C.  kaipoensis,  C.  Esquirolii,  C.  Cavaleriei, 

C.  pinfaensis)  are  described  by  H.  Leveill6  in  Fedde  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  X.  475  (1912) 
from  the  province  of  Kwei-chou,  but  in  the  absence  of  specimens  it  is  quite  im- 
possible to  identify  them.  Several  of  the  descriptions  might  apply  to  Clethra 
Fargesii  Franchet  and  to  forms  of  that  species.  Clethra  Bodinieri  Leveille  would 
appear  to  have  some  relation  to  our  new  species,  but  is  described  as  having  leaves 
2  cm.  broad,  petioles  1  cm.  long,  a  glabrous  style  and  an  entire  stigma. 

Clethra  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  369  (1895).  —  Diels 
in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  507  (1900). 

Clethra  canescens  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  33  (pro  parte,  non 
Reinwardt)  (1889). 

Western  Hupeh :  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
2300  m.,  July  and  August  1907  (No.  2222,  in  part;  bush  2-3  m.  tall, 
flowers  pure  white);  Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
July  1907  (No.  2222,  in  part;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2500  m.,  August  (No.  2222,  in  part;  bush  2-3  m., 
flowers  white);  without  precise  locality,  July  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  1326);  without  locahty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5818,  6407,  7270,  2838). 

This  beautiful  shrub  is  very  common  in  open  woodlands  and  thickets.  It  is  a 
more  ornamental  plant  than  Clethra  barbinervis  Siebold  &  Zuccarini,  from  which 
the  lanceolate  or  lanceolate-eUiptic  leaves  and  ovate,  acute  or  shortly  acuminate, 
sepals  easily  distinguish  it. 


ERICACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson, 
RHODODENDRON   L. 

Subgen.  I.    LEPIDORHODIUM  Koehne. 

Leaves  more  or  less  lepidote,  persistent,  rarely  deciduous.  Ovary  densely 
lepidote,  5-celled;  stamens  5-10. 

Sect.  1.    PoGONANTHUM  G.  Don. 

Corolla  salver-shaped,  style  and  stamens  enclosed  in  its  tube,  densely  villose  at 
the  mouth;  flowers  terminal.  Leaves  glabrous  and  lustrous  above,  beneath 
densely  covered  with  partly  stipitate  and  overlapping  scales. 

Rhododendron  cephalanthum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXII.  9  (1885);  XXXIII.  234  (1886).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXVI.  21  (1889). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  uplands,  Ta-pao-shan, 
alt.  2600-3100  m.,  September  15,  1908  (No.  3453;  bush  30-80  cm, 
tall,  forming  thickets,  flowers  white). 

Very  rare  in  Szech'uan,  and  only  seen  on  the  high  mountains  separating  Wa- 
shan  and  Wa-wu-shan. 

Our  flowering  specimens  seem  to  differ  at  the  first  glance  from  the  tj-pe  by 
their  depauperate  inflorescence  bearing  only  2  or  3  flowers,  but  this  may  be  ac- 
counted for  by  the  fact  that  they  represent  a  second  flowering  in  Sejit ember;  the 
inflorescences  with  young  fruits  formed  the  previous  spring,  bear  many  capsules. 

Rhododendron  rufescens  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  397  (1895). — 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  480,  fig.  318  q  (1909).— 
Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  117. 

Western  Szech'uan :  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  uplands, 
alt.  4100-4300  m.,  June  24,  1908  (No.  3455;  bush  0.5-1.25  m.  tall, 
flowers  white  to  bluish) ;  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3600-4000  m., 
June  and  October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3930). 

This  is  a  rather  uncommon  alpine  species,  distinguished  by  its  shining  green 
leaves,  red-brown  below,  large  membranous,  ciliolate  calyx  and  non-lepidote 
corolla.  The  specimens  before  us  differ  from  the  original  description  in  the  leaves 
being  oval  or  elliptic-oblong,  but  apparently  they  are  not  specifically  different. 

503 


504  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rhododendron  Sargentianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  30-60  cm.  altus,  ramosiosimus  ramis  erectis  v.  adscendenti- 
bus;  ramuli  hornotini  et  aiinotini  fusco-tomentosi,  tarde  glabrescentes, 
vetustiores  cinereo-fusci,  cortice  in  lamellas  tenues  solubili  et  corticem 
interiorem  flavido-cinereum  detegente;  gemmae  parvae,  ovoideae, 
acutae,  perulis  paucis  acutis  tomentosis  ciliatis  erectis  et  per  plures 
annos  persistentibus.  Folia  coriacea,  aromatica,  ovalia,  obtusa  et 
mucronulata,  basi  late  cuneata,  8-15  mm.  longa  et  5-8  mm.  lata, 
margine  revoluta,  supra  initio  lepidota,  mox  glabra,  atroviridia,  leviter 
rugulosa,  subtus  dense  tomento  sublepidota  fusco-ferrugineo,  initio 
flavido  obtecta,  costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis 
secundariis  obsoletis;  petioli  2-4  mm.  longi,  lepidoti.  Flores  6-12,  ter- 
minales,  umbellato-racemosi ;  pedicelli  5-7  mm.  longi,  flavido-lepidoti ; 
bracteae  pedicellis  subaequilongae,  oblongae,  ciliatae,  utrinque  pubes- 
centes,  partim  persistentes,  calyx  conspicuus,  membranaceus,  viridi- 
flavus,  lobis  5  oblongo-obovatis  3-4  mm.  longis  1-1.5  cm.  latis 
rotundatis  sursum  ciliatis  extus  lepidotis  intus  puberulis;  corolla  hypo- 
crateriformis,  albida  v.  pallide  lutea,  extus  lepidota  et  sparse  pubescens, 
tubo  cylindrico  6-7  mm.  longo  intus  villoso  praesertim  faucem  versus, 
subito  in  limbum  erecto-patentem  ampliatum,  lobis  suborbicularibus 
4-6  mm.  longis  et  5-7  mm.  latis;  stamina  5,  plerumque  tubo  paullo 
breviora,  filamentis  circiter  4  mm.  longis  basi  dilatatis  glabris,  antheris 
ovoideis  ochraceis;  ovarium  subglobosum,  circiter  1  mm.  longum, 
dense  flavido-lepidotum;  stylus  staminibus  paullo  brevior,  glaber, 
sursum  incrassatus,  stigmate  capitato.  Capsula  subglobosa,  circiter 
4  mm.  longa,  lepidota,  5-valvata,  stylo  persistente,  basi  calyce  per- 
sistente  suffulta;  semina  flavido-brunnea,  nitida,  ovoidea,  1  mm. 
longa,  utrinque  acuta,  fere  exalata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  growing  on  exposed  rocks,  alt. 
3000-3600  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1208,  type,  3454); 
same  locality,  alt.  4000-4300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4237);  Wa- 
shan,  cliffs,  3300  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3933);  without 
precise  locality,  October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3931  and  seed 
No.  1888). 

This  new  species  belongs  to  a  small  group  which  includes  R.  anthopogon  D.  Don, 
R.  anthopogonoides  Maximowicz,  R.  rufescens  Franchet,  R.  cephalanthum  Fran- 
chet  and  two  or  three  other  species  from  all  of  which  it  is  readily  distinguished  by 
its  lepidote  corolla.  All  the  species  are  very  closely  allied,  having  white  or  pale 
yellow  flowers  and  are  all  strictly  alpine  plants.  In  this  new  species  the  longer 
pedicels  and  shorter  bracts  render  the  calyx  more  clearly  visible  than  it  is  in  other 
species. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  505 

Rhododendron  trichostomum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  396 
(1895).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  481  (1909). 

Rhododendron  fragrans  Franchet,  var.  parviflora  Franchet  in  Bull.  Sac.  Bot. 
France,  XXXIV.  284  (1887). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Tachien-lu,  Tongolo,  moorland 
thickets  and  heaths,  alt.  3300-4300  m.,  June  and  September  1908 
(No.  1328;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-pink);  without  precise 
locality,  alt.  3500  m.,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3929). 

The  size  of  the  calyx  varies  considerably  in  this  species  as  it  does  in  all  species 
in  which  the  bud-scales  and  bracts  subtending  the  flowers  are  persistent.  The 
small,  pale  pink  flowers  readily  distinguish  this  plant  from  its  Chinese  allies.  It 
is,  however,  very  closely  allied  to  R.  fragrans  Maximowiez  which  has  large,  more 
rugulose  leaves,  larger  flowers  and  a  different  calyx. 

Sect.  2.     Lepipherum  G.  Don  (Osmothamnus  Maxim). 

Corolla  funnelform  to  campanulate-rotate,  stamens  exceeding  its  tube;  flowers 
terminal.    Leaves  densely  lepidote  on  both  surfaces  except  in  Group  e. 

Group  a. 

Stamens  slightly  exceeding  the  tube,  style  shorter  than  the  tube  of  the  purple 
corolla,  not  villose  at  the  mouth. 

Rhododendron  intricatum  Franchet  in  Jour.  deBot.lX.  395  (1895). — 
Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLI.  262,  fig.  Ill  (1907).  —  Hems- 
ley  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXX.  t.  8163  (1907).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  II.  481,  fig.  317  d-f  (1909).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Keiv 
Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  118. 

Rhododendron  blepharocalyx  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  396   (1895).  — 

Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  481  (1909). 
Rhododendron  nigropunctatum  Hort.  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLI.   225  (non 

Franchet)  (1907).  —  Jour.  Hort.  ser.  3,  LIV.  343,  fig.  (1907). 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachicn-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  moor- 
lands, alt.  4000-5000  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3466;  bush  30  cm.-l  m. 
tall,  flowers  purple);  grass  lands  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-5000  m., 
June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3934). 

This  is  a  very  common  alpine  shrub  in  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu.  We 
find  the  characters  on  which  R.  blepharocalyx  Franchet  is  founded  arc  not  con- 
stant. On  specimens  before  us,  flowers  on  the  same  branch  have  the  calyx- 
lobes  small,  non-ciliolate,  with  marginal  scales  and  sparingly  ciliolate  lobes  with 
or  without  marginal  scales;  while  others  have  very  markedly  ciliolate  calyx-lobes. 
In  size  the  calyx  varies  considerable  even  on  the  same  shoot,  as  it  does  in  all  these 


506  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

alpine  species  with  crowded  persistent  bud-scales  and  bracts.  A  specimen  from 
Hort.  Veitch  differs  in  liaving  the  style  about  one-half  longer  than  the  ovary,  but 
shorter  than  the  stamens. 

Group  b. 

Stamens  nearly  as  long  as  the  corolla;  style  shorter  than  the  stamens;  corolla 
purple,  more  or  less  villose  at  the  mouth;  flowers  solitary.  Leaves  less  than  1 
cm.  long. 

Rhododendron  alpicola  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.30-1  m.  altus,  intricato-ramosus  ramis  brevibus  erecto- 
patentibus;  ramuli  hornotini  fusco-lepidoti;  gemmae  ovoideae  ob- 
tusae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  in  medio  dorsi  lepidotis  ciliatis. 
Folia  coriacea,  congesta,  ovata,  rarius  ovalia,  obtusa,  basi  rotundata 
V.  late  cuneata,  margine  leviter  revoluta,  5-8  mm.  longa  et  2-5  mm. 
lata,  supra  atroviridia  et  squamulis  fiavescentibus  nitidulis  dense 
obtecta,  subtus  squamulis  pallide  flavescenti-cinereis  congestis  den- 
sissime  obtectis  paucis  fuscis  intermixtis,  costa  nervisque  obscuris; 
petioli  fusco-lepidoti,  1-2  mm.  longi.  Flores  solitarii,  e  gemma  ter- 
minali  orti,  brevissime  pedicellati,  basi  bracteis  lineari-oblongis 
ciliatis  suffulti;  calyx  cupularis,  dense  lepidotus,  5-lobus  lobis  in- 
aequalibus,  1  v.  2  oblongis  circiter  2  mm.  longis  sparse  ciliolatis, 
reliquis  minutis  rotundatis;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  circiter  1.5  cm. 
diam.,  violaceo-purpurea  ("  lavender-purple "),  extus  glabra;  tubo 
4  mm.  longo  intus  ad  faucem  sparse  villoso,  lobis  patentibus  late 
ovatis  V.  obovatis,  8-10  mm.  longis;  stamina  10,  subaequalia,  corolla 
paullo  breviora,  filamentis  gracilibus  complanatis  7-9  mm.  longis 
in  trienti  inf eriore  ima  basi  excepta  villosis,  antheris  f ulvis ;  ovarium 
conicum,  circiter  2  mm.  longum,  dense  squamulis  virescenti-flavidis 
obtectum;  stylus  purpureus,  rectus,  staminibus  brevior,  4  mm.  longus, 
infra  medium  pilosus,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo.  Capsula 
ovoidea,  circiter  4  mm.  longa,  dense  lepidota,  5-valvata,  ad  basin 
dehiscens. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  moor- 
lands, 4000-5000  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3465)- 

This  species  is  perhaps  most  closely  related  to  R.  ramosissimum  Franchet, 
which  is  distinguished  by  the  rufous-brown  color  of  the  lower  surface  of  the  leaves, 
and  by  the  different  calyx  and  glabrous  style.  Rhododendron  thymifolmm  Maximo- 
wicz  differs  in  the  oblong  or  obovate  leaves,  uniformly  pale  gray  below,  in  its  colored 
calyx  deciduous  from  the  fruit  and  apparently  glabrous  style. 

Rhododendron  alpicola,  var.  striatum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
A  typo  differt  habitu  fastigato,  floribus  interdum  2  v.  3,  bracteis 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  507 

deciduis,  calyce  plerumque  lobis  omnibus  ovatis  subaequalibus  1.5 
mm.  longis,  stylo  glabro  pallide  purpureo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  moor- 
lands, 4300  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3467'') • 

Distinguished  from  the  type  chiefly  by  the  more  fastigiate  habit,  the  nearly 
equal  calyx-lobes  and  the  glabrous  style. 

Rhododendron  ramosissimum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XII.  264 
(1898). 

Western  Szech'uan  :  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt.  3600- 
4600  m.,  June,  July  and  October  1908  (Nos.  3468,  3469;  bush  0.3-1  m., 
tall,  flowers  dark  purple). 

Our  specimens  differ  from  Franchet's  description  in  the  slightly  pubescent 
mouth  of  the  corolla-tube.  In  No.  3468  the  leaves  are  often  oblong-lanceolate; 
and  the  flowers  are  either  solitary  or  in  pairs.  Franchet  compares  this  species 
with  his  R.  intricatum;  to  us  it  would  appear  more  closely  allied  to  R.  polycladum 
Franchet. 

Group  c. 

Stamens  nearly  as  long  as  the  corolla;  style  longer  than  the  stamens;  corolla 
pink  or  purple,  more  or  less  villose  at  the  mouth;  flowers  solitary  or  few.  Leaves 
obtuse  or  obtusish,  generally  about  1  cm.  long.^ 

Rhododendron  verruculosum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  60-90  cm.altus,ramosissimus  ramis  erectisv.  adscendentibus; 
ramuli  hornotini  breviter  pilosi  et  lepidoti  squamulis  fuscis  partim 
breviter  stipitatis,  vetustiores  decorticantes;  gemmae  ovoidcae, 
perulis  paucis  rotundatis  extus  in  medio  dorsi  lepidotis  ceterum 
minutissime  puberuhs  albo-cihatis.  Folia  coriacea,  ovalia  v.  elliptico- 
ovata,  apice  rotundata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotundata,  margine 
revoluta,  7-15  mm.  longa  et  5-8  mm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia,  squamulis 
flavidis  lucidis    conspersa,   subtus    squamulis    non    contiguis    fuscis 

*  In  this  group  also  belongs  the  following  species : 

Rhododendron  fastigiatum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII.  234 
(1886).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  23  (1889).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson 
in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  117. 

Rhododendron  capitatum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXII.  9  (non 
Ma.ximowicz)  (1885). 
Western  Szech'uan:  moorlands  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  1004 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3936).     Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  alt.  3100  m.,  July  1910,  W. 
Purdom  (No.  440). 

In  No.  3930  the  corolla  is  sparingly  lepidote  without.  In  both  specimens  some 
flowers  have  the  style  hairy  near  the  base,  in  others  it  is  glabrous. 


508  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

conspersa  plerumque  flavidis  nitidis  paucis  intermixtis,  costa  media 
supra  leviter  impressa  subtus  leviter  elevata,  nervis  secundariis 
obscuris;  petioli  lepidoti,  1-2  mm.  longi.  Flores  solitarii  e  gemma 
terminali  orti;  pedicelli  dense  lepidoti,  1-1.5  mm.  longi;  calyx 
cupularis,  membranaceus,  saepe  coloratus,  profunde  5-lobus,  lobis 
subaequalibus  ovatis  v.  rotundatis,  1-2  mm.  longis  extus  lepidotis 
sat  dense  villoso-ciliatis;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  purpurea  v. 
atropurpurea,  2-2.5  cm.  diam.,  5-loba,  tubo  4  mm.  longa,  intus  ad 
faucem  villoso,  lobis  elliptico-ovalibus  rotundatis  8-10  mm.  longis 
et  circiter  5  mm.  latis  extus  lepidotis;  stamina  7  v.  8,  corolla  paullo 
breviora,  filamentis  purpureis,  7-8  mm.  longis  in  triente  inferiore 
ima  basi  excepta  villosis,  antheris  ochraceis;  ovarium  conicum, 
circiter  1.5  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum;  stylus  purpureus,  glaber, 
1-1.5  cm.  longus,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo.  Capsula  matura 
desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Niu-tou-shan,  sunny 
places  among  rocks,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  3464). 

The  pilose  and  stipitate-lepidote  branchlets  and  the  lepidote  corolla-lobes  dis- 
tinguish this  new  species  from  all  other  members  of  its  group.  It  is,  perhaps,  most 
closely  related  to  R.  polycladum  Franchet;  this  has  narrower  acutish  leaves,  a 
different  calyx  and  a  glabrous  like  the  branchlets  only  lepidote  corolla. 

Rhododendron  Edgarianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp.^ 
Frutex  0.30  1  m.  altus,  intricato-ramosus  ramis  brevibus  divaricatis; 
ramuli  hornotini  dense  rufo-lepidoti,  vetustiores  cinerei;  gemmae 
subglobosae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  extus  sparse  lepidotis  ciliatis. 
Folia  coriacea,  aromatica,  congesta,  late  ovata  v.  late  ovalia,  utrinque 
rotundata,  margine  revoluta,  4-8  mm.  longa  et  3-5  mm.  lata,  supra 
dense  squamulis  flavidis  nitidulis  contiguis  obtecta,  subtus  squamulis 
intense  rufis  contiguis  et  partim  invicem  sese  tegentibus  obtecta,  costa 
et  nervis  secundariis  obscuris;  petioli  dense  lepidoti,  1-2  mm.  longi. 
Flores  solitarii  e  gemma  terminali  orti,  subsessiles,  perulis  sub  anthesi 
deciduis;  calyx  membranaceus,  plerumque  purpurasceus,  rarius  flavo- 
viridis,  profunde  5-lobus,  lobis  inaequalibus  ovali-oblongis  obtusis 
rarius  acutiusculis  2-2.5  mm.  longis  et  1-1.5  mm.  latis  ciliatis 
infra  medium  plerumque  lepidotis;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  roseo- 
purpurea  v.  purpurea,  tubo  circiter  5  mm.  longo  intus  ad   faucem 

'  This  species  is  named  for  the  Rev.  J.  Hutson  Edgar  of  the  China  Inland  Mis- 
sion (Thibetan  branch)  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  much  valued  information  and 
pleasant  companionship  in  rambles  round  Tachien-lu.  —  E.  H.  W. 


ERICACEAE,  —  RHODODENDRON  509 

villoso,  lobis  patentibus  late  ovatis  v.  obovatis  6-10  mm.  longis; 
stamina  8,  subaequalia,  corolla  paullo  breviora,  filamcntis  8-10  mm. 
longis  in  triente  inferiore  ima  basi  dilatata  excepta  villosis,  antheris 
ochraceis;  ovarium  conicum,  fere  2  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum; 
stylus  filiformis  rectus,  purpureus,  14-15  mm.  longus,  stamina  su- 
perans,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo.  Capsula  ovoidea,  5  mm. 
longa,  lepidota,  5-valvata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  form- 
ing heaths,  alt.  4000-5000  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3467,  type);  vicinity 
of  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt.  3600-4600  m.,  June  and  October  1908 
(Nos.  3459,  13 19,  in  part). 

This  species  is  most  closely  allied  to  R.  polycladum  Franchet,  which  has  nar- 
rower acute  leaves,  attenuate  at  the  base  and  less  densely  scaly  below,  and  a  smaller 
cal>-x  with  two  rotundate  and  three  triangular  lobes.  Rhododendron  ramosissimum 
Franchet,  to  which  this  new  species  is  also  closely  related,  differs  in  its  foliage  and 
short  style.  All  the  members  of  this  group  are  very  similar  in  general  appearance 
and  difficult  to  distinguish.  The  color,  however,  of  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves, 
due  to  the  presence  of  lepidote  glands,  apparently  affords  a  useful  character  for 
separating  the  species.  The  roundish  leaves,  rufous-brown  below,  and  the  mem- 
branous calyx  distinguish  this  new  species  from  its  allies. 

Rhododendron  nitidulum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.60-1.30  m.  altus,  ramosissimus  ramis  gracilibus  erectis 
V.  adscendentibus ;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  fusco-lepidoti;  gemmae 
ovoideae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  in  medio  dorsi  lepidotis  ceterum 
minutissime  puberulis  ciliolatis.  Folia  coriacea,  ovalia  v.  ovata,  rarius 
elliptico-ovata,  obtusa  et  mucronulata  v.  interdum  acutiuscula,  basi 
rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  7-12  mm.  longa  et  5-7  mm.  lata,  supra 
atroviridia  squamuhs  fere  contiguis  flavidis  nitidulis  obtecta,  subtus 
pallide  cinereo-fulva  dense  squamulis  pallide  fulvis  fere  contiguis 
nitidulis  obtecta,  costa  media  utrinque  fere  obsoleta,  nervis  secun- 
dariis  obscuris.  Flores  solitarii  v.  rarius  bini  e  gemma  terminali  orti, 
subsessiles,  perulis  persistentibus  suffulti;  calyx  membranaceus,  lepi- 
dotus,  profunde  5-lobus,  lobis  plerumque  subaequalibus,  ovatis  v. 
oblongo-ovatis,  circiter  2  mm.  longis,  plerumque  acutiusculis,  apice 
sparse  cihati,  extus  lepidoti;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  violaceo- 
purpurea,  2.5  cm.  diam.,  tubo  circiter  5  mm.  longo  intus  ad  faucem 
villoso,  lobis  patentibus  ovalibus  obovatis  rotundatis  circiter  1  cm. 
longis  et  5-7  mm.  latis;  stamina  8-10,  corollam  fere  aequantia,  fila- 
mcntis gracilibus  8-10  mm.  longis  in  triente  inferiore  basi  dilatata 


510  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

excepta  villosis,  antheris  ochraceis;  ovarium  conicum,  circiter  2  mm. 
longum,  dense  lepidotum;  stylus  purpurascens,  stamina  superans, 
glaber,  1.5  cm.  longus,  stigmate  capitato  saepe  lobato.  Capsula 
matura  desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  uplands,  alt.  3300-4000  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  3458). 

Very  closely  allied  to  Rhododendron  polycladum  Franchet,  which  differs  chiefly 
in  its  narrower  elliptic-oblong  leaves  narrowed  at  both  ends  and  in  the  darker 
brown  scales  on  their  under  side.  The  specific  name  refers  to  the  conspicuous 
glistening  gland-like  center  of  the  scales  on  both  sides  of  the  leaves. 

Rhododendron  nitidulum,  var.  nubigenum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n. 
var. 

Frutex  10-35  cm.  altus,  ramosissimus  ramis  erectis  v.  adscenden- 
tibus  brevibus;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  f usco-lepidoti ;  gemmae  ovoideae, 
obtusae,  perulis  paucis,  inferioribus  mucronatis,  in  medio  dorsi  dense 
lepidotis  ceterum  minutissime  puberulis  purpurascentibus  margine 
albo-ciliolatis.  Folia  coriacea,  in  apice  ramulorum  congesta,  aro- 
matica,  ovalia,  obtusa  v.  acutiuscula,  basi  late  cuneata,  4-8  mm.  longa 
et  3-5  mm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia,  dense  glandulis  flavidis  nitidulis 
conspersa,  subtus  densissime  lepidota  squamulis  flavido-fuscis,  costa 
supra  leviter  impressa  subtus  obsoleta,  nervis  secundariis  evanidis; 
petioli  dense  fusco-lepidoti,  1-2  mm.  longi.  Flores  solitarii  v.  bini 
e  gemma  terminal!  orti,  subsessiles;  calyx  variabilis,  plerumque 
coloratus,  membranaceus,  profunde  5-lobus,  lobis  ovatis  2-4  mm. 
longis  saepe  inaequalibus  dorso  sparse  lepidotis  margine  ciliatis; 
corolla  infundibuliformis,  roseo-lilacina,  extus  glabra,  circiter  2  cm. 
diam.,  tubo  4-5  mm.  longo  intus  ad  faucem  dense  villoso,  lobis  ovatis 
v.  obovatis  rotundatis  8-10  mm.  longis  et  circiter  5  mm.  latis, 
stamina  10,  corollam  subaequantia,  filamentis  10-12  mm.  longis 
infra  medium  villosis  basi  complanatis  et  glabris,  antheris  ochraceis; 
ovarium  conicum  2  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum;  stylus  circiter 
12  mm.  longus,  stamina  superans,  purpureus,  glaber,  stigmate  capi- 
tato atropurpureo.  Capsula  ovoidea,  5  mm.  longa,  obtusa,  lepidota, 
5-valvata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt. 
4300-5000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3461,  type);  same  locality,  1903  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3935). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its  lower  habit,  smaller  leaves, 
darker  brown  beneath  and  larger,  usually  colored,  calyx.  It  is  the  most  alpine  of 
all  the  Rhododendrons  known  from  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  511 

Rhododendron  violaceum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.3-1.3  m.  altus,  ramosissimus,  saepe  fastigatus  ramis 
erectis;  ramuli  annotini  dense  f usco-lepidoti ;  gemmae  ovoideae,  ob- 
tusae,  pallide  brunneae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  mucronulatis  in 
medio  dorsi  lepidotis  ceterum  minutissime  puberulis  ciliolatis.  Folia 
coriacea,  ovalia  v.  oblonga,  obtusa,  rarius  acutiuscula,  basi  late 
cuneata,  margine  leviter  revoluta,  5-12  mm.  longa  et  3-5  mm.  lata, 
supra  atroviridia,  dense  lepidota,  subtus  dense  lepidota  squamulis 
flavescentibus  v.  pallide  fuscis  contiguis  fuscis  v.  atrofuscis  inter- 
mixtis,  costa  media  supra  leviter  impressa  subtus  leviter  elevata, 
nervis  secundariis  evanidis;  petioli  dense  lepidoti,  2-3  mm.  longi. 
Flores  1-3,  e  gemma  terminali  orti,  subsessiles;  perulae  plerumque 
deciduae;  calyx  cupularis,  5-partitus,  lobis  inaequalibus  ovatis  v. 
rotundatis  0.5-2  mm.  longis  extus  lepidotis  apice  ciliatis  in  margine 
laterali  lepidotis  saepe  scariosis;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  violaceo- 
purpurea,  circiter  2  cm.  diam.,  extus  glabra,  5-loba,  tubo  4-5  mm. 
longo,  intus  ad  faucem  villoso,  lobis  patentibus  ovalibus  v.  obovatis 
rotundatis  7-9  mm.  longis;  stamina  10,  corollam  subaequantia, 
filamentis  9-12  mm.  longis,  in  triente  inferiore  ima  basi  dilatata  ex- 
cepta  villosis,  antheris  pallida  fuscis;  ovarium  conicum,  1.5-2  mm. 
longum,  dense  lepidotum;  stylus  stamina  superans,  10-12  mm.  longus, 
glaber,  purpureus,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo.  Capsula  ovoidea, 
circiter  5  mm.  longa,  lepidota,  usque  ad  basin  in  5  valvas  fissa. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  moor- 
lands, alt.  4100-4500  m.,  June  24,  1908  (Nos.  3463,  type,  3460) ;  same 
locality,  October  1910  (No.  4269). 

This  species  is  related  to  R.  polycladum  Franchet,  which  is  readily  distinf!;uished 
by  its  thinner  leaves  tapering  to  the  ends  and  uniformly  colored  with  rufous-brown, 
lepidote  not  contiguous  scales  on  the  under  surface,  more  numerous  flowers  (3-5) 
and  different  calyx. 

In  the  type  specimens  the  flowers  are  all  solitary  and  the  bud-scales  early  de- 
ciduous; in  No.  3460  the  flowers  are  frequently  in  clusters  of  twos  and  threes  with 
persistent  bud-scales. 

Rhododendron  Websterianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.30-1  m.  altus,  ramosissimus,  fastigatus,  ramis  erectis  v. 
suberectis;  ramuli  hornotini,  cinereo-  v.  rufescenti-lepidoti,  vetus- 
tiores  sordide  cinerei;  gemmae  ovoideae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis 
in  medio  dorsi  lepidotis  sparse  ciliatis.  Folia  coriacea,  congesta, 
ovata  V.  elliptica,  rarius  elliptico-oblonga,  obtusa,  basi  plerumque 
late  cuneata,  margine  leviter  revoluta,  6-15  mm.  longa  et  3-9  mm. 


512  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

lata,  supra  atroviridia  squamulis  albidis  dense  obtecta,  subtus  albido- 
cinerea,  squamulis  pallidis  congestis  obtecta,  costa  media  supra 
leviter  impressa  subtus  leviter  elevata,  nervis  secundariis  obscuris; 
petioli  dense  fusceseenti-lepidoti,  2-3  mm.  longi.  Flores  plerumque 
solitarii,  rarius  2  v.  3  e  gemme  terminali  orti;  pedicelli  circiter  2  mm. 
longi,  lepidoti,  perulis  occultati;  calyx  magnitudini  variabili,  mem- 
branaceus,  plerumque  purpurascens,  interdum  flavo-virens,  pro- 
funde  5-lobus,  lobis  plerumque  subaequalibus  ovatis  v.  rotundatis 
2-5  mm.  longis  et  1.5-3  mm.  latis  apice  rotundatis  plerumque  sparse 
ciliatis  in  media  dorsi  lepidotis;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  roseo- 
purpurea,  2.5-3  cm.  diam.,  tubo  6-7  nrni.  longo  intus  ad  faucem 
villoso,  lobis  late  ovatis  v.  suborbicularibus  10-12  mm.  longis  et 
circiter  10  mm.  latis;  stamina  10,  subaequalia,  corolla  pauUo  breviora, 
filamentis  12.15  mm.  longis  complanatis  in  triente  inferiore  ima  basi 
excepta  villosis,  antheris  fulvis;  ovarium  conicum,  2  mm.  longum, 
dense  lepidotum  squamulis  viridi-cinereis;  stylus  stamina  superans, 
1.3-1.5  cm.  longus,  rubescens,  glaber  v.  sparse  lepidotus,  interdum 
infra  medium  sparse  pilosus,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo.  Cap- 
sula  ovoidea,  4-5  mm.  longa,  calyce  persistente  circumdata,  dense 
lepidota,  5-valvata;  semina  ovalia,  circiter  1  mm.  longa,  fere  exalata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt.  3300-4300  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  1225,  type);  north  of  Tachien-lu,  Ta- 
p'ao-shan,  alt.  4100-4900  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3462). 

Closely  related  to  Rhododendron  polifolium  Franchet,  which  differs  chiefly  in 
its  narrower,  generally  oblong  leaves  and  smaller  calyx,  which  does  not  exceed 
2  mm.  in  length.  From  the  preceding  species  of  this  group  it  is  easily  distin- 
guished by  the  uniformly  grayish  white  color  of  the  densely  lepidote  under  side 
of  the  leaves. 

We  take  much  pleasure  in  naming  this  species  for  Mr.  Frank  G.  Webster  of 
Boston,  as  a  slight  mark  of  appreciation  of  his  constant  generosity  to  the  Arnold 
Arboretum  and  of  his  invaluable  help  in  the  arrangement  of  its  Chinese  expeditions. 

Group  d. 

Flowers  like  those  of  the  preceding  group,  but  yellow.  Leaves  somewhat  larger 
with  scattered  scales  beneath,  more  densely  lepidote  above. 

Rhododendron  flavidum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  395  (1895). — 
Hemsley  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8326  (1910).  —  Hemsley  & 
Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  117.  —  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  1045,  fig.  614  c-d  (1912). 

Rhododendron  primulinum  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLVII.  4,  229, 
fig.  101  (1910). 


EKICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  513 

Western  Szech'uan:  north  of  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt.  3600- 
4000  m.,  July  7,  1908  and  September  1908  (No.  1202;  bush  1-2  m. 
tall,  flowers  pale  yellow);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3G00-4300  m., 
June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3932  and  seed  No.  1773). 

Common  in  alpine  regions  around  Tachien-lu.  The  flowers  vary  from  pale 
primrose-yellow  to  clear  yellow ;  the  calyx  varies  in  size,  and  the  degree  of  pubes- 
cence on  the  style  and  stamens  is  also  variable. 

Rhododendron  flavidum,  var.  psilostylum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  latioribus  obscure  viridibus  saepius  ovalibus, 
calyce  minore,  corolla  extus  sparsissime  lepidota,  stylo  glabro,  cap- 
sula  minore,  5-6  mm.  longo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  summit  of  Niu-tou- 
shan,  on  rocks  exposed  to  sun,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  20,  1908  (No.  3452). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  in  its  duller  green  leaves,  lepidote  flowers 
smaller  calyx,  glabrous  style,  smaller  and  more  globose  fruit.  Notwithstanding 
these  marked  differences  we  cannot  consider  it  other  than  as  a  variety  of  R.  flavi- 
dum Franchet. 

Group  e. 

Stamens  exceeding  the  corolla;  flowers  small,  white,  on  slender  pedicels  in  many- 
flowered,  dense  racemes.  Leaves  acute,  2-3  cm.  long,  glabrous  or  nearly  so  above, 
sparingly  lepidote  beneath. 

Rhododendron  micranthum  Turczaninow  in  Bull.  Soc.  Nat.  Mosc. 
1837,  No.  VII.  155.  —  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VII.  727  (1838).  —  Turc- 
zaninow, Fl.  Baical.  Dahur.  II.  Pt.  2,  208  (1856).  —  Maximowicz 
in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  ser.  7,  XVI.  No.  IX.  18,  t.  4,  fig.  1- 
10  (1870).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VI.  77  {PI. 
David.  I.  197)  (1883).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  27 
(1889).  — Chipp  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXIV.  t.  8198  (1908).  —  Schneider, 
III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  475,  fig.  316  g.  (1909).  —  Hemsley  & 
Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  117.  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov. 
Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  683  (1910). 

Rhododendron  Rosthornii  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  509  (1900). 
Rhododendron  Pritzelianum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  510  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
June  and  November  1907  (No.  660;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white) ; 
without  locality.  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1526);  Mt.  Triora, 
September  1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  1703).  Western  Szech'uan :  west 
and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  July  and 
October  1908  (No.  1200;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  same  locality, 


514  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

cliffs,  alt.  3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4262;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall);  Lifan 
Ting,  thickets,  alt.  2500  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1320;  bush  2.5  m. 
tall);  Tsaku-lao-ch'u-shin-kou,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2556);  without 
precise  locality,  A .  von  Rosthorn  (Nos.  2 147, 2 146, 2545, 2 162) .  S  h  e  11  s  i : 
Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  2);  Thui-kio-san,  October  1897 
and  Si-ku-tzui-stan,  1895,  G.  Giraldi;  various  localities,  Hugh  Scallan. 
Chili:  Weichang,  1909,  W.  Purdom  (Nos.  50,  55). 

This  pretty  and  well-marked  species  although  it  has  a  remarkably  wide  dis- 
tribution exhibits  very  little  variation.  With  the  number  of  specimens  before 
us  we  cannot  separate  R.  Rosthornii  Diels  and  R.  Pritzelianum  Diels  as  distinct 
species  or  even  as  varieties.  The  slight  differences  in  size  of  calyx-teeth  and  in 
color  of  anthers  are  of  no  value.  Specimens  from  northern  Chili  show  these  same 
slight  variations. 

Rhododendron  longistylum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  0.5-2  m.  altus  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  sparsissime 
lepidoti,  apicem  versus  puberuli,  annotini  flavido-fusci  v.  pallide  pur- 
pureo-fusci,  vetustiores  cinerascentes;  gemmae  ovoideae,  perulis 
apice  obtusiusculis  v.  rotundatis  mucronatis  extus  minute  puberulis 
sparse  lepidotis  ciliolatis.  Folia  coriacea,  oblanceolata  v.  oblongo- 
lanceolata,  rarius  elliptico-oblongis,  acuta  v.  brevissime  acuminata, 
basi  cuneata,  2.5-6  cm.  longa  et  1-2  cm.  lata,  supra  luteo-viridia, 
nitidula,  leviter  rugulosa,  sparsissime  lepidota  v.  glabra,  subtus  palli- 
diora,  sparse  lepidota,  costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata, 
nervis  utrinsecus  6-10  supra  leviter  impressis  indistinctis  subtus  obso- 
letis;  petioh  2-4  mm.  longi,  puberuli,  interdum  fere  glabri,  sparsissime 
lepidoti.  Flores  10-20  v.  plures,  umbellato-racemosi,  rhachi  circiter 
1  cm.  longa;  pediceUi  8-15  mm.  longi,  sparse  glanduloso-lepidoti; 
calyx  membranaceus,  sparsissime  lepidotus,  lobis  5  interdum  spar- 
sissime longe  ciliatis  ovalibus  circiter  2  mm.  longis  (in  specimine 
fructifero  ad  5  mm.  longis  et  oblongis);  corolla  (paucae  defloratae 
tantum  visae)  infundibuliformis,  1.3-1.5  longa  ac  lata,  glabra,  lobis 
5  ovalibus  6-8  mm.  longis  obtusis;  stamina  6-10,  exserta,  filamentis 
1.5-2  cm.  longis  infra  medium  villosis,  antheris  ovoideis  ochraceis; 
ovarium  ovoideum,  lepidotum;  stylus  valde  exsertus,  2.5-3  cm. 
longus,  graciUs,  glaber,  stigmate  discoideo  lobato.  Capsula  conica, 
8-9  mm.  longa  et  5  mm.  diam.,  apice  truncata,  lepidota,  calyce  per- 
sistente  suffulta;  semina  flavida,  oblonga,  1-1.5  mm.  longa,  utrinque 
breviter  alata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2300  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1204,  type) ;  same  locahty, 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  515 

November  1908  (No.  1329);  Shih-ch'uan  Hsien,  on  cliffs  in  full  sun, 
alt.  1000-1300  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4726). 

A  pretty  species  allied  to  R.  micranthum  Turczaninow,  which  has  rather  diflerent, 
much  more  lepidote  foliage,  smaller,  differently  shaped  flowers,  a  very  small  calyx, 
a  pistil  not  exceeding  the  stamens  in  length  and  slender,  elongate  capsules. 
Our  material  is  in  ripe  fruit  with  a  few  old  flowers.  The  great  length  of  the  pistil 
is  most  remarkable.  This  new  species  occurs  on  scrub-clad  rocky  slopes  where  it 
is  fully  exposed  to  the  sun. 

Sect.  3.     Rhodorastrum  Maxim. 

Flowers  from  terminal  and  axillary  buds  usually  crowded  at  the  end  of  the 
branches;  corolla  mostly  funnelform,  pink  or  yellow;  style  and  stamens  exserted. 
Leaves  sparingly  lepidote,  or  glabrous  above,  2-8  cm.  long. 

Rhododendron  Davidsonianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp.^ 
Frutex  1-3-metralis;  ramuli  sparse  lepidoti,  saepe  initio  glauces- 
centes;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acutiusculae,  perulis  ovatis  obtusis  v. 
apiculatis  ciliatis  dorso  lepidotis.  Folia  chartacea  v.  tenuiter  coriacea, 
elliptica  v.  oblonga,  rarius  lanceolata,  acuta,  rarius  breviter  acumi- 
nata, apiculata,  basi  cuneata,  2.5-6  cm.  longa  et  1-2  cm.  lata,  margine 
leviter  recurvata,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitentia,  sparsissime  lepidota, 
subtus  glaucescentia  squamulis  fulvescentibus  nitidulis  non  contiguis 
dense  conspersa,  nervis  indistinctis,  costa  media  supra  leviter  im- 
pressa  interdum  puberula  subtus  elevata;  petioli  glabri,  circiter 
5  mm.  longi.  Flores  in  umbellis  1-3  terminalibus  et  axillaribus  in 
apice  ramulorura  congestis  plurifloris,  bracteis  caducis;  pedicelli 
sparse  v.  sparsissime  lepidoti,  1-1.5  cm.  longi;  calyx  minutus,  lobis 
rotundatis  lepidotis  saepe  sparse  ciliatis;  corolla  campanulato-in- 
fundibuliformis,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  ac  lata,  rosea,  glabra,  ad  medium 
5-loba,  tubo  circiter  1.5  longo  e  basi  sensim  ampliato  intus  glabro, 
lobis  ovato-ellipticis  circiter  1.5  longis  et  8-10  mm.  latis  rotundatis; 
stamina  paullo  exserta,  filamentis  filiformibus  ad  basim  villosis  et 
complanatis,  antheris  oblongis  circiter  2.5  mm.  longis  ochraceis;  stylus 
stamina  superans,  2.8-3.5  cm.  longus,  glabcr,  stigmate  applanato 
purpureo;  ovarium  4-5  mm.  longum,  dense  Icpidotum,  basi  et  apice 
pilosum.  Capsula  cylindrica,  10-12  mm.  longa,  3-4  mm.  lata,  sul- 
cata, sparse  lepidota;  semina  flavo-brunnea,  ovoidea,  acuta,  circiter 
1  cm.  longa. 

^  Named  for  Dr.  W.  Henry  Davidson,  of  the  Friends  Foreign  Mission,  at 
Chengtu  Fu,  western  Szech'uan,  in  grateful  recognition  of  the  important  services 
which  he  rendered  to  me  after  my  serious  accident  in  the  early  autumn  of  1910. 

E.  H.W. 


516  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Taehien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
2000-2500  m.,  May  and  October  1908  (No.  1275,  type);  same  locality, 
margins  of  woods,  alt.  2300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1274); 
same  locality,  thickets  and  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October 
1910  (Nos.  4280,  4239);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  on  cliffs,  alt.  2300- 
3000  m.,  September  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1223, 1276) ;  same  locahty, 
alt.  2100-3300  m.,  July  1903  and  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3947, 
3950  and  seed  No.  1535);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2500  m..  May  and  October  1908  (No.  1352);  Ching-chi 
Hsien,  Fei-yueh-ling,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  May  25,  1908  (No. 
3426). 

This  species  is  closely  allied  to  R.  chartophyllum  Franchet,  which  differs  chiefly 
in  its  oblong  or  narrowly  lanceolate  leaves,  very  sparsely  lepidote  below,  longer 
pedicels  and  larger  flowers.  We  hesitated  in  making  this  a  distinct  species  until, 
through  the  courtesy  of  the  Director  of  the  Royal  Gardens  at  Kew,  we  received 
a  specimen  of  Franchet's  species  from  a  cultivated  plant.  Our  new  species  is  also 
growing  at  Kew,  where  the  two  plants  look  decidedly  different.  Hemsley  &  Wilson 
(in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  115)  refer  Nos.  3947  and  3950  to  R.  rigidum 
Franchet  and  R.  siderophyllum  Franchet,  respectively.  The  specimens  in  this 
herbarium  under  those  numbers  have  certainly  nothing  to  do  with  these  species. 

Rhododendron  Davidsonianum  is  a  very  common  plant  in  exposed  sunny  situa- 
tions in  the  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu  and  we  suspect  the  specimens  collected  in 
that  neighborhood  by  SouHe  and  referred  by  Franchet  (Jour,  de  Bot.  1895,  398) 
to  R.  chartophyllum  Franchet  belong  here.  The  species  ia  very  floriferous,  the  mass 
of  flowers  almost  hiding  the  small,  neat  foliage.  No.  3426  has  leaves  up  to  8  cm. 
long  and  the  shoots  appear  very  vigorous. 

Rhododendron  racemosum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France 
XXXIII.  235  (1886).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  28 
(1889).  — Watson  in  Garden,  XLII.  320,  t.  (1892).  —  Hooker  f.  in 
Bot.  Mag.  CXIX.  t.  7301  (1893).  —  Bean  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  165 
(1905).  — Rehnelt  in  Gartenfl.  LVII.  561,  fig.  67,  t.  1577,  fig.  1 
(1908).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 120.— 
Forest  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XL VII.  343,  fig.  147  (1910). 

Rhododendron  racemosum,  var.  rigidum  Rehnelt  in  Gartenfl.  LVII.  561,  fig.  68, 
t.  1577,  fig.  3-4  (1908). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2600  m..  May  16,  1908  (No.  3428;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers 
pale  rosy-pink). 

This  plant  is  very  rare  in  Szech'uan,  but  is  abundant  in  north-western  Yunnan. 

Rhododendron  lutescens  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  235  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  X.  52  {PL 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  517 

David.  II.  90)   (1888).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in    Kew  Bull  Misc. 
Inform.  (1910)  114. 

Rhododendron  costulatum  Franchct  in  Jour,  de  Bat.  IX.  309  (1895). 

Western  Szech'uan :  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1 195,  in  part;  bush  2  m.  tall);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang- 
ling,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1195,  in  part; 
bush  1.5  m.  tall);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
May  and  November  1908  (No.  1197";  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow); 
west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m,,  July 
and  September  1908  (No.  1199;  bush  1-2  m.  tall);  Wa-shan,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2000  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1345;  bush  2.5-3  m. 
tall,  flowers  yellow);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2000- 
2600  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4277;  bush  2.5-4  m.  tall);  without  pre- 
cise locality,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  3939); 
without  locality,  A.   Henry  (No.  8862). 

This  species  is  very  common  in  thickets  and  margins  of  woods  fully  exposed  to 
the  sun,  and  is  one  of  the  earhest  of  all  the  Rhododendrons  to  open  its  flowers. 
It  varies  considerably  in  the  size  and  texture  of  the  leaves,  and  in  the  number  of 
the  flowers  and  stamens.  With  the  material  before  us  we  cannot  maintain  Franchet's 
R.  costulatum  as  a  distinct  species  or  even  as  a  variety.  The  leaves  are  always 
long-acuminate;  the  inflorescence  is  normally  lateral  and  one-flowered,  but  occa- 
sionally two  or  more  flowers  develop  in  each  fascicle. 

Sect.  4.    Lepidota  Maxim. 

Flowers  from  terminal  buds;  corolla  campanulate  or  funnelform,  rather  large, 
3-4  cm.  diam.;  smaller  in  R.  Hanceanum.  Leaves  sparingly  lepidote,  sometimes 
hairy,  2-7  cm.  long,  rarely  only  1  cm.  long. 

Group  a. 
Leaves  only  lepidote.     Flowers  yellow. 

Rhododendron  Hanceanum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI. 
24  (1889).  — Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 
115. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  cliffs  and  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000 
m.,  June  and  September  1908  (Nos.  3413,  882;  bush  1  m.  tall,  flowers 
clear  yellow);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  2800-3000  m., 
September  15,  1908  (No.  882'*;  bush  1  m.  tall,  forming  thickets); 
Mupin,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4255;  bush  30-90  cm. 
tall). 


518  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

This  species  is  locally  very  common,  forming  dense  dwarf  thickets.  The  leaves 
vary  from  obovate  to  lanceolate  or  lanceolate-ovate,  from  shining  to  dull  green 
above,  and  are  densely  or  sparsely  lepidote. 

Rhododendron  ambiguum  Hemsley  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVII.  t. 
8400  (1911).  — Schneider,  III.  Haridb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  1043,  fig.  615  a-c 
(1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  on  rocks  in  woods, 
alt.  3000-3300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (Nos.  1324,  1324%  1324''; 
bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow) ;  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000 
m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1324^=;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers 
yellow) ;  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  June  and 
October  1908  (Nos.  1330,  1330'';  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  yellow); 
Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4240; 
bush  1-3  m.  tall);  Mt.  Omei,  thickets,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4252;  bush  2.5-4  m.  tall);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4265;  bush  2-3  m.  tall);  without  precise  locahty, 
alt.  2600-3300  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3943);  Mt.  Omei, 
June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  5144) ;  near  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-4500 
m.,  A.  S.  Pratt  (No.  848). 

The  undescribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  cylindrical,  1-1.5  cm.  long,  4-5  mm.  wide, 
furrowed,  often  slightly  curved,  lepidote. 

This  yellow  flowered  species  is  very  abundant  in  thickets  and  rocky,  exposed 
places  throughout  the  regions  mentioned  above.  Apart  from  the  color  of  the  flowers 
there  is  very  little  to  distinguish  it  from  R.  yanthinum  Bureau  &  Franchet,  which 
has,  however,  leaves  usually  more  brownish  below  and  slightly  more  slender  fruits. 
Hemsley  &  Wilson  {Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  115)  refer  Pratt's  No.  848 
to  R.  concinnum  Hemsley,  but  the  flowers  are  obviously  yellow  in  color. 

Group  b. 
Leaves  only  lepidote.    Flowers  purple. 

Rhododendron  yanthinum  Bureau  &  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  V.  94 
(1891). 

Rhododendron  Benthamianum  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1907, 
319;  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLVII.  4  (1910).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew 
Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  115. 

Rhododendron  concinnum  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 
115  (non  Hemsley). 

Rhododendron  atroviride  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXIX.  484  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  alt.  2000-2300  m.,  June  and  Oc- 
tober 1908  (No.  1 196;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  same  lo- 
cality, thickets,  alt.  1600-2500  m.  (No.  3447;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  519 

purple);  north  of  Tachicn-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  alt.  2600-3600  m.,  July 
9,  1908  (No.  1196'';  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  south-east  of 
Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  September  1908  (No.  1201; 
bush  1-2  m.  tall);  near  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  341 1; 
bush  1-4  m.  tall,  flowers  dark  purple);  same  locality,  woods,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4236;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall);  without 
precise  locality,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  May  and  October  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3942  and  seed  Nos.  1766, 1879).  Western  Hupeh  :  Fang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300  m..  May  27,  1907  (No.  3456;  bush  1- 
2  m.  tall,  flowers  white  to  rosy-purple) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt. 
1600  m.,  April  1907  (No.  3456'^;  bush  2  m.  tall);  without  precise  lo- 
cality. May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1969).  Shensi :  \vithout  precise 
locality,  1910,  W.  Purclom  (No.  1). 

This  is  a  very  common  species  in  the  margins  of  woods  and  thickets  throughout 
western  Szech'uan.  It  is  comparatively  rare  in  Hupeh  where  it  shows  a  slight  vari- 
ation from  the  typical  form,  the  leaves  being  rather  thinner  and  usually  longer. 
In  No.  1196"  the  corolla  is  slightly  pubescent  on  the  outer  surface.  Ilemsley  & 
Wilson  reduced  this  species  to  R.  concinnwn  Hemsley,  which  has,  however,  a  dif- 
ferent shaped  corolla  and  usually  hairy  style. 

We  think  it  best  to  keep  the  two  as  distinct  species,  though  their  relationship  ia 
very  close.  Much  confusion  has  already  arisen  in  regard  to  this  species,  as  the 
synonyms  show.  In  the  fruiting  stage  it  is  very  difficult  to  distinguish  it  from  R. 
amhiguum  Hemsley  which  has,  however,  usually  stouter  capsules  and  leaves  more 
glaucescent  below. 

Rhododendron  yanthinum,  var.  lepidanthum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n. 
var. 

A  typo  recedit  corolla  extus  sparse  basim  versus  densius  albido- 
villosa  et  flavo-lepidota  atropurpurea,  calyce  densissime  flavo-lepidoto. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2500  m.  July  1908  (No.  3419,  type);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan- 
lan-shan,  margins  of  woods,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (Nos. 
4041,  4241,  in  part). 

This  variety  is  distinguished  from  the  type  by  the  markedly  villose  outer  surface 
of  the  corolla  and  by  the  deeper  colored,  handsomer  flowers.  We  at  first  thought 
this  a  distinct  species  until  we  found  amongst  the  typical  R.  yanthinum  Franchet  a 
Bpecimen  having  the  corolla  very  s]>arsely  pubescent  on  the  outer  surface. 

This  variety  is  local  but  fairly  common  throughout  the  regions  mentioned  above. 

Rhododendron  bracteatum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1-2-metralis;  ramuli  graciles,  hornotini  purpurei,  sparse 
lepidoti,  annotini  brunnei,  vetustiores  fusco-cinerei  v.  flavido-cinerei; 
gemmae  floriferae  globoso-ovoideae,  perulis  paucis  rotundatis  mucro- 


520  WILSON  EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

nulatis  minute  puberulis  sparse  lepidotis  ciliolatis.  Folia  tenuiter 
coriacea,  in  apice  ramulorum  congesta,  oblonga,  apice  obtusa,  mucrone 
incrassato  instructa,  basi  rotundata  v.  late  cuneata,  supra  atroviridia, 
initio  sparsissime  lepidota,  demum  glabra,  leviter  rugulosa,  subtus 
pallidiora,  lepidibus  fulvis  nitidis  conspersa  nigrescentibus  interspersa, 
costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  secundariis  obso- 
letis;  petioli  purpurascentes,  8-14  mm.  longi,  lepidoti,  in  parte  in- 
feriore  ramulorum  folia  ad  bracteas  lineares  v.  spathulato-lineares 
6-15  mm.  longas  per  plures  annos  persistentes  reducta.  Flores  3-6 
V.  plures,  subumbellati ;  pedicelli  graciles,  1.8-2.5  cm.  longi,  sparsissime 
lepidoti;  bracteae  cito  caducae;  calyx  cupularis,  parvus,  lobis  inaequa- 
libus  rotundatis  1-2  mm.  longis  margine  sparse  lepidotis;  corolla 
late  campanulata,  2-2.5  cm.  longa  et  2.5-3  cm.  lata,  alba,  rubro-macu- 
lata,  extus  sparsissime  lepidota,  tubo  intus  villoso,  lobis  ovalibus 
obtusis  1-1.2  cm.  longis;  stamina  10,  inaequalia,  longiora  corolla 
paullo  breviora,  filamentis  complanatis  infra  medium  villosis,  antheris 
ochraceis;  ovarium  cylindricum,  4  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum; 
stylus  basi  sparsissime  villosus,  1  cm.  longus,  staminibus  longioribus 
paullo  brevior,  apicem  versus  sensim  incrassatus,  stigmate  truncate 
leviter  lobato.  Capsula  cylindrica,  saepe  leviter  curvata,  1-1.5  cm. 
longa,  sulcata,  dense  lepidota,  valvis  5;  semina  luteo-brunnea,  1.5-2 
mm.  longa,  utrinque  acuta,  exalata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3421,  type);  Mupin,  cliffs,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4253). 

This  pretty  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  R.  yanthinum  Franchet, 
but  it  can  at  once  be  distinguished  from  this  and  all  allied  species  by  the  persistent 
bracts  which  take  the  place  of  leaves  on  the  lower  part  of  the  young  branches. 

Rhododendron  apiculatum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.5  m.  altus,  ramis  gracilibus,  ramulis  hornotinis  glabris. 
Folia  coriacea,  ovalia,  subito  breviter  acuminata,  basi  truncata  v. 
subcordata,  3-5  cm.  longa  et  2-3.2  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra, 
subtus  pallidiora,  brunneo-lepidota,  costa  media  supra  vix  impressa 
subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10  supra  leviter  elevatis  subtus 
obsoletis;  petioli  6-8  mm.  longi,  sparse  lepidoti.  Flores  2-3,  subumbel- 
lati; pedicelli  7-10  mm.  longi,  sparsissime  lepidota;  calyx  cupularis, 
lobis  inaequalibus  triangularibus  v.  rotundatis  vix  1  mm.  longis  lepi- 
dotis; corolla  infundibuliformi-campanulata,  atropurpurea,  3-3.5  cm. 
longa  et  3.5-3.8  cm.  diam.,  tubo  basi  fere  cylindrico  circiter  1.5  cm. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  521 

longo  subito  in  limbum  patentem  ampliato  extus  glabro  intus  sparse 
villoso,  lobis  late  ovatis  obtusis  1.3-1.5  cm.  longis;  stamina  10,  in- 
aequalia,  longiora  corollam  aequantia  v.  ea  paullo  breviora,  filamentis 
complanatis  infra  medium  sparse  villosis,  antheris  ochraceis;  ovarium 
conicum,  circiter  5  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum;  stylus  leviter 
curvatus,  glaber,  3  cm.  longus,  corollam  paullo  superans,  stigmate 
paullo  incrassato  leviter  lobato  atropurpureo.  Capsula  desideratur. 
Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets 
and  margins  of  woods,  alt.  2500-3000  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3422). 

This  species  is  allied  to  R.  yanthinum  Bureau  &  Franchet  which  has  verruculose 
branchlets,  leaves  lepidote  on  both  surfaces  and  a  rather  differently  shaped  corolla 
sparsely  lepidote  on  the  outer  surface. 

Rhododendron  polylepis  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
232  (1886);  in  Noiw.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  50  (PI.  David.  II. 
88)  (1887).  — Hemsley  &  Wilson  Kew  Bull  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  115. 

Rhododendron  Harrovianum  Hemsley  in  Gard.  Chron.  XLVII.  4  (1910);  in 
Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVI.  t.  8309  (1910).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 
II.  1043,  fig.  615  h-i  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  cliffs, 
alt.  2500  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1205;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall, 
flowers  purple);  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  3000  m.,  June  and  October 
1908  (No.  1207";  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  Wa-shan,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2300-2600  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1221;  bush  2.5  m.  tall); 
same  locality.  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3949  and  seed  No.  1857); 
Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2500-2600  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (Nos. 
122 1'',  1221'';  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  same  locality,  alt. 
2000-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4278;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers 
purple);  near  Mao-chou,  Chiu-ting-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  2500-3000  m., 
May  23,  1908  (No.  3420;  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  dark  purple); 
Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta^hsiang-ling,  thickets,  alt.  2300  m..  May  1908 
(No.  3450;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Fei- 
yueh-ling,  thickets,  alt.  2600  m.  (No.  3451;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall,  flowers 
purple).  Yunnan:  Tse-kou,  valley  of  upper  Mekong,  Pere  T.  Mon- 
heig  (No.  6). 

This  is  an  exceedingly  common  species,  varying  considerably  in  the  color  of 
flowers,  length  of  the  stamens  and  size  of  the  leaves.  We  cannot  find  a  single 
character  by  which  to  separate  R.  Harrovianum  Hemsley  from  it.  Monbeig's  No.  6 
has  unusually  large  flowers  with  included  stamens  and  possibly  represents  a  distinct 
variety.    Our  material,  however,  is  insufficient  to  decide  this. 


522  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Rhododendron  concinnum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  21 

(1889). 

Rhododendron  coomhmse  Hemsley  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXV.  t.  8280  (1909).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  1044,  fig.  614  f-g  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June 
1909  (No.  3446;  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  lavender-purple);  same 
locality,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  3448;  bush 
2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  purple). 

The  undescribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  cylindrical,  1-1.5  cm.  long,  4-5  mm. 
wide,  often  curved,  furrowed  and  lepidote. 

In  the  description  and  figure  of  R.  coombense  Hemsley  no  mention  is  made  of  the 
corolla  being  lepidote;  this  is  the  only  difference  we  can  find  between  the  two  plants. 

Rhododendron  Searsiae  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2.5-5  m.  altus,  ramis  gracilibus;  ramuli  hornotini  initio  dense 
fulvo-lepidoti,  demum  fusci  et  verruculosi,  annotini  cinereo-fusci, 
vetustiores  flavido-cinerei  v.  cinerei;  gemmae  florales  ovatae,  perulis 
rotundatis  mucronatis  minutissime  puberulis  sparse  lepidotis  cili- 
olatis.  Folia  tenuiter  coriacea,  oblanceolata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata, 
rarius  elliptico-oblonga,  acuminata,  basi  attenuata,  margine  leviter 
revoluta,  4-8  cm.  longa  et  1.2-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia,  initio 
sparse  lepidota,  demum  glabra,  nitidula,  subtus  glaucescentia,  squa- 
mulis  brunneis  conspersa,  costa  media  supra  valde  impressa  subtus 
elevato,  nervis  utrinsecus  8-10  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  leviter 
elevatis  v.  utrinque  obsoletis;  petioli  supra  canaliculati,  5-8  mm. 
longi,  verruculosi,  pallidi  v.  purpurascentes.  Flores  4-8,  fere  umbellati; 
pediceUi  10-12  mm.  longi,  flavescenti-lepidoti ;  bracteae  caducae, 
oblongo-lanceolatae,  lepidotae;  calyx  cupularis,  variabilis,  lepidotus, 
5-lobus,  plerumque  lobis  3  minutis,  2  elongatis  membranaceis  oblongo- 
ovatis  obtusis  longe  setoso-ciliatis  4-5  mm.  longis;  corolla  infundibuli- 
formi-campanulata,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  et  3-4  cm.  diam.,  alba  v.  pallide 
purpurea,  tubo  glabro  10-12  mm.  longo,  lobis  erecto-patentibus  ovatis 
apice  rotundatis  18-20  mm.  longis;  stamina  10,  longiora  corollam 
fere  aequantia,  filamentis  dilatatis  infra  medium  villosis  basi  glabris, 
antheris  pallide  brunneis;  ovarium  elongato-conicum,  circiter  5  mm. 
longum,  dense  squamulis  viridi-flavescentibus  obtectum;  stylus  pur- 
pureus,  stamina  paullo  superans,  stigmate  capitato  atropurpureo. 
Capsula  cylindrica,  10-14  mm.  longa,  lepidota,  5-valvata;  semina 
brunnea,  nitida,  minute  striata,  irregulariter  oblonga,  exalata,  1.5-2 
mm.  longa. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  523 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  June 
and  November  1908  (No.  1343,  type);  same  locality,  alt.  2G00-3000 
m.,  June  1908  (No.  3449)- 

This  species  is  most  closely  related  to  R.  polylepis  Franchet  which  has  leaves 
fulvous-brown  below,  a  different  calyx,  anthers  shortly  exserted  and  smaller  fruit. 
It  is  also  closely  related  to  R.  concinnum  Hemsley  which  has  shorter,  oblong-oval 
leaves,  the  corolla  lepidote  on  the  outer  surface  and  pubescent  within  and  slenderer 
capsules. 

To  Sarah  Choate  Sears,  artist,  lover  and  successful  cultivator  of  flowers,  this 
species  is  dedicated. 

Group  c. 

Leaves  hairy  or  glabrous  with  the  petioles  setose. 

Rhododendron  Amesiae  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-4-metralis,  ramosus;  ramuli  hornotini  et  annotini  dense  v. 
interdum  sparse  verruculosi,  annotini  plerumque  flavido-brunnei,  vetus- 
tiores  flavido-cinerei ;  gemmae  oblongo-ovoideae,  acutiusculae,  perulis 
paucis  ovatis  obtusis  mucronatis  ciliolatis.  Folia  coriacea,  elliptica  v. 
elliptico-oblonga,  acuta,  calloso-mucronata,  basi  rotundata,  4-8  cm. 
longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra  obscure  viridia,  lepidota  et  ad  costam 
mediam  leviter  elevatam  v.  vix  impressam  breviter  villosa,  subtus 
pallidiora  dense  v.  densissime  lepidota  et  ferruginea,  nervis  utrinsecus 
6-8  supra  leviter  elevatis  interdum  sparse  villosulis  subtus  obsoletis; 
petioli,  5-7  mm.  longi,  canaliculati,  lepidoti,  supra  setoso-pilosi. 
Flores  terminales,  2-3,  subumbellati;  pedicelli  lepidoti,  1-1.5  cm.  longi; 
calyx  cupularis,  lepidotus,  interdum  sparsi  villosulus,  dentibus  trian- 
gularibus  v.  rotundatis  circiter  1  mm.  longis  longe  ciliatis;  corolla 
infundibuliformis,  3.5-4  cm.  longa  et  4.5-5  cm,  diam.,  atropupurea, 
extus  sparse  lepidota,  tubo  basi  fere  cylindrico  intus  circa  medium 
villosulo,  lobis  5  ovatis  obtusis  1.5-2.5  cm.  longis;  stamina  10,  inaequa- 
lia,  longiora  corollam  fere  aequantia,  filamentis  compressis  infra 
medium  villosis  basis  excepta,  antheris  ochraceis  ovoideis;  ovarium 
conicum,  4-5  mm.  longum,  dense  lepidotum,  basi  et  apice  albido- 
pilosum;  stylus  gracilis,  curvatus,  3.5  cm.  longus,  apicem  versus  sensim 
incrassatus,  stigmate  vix  capitato  leviter  lobato.  Capsula  conica, 
1.5-1.8  cm.  longa  et  6  mm.  diam.,  sulcata,  dense  lepidota;  semina 
ellipsoidea,  utrinque  acuta,  circiter  2  mm.  longa,  exalata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  June 
1908  and  October  1910  (Nos.  3444,  type,  4233). 

The  setose  petioles  and  the  corolla  glabrous  on  the  outer  surface  suflSce  to 
distinguish  this  new  species  from  its  near  aUies  R.  Searsiae  Rehder  &.  Wilson  and 


524  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

R.  villosum  Hemsley  &  Wilson.  It  is  also  closely  related  to  R.  Augustinii  Hemsley, 
which  has  narrower  leaves  with  midribs  densely  villose  below,  unbearded  petioles, 
smaller,  more  numerous,  very  sparingly  lepidote  flowers  and  villose  shoots  and 
leaves.  This  new  species  is  rather  local  in  its  distribution;  its  handsome  rich 
purple-red  flowers  make  it  one  of  the  most  beautiful  plants  in  this  section. 

This  species  is  named  for  Mary  Shreve  Ames  of  North  Easton,  Massachusetts, 
a  generous  friend  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum  and  of  its  Chinese  explorations. 

Rhododendron  Augustinii  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  19 
(1889).  — Bean  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  162,  t.  (1905).  —  Mottet  in 
Rev.  Hort.  1909,  18,  fig.  16.  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  lU.—Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LII.  4,  fig.  3  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  margins  of  woods, 
thickets  and  cliffs,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  May  and  November  1907 
(No.  6o8;  shrub  1.5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-pink  to  deep  lavender- 
purple);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2000  m..  May  1907  (No. 
3457;  shrub  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  lilac-purple);  Changyang  Hsien, 
mountains,  alt.  2300  m.,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  302). 
Western  Szech'uan:  Chiu-ting-shan,  near  Mao-chou,  alt.  2000  m., 
May  and  October  1908  (No.  1207;  shrub  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  light 
rosy-purple);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2000-3000  m., 
October  and  November  1908  (Nos.  1197,  1237;  shrub  2-5  m.  tall); 
west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2000-2600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4238;  shrub  2-2.5  m.  tall).  z  , 

This  is  an  exceedingly  common  species  in  Hupeh,  delighting  in  rocky  situations 
fully  exposed  to  the  sun.  The  flowers  vary  very  much  in  color,  but  the  species  is 
always  easily  recognizable.  No.  3457  from  Fang  Hsien  is  more  glabrous  than  the 
type,  the  Szech'uan  specimens  have  slightly  longer  (1.5-2.5  cm.)  and  often  sparsely 
pilose  capsules.  The  fascicles  are  usually  terminal  and  3-flowered ;  in  vigorous  shoots, 
however,  often  six  flowers  occur  in  the  fascicle  and  lateral  fascicles  also  develop. 

Rhododendron  villosum  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  119.  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  1045 
(1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2800  m.,  June 
and  November  1908  (Nos.  1220,  1220'*;  shrub  1.5-6  m.  tall,  flowers 
light  purple);  same  locality,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4242;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall);  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt.  2600-3150 
m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  1342;  bush  4-6  m.  tall,  flowers 
dark  red-purple);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3445;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  purple) ;  without  precise 
locality,  May  and  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3944,  type,  3945, 
3946  and  seed  No.  1862). 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  525 

A  very  common  species,  especially  in  woodlands  where  it  often  forms  dense  thick- 
ets; the  flowers  are  very  variable  in  color. 

Rhododendron  moupinense  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  233  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2,  X.  52,  t.  12 
(PL  David.  11.  90,  t.  12)  (1887).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull. 
Misc.  Inform.  1910,  115. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  epiphytic  on  trees,  alt.  2000-2600 
m.,  September  1908  (No.  879,  in  part;  shrub  0.65-1  m.  tall);  west  and 
near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  upon  rocks,  alt.  2000-2800  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  879,  in  part;  bush  0.60-1  m.  tall);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan 
Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4256;  bush  0.60- 
1.25  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Mt.  Omei,  alt.  2000  m.,  October  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3937). 

This  species  is  usually  found  growing  upon  evergreen  oaks  and  other  broad- 
leaved  trees. 

Rhododendron  dendrocharis  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France 
XXXIII.  233  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  X.  51,  t.  13' 
(PI.  David.  II.  89,  t.  13»)  (1887). 

Western  Szechu'an:  Mupin,  forests,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  3471;  epiphytic,  shrub  35-70  cm.  tall;  flowers  bright  rosy- 
red)  ;  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2800  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3938). 

This  species  is  usually  epiphytic  on  Abies  and  Tsuga. 

Subgen.  II.     EURHODODENDRON  Maxim. 

Leaves  not  lepidote,  quite  glabrous  or  tomentose  beneath,  persistent.  Ovary 
glabrous,  glandular  or  woolly,  never  lepidote,  often  more  than  5-celled,  stamens 
10-20;  flowers  always  from  a  terminal  bud. 

We  have  retained  for  this  subgenus,  for  lack  of  another  name,  the  name  Eurho- 
dodendron  in  the  sense  of  Maximowicz,  though  unfortunately  it  does  not  include 
the  type  of  the  genus,  which  is  R.  ferrugineum  Linnaeus  and  also  R.  hirsntum 
Linnaeus.  De  Candolle,  who  first  used  Eurhododendron,  includ(>s  them,  but  Maxi- 
mowicz, who  divided  De  Candolle's  section,  referred  the  typical  species  to  his  new 
section  Osmothamnus  and  left  the  remainder  in  Eurhododendron. 

The  colloquial  name  in  central  and  western  China  of  the  species  of  this  group  is 
"  Yeh-pi-pa";  in  Chinese  books  they  are  referred  to  as  "  Shan-pi-pa." 

Group  a. 
Leaves  covered  below  with  a  close  and  compact  tomentum. 

Rhododendron  argyrophyllum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  231  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  48  {PL 


526  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

David.  II.  86)   (1887).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in   Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  111. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2100-2500  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1210;  bush  5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  pale  pink); 
Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4276;  bush 
2.5-5  m.  tall);  without  exact  locahty,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  May  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3962);  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
5137). 

This  is  one  of  the  commonest  species  in  western  Szech'uan  and  shows  much  vari- 
ation. The  numerous  forms  before  us  are  most  puzzling,  the  differences  between 
the  extremes  being  greater  than  those  separating  many  species.  There  is,  however, 
a  general  look  about  them  which  strongly  points  to  their  belonging  to  one 
variable  species.  Since  most  of  these  forms  are  in  cultivation  a  better  classification 
may  perhaps  be  made  later. 

The  above  numbers  agree  in  having  the  shoots  sparsely  covered  with  a  gray 
tomentum,  and  in  having  the  corolla  much  narrowed  at  the  base  (infundibuliform- 
campanulate)  as  described  by  Franchet  when  founding  the  species;  they  also  agree 
in  their  very  short  stamens.  Nos.  1210  and  5137  differ  from  the  type  in  the  glabrous 
filaments.  No.  1210  has  a  large  membranous  anomalous-looking  calyx;  the  lobes 
being  very  unequal  in  size  (from  3  to  12  mm.)  and  frequently  laciniate.  The 
presence  of  this  calyx  suggests  relationship  with  R.  neriiflorum  Franchet.  In  No. 
5137  the  tomentum  of  the  ovary  is  rufous  instead  of  white. 

The  undescribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  narrowly  cylindric,  2-3  cm.  long,  6-8 
mm.  wide,  straight  or  slightly  curved,  furrowed,  tipped  by  remains  of  style,  sparsely 
puberulous;  seeds  fusiform,  about  3  mm.  long,  yellowish-brown. 

Rhododendron  argyrophyllum,  var.  cupulare  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n. 
var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  glabris,  foliis  basi  saepius  subrotundatis, 
corolla  late  campanulata  basi  non  angustata,  staminibis  plerumque 
corollam  aequantibus,  stylo  exserto. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  3442,  type;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall,  flowers  pink);  same  locahty, 
woodlands,  alt.  3000  ft.,  October  1910  (No.  4275^;  bush  4  m.  tall); 
south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
3441;  bush  1-4  m.  tall,  flowers  blush-white);  west  of  Kuan  Hsien, 
Pan-lan-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No. 
4275;  bush  2-4  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2600-2800  m., 
May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3963;  bush  1-8  m.  tall). 

In  No.  3442,  the  leaves  are  cuneate  at  the  base,  but  in  the  other  numbers  they 
are  usually  rounded.  No.  3441  has  the  corolla  somewhat  approaching  the  type 
in  shape,  the  stamens  and  pistil  are  also  nearly  intermediate  in  length  between 
those  of  the  type  and  the  variety.  In  No.  3963  some  of  the  flowers  have  a  well-de- 
veloped membranous  calyx  with  triangular-ovate,  acute  or  rounded  teeth,  some  of 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  527 

which  are  irregularly  notched.  This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  its 
glabrous  branchlets,  smaller  leaves  inclined  to  be  rounded  at  the  base  and  in  the 
broad  campanulate  or  cup-shaped  corolla;  it  is  similar  to  R.  hypoglaucum  Hemsley 
but  differs  in  its  ovary  being  densely  covered  with  white  hairs. 

Rhododendron  argyrophyllum,  var.  omeiense  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n. 
var. 

Frutex  2-metralis;  ramuli  graciles,  glabri  v.  fere  glabri.  Folia 
oblanceolata  v.  lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  subtus  tomento 
cinereo-albido  v.  fulvescente  obtecta,  7-10  cm.  longa.  Corolla  cam- 
panulata,  basi  leviter  angustata,  3.5-4  cm.  longa  et  circiter  4.5  cm. 
diam. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  May  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3962%  type);  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
5137»). 

This  variety  differs  from  the  type  chiefly  in  the  dun-colored  tomentum  of  the 
under  side  of  the  generally  smaller  leaves  and  in  the  broader  corolla  less  narrowed 
at  the  base. 

Rhododendron  hypoglaucum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI. 
25  (1889).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  512  (1910).  —  Bean  in  Flora 
&  Sylva,  III.  164  (1905).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  III.— Pampanini  mNuov.  Gior.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII. 
683  (1910). 

Rhododendron  gracilipes  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  391  (1895). 
Rhododendron  chionophyllum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrh.  XXIX.  512  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2300  m.,  May  19, 
1907  (No.  3443,  in  part;  bush  2.5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white  with  reddish 
blotch);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2300  m..  May  14,  1907 
(No.  3443,  in  part;  bush  2.5-4  m.tall,  flowers  pale  rose-pink);  Changlo 
Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2000  m..  May  1907  (No.  3443,  in  part;  bush 
1-3  m.tall,  flowers,  white,  spotted) ;  Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2000  m.. 
May  1907  (No.  3443,  in  part;  bush  2.5-4  m.  tall,  flowers  pink,  spotted) ; 
without  locality,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  311). 

This  is  an  exceedingly  common  species  in  western  Hupeh  and  possibly  only  a 
geographical  form  of  R.  argyrophyllum  Franchet.  The  ovary  varies  from  hirsutely 
glandular  to  glabrous,  as  described  by  Diels  for  his  R.  chionophyllum,  and  with 
the  material  before  us  we  cannot  separate  this  species.  The  pedicels  in  R.  hypo- 
glaucum Hemsley  vary  considerably  in  length  and  are  either  glabrous  or  sparsely 
pubescent;  the  loan  of  a  specimen  of  R.  gracilipes  Franchet  from  the  Paris 
Museum  has  enabled  us  to  establish  the  identity  of  these  two  species.  R.  graci- 
lipes Franchet  and  R.  chionophyllum  Diels  are  identical  and  merely  non-glandular 
forms  of  R.  hypoglaucum  Hemsley. 


528  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Rhododendron  longipes  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n,  sp. 

Frutex  1-2.5  m.  altus,  ramulis  satis  gracilibus;  hornotini  sparse 
pubescentes.  Folia  tenuiter  coriacea,  oblongo-lanceolata,  rarius 
oblongo-oblanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata  v.  late  cimeata,  8-13 
cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitidula,  leviter  elevato- 
reticulata,  glabra,  subtus  dense  tomento  Crustacea  pallide  brunneo 
obtecta  costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus 
8-12  supra  impressis  subtus  leviter  elevatis  v.  fere  obsoletis.  Flores 
10-15,  umbellato-racemosi ;  rhachis  2-2.5  cm.  longa,  sparse  villosa; 
pedicelli  graciles,  4-4.5  cm.  longi,  sparse  glandulosi,  saepe  sparsissime 
villosi;  calyx  minimus,  cupularis,  lobis  inaequalibus  vix  1  mm.  longis, 
acutis  V.  rotundatis  glabris  v.  rarius  sparse  glandulosis;  corolla  5-loba, 
e  basi  late  tubulari  infundibuliformi-campanulata,  pallide  rosea,  macu- 
lata,  circiter  3.5  cm.  longa  et  4.  cm  lata,  basi  leviter  5-gibbosa,  lobis 
inaequalibus  circiter  1  cm.  longis  et  1.5-2  cm.  latis,  rotundatis  rarius 
emarginatis;  stamina  circiter  12,  vix  corollam  dimidiam  aequantia, 
filamentis  basi  dilatatis  glabris;  ovarium  cylindricum,  6-7  mm.  longum, 
tomento  rufo  villoso  obtectum;  stylus  rectus,  1.6  cm.  longus,  basim 
loborum  corollae  paullo  superans,  glaber,  stigmate  capitato.  Capsula 
matura  desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2300  m..  May  16,  1907  (No.  3424,  type);  without  precise 
locality,  alt.  2000-2500  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3966). 

This  is  a  distinct  species  easily  recognized  by  its  foliage  and  long  slender  pedi- 
cels. It  is  allied  to  R.  insigne  Hemsley  &  Wilson  which  is  a  much  more  vigorous 
growing  species  with  thick  coriaceous  leaves,  larger  flowers  and  villose  stamens. 
R.  argyrophyllum  Franchet  and  its  varieties  with  which  this  new  species  may 
be  compared  has  rather  different  shaped  leaves,  clothed  with  white  tomentum 
below. 

Rhododendron  insigne  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  113. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
June  and  October  1908  (No.  1339;  bush  4-6  m.  tall,  flowers  pink  or 
white);  same  locahty,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3965,  type). 

The  fruit  of  this  handsome  species  which  has  not  been  described  is  stout,  cy- 
lindric,  obtuse,  2-2.5  cm.  long,  about  1  cm.  wide,  8-10-valved  with  rather  thin 
valves,  crowned  by  the  remains  of  the  style,  and  densely  covered  with  very 
short,  brownish  crispate  hairs;  seeds  oblong,  2.5-3  mm.  long,  yellowish-brown. 
Bark  salmon-red,  becoming  gray  with  age,  exfoliating  in  rather  thin  small 
flakes. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  529 

Rhododendron  Thayerianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutcx  3-4-metralis,  ramulis  crassiusculis  puberulis  plerumquc  ab- 
breviatis  foliis  congestis;  pcrulae  per  plures  annos  persistentes,oblongae 
V.  oblongo-spathulatae  v.  lanceolatae,  acutae  v.  obtusae  v.  apiculatae, 
1-2  cm.  longae,  glabrae  v.  extus  sericeae,  brunneae.  Folia  coriacea, 
anguste  oblanceolata,  cuneata,  acuminata,  8-13  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3  cm. 
lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  nitidula,  leviter  elevato-reticulata,  subtus 
tomento  crustaceo  pallidc  brunneo  denso  obtecta,  costa  media  supra 
impressa  subtus  elevata  fere  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  obsoletis 
interdum  supra  leviter  impressis;  petioli  crassiusculi,  initio  sparse 
glandulosi  demum  glabri,  1-1.5  cm.  longi.  Flores  10-15,  racemosi; 
rhachis  elongata,  satis  gracilis,  3-3.5  cm.  longa,  sparse  stipitato- 
glandulosa  ut  pedicelli  graciles,  4-5  cm.  longi;  bracteae  oblongo-spa- 
thulatae V.  oblongae,  1-2.5  cm.  longae,  extus  sericeae  ad  maturitatem 
fructus  persistentes;  calyx  cupularis,  lobis  inaequalibus  semiorbicu- 
laribus  1.5-2  mm.  longis  glandulosis;  corolla  infundibuliformis, 
5-lobata,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  et  3-3.5  cm.  diam.,  lobis  inaequalibus  cir- 
citer  1.5  cm.  longis  rotundatis;  stamina  8-10,  corollam  fere  aequantia, 
filamentis  2-2.5  cm.  longis  compressis  in  dimidio  inferiore  floccoso- 
villosis;  ovarium  elongatun,  glandulosum;  stylus  rectus,  circiter  2.5  cm. 
longus,  dense  glandulosus,  stigmate  magno  applanato.  Capsula  cylin- 
drica,  2-3  cm.  longa  et  circiter  6  mm.  diam.,  6-8-locularis,  glandulosa; 
semina  anguste  oblonga,  3-4  mm.  longa,  pallide  brunnea,  utrinque  alata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  3000  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4273). 

This  is  a  remarkably  distinct  species  differing  from  all  allied  species  in  its  per- 
sistent bud-scales  densely  covering  the  leafy  shoots.  The  leaves  are  crowded  and 
the  inflorescence  and  ovary  are  very  glandular.  In  its  dun-colored,  crust accous 
tomentum  this  new  species  resembles  R.  longipcs  Rehder  &  Wilson,  which  is, 
however,  readily  distinguished  by  its  differently  shaped  flowers  and  leaves,  de- 
ciduous bud-scales  and  bracts,  glabrous  non-glandular  stamens  and  style.  Our 
specimens  are  in  ripe  fruit  with  a  few  old  flowers  adherent  to  the  glandular 
capsules. 

This  species  is  named  for  the  Thayer  family  of  Lancaster,  Massachusetts, 
prominent  in  horticulture  and  generous  in  its  support  of  the  explorations  in  China 
undertaken  by  the  Arnold  Arboretum. 

Group  b. 

Leaves  with  a  woolly  or  sometimes  nearly  scurfy  brownish  tomentum  on  the 
midrib  beneath,  otherwise  glabrous  or  villose  when  young. 

Rhododendron  longesquamatum  Schneider,  ///.  Handb.  Laubholzk. 
II.  483  (1909),  1045  (1912). 


530  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rhododendron  Brettii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in   Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 
106. 

"Western  Szech'uan  :  Mupin,  woodlands,  3300-3500  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  1278;  bush  2.5-5  m.tall,  flowers  rose-pink);  Wa-shan,  woodlands, 
alt.  3000  m.,  November  1908  (No.  1361;  bush  4-6  m.  tall);  same  lo- 
cality, alt.  2300-2600  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3439;  bush  3-5  m.  tall, 
flowers  pink  with  purple  blotch);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien, 
woodlands,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3438;  bush  2.5  m.  tall, 
flowers  rosy-red);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4263;  bush  2-3  m,  tall);  Tachien-lu,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3973,  type). 

This  most  striking  species  varies  slightly  in  different  localities.  In  No.  3439  the 
calyx-lobes  are  almost  wanting  and  the  bracts  are  very  sparse;  in  No.  3438  the 
lower  surface  of  the  midribs  is  glabrous,  and  the  pedicels  and  ovary  are  much  less 
glandular-pubescent. 

Rhododendron  pachytrichum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  231  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  49  (PL 
David.  II.  87)  (1888).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull  Misc. 
Inform.  XXIII.  1910,  109. 

Western  Szech'uan :  Mupin,  woods,  alt.  2500-3300  ra.,  June  and 
October,  1908  (No.  1203,  in  part;  bush  2.5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white); 
same  locahty,  alt.  2600-2800  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4270;  bush  2-5  m. 
tall);  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt.  2500-3000  m.,  June  and  November,  1908 
(No.  1203,  in  part;  bush  4-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  same  locality, 
June  and  November  1908  (No.  1349;  bush  5-6  m.  tall;  flowers  pale 
pink,  spotted);  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  September  1908 
(No.  1203,  in  part;  bush  2-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white)  south-east  of  Ta- 
chien-lu, woodlands,  3000-3300  m.,  October  1908  (No.  1326;  bush 
3-6  m.  tall);  near  Mao-chou,  Chiu-ting-shan,  cliffs,  alt.  2500-2800 m.. 
May  and  October  1908  (No.  3440;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  white); 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  Pan-lan-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4246;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall);  without  precise  locahty, 
alt.  2600-3300  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3976). 

This  is  one  of  the  commonest  and  most  widely  dispersed  species  found  in  western 
Szech'uan.  The  fruit  which  has  not  been  described  is  slender,  cylindric,  2-3  cm. 
long,  6-8  mm.  wide,  furrowed,  sparingly  hispid  or  glabrescent,  about  8-celled;  seeds 
fusiform,  about  3  mm.  long,  blackish. 

Rhododendron  strigillosum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  232  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  X.  48  {PI. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  531 

David.  II.   87)    (1888).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in    Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  107. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2G00-3300  m., 
October  1908  (No.  1341;  bush  5-6  m.  tall);  same  locality,  woodlands, 
alt.  2300-2800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3429;  bush  3-5  m.  tall,  flowers  red); 
same  locality,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3430;  bush 
6  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Mupin,  woodlands,  2500-2600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4258;  bush  2-4  m.  tall);  Mt.  Omei,  woodlands,  alt.  2600  m. 
(No.  4267;  bush  3-4  m.  tall). 

The  undescribed  fruit  is  stout,  cylindric,  1.2-2.5  cm.  (usually  1.8  cm.)  long, 
furrowed,  densely  covered  with  brown  bristly  hairs;  seeds  dark,  shining  brown, 
oblong,  3-4  mm.  in  length.  This  species  which  is  rather  rare  is  easily  recognized 
by  its  setose  branches,  petioles  and  inflorescence.  The  corolla  varies  from  pure 
white  to  crimson.  No.  3429  is  much  less  bristly  than  the  usual  form  and  shows  an 
approach  towards  R.  pachytrichum  Franchet,  which  is  the  species  most  closely 
related  to  it. 

Group  c. 

Leaves  with  a  brown  or  brownish  tomentum  covering  the  whole  under  surface, 
rarely  glabrescent  at  maturity. 

Rhododendron  Wiltonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  107. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2500  m.,  June  and 
November  1908  (No.  1353,  in  part;  bush  3-5  m.  tall,  flowers  flesh- 
pink,  spotted);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  1353,  in  part;  bush  3-5  m.  tall,  flowers  white  with  red  blotch); 
same  locality,  October  1910  (No.  4264;  bush  3  m.  tall) ;  without  precise 
locahty,  alt.  3300  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3952,  type). 

This  is  a  rather  rare  species,  easily  recognized  by  its  thick  leaves  narrowed  to 
the  base,  shining  green  and  rugose  above,  covered  below  with  loose  red-brown  to- 
mentum, and  by  its  woolly  pedicels  and  minute  calyx.  The  fruit  is  similar  to 
that  of  R.  Wasonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson. 

Rhododendron  maculiferum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  393 
(1895).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  109. 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2600-3300  m..  May 
1907  (No.  3412,  in  part;  bush  1-10  m.  tall,  flowers  white  or  pink  with 
dark  blotch,  abundant);  Changlo  Hsien,  woodlands  and  cliffs,  alt. 
2000  m..  May  1907  (No.  3412,  in  part;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall) ;  Changyang 
Hsien,  woodlands  and  cliffs,  alt.  1600-2500  m..  May  and  June  1907 
(No.  3412,  in  part;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  light  pink  with  dark 
spots);  without  precise  locality,  May  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1878). 


532  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

This  is  a  very  common  species  above  2000  m.  alt.  in  north-west  Hupeh,  and  is 
easily  recognized  by  its  villose  pedicels  and  ovary,  rather  short,  elliptic  leaves  with 
the  midrib  floccosely  tomentose  on  the  under  side. 

Rhododendron  Weldianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-4-metralis;  ramuli  crassi,  initio  j[loccoso-tomentosi,  mox 
glabrescentes;  gemmae  ovoideae,  purpurascentes,  perulis  late  ovatis 
apice  rotundatis  subito  mucronatis  extus  marginem  versus  villosulis 
intus  villosulis.  Folia  coriacea,  elliptico-oblonga,  basi  cuneata,  rarius 
rotundata,  acuta  v.  breviter  acuminata,  margine  leviter  revoluta, 
6-11  cm.  longa  et  3-4  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra,  nitidula,  leviter  rugulosa, 
subtus  dense  tomento  lanuginoso  initio  albido  demum  ferrugineo 
obtecta,  costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinque 
10-12  obsoletis  supra  leviter  impressis;  petioli  crassi  complanati, 
1-1.5  cm.  longi,  floccoso-tomentosi,  glabrescentes.  Florum  fragmenta 
tantum  adsunt;  calyx  obsoletus;  corolla  infundibuliformis,  22  mm. 
longa,  lobis  late  ovatis  9-10  mm.  longis,  tubo  12  mm.  longo;  stamina 
20  mm.  longa,  corolla  paullo  breviora,  in  quarta  parte  inferiore 
pilosula.  Racemi  sub-umbelliformes,  6-12-flori;  pedicelli  crassi,  1-1.5 
cm.  longi,  ut  capsula  tomento  rufescente  floccoso-lanuginoso  vestiti; 
capsula  cylindrica,  2-2.5  cm.  longa  et  7-9  mm.  diam. ;  semina  ovato- 
oblonga,  2.5-3.5  mm.  longa,  compressa,  obscure  brunnea,  striatula. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4235,  type);  near  Sungpan 
Ting,  woodlands,  alt.  3500  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4250). 

This  species  seems  most  closely  allied  to  R.  rufum  Batalin  which  we  have  not  seen 
but  according  to  the  description  this  plant  has  shorter  and  broader  leaves, 
rounded  at  the  ends,  longer  petioles,  a  longer  corolla-tube  and  shorter  stamens, 
reaching  only  to  the  base  of  the  lobes. 

This  species  is  named  for  General  Stephen  Minot  Weld,  a  former  president  of 
the  Massachusetts  Horticultural  Society  and  a  generous  supporter  of  Wilson's 
expeditions  to  China. 

Rhododendron  Wasonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  105. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600  m.,  June  1908 
(No.  3423;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-pink);  south-east  of  Tachien- 
lu,  forests  on  cliffs  and  boulders,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4249;  bush  1-1.25  cm.  tall);  Tachien-lu,  forests,  alt.  3000  m., 
May  and  July,  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3955,  type,  3965,  3969). 

This  is  a  common  low-growing  species  partial  to  rocks  in  the  forests.  The 
broadly  lanceolate  to  nearly  ovate  leaves  shining  green  above  and  covered  below 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  533 

with  rufous  tomentum,  floccosc  pedicels  and  slender  fruit  covered  with  red-brown 
tomentum  distinguish  it  from  the  allied  species.  In  No.  3969  the  leaves  are  oval, 
and  glabrescent  below. 

Rhododendron  Faberii  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  22 
(1889).  — Schneider,  ///.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  11.  494  (1909).  — Hem- 
sley &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  105. 

Rhododendron  Prattii  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  389  (1895). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3436;  bush  4-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  spotted  red); 
west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2800-3000  m.,  July  1908 
(No.  3437,  in  part;  bush  2.5-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Tachien-lu, 
woods  and  thickets,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  June  1908  (Nos.  3432,  3437,  in 
part;  bush  2.5-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  same  locality,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600-3300  m.,  October  1910  (Nos.  4234,  4272,  in  part;  bushes 
2.5-4  m.  tall);  around  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-4300  m.,  May,  June  and 
October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3958,  3958%  3959,  3961);  vicinity 
of  Tachien-lu  3000-4500  m.,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  58,  type  of  R.  Prattii 
Franchet);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June  1908  (No. 
3437,  in  part;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white,  dark  blotch);  near 
Lungan  Fu,  forests  of  Tu-ti-liang-shan,  alt.  3000  m.,  August  1910 
(No.  4272,  in  part;  bush  4  m.  tall) ;  Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  5142). 

The  undescribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  stout,  cylindric,  2.5-3  cm.  long,  7-9  mm. 
wide,  usually  curved,  furrowed,  8-10-celled,  hairy,  very  sparsely  glandular;  the 
persistent  calyx-lobes  enclosing  the  lower  half  of  the  capsule;  seeds  fusiform, 
3-3.5  mm.  long,  dark  brown. 

This  very  common  woodland  species  varies  considerably  in  the  size  of  the  leaves, 
in  the  degree  of  tomentum  on  their  under  surface  and  in  the  size  of  the  calyx-lobes 
which,  however,  are  always  ample.  In  No.  3432  the  i)edicels  are  nearly  glabrous, 
the  calyx-lobes  are  short,  and  narrow  and  the  leaves  closely  resemble  those  of 
B.  Przewalskii  Maximowicz.    No.  5142  has  very  glandular  pedicels. 

Rhododendron  taliense  Franchet  in  Bot.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
232(1886).— Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.31  (1889).— Hemsley 
&  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  105.  —  Diels  in  Not.  Bot. 
Gard.  Edinburgh,  V.  216  (PL  Chin.  Forrest.)  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Tachien-lu,  moorlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m., 
June  and  October,  1908  (No.  1325;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  pink); 
same  locality,  uplands,  alt.  3600-4100  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4232, 
fruits  only;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3600- 
4300  m.,  July  1903  and  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3970,  3953). 


534  WILSON   EXPEDITION  TO   CHINA 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  R.  Przewalskii  Maximowicz,  but  may  be  dis- 
tinguished from  that  species  by  its  longer  and  narrower  fruit,  larger  seeds  and 
the  gray  tomentum  of  the  young  branches;  the  petioles,  pedicels  and  calyx 
also  are  sparsely  hairy.  Both  species  are  alpine  and  are  found  growing  together 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu. 

Rhododendron  Przewalskii  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Petershourg,  XXIII.  350  (1877);  in  Mel.  Biol.  IX.  771  (1877).— 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  29  (1889).  — Bean  in  Flora  & 
Sylva,  III.  164  (1905). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  485, 
fig.  321  d  (1909).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform. 
1910,  108. 

Rhododendron  kialense  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  392  (1895). 

Western  Szech'uan :  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  uplands, 
alt.  3000-3600  m.,  July  1908  (No.  34331  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  spotted);  Tachien-lu,  Ta-p'ao-shan,  moorlands,  alt.  4300- 
5000  m.,  July  7,  1908  (No.  3434;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white); 
Tachien-lu,  uplands,  alt.  4300-4600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3435;  bush, 
1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  same  locality,  alt.  3600-4500  m.,  October 
1910  (Nos.  4231,  4243;  bushes  65  cm.-3  m.  tall);  same  locality,  alt. 
3600-4600  m.,  June  and  October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3968, 
3957). 

This  is  the  most  alpine  of  the  broad-leaved  species  found  in  western  Szech'uan 
where  it  is  extremely  abundant  above  the  timber-line.  The  flowers  vary  in  color 
from  white  to  rose-pink  and  are  commonly  spotted.  Maximowicz  describes  the 
stamens  as  villose  and  Franchet  in  his  R.  kialense  as  glabrous.  Both  forms  are 
represented  in  the  specimens  before  us  and  gradually  merge  into  one  another. 
The  flowers  and  leaves  are  identical  although  the  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size 
and  shape.  No.  3957  has  broadly  ovate  leaves,  floccosely  tomentose  below,  a 
rosy-pink  corolla  and  stout  fruit  covered  with  purple  bloom. 

Rhododendron  ochraceum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  3-metralis;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  pubescentes,  pilis  glan- 
duliferis  interspersis,  annotini  glabrescentes;  gemmae  perulis  extus 
tomentosis  longe  acuminatis  exterioribus  in  appendicem  elongatum 
linearem  elongatis  (semper  ?) .  Folia  tenuiter  coriacea,  oblanceolata, 
subito  breviter  acuminata,  basi  late  cuneata  v.  rotundata,  margine 
leviter  revoluta,  6-9  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.5  lata,  supra  initio  pilis  fas- 
ciculatis  caducis  conspersa,  mox  glabra,  laete  viridia,  opaca,  minute 
elevato-reticulata,  subtus  dense  tomento  ochraceo  floccoso  vestita, 
costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  lateralibus  obso- 
letis;  petioli  graciles,  1-2  cm.  longi,  sparse  pubescentes  et  glanduloso- 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  535 

pilosi.  Flores  8-12,  racemoso-umbellati;  pedicelli  glanduloso-pilosi, 
6-12  mm.  longi;  bracteae  oblongae,  1-1.5  cm.  longae,  cito  caducae, 
extus  sericeae;  calyx  cupuliformis,  rubescens,  lobis  5  inaequalibus 
late  triangularibus  acutis  2-5  mm.  longis  pilosis;  corolla  late  cam- 
panulata,  kermesina,  immaculata,  5-loba,  circiter  3  cm.  longa  et  lata, 
tubo  e  basi  lata  sensim  ampliato,  18-20  mm.  longo,  lobis  subrotundatis 
plerumque  emarginatis,  circiter  1  cm.  longis  et  pauUo  latioribus; 
stamina  plerumque  12,  inclusa,  1.6-2.2  cm.  longa,  filamentis  glabris 
compressis,  antheris  atropurpureis;  ovarium  conicum,  dense  pilis 
strigosis  plerumque  glanduliferis  obtectis,  stylo  glabro  2  cm.  longo, 
stigmate  parvo  simplici.  Capsula  cylindrica,  2-2.5  cm.  longa  et  5- 
6  mm.  diam.,  vetulosa  et  sparse  glandulosa,  valvis  plerumque  6; 
semina  fusiformia,  compressa,  2.5-3  mm.  longa,  flavido-brunnea. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June 
1908  (No.  3425). 

This  is  a  rare  and  very  distinct  species  perhaps  most  closely  related  to  R.  strigil- 
losum  Franchet,  which  has  strigose  hairs  covering  the  branches,  petioles  and  fruit, 
very  different  tomentum,  mainly  confined  to  the  center  of  the  lower  surface  of  the 
leaves,  larger  flowers  and  very  differently  shaped  fruit.  Our  plant  may  also  be 
compared  with  R.  pachytrichum  Franchet  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  the 
leaves  being  glabrous  on  the  under  surface,  with  the  exception  of  the  midrib,  by 
larger  flowers,  villose  stamens  and  by  the  larger,  stouter  and  glabrescent  fruit. 

Group  d. 
Leaves  with  a  white  or  whitish  often  very  close  tomentum  beneath. 

Rhododendron  floribundum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  232  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Pans,  ser.  2,  X.  45  (PL 
David.  II.  88)  (1888).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.    1910,  106. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4266;  bush  3-5  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  1300 
m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3967). 

The  undescribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  stout,  cylindric,  straight  or  curved  up- 
wards, 2-3  cm.  long,  about  1  cm.  wide,  8-10-celled  and  sparsely  clothed  with 
short,  yellowish-gray  pubescence;  seeds  fusiform,  3-4  mm.  long,  chestnut-brown 
in  color. 

Rhododendron  Hunnewellianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-5-metralis;  ramuli  crassiusculi,  initio  tomento  floccoso 
cinereo  vestiti,  demum  glabrescentes;  gemmae  subglobosae,  perulis 
paucis  suborbicularibus  extus  fusco-  v.  fusco-cinereo-tomcntosulis  intus 
glabris.    Folia  coriacea,  oblanceolata,  rarius  anguste  oblongo-lanceo- 


536  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

lata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  7-11  cm.  longa  et  1.5-2.5  cm.  lata, 
supra  glabra,  maturitate  leviter  rugulosa,  subtus  tomento  floccoso 
lanuginoso  albido  vestita,  costa  media  supra  impressa  subtus  manifeste 
elevata  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  14-17  supra  impressis  interdum  obso- 
letis;  petioli  puberuli,  mox  glabri,  8-15  mm.  longi.  Flores  umbellato- 
racemosi,  plures;  rhachis  circiter  1  cm.  longa,  pubescens;  pedicelli  laxe 
ferrugineo-villosi  et  minute  glandulosi,  1.5-2  cm.  longi;  calyx  cupularis, 
brevis,  lobis  5  rotundatis  latioribus  quam  longis  extus  sparse  puberulis 
et  glandulosis;  corolla  5-loba,  late  campanulata,  4-5  cm.  longa  et 
lata,  alba,  maculata,  lobis  ovalibus  apice  rotundatis  circiter  2  cm. 
longis  quam  tubus  intus  in  parte  inferiore  dense  glandulosus  paullo 
brevioribus ;  stamina  circiter  10,  inclusa,  2.5-3.5  cm.  longa,  filamentis 
compressis  basim  versus  glandulosis;  ovarium  anguste  conicum,  7-8 
mm.  longum,  tomento  villoso  flavido  obtectum;  stylus  4-5  cm.  longus, 
rectus,  glaber  basi  sparse  villoso  glandulosoque  excepto,  stigmate 
magno  applanato.  Capsula  cylindrica,  2-2.5  cm.  longa  et  8-10  mm. 
diam.,  8-locularis,  partim  tomento  rufo  obtecta,  glabrescens;  semina 
brunnea,  ovoidea  v.  oblongo-ovoidea,  compressa,  circiter  2  mm.  longa. 
Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  thickets, 
alt.  2000-2600  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1198,  type);  same 
locality,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4248);  south-east  of 
Sungpan  Ting,  woods,  alt.  3300  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4727). 

This  species  is  related  to  R.  floribundum  Franchet,  which  is  readily  distinguished 
by  its  much  larger,  subbullate,  strongly  veined  leaves  with  the  secondary  veins 
prominent  below,  and  rather  different,  smaller  flowers.  Our  material  consists  of 
specimens  with  ripe  fruit  and  old  flowers;  the  color  of  the  flowers  is  unknowTi, 
but  it  is  apparently  white  or  nearly  so.  In  the  region  where  this  species  grows 
Rhododendrons  are  called  "  Yang-ngo-hwa." 

It  is  fitting  that  the  name  of  Hunnewell  should  be  associated  with  a  species  of 
Rhododendron,  for  two  generations  of  this  Massachusetts  family  have  devoted 
themselves  to  the  cultivation  of  these  plants  in  their  gardens  at  Wellesley  and  have 
lost  no  opportunity  to  increase  the  knowledge  and  advance  the  interests  of  American 
horticulture. 

To  this  group  also  belong  the  two  following  species: 

Rhododendron  Monbeigii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramis  validis,  annotinis  glabris.  Folia  tenuiter  coriacea,  oblanceolata 
V.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuta  v.  brevissime  acuminata,  basi  sensim  attenuata, 
9-15  cm.  longa  et  3-4  cm.  lata,  supra  glabra,  obsolete  rugulosa,  subtus  dense 
tomento  lanuginoso  arete  adpresso  albido  vestita,  costa  media  supra  impressa, 
Bubtus  elevata  flavida,  glabra  v.  fere  glabra,  nervis  utrinsecus  12-15  supra  leviter 
V.  vix  impressis  subtus  leviter  elevatis;  petioli  validi,  circiter  1  cm.  longi,  glabri 
V.  fere  glabri.  Flores  10-12,  umbellato-racemosi ;  bracteae  caducae,  oblongae, 
extus  villosae,  1-1.5  cm.  longae;  pedicelli  sparsissime  pilosi  v.  fere  glabri,  1.2- 
1.5  cm.  longi;  calyx  minimus,  cupularis,  lobis  latis  brevissimis  acutis  v.  obtusis 


ERICACExVE.  —  RHODODENDKON  537 

glabris;  corolla  S-loba,  late  turbinato-campanulata,  basi  leviter  5-gibbosa,  3.5-4 
cm.  longa  4-4.5  cm.  lata,  glabra,  pallida  (colore  ignoto) ;  lobi  1-1.5  cm.  longi,  circiter 
duplo  quam  tubus  longiores,  inaequales,  rotimdati  et  apice  leviter  cmarginati; 
stamina  10,  inclusa,  1.5-3  cm.  longa,  filamentis  complanatis  basi  sparse  glandu- 
losis,  antheris  purpureis;  ovarium  cylindricum,  8-10  mm.  longum,  sparsissime 
glandulosum;  stylus  curvatus,  2.2-2.5  cm.  longus,  corollam  aequans  v.  pauUo 
superans,  glabcr  v.  in  parte  inferiore  sparse  puberulus  stigmate  simplice.  Capsula 
matura  non  visa. 

Western  Yunnan:  Tse-kou,  valley  of  upper  Mekong  river,  T.  Monbeig, 
(Nos.  16,  type,  2). 

The  nearest  ally  of  R.  Monheigii  is  undoubtedly  R.  foveolatum  Rehder  &  Wilson, 
which  is  distinguished  by  the  peculiar  foveolate  tomentum  of  the  leaves,  the 
tomentose  branchlets,  smaller  flowers,  the  shorter,  rufously  tomento.se  ovary, 
the  shorter  style  and  stamens  and  by  the  pubescent  pedicels.  R.  (jyninanthum 
Diels  also  seems  related  to  this  species,  but  is  at  once  distinguished  by  the  quite 
glabrous  and  green  under  surface  of  the  leaves  and  by  the  distinctly  racemose  in- 
florescence with  short  pedicels. 

Rhododendron  foveolatum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  ramulis  crassiusculis  annotinis  et  biennibus  albido-tomentosis.  Folia 
tenuiter  coriacea,  oblongo-oblanceolata,  basi  sensim  attenuata,  apice  acuta  v.  fere 
rotundata  et  mucronata,  margine  leviter  reflexo-,  9-10  cm.  longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata, 
supra  glabra,  obscure  viridia,  leviter  elevato-reticulata,  subtus  dense  tomento 
cinereo  foveolato-lanuginoso  obtecta,  costa  supra  impressa  subtus  elevata  nervis 
utrinsecus  10-12  supra  leviter  impressis  subtus  leviter  elevatis;  petioli  1-1.5  cm. 
longi,  crassi,  adpresse  cinereo-tomentosi.  Flores  10-12,  umbellato-racemosi; 
pedicelli  crassiusculi  tenuiter  tomentosi;  calyx  brevissimus,  cupularis,  obsolete 
5-dentatus,  puberulus;  corolla  5-loba,  late  turbinato-campanulata,  3-3.5  cm. 
longa  et  lata,  basi  leviter  5-gibbosa,  pallida  (colore  ignoto),  maculata,  lobis  inaequali- 
bus  suborbicularibus  latioribus  quam  longis  leviter  emarginatis;  stamina  10, 
inclusa,  1-2  cm.  longa,  filamentis  complanatis  basi  sparsissime  pilosis,  antheris 
purpureis;  ovarium  conicum,  5  mm.  longum  dense  tomento  rufo  obtectum;  stylus 
leviter  curvatus,  1.5-2  cm.  longus,  glabrous,  stigmate  capitato.  Capsula  matura 
desideratur. 

Yunnan  :  Tse-kou,  valley  of  upper  Mekong  river,  T.  Monbeig  (No.  3). 

This  species  is  related  to  R.  Monbeigii  Rehder  &  Wilson  which  has  a  different 
tomentum,  larger  flowers,  an  elongated,  glabrescent  ovary  and  glabrous  branchlets. 

Group  e. 
Leaves  glabrous  beneath. 

Rhododendron  Souliei  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  393  (1895). — 
Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLV.  380,  fig.  167,  t.  (1909).— Hemsley  &  Wilson 
in  Kew  Bull  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  108.  —  Diels  in  Not.  Bot.  Gard. 
Edinburgh,  V.  217  {PL  Chin.  Forrest.)  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan :  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  upland,  thickets  and 
woodlands,  alt.  3000-3600  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1222; 
bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-pink);  same  locality,  October  1910  (No. 
4274;  bush  1-2  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3300-3800  m., 
July  and  October  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3971). 


538  WILSON    EXPEDITION    TO    CHINA 

The  open  campanulate  flowers  with  the  large  calyx,  leaves  cordate  or  truncate 
at  the  base,  with  a  metallic-green  luster,  readily  distinguish  R.  Souliei  from  all 
related  species. 

Rhododendron  Williamsianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  1.50  alius,  ramosu;  ramuli  graciles,  hornotini  sparse 
pilis  glanduliferis  instruct!,  annotini  glabri,  nitiduli,  pallida  cinereo- 
fusci;  gemmae  ovoideae,  acutae,  purpurascentes,  perulis  extus  glabris 
ciliolatis.  Folia  coriacea,  ovata  v.  rotundato-ovata,  apice  rotundata 
apiculata,  basi  plerumque  leviter  cordata,  rarius  truncata,  margine 
reflexa,  1.7-4.2  cm.  longa  et  1.3-3.2  cm.  lata,  glabra,  supra  obscure 
viridia,  leviter  elevato-reticulata,  subtus  flavescenti-glauca,  obsolete 
elevato-reticulata;  petioli  1-1.5,  saepe  sparsissime  glanduloso-pilosi, 
purpurascentes.  Flores  3-5,  umbellato-racemosi ;  pedicelli  sparse 
glanduloso-pilosi,  purpurascentes,  interdum  glabri;  calyx  minutus, 
obsolete  5-dentatus,  sparse  stipitato-glandulosus  praesertim  ad  mar- 
ginem;  corolla  aperte  campanulata,  3-3.5  cm.  longa  et  4-4.5  cm. 
lata,  glabra,  pallide  rosea  maculis  destituta,  5-loba  lobis  suborbicu- 
laribus  1.2-1.4  cm.  longis;  stamina  plerumque  10,  longiora  medium 
loborum  attingentia,  filamentis  glabris;  ovarium  conicum,  glanduloso- 
pilosum,  4-5  mm.  longum;  stylus  curvatus,  exsertus,  totus  sparse 
glandulosus  glandulis  infra  medium  stipitatis,  stigmate  capitato, 
Capsula  cylindrica,  circiter  1.5  cm,  longa,  5  mm.  diam.,  glabra  v. 
sparse  glandulis  stipitatis  instructa,  pallida;  semina  cinnamomea,  2- 
2.5  mm.  longa,  utrinque  alata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets  covering  cliff,  rare,  alt. 
2800  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1350). 

This  pretty  and  distinct  species  is  apparently  most  nearly  related  to  R.  Souliei 
Franchet,  which  is  easily  distinguished  by  its  rather  large  membranous  calyx, 
differently  shaped  flowers  and  larger  leaves,  merely  pale  below.  It  may  also  be 
compared  with  R.  rotundifolium  David,  which  is  a  much  more  vigorous  species, 
easily  distinguished  by  its  totally  different  leaves  and  7-lobed  corolla.  This  new 
species  is  apparently  very  local,  occurring  only  in  isolated  places  on  the  cliffs  of 
Wa-shan. 

This  species  is  named  for  Mr.  J.  C.  Williams  of  Caerhays  Castle,  Cornwall, 
England,  the  first  amateur  to  appreciate  the  horticultural  value  of  the  Rhodo- 
dendrons of  western  China;  in  his  garden  the  best  collection  of  these  new  intro- 
ductions is  now  to  be  found. 

To  this  group  also  belong  the  following  species: 

Rhododendron  Purdomii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  robustus  ramulis  crassis  junioribus  puberulis;  gemmae  perulis  ovahbus 
V.  oblongis  puberulis  per  plures  annos  persistentibus.  Folia  coriacea,  oblongo- 
lanceolata  v.  oblonga,  acuta,  basi  cuneata,  margine  revoluta,  6-9  cm.  longa  et 
2.5-3.5  cm.  lata,  utrinque  glabra,  supra   laeta  viridia,  nitida,  leviter  rugulosa, 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  539 

subtus  pallidiora,  leviter  olevato-reticulata,  costa  media  supra  imprcssa  subtu3 
elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  10-12  supra  leviter  impressis  v.  fere  obsoletis  subtus 
leviter  elevatis;  petioli  crassi,  1-1.2  cm.  longi,  juniores  puberuli.  Flores  10-12  v. 
plures,  racemoso-umbellati;  rhachis  circiter  1  cm.  longa,  rufo-tomentosa;  pedicelli 
graciles,  1-1.6  cm.  longi,  tomento  villoso  cinereo-albido  dense  vestiti;  bracteae 
oblongo-obovatae  v.  oblanceolatae,  utrinque  villosae;  calyx  minutus,  cupularia, 
lobis  5,  late  triangularibus  acutis  1-1.5  mm.  longis  sparse  pubescentibus; 
corolla  campanulata,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  ac  lata,  5-loba,  lobis  rotundatis  circiter 
1  cm.  longis;  stamina  circiter  10,  corollam  subaequantia,  filamentis  2-2.5  cm. 
longis  dilatatis  supra  medium  villosis,  antheris  pallide  roseis;  ovarium  conicum, 
4-5  mm.  longum,  sparse  albido-villosum;  stylus  curvatus,  glaber,  stigmata  capi- 
tato.     Capsula  desideratur. 

Shensi:  Tai-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom  (No.  4). 

This  species  is  closely  related  to  R.  brachycarpum  G.  Don,  a  Japanese  species, 
which  has  rather  differently  shaped  leaves  white  or  dun-colored  on  the  under 
side,  a  more  elongated  inflorescence,  longer  pedicels  and  larger  flowers.  It  is  also 
related  to  R.  Przewalskii  Maximowicz  which  has  broader  leaves,  usually  subcor- 
date  at  the  base  and  covered  with  rufous  or  pale  tomentum  beneath,  glabrous 
pedicels  and  an  umbellate  inflorescence. 

This  species  is  named  for  William  Purdom,  in  charge  of  the  Arnold  Arboretum 
explorations  in  northern  China  during  the  years  1909,  1910  and  1911. 

Rhododendron  gymnanthum  Diels  in  Not.  Bot.  Gard.  Edinburgh,  V.  211  (PI, 
Chin.  Forrest.)  (1912). 

Yunnan:  Tse-kou,  valley  of  upper  Mekong  river,  T.  Monbeig  (No.  4). 

Our  specimens  differ  from  Diels'  description  in  the  longer  calyx-lobes,  in  the 
ovary  being  7-9  mm.  long,  and  in  the  partly  short-acuminate  leaves.  We  consider 
this  species  as  closely  related  to  R.  irrorattim  Franchet  and  possibly  some 
specimens  collected  in  Yunnan  by  A.  Henry  (Nos.  10275,  10853,  11066,  11067, 
11067'*)  and  referred  by  Hemsley  &  Wilson  {Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 
112)  to  R.  irroratum,  might  be  considered  as  constituting  a  pubescent  variety  of 
R.  gymnanthum.  In  his  original  description  of  that  species  {Bidl.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIV.  280)  Franchet  describes  the  under  surface  of  the  leaves  as  glaucous  and 
the  ovary  as  densely  clothed  with  brown  glands.  In  all  Henry's  specimens  the 
leaves  are  pale  green  below  and  the  ovary  is  not  glandular  but  densely  covered 
with  rufous-gray  tomentum.  In  No.  10853  the  ovary  is  very  sparsely  tomentose. 
The  figure  in  the  Botanical  Magazine  (LXX.  t.  7361)  of  R.  irroratum  agrees  with 
Franchet's  description  except  that  the  leaves  are  pale  green  below.  Possibly  the 
species  is  very  variable.  P^re  Monbeig's  specimen  is  glabrous  everywhere  save 
the  rhachis  of  the  inflorescence,  which  is  very  sparingly  puberulous  and  totally 
without  glands.  This  and  the  racemose-umbellate  inflorescence  readily  dis- 
tinguish it  from  the  R.  irroratum  Franchet,  and  from  the  specimens  of  Henry's 
cited  above. 

According  to  the  description  this  new  species  is  also  near  R.  lukiangense  Fran- 
chet which  has  persistent  bracts,  shorter  pedicels,  smaller,  differently  shaped 
flowers  and  inconspicuous  calyx-teeth. 

Group  f. 

Corolla  7-9-lobed  (5-lobed  in  the  preceding  groups  of  this  subgenus).  Leaves 
glabrous,  cordate  to  abruptly  contracted  at  the  base  (cuneate  in  a  variety  of 
R.  Fortund). 


540  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rhododendron  orbiculare  Decaisne  in  Fl.  des  Serres,  XXII.  169 
(1877).  — Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  108. 

Rhododendron  rotundifolium  David  in  Jour.  As.  Soc.  North  China  Branch,  VII. 
216  (nomen  nudum)  (1873).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6r.  2, 
X.  47  {PI.  David.  II.  85)  (1888).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II. 
483,  fig.  321  a  (1909). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands  and  thickets,  alt.  2600- 
3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3418,  in  part;  bush  1.5-4  m.  tall,  flowers 
deep  rose-red);  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3418,  in  part;  bush  1.5-4  m.  tall,  flowers 
rosy-red);  Tachien-lu,  woodlands,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  and  July  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3951). 

Though  the  leaves  of  this  species,  which  resemble  those  of  a  small-leaved  Nuphar, 
are  remarkably  distinct,  David's  words  "remarquable  par  ses  feuilles  rondes"  ia 
reference  to  his  R.  rotundifolium  can  hardly  be  considered  a  sufficient  description. 

Rhododendron  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Jour.  Bot.  IX.  390  (1895). — 
Bois  in  Jour.  Soc.  Hort.  France,  ser.  4,  I.  217,  fig.  24  (1900).  —  Hems- 
ley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  109.— Gard.  Chron. 
ser.  3,  LI.  252  (1912);  LII.  4,  fig.  4  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien  in  thickets  and  forests  of  Silver 
Fir,  alt.  2000-3000  m..  May  1907  (No.  3416;  bush  1-6  m.  tall,  flowers 
white  to  deep  rosy-red,  spotted);  Fang  Hsien,  woodlands  Sheng- 
teng-chia,  alt.  2650  m..  May  1907  (No.  3417;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers 
rosy-pink) ;  without  precise  locahty.  May  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1877). 

This  is  a  beautiful  and  distinct  species,  abundant  in  the  upper  woodlands  of 
north-western  Hupeh,  but  is  not  found  below  2000  m.;  the  flowers  vary  from  white 
to  deep  rosy-red  and  are  borne  in  compact  trusses  at  the  end  of  every  shoot. 

Rhododendron  oreodoxa  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  230  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  X.  46  {PL 
David.  II.  84)  (1888). 

Rhododendron  haematocheilon  Craib  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LIII.  214  (1913). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000 m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1211,  in  part;  bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  rose- 
pink);  same  locality,  October  1910  (No.  4260;  bush  2-3  m.  tall);  west 
and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  July  and 
October  1908  (No.  1211,  in  part;  bush  2-3  m.  tall);  Pan-lan-shan, 
west  of  Kuan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  October  1910 
(Nos.  4245,  4247;  shrub  2.5-3  m.  tall);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu, 
woodlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4271;  bush  1.5- 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  541 

2.5  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3100-3800  m.,  May  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3972  and  seed  No.  1541). 

Franchet  describes  the  pedicels  as  glabrous,  but  in  all  our  specimens  they  are 
glandular.  He  also  describes  the  corolla  as  8-lobed,  but  we  find  it  usually  7-lobed. 
The  crowded  sub-umbellate  inflorescence,  the  glabrous  style  and  ovary,  shorter 
leaves  usually  rounded  at  the  base  and  globose  winter-buds  distinguish  this  species 
from  R.  Davidii  Franchet. 

Rhododendron  Fortune!,  Lindley  in  Gard.  Chron.  1859,  868.  — 
Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  XCII.  t.  5596  (1866).  —  Maximowicz  in  Mem. 
Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petersbourg,  ser.  7,  XVI.  No.  IX.  21  (1870).  —  Hemsley 
in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  23  (1889).  —  Bean  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III. 
164  (1905).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  487,  fig.  322  g-i 
(1909).  — Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  109. 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  side  of  stream,  rare,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  1907  (No. 
i686;  bush  2  m.  tall). 

Here  belongs  the  following  variety: 

Rhododendron  Fortunei,  var.  Houlstonii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Rhododendron   Houlstonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in    Kew  Bull.  Misc.   Inform. 
1910,  110. 

Western  Hupeh:  without  precise  locality,  May  and  September  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  312,  609  in  part,  1077  fruit  only);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No. 
5354).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan  Hsien,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  609,  in  part;  bush  3  m.  tall,  flowers  rosy-pink). 

This  variety  is  distinguished  from  the  type  by  its  smaller,  narrower  leaves, 
usually  cuneate,  or  very  rarely  rounded  or  subcordate  at  the  base ;  more  glandular 
pedicels,  ovary  and  style  rather  smaller  and  slightly  and  somewhat  differently 
shaped  flowers.  All  the  Hupeh  specimens  we  have  seen  are  referable  to  this 
variety.  Both  in  their  number  and  length  the  glands  on  the  ovary  and  style  show 
much  variation.  Rhododendron  Houlstonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  was  founded  on 
specimens  with  very  long  etipitate  glands;  the  specimens  before  us  show  every 
gradation  from  these  etipitate  glands  to  sessile  glands.  It  is  possible  that  the 
Hupeh  form  is  scarcely  deserving  of  varietal  rank,  but  for  the  present  it  seems  to 
us  desirable  to  consider  it  as  a  variety. 

Rhododendron  decorum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
230  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  47  (PI.  David.  II. 
83)  (1888).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  22  (1889).  —  Diels 
in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  511  (1900).  —  Bean  in  Flora  &  Sijlva,  III.  163 
(1905).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  109. 

Rhododendron  lucidum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  300  (non  Nuttall)  (1895) 

—  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLVII.  121,  t.  (1910). 
Rhododendron  vernicosum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  XII.  258  (1898). 
Rhododendron  Spooneri  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 

110. 


542  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Western  Szech'uan :  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1209=^;  bush  2-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  pure  white); 
in  the  neighborhood  of  Taehien-lu,  thickets,  alt.  2600-3300  m.,  June 
and  September  1908  (No.  1209;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white  or 
pale  rosy-pink);  same  locality,  uplands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4257;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall);  same  locality,  alt.  2600-3600  m., 
June  and  October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3975  and  seed  No.  1782). 
Yunnan:  Mengtze,  grassy  mountains,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  9155,  9155^). 

Rhododendron  decorum  is  one  of  the  most  widely  distributed  of  the  Chinese  Rho- 
dodendrons and  with  the  material  before  us  we  cannot  distinguish  it  from  the  plants 
here  considered  to  be  the  same.  The  Tachien-lu  form  on  which  R.  Spooneri  Hemsley 
&  Wilson  was  based,  has  smaller  loaves  than  the  type,  but  there  are  many  inter- 
mediate forms.  Rhododendron  lucidum  Franchet  is  identical  with  R.  Spooneri.  The 
thick,  coriaceous,  shining  leaves,  more  straggling  habit  and  unspotted  flowers  chiefly 
distinguish  this  species  from  R.  Fortunei  Lindley. 

Group  g. 
Corolla  7-9-lobed.    Leaves  glabrous,  cuneate  at  the  base. 

Rhododendron  discolor  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  391  (1895).  — 
Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  112. 

Rhododendron  mandarinorum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  510  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  woodlands,  alt. 
1600-2150  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  586,  in  part;  bush  2-4  m. 
tall,  flowers  white  to  rosy-pink);  Changlo  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600- 
2300  m.,  June  1907  (No.  586,  in  part;  bush  3  m.  tall,  flowers  pink); 
Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2150  m.,  June  1907  (No.  586,  in 
part;  bush  3-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands, 
alt.  1500-2000  m..  May  1907  (No.  586,  in  part;  bush  2.5-4  m.  tall, 
flowers  deep  pink  with  dark  blotch);  without  precise  locality,  June 
and  October  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  2154,  1077;  flowers  only). 
Szech'uan:  south  Wushan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-1800  m.,  June 
1907  (No.  586,  in  part;  bush  2-5  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Nanch'uan, 
A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2156). 

This  is  the  common  Rhododendron  of  the  woods  up  to  alt.  2300  m.  in  western 
Hupeh.  The  larger,  triangular  calyx-lobes,  larger,  differently  shaped  flowers  and 
narrower,  usually  acute  leaves  distinguish  it  from  the  closely  related  R.  Fortunei 
Lindley.  The  pedicels  are  usually  glabrous  but  occasionally  sparsely  glandular 
as  they  are  described  in  R.  mandarinorum  Diels  and  we  can  find  no  character  by 
which  to  separate  this  latter  plant  from  the  typical  R.  discolor  Franchet. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  543 

Rhododendron  Davidii  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
230  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  45,  t.  11  {PI.  David. 
XL  85,  t.  11)  (1888).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  485, 
fig.  320  f-g,  321  g  (1909).  — Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  113. 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  3300 
m.,  June  1908  (No.  3415;  bush  1-4  m.  tall,  flowers  bright  rosy-red); 
Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4261 ;  bush 
3-4  m.  tall);  without  precise  locahty,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  May  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3978). 

The  elongated  rhachis  of  the  inflorescence,  glandular  ovary,  longer  leaves,  acute 
or  shortly  acuminate  and  cuneate  at  the  base,  and  ovoid  acutish  winter-buds 
distinguish  this  from  the  closely  related  R.  oreodoxa  Franchet. 

Rhododendron  Openshawianum  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  6-metralis  ramulis  crassis  virescentibus  initio  tomento 
floccoso  cinereo-albido  vestitis  vetustioribus  pallide  brunneis ;  gemmae 
ovatae,  obtusae,  perulis  basalibus  longe  aristatis.  Folia  tenuiter 
coriacea,  oblongo-oblanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  margine 
leviter  revoluta,  10-15  cm.  longa  et  2-3.5  cm.  lata,  utrinque  glabra, 
supra  obscure  viridia,  subtus  pallidiora,  reticulata,  costa  media  supra 
impressa  subtus  elevata,  nervis  utrinsecus  12-14  supra  leviter  im- 
pressis  subtus  leviter  elevatis;  petioH  crassi,  8-12  mm.  longi,  supra 
plani,  initio  praecipue  subtus  floccoso-tomentosi  ut  costa  media  in 
parte  inferiore.  Flores  ignoti.  Fructus  8-10,  umbellato-racemosi; 
rhachis  1.5-2  cm.  longa,  sparse  villosa;  pedicelli  crassi,  3-4.5  cm. 
longi,  erecto  patentes,  glabri;  capsula  oblongo-ovoidea,  apice  fere 
truncata,  2.5-3  cm.  longa  et  1-1,2  cm.  diam.,  glabra,  multilocularis, 
stylo  persistente  circiter  3  cm.  longo,  stigmate  magno  applanato; 
calyx  annularis,  dentibus  5  minutis,  glaber;  semina  oblonga,  3-3.5  mm. 
longa,  flavido-brunnea,  utrinque  alata. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yung-chingHsien,Wa-wu-shan,  woodlands, 
alt.  2300-2800  m.,  September  12,  1908  (No.  3414). 

The  smaller,  long-acuminate  leaves,  and  short,  thick,  oblong-ovoid  fruits  suf- 
ficiently distinguish  this  species  from  its  nearest  relatives  R.  calophyium  Franchet 
and  R.  sutchuenense  Franchet. 

It  is  named  for  the  Rev.  Harry  Openshaw  of  the  American  Baptist  Mission, 
Yachou  Fu,  western  Szech'uan,  who  on  several  occasions  during  the  year  1908 
rendered  valuable  services  to  the  Arboretum  Expedition. 


544  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Rhododendron  sutchuenense  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  392 
(1895).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910, 112.  — 
Hemsley  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVII.  t.  8362  (1911). —  Schneider,  III. 
Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  1045,  fig.  615  f-g.  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2500  m..  May  1907 
(No.  509,  in  part;  bush  6  m.  tall,  head  4  m.  through,  flowers  rose  with 
dark  blotch);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  2000-2500  m..  May  1907 
(No.  509,  in  part;  bush  6  m.  and  more  tall,  flowers  rose-pink  with  dark 
blotch) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600-2200  m.,  May  and  October 

1907  (No.  509,  in  part;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-red  with  dark 
blotch);  without  precise  locality,  April  and  September  1900  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  17,  2537);  without  locaHty,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5285,  6914). 

This  species  has  larger  flowers  and  leaves  and  grows  to  a  greater  size  than  any 
other  species  found  in  western  Hupeh.  It  is  very  common  in  the  woods  throughout 
the  north-west  parts  of  the  province,  but  is  rare  south  of  the  Yangtsze  river.  Its 
short  pedicels  and  larger,  differently  shaped  flowers  distinguish  it  from  its  near 
relative  R.  calophytuin  Franchet. 

Rhododendron  calophytum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  230  (1886);  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  45  {PI. 
David.  II.  83)  (1888).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  112. 

Western  Szech'uan:   Wa-shan,   woods,    alt.    3000   m.,  October 

1908  (No.  1224;  bush  6  m.  tall);  same  locaHty,  woodlands,  alt.  2600- 
3000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  1367,  in  part;  bush  6  m.  tall,  flowers  rose- 
red,  pedicels  scarlet);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3150  m.,  June  and 
November  1908  (No.  1367,  in  part;  tree  6-15  m.  tall,  1-2  m.  girth, 
flowers  rosy-pink,  pedicels  scarlet) ;  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  forests, 
alt.  2800-3150  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4279;  tree  6-15  m.  tall,  0.5-2  m. 
girth) ;  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2300-3000  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3979). 

The  species  is  common  in  the  forests  of  western  Szech'uan,  usually  forming  a 
tree  and  growing  to  a  larger  size  than  any  other  Rhododendron  found  in  that  region. 
The  bark  is  cinnamon-red  passing  to  pale  brown  with  age.  The  long  scarlet  pedicels 
add  greatly  to  the  beauty  of  the  flowers  which  are  borne  in  large  loose  trusses.  This 
species  is  very  constant  and  we  can  find  no  variations  beyond  those  of  size.  A  picture 
of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  No.  0265  of  Wilson's  collection  of  photographs. 

Group  h. 
Corolla  7-9-lobed.    Leaves  tomentose  or  villose  beneath. 

Rhododendron  auriculatum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  20 
(1889).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  108. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  545 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods  around  Sheng-teng-ehia, 
alt.  2000-2300  m.,  May  1907  (No.  3427,  in  part;  bush  4-6  m.  tall); 
Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1800-2000  m.,  April  1907  (No. 
3427,  in  part;  bush  4  m.  tall);  without  precise  locality,  July  1901 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  1467). 

This  magnificent  plant  is  scattered  through  the  woods  of  western  Hupeh,  but 
is  nowhere  common.  The  flowers  are  white  or  rosy-red,  and  do  not  open  until  July; 
it  is  the  latest  of  all  the  Hupeh  species  to  flower. 

Rhododendron  lacteum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  XXXIII. 
231  (1886).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  26  (1889).— 
Bean  in  Flora  &  Sijlva,  III.  104  (1905).  —  Hemsley  in  Bot.  Mag. 
CXXXVII.  t.  8372  (1911).  — Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  II. 
1046,  fig.  615  d-e  (1912).  —  Diels  in  Not.  Bot.  Gard.  Edinburgh,  V.  215 
{PI.  Chin.  Forrest.)  (1912).  —  Mottet  in  Rev.  Hort.  1912,  375,  fig. 
127,  t. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-pao-shan,  woodlands, 
alt.  2600  m.,  September  16,  1908  (No.  3431;  bush  5-6  m.  tall);  west 
of  Kuan  Hsien,  Fan-lan-shan,  woods,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  October 
1910  (No.  4254;  tree  5-8  m.  tall,  rare). 

This  species  has  not  previously  been  reported  from  Szech'uan.  Our  specimens 
which  are  in  ripe  fruit  only,  appear  to  be  identical  with  Franchet's  plant.  The  unde- 
scribed  fruit  of  this  species  is  cylindrical,  4-4.5  cm.  long,  8-10  mm.  wide,  furrowed, 
sparsely  pubescent,  8-10-celled.  Seeds  fusiform,  3.5-5  mm.  long,  blackish-brown 
with  yellowish  wing.    Some  of  the  pedicels  on  our  specimens  are  0.6  cm.  long. 

Of  the  species  known  from  Szech'uan  R.  lacleum  is  only  exceeded  in  size  by  R. 
calophytum  Franchet. 

Rhododendron  Watsonii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1910,  112. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, alt.  2600-3300  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1206;  bush 
3-6  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Mupin,  woodlands,  alt.  2600-3000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4259;  bush  3-5  m.  tall);  south-east  of  Sungpan 
Ting,  forests,  alt.  4000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4244;  bush  2-2.5  m. 
tall);  same  locality  and  date  (No.  4251;  tree  8-10  m.  tall,  about  60 
cm.  girth);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  3000-3800  m..  May  and 
October  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3904,  type). 

Nos.  4251  and  4244  have  more  slender  fruit  than  the  type;  in  No.  4251  the  leaves 
are  white  on  the  under  side. 


546  WILSON   EXPEDITION    TO    CHINA 


Subgen.  III.     AZALEA  Planch. 

Leaves  never  lepidote,  usually  pubescent  or  setosely  hairy,  sometimes  glabrous, 
usually  deciduous,  rarely  persistent.  Ovary  usually  densely  setose,  never  lepidote ; 
corolla  5-lobed,  stamens  5-10. 


Sect.  1.    Chionastrum  Franch. 

Flowers  from  axillary  buds  crowded  at  the  end  of  the  branches;  corolla  funnel- 
form  with  a  long  tube;  stamens  10,  exserted;  ovary  glabrous  or  hairy.  Fruit 
cyUndric.    Leaves  glabrous,  persistent. 

Rhododendron  stamineum  Franchet  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France, 
XXXIII.  236  (1886).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  29 
(1889).  —  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  X.  1910,  116. 

Rhododendron  pittosporaefoUum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI .  29  (1889) .  — 

Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  515  (1900).  —  Bean  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  164 

(1905). 
Rhododendron  aucuhaefolium  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  19  (1889), 

quoad  flores;  folia  ad   Daphniphyllum  macropodum  pertinent.  —  Bean  in 

Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  162  (1905). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
May  and  November  1907  (No.  567;  bush  3-6  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  spotted  yellow,  fragrant,  the  lobes  of  the  corolla  reflexed); 
Chien-shi  Hsien,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  758) ;  without  precise 
locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5787,  6432,  4031).  Western  Szech'uan: 
woodlands,  Wa-shan,  alt.  1600-1800  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3470;  bush 
5-8  m.  tall,  flowers  blush);  Mt.  Omei,  woodlands,  alt.  1600-2000  m., 
October  1910  (No.  4268;  bush  2.5-3  m.  tall);  same  locality,  May  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  5140),  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  430). 

Although  nowhere  really  common  this  is  a  widely  distributed  species,  and  is  gen- 
erally found  in  rocky,  shady  ravines.  The  very  long  exserted  stamens  readily 
distinguish  it  from  its  near  relatives. 


Sect.  2.    AzALEASTRUM  Plauch. 

Flowers  from  axillary  buds  hke  those  of  the  preceding  section;  corolla  rotate; 
stamens  5-10,  shorter  than  the  corolla.    Leaves  persistent  or  deciduous,  glabrous. 

Rhododendron  ovatum  Planchon  in  Rev.  Hort.  1854,  43.  — 
Maximowicz  in  Mem.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  ser.  7,  XVI.  No.  IX. 
45  (1870).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  28  (1889).— 
Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  120. 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  547 

Azalea  ovata  Lindley  in  Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  London,  I.  149  (1846).  —  Fortune  in 
Jour.  Hort.  Soc.  London,  II.  126,  t.  2  (1847).  —  Hooker  in  Bot.  Mag. 
LXXXIV.  t.  5064  (1858). 

Azalea  myrtijolia  Champion  in  Bot.  Mag.  LXXVII.  sub.  t.  4609  (1851). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands  and  cliffs,  alt. 
1600-2300  m.,  May  and  November  1907  (No.  1391;  bush  2-2.25  m., 
flowers  pale  pink);  same  locality,  May  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  719); 
without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  5278).  Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets, 
alt.  1300  m.,  July  28,  1907  (No.  1690;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  abundant). 
Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor.  Fokien:  with- 
out locality,  Dunn's  Exped.,  April  to  June  1905  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard. 
Hongkong,  No.  2880). 

This  is  a  not  uncommon  species  in  Hupeh,  but  has  not  been  reported  from  farther 
west. 

Sect.  3.     TsuTSUTSi  G.  Don  {Tsusia  Planch.) 

Flowers  from  a  terminal  bud,  leafy  shoots  from  the  axils  of  the  lower  scales  of 
the  same  bud;  stamens  5-10;  ovary  setose.  Leaves  deciduous  or  persistent,  hairy, 
rarely  glabrous. 

Rhododendron  indicum  (Linnaeus)  Sweet,  var.  ignescens  Sweet  in 
Brit.  Fl.  Gard.  ser.  2,  II.  t.  128  (1833). 

Azalea  indica  Sims  in  Bot.  Mag.  XXXVI.  t.  1480  (1812). 

Rhododendron  indicum,  var.  puniceum  Sweet  Brit.  Fl.  Gard.  ser.  2,  II.  sub.  t. 

128  (1833).  —  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VII.  726  (1838). 
Rhododendron  Simsii  Planchon  in  Fl.  des  Serr.  IX.  78  (1853). 
Rhododendron  Calleryi  Planchon  in  Fl.  des  Serr.  IX.  81  (1853). 
Rhododendron  indicum,   var.  Simsii  Maximowicz    in    Mem.    Acad.  Sci.    St. 

Petersbourg,  ser.  7,  XVII.  No.  IX.  38  (1870).  — Franchet  in  £u«.  Soc.  Bot. 

France,  XXXIII.  235  (1886). 
Azalea  indica,  var.  Simsii  Rehder  in  Bailey,  Cycl.  Amer.  Hort.  I.  122  (1900). 

Kiangsi :  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  abundant,  July  28,  1907 
(No.  1682;  bush  1-2  m.).  Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1000-1800  m.,  May  14  and  December  1907  (No.  569; 
bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  scarlet);  Changlo  Hsien,  cliffs,  alt.  600- 
1300  m..  May  1907  (No.  3472;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  scarlet); 
Changyang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m..  May  and  November  1907 
(No.  3473 ;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  scarlet) ;  north  and  south  of  Ichang, 
thickets,  dry  woods  and  cliffs,  alt.  30-1300  m.,  May  and  November 
1907  (No.  3474;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  scarlet);  "  Kao-hicn-scian," 
alt.  800  m..  May  1907,  C.  Silvestri  (No.  1701).  Western  Szech'uan  : 
Kiating  Fu,  red-sandstone  hills,  alt.  300-800  m..  May  1908  (No. 
3475;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  scarlet);  Mt.  Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch 


548  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

Exped.  No.  5143);  without  locality,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (No.  2148). 
Yunnan:  Mi-le,  forests,  A.  Henry  (No.  9900");  Mengtze,  grassy 
mountains,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9900^,  9900=);  Szemao,  alt. 
1600  m.,  ^.  i/enr?/ (No.  9900^^).  Kwangtung:  Hongkong,  Happy 
Valley,  November  5,  1903,  C.  S.  Sargent.  Chekiang:  Chusan 
Islands,  Pootoo,  Faber. 

This  plant  is  abundant  in  western  Hupeh  and  in  Szech'uan  up  to  1500  m.  alti- 
tude, where  in  May  the  thin,  dry  woods,  cliffs  and  dry  thickets  are  commonly  a 
blaze  of  scarlet  from  its  flowers.  Our  specimens  show  considerable  variation  in  the 
size  of  the  leaves  but  their  size  depends  on  altitude.  At  a  low  altitude  the  leaves 
are  large  and  are  all  persistent,  while  at  the  upper  Umits  of  the  species  the 
leaves  are  very  much  reduced  in  size  and  are  more  or  less  deciduous.  A  colloquial 
name  for  this  shrub  is  "  Yin-shan-hung." 

Rhododendron  Mariesii  Hemsley  &  Wilson  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc. 
Inform.  1907,  244.  —  Hutchinson  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXIV.  t.  8206 
(1908).  — Schneider,  7//.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  496  (1909). 

Rhododendron  Weyrichii  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  32  (non  Maxi- 

mowicz)  (1889). 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,  var.  leucotrichum  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  394 

(1895).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  513  (1900). 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,  var.  Weyrichii  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  513  (1900). 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,  var.  mediocre  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  514  (1900). 
Rhododendron  rhombicum  Diels  in   Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.   514   (non   Miquel) 

(1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  dry  woods  and 
cliffs,  alt.  300-1300  m..  May  1907  (No.  6o6,  in  part;  erect  growing 
bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-pink,  abundant);  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
woods  and  cliffs,  alt.  300-1300  m.,  May  and  November  1907  (No. 
6o6,  in  part;  erect  bush,  leaves  deciduous,  1-2.5  m.  tall,  common); 
without  precise  locality,  April  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  29,  type),  A. 
Henry,  Nos.  3829,  5274.  Kiangsi:  Kuling,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m., 
July  29,  1907  (No.  i68i;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  abundant).  Fokien: 
without  locality,  Dunn's  Exped.,  April  to  June  1905  (Herb.  Bot. 
Gard.  Hongkong,  No  2882). 

This  and  Rhododendron  sinense  Sweet  are  the  only  deciduous  leaved  species 
reported  from  central  and  western  China.  In  the  Fokien  specimens  the  pubescence 
is  rufous-gray;  on  the  specimen  from  Kiangsi  both  white  and  rufous-gray  pubes- 
cence occur  on  the  same  branch. 

Rhododendron  Mariesii  Hemsley  &  Wilson,  with  R.  rhombicum  Miquel,  R. 
dilatatum  Miquel,  R.  Schlippenbachii  Maximowicz,  R.  Weyrichii  Maximowicz  and 
R.  quinqueloculare  Moore  &  Bisset  must  be  placed  in  the  section  Tsutsutsi,  as  in 
all  these  species  the  young  shoots  spring  from  the  axils  of  the  lower  scales  of  the 
same  terminal  bud  as  the  flowers,  while  in  Euasalea  they  spring  from  separate 


ERICACEAE.  —  RHODODENDRON  549 

axillary  buds  below  tho  torminal  bud  which  produces  only  flowers.  All  these  species 
form  a  very  well-marked  group,  different  from  the  group  which  is  composed  of  R. 
indicum  Sweet  and  its  allies,  and  are  easily  distinguished  even  without  flowers  by 
the  arrangement  of  the  leaves  which  form  whorls  of  3-5  leaves  at  the  end  of  the 
branchlets;  on  vigorous  branches  sometimes  a  few  leaves  also  appear  below  the 
terminal  whorl  and  these  are  arranged  in  pairs,  but  not  opposite,  and  bear  no 
axillary  buds. 

Rhododendron  Albrechtii  Maximowicz,  which  is  usually  considered  as  closely 
related  to  R.  Schlippenbachii  belongs  to  the  following  section. 

Sect.  4.    Pentanthera  G.  Don  (Euazalea  Maxim.). 

Flowers  from  a  terminal  bud;  leafy  shoots  from  separate  axillary  buds  below; 
stamens  5;  ovary  setose.    Leaves  deciduous,  more  or  less  hairy. 

As  the  sectional  name  Eii-azalea  is  of  more  recent  date  and  implies  that  this  sec- 
tion contains  the  type  of  the  genus  Azalea  which  is  not  the  case,  it  cannot  be  used 
for  it. 

Rhododendron  sinense  Sweet,  Brit.  Fl.  Gard.  ser.  1,  III.  sub.  t.  290 
(1829).  — Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  XCVII.  t.  5905  (1871).  —  Hance 
in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  109  (1878).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXVI.  30  (1889),  quoad  plantam  sinensem.  —  Suringar  in  Gartenfl. 
LVII.  516  (1908).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  497,  fig. 
329  a-b  (1911). 

Azalea  sinensis  Loddiges,  Bot.  Cab.  IX.  t.  885  (1824).  —  De  Candolle,  Prodr. 

VII.  718  (1883). 
Azalea  mollis  Blume,  Bijdr.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  853  (1825). 
Rhododendron  sinense,  var.  flavescens  Sweet,  Brit.  Flow.  Gard.  ser.  1,  III.  t.  290 

(1829). 
Azalea  pontica  Linnaeus,  var.  sinensis  Lindlej'',  Bot.  Reg.  XV.  t.  1253  (1829). 
Rhododendron  molle  G.  Don,  Gen.  Syst.  III.  846  (1834).  — Siebold  &  Zucca- 
rini  in  Abh.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV.  pt.  III.  131  {Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  131) 
(1846). 

Western  Hupeh :  near  Ichang,  conglomerate  hills  and  pine  woods, 
alt.  30-300  m.,  April  24,  1907  and  February  18,  1908  (No.  8oo;  bush 
0.5-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  golden  yellow);  without  locality,  A.  Henry 
(No.  268).     Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor. 

This  plant  is  rare  in  the  neighborhood  of  Ichang  and  has  not  been  reported  from 
Szech'uan.  The  colloquial  name  is  "  Lao-hu  hwa "  ;  it  is  the  Yang-chih-chu  of 
Chinese  books.  The  aWicd  Rhododendron  japonicum Sunngar  {Azalea  japonicaGTAV, 
R.  molle  Miquel,  not  G.  Don,  nor  Siebold  &  Zuccarini),  which  is  often  referred  to 
this  species,  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  leaves  being  only  pilose  on  the  veins 
beneath,  by  the  glabrous  winter-buds,  the  longer  and  narrower  calyx-lobes  and  by 
the  stamens  being  shorter  than  the  carmine  or  brick-red  corolla. 


550  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 


ENKIANTHUS  Lour. 

Enkianthus  quinqueflorus  Loureiro,  Fl.  Cochin.  277  (1790).  —  Sims 
in  Bot.  Mag.  XL.  t.  1649  (1814).  —  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XI.  t.  884 
(1825).  — Decaisne  in  Rev.  Hort.,  1849,  221,  fig.  12.  —  Bentham,  Fl. 
Hongk.  200  (1861).— Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVL  18  (1889).— 
Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.,  ser.  3,  XLI.  344  (1907).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher 
in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add.  ser.  X.  154  {Fl.  Kwangtung  & 
Hongkong  (1912). 

Melidora  pellucida  Noronha  apud  Salisbury  in  Trans.   Hort.  Soc.  Lond.  II. 

156  (1822). 
Enkianthus  reticulatus  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XI.  t.  885  (1825).  —  De  CandoUe 

Prodr.  VII.  732  (1839). 
Enkianthus  uniflorus  Bentham  in  Hooker's  Jour.  Bot.  I.  489  (1842). 
Native  of  Hongkong  and  south-eastern  China  where  it  is  also  commonly  cul- 
tivated. 

Enkianthus  quinqueflorus,  var.  serrulatus  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron. 
ser.  3,  XLL  344  (1907). 

Enkianthus  serrulatus  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  519  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Patung,  woodlands,  alt.  1900  m.,  April  25, 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  92,  type;  tree  6  m.  tall,  flowers  white). 
Eastern  Szech'uan :  south  Wushan,  sheltered  ravines,  alt.  1300  m., 
December  1907  (No.  770;  bush  or  small  tree  1-8  m.  tall);  without  lo- 
cality, A.  Henry  (No.  5475).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountains  south 
of,  forests,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  11009). 

Not  common.  We  cannot  follow  Schneider  in  considering  this  a  distinct  species. 
All  the  differences  are  in  the  leaves. 

Enkianthus  deflexus  Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Lauhholzk.  IL  521 
(1911). 

Rhodora  deflexa  Griffith,  Posth.  Papers  {Itin.  Notes)  II.  148,  No.  969  (1848). 

Enkianthus  himalaicus  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Hooker's  Kew  Jour.  Bot.  VII. 
125,  t.  3  (1855).  —  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CV.  t.  6460  (1879).  — Clarke  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  461  (1882).  —  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3, 
XLI.  344  (1907). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  on  cliffs,  alt.  2300-3300  m.,  June 
and  October  1908  (No.  1155;  bush  2-6  m.,  flowers  orange  and  gold  to 
salmon-red);  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  rocky  places,  alt.  1600- 
2600  m.,  May  1908  (No.  3550;  bush  2-4  m.,  flowers  orange  and  yellow) ; 
Mupin,  cliffs,  alt.  2500-3300  m.,  July  1908  (No.  3551;  bush  3-6  m.  tall, 


ERICACEAE.  —  CASSIOPE  551 

flowers  deep  salmon-red);  same  locality,  alt.  3300  m.,  October  1910 
(No.  4336;  bush  3-6  m.,  autumn  tints  golden  to  crimson);  without 
precise  locality,  woods,  alt.  2600-3G00  m.,  July  and  November  1903 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  3912);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  A.  E.  Pratt  (No.  8). 

One  of  the  commonest  and  most  beautiful  shrubs  in  western  Szech'uan.  It  is 
very  variable  in  every  way  but  the  leaves  are  always  more  or  less  pubescent  on  the 
under  side. 

Enkianthus  chinensis  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  371  (1895).  —^  ^  .(^M< 
Wilson   in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLI.  363  (1907). —  Schneider,  III  ^'^""^ 

Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  521  (1911). 

Enkianthus  himalaicus,  var.  chinensis  Diels  in  Bot.  Jnhrb.  XXIX.  508  (1900). 
Enkianthus  Rosthornii  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  509  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woodland-cliffs,  alt.  1600-2600  m., 
May  and  September  1907  (No.  3548;  bush  2-6  m.  erect-growing); 
Patung  Hsien,  rocky  places,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May  and  November 
1907  (No.  3549;  bush  1-6  m.  tall,  flowers  salmon);  Hsing-shan  Hsien, 
cliffs,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  June  1907  (No.  3547;  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers 
salmon-red);  Patung,  May  1901  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1002);  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  6612,  6277).  Szech'uan :  Nanch'uan,  A.  von 
Rosthorn  (No.  2080).  Nanch'uan:  Chao-chia-ai,  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  1053,  type  of  E.  Rosthornii  Diels). 

This  is  a  fairly  common  shrub  in  western  Hupeh.    The  leaves  are  very  variable,    <^,Vfvv«^f*^ 
but  its  glabrous  character  and  larger  fruits  easily  distinguish  this  species  from  it3  --. 

nearest  relation,  E.  deflexus  Schneider.     On  No.  3547  some    of   the    leaves   are   -•*-<**^w*-«*  ' 
identical  with  those  of  E.  Rosthornii  Diels,  while  others  on  the  same  branch  agree 
with  those  of  the  plant  Diels  has  referred  to  E.  himalaicus,  var.  chinensis.    With 
the  material  before  us  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  these  forms  are  all  referable 
to  one  species. 

CASSIOPE  D.Don 

Cassiope  selaginoides  Hooker  f .  &  Thomson  in  Hooker's  Kew  Jour. 
Bot.  VII.  126,  t.  4  (1855).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III. 
460  (1882).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  16  (1889).— 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  515  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  neighborhood  of  Tachien-lu,  beneath  Rho- 
dodendrons, alt.  3600-4500  m.,  July  and  October  1908  (No.  1182; 
flowers  pure  white,  abundant);  same  locality,  alt.  4000-4500,  m. 
October  1910  (No.  4377;  shrub  10-25  cm.  tall);  without  locality,  alt. 
4000-4300  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3912);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (No.  8871). 


552  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Abundant  under  Rhododendron  bushes  on  the  alpine  moorlands  near  Tachien- 
lu.  A  picture  of  this  species  will  be  found  under  No.  205  of  the  collection  of 
Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  No.  145. 


Pieris  ovalifolia  D.  Don  in  Edinh.  Phil  Jour.  XVII.  159  (1834).  — 
De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VII.  599  (1839).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl. 
Brit.  Ind.  III.  460  (1882).  —  Leveille  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII. 
204  (1906). 

Andromeda  ovalifolia  Wallich  in  As.  Research.  XIII.  391,  fig.  (1820);  Cat.  No. 

763  (1828).  — D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  148  (1825).  —  Wight,  Icon.  IV. 

t.  1199  (1850). 
Lyonia  ovalifolia  Drude  in  Engler  &  Prantl,  Nat.  Pflanzenfam.  IV.  pt.  I.  44 

(1889). 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountains  northwards,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  9091,  9091^  9091",  9091',  in  part);  Szemao,  mountains,  alt. 
1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9091',  in  part). 

Pieris  ovalifolia,  var.  lanceolata  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind. 
III.  461  (1882).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  17  (1889).  — 
L^veill^  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LIII.  204  (1906). 

Andromeda  lanceolata  Wallich  in  As.  Research.  XIII.  390,  fig.  (1820).  —  Wight 

Icon.  IV.  t.  1198  (1850). 
Andromeda  squamulosa  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  149  (1825). 
Pieris  lanceolata  D.  Don  in  Edinb.  Phil.  Jour.  XVII.  159  (1834).  —  De  Can- 

dolle,  Prodr.  VII.  599  (1839).  —  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  12  (1878). 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  woods,  alt.  2300- 
3000  m.,  June  and  October  1908  (No.  1240;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers 
white);  Tung  Valley,  alt.  1000-1900  m..  May  and  July  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  Nos.  3920,  3921^).  Yunnan :  vicinity  of  Mengtze,  alt.  1600- 
1800  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9623%  10510,  10510%  10510",  11268). 

This  is  a  common  plant  in  dry  woodlands  throughout  western  China.     The 
large,  greenish-colored  sepals  and  the  leaves  narrowed  at  the  base  distinguish  this 
variety  from  the  type.    The  same  characters  and  the  much  more  coriaceous  leaves 
distinguish  it  from  the  more  widely  distributed  var.  elliptica. 
y./'.-;      .,    •     ■'  •    .  -  ■  :      •  ■•  .r-  ■  ,    , 

Pieris  ovalifolia,  var.  elliptica  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Andromeda  elliptica  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad.  Miinch.  IV.  pt.  III.  126 
{Fl.  Jap.  Fam.  Nat.  II.  2)  (1846).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II. 
532,  fig.  346  p-r,  347  e-g  (1911). 

Andromeda  ovalifolia  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  Petersbourg  XVIII.  50 
(non  WaUich)  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  620  (1872). 


ERICACEAE.  —  PIERIS  553 

Pieris  ovalifolia  Hemsley  in  Jortr.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  17  (non  D.  Don)  (1889).  — 

Diels  in  Bot.    Jahrb.   XXIX.   515   (1900).  —  Shirasawa,    Icon.   Ess.  For. 

Jap.  II.  t.  60  (1908).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Injorm.  add. 

ser.  X.  154  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hongkong)  (1912). 
Lyonia  ovalifolia  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  683  (non 

Drude)  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh :  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  thickets  and  wood- 
lands, alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  and  October  1907  (No.  492;  bush  2-3 
m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Patung  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-1600  m., 
July  1907  (No.  492'';  bush  2-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Fang  Hsien, 
thickets,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  July  and  November,  1907  (No.  3188; 
bush  2-3  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Changyang  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt. 
1300-1600  m.,  June  and  November  (No.  3189;  bush  1.5-3  m.  tall, 
flowers  white);  without  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1041, 
1093);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  5806%  6128,  7432). 
Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woods,  alt,  1300-2000  m.,  July  and  October 
1908  (No.  1157;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  west  and  near 
Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2300  m.,  July  and  November  1908 
(No.  1240*;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Mupin,  woodlands, 
alt.  2000  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3190;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white); 
Mt.  Omei,  June  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  5137),  A.  von  Rosthorn 
(No.  2138'*).  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9091,  9091''). 
Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor;  near  Han-chow, 
June  1907,  F.  N.  Meyer  (No.  396). 

This  is  one  of  the  commonest  shrubs  in  thickets  and  the  margins  of  pine  and  oak 
woods  preferring  rather  dry  exposed  situations.  The  smaller  fruits  and  thinner 
leaves  distinguish  this  plant  from  the  type.  In  all  other  characters  it  is  variable. 
The  Japanese  form  has  usually  shorter  racemes. 

Pieris  villosa  Hooker  f.  apud  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl  Brit.  Ind.  III. 
461  (1882).  —  Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXIX.  476  (1911). 
Andromeda  villosa  WaUich,  Cat.  No.  762  (nomen  nudum)  (1828). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
June  1908  (No.  3192;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Tachien-lu, 
thickets,  alt.  2300-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3193;  bush  2-4  m.  tall, 
flowers  white);  north-east  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  3000-3300  m.,  July  7, 
1908  (No.  3194;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  without  precise 
locahty,  woods,  alt.  3300-3700  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3922);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  A.  E.  Pratt  (Nos.  189,  475). 

Common  as  an  undergrowth  in  pine  woods. 


554  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Pieris  villosa,  var.  pubescens  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Pieris  ovalifolia,  var.  pubescens  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s6t.  2, 
X.  44  {PI.  David.  II.  82)  (1887). 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  alt.  2000 

m.,  July  1908  (No.  3191;  bush  1  m.  tall,  flowers  white). 

This  variety  is  chiefly  distinguished  from  the  type  by  its  pubescent  ovary.  Our 
specimen  differs  from  Franchet's  description  in  the  glabrescent  calyx;  in  the  speci- 
mens of  typical  P.  villosa  the  calyx  is  rather  densely  pubescent,  but  the  ovary  ia 
glabrous;  this  separates  Franchet's  variety  from  typical  Pieris  villosa. 


GAULTHERIA  L. 

Gaultheria  Veitchiana  Craib  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  LII.  188  (1912). 

Gaultheria  fragrantissima,  var.  hirsuta  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris, 
ser.  2,  X.  44  {PI.  David.  II.  82)  (non  Clarke)  (1887). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2300-2800  m.,  June 
to  August  1908  (No.  829;  decumbent  shrub,  0.3-1  m.  tall,  flowers 
white,  fruit  indigo  blue);  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  thickets,  alt. 
2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  829=^) ;  Ching-chi  Hsien,  Ta-hsiang-ling,  alt. 
2600-3000  m.,  August  1908  (No.  829^';  shrub  0.3-0.75  m.  tall);  west 
of  Kuan  Hsien,  summit  of  Niu-tou-shan,  alt.  3300  m.,  June  20,  1908 
(No.  2712;  shrub  20-30  cm.  tall,  flowers  white);  without  precise 
locality,  alt.  2000-3300  m.,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3916, 
type). 

This  species  is  widely  distributed  in  western  Szech'uan,  growing  on  most  moun- 
tain-sides, margins  of  woods  and  thickets.  Usually  the  branches  are  prostrate  or 
nearly  so,  but  occasionally  it  forms  a  bush  3  ft.  tall.  In  No.  2712  all  the  flowers 
are  globose  in  shape,  but  otherwise  agree  with  those  of  the  type.  Gaultheria 
Veitchiana  is  a  very  charming  little  shrub  with  its  evergreen  leaves,  white  flowers 
and  indigo-blue  fruits.    It  is  in  cultivation  and  is  perfectly  hardy  in  England. 

Gaultheria  pyroloides  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  apud  Miquel  in  Ann. 
Mus.  Bot.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  30  (1864).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sd. 
St.  Petershourg,  XVIII.  44  (1872). 

Gaultheria  pyrolaefolia  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Ft.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  457  (1882). 

Wilson's  specimens  differ  distinctly  from  the  type  and  are  referred  to  the 
following  variety. 

Gaultheria  pyroloides,  var.  cuneata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
Frutex  15-50  cm.  altus;  ramuli  hornotini  dense  et  minute  villosuli, 
graciles.    Folia  coriacea,  obovata  v.  oblongo-obovata,  rarius  oblanceo- 


ERICACEAE.  —  GAULTHERIA  555 

lata,  acutiuscula,  mucronata,  basi  cuneata,  1.5-3  cm.  longa  et  6-10  mm. 
lata,  crenato-serrata,  glabra,  supra  nitentia,  subtus  pallidiora  paleolis 
minutis  parte  conspersa.  Racemi  puberuli;  ovarium  sericeo-villo- 
sulum.  Fructus  maturesceus  coeruleus,  demum  albus;  capsula  extus 
sericeo-villosa.    Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  wood- 
lands, on  most  rocks,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  July  and  September  1908 
(No.  920,  type;  shrub  30-45  cm.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  snow-white); 
Wa-shan,  wet  rocks,  alt.  2000-2800  m.,  July  and  September  1908  (No. 
920^;  shrub  15-45  cm.  tall,  flowers  white,  fruit  snow-white);  Mupin, 
humus-clad  rocks,  alt.  2300  m.,  October  1910  (No.  920^;  15-30  cm. 
tall,  fruit  white). 

This  variety  ia  quite  common  on  humus-clad  rocks  in  moist  woods  in  western 
Szech'uan.  The  fruit  at  first  blue  becomes  snow-white  at  maturity  and  is  most 
attractive.  From  the  type  it  differs  chiefly  in  its  narrower  cuneate  and  acutish 
leaves,  in  the  more  pubescent  branchlets  and  in  the  villose  ovary  and  capsule. 

Gaultheria  nummularioldes  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  150  (1825). — 
WalHch,  Cat.  No.  1524  (1828).  —  Royle,  III.  260,  t.  63,  fig.  2  (1839).  — 
Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  457  (1882).  —  Franchet  in  Nouv. 
Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X.  44  (PL  David.  II.  82)  (1887). 

Gaultheria  repens  Blume,  Bijd.  Fl.  Nederl.  Ind.  857  (1826). 
Gaultheria  Nummulariae  De  Candolle,  Prodr.  VII.  592  (1839). 
Gaultheria  Griffith,  Icon.  PL  As.  t.  518,  fig.  2  (1854). 
Pernettya  repens  Zollinger,  Cat.  No.  138  (1854). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Wa-shan,  woodlands,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 
September  1908  (No.  924;  prostrate  over  rocks,  fruit  blue-black); 
south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  alt.  2600-3000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4124; 
creeping  shrub,  fruits  black);  without  precise  locality,  alt.  2500  m., 
July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3911). 

This  species  is  rather  common  in  moist  shady  places  growing  on  humus-clad 
rocks,  old  tree  trunks  and  mossy  banks, 

Gaultheria  nummularioides,  var.  elliptica  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

Fruticulus  prostratus  ramis  saepe  adscendentibus.  Folia  elliptica 
V.  ovato-elliptica,  acuta  mucronataque,  basi  late  cuneata,  8-10  mm. 
longa  et  3.5-5.5  mm.  lata,  nervis  supra  impressis  et  venulis  leviter 
impressis.    Ceterum  ut  in  typo. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hung-ya  Hsien,  near  Wa-wu-shan,  on 
moist  rocks,  alt.  1000  m.,  September  8,   1908  (No.  2708). 


556  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

The  elliptic  leaves  cuneate  at  the  base  readily  distinguishes  this  variety  from 
the  type. 

Here  may  be  added  the  following  rare  species  which  was  not  collected  during  the 
Arboretum  Expedition. 

Gaultheria  trichophyUa  Royle,  III.  260,  t.  63,  fig.  3  (1839).  —  De  CandoUe,  Prodr. 
VII.  592  (1839).  —  Clarke  m  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  457  (1882).  —  Dunn  in 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXXIX.  451  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan  :  without  precise  locahty,  alt.  4600  m.,  July  1904  (Veitch 
Exped.  No.  3915;  flowers  white,  fruit  blue);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  A.  E.  Pratt 
(No.  833). 

A  very  rare  plant  occurring  in  the  forests  west  of  Tachien-lu.  Clarke  (1.  c.) 
says  the  pedicels  are  densely  clothed  with  ovate  bracts  but  in  Royle's  figure,  as 
in  the  specimens  before  us,  the  pedicels  are  naked  except  for  two  bracteoles  imme- 
diately below  the  calyx.  The  fruits  and  leaves  are  slightly  larger  than  they  are 
described  by  Clarke  and  each  anther-cell  has  two  straight,  recurved  awns,  not  one 
as  figured  for  the  Indian  form. 


ARCTOUS   Niedenz.i 

Arctous  alpinus  Niedenzu  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XI.  180  (1889). — Schneider, 
III  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  545,  fig.  356  l-r  (1911). 

Arbutus  alpina  Linnaeus,  Sp.  PI.  395  (1753).  —  Sowerby,  Eng.  Bot.  XXIX.  t. 

2030  (1809). 
Mairania  alpina  Desvaux  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  I.  37  (1813).  —  Britton  &  Brown, 

III.  Fl.  II.  573,  fig.  2777  (1897). 
Arctostaphylos  alpina  Sprengel,  Syst.  II.  287  (1825).  —  Hallier,  Fl.  Deutsch. 

XX.  112,  t.  2041  (1885). 

Arctous  alpinus,  var.  ruber  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  fructu  rubro. 

Western  Szech'uan:  north-east  of  Sungpan,  by  the  side  of 
stream  rich  in  calcareous  deposits,  near  Temple  of  Wang-lung-shih, 
alt.  3300  m.,  August  22,  1910  (No.  4025;  shrub  10-15  cm.  tall,  fruit 
globose,  scarlet). 

The  discovery  of  this  circumpolar  plant  in  western  China  is  very  interesting. 

The  same  variety  with  red  fruit  occurs  in  north-western  North  America 
(Alberta :  Sulphur  Mts.  near  Banff,  August  8, 1904,  and  Lake  Louise  near  Laggan, 
August  12,  1904,  Alfred  Rehder). 

It  seems  to  be  the  common  form  of  western  North  America,  as  the  following 
references  kindly  furnished  us  by  Professor  M.  L.  Femald  tend  to  show:  Richard- 
son, Arct.  Searching  Exped.  533  (1851) :  "  Arctostaphylos  alpina  .  .  .  There  are 

»  Britton  &  Brown,  III.  Fl.  II.  572  (1897)  take  up  Mairania  Necker,  Elem.  Bot. 
I.  219  (1790)  as  the  oldest  generic  name  of  this  genus.  Mairania,  however,  must 
be  referred  as  a  synonym  to  Arctostaphylos  Adanson  (1763);  its  type  species  is 
Arctostaphylos  uva-ursi  (Linnaeus)  Sprengel,  as  Necker's  quotation  "Quaed.  Arbut. 
Linn.  Uva  ursi  Tournef."  clearly  shows,  and  also  his  description  of  the  fruit  as 
"  drupa  .  .  .  loculis  singuhs  nucleum  foventibus." 


ERICACEAE.  —  VACCINIUM  557 

two  varieties,  one  with  bright  red  and  more  juicy  fruit  .  ,  .  The  two  kinds  are 
exactly  alike  in  foliage." 

Macoun,  Cat.  Canad.  PI.  I.  294  (1883) :  "  Both  Hooker  and  Gray  state  that 
the  berries  of  this  species  are  black,  on  the  contrary,  those  on  specimens  obtained 
on  Anticosti  and  the  Rocky  Mountains  are  bright  red." 

Stewardson  Brown,  Alp.  Fl.  Canad.  Rocky  Mts.  215  (1907) :  "  berry  bright 
scarlet." 

The  plant  of  eastern  North  America  has  bluish  black  fruit  like  that  of  Europe. 
There  seems  to  be  also  a  difference  in  foliage :  the  leaves  of  the  red-fruited  variety, 
both  in  the  Asiatic  and  American  specimens,  are  thinner  and  larger,  while  those 
of  the  typical  form  are  smaller  and  of  firmer  texture. 


VACCINIUM   L. 
Subgen.  EPIGYNIUM  Drude. 

Vaccinium  Donianum  Wight,  Icon.  t.  1191  (1850).  —  Clarke  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  453  (1882). 

Vaccinium  affine  Wight,  Icon.  IV.  t.  1190  (1850). 

Epigynium  affine  Klotzsch  in  Linnaea,  XXIV.  50  (1851). 

Epigynium  Donianum  Klotzsch  (1.  c.)  51. 

Vaccinium  mandarinorum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  516  (1900). 

Kiangsi :  Ruling,  side  of  streams  and  in  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  July 
1907  (Nos.  1700,  1701,  1704;  shrubs  1-2  m.  tall).  Western  Hupeh: 
Patung  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  August  1907  (No.  2705; 
bush  2.5-4  m.  tall,  flowers  white) ;  Changyang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300 
m.,  July  1907  (No.  2706;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  white);  Patung 
Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  June  1907  (No.  2710;  bush  2-3 
m.  tall,  flowers  white);  same  loeahty,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1010);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  3918,  4526,  6129,  7660  in 
part,  and  5807'',  type  of  V.  mandarinorum  Diels).  Western 
Szech'uan:  Mt.  Omei,  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  5134). 
Yunnan:  Szemao,  mountains,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  11626,  11917,  12745). 

This  is  an  exceedingly  variable  plant,  common  in  woodlands  and  thickets.  The 
leaves  vary  in  size  and  shape,  and  the  shoots  and  racemes  from  glabrous  to  pu- 
bescent; the  pedicels  vary  in  length  from  2-10  mm.  and  are  glabrous  or  pubescent; 
in  No.  1010  the  calyx  is  also  sparsely  pubescent.  With  the  large  scries  of  specimens 
before  us  we  cannot  distinguish  between  the  common  Chinese  and  Indian  forms. 
Diels'  type  of  V.  mandarinorum  {Henry  No.  5807*')  seems  to  us  identical  with 
Wight's  figure,  which  constitutes  the  type  of  V.  Donianum;  probably  comparisons 
were  made  between  some  of  the  Hookerian  specimens  and  not  with  the  type 
figures. 

Clarke  (Hooker  f.  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  453)  cites  Agapetes  Sprengelii  G.  Don. 
{Gen.  Syst.  III.  862  [1834])  as  a  s^-nonym  of  V.  Donianum  Wight,  and  the  same  view 
is  taken  in  the  Index  Kewensiii.     In  this  case  "Sprengelii"  would  be  the  oldest 


558  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Bpecific  name.  Don's  description,  however,  does  not  agree  very  well  with  Wight's 
figure.  As  a  specific  name  Sprengelii  is  somewhat  involved.  There  is  a  Vac- 
cinium  Sprengelii  Wallich,  Cat.  No.  6296  which  is  referred  to  Agapetes  obovata  by 
Clarke  and  the  Index  Kewensis.  Also  a  Vaccinium  Sprengelii  Hort.  which  is  re- 
ferred to  V.  Myrsiniiis  in  the  Index  Kewensis.  As  there  would  appear  to  be  some 
doubt,  if  Don's  Agapetes  Sprengelii  is  identical  with  Wight's  Vaccinium  Donianum, 
and  as  the  name  Sprengelii  is  connected  with  two  other  plants  of  this  group  it  ap- 
pears to  us  best  to  retain  Wight's  name  for  the  species  as  was  done  by  Clarke 
(1.  c.)  and  in  the  Index  Kewensis. 

Vaccinium  Donianum,  var.  laetimi  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 
Vaccinium  laetum  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  516  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan :  Kiating  Fu,  thickets,  alt.  300  m.,  May  1908 
(No.  2707;  bush  2-3  m.,  flowers  white);  without  precise  locahty, 
banks  of  Yangtsze  river,  May  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3918);  without 
locahty,  alt.  1500  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3918^). 

The  rather  small,  sharply  serrate  leaves,  short  racemes  and  twiggy  branches 
distinguish  this  variety  which,  however,  is  very  near  some  of  the  extreme  forms 
of  the  type.    It  is  a  low-level  and  a  rather  uncommon  plant. 

Vaccinium  Carlesii  Dunn  resembles  this  variety  but  has  a  much  smaller  and  a 
differently  shaped  corolla. 

Vaccinium  iteophyllum  Hance  in  Ann.  Sci.  Nat.  s^r.  4,  XVIII.  223 
(1862).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  15  (1889).  —  Dunn  & 
Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add.  ser.  X.  153  {Fl.  Kwangtung 
&  Hongkong)  (1912). 

Fokien:  without  locality,  1905,  Dunn's  Exped.  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard. 
Hongkong,  No.  2877).  Yunnan:  Szemao,  forests,  alt.  1600  m., 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  11648,  11648'*). 

In  Henry's  specimens  the  leaves  are  only  shghtly  and  irregularly  serrate. 

Vaccinium  iteophyllum,  var.  fragrans  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  foliis  oblanceolatis  v.  rarius  lanceolatis,  6-10  cm. 
longis  et  2.5-3.5  cm.  latis  leviter  et  remote  serrulatis  subtus  sparsius 
pubescentibus  demum  glabrescentibus,  inflorescentia  sparsius  pu- 
bescente,  antheris  aristatis. 

Western  Hupeh :  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1000-1300  m,,  rare, 
June  4,  1907  (No.  2704;  bush  2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  snow-white,  fragrant). 

The  larger,  very  slightly  toothed  leaves  and  aristate  anthers  distinguish  this 
variety. 

Vaccinium  bracteatum  Thunberg,  Fl.  Jap.  156  (1784).  —  De  Can- 
dolle,  Prodr.  VII.  573  (1839).  —  Siebold  &  Zuccarini  in  Ahh.  Akad. 


ERICACEAE.  —  VACCINIUM  559 

Miinch.  IV.  pt.  III.  129  (Fl  Jap.  Fam.  II.  5)  (1846).  — Miquel  in  Ann. 
Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  160  (1865-1866).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad. 
Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XVIII.  42  (1872);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  608 
(1872).  — Franchet  &  Savatier,  Enum.  PI.  Jap.  I.  282  (1875).— 
Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  s^r.  2,  VI.  75  (PL  David.  I.  195 
(1883)).— Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  14  (1889).— Shirasawa, 
Ico7i.  Ess.  For.  Jap.  II.  t.  61,  fig.  11-22  (1908).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in 
Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  Add.  ser.  X.  153  {Fl.  Kwangtung  &  Hong- 
kong) (1912). 

Andromeda  chinensis  Loddiges,  Bot.  Cah.  XVII.  t.  1648  (1830). 

Vaccinium  chinense  Champion  in  Hooker's  Kew  Jour.  Bot.  IV.  297  (1852).  — 

Bentham,  Fl.  Hongk.,  199  (1861). 
Vaccinium  Donianum,  var.  elliplica  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  161 

(1865-1866). 
Vaccinium  Oldhamii  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  II.  161  (1865-1866). 

Kiangsi:  Kuling,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300  m.,  July  29,  1907 
(No.  1702;  dense  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  white).  Western 
Hupeh:  Nanto  and  mountains  to  northward,  A.  Henry  (No.  3067). 
Chekiang:  vicinity  of  Ningpo,  1908,  D.  Macgregor.  Korea: 
Quelpaert,  Taquet  (Nos.  1083,  1084,  4304);  same  locality,  U.  Faurie 
(No.  660). 

This  variable  species  is  very  common  on  the  Lushan  range  near  Kuling,  but  is 
rare  in  western  Hupeh. 

We  have  before  us  the  type  specimen  of  Vaccinium  Wrightii  Gray  (in  Mem. 
Am.  Acad.  n.  ser.  VI.  398  [1858-1859]),  which  Hemsley  (in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI. 
14  [1889])  reduces  to  Vaccinium  bracteatum  Thunberg.  Gray's  species  constitutes 
a  well-marked  variety  of  that  species,  readily  distinguished  by  its  long  pedicels 
(8-11  mm.)  and  glabrous  calyx.  It  may  be  distinguished  as  Vaccinium  bracteatum, 
var.  Wrightii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var.  Specimen  collected  at  South  Cape, 
Formosa,  by  A.  Henry  (Nos.  591,  636,  947)  belong  to  this  variety.  The  type 
was  collected  at  Orisima,  Liu-kiu  Islands,  Wright  (No.  170  in  Herb.  Gray). 

Vaccinium  fragile  Franchet  in  Jour,  de  Bot.  IX.  366  (1895). 
Vaccinium  setosum  Wright  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1896,  24. 

Western  Szech'uan:  south-east  of  Tachien-lu,  rocks  and  arid 
places,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  June  and  September  1908  (No.  1079;  bush 
14-30  cm.  tall,  flowers  salmon-red,  fruit  black);  without  precise  lo- 
cality, pine  woods,  alt.  1000-1600  m..  May  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3917;  shrub  20-45  cm.  tall,  flowers  white);  June  1903  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  3917").  Yunnan:  Mengtze,  grassy  mountains,  alt.  2100  m., 
A.  Henry  (No.  10904). 


560  WILSON   EXPEDITION    TO    CHINA 

Some  of  our  specimens  agree  with  Franchet's  variety  a.  crinita,  others  with  his 
j8.  myrtifolia;  others  are  intermediate  between  these  varieties.  The  leaves  vary- 
considerably  in  shape  even  on  the  same  shoots  as  does  the  development  of 
setae  and  pubescence.  With  the  evidence  before  us  we  do  not  think  the  above 
varieties  of  Franchet  should  be  retained.  Vaccinmm  setosum  Wright  is  identical 
and  was  probably  described  without  knowledge  of  Franchet's  name. 

Vaccinium  Dunalianum  Wight,  Icon.  IV.  t.  1194  (1850).  —  Clarke 
in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  III.  453  (1882).  — Dunn  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXXIX.  503  (1911). 

Epigynium  Dunalianum  Klotzsch  in  Linnaea,  XXIV.  51  (1851). 
Thibaudia  revoluta  Griffith,  Icon.  PI.  As.  IV.  t.  513  (1854). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  on  rocks,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  Octo- 
ber 1910  (No.  4294;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  fruit  black);  Mt.  Omei,  June 
1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  5138;  bush  6  m.  tall).  Yunnan :  Mengtze, 
alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  9170,  9170^,  9170');  Yuan-chiang,  alt. 
1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  13404). 

This  is  a  very  rare  plant  in  Szech'uan,  differing  in  no  marked  manner  from  the 
typical  Indian  form. 

A  new  variety  of  this  species  is  the  following: 

Vaccinium  Dunalianum,  var.  urophyllum,  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  ramulis  hornotinis  breviter  denseque  villosulis,  foliis  ellipticis, 
subito  caudato-acuminatis,  costa  venisque  utrinque  elevatis  conspicuis,  costa  sub- 
tus  et  petiolis  villosulis. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  mountains  to  the  south-east,  in  forests,  A.  Henry  (No. 
giTO"). 

This  variety  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  puberulous  shoots  and  petioles  and  the 
long-caudate  leaves. 

Vaccinium  urceolatum  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  16  (1889). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Hung-ya  Hsien,  on  red-sandstone  rocks, 
alt.  800  m.,  June  and  October,  1908  (No.  1072,  in  part;  bush  60  cm.- 
2  m.  tall,  flowers  pink,  fruits  black) ;  Wa-shan,  on  rocks,  alt.  2000-2600 
m.,  October  1908  (No.  1072,  in  part;  bush  1-2  m.  tall,  fruit  black). 
Mt.  Omei,  June  and  November  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  3924,  5136); 

This  plant  is  common  in  the  above  localities  and  is  partial  to  sandstone  boulders. 

Vaccinium  moupinense  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2, 
X.  43  {PI.  David.  II.  81)  (1887). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  on  cliffs  and  tree-trunks,  alt. 
2300-2800  m.,  June  and  November  1908  (No.  1259;  bush  60-120  cm. 
tall,  flowers  rose-pink,  fruit  black) ;  same  locality,  alt.  2300-2600  m., 


ERICACEAE.  —  VACCINIUM  561 

October  1910  (No.  4320;  shrub  GO-75  cm.  tall,  fruit  purple-black); 
without  locaUty,  alt.  2600  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  3914). 

This  species  is  very  common  as  an  epiphyte  on  old  trees,  and  is  also  frequently 
found  growing  on  humus-clad  rocks  and  cliffs.  In  our  specimens  the  flowers  are 
rose-pink,  the  leaves  are  cuneate  at  the  base  and  the  plants  grow  to  a  larger  size 
than  those  described  by  Franchet. 

In  this  subgenus  also  belongs  the  following  undescribed  species: 

Vaccinium  viburnoides  Rehdor  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  30-60  cm.  altus  ramis  crassiusculis;  ramuli  homotini  leviter  angulati, 
initio  sparse  puberuli,  mox  glabri,  annotini  flavido-cinerei,  vetustiores  brunneo- 
grisei,  lenticellati.  Folia  coriacea,  ovalia  v.  obovata  v.  elliptica,  acutiuscula  v. 
rotundata,  basi  late  cuneata,  crenato-serrulata  dentibus  adpressis  mucrone  calloso 
incurvo,  saepe  infra  medium  Integra,  3.5-5.5  longa  et  2-3  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia, 
nitentia  rugulosa,  ad  costam  mediam  puberula,  subtus  pallidiora,  glabra,  nervis 
utrinsecus  5-6,  ut  costa  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  crassi,  3-4  mm. 
longi,  interdum  puberuli.  Racemi  terminales  et  axillares  in  apice  ramulorum  con- 
gest!, breves,  5-8-flori;  rhachis  crassiuscula,  puberula,  8-12  mm.  longa;  bracteae 
deciduae,  membranaceae  coloratae,  late  ovales  v.  ovatae  7-8  mm.  longae,  acutae 
v.  obtusae,  ciliolatae;  bracteolae  similes,  sed  minores,  deciduae;  pedicelli  3-5  mm. 
longi,  glabri;  calyx  glaber  tubo  hemisphaerico,  lobis  latissimis  rotundatis  circiter 
0.7  mm.  longis  ciliolatis;  corolla  urceolata,  circiter  6  mm.  longa,  salmoneo-rosea, 
extus  intusque  glabra,  lobis  minutis  recurvis  intus  puberulis;  stamina  corolla 
breviora,  filamentis  basi  dilatatis  pilosis,  antheris  2.5  mm.  longis  dorso  breviter 
bicalcaratis;  stylus  stamina  superans,  inclusus,  glaber,  rectus,  cylindricus,  stigmate 
leviter  capitato.    Fructus  maturus  desideratur. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
3923). 

This  is  a  very  distinct  species  and  is  not  closely  related  to  any  Chinese  or  Indian 
species.  Its  nearest  relative  is  perhaps  the  variable  Vaccinium  Leschenaultii 
Wight  which,  however,  is  a  much  taller  growing  plant  with  less  coriaceous  leaves, 
thinner  branches,  longer  racemes,  shorter  pedicels,  and  rather  differently  shaped 
flowers  and  calyx-teeth. 

Vaccinium  viburnoides  is  a  very  rare  plant,  having  been  collected  only  once. 

Also  the  recently  described  Vucciniuyn  Wardii  Adamson  (in  Jour.  Hot.  LI.  130 
[1913])  belongs  according  to  its  author  in  this  subgenus,  but  we  suspect  that  it  is 
not  a  Vaccinium  at  all,  but  identical  with  or  very  near  to  Gaulthcria  Veitchiana 
Craib  with  which  the  rather  unsatisfactory  description  fairly  well  agrees. 

Subgen.   EUVACCINIUM   A.  Gray. 

Vaccinium  Henryi  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  15  (1889).  — 
Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  516  (1900). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1000-1600  m., 
September  1907  (No.  2703;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  fruit  black);  without 
locaHty,  July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1491);  without  locality,  A. 
Henry  (Nos.  4826,  6829,  6623,  5911,  4703,  7937). 

This  plant  is  fairly  common  in  oak  woods  in  western  Hupeh. 


562  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 


Subgen.  OXYCOCCUS  Hook. 

Vaccinium  japonicum  Miquel  in  Ann.  Mus.  Lugd.-Bat.  I.  28  (1863- 
1864).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg,  XVIII.  40 
(1870);  in  Mel.  Biol.  VIII.  604  (1872).  —  Franchet  and  Savatier, 
Enum.  Fl.  Jap.  I.  280  (1875).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI. 
16  (1889).  —  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  683 
(1910).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauhholzk.  II.  561  (1911). 

Western  Hupeh:  Changyang,  woodlands,  alt.  1300  m.,  October 
1907  (No.  244;  shrub  30-60  cm.  tall,  fruit  dark  scarlet);  without 
locality,  August  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  1621);  without  locality, 
A.  Henry  (Nos.  6021,  6431%  2826).  Eastern  Szech'uan:  north 
Wushan,  A.  Henry  (No.  6431).  Western  Szech'uan:  west  and 
near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  woodlands,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  October  1908 
(No.  971;  bush  30-60  cm.,  fruit  red). 

This  species  is  common  in  dry  situations  in  open  woods  of  Pine  and  Oak.  The 
Chinese  plant  appears  to  have  usually  narrower  leaves  than  the  Japanese  plant. 


LOGANIACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder  and  E.  H.  Wilson. 

GARDNERIA  Wall. 
Gardneria  multiflora  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XV.  103  (1901). 

Gardneria  nutans  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  121  (non  Siebold  & 
Zuccarini)  (1890).  —  Dials  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  534  (1900). 

Gardneria  multiflora  Makino  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  VI.  53  (nomen  nudum) 
(1892). 

Pseudogardneria  multiflora  Pampanini  in  Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII. 
691  (1910). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  300-1000  m., 
July  1907  (No.  1941;  scandent  shrub  2-3  m.,  flowers  white);  without 
locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  6016).  Western  Szech'uan:  near  Wa- 
shan,  thickets,  alt.  1300  m.,  September  1908  (No.  2958;  climber,  3  m.); 
without  locality,  July  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4810).  Yunnan: 
Mengtze,  mountains  south-west,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  958P; 
large  climber,  fruit  red). 

This  is  a  rather  common  low-Ievel  climber  in  western  Hupeh  and  Szech'uan. 
Our  specimens  differ  from  Makino's  description  only  in  the  perfectly  glabrous  style. 
The  leaves  vary  considerably  in  size,  and  in  some  specimens  are  as  large  as  those 
of  G.  ovata  Wallich. 

Besides  this  species  there  occurs  in  China  one  other  undescribed  species,  the  de- 
scription of  which  is  given  below  with  a  short  note  on  the  genus  Pseudogardneria. 

Gardneria  lanceolata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  scandens,  glaberrimus,  ramis  ramulisque  teretibus.  Folia  subcoriacea, 
lanceolata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata,  basi  cuneata,  integra,  6-9  cm.  longa 
et  1-2.5  cm.  lata,  supra  atroviridia,  nitentia,  subtus  pallidiora,  nervis  utrinsecus 
5-7  inconspicuis;  petioli  subteretes,  5-10  mm.  longi.  Flores  axillares,  in  parte 
inferiore  ramulorum  plerumque  ex  axillis  bractearum  subulatarum  vix  1  cm. 
longorum  orientes,  plerumque  solitarii,  albi,  pentameri;  pedicelli  1.5-2  cm.  longi, 
circa  medium  bi-  v.  uni-bracteolati,  bracteolis  minutis  subulatis  acuminatis;  calyx 
persistens,  cupularis,  lobis  rotundatis  breviter  subito  acuminulatis  minute  cilio- 
latis;  corolla  caduca,  rotata,  tubo  1  mm.  longo,  lobis  5,  lanceolatis  acutis  reflexis, 
8  mm.  longis  et  2-3  mm.  latis,  antheris  fere  sessilibus  glabris  7  mm.  longis,  bilocu- 
laribus,  in  tubum  connatis;  ovarium  globosum,  glabrum;  stylus  cylindricus,  7  mm. 
longus,  stigmate  indistincte  bilobo  fusco.    Fructus  non  visus. 

Western  Szech'uan:  without  precise  locality,  July  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
No.  4809). 

563 


564  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Gardneria  lanceolata  is  most  nearly  related  to  G.  ovata  Wallich  which  is  easily 
distinguished  by  its  broader  leaves,  several-flowered  peduncles  and  tetramerous 
flowers  with  shorter  and  broader  petals  and  shorter  anthers  of  a  different  structure; 
from  all  the  other  species  it  differs  in  its  connate  anthers. 

The  structure  of  the  androecium  in  this  new  species  seems  to  show  that  the 
combination  of  characters  on  which  Raciborsld  rehed,  when  he  separated  Pseu- 
dogardneria  from  Gardneria  proper,  is  not  constant;  for  G.  lanceolata  has  the  con- 
nate anthers  of  typical  Gardneria,  but  they  are  two-celled  and  the  flowers  five-merous 
as  in  Pseudogardneria.  We  have  therefore  retained  Gardneria  in  its  older  and  wider 
conception. 

BUDDLEIA  L. 

Buddleia  Lindleyana  Fortune  apud  Lindley  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXX.  Misc. 
Notes,  25  (1844);  in  Bot.  Reg.  XXXII.  t.  4  (1846).— Paxton,  Mag.  Bot. 
XIV.  t.  5  (1848).  — Bentham,  Fl.  Hongk.  231  (1861).  —  Moore  in 
Jour.  Bot.  XVI.  138  (1878).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St. 
Petershourg,  ser.  3,  XXVI.  495  (1880);  in  Mel.  Biol.  X.  674  (1880).  — 
Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  VI.  90  {PI.  David.  I.  210) 
(1883).  — Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  119  (1889).  — Dunn 
&  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bidl.  Misc.  Inform,  add.  ser.  X.  174  (Fl.  Kwang- 
tung  and  Hongkong)  (1912).  —  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  II. 
186  (1912). 

Kiangsi:  Kiukiang,  roadsides,  alt.  100  m.,  July  27,  1907  (No. 
I5i6;bush  1-2  m.  tall,  flowers  purple).  Western  Szech'uan:  near 
Wa-shan,  valley  of  Tung  river,  alt.  1000-1300  m.,  July  and  November 
1908  (No.  1375*;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  dark  red);  without  precise 
locality,  banks  of  the  Yangtsze,  June  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4116). 
Kiangsu:  Shanghai,  Faher.  Fokien:  without  locality,  Dunn's 
Exped.  1905  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hongkong,  No.  2930). 

Buddleia  Lindleyana,  var.  sinuato-dentata  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXVI.  120  (1889).— Dop  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LVII.  Mem. 
XIX.  9  (1910).  —  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  II.  186  (1912). 

Western  Szech'uan :  Yachou  Fu,  thickets,  alt.  600-1300  m.,  July 
and  November  1908  (No.  1375;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  very  dark 
red).     Western  Hupeh:  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (No.  3979). 

This  very  distinct  looking  variety  is  much  less  common  than  the  type  and  is 
usually  found  at  greater  altitudes.  The  leaves  in  our  specimen  are  very  large 
(9.5  cm.  long,  4.5  cm.  wide).^ 

1  A  species  apparently  closely  allied  to  B.  Lindleyana  is  the  following: 
Buddleia  yunnanensis  L.  F.  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  II.  192  (1912). 
Yunnan:  without  precise  locahty  [probably  near  Szemao]  Bons  d'Anty  (No. 


LOGANIACEAE.  —  BUDDLEIA  565 

Buddleia  officinalis  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
s^r.  3,  XXVI.  496  (1880);  in  Mel.  Biol.  X.  675  (1880).  —  Hemsley  in 
Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  120  (1890).  —  Oliver  in  Hooker's  Icon.  XX. 
t.  1972  (1891).  — Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  535  (1900);  in  Wiss. 
Ergeb.  Exped.  Filchner  China  Tibet,  X.  262  (1908).— Pampanini  in 
Nuov.  Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII.  691  (1910).  —  Dop  in  Bull.  Soc. 
Bot.  France,  LVII.  Mem.  XIX.  8  (1910).  —Garc?.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XLIX. 
201  (1911).  — Wright  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVII.  t.  8401  (1911).— 
Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  II.  187  (1912). 

Buddleia  madagascariensis  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XX.  37  (non  Lamarck)  (1882). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cliffs,  etc.,  alt.  30-600  m.,  March  1907 
(No.  844;  bush  1-2.5  m.,  flowers  lilac,  orange  eye,  fragrant);  same  lo- 
cahty,  March  24,  1908  (No.  4005) ;  Ichang  and  neighborhood,  March 
1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  155);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  1117, 
3110,  7884). 

In  western  Hupeh  and  in  Szech'uan  this  is  a  common  shrub  in  rocky  places  up 
to  1000  m.  altitude.    It  is  very  floriferous,  fragrant  and  ornamental. 

Buddleia  stenostachya  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis ;  ramuli  hornotini  leviter  quadrangulati  v.  fere 
teretes,  tomento  floccoso  albido  dense  obtecti.  Folia  membranacea, 
lanceolato-oblonga  v.  lanceolato-ovata,  longe  acuminata,  basi  cuneata, 
12-20  cm.  longa  et  3-6  cm.  lata,  plerumque  crenato-serrata  dentibus 
mucronulatis,  rarius  fere  Integra,  supra  obscure  viridia,  glabra  v.  fere 
glabra,  subtus  tomento  lanuginoso  albido  dense  obtecta,  costa  ve- 
nisque  supra  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioli  tomentosi,  8-10  mm. 
longi.  Paniculae  plerumque  tres  in  apice  ramulorum,  lateralibus  saepe 
terminali  longioribus,  anguste  cylindricae,  15-45  cm.  longae  et  2-5 
cm.  diam.,  tomentosae,  e  cymis  congestis  paucifloris  breviter  pedun- 
culatis  compositae;  flores  subsessiles;  calyx  2.5-3.5  cm.  longus,  extus 
tomentosus,  dentibus  ovato-lanceolatis  acutis  erectis;  corolla  lilacina 

437  ex  Gagnepain) ;  Szemao,  forests,  alt.  1500  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  12214;  shrub  1  m., 
flowers  Ulac). 

Henry's  specimen  seems  to  differ  slightly  from  the  type  of  this  species  which 
we  have  not  seen;  the  calyx  does  not  reach  quite  to  the  middle  of  the  corolla-tube, 
the  leaves  are  slightly  narrower  and  somewhat  sinuately  dentate  and  the  inflores- 
cence is  shorter,  not  exceeding  4  cm.  in  the  specimen  before  us.  Buddleia  yunnanen- 
s^is  seems  most  closely  related  to  B.  Lindleyana  Fortime,  but  is  easily  distinguished 
from  that  species  by  its  shorter  straight  corolla,  by  the  larger  calyx  reaching  about 
to  the  middle  of  the  corolla  tube  and  by  the  dense  and  short  inflorescence. 


566  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

fauce  aurantiaco,  extus  pubescens  v.  tomentosa,  tubo  cylindrico  intus 
supra  medium  villoso  circiter  8  mm.  longo,  lobis  rotundatis  erecto- 
patentibus  planis  vix  2  mm.  longis;  stamina  inter  medium  et  apicem 
tubi  inserta,  antheris  subsessilibus  oblongis  circiter  0.5  mm.  longis; 
ovarium  ovoideum,  villosum  basi  excepta;  stylus  vix  medium  tubi 
attingens,  glaber,  1  mm.  longus,  stigmate  clavato.  Capsula  cylindrico- 
oblonga,  acuta,  8-10  mm.  longa  et  2  mm.  diam.,  tomentosa,  corolla 
persistente  partim  inclusa  et  stylo  persistente  coronata;  semina 
fusiformia,  2.8-3  mm.  longa,  nigra. 

Western  Szech'uan :  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m.,  October 
1908  (No.  1351,  type).  Cultivated  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  Septem- 
ber 10,  1912  (flowering  specimens). 

This  new  species  seems  most  closely  related  to  B.  officinalis  Maximowicz  which 
differs  chiefly  in  its  broader  and  shorter  panicles  and  shorter  ovoid  obtuse  capsules. 
In  general  appearance  it  somewhat  resembles  Buddleia  nivea  Duthie,  which  has  a 
much  shorter  corolla  with  the  anthers  affixed  immediately  below  the  mouth, 
a  relatively  long  calyx  and  short,  stout  fruit. 

Buddleia  asiatica  Loureiro,  Fl  Cochin.  72  (1790).  —  Bentham  in 
De  Candolle,  Prodr.  X.  446  (1846);  FL  Hongk.  231  (1862).  —  Hance 
in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII.  112  (1873).  —  Hooker  f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CIII. 
t.  6323  (1877).  —  Maximowicz  in  Bull.  Acad.  Sci.  St.  Petershourg, 
ser.  3,  XXVI.  495  (1880);  in  Mel.  Biol  X.  674  (1880).  —  Clarke  in 
Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  IV.  82  (1883).  —  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc. 
XXVI.  119  (1889).  —  Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  336  (1905).— 
Berger  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXIX.  106,  fig.  44  (1906).— Garden, 
LXIX.  89,  fig.  (1906).  —  Dop  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LVII.  Mem. 
XIX.  8  (1910).  —  Dunn  &  Tutcher  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform,  add. 
ser.  X.  174  (Fl.  Kwangtung  and  Hongkong)  (1912).  —  Gagnepain  in 
Lecomte,  Not.  Syst.  II.  189  (1912). 

Buddleia  salicina  Lamarck,  III.  I.  291  (1791). 

Buddleia  Neemda   Buchanan-Hamilton   apud    Roxburgh,    Fl.    Ind.   I.    411 

(1820).  —  WalUch,  Cat.  No.  6401  (1828).  — Hance  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XIII. 

112  (1873). 
Buddleia  serrulata  Roth,  Nov.  PI.  Sp.  82  (1821). 
Buddleia   discolor  Roth,  Nov.  PI.  Sp.  83  (1821).  —  Wight,  Icon.  III.  t.  894 

(1843-1850). 
Buddleia  subserrata  D.  Don,  Prodr.  Fl.  Nepal.  92  (1825). 
Buddleia  acuminatissima  Blume,  Bijd.  Fl.  Ned.  Ind.  743  (1826). 
Buddleia  virgata  Blanco,  Fl.  Filip.  57  (1837). 

Eastern  Szech'uan:  Wan  Hsien,  banks  of  Yangtsze  river,  sandy 
places,  alt.  30-300  m.,  March  and  April  1908  (No.  3362;  bush  1-2  m. 


LOGANIACEAE.  —  BUDDLEIA  567 

tall,  flowers  white,  fragrant).  Hupeh:  without  locahty,  A.  Henry 
(No.  3456).  Yunnan:  vicinity  of  Mengtze,  ravines,  alt.  1500- 
1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  10443,  10443^  10443"=);  Che-yuan,  A. 
Henry  (No.  10443"^);  Szemao,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  10,443^ 
11679).  Formosa:  south  Cape,  A.  Henry  (No.  200);  Tamsui,  1903 
N.  Faurie  (No.  465). 

Not  common  in  western  China;  occurring  as  a  river-bank  shrub  on  the 
sandy  reaches  of  the  Yangtsze  and  its  affluents  up  to  500  m.  altitude.  A  picture 
of  this  shrub  in  bloom  will  be  found  under  No.  0227  of  the  collection  of  Wilson's 
photographs. 

Buddleia  Davidii  Franchet  in  Nouv.  Arch.  Mus.  Paris,  ser.  2,  X. 
65  {PL  David.  II.  103)  (1887).  —  Gagnepain  in  Lecomte,  Not.  Syst. 
II.  188  (1912). 

Buddleia  variabilis  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  120  (1889).  —  Hooker 
f.  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXIV.  t.  7609  (1898).  —  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  535 
(1900).  —  Henry  in  Rev.  Hort.  383,  figs.  166-167  (384).  —  Wilson  in  Flora 
&  Sylva,  III.  339  (1905).— Pampanini  in  Nuov.Giorn.  Bot.  Ital.  n.  ser.  XVII. 
691  (1910).  — Dop  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LVII.  M^m.  XIX.  9  (1910). 
—  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  845,  fig.  530  f-g,  531  d-i  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  by  the  side  of 
streams,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  August  and  September  (No.  613*;  bush 
1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1300- 
2300  m.,  August  and  October  1907  (No.  3347;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall, 
flowers  purple);  without  locality,  A.  Henry  (Nos.  4166*,  3285). 
Eastern  Szech'uan:  south  Wushan,  July  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1347,  in  part).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  side  of  streams,  alt. 
2300  m,,  August  1908  (No.  3349;  bush  1-2  m.,  flowers  purple);  west 
and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300-2000  m. 
July  1908  (No.  3350;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers  rose-purple);  Tachien-lu, 
roadside  thickets,  alt.  1600-2600  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3355;  bush  1.5- 
2  m.  tall,  flowers  light  purple) ;  Mt.  Omei,  1904  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
5038);  Min  Valley,  alt.  2100  m.,  August  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
4120);  Nanch'uan,  A.  von  Rosthorn  (Nos.  438,  3007). 

Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  magnifica  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Buddleia  variabilis  magnifica  Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  340,  fig.  (1905).  — 
Garden,  LXIX.  278,  fig.  (1906).  -De  Corte  in  Rev.  Hort.  Beige,  XXXIII. 
281,  fig.  (1907).  — Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  846  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2300  m., 
July  1907  (No.  613,  flowering  shoot  only;  bush  2  m.  tall,  flowers 


568  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

vinous-purple,  fragrant);  Patung  Hsien,  side  of  streams,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m.,  August  1907  (No.  3346;  bush  1.5-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  rosy- 
purple,  fragrant);  without  locality,  June  1900  (Veitch  Exped.  No. 
1249),  ^.  //enry  (No.  7008).  Western  Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu, 
Tu-ti-hang-shan,  alt.  1800  m.,  August  1910  (No.  4639;  bush  2-2.5  m. 
tall,  flowers  violet-purple). 

This  is  the  handsomest  of  all  the  varieties  and  is  distinguished  by  its  large, 
bright,  violet-purple  flowers  with  a  deep  orange  eye  and  by  the  always  reflexed  mar- 
gins of  the  petals.  The  panicles  are  long  and  densely  flowered.  This  variety  is  a 
conspicuous  feature  in  August  by  the  sides  of  mountain  streams  up  to  2000  m.  alti- 
tude. A  picture  of  this  shrub  will  be  found  under  No.  0256  of  Wilson's  collection 
of  photographs. 

Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  superba  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Buddleia  variabilis,  var.  superba  De  Corte  in  Rev.  Hort.  Beige,  XXXV.  12 
fig.  (1909). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  side  of  stream,  alt.  1600- 
2300  m.,  October  1907  (No.  613,  fruiting  branch  only;  bush  2  m. 
tall).  Western  Szech'uan:  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  2000-2600  m., 
September  1908  (No.  3352;  bush  1.5-2  m.  tall,  flowers  purple, 
fragrant). 

This  variety  is  distinguished  by  its  extremely  dense  flowered  panicles  and  flat 
corolla  lobes,  fimbriated  but  not  reflexed  on  the  margins.  The  habit  is  erect  and 
arching,  and  the  flowers  are  rose-purple  with  a  deep  orange  eye. 

Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  Wilsonii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Buddleia  variabilis,  var.  Wilsonii  Hort  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXVI.  155 
(nomen  nudum)  (1904).  —  Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  340,  (1905).— 
Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II.  847  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  alt.  1600-2000  m.,  August 
1907  (No.  3348;  bush  2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  lilac-purple). 

This  variety  is  distinguished  by  its  long,  rather  laxly  flowered  pendant  panicles 
and  sub-erect  corolla  lobes,  with  crinkled  and  reflexed  margins.  The  internodes 
are  very  long,  the  leaves  long  and  tapering,  and  the  flowers  larger  than  those  of 
any  other  variety  and  of  a  bright  rose-lilac  color. 

Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  alba  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  var. 

A  typo  recedit  floribus  albis,  foliis  anguste  lanceolatis  utrinque 
angustatis  6-7  cm.  longis  et  10-12  mm.  latis,  minute  serrulatis. 

Western  Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu,  Tu-ti-liang-shan,  alt.  1800  m., 
August  1910  (No.  4638;  one  bush  only  was  seen). 


LOGANIACEAE.  —  BUDDLEIA  569 

Buddleia  albiflora  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  118  (1889).  — 
Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  335  (1905). —  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Laubholzk.  II.  845,  fig.  530  d  (1912). 

Buddleia    Hemsleyana   Koehne  in   Gartenfl.   LII.    170   (1903).  —  Wilson   in 

Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  337  (1905). 
Buddleia  albiflora,  var.    Hemsleyana  Schneider,  III.   Handb.  Laubholzk.  II. 

845,  fig.  530 e  (1912). 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600  m.,  July  1907 
(No.  3360;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  lilac);  same  locality,  alt.  1600- 
2500  m.,  August  1907  (No.  3361;  bush  2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  Hlac);  Hsing- 
shan  Hsien,  2000  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3361^;  bush  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers 
lilac);  north  and  south  of  Ichang,  alt.  1300-2300  m.,  July  1907  (No. 
3361^;  bush  1-3  m.  tall,  flowers  pale  lilac,  orange  eye);  Changyang 
Hsien,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2500  m.,  July  1907  (No.  3361°;  bush  3  m. 
tall,  flowers  lilac-pink);  without  locality,  July  1901  (Veitch  Exped. 
Nos.  2247,  2247*),  A.  Henry  (Nos.  156%  2351  in  part,  4689,  6193). 

Owing  to  inaccurate  information  supplied  by  one  of  Henry's  Chinese  coUectore, 
this  plant  was  originally  described  as  a  tree  20-30  ft.  tall,  with  white  flowere, 
whereas  it  is  a  bush  never  exceeding  4  m.  in  height  and  the  flowers  are  always 
lilac  colored.  It  is  a  variable  species  but  may  be  easily  distinguished  from 
B.  Davidii  Franchet  which  has  four-angled  stems  by  its  round  stems  and  small 
flowers,  with  the  stamens  inserted  immediately  below  the  mouth  of  the  corolla- 
tube. 

Buddleia  Hemsleyana  Koehne  differs  only  in  the  usually  pubescent  caljoc;  in 
this  and  in  other  respects  it  is  intermediate  between  the  type  and  the  var.  Giraldii. 
Koehne  describes  his  plant  without  an  orange-colored  corolla  throat  but  in  speci- 
mens from  cultivated  plants  before  us  we  find  this  color  present  but  covered  by 
the  zone  of  villose  hairs.  To  us  the  differences  seem  too  slight  to  warrant  the 
separation  of  Koehne's  plant  from  Hemsley's  Buddleia  albiflora. 

Buddleia  albiflora  is  a  common  shrub  in  the  mountain  thickets  up  to  2500  m., 
especially  in  open,  moist  situations.  Henry's  No.  10915,  a  fruiting  specimen,  from 
Mengtze,  Yunnan,  probably  belongs  here. 

Buddleia  albiflora,  var.  Giraldii  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 
Bvddleia  Giraldii  Diels  in  Bot.  Jahrb.  XXIX.  535  (1900). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Lungan  Fu,  Tu-ti-liang-shan,  upland, 
thickets  and  open  grassy  places,  alt.  2000-2600  m.,  August  1910 
(Nos.  4640,  4641;  bushes  1-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  lilac);  without  pre- 
cise locality,  alt.  1300  m.,  August  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4117. 
Shensi :  "Mte.  Kan-y-qua,"  July  1897,  and  "  Ta-sce-tsuen,"  Septem- 
ber 1897,  G.  Giraldi.  Central  China:  without  locality,  Hugh 
Scallan. 


570  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO    CHINA 

The  flowers,  shoots  and  under  surface  of  the  leaves  of  this  plant  are  covered 
with  a  fulvous-gray,  rather  loose  tomentum  which  readily  distinguishes  this 
variety  from  the  type.^ 

Buddleia  nivea  Duthie  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  XXXVIII.  275,  fig. 
102  (1905).  — Wilson  in  Flora  &  Sylva,  III.  339  (1905).  — Bean  in 
Kew  Bull  Misc.  Inform.  1910,  392.  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Lauh- 
holzk.  II.  844,  fig.  530  h,  531  b-c  (1912). 

Western  Szeeh'uan:  Wa-shan,  thickets,  alt.  1300-2000  m., 
August  1908  (No.  3358;  bush  1.5-2.5  m.  tall,  flowers  purple);  south- 
east of  Tachien-lu,  Tung  valley,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  August  1908  (No. 
3356;  bush  1-1.5  m.  tall,  flowers  hlac  purple);  Wa-shan,  alt.  2000- 
2600  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4121  and  seed  No.  1428, 
type). 

A  rather  rare  plant.  Duthie  describes  the  calyx  as  one-third  the  length  of 
the  corolla-tube,  whereas,  as  shown  in  the  figure  accompanying  his  description,  it 
is  half  as  long  as  the  corolla-tube. 

Buddleia  nivea,  var.  yunnanensis  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  comb. 

Buddleia  macrostachya,  var.  yunnanensis  Dop  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LVII. 
M6m.  XIX.  7  (1910). 

^  An  alHed  species  is  the  following: 

Buddleia  alata  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis;  ramuli  homotini  sparse  stellato-pilosi  quadrialati  alls  ad 
1.5  mm.  latis.  Folia  membranacea,  lanceolata  v.  oblongo-lanceolata,  acuminata, 
basi  cuneata,  serrata  dentibus  late  triangularibus  v.  rotundatis  mucronatis,  14- 
28  cm.  longa  et  4-7  cm.  lata,  supra  laete  viridia,  glabra,  subtua  tomento  fulvo- 
cinereo  tenui  obtecta  costa  media  glabrescente  excepta,  costa  nervis  venuUs  supra 
leviter  impressis  subtus  elevatis;  petioU  fulvo-tomentosi,  glabrescentes,  circiter 
1  cm.  longi.  Paniculae  plures,  anguste  cylindricae,  10-20  longae  et  1.5-2.5 
diam.,  laxe  fulvo-tomentosae  e  cymis  plurifloris  inferioribus  breviter  v.  brevissime 
pedunculatis  superioribus  sessilibus  et  paucifloris  bracteis  bracteolisque  subulatis 
instructis  compositae;  flores  subsessiles  v.  brevissime  pedicellati;  calyx  campanu- 
latus,  extus  fulvo-tomentosus,  3  mm.  longus,  dentibus  triangularibus  1  mm.  longis; 
corolla  lilacina,  extus  tomentosa,  tubo  5  mm.  longo  intus  in  parte  superiore  vil- 
loso;  stamina  paullo  infra  faucem  inserta,  filamentis  brevissimis,  antheris  ovato- 
oblongis  basi  cordatis  apice  fere  basim  limbi  attingentibus;  ovarium  villosum; 
stylus  tubo  paullo  brevior,  stigmate  clavato.  Capsula  (juvenilis)  cyUndrico- 
oblonga,  acuta,  sparse  villosa,  basi  calyce  et  corolla  persistente  plus  minus  fissa 
circumdata. 

Western  Szeeh'uan:  without  precise  locaUty,  in  a  ravine,  alt.  1300  m., 
August  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4118). 

Buddleia  alata  differs  from  all  the  aUied  species  in  its  four- winged  stems.  It  seems 
most  nearly  related  to  B.  albiflora  Hemsley,  which  is,  however,  easily  distinguished 
by  its  glabrous  or  glabrescent  corolla,  by  the  glabrous  ovary,  shorter  style  and  by 
the  subterete  stems. 


LOGANIACEAE.  —  BUDDLEIA  571 

Western  Szech'uan:  west  and  near  Wen-ch'uan  Hsien,  Min 
Valley,  roadside  thickets,  alt.  1300-1600  m..  May  25,  1908  (No.  3353); 
same  locality,  alt.  1300-2100  m.,  August  1908  (No.  3359);  same 
locality,  1300-2000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4389);  vicinity  of  Tachien- 
lu,  thickets,  alt.  1300-3800  m.,  July  and  August  1908  (Nos.  3357, 
3351);  vicinity  of  Tachien-lu,  dry  regions,  Tung  Valley,  alt.  1300- 
2000  m.,  October  1910  (No.  4403);  Mupin,  thickets,  alt.  1600-2000 
m.,  July  and  October  1908  (Nos.  3354, 1351*);  without  precise  locality, 
alt.  2500  m.,  July  1903  (Veitch  Exped.  No.  4119). 

This  variety  is  much  more  widely  distributed  than  the  type  and  is  readily  dis- 
tinguished by  its  usually  solitary  terminal  panicle  and  much  larger  flowers  attain- 
ing 5  mm.  in  diameter;  the  leaves  are  usually  pubescent  above  and  vary  in  size 
and  are  sometimes  nearly  entire,  coarsely  serrate  or  sinuately-toothed.  The 
young  branches  are  often  nearly  square.  Very  rarely  the  primary  panicle  is  sub- 
tended by  one  or  two  short  lateral  panicles  whereas  in  the  type  there  are  always 
several  panicles  clustered  at  the  ends  of  the  shoots.  In  No.  3354  the  peduncles 
of  the  cymes  are  unusually  long  and  in  consequence  form  a  rather  lax  caudate 
panicle.  No.  3357  differs  in  having  short  calyx-teeth.  It  is  possible  that  more 
than  one  variety  should  be  distinguished  in  the  above  numbers  but  all  grada- 
tions are  present.  No.  4119  is  one  of  the  specimens  quoted  by  Dop  for  his  B. 
macrostachya,  var.  yunnanensis. 

Here  may  be  added  the  following  species  from  Yunnan: 

Buddleia  Henryi  Rehder  &  Wilson,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-5-metralis  v.  arbor  6-metralis  v.  ultra;  ramuH  hornotini  leviter  angu- 
lati  laxe  cinereo-tomentosi.  Folia  membranacea,  lanceolata  v.  lanceolato-oblonga, 
utrinque  sensim  attenuate,  acuminata,  12-35  cm.  longa  et  2.5-7.5  cm.  lata  crenato- 
serrata  dentibus  brevibus  mucronulatis,  v.  rarius  subintegra,  supra  obscure 
viridia  et  glabra,  subtus  dense  cinereo-tomentosa,  costa  venisque  supra  impressis 
subtus  elevatis;  petioli  tomentosi,  0.5-2  cm.  longi.  Paniculae  plures  in  apice 
ramulorum,  anguste  cylindricae,  12-25  cm.  longae  et  circiter  2  cm.  diam.,  e  cymis 
approximatis  2-6-floris  fere  sessilibus  v.  basin  versus  brevissime  pedunculatis 
bracteis  bracteolisque  subulatis  instructis  compositae,  stellato-pilosae;  flores 
sessiles  v.  ad  2  mm.  longe  pedicellati  pedicellis  glabrescentibus  v.  glabris;  calyx 
campanulatus,  2.5-3.5  mm.  longus,  sinuato-dentatus  dentibus  anguste  triangu- 
laribus  acuminatis  1-2  mm.  longis,  extus  sparse  stellato-pilosus  v.  fere  glaber; 
corolla  decidua,  camea  tubo  cylindrico,  7-8  mm.  longa  extus  glabra  pilis  paucis 
ad  basin  limbi  exceptis,  intus  sparse  villosa,  lobis  patentibus  rotundatis,  circiter 
2  mm.  longis  margine  leviter  irregularibus  extus  initio  villosis;  antherae  subsessiles, 
ovato-oblongae,  1  mm.  longae,  apice  basin  limbi  attingentes;  ovarium  ovoideum 
f ulvo-tomentosum ;  stylus  glaber,  dimidium  tubi  superans,  3  mm.  longus,  stigmate 
clavato.  Capsula  (immatura)  ovoideo-oblonga,  acuta,  fere  glabra,  pedicello 
recurvato. 

Yunnan:  south-east  of  Mengtze,  woods  and  ravines,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry 
(Nos.  9025,  type,  9025*'). 

This  species  is  apparently  most  closely  related  to  B.  longifolia  Gagnepain,  which 
differs  chiefly  in  the  tube  of  the  calyx  being  as  long  as  its  obtuse  teeth,  in  the  pedi- 
cellate flowers,  the  pedicels  equalling  the  calyx,  in  the  larger  corolla  and  broader 
inflorescence.    It  is  also  related  to  B,  macrostachya  VVallich,  but  that  species  is 


572  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

easily  distinguished  by  its  dense  inflorescence  with  upright  tomentose  capsules, 
larger  tomentose  corolla  and  smaller  firmer  leaves.  In  B.  Henryi  and  these  two 
species  the  corolla  is  deciduous,  while  in  most  species  of  this  genus  it  is  persistent 
or  at  least  tardily  deciduous.  This  deciduous  corolla  and  the  distinctly  recurved 
glabrous  capsules  give  our  species  a  very  distinct  appearance. 

Buddleia  macrostachya  Wallich  apud  Bentham,  Scrophul.  Ind.  42  (1835);  in 
De  Candolle,  Prodr.  X.  447  (1846).  —  Clarke  in  Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  IV.  81 
(1885).  —  Dop  in  Bull.  Soc.  Bot.  France,  LVII.  Mem.  XIX.  7  (1910).  —  Gagnepain 
in  Lecomte  Not.  Syst.  I.  190  (1912). 

Buddleia  Martii  Schmidt  in  Jour.  Bot.  VI.  245  (1868). 

Yunnan:  Feng-chen-lin,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  1025P);  Mengtze, 
A.  Henry  (No.  10251);  Szemao,  western  mountains,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (Nos. 
10251^  10251d). 

This  species  has  not  yet  been  reported  from  China,  but  the  specimens  quoted 
above  agree  exactly  with  specimens  of  B.  macrostachya  from  the  Khasia  hills. 


SCROPHULARIACEAE. 

Determined  by  Alfred  Rehder. 

BRANDISIA  Hook.  f.  &  Thorns. 

Brandisia  Hancei,  Hooker  f.,  Fl  Brit.  Ind.  IV.  257  (1885).— 
Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  179  (1890). 

Brandisia  discolor  Hance  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XVIII,  299  (non  Hooker  f.  & 
Thomson)  (1880). 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  scrub-clad  hillsides,  alt.  30-300  ra., 
March  1907  (No.  3404);  without  locaHty,  A.  Henry  (No.  1150); 
Nanto  and  mountains  to  the  northward,  A.  Henry  (No.  3007). 
Yunnan :  Mengtze,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9013;  slender  shrub, 
1  m.,  flowers  yellow). 

No  good  description  of  this  species  has  been  published  so  far,  but  according  to 
Dr.  A.  B.  Rendle  of  the  British  Museum  who  kindly  compared  Wilson's  No.  3404 
with  the  type  of  B.  Hancei  Hook,  f .  from  Kweichou,  there  is  no  difference  between 
the  two  specimens.  Wilson's  specimen  also  agrees  perfectly  with  Henry's  speci- 
men from  Hupeh  referred  by  Hemsley  to  B.  Hancei.  Henry's  No.  9013  from 
Yunnan  differs  slightly  in  its  smaller  and  narrower  leaves. 

Besides  the  preceding  the  four  following  species  occur  in  Yunnan: 

Brandisia  discolor  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  VIII.  11,  t.  4 
(1865).  — Hooker  f.,  Fl.  Brit.  Ind.  IV.  257  (1885).  —  Brandis,  Ind.  Trees,  491 
(1906). 

Yunnan:  Szemao,  forests,  alt.  1300m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  12605^  climbing  shrub, 
to  5  m.,  yellow  flowers). 

Brandisia  laetevirens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-3-metralis,  sarmentosus;  ramuli  homotini  fulvo-tomentosi.  Folia 
chartacea,  verisimiliter  persistentia,  ovato-oblonga,  acuminata  v.  acuta,  basi  ro- 
tundata  v.  leviter  subcordata,  4.5-8  cm.  longa  at  1.8-3  cm.  lata,  margine  Integra 
et  leviter  revoluta,  supra  initio  sparse  fasciculato-pilosa,  mox  glabrescentia  et 
glabra,  laevia,  laete  luteo-viridia  (in  sicco),  subtus  dense  tomcnto  fasciculato  albo 
V.  flavescente  obtecta,  reticulata,  nervis  utrinsecus  5-6  supra  ut  costa  impressis 
subtus  elevatis;  petioli  stellato-tomentosi,  circiter  5  mm.  longi.  Flores  axillares, 
solitarii  v.  bini;  pcduncuh  graciles,  fulvo-tomentosi,  8-10  mm.  longi,  pendentes 
medio  bibracteati  bracteis  subulatis  calycis  basim  plcrumque  paullosuperantibus; 
calyx  campanulatus,  10-costatus,  circiter  1  cm.  longus,  extus  tomento  flavido 
obtectus,  intus  dense  sericeus,  lobis  ovato-triangularibus  acutis  3.5-4  mm.  longis, 
sinubus  acutis;  corolla  late  campanulata,  leviter  curvata,  bilabiata  circiter  2  cm. 
longa,  lutea  (ex  Henry),  extus  pallidc  stellato-tomentosa  ima  basi  excepta,  limbo 
intus  tomentoso,  tubo  intus  glabro,  labio  postico  magno  truncate  leviter  emar- 

573 


574  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

ginato,  antico  3-lobo  fere  dimidio  breviore  lobis  ovatis  acutis;  stylus  glaber, 
corollae  subaequilongus;  ovarium  dense  tomentosum.    Capsulam  non  vidi. 

Yunnan:  Szemao,  eastern  mountains,  alt.  1300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  12605). 

Brandisia  laetevirens  is  most  closely  related  to  B.  discolor  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson, 
which  differs  chiefly  in  its  smaller  5-ribbed  calyx  with  smaller  and  narrower  teeth 
separated  by  wide  sinuses,  narrower  corolla  covered  outside  with  brown  tomentum 
and  in  its  slenderer  petioled  leaves  dark  green  above  and  in  the  dried  state  almost 
black. 

Brandisia  glabrescens  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Frutex  2-metralis,  gracilis;  ramuli  tomento  fulvo  floccoso  obtecti,  demum  gla- 
brescentes.  Folia  chartacea,  ovato-oblonga,  longe  acuminata,  basi  rotundata  v. 
late  cuneata,  Integra  v.  sparse  minuteque  serrulata,  5-9  cm.  longa  et  1.5-3.5  cm. 
lata,  supra  initio  sparsissime  stellato-pilosa,  mox  glabra,  atroviridia,  subtus  palli- 
diora,  sparse,  ad  venas  densius  stellato-pilosa,  demum  glabrescentia  et  plerumque 
ad  venas  tantum  stellato-pilosa,  nervis  utrinsecus  6-7  subtus  elevatis  et  trabeculis 
elevatis  conjunctis;  petioli  tomentosi,  5-8  mm.  longi.  Flores  axillares,  solitarii  v. 
bini  superpositi;  pedicelli  graciles,  circiter  1  cm.  longi,  floccoso-tomentosi,  supra 
medium  bibracteati  bracteis  subulatis  basim  calycis  paullo  superantibus;  calyx 
campanulatus,  1.5-2  cm.  longus,  leviter  10-costatus,  minute  et  sparse,  basim  ver- 
sus densius  stellato-pilosus,  intus  pilosus,  dentibus  late  ovatis  acuminulatis  5  mm. 
longis;  corolla  bilabiata,  gibboso-curvata,  2.5-3  cm.  longa,  lutea  (ex  Henry),  extus 
dense  stellato-tomentosa,  tubo  intus  glabro,  limbo  intus  tomentoso,  labio  postico 
magno  truncato,  antico  3-lobato  fere  dimidio  breviore,  lobis  ovatis  subaequalibus; 
stamina  stylusque  corollae  subaequilonga;  stylus  glaber;  ovarium  dense  tomento- 
sum.   Capsula  ovoideo-oblonga,  demum  glabrescens,  circiter  1.5  cm.  longa. 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  forest,  alt.  2000  m.,  A.  Hmry  (No.  9176*);  south  of  Red 
River  from  Manmei,  alt.  2300  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9716). 

Brandisia  glabrescens  is  related  to  B.  discolor  Hooker  f.  &  Thomson,  which  is 
easily  distinguished  by  its  leaves  densely  tomentose  beneath,  by  the  much  smaller 
calyx  also  densely  tomentose  on  the  outside  and  by  the  smaller,  less  curved  corolla. 
In  its  large  calyx  B.  glabrescens  somewhat  resembles  B.  Hancei  Hooker  f.  which, 
however,  differs  from  it  in  its  short-petioled  cordate  leaves,  densely  tomentose 
beneath  and  rugulose  above. 

Brandisia  racemosa  Hemsley  in  Kew  Bull.  Misc.  Inform.  1895,  114,  —  OKver  in 
Hooker's  Icon.  XXIV.  t.  2383  (1895).  —  Schneider,  III.  Handb.  Laubholzk.  II. 
618,  fig.  399  c-h  (1911). 

Yunnan:  Mengtze,  alt.  1600  m.,  A.  Henry  (No.  9973;  hanging  down  from 
cliffs,  1  m.  long,  scarlet  flowers). 

With  its  pendulous  racemes  of  large  scarlet  flowers,  this  is  the  most  beautiful 
member  of  the  genus.  It  was  introduced  by  Mr.  Wilson  into  cultivation,  but  it 
could  not  be  grown  successfully,  as  it  is  apparently  parasitic  and  its  proper  host- 
plant  is  not  known. 

PAULOWNIA  Sieb.  &  Zucc. 

Paulownia  tomentosa  K.  Koch,  var.  lanata  Schneider,  III.  Handb. 
Lauhholzk.  II.  618  (1911). 

Paulownia  imperialis,  var.  y.  lanata  Dode  in  Bull.  Sac.  Dendr.  Prance,  1908, 
160. 


SCROPHULARIACEAE.  —  PAULOWNIA  575 

Western  Hupeh:  Fang  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1300-2000  m.,  May 
21  and  26  and  October  1907  (No.  769;  tree  6-14  m.,  0.3-2  m.  circum- 
ference, flowers  violet-purple,  throat  yellow).^ 

Paulownia  Fargesii  Franchet  in  Bull.  Mus.  Hist.  Nat.  Paris, 
II.  280  (1896).  — Dode  in  Bull.  Soc.  Dendr.  France,  1908,  161.— 
Schneider,  III.  Handh.  Laubholzk.  II.  618  (1911). 

Western  Szech'uan:  Yung-king  Hsien,  alt.  1250  m,.  May  1904 
(Veitch  Exped.  No.  4207;  tree  7  m.,  flowers  lavender,  fragrant);  Wa- 
shan,  common,  alt.  300-1300  m.,  June  1908  (No.  3170,  in  part;  tree 
12-20  m.  tall,  circumference  1-2  m.). 

Wilson's  No.  3170*  lacks  the  long  hairs  on  the  young  branchlets,  petioles  and 
veins,  and  the  young  leaves  are  thinly  tomentose  beneath  with  glabrous  veins, 
otherwise  in  the  shape  of  the  calyx  and  in  the  inflorescence  it  agrees  with  Wilson's 
No.  4207  which  answers  the  description  of  P.  Fargesii  in  every  respect,  except  that 
the  flowers,  according  to  Wilson's  note,  are  lavender,  though  in  the  dried  state  they 
certainly  look  white.  A  picture  of  this  tree  will  be  found  under  Nos.  47  and  79  of 
Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China,  Nos.  330  and 
331.  Henry's  No.  10831  from  Mengtze,  Yunnan,  agrees  in  many  respects  with 
Wilson's  No.  3170%  but  the  leaves  are  more  densely  pubescent,  about  as  much  as 
those  of  P.  tomentosa ;  the  flowers  are  mauve  colored  according  to  Henry's  notes  and 
are  shorter  and  broader;  in  the  shape  and  tomentum  of  the  calyx,  however,  the 
two  specimens  perfectly  agree. 

*  A  new  species  related  to  P.  tomentosa  is  the  following: 

Paulownia  glabrata  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  ramulis  pallide  flavo-cinereis  glabris.  FoUa  membranacea,  anguste 
triangulari-ovata,  acuminata,  basi  truncata,  15-18  cm.  longa  et  11-12  cm.  lata, 
maturitate  laete  viridia,  concoloria,  supra  glabra  pilis  sparsis  ad  costam  nervosque 
exceptis,  subtus  fere  glabra  pihs  sparsissimis  stellatis  exceptis;  petioU  glabri  v. 
apicem  versus  puberuh,  4-9  cm.  longi.  Flores  desiderantur.  Panicula  fructifera 
sine  pedunculo  circiter  20  cm.  longa;  rhachis  glabra;  cymae  2-3(-4)-florae,  pedun- 
culo  partiali  circiter  1  cm.  longo  glabrescenti  insidentes;  pedicelli  1.5-2  cm.  longi, 
fulvo-tomentosuli;  calyx  extus  intusque  dense  fulvo-tomentosus,  ultra  medium 
partitus,  lobis  oblongo-ovatis  obtusis.  Capsula  ovoidea,  subito  in  rostrum  con- 
tracta,  3  cm.  longa,  tomentosula. 

Shensi:  foot  of  Ta-pei-shan,  1910,  W.  Purdom. 

It  is  with  some  hesitation  that  I  describe  this  specimen  without  flowers  as  a  new 
species,  but  it  can  neither  be  united  with  P.  tomentosa  K.  Koch,  which  it  resembles 
in  the  inflorescence,  nor  with  P.  Fargesii  Franchet,  which  it  resembles  in  its  leaves. 
The  former  species  differs  in  its  broader  leaves  cordate  at  the  base  and  always,  even 
late  in  the  season,  tomentose  beneath  and  in  its  broader  and  shorter  calyx-lobes, 
while  P.  Fargesii  Franchet  is  distinguished  by  its  triangular-ovate,  acutish  calyx- 
lobes,  by  the  calyx-tube  glabrous  on  the  inside,  by  its  glandular  ovary  and  by  the 
almost  sessile  cymes  of  the  inflorescence  which  gives  it  a  narrow,  thyrsoid-like 
look;  at  the  base  it  bears  usually  two  elongated  equally  thyrsoid  branches. 


576  WILSON  EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

Paulownia  thyrsoidea  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  7-metralis,  ramis  robustis;  ramuli  hornotini  villoso-hirsuti, 
annotini  glabri,  griseo-brunnei,  lenticellati.  Folia  (juniora  nondum 
matura  tantum  vidi)  membranacea,  late  ovata,  acuminata,  basi  leviter 
cordata  v.  truncata  v.  interdum  e  basi  rotundata  abrupta  lateque 
cuneatim  in  petiolum  protracta,  remote  sinuato-dentata  v.  sinuato- 
lobata  lobis  dentibusque  latissimis  brevissimisque  mucronatis,  circiter 
8-10(-16)  cm.  longa  et  7-9(-14)  cm.  lata,  obscure  viridia,  concoloria, 
supra  initio  dense  glandulosa,  pilis  longis  hyalinis  intermixtis,  demum 
glabrescentia,  subtus  vix  glandulosa  pilis  brevibus  hyalinis  sparse 
conspersa  fasciculatis  v.  ramosis  paucis  intermixtis,  ad  venas  densius 
pilosa,  margine  pilis  hyalinis  ciliata;  petioli  3-12  cm.  longi,  initio 
dense  pilis  hyalinis  hirsuti,  glabrescentes.  Inflorescentia  magna,  20- 
30  cm.  longa,  paniculata,  deorsum  axes  laterales  10-18  cm.  longos  thyr- 
soideos  oppositos  glabros  v.  glabrescentes  gerens,  sursum  thyrsoidea, 
ut  axes  laterales  cymas  breviter  pedunculatas  v.  fere  sessiles  2-3- 
floras  rarius  unifloras  gerens;  pedicelli  dense  fulvo-tomentosi,  6-10 
mm.  longi,  pedunculo  cymarum  glabrescente  interdum  subnullo 
longiores;  calyx  turbinato-campanulatus,  extus  dense  fulvo-tomen- 
tosus,  intus  ad  marginem  tantum  tomentosus,  ceterum  glaber  v.  fere 
glaber,  circiter  12-14  mm.  longus,  dentes  triangulari-ovato-oblongi 
6-9  mm.  longi  et  3.5-5  mm.  lati,  acutiusculi;  corolla  campanulata, 
extus  breviter  pilosa  et  stipitato-glandulosa,  violaceo-coerulea,  limbo 
bilabiato  patente  circiter  4  cm.  diam.,  tubo  circiter  3  cm.  longo  et 
1  cm.  diam.,  pauUo  supra  basim  curvato  et  angustato  intus  glabro, 
lobis  rotundatis  1.5  cm.  diam.  intus  in  parte  superiore  breviter  pilosis 
ciliolatis;  stamina  breviora  dimidium  tubum  aequantia,  glabra,  an- 
theris  2  mm.  longis  patentibus;  stylus  glaber  glandulis  paucis  basim 
versus  exceptis,  staminibus  brevioribus  paullo  longior,  stigmate 
clavato  paullo  incrassato;  ovarium  glandulosum.  Capsula  ovoidea, 
leviter  compressa,  2.5  longa  et  14  mm.  lata,  locuHcida  et  imperfecta 
septicida,  parietibus  cartilagineis  fragilibus;  semina  nigra-brunnea, 
ovoidea,  1  mm.  longa,  cum  alis  hyalinis  basi  et  apice  emarginatis  v. 
incisis  circiter  3.5  mm.  longa  et  2.5  lata. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  cultivated,  alt.  40  m.,  April  1907  (No. 
3171,  type).  Fokien :  without  locality,  Dunn's  Exped.,  April  to  June 
1905  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hongkong,  No.  3369). 

Paulownia  thyrsoidea  seems  most  closely  related  to  P.  Fargesii  Franchet  which 
differs  in  its  much  larger,  white  or  pale  colored  flowers  with  the  tula  of  the  corolla 
about  5  cm.  long,  in  its  more  elongated,  entire  leaves  and  in  the  smaller  inflorescence. 


SCROPHULARIACEAE.  —  PAULOWNIA  577 

This  new  species  is  a  handsome  tree  with  its  large,  much  branched  panicles  of  lav- 
ender-colored flowers;  it  differs  from  all  other  species  of  the  genus  in  the  coarse 
dentation  of  the  leaves.  Its  native  habitat  is  still  unknown;  around  Ichang  it  is 
only  cultivated  and  the  specimen  from  Fokien  also  may  have  been  gathered  from 
a  cultivated  tree. 

Paulownia  recurva  Rehder,  n.  sp. 

Arbor  12-metralis,  trunco  ambitu  1.30  m.;  ramuli  juniores  tomento 
ochraceo-cinereo  laxo  obtecti,  annotini  cinereo-brunnei  glabri.  Folia 
membranacea  (juniora  tantum  vidi)  ovata,  acuminata,  basi  rotun- 
data  V.  truncata,  circiter  10  cm.  longa  et  7  cm.  lata,  supra  pilis  brevi- 
bus  simplicibus  et  fasciculatis  conspersa  glandulis  intermixtis,  subtus 
tomento  villoso  ochraceo-cinereo  obtecta;  petioli  initio  villoso-tomen- 
tosi.  Inflorescentia  paniculata,  circiter  20  cm.  longa,  glabra;  axes 
laterales  infimae  saepe  elongatae  et  paniculatae,  cetermn  cymosae 
5-1-florae  manifeste  pedunculatae  pedunculis  apicem  versus  decres- 
centibus  3.5-0.5  cm.  longis  glabris;  pedicelli  1.5-2  cm.  longi  apicem 
versus  tomentosuli;  calyx  extus  fere  glaber  v.  laxe  tomentosa  et 
glabrescens,  cupuliformis,  1.5  cm.  longus  et  2  cm.  diam.  lobis  erecto- 
patentibus  ovatis  7-8  mm.  longis  apice  rotundatis  et  recurvis,  intus 
undique  dense  tomentosus;  corolla  campanulata,  violaceo-purpurea, 
tubo  4-4.5  cm.  longo  et  1.5  cm.  diam.  paullo  supra  basim  angustato 
et  leviter  curvato  extus  pilis  brevibus  basim  versus  densius  consperso, 
limbo  bilabiate  4  cm.  diam.,  lobis  subrotundatis  intus  breviter 
pilosulis;  stamina  glabra,  tubum  dimidium  vix  superantia;  ovarium 
ovoideum,  dense  glandulosum;  stylus  basim  versus  glandulosus,  3.5 
cm.  longus,  limbum  fere  attingens.     Capsula  desideratur. 

Western  Hupeh:  Hsing-shan  Hsien,  woods,  alt.  1600  m.,  May 

1907  (No.  769"). 

This  species  seems  nearest  to  P.  tomentosa  K.  Koch,  which  differs  from  it  chiefly 
in  its  more  densely  fulvous-tomentose  leaves,  cordate  or  subcordate  at  the  base, 
in  the  densely  fulvous-tomentose  outer  surface  of  the  calyx  teeth  which  are  not  re- 
curved at  the  apex  and  in  the  tomentosa  inflorescence.  The  other  species  with 
their  calyx  glabrous  or  glabrescent  on  the  outside  differ  also  in  their  campanulate 
calyx  with  acutish  lobes  much  shorter  than  the  calyx-tube,  and  in  the  longer  and 
narrower  corolla. 

Paulownia  Duclouxii  Dode  in  Bull.  Soc.  Dendr.  France,  1908,  162. 

Western  Hupeh:  Ichang,  alt.,  300-1000  m.  April  1907  (No. 
3170;  tree  6-15  m.,  trunk  0.60-2.30  m.  diam.,  flowers  white  or  lavender- 
purple). 

Wilson's  No.  3170  seems  to  agree  fairly  well  with  Dodc's  description  of  P. 
Duclouxii,  of  which  I  have  not  seen  the  type  specimen.    Dode,  however,  says  it 


578  WILSON   EXPEDITION   TO   CHINA 

differs  from  P,  Fortunei  Hemsley  in  its  larger  calyx,  but  in  our  specimen  the  calyx 
is  about  2  cm.  long,  while  in  P.  Fortunei  it  is  2.5  cm.  long,  and  the  corolla  is  shorter 
than  that  of  P.  Fortunei,  not  exceeding  7  or  8  cm.  in  length.  A  picture  of  this 
tree  will  be  found  under  No.  485  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation 
oj  Western  China,  No.  332. 

Paulownia  Fortunei  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn.  Soc.  XXVI.  180  (1890).  — 
Dode  in  Bull.  Soc.  Dendr.  France,  1908,  162. 

Campsis  Fortunei  Seemann  in  Jour.  Bot.  V.  373  (1867). 

Paulownia  imperialis  Hance  in  Jour.  Bot.  XXIII.  326  (non  Siebold  &  Zuc- 
carini)  (1885). 

Kwangtung:  Hongkong  Botanic  Garden,  cultivated,  April  5, 
1909,  E.  H.  Wilson  (without  number).  Fokien:  without  locality, 
Dunn's  Exped.,  April  to  June  1905  (Herb.  Bot.  Gard.  Hongkong,  No. 
3369). 

A  picture  of  this  species  will  be  found  under  Nos.  655  (flowering  tree)  and  656 
(panicle)  of  Wilson's  photographs  and  also  in  his  Vegetation  of  Western  China, 
Nos.  328  and  329.  To  P.  Fortunei  or  P.  Duclouxii  belongs  apparently  Henry's 
No.  10831*'  from  Mengtze,  Yunnan;  the  specimen  consists  only  of  mature  leaves 
and  a  small  panicle  in  bud. 


£>.  H,  HILL  L1B«AW^ 
Morth  Carolina  State 


CORRECTIONS. 

Pinus  Annandii  (p.  1).    In  the  synonym  Pinus  Mastersiana  change  date  from 

1898  to  1908. 
Hydrangea  Davidii  (p.  25).     Add  a8  a  synonym;  Hydrangea  Arbostiana  L^veill6 
in  Bull.  Acad.  Intern.  Geog.  Bot.  XII.  115  (1903).  — Cf.  Rehder  in  Mitt. 
Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  186  (1912). 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  glabrescens  (p.  27).    This  variety  is  to  be  referred 
to  H.  Bretschneideri  as  Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  glabrescens  Reh- 
der.—Cf.  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  186  (1912). 
Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  setchuenensis   (p.  28).    This  variety  is  to  be 
referred    to    H.    xanthoneura  as    Hydrangea   xanthoneura,  var.   setchu- 
enensis Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  186  (1912). 
Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  lancifolia  (p.  28).     This  variety  is  to  be  referred 
to  H.  xanthoneura  as  Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  lancifolia  Rehder  in 
Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  186  (1912). 
Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  angustifolia   (p.  32).     The  citation  of  the  sjmonym 
should  read:   Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  ?  angustifolia  Hemsley  in  Jour.  Linn. 
Soc.  XXIII.  273  (1887). 
Rubus  simplex  (p.  48).     Date  1854  should  read  1890. 
Acer  sutchuense  (p.  97).     Read  Acer  sutchuenense. 

Ampelopsis   heterophylla,  var.  amurensis   (p.   100).     The    A.   heterophylla,  var. 
amurensis  Planchon  does  not  seem  to  occur  in  central  and  western  China. 
Most  of  the  specimens  enumerated  under  this  variety  belong  to  the  fol- 
lowing species: 
Ampelopsis  micans  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  188  (1912), 
Vitis  repens  Veitch,  Novelties  1908-1909,  8,  fig.  p.  29  (non  Wight  &  Amott) 

(1908). 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  amurensis  Gagnepain  in  Sargent,  PI.  Wilson. 
I.  100  (pro  parte,  non  Planchon)   (1911). 
Western  Hupeh:  (Nos.  157,  type,  129,  159,  2721,  2723),  Veitch  Exped. 
(Nos.  1141,  114P). 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  cinerea  (p.  101).    The  two  specimens  enumerated 
under  this  variety  belong  to  two  different  species: 
Ampelopsis  micans,  var.  cinerea  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI. 
189  (1912). 
Ampelopsis   heterophylla,   var.  cinerea   Gagnepain   in   Sargent,    PI.  Wilson. 
I.  101  (pro  parte)  (1911). 
Western  Hupeh:  (No.  2736,  type;  also  Nos.  168,  2718,  2719,  2722  and 
A.  von  Roslhorn's  No.  1557). 

Only  No.  2736  represents  the  typical  form  of  this  variety,  all  the  other 
numbers  are  transitions  toward  the  type  of  the  species. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  vestita  Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges. 
XXI.  189  (1912). 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  cinerea  Gagnepain  in  Sargent,  PI.  Wilson.     1. 101 
(1911),  quoad  specimen  No.  2720. 
579 


580  CORRECTIONS 

Western  Hupeh:  (No.  2720). 

No.  1703  from  Kiangai  belongs  to  A.  heterophylla,  but  not  to  the  var. 
amurensis]  it  is  possibly  a  new  variety. 
Parthenocissus  Henryana  (p.  101).    Wilson's  No.  440  does  not  belong  here,  but 
is  the  type  of  the  following  species: 
Parthenocissus  laetevirens  Rehder  in  Mitt,  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  190 
(1912). 
Parthenocissus  Henryana  Gagnepain  in  Sargent,  PI.  Wilson.     I.  101  (1911), 
quoad  specimen  No.  440. 
Western  Hupeh:    (No.  440,  type;  Veitch  Exped.  Nos.  1414,  1414^  in 
part,  flowering  specimens  only). 
Parthenocissus  himalayana,  var.  rubrifolia  (p.  101).    The  synonym  ParthenociS' 
sus   sinensis  Diels  &  Gilg  belongs   to    Vitis    Piasezkii  Maximo wicz.  —  Cf. 
Rehder  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  192  (1912). 
Lonicera  pileata  (p.  135).    Wilson's  No.  883  enumerated  under  this  species  is  the 
type  of  the  following  species: 
Lonicera  nitida  Wilson  in  Gard.  Chron.  ser.  3,  L.  102  (1911). 

Lonicera  pileata  Rehder  in  Sargent,  PI.  Wilson.     I.  135  (1911),  quoad  speci- 
men No.  833. 
Western  Szech'uan:  (No.  833). 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  (p.  245).    The  Prunus  pseudocerasus  Lindley  belongs  to 
the   subsect.    Ceraseidos   Koehne,  ser.    Euceraseidos  Koehne;  the  name  P. 
pseudocerasus  as  used  in  this  work  should  be  replaced   by    the   following 
name: 
Prunus  Sieboldii  Wittmack  in  Gartenfl.  LI.  272  (1902).  —  Cf .  Koehne  in  Fedde, 
Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  XI.  267,  270  (1912)  and  in  Mitt.  Deutsch.  Dendr.  Ges.  XXI. 
182  (1912). 
Prunus  serrulata  (p.  246).     Instead  of  Prunus  donarium  Siebold  read:  Prunus 
donarium  Koidzumi  in  Tokyo  Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  259  (1911).— Cf.  Koehne 
in  Fedde,  Rep.  Nov.  Sp.  XI.  267  (1912). 
Prunus  Tschonoskii  (p.  261).    Add  as  a  synonym:  Prunus  crassipes  Koidzumi  in 
Tohjo   Bot.  Mag.  XXV.  260  (1911).  — Cf.  Koehne  in    Fedde,  Rep.   Nov. 
Sp.  XI.  274  (1912). 
Prunus  trifiora  (p.  276).    Professor  Koehne  informed  us  in  his  letter  of  Decem- 
ber 10,  1912,  that  Prunus  salicina  Lindley  in  Trans.  Hort.  Soc.  VII.  239 
(1830),  of  which  he  had  recently  seen  the  type  specimen,  is  the  same  as 
P.  triflora,  and  the  oldest  name  for  this  species,  as  Prunus  trifiora  Rox- 
burgh, though   pubUshed  as  a  nomen  nudum   as  early  as   1814,  was  not 
described  until  1832. 
Styrax  Wilsonii  (p.  293).     PubUshed  independently  two  months  later  under  the 

same  name  by  Rolfe  in  Bot.  Mag.  CXXXVIII.  t.  8444  (July  1912). 
Pterostyrax  hispidus  (p.  295).    Citation  for  Halesia  hispida  Masters  should  read: 

Gard.  Chron.  ser.  2,  XXII.  176,  fig.  34  (1884). 
Forsythia  suspensa  (p.  302).    Wilson's  specimens  differ  somewhat  from  typical  F. 
suspensa,  var.  Fortunei,  and  have  been  distinguished  as: 
Forsythia  suspensa,  var.  Fortunei,  f.  atrocaulis  Rehd'~'*  in  Mitt.  Deutsch. 
Dendr.  Ges.  XXI.  193  (1912). 
Forsythia  suspensa  Rehder  in  Sargent,  PI.  Wilson,     I.  302  (1912),  quoad 
specimina  citata. 


Western  Hupeh:  (No.  637). 


INDEX 


INDEX 


Names  of  families  are  in  small  capitals;  names  of  admitted  genera,  subgenera,  sections  and 
species  in  roman  type;  synonyms  in  italics. 


Abelia,  118. 

Abelia  adenotricha,  129. 

Abelia  angustifolia,  124,  128. 

Abelia  Aschersoniana,  124,  127. 

Abelia  biflora,  125,  128. 

Abelia  Buchwaldii,  123,  125. 

Abelia  chinensis,  121,  124,  127. 

Abelia  chinensis  X  uniflora,  128. 

Abelia  coriacea,  124,  127. 

Abelia  corymbosa,  124,  128. 

Abelia  Davidii,  128. 

Abelia  Dielsii,  125,  128. 

Abelia  Engleriana,  120,  123,  126. 

Abelia  floribunda,  124,  127. 

Abelia  floribunda  hybrida,  128. 

Abelia  Graebneriana,  118,  123,  126. 

Abelia  grandiflora,  128. 

Abelia  gymnocarpa,  123,  125. 

Abelia  Hanceana,  121. 

Abelia  hirsuta,  127. 

Abelia  Koehneana,  124,  126. 

Abelia  longituba,  123,  126.- 

Abelia  macrotera,  123,  126. 

Abelia  multiflora  hijbrida,  128. 

Abelia  myrtilloides,  120,  124,  127. 

Abelia  onkocarpa,  125,  128. 

Abelia  parvifolia,  121,  124. 

Abelia  rupestris,  124,  127. 

Abelia  rupestris,  128. 

Abelia  rupestris  alba,  128. 

Abelia  rupestris,  var.  grandiflora,  128. 

Abelia  rupestris  hybrida,  128. 

Abelia  Schumannii,  121,  124,  127. 

Abelia  serrata,  123,  125. 

Abelia  serrata,  118,  125. 

Abelia  shikokiana,  128. 

Abelia  spathulata,  123,  125. 

Abelia  speciosa,  127. 

Abelia  splendens,  129. 

Abelia  tereticalyx,  124,  127. 

Abelia  triflora,  124,  127. 

Abelia  triflora,  var.  parvifolia,  128. 


Abelia  umbellata,  122,  125,  128. 
Abelia  uniflora,  123,  126. 
Abelia  uniflora,  118. 
Abelia  Zanderi,  121,  125,  128. 
Acer,  83. 

Acer  amplum,  86. 
Acer  amplum,  var.  tientaiense,  87. 
Acer  betutifolium,  95. 
Acer  caesium,  90. 
Acer  caudatum,  91. 
Acer  caudatum,  var.  multiserratum, 
Acer  caudatum,  var.  Prattii,  91. 
Acer  cappadocicum,  84. 
Acer  cappadocicum,  f.  horticola.  Si 
Acer  cappadocicum,  var.  indicum, 
Acer  cappadocicum,  var.  sinicum, 
Acer  cappadocicum,  f .  tricaudatum, 
Acer  cappadocicum,  f.  tricolor,  86. 
Acer  catalpifolium,  87. 
Acer  ceriferum,  89. 
Acer  cordatum,  92. 
Acer  cidtratum,  86. 
Acer  Davidii,  92. 
Acer  erianthum,  90. 
Acer  Fargesii,  92. 
Acer  flabellatum,  91. 
Acer  Franchetii,  97. 
Acer  fulvescens,  84. 
Acer  Giraldii,  90. 
Acer  griseum,  97. 
Acer  Henryi,  97. 
Acer  laetum,  84. 
Acer  laetum,  var.  colchiciim,  86. 
Acer  laetum,  var.  cultratum,  85,  86 
Acer  laetum,  f.  horticola,  86. 
Acer  laetum,  var.  indicum,  86. 
Acer  laetum  y  parviflorum,  S3. 
Acer  laetum,  var.  Regelii,  86. 
Acer  laetum,  f.  rubrum,  86. 
Acer  laetum,  var.  tomentosulum,  86, 
Acer  laetum,  var.  tricaudatum,  86. 
Acer  laetum,  f.  tricolor,  86. 
583 


91. 


85. 


88. 


584 


INDEX 


Acer  laetum,  f.  viride,  86. 

Acer  laevigatum,  92. 

Acer  laxiflorum,  93. 

Acer  laxiflorum,  var.  longilobum,  94. 

Acer  Lobelii,  subsp.  laetum,  var.  indi- 

cum,  86. 
Acer  longipes,  86,  88. 
Acer  longipes,  var.  tientaiense,  87. 
Acer  Maximowiczii,  94. 
Acer  mono,  83. 

Acer  monspessulanum,  var.  p,  84. 
Acer  nikoense,  98. 
Acer  nikoense,  var.  griseum,  97. 
Acer  nikoense,  var.  megalocarpum,  98. 
Acer  oblongum,  92. 
Acer  oblongum,  var.  latialatum,  92. 
Acer  Oliverianum,  90. 
Acer  Oliverianum,  var.  serrulatum,  90. 
Acer  palmatum,  88. 
Acer  Pavolinii,  93. 
Acer  pictum,  83. 
Acer  pictum,  var.  mono,  83. 
Acer  pictum,  var.  parviflorum,  83. 
Acer  robustum,  89. 
Acer  sinense,  90. 
Acer  sutchuenense,  97,  579. 
Acer  tataricum,  91. 
Acer  tetramerum,  94. 
Acer  tetramerum,  95. 
Acer  tetramerum,   var.   betulifolium, 

95. 
Acer  tetramerum,  var.  betulifolium,  f. 

latialatum,  95. 
Acer  tetramerum,  var.  elobulatum,  95. 
Acer  tetramerum,  var.  elobulatum,  f. 

longeracemosum,  96. 
Acer  tetramerum,  var.  tiliifolium,  96. 
Acer  trifidum,  91. 
Acer  trifidum,  var.  ningpoense,  92. 
Acer  turkestanicum,  86. 
Acer  urophyllum,  94. 
Acer  Wilsonii,  90. 
Acer  Wilsonii,  var.  serrulatum,  90. 

ACERACEAE,    83. 

Aesculus,  498. 
Aesculus  chinensis,  499. 
Aesculus  chinensis,  498. 
Aesculus  indica,  498. 
Aesculus  Wilsonii,  498. 
Agapetes  Sprengelii,  557. 
Akebia,  347. 
Akebia  Chaffanjoni,  348. 
Akebia  lobata,  348. 


Akebia  lobata,  var.  australis,  348. 

Akebia  lobata,  var.  clematifolia,  348. 

Akebia  longeracemosa,  349. 

Akebia  quercifolia,  348. 

Akebia  quinata,  347. 

Akebia  quinata,   var.  longeracemosa, 

349. 
Alniphyllum,  294. 
Alniphyllum  Fortunei,  294. 
Alniphyllum  macranthum,  294. 
Alniphyllum  megaphyllum,  294. 
Alniphyllum  pterospermum,  294. 
Altingia  yunnanensis,  422. 
Amblyodon,  228,  236,  262. 
Amelanchier,  195. 
Amelanchier  asiatica,  195. 
Amelanchier  asiatica,  195. 
Amelanchier  asiatica,  var.  sinica,  195. 
Amelanchier    canadensis,    var.   japon- 

ica,  195. 
Amelanchier  japonica,  195. 
Amelanchier  racemosa,  456. 
Ampelopsis,  100. 
Ampelopsis  aconitifolia,  100. 
Ampelopsis  Delavayana,  100. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  102. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  amuren- 

sis,  100,  579. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  amuren- 

sis,  579. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  cinerea, 

101,  579. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  cinerea, 

579. 
Ampelopsis   heterophylla,   var.    Dela- 
vayana, 100. 
Ampelopsis   heterophylla,    var.    Gen- 

tiliana,  100. 
Ampelopsis  heterophylla,  var.  vestita, 

679. 
Ampelopsis  himalayana,  101. 
Ampelopsis  megalophylla,  101. 
Ampelopsis  micans,  579. 
Ampelopsis  micans,  var.  cinerea,  579. 
Ampelopsis  tricuspidata,  102. 
Amphicome,  303. 
Amphicome  argu.a,  303. 
Amygdalocerasus,  229,  237,  268. 
Amygdalopsis  Lindleyi,  274. 
Amygdalus,  271. 
Amygdalus  communis,  var.  tangutica, 

276. 
Amygdalus  Heuckeana,  276. 


INDEX 


585 


Amygdalus  indica  nana,  265. 
Amygdalus  pedunculata,  274. 
Amygdalus  Persica,  273. 
Amygdalus    Persica,    var.    monstrosa, 

275. 
Amygdalus  Persica,  /3  nectarina,  275. 
Amygdalus  Persica,  p  Nucipersica,  275. 
Amygdalus  Persica,  var.  stellata,  275. 
Amygdalus  pilosa,  275. 
Amygdalus  pumila,  263,  267. 
Amygdalus  tangutica,  276. 
Andromeda  chinensis,  559. 
Andromeda  elliptica,  552. 
Andromeda  lanceolata,  552. 
Andromeda  ovalifolia,  552. 
Andromeda  squamulosa,  552. 
Andromeda  villosa,  553. 
Anemone  uei  Anemonoides,  325. 
Anemone  cwrto,  332. 
Anemone  japonica,  325. 
Aphanadenium,  227,  229,  238. 
Aquifoliaceae,  76. 
Ar6ii<i<s  alpina,  556. 
Arctostaphylos  alpina,  556. 
Arctous,  556. 
Arctous  alpinus,  556. 
Arctous  alpinus,  var.  ruber,  556. 
Armeniaca,  279,  280. 
Armeniaca,  280. 
Armenmca  mume,  278. 
Armeniaca  sibirica,  281. 
Armeniaca  vulgaris,  278. 
Aronia  asiatica,  195. 
Airagene  florida,  325. 
Airaf^ene  indica,  325. 
Aucuparia,  457. 
Azalea,  546. 
Azalea  indica,  547. 
Azalea  indica,  var.  Simsii,  547. 
AzaZea  japonica,  549. 
Azalea  mollis,  549. 
yl2«7ea  myrlifolia,  547. 
AzaZea  o^ato,  547. 
Azalea  pontica,  var.  sinensis,  549. 
Azalea  sinensis,  549. 
Azaleastrum,  546. 

Berberidaceae,  353. 
Berberis,  353. 
Berberis  acuminata,  367. 
Berberis  acuminata,  358,  363. 
Berberis  aggregata,  375. 
Berberis  Ambrozyana,  356. 


Berberis  amurensis,  375. 
Berberis  arguta,  366. 
Berberis  Asmyana,  357,  367. 
Berberis  barandana,  366. 
Berberis  Bergmanniae,  362,  365. 
Berberis  Bergmanniae,  var.  acantho- 

phylla,  362. 
Berberis  Boschanii,  369. 
Berberis  brachypoda,  375. 
Berberis  candidula,  357,  367. 
Berberis  Caroli,  var.  hoanghensis,  368. 
Berberis  Delavayi,  364,  367. 
Berberis  diaphana,  353,  354. 
Berberis  diaphana,  var.  circumserrata, 

354. 
Berberis  dictyoneura,  374. 
Berberis  dictyophylla,  353. 
Berberis  dictyophylla,  var.  epruinosa, 

353. 
Berberis  Ferdinandi-Coburgii,  364,  366. 
Berberis  Fortunei,  380. 
Berberis  Francisci-Ferdinandi,  367. 
Berberis  Gagnepainii,  358,  367. 
Berberis  Gilgiana,  375. 
Berberis  gracilipes,  385. 
Berberis  Griffithiana,  364,  366. 
Berberis  Hookeri,  var.  candidula,  357. 
Berberis  insignis,  366. 
Berberis  japonica,  382. 
Berberis  Julianae,  360,  365. 
Berberis  Lecomtei,  373. 
Berberis  levis,  360,  366. 
Berberis  Liechtensteinii,  377. 
Berberis  macrosepala,  354. 
Berberis  Mouillacana,  371. 
Berberis  nepalensis,  382. 
Berberis  Poiretii,  372. 
Berberis  Poiretii,  f.  weichangensis,  372. 
Berberis  polyantha,  376. 
Berberis  polyantha,  var.  oblanceolata, 

376. 
Berberis  Prattii,  376. 
Berberis  Prattii,  var.  recurvata,  377. 
Berberis  pruinosa,  365. 
Berberis  Purdomii,  372. 
Berberis  sanguinea,  359,  367. 
Berberis  sanguinea,  359. 
Berberis  Sargentiana,  359,  366. 
Berberis  Silva-Taroncana,  370. 
Berberis  sinerisis,  372. 
Berberis  sinensis,  /3  angustifolia,  372. 
Berberis  sinensis,  var.  typica,  373. 
Berberis  Soulieana,  360. 


586 


INDEX 


Berberis  stenophylla,  360. 
Berberis  subacuminata,  363,  367. 
Berberis  subcaulialata,  369. 
Berberis  subtriplinervis,  385. 
Berberis  thibetica,  369. 
Berberis  Thunbergii,  var.  glabra,  373. 
Berberis  Tischleri,  355. 
Berberis  triacanthophora,  358,  367. 
Berberis  trifurca,  380. 
Berberis  Veitchii,  363,  367. 
Berberis   Veiichiorum,  383. 
Berberis  Vernae,  372. 
Berberis  verruculosa,  357,  367. 
Berberis  Wallichiana,  366. 
Berberis  Wallichiana,  f.  arguta,  366. 
Berberis  Wallichiana,  var.  microcarpa, 

361,  366. 
Berberis  Wallichiana,  var.  pallida,  357, 

364. 
Berberis   Wallichiana,  var.   parvifolia, 

364. 
Berberis  Wilsonae,  368. 
Berberis  yunnanensis,  354,  355. 
Berberis  yunnanensis,  353. 
Bignonia  Catalpa,  304. 
Bignonia  chinensis,  303. 
Bignonia  grandiflora,  303. 

BiGNONIACEAE,  303. 

Brandisia,  573. 

Brandisia  discolor,  573. 

Brandisia  discolor,  573. 

Brandisia  glabrescens,  574. 

Brandisia  Hancei,  573. 

Brandisia  laetevirens,  573. 

Brandisia  racemosa,  574. 

Buddleia,  564. 

Buddleia  acuminatissima,  566. 

Buddleia  alata,  570. 

Buddleia  albiflora,  569. 

Buddleia  albiflora,  var.  Giraldii,  569. 

Buddleia   albiflora,    var.    Hemsleyana, 

569. 
Buddleia  asiatica,  566. 
Buddleia  Davidii,  567. 
Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  alba,  568. 
Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  magnifica,  567. 
Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  superba,  568. 
Buddleia  Davidii,  var.  Wilsonii,  568. 
Buddleia  discolor,  566. 
Buddleia  Giraldii,  569. 
Buddleia  Hemsleyana,  569. 
Buddleia  Henryi,  571. 
Buddleia  Lindleyana,  564. 


Buddleia  Lindleyana,  var.  sinuato- 
dentata,  564. 

Buddleia  macrostachya,  572. 

Buddleia  macrostachya,  var.  yunnanen- 
sis, 570. 

Buddleia  madagascariensis,  565. 

Budleia  Mariii,  572. 

Budleia  Neemda,  566. 

Buddleia  nivea,  570. 

Buddleia  nivea,  var.  yunnanensis,  570. 

Buddleia  officinalis,  565. 

Buddleia  salicina,  566. 

Buddleia  serrulata,  566. 

Buddleia  stenostachya,  565. 

Buddleia  subserrata,  566. 

Buddleia  variabilis,  567. 

Buddleia  variabilis  magnifica,  567. 

Buddleia  variabilis,  var.  superba,  568. 

Buddleia  variabilis,  var.  Wilsonii,  568. 

Buddleia  virgata,  566. 

Buddleia  yunnanensis,  564. 

Buergeria  obovata,  403. 

Buergeria  salicifolia,  408. 

Buergeria  stellata,  409. 

Butneria  praecox,  419. 

Callicarpa  vastifolia,  310. 

Calycanthaceab,  419. 

Calycanthus  nitens,  420. 

Calycanthus  praecox,  419. 

Calycinia,  71,  73. 

Calycopadus,  71,  73. 

Calyptranthe,  36,  40. 

Campsis,  303. 

Campsis  adrepens,  303. 

Campsis  chinensis,  303. 

Campsis  Fortunei,  578. 

Campsis  grandiflora,  303. 

Capollinia,  71,  73. 

Caprifoliaceae,  106,  306. 

Caprifolium  praecox,  138. 

Cardiandra,  24. 

Cardiandra  sinensis,  24. 

Carrierea,  284. 

Carrierea  calycina,  284. 

Cassiope,  u51. 

Cassiope  selaginoides,  551. 

Catalpa,  303. 

Catalpa  bignonioides,  ^  ?  Kaempferi,  304. 

Catalpa  Duclouxii,  304. 

Catalpa  Fargesii,  305. 

Catalpa  Henryi,  304. 

Catalpa  Kaempferi,  304. 


INDEX 


587 


Catalpa  ovata,  303. 

Catalpa  sutchuenensis,  304. 

Catalpa  vestita,  305. 

Cayratia,  99. 

Cayratia  oligocarpa,  99. 

Ca3'ratia  tenuifolia,  99. 

Cebatha  Miqueliana,  387. 

Cebatha  orbiculata,  388. 

Celastraceae,  484. 

Celastrus  alatus,  493. 

Celastrus  striatus,  493. 

Ceraseidos,  228,  234,  257. 

Ceraseidos  apetala,  258,  261. 

Cerasus,  197. 

Cerasus  californica,  237. 

Cerasus  caproniana  fiore  rosea  pleno, 

248. 
Cerasus  donarium,  248. 
Cerasus  glandulosa,  263. 
Cerasus  Herincquiana,  214,  256. 
Cerasus  hippo phaeoides,  271. 
Cerasus  incisa,  258. 
Cerasus  Itosakura,  256. 
Cerasus  japonica,  265. 
Cerasus  japonica,  ^  multiplex,  264. 
Cerasus  Lannesiana,  247. 
Cerasus  Lyonii,  74. 
Cerasus  Padus,  72. 
Cerasus  paniculata,  245. 
Cerasus  pendula,  248,  256. 
Cerasus  pendula  flore  rosea,  256. 
Cerasus  pendula  rosea,  256. 
Cerasus  Phoshia,  254. 
Cerasus  Pseudocerasus,  245,  247. 
Cerasus  pseudocerasus  "James  Veitch," 

248. 
Cerasus  Puddum,  254. 
Cerastes  ru/a,  254. 
Cerasus  serratifolia  rosea,  248. 
Cerasus  serrulata,  246,  247. 
Cerasus  Sieboldii  rubra,  248. 
Cerasus  Sieboldtii,  246. 
Cerasus  toriuosa,  271. 
Cerasus  Watereri,  246. 
Cerasus  Wattererii,  246. 
Cercidiphyllaceae,  316. 
Cercidiphyllum,  316. 
Cercidiphyllum  japonicum,  316. 
Cercidiphyllum    japonicum,    var.    si- 

nense,  316. 
Chaenopetalum,  168. 
Chamaecerasus,  129. 
Chamaedryon,  438. 


Chimonanthus,  419. 
Chimonanthus  fragrans,  419. 
Chimonanthus  fragrans,    var.    grandi- 

flora,  420. 
Chimonanthus  nitens,   420. 
Chimonanthus  praecox,  419. 
Chimomanthus    praecox,    var.    grandi' 

florus,  420. 
Chionastrum,  546. 
Cissampelos  psilophylla,  390. 
Cissus  Landuk,  102. 
Cissus  serndata,  99. 
Cissus  tenuifolia,  99. 
Clematis,  319. 
Clematis  anemoniflora,  332. 
Clematis  anemonoides,  325. 
Clematis  apiifolia,  336. 
Clematis  apiifolia,  var.  obtusidentata, 

336. 
Clematis  Armandi,  326. 
Clematis   Armandi,   f.   Farquhariana, 

327. 
Clematis  Benthamiana,  330. 
Clematis  Biondiana,  326. 
Clematis  brevicaudata,  340. 
Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  filipes,  341. 
Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  lissocarpa, 

340. 
Clematis  brevicaudata,  var.  subsericea, 

341. 
Clematis  brevicaudata,   var.   tenuise- 

pala,  340. 
Clematis  Buchananiana,  324. 
Clematis   Buchananiana,    var.    trulli- 

fera,  325. 
Clematis  Buchaniana,  ^  vitifolia,  324. 
Clematis  cana,  339. 
Clematis  chinensis,  329. 
Clematis  chinensis,  330. 
Clematis  chinensis,  f .  vestita,  330. 
Clematis  crispa,  331. 
Clematis  Davidiana,  321. 
Clematis  Delavayi,  325. 
Clematis  Drakeana,  327. 
Clematis  eriopoda,  343. 
Clematis  Faberi,  320. 
Clematis  Fargesii,  335. 
Clematis  Fargesii,  var.  Souliei,  336. 
Clematis  fasciculiflora,  331. 
Clematis  Flammula  robusta,  331. 
Clematis  florida,  325. 
Clematis  fruticosa,  326. 
Clematis  fulvicoma,  327. 


588 


INDEX 


Clematis  funehris,  329. 

Clematis  glauca,  342, 

Clematis  glauca,  var.  akebioides,  342. 

Clematis  Gouriana,  339. 

Clematis  Gouriana,  339. 

Clematis  Gouriana,  var.  Finetii,  339. 

Clematis  gracilifolia,  331. 

Clematis  grata,  337. 

Clematis  grata,  338. 

Clematis  grata,  f.  glabrata,  338. 

Clematis    grata,    var.  grandidentata, 

338. 
Clematis  grata,  var.  lobulata,  337. 
Clematis  hedysarifolia,  7  Armandi,  326. 
Clematis   hedysarifolia  var.   oreophila, 

328. 
Clematis  Henryi,  342. 
Clematis  heracleaefolia,  320. 
Clematis  heracleaefolia,  var.  Davidiana, 

321. 
Clematis  heracleaefolia  var.  ichangen- 

sis,  321. 
Clematis  Hooheri,  321. 
Clematis  japonica,  325. 
Clematis  japonica,  5  urophylla,  323. 
Clematis  Kuntziana,  332. 
Clematis  lasiandra,  322. 
Clematis  Lavallei,  321. 
Clematis  leiocarpa,  327. 
Clematis  Maximowiczii,  321. 
Clematis  Meyeniana  heterophylla,  328. 
Clematis  minor,  329. 
Clematis  montana,  332. 
Clematis   montana,    var.    grandiflora, 

333. 
Clematis  montana,  S  normalis,  332. 
Clematis,  montana,  S  normalis,  7  ane- 

monifiora,  333. 
Clematis    montana,     5    normalis,     10 

rubens,  333. 
Clematis  montana,  var.  rubens,  333. 
Clematis  montana,  var.  sericea,  334. 
Clematis  montana,  var.  Wilsonii,  333. 
Clematis   montana,   var.   Wilsonii,   f. 

platysepala,  334. 
Clematis  nutans,  323. 
Clematis  nutans,  324. 
Clematis  nutans,  var.  thyrsoidea,  324. 
Clematis  obscura,  329. 
Clematis  orientalis,  342. 
Clematis     orientalis,     var.     akebioides, 

342. 
Clematis  orientalis,  var.  glauca,  342. 


Clematis    orientalis,    var.    ohtusifolia, 

342. 
Clematis  orientalis,  var.  tangutica,  343. 
Clematis  paniculata,  330. 
Clematis   parviloba,  var.  glabrescens, 

340. 
Clematis  Pavoliniana,  328. 
Clematis  Philippiana,  322. 
Clematis  Pierotii,  340. 
Clematis  pogonandra,  319. 
Clematis    pogonandra,    var.    pilosula, 

320. 
Clematis  Prattii,  320. 
Clematis  pseudo-pogonandra,  323. 
Clematis  pterantha,   322. 
Clematis   pterantha,    var.   grosseden- 

tata,  322. 
Clematis  Punduana,  332. 
Clematis  quinquefoliolata,  328. 
Clematis  recta,  331. 
Clematis  recta,  ^  chinensis,  329. 
Clematis  recta,  |  chinensis,  4  uncinata, 

327. 
Clematis  recta,  a  fruticosa,  326. 
Clematis  recta  ir  paniculata,  331. 
Clematis  repens,  320. 
Clematis  repens,  334. 
Clematis  Savatieri,  321. 
Clematis  sinensis,  329. 
Clematis  Souliei,  336. 
Clematis  Spooneri,  334. 
Clematis  stans,  321. 
Clematis  substipulata,  339. 
Clematis  tangutica,  343. 
Clematis  tangutica,  var.  obtusiuscula, 

343. 
Clematis  terniflora,  330. 
Clematis  ternifolia,  330. 
Clematis  truUifera,  324. 
Clematis  tubulosa,  321. 
Clematis  tubulosa,  var.  Davidiana,  321. 
Clematis  tubulosa,  var.  Hookeri,  321. 
Clematis  uncinata,  327. 
Clematis  urr  phylla,  323. 
Clematis  virginiana,  336. 
Clematis  virginica,  331. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  y  brevicavdata,  340. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  /3  CI.  Gouriana,  339. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  §  CI.  Gouriana,  f.  sub- 

stipulata,  339. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  y  CI.  grata,  337,  338. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  a.  Gauriana,  339. 
Clematis  Vitalba,  e  grata,  337. 


INDEX 


589 


Clematis  Vitalba  e  Japonia,  331. 

Clethra,  501. 

Clethra  canescens,  502. 

Clethra  Fargesii,  502. 

Clethra  monostachya,  501. 

Clethraceae,  501. 

Clypea  consummata,  390. 

Clypea  effusa,  390. 

Clypea  subovata,  390. 

Cocculua,  388. 

Cocculus?  acufus,  387. 

Cocculus  affinis,  389. 

Cocculus  cynanchoides,  388. 

Cocculus  diversifolius,  387. 

Cocculus?  diversifolius,  387. 

Cocculus  diversifolius,  var.  dnereus, 

387. 
Cocculus  heterophyllus,  387. 
Cocculus  japonicus,  390. 
Cocculus  orbiculatus,  388. 
Cocculus  Thunbergii,  388. 
Cocculus  trilobus,  388. 
Coeloxylosteum,  140. 
Conradinia,  227,  233,  252. 
Cormus  foliolosa,  483. 
Corylopsis,  424. 
Corylopsis  glnndulifera,  424. 
Corylopsis  macrostachya,  429. 
Corylopsis  platypetala,  426. 
Corylopsis  platypetala,  var.  levis,  427. 
Corylopsis  sinensis,  424. 
Corylopsis    sinensis,    var.    calvescens, 

424. 
Corylopsis  sinensis,  var.  glandulifera, 

424. 
Corylopsis  spicata,  424. 
Corylopsis  Veitchiana,  425. 
Corylopsis  Willmottiae,  425. 
Cotoneaster,  154. 
Cotoneaster  acuminata,  158. 
Cotoneaster  acuminata,  var.  prostrata, 

154. 
Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  158. 
Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  laetfevirens, 

159. 
Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  pekinensis, 

158. 
Cotoneaster  acutifolia,  var.  villosula, 

158. 
Cotoneaster  adpressa,  155. 
Cotoneaster  ambigua,  159. 
Cotoneaster  amoena,  165. 
Cotoneaster  apiculata,  156. 


Cotoneaster  applanata,  166. 
Cotoneaster  breviramea,  177. 
Cotoneaster  bullata,  164. 
Cotoneaster  bullata,  f.  fioribunda,  165. 
Cotoneaster  bullata,  var.  macrophylla, 

164. 
Cotoneaster  buxifolia,  f.  cochleata,  176. 
Cotoneaster  buxifolia,  f.  vellaea,  176. 
Cotoneaster  crenulata,  177. 
Cotoneaster  Dammeri,  176. 
Cotoneaster  Dammeri,  var.  radicans, 

176. 
Cotoneaster  Davidiana,  154. 
Cotoneaster  Dielsiana,  166. 
Cotoneaster   Dielsiana,   var.   elegans, 

166. 
Cotoneaster  disticha,  154. 
Cotoneaster  disticha,  var.  tongolensis, 

154. 
Cotoneaster  divaricata,  157. 
Cotoneaster  Fontanesii,  168. 
Cotoneaster  Fontanesii  «  Desfontainii, 

168. 
Cotoneaster  Fontanesii,  var.  soongorica, 

168. 
Cotoneaster  foveolata,  162. 
Cotoneaster  Franchetii,  165. 
Cotoneaster  frigida,  174. 
Cotoneaster  glabrata,  171. 
Cotoneaster  gracilis,  167. 
Cotoneaster  Harroviana,  173. 
Cotoneaster  Henryana,  174. 
Cotoneaster  horizontalis,  154. 
Cotoneaster  horizontalis,  var.  adpressa, 

155. 
Cotoneaster  horizontalis,  var.  perpu- 

silla,  155. 
Cotoneaster  humifusa,  176. 
Cotoneaster  hupehensis,  169. 
Cotoneaster  integerrima,  169. 
Cotoneaster  microphylla,  176. 
Cotoneaster  microphylla,  154,  155. 
Cotoneaster  microphylla,  var.  cochle- 
ata, 176. 
Cotoneaster  microphylla,  var.  vellaea, 

176. 
Cotoneaster  moupinensis,  163. 
Cotoneaster  moupinensis,  164. 
Cotoneaster  moupinensis,  f.  fioribunda, 

165. 
Cotoneaster  multiflora,  170. 
Cotoneaster  multiflora,  var.  calocarpa, 

170. 


590 


INDEX 


Cotoneaster  nitens,  156. 
Cotoneaster  Nummularia,  168. 
Cotoneaster  nummularia,  168. 
Cotoneaster  numularia,   ^  racemiflora, 

168. 
Cotoneaster  nummularia,  var.   soongo- 

ricum,  168. 
Cotoneaster  obscura,  161. 
Cotoneaster  obscura,   var.   cornifolia, 

162. 
Cotoneaster  pekinensis,  158. 
Cotoneaster  Pyracantha,  178. 
Cotoneaster  racemiflora,  168. 
Cotoneaster   racemiflora,   var.   micro- 

carpa,  169. 
Cotoneaster  racemiflora,  var.  soongo- 

rica,  168. 
Cotoneaster  radicans,  176. 
Cotoneaster  reflexa,  170. 
Cotoneaster  reticulata,  160. 
Cotoneaster  rhytidophylla,  175. 
Cotoneaster  rotundifolia,  154. 
Cotoneaster  rugosa,  172. 
Cotoneaster  rugosa,  var.  Henryana,  174. 
Cotoneaster  salicifolia,  172. 
Cotoneaster   salicifolia,   var.   floccosa, 

173. 
Cotoneaster   salicifolia,    var.    rugosa, 

172. 
Cotoneaster  tenuipes,  171. 
Cotoneaster  vulgaris,  159. 
Cotoneaster  vulgaris,  var.  glabrata,  170. 
Cotoneaster  zabelii,  166. 
Crataegus,  178. 
Crataegus  Bibas,  193. 
Crataegus  chitaensis,   183. 
Crataegus  chlorosarca,  183. 
Crataegus  crenulata,  177. 
Crataegus  cuneata,  179,  181. 
Crataegus  dahurica,  182. 
Crataegus  dsungarica,  183. 
Crataegus  glabra,  184. 
Crataegus  glandulosa,  180. 
Crataegus  Henryi,  181. 
Crataegus  hupehensis,  178,  181. 
Crataegus  Komarovii,  183. 
Crataegus  Korolkowii,  182. 
Crataegus  kulingensis,  179,  181. 
Crataegus  Maximowiczii,  182. 
Crataegus    oxyacantha,    var.    pinnati- 

fida,  182. 
Crataegus  pinnatifida,  182. 
Crataegus  pinnatifida,  var.  major,  182. 


Crataegus  pinnatifida,  a  songarica,  183. 
Crataegus  pinnatifida,  var.  typica,  182. 
Crataegus  purpurea,  182. 
Crataegus  Pyracantha,  177. 
Crataegus  pyracantha,   var.   crenulata, 

111. 
Crataegus  sanguinea,  180,  182. 
Crataegus  sanguinea,  a  genuina,  180. 
Crataegus  sanguinea,  ^  villosa,  182. 
Crataegus  serratifolia,   184. 
Crataegus  tenuifolia,  183. 
Crataegus  villosa,   186. 
Crataegus  Wilsonii,  180,  183. 
Cremastosepalum,  226,  229,  237. 
Cyclaminium,  227,  231,  243. 
Cyclea,  390. 
Cyclea  racemosa,  390. 
Cylactis,  48. 
Cyrta  japonica,  292. 
Cyrta  suberifolia,  290. 

Dalibarda,  48. 

Dalibardastrum,  49. 

Decaisnea,  344. 

Decaisnea  Fargesii,  344. 

Decaisnea  insignis,  344. 

Decumaria,  152. 

Decumaria  sinensis,  152. 

Deutzia,  6,  146. 

Deutzia  albida,  16,  21. 

Deutzia  aspera,  149. 

Deutzia  Baroniana,  21. 

Deutzia  Baroniana,  var.  insignis,  21. 

Deutzia  Bodinieri,  147. 

Deutzia  calycosa,  149. 

Deutzia  cinerascens,  146. 

Deutzia  coreana,  16,  22. 

Deutzia  coriacea,  9,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  corymbiflora,  9. 

Deutzia  corymbiflora  erecta,  9. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  17,  22. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  23. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  parvifiora,  23. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  typica,  23. 

Deutzia  corymbosa,  var.  yunnanensis, 

23. 
Deutzia  crassifolia,  148. 
Deutzia  crassifolia,  var.  humilis,  148. 
Deutzia  crenata,  6,  7. 
Deutzia  crenata  var.  ?  5  taiwanensis,  18. 
Deutzia  densiflora,  12,  16,  21. 
Deutzia  discolor,  12,  16,  20. 
Deutzia  discolor,  var.  albida,  21. 


INDEX 


591 


Deutzia  discolor,  var.  major,  12. 

Deutzia  discolor  X  mollis,  20. 

Deutzia  discolor,  var.  purpurascens,  19 

Deutzia  Faberi,  15,  18. 

Deutzia  Fargesii,  10,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  Fauriei,  24. 

Deutzia  Fortunei,  6. 

Deutzia  glaberrima,  24. 

Deutzia  glabrata,  17,  24. 

Deutzia  globosa,  16,  20. 

Deutzia  glomeruliflora,  10,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  glomeruliflora  X  longifolia,  10. 

Deutzia  grandiflora,  16,  21. 

Deutzia  grandiflora,  var.  Baroniana,  21. 

Deutzia  grandiflora,  var.  7  glabrata,  22. 

Deutzia  grandiflora,  var.  /3  minor,  21. 

Deutzia  hamata,  16,  22. 

Deutzia  Henryi,  148. 

Deutzia  hypoglauca,  17,  24. 

Deutzia  lancifolia,  147. 

Deutzia  longifolia,  13,  16,  21. 

Deutzia  mexicana,  150. 

Deutzia  mexicana,  var.  Pringlei,  150. 

Deutzia  micrantha,  17,  23. 

Deutzia  mollis,  13,  16,  22. 

Deutzia  ningpoensis,  14,  17. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  17,  23. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  ^  amurensis,  23. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  a  Bungei,  23. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  var.  corymbosa,  23. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  /3  mongolica,  23. 

Deutzia  parviflora,  var.  musaei,  23. 

Deutzia  pilosa,  8,  15,  18. 

Deutzia  pilosa,  var.  ochrophloeos,  146. 

Deutzia  prunifolia,  16,  22. 

Deutzia  pulchra,  14,  18. 

Deutzia  pupurascens,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  purpurascens,  var.  pauciflora, 

19. 
Deutzia  reflexa,  16,  20. 
Deutzia  rubens,  13,  17,  24. 
Deutzia  scabra,  6,  14,  17. 
Deutzia   scabra,   var.    ?   cymis   pauci- 

flons,  18. 
Deutzia  Schneideriana,  7,  14,  17. 
Deutzia  Schneideriana,  var.  laxiflora,  7. 
Deutzia  sessilifolia,  150. 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  15,  18. 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  9. 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  var.  corymbi- 

flora,  9.  19 
Deutzia  setchuenensis,  var.  longiden- 

tata,  8,  19. 


Deutzia  silvestrii,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  staminea,  7. 

Deutzia  subsessilis,  11,  15,  19. 

Deutzia  taiwanensis,  15,  18. 

Deutzia  uniflora,  150. 

Deutzia  Vilmorinae,  16,  20. 

Deutzia  Wilsonii,  16,  20. 

Dichroa,  43. 

Dichroa  febrifuga,  43. 

Diervilla,  144. 

Diervilla  floribunda,  144. 

Diervilla  japonica,  144. 

Dioscorea  japonica,  388. 

Dipelta,  118. 

Dipelta  floribunda,  118. 

Dipelta  ventricosa,  118. 

Diploclisia,  389. 

Diploclisia  afiinis,  389. 

Dipteronia,  83. 

Dipteronia  sinensis,  83. 

Distylium,  423. 

Distylium  chinense,  423. 

Distylium  racemosum,    var.    chinense, 

423. 
Droserina,  228,  234,  257. 

Ebulus,  309. 

Edgeworthia  papyrifera,  400,  408. 

Enkianthus,  550. 

Enkianthus  chinensis,  551. 

Enkianthus  deflexus,  550. 

Enkianthus  himalaicus,  550. 

Enkianthus  himalaicus,  var.  chinensis, 

551. 
Enkianthus  quinqueflorus,  550. 
Enkianthus    quinqueflorus,    var.    ser- 

rulatus,  550. 
Enkianthus  reticulatus,  550. 
Enkianthus  Rosthornii,  551. 
Enkianthus  serrulatus,  550. 
Enkianthus  uniflorus,  550. 
Epigynium,  557. 
Epigynium  affine,  557. 
Epigynium  Donianum,   557. 
Epigynium  Dunalianum,  560. 
Ericaceae,  503. 
Eriobotrya,  193. 
Erioholrya  bengalensis,  194. 
Eriobotrya  grandiflora,  193. 
Eriobotrya  japonica,  193. 
Eriobotrya  prinoides,  194. 
Euabeha,  123,  125. 
Euazalea,  549. 


592 


INDEX 


Euceraseidos,  228,  236,  259. 
Eucerasus,  226,  229,  237. 
Eucommia,  433. 
Eucommia  ulmoides,  433. 

EUCOMMIACEAE,  433. 

Eudeutzia,  14,  17. 

Euhydrangea,  34,  37. 

Eumahaleb,  226,  237. 

Eupadus,  71,  74. 

Eu-padus,  73,  74,  75. 

Euprunus,  278,  279. 

Euptelea,  313. 

Euptelea  Davidiana,  313,  314. 

Euptelea  Delavayi,  313. 

Euptelea  Franchetii,  314,  315. 

Euptelea  pleiosperma,  313,  315. 

Euptelea  polyandra,  315. 

Euptelea  polyandra,  314. 

Eurhododendron,  525. 

Euvaccinium,  561. 

Evonymus,  484. 

Evonymus  acanthocarpa,  490. 

Evonymus  acanthocarpa,  var.  sutchue- 

nensis,  490. 
Evonymus  aculeatus,  490. 
Evonymus  alata,  493. 
Evonymus  alata,  var.  aperta,  494. 
Evonymus  alata,  var.  pilosa,  494. 
Evonymus  Aquifolium,  484. 
Evonymus  chinensis,  var.  microcarpa, 

487. 
Evonymus  comuta,  489. 
Evonymus  dasydictyon,  496. 
Evonymus  Dielsiana,  488. 
Evonymus  elegantissima,  496. 
Evonymus  Giraldii,  var.  angustialata, 

495. 
Evonymus  Giraldii,  var.  ciliata,  495. 
Evonymus  grandiflora,  484. 
Evonymus  japonica,  485. 
Evonymus  japonica,  var.  acuta,  485. 
Evonymus  japonica,  var.  radicans,  485. 
Evonymus  kiautschovica,  var.  patens, 

486. 
Evonymus  lanceifolia,  491. 
Evonymus  Loeseneri,  493. 
Evonymus  microcarpa,  487. 
Evonymus  mupinensis,  489. 
Evonymus  myriantha,  487. 
Evonymus  nanoides,  492. 
Evonymus  oblongifolia,  486. 
Evonymus  patens,  486. 
Evonymus  porphyrea,  495. 


Evonymus  Przewalskii,  492. 
Evonymus  radicans,  485. 
Evonymus  Rehderiana,  488. 
Evonym,us  Rosthornii,  487. 
Evonymus    sanguinea,    var.    brevipe- 

dunculata,  495. 
Evonymus  sanguinea,  var.  /3  campto- 

neura,  494. 
Evonymus  Sargentiana,  487. 
Evonymus  saxicola,  491. 
Evonymus  semenovii,  492. 
Evonymus  striata,  493. 
Evonymus  subsessilis,  489. 
Evonymus   subsessilis,    var.    latifolia, 

489. 
Evonymus  suhtriflora,  493. 
Evonymus  Thunbergiana,  493. 
Evonymus  Thunbergianus,  var.,  494. 
Evonymus  venosa,  488. 
EvonjTnus  verrucosoides,  493. 
Evonymus  verrucosoides,  var.  viridi- 

flora,  493. 
Evonymus  yedoensis,  var.  Koelmeana, 

491. 
Exochorda,  456. 
Exochorda  Giraldii,  457. 
Exochorda  grandiflora,  456. 
Exochorda  racemosa,  456. 
Exochorda    racemosa,    var.    Giraldii, 

457. 
Exochorda  racemosa,  var.  Wilsonii,  456. 

Flacourtia  chinensis,  283. 

Flacourtia  japonica,  285. 

Flacourtiaceae,  283. 

Flammula,  325. 

Forsythia,  302. 

Forsythia  Fortuni,  302. 

Forsythia  s"spensa,  302,  580. 

Forsythia  suspensa,  580. 

Forsythia  suspensa,  var.  Fortunei,  580. 

Forsythia  suspensa,  var.  Fortunei,  f. 

atrocaulis,  580. 
Forsythia  suspensa,  var.  latifolia,  302. 
Forsythia  suspensa,  f.  pubescens,  302. 
Fortunearia,  427. 
Fortunearia  sinensis,  428. 

Gardneria,  563. 
Gardneria  lanceolata,  563. 
Gardneria  multiflora,  563. 
Gardneria  nutans,  563. 


INDEX 


593 


Gaultheria,  554. 
Gaultheria,  555, 
Gaultheria  fragrantissima,  var.  hirsuta, 

554. 
Gaultheria  Nummulariae,  555. 
Gaultheria  nummularioides,  555. 
Gaultheria  nummularioides,  var.  ellip- 

tica,  555. 
Gaultheria  pyrolaefolia,  554. 
Gaultheria  pyroloides,  554. 
Gaultheria   pyroloides,    var.   cuneata, 

554. 
Gaultheria  repens,  555. 
Gaultheria  trichophylla,  556. 
Gaultheria  Veitchiana,  554,  561. 
Grayopadus,  73,  75. 
Gymnopadus,  71,  74. 

Halesia  corymhosa,  295. 

Halesia  Fortunei,  294. 

Halesia  hispida,  295,  580. 

Hamamelidaceae,  421. 

Hamamelis,  431. 

Hamamelis  chinensis,  430. 

Hamamelis  mollis,  431. 

Hamamelis  mollis,  431. 

Hamamelis  virginiana,   var.  japonica, 

431. 
Heterocalyx,  227,  231,  241. 

HiPPOCASTANACEAE,  498. 

Hisingera  japonica,  283. 
Hisingera  racemosa,  283. 
Holboellia,  345. 
Holhoellia  angustifolia,  346. 
Holboellia    angustifolia?    var.     angus- 

tissima,  346. 
Holhoellia  chinensis,  349. 
Holboellia  coriacea,  345. 
Holboellia  cuneata,  349,  351. 
Holboellia  Fargesii,  346. 
Holboellia  grandiflora,  346. 
Holhoellia  latifolia,  346. 
Holopeira  fecunda,  388. 
Hortensia  japonica,  37. 
Hortensia  mutahilis,  38. 
Hortensia  opuloides,  37. 
Hortensia  speciosa,  38. 
Hydrangea,  25,  150. 
Hydrangea  allissima,  34. 
Hydrangea  anomala,  34,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  Arhostiana,  41,  579. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  31,  38. 


Hydrangea  aspera,  var.   5  angustifolia 

32. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  ?  angustifolia, 

579. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  a  longipes,  33. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  macrophylla,  32. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  scabra,  31,  40. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  e  sinica,  32. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  strigosior,  39. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  f.  typica,  31. 
Hydrangea  aspera,  var.  velutina,  30, 

40. 
Hydrangea  bracteata,  41. 
Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  35,  38. 
Hydrangea   Bretschneideri,    var.    Gi- 

raldii,  39. 
Hydrangea   Bretschneideri,    var.    gla- 

brescens,  579. 
Hydrangea  Bretschneideri,  var.  lanci- 

folia,  28,  39,  579. 
Hydrangea  Breitschneideri,   var.   set- 

chuenensis,  28,  579. 
Hydrangea  chinensis,  35,  37. 
Hydrangea  cordifolia,  41. 
Hydrangea  Davidii,  25,  35,  37,  579. 
Hydrangea  fulvescens,  36,  39. 
Hydrangea  Giraldii,  39. 
Hydrangea  glabra,  34. 
Hydrangea  glabripes,  30,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  Hemsleyana,  33. 
Hydrangea  heteromalla,  151. 
Hydrangea   heteromalla,    var.    mollis, 

151. 
Hydrangea  Hortensia,  38. 
Hydrangea  Hortensia,  e  Hortensia,  38. 
Hydrangea  hortensis,  37. 
Hydrangea  hortensis,  var.  Hortensia,  38. 
Hydrangea  hypoglauca,  26,  35,  38. 
Hydrangea  Integra,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  integrifolia,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  japonica,  37. 
Hydrangea  japonica,  y  Hortensia,  38. 
Hydrangea  Kamienskii,  41. 
Hydrangea  Kawakamii,  36,  39. 
Hj'drangea  longifolia,  36,  39. 
Hydrangea  longipes,  33,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  longipes,  33. 
Hydrangea  longipes,   var.  lanceolata, 

40. 
Hydrangea  mandarinorum,  35,  39. 
Hydrangea  Maximowiczii,  41,  151. 
Hydrangea  Moellendorfii,  35,  37. 
Hydrangea  opuloides,  35,  37. 


594 


INDEX 


Hydrangea  opuloides,  var.  Hortensia, 

37. 
Hydrangea  paniculata,  25,  35,  38. 

Hydrangea  pekinensis,  38. 
Hydrangea  petiolaris,  36,  41. 
Hydrangea  pubescens,  38,  151. 
Hydrangea  pubinervis,  27,  35,  38. 
Hydrangea  Rosthornii,  33,  36,  40,  151. 
Hydrangea  Sargentiana,  29,  36,  39. 
Hydrangea  scandens,  41. 
Hydrangea  strigosa,  31,  36,  40. 
Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  angustifolia, 

32,  579. 
Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  macrophylla, 

32. 
Hydrangea  strigosa,  var.  sinica,  32. 
Hydrangea  Taquetii,  43. 
Hydrangea  tiliaefolia,  41. 
Hydrangea  umbellata,  25,  35,  37, 
Hydrangea  vestita,  38,  40,  151. 
Hydrangea  vestita,  var.  fimbriata,  40. 
Hydrangea  vestita,  var.  pubescens,  38. 
Hydrangea  villosa,  29,  36,  39. 
Hydrangea  villosa,  var.  strigosior,  39. 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  26,  35,  38. 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  glabres- 

cens,  27,  579. 
Hydrangea   xanthoneura,    var.    lanci- 

folia,  579. 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var,  setchue- 

nensis,  579. 
Hydrangea  xanthoneura,  var.  Wilsonii, 

27,  150, 
Hydrangea  yunnanensis,  35,  37. 
Hypadenium,  227,  232,  244. 

Ideobatus,  51. 

Idesia,  284. 

Idesia  polycarpa,  284. 

Idesia  polycarpa,  var.  intermedia,  285. 

Idesia  polycarpa,  var.  latifoUa,  285. 

Idesia  polycarpa,  var.  vestita,  285. 

Ilex,  76. 

Ilex  Aquifolium,  var.  c  chinensis,  78. 

Ilex  ciliospinosa,  78. 

Ilex  corallina,  80. 

Ilex  cornuta,  78. 

Ilex  dubia,  var.  e  pseudomacropoda, 

82. 
Ilex  Fargesii,  77. 
Ilex  Fargesii,  var.  v.  f.  /3  megalophylla, 

77. 
Ilex  fragilis,  a  genuina,  81. 


Ilex  fragilis,  j8  Kingii,  82. 

Ilex  Franchetiana,  77. 

Ilex  Henryi,  81. 

Ilex  japonica,  382. 

Ilex  macrocarpa,  var.  a  genuina,  81. 

Ilex  macrocarpa,  var.  jS  trichophylla, 

81. 
Ilex  metabaptista,  76. 
Ilex  micrococca,  82. 
Ilex  Oldhamii,  76. 

Ilex  pedunculosa  f.  ^  continentalis,  76. 
Ilex  Pernyi,  78. 

Ilex  purpurea,  var.  a  Oldhamii,  76. 
Ilex  rotunda,  76. 
Ilex  subrugosa,  80. 
Ilex  szechwanensis,  80. 
Ilex  Wilsonii,  80. 
Ilex  yunnanensis,  76. 
Illicium,  417. 
lUicium  Henryi,  417. 
Illicium  Silvestrii,  417. 
Incarvillea  arguta,  303. 
Incarvillea  diffusa,  303. 
Isika,  131. 
Isoxylosteum,  129. 
Itea,  44. 

Itea  ilicifolia,  44. 
Itoa,  286. 
Itoa  orientalis,  286. 

Kadsura,  410. 
Kadsura,  sp.,  411. 
Kadsura  grandiflora,  411. 
Kadsura  peltigera,  410. 
Kadsura  propinqua,  416. 
Kobus,  408. 

Landukia  Landuk,  102. 
Lantana,  109. 
Lardizabalaceae,  344. 
Laurocerasus,  71,  74. 
Laurocerasus  Buergeriana,  60. 
Laurocerasus  integrifolia,  74. 
Laurocerasus  Lyonii,  74. 
Laurocerasus  Maackii,  73. 
Laurocerasus  macrophylla,  71. 
Lepidorhodium,  503. 
Lepipherum,  505. 
Leptopodium,  72,  74. 
Leycesteria,  311. 
Leycesteria  chinensis,  312. 
Leycesteria  formosa,  311. 


INDEX 


595 


Leycesteria  formosa,  var.  stenosepala, 

312. 
Leycesteria  glaucophylla,  312. 
Lilac  perpensa,  302. 
Limacia  sagittaia,  390. 
Linnaea  adenotricha,  129. 
Linnaea  augustifolia,  128. 
Linnaea  Aschersoniana,  127. 
Linnaea  biflora,  128. 
Linnaea  Buchwaldii,  125. 
Linnaea  chinensis,  121. 
Linnaea  coriacea,  127. 
Linnaea  corymbosa,  128. 
Linnaea  Dielsii,  128. 
Linnaea  Engleriana,  120. 
Linnaea  floribunda,   127. 
Linnaea  gymnocarpa,  125. 
Linnaea  Koehneana,  126. 
Linnaea  macrotera,  126. 
Linnaea  onkocarpa,  128. 
Linnaea  parvifolia,  121. 
Linnaea  Perringiana,  129. 
Linnaea  rupestris,  127. 
Linnaea  Schumannii,  121. 
Linnaea  serrata,  118,  125. 
Linnaea  serrata,  var.  Hegii,  119. 
Linnaea  Spaethiana,  129. 
Linnaea  spathulata,  125. 
Linnaea  tereticalyx,  127. 
Linnaea  triflora,  var.  /3  parvifolia,  128. 
Linnaea  umhellata,  122. 
Linnaea  uniflora,  118,  126. 
Linnaea  Zanderi,  121. 
Liquidambar,  421. 
Liquidambar  sp.,  421. 
Liquidambar  acerifolia,  421. 
Liquidambar  formosana,  421. 
Liquidambar  formosana,  var.,  421. 
Liquidambar  formosana,  var.   monti- 

cola,  422. 
Liquidambar  Maximowiczii,  421. 
Liriodendron,  410. 
Liriodendron  chinense,  410. 
Liriodendron  Coco,  407. 
Liriodendron  grandiflorum,  405. 
Liriodendron  sp.  nov.?,  410. 
Liriodendron  Tulipifera,     var.    ?    c/ii- 

nense,  410. 
Liriodendron  Tulipifera,  var.  sinensis, 

410. 
Lobopetalum,  227,  231,  241. 

LOGANIACEAB,  563. 

Lonicera,  129. 


Loniccra  affinis,  144. 

Lonicera  affinis,  var.  pubescens,  144. 

Lonicera  alseuosmoides,  141. 

Lonicera  chaetocarpa,  137. 

Lonicera  crassifolia,  141. 

Lonicera  deflexicalyx,  140. 

Lonicera  Delavayi,  142. 

Lonicera  Elisae,  129. 

Lonicera    Fernandii,    var.    leycesteri- 

oides,  135. 
Lonicera  flavipes,  132. 
Lonicera  fragrantissima,  129,  143. 
Lonicera  gynochlamydea,  134. 
Lonicera  Hemsleyana,  139. 
Lonicera  Henryi,  141. 
Lonicera  Henryi,  var.  subcoriacea,  142. 
Lonicera  hispida,  137. 
Lonicera  hispida,  var.  chaetocarpa,  137. 
Lonicera  infundibulum,  138. 
Lonicera  japonica,  142. 
Lonicera  Koehneana,  140. 
Lonicera  lanceolata,  140. 
Lonicera  leycesterioides,  135. 
Lonicera  leptantha,  144. 
Lonicera  ligustrina,  134. 
Lonicera  longa,  134. 
Lonicera  Maackii,  var.  podocarpa,  140. 
Lonicera  mitis,  136. 
Lonicera  modesta,  139. 
Lonicera   modesta,    var.    lushanensis, 

139. 
Lonicera  montigena,  143. 
Lonicera  mucronata,  136. 
Lonicera  mupinensis,  138. 
Lonicera  nervosa,  140. 
Lonicera  nitida,  580. 
Lonicera  ovalis,  141. 
Lonicera  pileata,  135,  580. 
Lonicera  pileata,  580. 
Lonicera  pileata,  var.  linearis,  143. 
Lonicera  praecox,  138. 
Lonicera  prostrata,  141. 
Lonicera  pseudoproterantha,  135. 
Lonicera  retusa,  139. 
Lonicera  saccata,  133. 
Lonicera  saccata,  f.  Wilsonii,  134. 
Lonicera  Schneideriana,  133. 
Lonicera  serpyllifolia,  131. 
Lonicera  setifera,  var.  trullifera,  136. 
Lonicera  shensiensis,  131. 
Lonicera  similis,  var.  Delavayi,  142. 
Lonicera  Standishii,  var.  lancifolia,  135. 
Lonicera  subacqualis,  142. 


596 


INDEX 


Lonicera  subdentata,  136. 

Lonicera  syringantha,  130. 

Lonicera  szechuanica,  132. 

Lonicera  tangutica,  132. 

Lonicera  tangutica,  var.  glabra,  132. 

Lonicera  Tatarinovii,  144. 

Lonicera  tatsienensis,  139. 

Lonicera  thibetica,  130. 

Lonicera  tragophylla,  143. 

Lonicera  trichogyne,  131. 

Lonicera  trichopoda,   var.   shensiensis, 

131. 
Lonicera  trichosantha,  141. 
Lonicera  tubuliflora,  129. 
Lophopetalum  grandiflorum,  484. 
Loropetalum,  430. 
Loropetalum  chinense,  430. 
Lyonia  ovalifolia,  552,  553. 

Maackiopadus,  73,  75. 
Macradenium,  227,  229,  238. 
Maddenia,  56. 
Maddenia  himalaica,  59. 
Maddenia  hypoleuca,  56,  59. 
Maddenia  hypoxantha,  57,  59. 
Maddenia  pedicellata,  59. 
Maddenia  Wilsonii,  58,  59. 
Magnolia,  391. 
Magnolia,  409. 

Magnolia  aulacosperma,  396,  405,  408. 
Magnolia  Biondii,  405,  408. 
Magnolia  Campbellii,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  Championi,  407. 
Magnolia  coco,  405,  407. 
Magnolia  Coco,  407. 
Magnolia  conspicua,  400. 
Magnolia  conspicua,  var.  purpurascens, 

401. 
Magnolia  Dawsoniana,  397,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  Delavayi,  404,  405. 
Magnolia  denudata,  399,  400,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  denudata,  403. 
Magnolia  denudata,  var.  elongata,  402, 

409. 
Magnolia  denudata,  var.  purpurascens, 

401,  409. 
Magnolia  discolor,  403. 
Magnolia  glauca,  406. 
Magnolia  glauca,  a.  flore  alho,  408. 
Magnolia  glauca,    flore  magna  atropur- 

pureo,  402. 
Magnolia  globosa,  393,  404,  406. 
Magnolia  globosa,  395. 


Magnolia  globosa,  var.  sinensis,  393, 

406. 
Magnolia  gracilis,  403. 
Magnolia  Griffithii,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  Gustavi,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  Halleana,  409. 
Magnolia  Henryi,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  hirsuta,  400. 
Magnolia  hypoleuca,  391,  400,  406. 
Magnolia  kobus,  400,  405,  408. 
Magnolia  Kobus,  400,  409. 
Magnolia  kobus,  var.  borealis,  409. 
Magnolia  Kobushi,  409. 
Magnolia  liliflora,  400,  402,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  Maingayi,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  Martini,  403. 
Magnolia  Nicholsoniana,  394,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  obovata,  400,  404,  406. 
Magnolia  obovata,  399,  400,  401,  403, 

408. 
Magnolia  obovata,  a  denudata,  400. 
Magnolia  officinalis,  391,  404,  406. 
Magnolia  officinalis,  var.  biloba,  392, 

406. 
Magnolia  Oyama,  407. 
Magnolia  parviflora,  404,  406. 
Magnolia  parviflora,  var.  Wilsoni,  395. 
Magnolia  Pealiana,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  precia,  399. 
Magnolia  pterocarpa,  404,  405. 
Magnolia  purnila,  407. 
Magnolia  pumila,  var.  Championi,  407. 
Magnolia  purpurea,  400,  403. 
Magnolia  salicifolia,  405,  408. 
Magnolia  Sargentiana,  398,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  Sargentiana,    var.    robusta, 

399,  409. 
Magnolia  sericea,  400,  408. 
Magnolia  sphenocarpa,  405. 
Magnolia  stellata,  405,  409. 
Magnolia  Thurberi,  408. 
Magnolia  tomentosa,  400,  408. 
Magnolia  Watsonii,  404,  406. 
Magnolia  Wilsonii,  395,  404,  407. 
Magnolia  Yulan,  400. 
Magnoliaceab,  391. 
Mahaleb,  226,  229,  237. 
Mahonia,  378. 

Mahonia  annamica,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  Bodinieri,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  decipiens,  379,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  Duclouxiana,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  elegans,  385. 


INDEX 


597 


Mahonia  eurybracteata,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  flavida,  380,  382. 
Mahonia  Fordii,  381,  383. 
Mahonia  Fortunei,  380,  381,  385. 
Mahonia  graciHpes,  381,  385. 
Mahonia  japonica,  380,  382. 
Mahonia  Leveilleana,  381,  385. 
Mahonia  nepalensis,  381,  382. 
Mahonia  nitens,  379,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  polyodonta,  381,  383. 
Mahonia  setosa,  381,  385. 
Mahonia  Sheridaniana,  381,  384. 
Mahonia  subtriplinervis,  385. 
Mahonia  trifurca,  380. 
Mahonia  Veitchiorum,  381,  383. 
Mahonia  Zemanii,  378,  380,  382. 
Mairania  alpina,  556. 
Malachobatus,  49. 
Meclatis  sibirica,  342. 
Megaiotinus,  110. 
Melanocarya  alata,  493. 
Melidora  pellucida,  550. 
Menispermaceae,  387. 
Menispermum  acutum,  387. 
Menispermum  diversifoHum,  387. 
Menispermum  diversifoHum,  var.  molle, 

387. 
Menispermum  japonicum,  389. 
Menispermum  orhiculatum,  388. 
Menispermum  trilobum,  388. 
Meratia,  419. 
Meratia  fragrans,  419. 
Meratia  nitens,  420. 
Meratia  praecox,  419. 
Meratia  praecox,  var.  grandiflora,  420. 
Meeodeutzia,  16,  22. 
Mespilus  cosansaki,  180. 
Mespilus  crenulata,  177. 
Mespilus  cuneata,  180. 
Mespilus  dsungarica,  183. 
Mespilus  glabra,  184. 
Mespilus  japonica,  193. 
Mespilus  pinnatifida,  182. 
Mespilus  purpurea,  180. 
Mespilus  Pyracantha,  177. 
Mespilus  racemiflora,  168. 
Mespilus  sanguinea,  180. 
Micheha,  409. 
Michelia  GriJJithii,  407. 
Michelia  macrophylla,  405. 
Michelia  Pealiana,  407. 
Michelia,  sp.,  409. 
Microcalymma,  228,  233,  254. 


Microcerasus,  226,  228,  236,  262. 
Microcerasus,  262,  268. 
Micromelea  sp.,  459. 
Mokkiouren  1,  399. 
Mokkwuren  2,  403. 
Mokkwuren  flore  albo,  399. 
Mokkwuren     "Frutex     Tulipifer  , 
flore  Lilio-narcissi  rubenie,"  402, 
Myricocerasus,  228,  236,  262. 
Myroxylon  racemosum,  283. 

Nandina,  386. 

Nandina  domestica,  386. 

NeilHa,  434. 

Neillia  affinis,  434. 

NeilHa  longiracemosa,  434. 

Neillia  pauciflora,  437. 

Neillia  ribesioides,  435. 

Neillia  rubiflora,  434. 

Neillia  sinensis,  436. 

Neillia  sinensis,  var.  caudata,  436. 

Neillia  thibetica,  435. 

Neillia  thysiflora,  434, 

Neillia  velutina,  435. 

Neodeutzia,  150. 

Nephroica  caudata,  388. 

Nephroica  cynanchoides,  388. 

Nephroica  dilatata,   388. 

Nephroica  pycnantha,  388. 

Nephroica  Thunbergii,  388. 

Nephroica  triloba,  388. 

Nintooa,  141. 

Odontotinus,  111. 
Oleaceae,  297. 
Opulus,  116. 
Orthopetalum,  154. 
Osmothamnus,  505. 
Osteomeles,  184. 
Osteomeles  anthyllidifolia,  184. 
Osteomeles  Schwerinae,  184. 
Oxycoccus,  562. 
Cxyodon,  228,  234,  258. 

Pachypodium,  71,  74. 

Padus,  59,  196. 

Padus  acrophylla,  69,  75. 

Padus  brachypoda,  65. 

Padus  brachypoda,  var.  pubigera,  67, 

Padus  Grayana,  69. 

Padus  iiapaulensis,  63. 

Padus  napaulensis,  var.  scricea,  63. 

Padus  racemosa,  72. 


598 


INDEX 


Padus  ssiori,  72. 

Padus  velutina,  69. 

Padus  vulgaris,   72. 

Padus  Wilsonii,  63. 

Paeonia,  318. 

Paeonia  arborea,  319. 

Peonia  Delavayi,  318. 

Paeonia    Delavayi,    var.    angustiloba, 

318. 
Paeonia  fruticosa,  319. 
Paeonia  moutan,  319. 
Paeonia  officinalis,  319. 
Paeonia  papaveracea,  319. 
Paeonia  suffruticosa,  319. 
Paramahaleb,  226,  237. 
Parthenocissus,  101. 
Parthenocissus  Henryana,  101,  580. 
Parthenocissus  Henryana,  580. 
Parthenoicissus  Henryana,   var.   glau- 

cescens,  101. 
Parthenocissus  himalayana,  101. 
Parthenocissus   himalayana,    var.    ru- 

brifolia,  101,  580. 
Parthenocissus  laetevirens,  580. 
Parthenocissus  Landuk,  102. 
Parthenocissus  sinensis,  101,  580. 
Parthenocissus  Thomsonii,  101. 
Parthenocissus  tricuspidata,  102. 
Parvatia,  345. 
Parvatia  chinensis,  349. 
Paulownia,  574. 
Paulownia  Duclouxii,  577. 
Paulownia  Fargesii,  575. 
Paulownia  Fortunei,  578. 
Paulownia  glabrata,  575. 
Paulownia  imperialis,  578. 
Paulownia  imperialis,  var.  y  lanata,  574. 
Paulownia  recurva,  577. 
Paulownia  thyrsoidea,  576. 
Paulownia  tomentosa,  var.  lanata,  574. 
Pentanthera,  549. 
Periclymenum,  142. 
Pernettya  repens,  555. 
Persica  Davidiana,  275. 
Persica  Davidiana  alba,  275. 
Persica  laevis,  275. 
Persica  nucipersica,  275. 
Persica  vulgaris,  273. 
Philadelphus,  4,  145. 
Philadelphus  brachybotrys,  5. 
Philadelphus  brachybotrys   var.   pur- 

purascens,  6. 
Philadelphus  incanua,  5,  145. 


Philadelphus  incanus, '  var.  Sargenti- 

anus,  145. 
Philadelphus   incanus,   var.   Sargenti- 

anus,  f.  hupehensis,  145. 
Philadelphus    incanus,   var.   Sargenti- 

anus,  f.  kulingensis,  145. 
Philadelphus  Magdalenae,  145. 
Philadelphus   pekinensis,  var.    brachy- 

botrys,  5. 
Philadelphus  sericanthus,  145. 
Philadelphus    sericanthus,    var.    Reh- 

derianus,  145. 
Philadelphus  subcanus,  4. 
Philadelphus  subcanus,  var.  dubius,  4. 
Philadelphus  Wilsonii,  4,  145. 
Photinia,  184. 
Photinia  amphidoxa,  190. 
Photinia  Beauverdiana,  187. 
Photinia  Beauverdiana,  var.  notabilis, 

188. 
Photinia  berberidifolia,  191. 
Photinia  Davidsoniae,  185. 
Photinia  glabra,  var.  chinensis,  184. 
Photinia  glomerata,  190. 
Photinia  japonica,  193. 
Photinia  lancifolia,  191. 
Photinia  notabilis,  188. 
Photinia  parvifolia,  189. 
Photinia  pustulata,  184. 
Photinia  Schneideriana,  188. 
Photxjia  serrulata,   184. 
Photinia  subumbellata,  189. 
Photinia  variabilis,  186. 
Photinia  villosa,  186. 
Photinia  villosa,  var.  sinica,  186. 
Phyllocerasus,  227,  229,  238. 
Phyllomahaleb,  226,  229,  238. 
Phyllopodium,  228,  234,  257. 
Pieris,  552. 
Pieris  lanceolata,  552. 
Pieris  ovalifolia,  552. 
Pieris  ovalifolia,  553. 
Pieris  ovahfolia,  var.  elliptica,  552. 
Pieris  ovalifolia,  var.  lanceolata,  552. 
Pieris  ovalifolia,  var.  pubescens,  554. 
Pieris  villosa,  553. 
Pieris  villosa,  var.  pubescens,  554. 
Pilostegia,  151. 
Pilostegia  vibumoides,  151. 

PiNACEAE,    1. 

Pinus,  1. 

Pinus  Armandii,  1,  579. 

Pinus  Armandii,  var.  M aster siana,  1. 


INDEX 


599 


Pinus  Bungeana,  1. 

Pinus  densata,  2. 

Pinus  densiflora,  2. 

Pinus  Henryi,  2. 

Pinus  koraiensis,  1. 

Pinus  Massoniana,  1. 

Pinus  M aster siana,  1,  579. 

Pinus  prominens,  2. 

Pinus  scipioniformis,  1. 

Pinus  Wilsonii,  3. 

Pinus  yunnanensis,  2. 

Pogonanthum,  503. 

Poliothyrsis,  285. 

Poliothyrsis  sinensis,  285. 

Polycarpa  Maximowiczii,  285. 

Pourlhiaea  Cotoneasler,  186. 

Pourthiaea  parvifolia,  189. 

Pourthiaea  villosa,  186,  187. 

Prunophora,  276. 

Prunophora,  279. 

Prunopsis  Lindleyi,  274. 

Prunus,  59,  196. 

Prunus  acida,  238. 

Prunus  acuminata,  74. 

Prunus  aiBnis,  249. 

Prunus  alabamensis,  73. 

Prunus  ampla,  231,  243. 

Prunus  anadenia,  75. 

Prunus  anomala,  279,  280. 

Prunus  Ansu,  282. 

Prunus  apetala,  261. 

Prunus  apetala,  238. 

Prunus  apetala,  var.  iwozana,  261. 

Prunus  apetala,  typica,  259. 

Prunus  Armeniaca,  278,  279,  281. 

Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  ansu,  282. 

Prunus  armeniaca,  var.  Anzu,  282. 

Prunus   Armeniaca,   var.   holosericea, 

281. 
Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  mandshurica, 

282. 
Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  sibirica,  281. 
Prunus  Armeniaca,  var.  typica,  378. 
Prunus  australis,  73. 
Prunus  autumnalis,  259. 
Prunus  avium,  238. 
Prunus  baldschuanica,  274, 
Prunus  Batalinii,  237,  270. 
Prunus  Besseyi,  262. 
Prunus  bicolor,  69,  73,  75. 
Prunus  bifrons,  271. 
Prunus  biloba,  254. 
Prunus  Botan,  280. 


Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 

66. 
Prunus 

65. 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 

60. 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 
Prunus 


brachypetala,  271. 
brachypoda,  65,  72,  75. 
brachypoda,  var.  microdonta, 

brachypoda,  var.  pseudossiori, 

bracteata,  238. 
bracteopadus,  74. 
brasiliensis,  74. 
Brittoniana,  74. 
Buergeriana,  59,  71,  73. 
Buergeriana,  var.  nudiuscula, 

Bungei,  263. 
calycosus,  271. 
campanulata,  233,  253. 
canescens,  215,  234,  257. 
capollin,  73. 
carcharias,  237,  267. 
caroliniana,  74. 
caudata,  236,  259. 
Ceraseidos,  259,  261. 
ceraseidos,  var.  kurile7isis,  260. 
cerasoides,  253. 
cerasoides,  253. 

cerasoides,  var.  tibetica,  213, 252. 
Cerasus,  238. 
Cerasus,  a  flore  plena,  247. 
Cerasus  flore  rosea  plena,  248. 
Cerasus,  /3  flore  simplici,  246. 
cerasus  pendula  flore  roseo,  256. 
cinerascens,  237,  271. 
clarofolia,  230,  239. 
communis,  276. 
conadenia,  197,  229,  238. 
concinna,  210,  232,  251. 
Conradinae,  211,  233,  252. 
consociiflora,  278,  279. 
cornuta,  75. 
crassipes,  580. 
Cuthbertii,  73. 
cyclamina,  207,  231,  243. 
cyclamina,  var.  biflora,  243. 
Davidiana,  274,  275. 
Davidiana  alba,  275. 
Davidiana  flore  albo,  275. 
dehiscens,  271,  274,  275. 
demissa,  75. 
diamantinus,  75. 
dictyoneura,  237,  262. 
Dielsiana,  232,  243. 
Dielsiana,  var.  conferta,  244. 
Dielsiana,  var.  laxa,  208,  244. 


600 


INDEX 


Prunus  diffusa,  271, 

Prunus  discadenia,  200,  229,  238 

Prunus  diversifolia,  75. 

Prunus  domestica,  276. 

Prunus  donarium,  246,  580. 

Prunus  droseracea,  215,  234,  257. 

Prunus  Duclouxii,  231,  242. 

Prunus  emarginata,  237. 

Prunus  eximia,  73. 

Prunus  Fauriei,  75. 

Prunus  formosana,  265. 

Prunus  fruticosa,  237. 

Prunus  Giraldiana,  234,  257. 

Prunus  glabra,  231,  241. 

Prunus  glandulifolia,  244. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  237,  263. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  264. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  glabra,  263. 

Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  glabra,  f.  Sie- 

boldiana,  263. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  glabra,  f.  Sie- 

boldiana,  subf.  alba,  263. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  glabra,  f.  Sie- 

boldiana  subf.  albiplena,  263,  264. 
Prunus    glandulosa,    var.    glabra,    f. 

Sieboldiana,  subf.  rosea,  263. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  Purdomii,  263, 

264. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  salicifolia,  263, 

265. 
Prunus   glandulosa,    var.    trichostyla, 

224,  263,  264. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  trichostyla,  f. 

Faberi,  224,  263,  264. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  trichostyla,  f. 

paokangensis,  263,  264. 
Prunus  glandulosa,  var.  trichostyla,  f. 

sinensis,  263,  265. 
Prunus  glaucifolia,  75. 
Prunus  glyptocarya,  219,  235,  258. 
Prunus  gracilifolia,  223,  236,  262. 
Prunus  Grayana,  69,  73,  75. 
Prunus  Griffithii,  271. 
Prunus  guanaiensis,  74. 
Prunus  gymnodonta,  278,  279. 
Prunus  Helenae,  212,  233,  252. 
Prunus  Henryi,  230,  240. 
Prunus  Herincquiana,  214,  233,  254. 
Prunus  Herincquiana,  215,  256. 
Prunus  Herincquiana,  var.  ascendens, 

255. 
Prunus  Herincquiana,  var.  biloba,  254. 
Prunus  hirtifolia,  209,  232,  244. 


Prunus  hirtipes,  231,  242. 

Prunus  hirtipes,  var.  glabra,  241. 

Prunus  Hosseusii,  253. 

Prunus  humilis,  237,  262. 

Prunus  ichangana,  276. 

Prunus  ilicifolia,  74. 

Prunus  ilicifolia,  var.  integrifolia,  74. 

Prunus  ilicifolia,  var.  occidentalis,  74. 

Prunus  incana,  271. 

Prunus  incisa,  258. 

Prunus  incisa,  255. 

Prunus  incisa,  var.  kurilensis,  260. 

Prunus  integrifolia,  74. 

Prunus  integrifolia,  74. 

Prunus  involucrata,  206,  231,  242. 

Prunus  itosakra,  y  ascendens,  215. 

Prunus  itosakra,  y  ascendens,  subvar. 

amabilis,  255. 
Prunus  itosakra,  a  pendula,  256. 
Prunus  itosakra,  /3  subhirtella,  255. 
Prunus  itosakura,  215,  256. 
Prunus  Itosakura,  var.  ascendens,  215. 
Prunus  iwagiensis,  259. 
Prunus  Jacquemontii,  271. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  246. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  a  borealis,  249. 
Prunus    jamasakura,     a     elegans,     c 

compta,  249. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  a  elegans,  a  glabra, 

Prunus  jamasakura,  a  elegans,  a  parvi- 

folia,  251. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  ^  speciosa,  247. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  /3  speciosa,   var. 

nobilis,  247. 
Prunus  jamasakura,   ^  speciosa,   var. 

nobilis,  2.  donarium,  248. 
Prunus  jamasakura,  5  verecunda,  249. 
Prunus  japonica,  237,  265. 
Prunus  japonica,  224,  263,  264,  267. 
Prunus  japonica,  y,  264,  265. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  eujaponica,  266. 
Prunus  japonica,   var.  eujaponica,   f. 

Fauriei,  266. 
Prunus  japonica,   var.  eujaponica,   f. 

Oldhamii,  266. 
Prunus  japonica,  flore  albo  plena,  264. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  flore  plena,  264, 

265. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  flor.  simp.,  264. 
Prunus  japonica,  ^  glandulosa,  263. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  glandulosa,  264. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  gracillima,  266. 


INDEX 


601 


Prunus   japonica,   var.   gracillima,   f. 

Engleri,  266. 
Prunus   japonica,    var.    gracillima,    f. 

minor,  266,  267. 
Prunus   japonica,    var.    gracillima,    f. 

sphaerica,  266,  267. 
Prunus   japonica,    var.    gracillima,    f. 

Thunbergii,  266. 
Prunus  japonica,  a  japonica,  266. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  Kerii,  266,  267. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  multiplex,  264. 
Prunus  japonica,    var.    packangensis, 

264. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  salicifolia,  265. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  sphaerica,  267. 
Prunus  japonica,  var.  Thunbergii,  266. 
Prunus  japonica  typica,  266. 
Prunus  japonica    typica   flore    plena, 

267. 
Prunus  japonica,  a  typica  flore  rosea, 

264. 
Prunus  javanica,  74. 
Prunus  Jenkinsii,  74. 
Prunus  Kerii,  267. 
Prunus  kurilensis,  260. 
Prunus  latidentata,  217,  235,  258. 
Prunus  laurifolia,  74. 
Prunus  Laurocerasus,  74. 
Prunus  laxiflora,  70,  73,  75. 
Prunus  Leveilleana,  250. 
Prunus  litigiosa,  230,  239. 
Prunus  litigiosa,  var.  abbreviata,  205, 

239. 
Prunus  lobulata,  220,  236,  258. 
Prunus  lusitanica,  74. 
Prunus  Lyonii,  74. 
Prunus  Maackii,  73,  75. 
Prunus  Macgregoriana,  230,  240. 
Prunus  macrodenia,  199,  229,  238. 
Prunus  macrophylla,  71,  74. 
Prunus  Mahaleb,  237. 
Prunus  majestica,  233,  252. 
Prunus  malifolia,  207,  231,  243. 
Prunus  malifolia,  var.  Rosthornii,  243. 
Prunus  mandschurica,  279,  282. 
Prunus  martabanica,  74. 
Prunus  Masu,  280. 
Prunus  Maximowiczii,  238. 
Prunus  Maximowiczii,  var.  aperta,  238. 
Prunus  mesadenia,  250. 
Prunus  microbotrys,  62,  71,  74. 
Prunus  microcarpa,  271. 
Prunus  Bubgen.  Microcerasus,  268. 


Prunus  microlepis,  256. 
Prunus  microlepis,  var.  ternata,  256. 
Prunus  micromeloides,  218,  235,  258. 
Prunus  Miqueliana,  261. 
Prunus  Miqueliana,  256,  259. 
Prunus  mira,  272,  274,  275. 
Prunus  mollis,  237. 
Prunus  mongolica,  274,  275. 
Prunus  mume,  278,  279,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  Bungei,  281. 
Prunus  Mume,  var.  crasseglandulosa, 

249. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  cryptopetala,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  Goethartiana,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  f.  laciniata,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  microcarpa,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  pleiocarpa,  281. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  typica,  281. 
Prunus  Mume,  a  typica,  278. 
Prunus  mume,  var.  viridicalyx,  281. 
Prunus  Nakaii,  267. 
Prunus  napaulensis,  74. 
Prunus  napaulensis,  var.  sericea,  63. 
Prunus  neglecta,  230,  241. 
Prunus  nikkoensis,  260. 
Prunus  nipponica,  259. 
Prunus  "spec.  Nordjapan,"  249. 
Prunus  obtusata,  66,  72. 
Prunus  occidentalis,  74. 
Prunus  occidentalis,  74. 
Prunus  oxyodonta,  218,  235,  258. 
Prunus  Padus,  72,  75. 
Prunus  Padus,  var.  japonica,  69. 
Prunus  Padus,  var.  pubescens,  f.  Pur- 

domii,  196. 
Prunus  paniculata,  245. 
Prunus  paracerasus,  246. 
Prunus  parvifolia,  251. 
Prunus  parvifolia,  f.  aomoriensis,  251. 
Prunus  pauciflora,  233,  252. 
Prunus  Pearcei,  74. 
Prunus  pedunculata,  273,  274. 
Prunus  pendula,  256. 
Primus  pendula,  214. 
Prunus  pendula,  var.  ascendens,  255. 
Prunus  pennsylvanica,  237. 
Prunus  Persica,  273,  274,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  a  Davidiana,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  var.  densa,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  y  necturina,  275. 
Prunus  persica,  var.  nucipersica,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  var.  Potanini,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  j8  vulgaris,  273. 


602 


INDEX 


Prunus  Persica,  /3  vulgaris,  f.  praema- 

tura,  275. 
Prunus  Persica,  /3  vulgaris,  f.  stellata, 

275. 
Prunus  perulata,  61,  71,  73. 
Prunus  Petzoldii,  273,  274. 
Prunus  phaeosticta,   74. 
Prunus  phyllopoda,  234.  257. 
Prunus  pilosa,  273,  275. 
Prunus  pilosiuscula,  202,  230,  239. 
Prunus  pilosiuscula,  var.  barbata,  203. 
Prunus  pilosiuscula,  var.  media,  204. 
Prunus   pilosiuscula,   var.   subvestita, 

204. 
Prunus  platysepala,  277,  279,  280. 
Prunus  pleiocerasus,  198,  229,  238. 
Prunus  pleuroptera,  221,  236,  258. 
Prunus  plurinervis,  208,  232,  244. 
Prunus  podadenia,  236,  258. 
Prunus  pogonostyla,  237,  265. 
Prunus  pogonostyla,  var.  globosa,  265. 
Prunus    pogonostyla,    var.     obovata, 

265. 
Prunus  polytricha,  204,  230,  239. 
Prunus  praecox,  267. 
Prunus  prostrata,  271. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  232,  245,  580. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  247,  249. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  henifugen,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  borealis,  249. 
Prunus  Pseudocerasus  Jlore  rosea  pleno, 

246. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  hisakura,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore 

cameo  suffuso,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore 

pleno  viridi,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore 

pidcherrimo  pleno  candido,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  §  hortensis  flore 

semipleno  roseo,  248. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  hortensis  flore 

simplici  alba,  247. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus,  ^  hortensis  flore 

simplici  cameo,  247. 
Prunus     pseudocerasus     "James     H. 

Veitch,"  248. 
Prumts  pseudocerasus,  var.  jamasakura, 

subvar.  glabra,  247 
Prunus    pseudocerasus  a  jamasakura, 

a  glabra,  f.  praecox,  247. 
Prunus  pseudocerasus  jamasakura  X 

incisa?,  249. 


Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a  jamasakura,  f . 
praecox,  247. 

Prunus  Pseudocerasus  naden,  246. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  "New  Red,"  248. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  ochichima,  248. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  parvifolia, 
251. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  sachalinen- 
sis,  249. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  sub- 
var. glabra,  247. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  sub- 
var. glabra,  f .  Fugenzo,  247. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  sub- 
var. glabra,  f.  viridiflora,  248. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  sub- 
var. Sieboldtii,  246. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  y  serrulata,  sub- 
var. Sieboldii,  f.  albida,  247. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  shidare-sakura, 
249. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  shirofugen,  248. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  f.  Sieboldii,  245. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  a  spontanea,  249. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  spontanea,  249. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  /3  spontanea, 
subvar.  hortensis,  247. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  typica, 
subvar.  parvifolia,  251. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  var.  typica, 
subvar.  Sieboldii,  246. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  ukon,  248. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  f .  virescens,  246. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus,  f .  Watereri,  246. 

Prunus  pseudocerasus  yoshino,  247. 

Prunus  pubigera,  67,  73. 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  obovata,  68, 
196. 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  Potaninii,  68, 
196. 

Prunus  pubigera,  var.  Prattii,  68. 

Prunus  Puddum,  247,  249,  252,  254. 

Prunus  puddum,  var.  tibeiica,  213. 

Prunus  pulchella,  197,  229,  238. 

Prunus  pumila,  262. 

Prunus  racemosa,  72. 

Prunus  reflexa,  74. 

Prunus  Rehderiana,  205,  236,  239. 

Prunus  Rossiana,  223,  236,  262. 

Prunus  rufa,  254. 

Prunus  rufa,  254. 

Prunus  rufoides,  232,  244. 

Prunus  rufoides,  var.  glabrifolia,  212. 


INDEX 


603 


Prunus  rufomicans,  65,  72,  74. 

Prunus  salicifolia,  73. 

Prunus  salicina,  580. 

Prunus  salicina,  263. 

Prunus  saltuum,  213,  233,  252. 

Prunus  samydoides,  74. 

Prunus  Sargentii,  249. 

Prunus  Schneideriana,  231,  242. 

Prunus  scopulorum,  231,  241. 

Prunus  seoulensis,  75. 

Prunus  sericea,  63,  71,  74,  196. 

Prunus  sericea,  var.  Batalinii,  64. 

Prunus  sericea,  var.  brevifolia,  64. 

Prunus    sericea,    var.    septentrionalis, 

64. 
Prunus  serotina,  73. 
Prunus  serotina,  var.  neomontana,  73. 
Prunus  serrula,  233,  253. 
Prunus  serrula,  var.  tibetica,  213,  253. 
Prunus  serrulata,  232,  246,  580. 
Prunus  serrxdata,  247. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f .  albida,  247. 
Prunus  serrulata,  /3  borealis,  249. 
Prunus  serrulata  flore  plena,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  grandiflora,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  hisakura,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  Kriegeri,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  Lannesiana,  247. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  mucronata,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  ochichima,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  albida, 

247. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f .  Fugenzo, 

2.  alborosea,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f .  Fugenzo 

1.  rosea,  247. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  Lan- 
nesiana, 247. 
Prunus   serrulata,       serrulata,   f.   Sie- 

boldtii,  246. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  viridi- 

flora,  248. 
Prunus    serrulata,    f.    shidare-sakura, 

248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  f.  Veitchiana,  248. 
Prunus  serrulata  "  W.  Kou,"  248. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  serrulata,  f.  Wat- 

tererii,  246. 
Prunus  serrulata,  a  yashino,  247. 
Prunus  setulosa,  234,  257. 
Prunus  sibirica,  279,  281. 
Prunus  Sieboldii,  580. 
Prunus  Sieboldii,  245,  246. 


Prunus  silvatica,  254. 

Prunus  Simonii,  278,  280. 

Prunus  sinensis,   265. 

Prunus  Sontagiae,  250. 

Prunus  sphaerocarpa,  74. 

Prunus  spinulosa,  74. 

Prunus  Sprengeri,  233,  252. 

Prunus  ssiori,  72,  75. 

Prunus  stellipila,  61,  71,  73. 

Prunus  stipulacea,  235,  258. 

Prunus  subhirtella,  255. 

Prunus    subhirtella,    var.    autumnalis, 

259. 
Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  fukubana,  255. 
Prunus    subhirtella,    var.    oblongifolia, 

255. 
Prunus  subhirtella,  var.  pendula,  256. 
Prunus  szechuanica,  229,  238. 
Prunus  szechuanica  var.?  243. 
Prunus    szechuanica,    var.    Dielsiana, 

243. 
Prunus  taiwaniana,  256. 
Prunus  tangutica,  274,  276. 
Prunus  Taqueti,  276. 
Prunus  tatsienensis,  230,  238. 
Prunus  tatsienensis,  var.  adenophora, 

238. 
Prunus  tatsienensis,  var.  pilosiuscula, 

202. 
Prunus  tatsienensis,   var.   stenadenia, 

201,  238. 
Prunus  tenuiflora,  209,  232,  249. 
Prunus  thibetica,  278,  280. 
Prunus  tomentosa,  237,  268. 
Prunus  tomantosa,  var.  ?  Batalinii,  270. 
Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  breviflora,  269, 

270. 
Prunus    tomentosa,    var.    endotricha, 

225,  269. 
Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Graebneriana, 

268,  269. 

Prunus   tomentosa,  var.    heteromera, 

269,  270. 

Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  insularis,  268, 

269. 
Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Kashkarovii, 

269. 
Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  Souliei,  268, 

269. 
Prunus    tomentosa,    var.  Spaethiana, 

268,  269. 

Prunus   tomentosa,    var.   trichocarpa, 

269,  270. 


604 


INDEX 


Prunus  tomentosa,  var.  tsuluensis,  269, 

270. 
Prunus  trichantha,  254, 
Prunus  trichocarpa,  270. 
Prunus  sect.  Trichocerasus  et  subgen. 

Microcerasus,  268. 
Prunus  trichostoma,  216,  235,  258. 
Prunus  triflora,  276,  278,  280,  580. 
Prunus  triflora,  276. 
Prunus  triflora,  var.  pubipes,  280. 
Prunus  triloba,  273,  274. 
Prunus  triloba,  var.  plena,  274. 
Prunus  triloba,  var.  truncata,  274. 
Prunus  Tschonoskii,  261,  580. 
Prunus  Twymaniana,  211,  232,  251. 
Prunus  ulmifolia,  274. 
Prunus  undulata,  73. 
Prunus  variabilis,  201,  230,  238. 
Prunus  Veitchii,  234,  257. 
Prunus  velutina,  69,  73,  75. 
Prunus  venosa,  60,  71,  73. 
Prunus  venusta,  230,  239. 
Prunus  verrucosa,  271. 
Prunus  virginiana,  75. 
Prunus  Wildeniana,  232,  249. 
Prunus  Wilsonii,  63,  71,  74. 
Prunus      Wilsonii,      var.     leiobotrys, 

63. 
Prunus  yedoensis,  252. 
Prunus  yunnanensis,  230,  239. 
Prunus  yunnanensis,  var.  Henryi,  240, 

241. 
Prunus  Zappeyana,  221,  236,  258. 
Prunus   Zappeyana,   var.   subsimplex, 

222,  258. 
Psedera  Henryana,  101. 
P  seder  a  himalayana,  101. 
Psedera  tricuspidata,  102. 
Pseudocerasus,  226,  227,  232,  244. 
Pseudogardneria,  564. 
Pseudogardneria  muUiflora,  563. 
Pseudomahaleb,  227,  230,  239. 
Pseudotinus,  109. 
Pterostyrax,   295. 
Pterostyrax  corymbosus,  295. 
Pterostyrax  hispidus,  295,  580. 
Pterostyrax  micranthum,  295. 
Puddum,  228,  233,  253. 
Pyracantha,  177. 
Pyracantha  chinensis,  177. 
Pyracantha  crenulata,   177. 
Pyrus  insignis,  461. 
Pyrus  pohuashanensis,  481. 


Quinaria  tricuspidata,  102. 

Rajania  quinata,  348. 
Ranunculaceae,  318. 
Rhododendron,  503. 
Rhododendron  Albrechtii,  549. 
Rhododendron  alpicola,  506. 
Rhododendron  alpicola,  var.  strictum, 

506. 
Rhododendron  ambigum,  518. 
Rhododendron  Amesiae,  523. 
Rhododendron  apiculatum,  520. 
Rhododendron  argyrophyllum,  525. 
Rhododendron     argyrophyllum,     var. 

cupulare,  526. 
Rhododendron     argyrophyllum,     var. 

omeiense,  527. 
Rhododendron  afroviride,  518. 
Rhododendron  aucubaefolium,  546. 
Rhododendron  Augustinii,  524. 
Rhododendron  auriculatum,  544. 
Rhododendron  Benthamianum,  518. 
Rhododendron  blepharocalyx,  505. 
Rhododendron  bracteatum,  519. 
Rhododendron  Brettii,  530. 
Rhododendron  Calleryi,  547. 
Rhododendron  calophytum,  544. 
Rhododendron  capitatum,  507. 
Rhododendron  cephalanthum,  503. 
Rhododendron  chionophyllum,  527. 
Rhododendron  concinnum,  522. 
Rhododendron  concinnum,  518. 
Rhododendron  coombense,  522. 
Rhododendron  costulatum,  517. 
Rhododendron  Davidii,  543. 
Rhododendron  Davidsonianum,  515. 
Rhododendron  decorum,  541. 
Rhododendron  dendrocharis,  525. 
Rhododendron  dilatatimi,  548. 
Rhododendron  discolor,  542. 
Rhododendron  Edgarianum,  508. 
Rhododendron  Faberii,  533. 
Rhododendron  Fargesii,  540. 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,   var.   leucotri- 

chum,  548. 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,  var.  mediocre, 

548. 
Rhododendron  Farrerae,  var.  Weyrichii, 

548. 
Rhododendron  fastigiatum,  507. 
Rhododendron  flavidum,  512. 
Rhododendron    flavidum,    var.    psilo 

stylum,  513. 


INDEX 


605 


Rhododendron  floribundum,  535. 
Rhododendron  Fortunei,  541. 
Rhododendron  Fortunei,    var.    Houl- 

stonii,  541. 
Rhododendron  foveolatum,  537. 
Rhododendron  fragrans,  var.  parviflora, 

505. 
Rhododendron  gracilipes,  527. 
Rhododendron  gymnanthum,  539. 
Rhododendron  haematocheilon,  540. 
Rhododendron  Hanceanum,  517. 
Rhododendron  Harrovianum,  521. 
Rhododendron  Houlstonii,  541. 
Rhododendron  HunnewelHanum,  535. 
Rhododendron  hypoglaucum,  527. 
Rhododendron  indicum,  var.  ignescens, 

547. 
Rhododendron  indicum,  var.  puniceum, 

547. 
Rhododendron    indicum,    var.    Siinsii, 

547. 
Rhododendron  insigne,  528. 
Rhododendron  intricatum,  505. 
Rhododendron  japonicum,  549. 
Rhododendron  kialense,  534. 
Rhododendron  lacteum,  545. 
Rhododendron  longesquamatum,  529. 
Rhododendron  longipes,  528. 
Rhododendron  longistylum,  514. 
Rhododendron  lucidum,  541. 
Rhododendron  lutescens,  516. 
Rhododendron  macuhferum,  531. 
Rhododendron  mandarinorum,  542. 
Rhododendron  Mariesii,  548. 
Rhododendron  micranthum,  513. 
Rhododendron  moUe,  549. 
Rhododendron  Monbeigii,  536. 
Rhododendron  moupinense,  525. 
Rhododendron  nigropunctatum,  505. 
Rhododendron  nitidulum,  509. 
Rhododendron    nitidulum,     var.    nu- 

bigenum,  510. 
Rhododendron  ochraceum,  534. 
Rhododendron  Openshawianum,  543. 
Rhododendron  orbiculare,  540. 
Rhododendron  oreodoxa,  540. 
Rhododendron  ovatum,  546. 
Rhododendron  pachytrichum,  530. 
Rhododendron  pittosporaejolium,  546. 
Rhododendron  poljdepis,  521. 
Rhododendron  Pratiii,  533. 
Rhododendron  primulinum,  512. 
Rhododendron  Pritzelianum,  513. 


Rhododendron  Przewalskii,  534. 
Rhododendron  Purdomii,  538. 
Rhododendron  quinqueloculare,  548. 
Rhododendron  racemosum,  516. 
Rhododendron  racemosum,  var.  rigidum, 

516. 
Rhododendron  ramosissimum,  507. 
Rhododendron  rhombicum,  548. 
Rhododendron  rhombicum,  548. 
Rhododendron  Rosthornii,  513. 
Rhododendron  rotundifolium,  540. 
Rhododendron  rufescens,  503. 
Rhododendron  Sargentianum,  504. 
Rhododendron  Schh'ppenbachii,  548. 
Rhododendron  Searsiae,  522. 
Rhododendron  Simsii,  547. 
Rhododendron  sinense,  549. 
Rhododendron  sinense,  var.  flavescens, 

549. 
Rhododendron  Souliei,  537. 
Rhododendron  Spooneri,  541. 
Rhododendron  stamineum,  546. 
Rhododendron  strigillosuin,  530. 
Rhododendron  sutchuenense,  544. 
Rhododendron  tahense,  533. 
Rhododendron  Thayerianum,  529. 
Rhododendron  trichostomum,  505. 
Rhododendron  verruculosum,  507. 
Rhododendron  vernicosum,  541. 
Rhododendron  villosum,  524. 
Rhododendron  violaceum,  511. 
Rhododendron  yanthinum,  518. 
Rhododendron  yanthinum,   var.  lepi- 

danthum,  519. 
Rhododendron  Wasonii,  532. 
Rhododendron  Watsonii,  545. 
Rhododendron  Websterianum,  511. 
Rhododendron  Weldianum,  532. 
Rhododendron  Weyrichii,  548. 
Rhododendron  Weyrichii,  548. 
Rhododendron  Wilhamsianum,  538. 
Rhododendron  Wiltonii,  531. 
Rhodora  deflexa,  550. 
Rhodorastum,    515. 
Ribes,  44,  152. 
Ribes  acuminatum,  46. 
Ribes  alpestre,  a  commune,  45. 
Ribes  alpestre,  13  giganteum,  45. 
Ribes  Franchetii,  46. 
Ribes  glaciale,  46. 
Ribes  glaciale,  /3  glandulosum,  46. 
Ribes  himalayense,  7  glandulosum,  44, 

152. 


606 


INDEX 


Ribes  himalayense,  a  urceolatum,  44, 

152. 
Ribes  humile,  45,  153. 
Ribes  laurifolium,  46. 
Ribes  longeracemosum,  a  Davidii,  45. 
Ribes  longeracemosum,  /3  Wilsonii,  45. 
Ribes  luridum,  46,  153. 
Ribes  Maximowiczii,  46,  153. 
Ribes  Meyeri,  a  tanguticum,  44,  152. 
Ribes   moupinense,   7   laxiflorum,   44, 

152. 
Ribes  moupinense,  /3  tripartitum,  44. 
Ribes  pulchellum,  45. 
Ribes  tenue,  45,   153. 
Ribes  Vilmorinii,  45,  152. 
RosACEAE,  47,  154,  434. 
Rubus,  48. 

Rubus  adenophorus,  55. 
Rubus  amabilis,  52. 
Rubus  aurantiacus,  56. 
Rubus  hamhusarum,  49. 
Rubus  biflorus,  53. 
Rubus  biflorus,  var.  quinqueflorus,  53. 
Rubus  Buergeri,  51. 
Rubus  chiliadenus,  55. 
Rubus  chroosepalus,  49. 
Rubus  Clemens,  51. 
Rubus  corchorifolius,  51. 
Rubus  coreanus,  54. 
Rubus  eucalyptus,  53. 
Rubus  flosculosus,  54. 
Rubus  flosculosus,  f.  laxiflorus,  55. 
Rubus  flosculosus,  f.  parvifolius,  54. 
Rubus  Fockeanus,  48. 
Rubus  fusco-rubens,  50. 
Rubus  gentilianus,  50. 
Rubus  Giraldianus,  55. 
Rubus  Henry i,  49. 
Rubus  hupehensis,  49. 
Rubus  ichangensis,  50. 
Rubus  innominatus,  55. 
Rubus  innominatus,  subsp.  plebejus,  55. 
Rubus  inopertus,  54. 
Rubus  irenaeus,  51. 
Rubus  Kuntzeanus,  54. 
Rubus  Lambertianus,  51. 
Rubus  lasiostylus,  52. 
Rubus  lasiostylus,  var.  dizygos,  53. 
Rubus  loropetalus,  48. 
Rubus  lutescens,  53. 
Rubus  macilentus,  53. 
Rubus  mesogaeus,  56. 
Rubus  mesogaeus,  f.,  56. 


Rubus  niveus,  subsp.  inopertus,  54. 

Rubus  Parkeri,  50. 

Rubus  Parkeri,  var.  brevisetosus,  50. 

Rubus  Parkeri,  var.  longisetosus,  50. 

Rubus  pileatus,  52. 

Rubus  pileatus,  var.  52. 

Rubus  pinfaensis,  55. 

Rubus  Playfairianus,  49. 

Rubus  polytrichus,  49. 

Rubus  pungens,  52. 

Rubus  sagatus,  55. 

Rubus  simplex,  48,  579. 

Rubus  thibetanus,  54. 

Rubus  Thunbergii,  51. 

Rubus  Thunbergii,  var.  glabellas,  52. 

Rubus  trianthus,  51. 

Rubus  tricolor,  49. 

Rubus  trullissatus,  53. 

Rubus  Veitchii,  54. 

Rubus  vicarius,  56. 

Rubus  xanthocarpus,  49. 

Sambucus,  106,  306. 

Sambucus  adnata,  308. 

Sambucus  canadensis,  307. 

Sambucus  chinensis,  307. 

Sambucus  Ebulus,  306. 

Sambucus  Gautschii,  306. 

Sambucus  Hookeri,  308. 

Sambucus  javanica,  106,  307. 

Sambucus  javanica,  308. 

Sambucus  racemosa,  307. 

Sambucus  racemosa,  var.  Sieboldiana, 

106. 
Sambucus  Schweriniana,  306. 
Sambucus  Sieboldiana,  106,  309. 
Sambucus  Sieboldiana,  106. 
Sambucus  Thunbergiana,  307. 
Sambucus  Thunbergii,  307. 
Sambucus  Wightiana,  306. 
Sambucus  Wightiana,  306. 
Sargentiella,  227,  232,  245. 
Sargentodoxa,  350. 
Sargentodoxa  cuneata,  351. 
Saxfragaceae,  4,  145. 
Schisandra,  411. 
Schisandra  elongata,  415. 
Schisandra  glaucescens,  413. 
Schisandra  grandiflora,  411. 
Schisandra  Henryi,  413. 
Schisandra  propinqua,  416. 
Schisandra   propinqua,    var.    sinensis, 

416. 


INDEX 


607 


Schisandra  pubescens,  413. 
Schisandra  rubriflora,  412. 
Schisandra  sphenanthera,  414. 
Schisandra   sphenanthera,  var.   lanci- 

folia,  415. 
Schisandra   sphenanthera,    var.   pubi- 

nervis,  415. 
Schizandra  chinensis,  414. 
Schizandra  chinensis,   var.   rubriflora, 

412. 
Schizandra  grandiflora,  412. 
Schizandra  hypoglauca,  413. 
Schizandra    propinqua,    var.    linearis, 

416. 
Schizophragma,  41. 
Schizophragma  Fauriei,  41. 
Schizophragma  hydrangeoides,  43. 
Schizophragma  hydrangeoides,  var.  in- 

tegrifolium,  41. 
Schizophragma  hypoglaucum,  43. 
Schizophragma  integrifoHum,  41. 
Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  den- 

ticulatum,  42. 
Schizophragma  integrifolium,  var.  glau- 

cescens,  42. 
Schizophragma     integrifolium,      var. 

minus,  43. 
Schizophragma      integrifolium,      var. 

molle,  42. 

SCROPHULARIACEAE,    573. 

Scyphidarthe,  309. 

Serrula,  227,  233,  252. 

Sibiraea,  455. 

Sibiraea  altaiensis,  455. 

Sibiraea  laevigata,  455. 

Sibiraea  laevigata,  var.  angustata,  455. 

Sini  et  Confusi,  vulgo  Kobus,  408. 

Sinofranchetia,  349. 

Sinofranchetia  chinensis,  349. 

Sinomenium,  387. 

Sinomenium  acutum,  387. 

Sinomenium  acutum,  var.  cinereum, 
387. 

Sinomenium  diversifolium,  387. 

Sinomenium  diversifolium,  var.  cine- 
reum, 387. 

Sinowilsonia,  429. 

Sinowilsonia  Henryi,  429. 

Sorbaria,  47. 

Sorbaria  arborea,  47. 

Sorbaria  arborea,  var.  glabrata,  48. 

Sorbaria  arborea,  var.  subtomentosa, 
47. 


Sorbus,  457. 

Sorbus  aestivalis,  469,  479,  483. 

Sorbus  altaica,  480. 

Sorbus  aperta,  465,  479,  482. 

Sorbus  arachnoidea,  482. 

Sorbus  Boissieri,  480. 

Sorbus  cashmiriana,  482. 

Sorbus  commixta,  480. 

Sorbus  Conradinae,  460,  478,  481. 

Sorbus  discolor,  477,  480. 

Sorbus  discolor,  481. 

Sorbus  Esserteauiana,  459,  478,  481. 

Sorbus  expansa,  457,  478,  481. 

Sorbus  foliolosa,  482. 

Sorbus  foliolosa,  var.  pluripinnata,  481. 

Sorbus  Giraldiana,  477,  481. 

Sorbus  glomerulata,  470,  480,  483. 

Sorbus  gracilis,  481. 

Sorbus  Helenae,  462,  478,  482. 

Sorbus    Helenae,    f.    subglabra,    463, 

482. 
Sorbus  Helenae,  f.  rufidula,  463,  482. 
Sorbus  heterodonta,  480. 
Sorbus  hupehensis,  467,  479,  482. 
Sorbus  hupehensis,  var.  syncarpa,  467, 

482. 
Sorbus  insignis,  461. 
Sorbus  Koehneana,  471,  480,  483. 
Sorbus  Kurzii,  482. 
Sorbus  laxiflora,  466,  479,  482. 
Sorbus  Matsumurana,  482. 
Sorbus  microphylla,  483. 
Sorbus  multijuga,  472,  480,  483. 
Sorbus    multijuga,    var.    microdonta, 

473,  475,  483. 
Sorbus  munda,  469,  479,  482. 
Sorbus  munda,  f.  b.  subarachnoidea, 

469,  482. 
Sorbus  munda,  f.  a.  tatsienensis,  469, 

482. 
Sorbus  parviflora,  480. 
Sorbus  pekinensis,  477,  481. 
Sorbus  pluripinnata,  478,  481. 
Sorbus  pogonopetala,  473,  480,  483. 
Sorbus  pohuashanensis,  477,  481. 
Sorbus  polaris,  482. 
Sorbus  Prattii,  468,  479,  482. 
Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  laevis,  468,  482. 
Sorbus  Prattii,  f.  striata,  468,  482. 
Sorbus  pruinosa,  480. 
Sorbus  pscudogracilis,  482. 
Sorbus  reflexipetala,  480. 
Sorbus  Rehderiana,  464,  479,  482. 


608 


INDEX 


Sorbus  Rehderiana,  var.  grosseserrata, 

465,  473,  482. 
Sorbus  rufopilosa,  483. 
Sorbus  sambucifolia,  482. 
Sorbus  Sargentiana,  461,  478,  481. 
Sorbus  scalaris,  462,  478,  481. 
Sorbus  Schneideriana,  482. 
Sorbus  Schwerini,  481. 
Sorbus  serotina,  480. 
Sorbus  setschwanensis,  475,  480,  483. 
Sorbus  sibirica,  480. 
Sorbus  tapashana,  478,  482. 
Sorbus  thianshanica,  482. 
Sorbus  unguiculata,  473,  474,  475,  480, 

483. 
Sorbus  ursina,  482. 
Sorbus  Vilmorini,  480,  483. 
Sorbus  Vilmorini,  var.  setschwanensis, 

475. 
Sorbus  Wattii,  482. 
Sorbus  Wenzigiana,  482. 
Sorbus  Wilfordii,  482. 
Sorbus  Wilsoniana,  458,  478,  481. 
Sorbus  Wilsoniana  ?  var.  (a)  nova,  458. 
Sorbus  Wilsoniana  ?  var.  (6)  nova,  464. 
Sphenocarpus,  405. 
Sphaerostema  grandiflorum,  411. 
Sphaerostema  propinquum,  416. 
Spinovitis  Davidii,  104. 
Spiraea,  438. 
Spiraea  acutifolia,  439. 
Spiraea  aemulans,  448. 
Spiraea  alpina,  440. 
Spiraea  altaiensis,  455. 
Spiraea  angulata,  453. 
Spiraea  Blumei,  446. 
Spiraea  Blumei,  var.  hirsuta,  444. 
Spiraea  Blumei,  var.  rotundifolia,  445. 
Spiraea  callosa,  451. 
Spiraea  canescens,  var.  oblanceolata, 

450. 
Spiraea  canescens,  var.  sulfurea,  447. 
Spiraea  chamaedrifolia,  446. 
Spiraea  chinensis,  444. 
Spiraea    crenata,    var.    foliis    ovatis, 

floribus  plenis,  438. 
Spiraea  dasyantha,  444. 
Spiraea  Fortunei,  451. 
Spiraea  Fritschiana,  453. 
Spiraea  Fritschiana,  var.  angulata,  453. 
Spiraea  fuivescens,  439. 
Spiraea  gemmata,  441. 
Spiraea  grandiflora,  456. 


Spiraea  Henryi,  447. 

Spiraea  hirsuta,  444. 

Spiraea  hirsuta,  var.  rotundifolia,  445. 

Spiraea  hypericifolia,  438. 

Spiraea  hypericifolia,  var.  acuta,  439. 

Spiraea  hypericifolia,   var,   acutifolia, 

439. 
Spiraea  hypericifolia,  var.  hupehensis, 

439. 
Spiraea  japonica,  451. 
Spiraea  japonica,  var.  acuminata,  452. 
Spiraea  japonica,  var.  Fortunei,  451. 
Spiraea  japonica,  var.  ovalifolia,  452. 
Spiraea  japonica,  var.  stellaris,  452. 
Spiraea  japonica,  var.  typica,  453. 
Spiraea  laeta,  442. 

Spiraea  laeta,  var.  subpubescens,  444. 
Spiraea  laeta,  var.  tenuis,  443. 
Spiraea  laevigata,  455. 
Spiraea  Maximowicziana,  445. 
Spiraea  Miyabei,  454. 
Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  glabrata,  454. 
Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  pilosula,  455. 
Spiraea  Miyabei,  var.  tenuifoUa,  455. 
Spiraea  mollifolia,  441. 
Spiraea  mongolica,  441. 
Spiraea  myrtilloides,  440. 
Spiraea  ovalis,  446. 
Spiraea  papillosa,  443. 
Spiraea  Prattii,  451. 
Spiraea  prunifoUa,  438. 
Spiraea  prunifoUa,  438. 
Spiraea  prunifoha,  var.  plena,  438, 
Spiraea     prunifolia,     f.     simpliciflora, 

438. 
Spiraea  prunifolia,  var.  typica,  438. 
Spiraea  pubescens,  444. 
Spiraea  Rosthomii,  451. 
Spiraea  Sargentiana,  447. 
Spiraea  Schneideriana,  449. 
Spiraea  Schneideriana,  var.  amphidoxa, 

450. 
Spiraea  tortuosa,  445. 
Spiraea  Veitchii,  449, 
Spiraeocerasus,  228,  236,  262. 
Spiraeopsis,  228,  236,  262, 
Sportella  atalantoides,   177. 
Stachyuraceae,  287. 
Stachyurus,  287, 
Stachyurus  chinensis,  287, 
Stachyurus  himalaicus,  287, 
Stachyurus  praecox,  287. 
Stachyurus  yunnanensis,  288. 


INDEX 


609 


Stachyurus  yunnanensis,  var.  pedicel- 

latus,  288. 
Stauntonia,  344. 
Stauntonia  Duclouxii,  344. 
Stauntonia  longipes,  346. 
Stauntonia  sp.  nov.?  345. 
Stephanandra,  437. 
Stephanandra  chinensis,  437. 
Stephanandra  flexuosa,  var.  chinensis, 

437. 
Stephania,  389. 
Stephania  appendiculata,  390. 
Stephania  Delavayi,  389. 
Stephania  hernandifolia,  390. 
Stephania  hypoglauca,  390. 
Stephania  intertexta,  390. 
Stephania  japonica,  389. 
Stranvaesia,  192. 
Stranvaesia  amphidoxa,  190. 
Stranvaesia  Davidiana,  192. 
Stranvaesia  Davidiana,  var.  undulata, 

192. 
Stranvaesia  glaucescens,  193. 
Stranvaesia  Henryi,  192. 
Stranvaesia  undulata,  192. 
Stranvaesia  nussia,  var.  oblanceolata, 

193. 
Stranvaisia  digyna,  186. 
Styracaceae,  289. 
Styrax,  289. 
Styrax  caloneurus,  290. 
Styrax  calvescens,  290. 
Styrax  dasyanthus,  289. 
Styrax  dasyanthus,  var.  cinerascens, 

289. 
Styrax  Hemsleyanus,  291. 
Styrax  Hemsleyanus,  var.  griseus,  291. 
Styrax  japonicus,  291. 
Styrax  japonicus,  var.  calycothrix,  292. 
Styrax  Perkinsiae,  292. 
Styrax  philadelphoides,  289. 
Styrax  roseus,  291. 
Styrax  serrulatum,  292. 
Styrax  suberifolius,  290. 
Styrax    suberifolius,    var.    caloneurus, 

290. 
Styrax  Veitchiorum,  290. 
Styrax  Wilsonii,  293,  580. 
Sycopsis,  431. 
Sycopsis  Griffithiana,  431. 
Sycopsis  laurifolia,  431. 
Sycopsis  sinensis,  431. 
Sycopsis  sinensis,  var.  integrifolia,  431. 


Symphoricarpos,  117. 

Symphoricarpos  sinensis,  117. 

Syringa,  297. 

Syringa  Emodi,  var.  pilosissima,  300. 

Syringa  komarowii,  301. 

Syringa  Meyeri,  301. 

Syringa  microphylla,  var.  glabriuscula, 

301. 
Syringa  pinnatifolia,  297. 
Syringa  Potaninii,  297. 
Syringa  reflexa,  297. 
Syringa  Rehderiana,  299. 
Syringa  Sargentiana,  298. 
Syringa  suspensa,  302. 
Syringa  Sweginzowii,  301. 
Syringa  tetanoloba,  299. 
Syringa  tomentelia,  300. 
Syringa  velutina,  300. 
Syringa  verrucosa,  298. 
Syringa  Wilsonii,  300. 

Talauma  obovata,  403. 

Talauma  pumila,  407. 

Talauma  pumila,  407. 

Talauma  Roxburghii,  405. 

Talauma?  salicifolia,  408. 

Talauma?  Sieboldii,  403. 

Talauma  stellata,  409. 

Tecoma  chinensis,  303. 

Tecoma  grandiflora,  303. 

Tetracentron,  417. 

Tetracentron  sinense,  417. 

Tetrastigma,  99. 

Tetrastigma  obtectum,  99. 

Tetrastigma  obtectum,  var.  pilosum,  99. 

Tetrastigma  serrulatum,  99. 

Thibaudia  revoluta,  560. 

Thyrsosma,  106. 

Tinospora,  390. 

Tinospora  sagittata,  390. 

Tinus,  111. 

Triosteum,  116. 

Triosteum  Fargesii,  116. 

Triosteum  himalayanum,  var.  chinense, 

117. 
Triosteum  Rosthomii,  117. 
Trochodendraceae,  313. 
Tsu^ia,  547. 
Tsutsutsi,  547. 
Typocerasus,  226,  229,  237. 

Vaccinium,  557. 
Vaccinium  ajfine,  557. 


610 


INDEX 


Vaccinium  bracteatum,  558. 
Vaccinium  bracteatum,  var.  Wrightii, 

559. 
Vaccinium  Carlesii,  558. 
Vaccinium  chinense,  559. 
Vaccinium  Donianum,  557. 
Vaccinium  Donianum,   var.    elUptica, 

559. 
Vaccinium  Donianum,    var.    laetum, 

558. 
Vaccinium  Dunalianum,  560. 
Vaccinium    Dunalianum,     var.     uro- 

phyllum,  560. 
Vaccinium  fragile,  559. 
Vaccinium  Henry i,  561. 
Vaccinium  iteophyllum,  558. 
Vaccinium  iteophyllum,  var.  fragrans, 

558. 
Vaccinium  japonicum,  562. 
Vaccinium  laetum,  558. 
Vaccinium  mandarinorum,  557. 
Vaccinium  moupinense,  560. 
Vaccinium  Oldhamii,  559. 
Vaccinium  setosum,  559. 
Vaccinium  urceolatum,  560. 
Vaccinium  viburnoides,  561. 
Vaccinium  Wardii,  561. 
Vaccinium  Wrightii,  559. 
Vesalea  floribunda,  127. 
Vesalea  hirsuta,  127. 
Viburnum,  106,  309. 
Viburnum  betulifolium,  114. 
Viburnum  brachybotryum,  108,  309. 
Viburnum  brevipes,  113,  310. 
Viburnum  buddleifolium,  109. 
Viburnum  calvum,  310. 
Viburnum  cinnamomifolium,  111. 
Viburnum  cordifolium,  109. 
Viburnum  coriaceum,  110. 
Viburnum  corylifolium,   112. 
Viburnum  cylindricum,   110. 
Viburnum  dasyanthum,  115. 
Viburnum  Davidii,  111. 
Viburnum  erosum,   311. 
Viburnum  erosum,  var.  Taquetii,  311. 
Viburnum  erubescens,  107. 
Viburnum  erubescens,  var.  burmani- 

cum,  108. 
Viburnum  erubescens,  var.  gracilipes, 

107. 
Viburnum    erubescens,    var.    Prattii, 

107. 
Viburnum  foetidum,  111. 


Viburnum  foetidum,  var.  rectangulum, 

112. 
Viburnum  Henryi,  106. 
Viburnum  Henryi  X  erubescens,  106. 
Viburnum  hirtulum,  112. 
Viburnum  hupehense,  115. 
Viburnum  hypoleucum,  110. 
Viburnum  ichangense,  115. 
Viburnum  kansuense,  116. 
Viburnum  laterale,  311. 
Viburnum  lobophyllum,  114. 
Viburnum  lobophyllum,  var.  flocculo- 

sum,  114. 
Viburnum  luzonicum,  var.  f  ormosanum, 

116. 
Viburnum  macrocephalum,  110. 
Viburnum  oHganthum,  108. 
Viburnum  ovatifolium,  113. 
Viburnum  Prattii,  107. 
Viburnum  propinquum,   111. 
Viburnum  rhytidophyllum,  110,  310. 
Viburnum  Rosthornii,  110. 
Viburnum  Sargentii,  116. 
Viburnum  Sargentii,   var.  calvescens, 

116. 
Viburnum  shensianum,  109. 
Vibutnum  sympodiale,  109. 
Viburnum  Taquetii,  311. 
Viburnum  theiferum,   112. 
Viburnum  tomentosum.  111. 
Viburnum  utile,  110. 
Viburnum  Veitchii,  109. 
Viburnum  Wilsonii,  112. 
Viorna,  319. 

VlTACEAE,    99. 

Viticella,  325. 

Viticella  florida,  325. 

Vitis,  102. 

Vitis  aconitifolia,  100. 

Vitis  adstricta,  105. 

Vitis  armata,  104. 

Vitis  armata,  var.  cyanocarpa,  104. 

Vitis  betulifolia,  103. 

Vitis  bryoniaefolia,  104. 

Vitis  Davidii,  104. 

Vitis  Davidii,  var.  cyanocarpa,  104. 

Vitis  ficifolia,  104. 

Vitis  flexuosa,  102. 

Vitis  flexuosa,  var.  parvifolia,  103. 

Vitis  flexuosa,  var.  Wilsonii,  103. 

Vitis  Gentiliana,  100. 

Vitis  Henryana,  101. 

Vitis  himalayana,  101. 


INDEX 


611 


Vitis  inconsfans,  102. 

Vitis  Landuk,  102. 

Vitis  Pagnuccii,  103. 

Vitis  parvifolia,  103. 

Vitis  pentagona,  103. 

Vitis  Piasezkii,  103,  580. 

Vitis  re-pens,  579. 

Vitis  reticulata,  103. 

Vitis  Romanetii,  105. 

Vitis  rubrifolia,  101. 

Vitis  rutilans,  105. 

Vitis  serrulata,  99. 

Vitis  tenuifolia,  99. 

Vitis  Thomsonii,  101. 

Vitis  Thunbergii,  104. 

Vitis  Thunbergii,  var.  adstricta,  105. 

Vitis  Thunbergii,  var.  cinerea,  105. 

Vitis  truncata,  102. 


Xylosma,  283. 

Xylosma  controversum,  284. 

Xylosma  Dunnianum,  284. 

Xylosma  japonicum,  283. 

Xylosma  longifoh'um,  284. 

Xylosma  racemosum,  283. 

Xylosma  racemosum,  var.  pubescens, 

283. 
Xylosma  senticosum,  284. 

Yamasakura,  244. 
Yulan,  391. 

Yulania  conspicua,  400. 
Yulania  japonica,  403. 
Yulania  Kobus,  408. 

Zabelia,  124,  127. 


PLANTAE  WILSONIANAE 

In  this  work  it  is  proposed  to  give  an  enumeration 
of  the  dried  plants  collected  by  Mr.  E.  H.  Wilson 
during  his  expeditions  to  western  China  in  behalf 
of  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  with  descriptions  of  new 
species  and  the  elaborations  of  certain  genera  as  rep- 
resented in  the  Chinese  flora. 

It  is  expected  that  the  work  will  be  finished  in 
six  parts,  making  two  volumes. 

The  price  of  each  part  is  $2.50  ;  they  can  be  obtained 
at  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  Harvard  University,  Jamaica 
Plain,  Massachusetts. 


COLLECTION  OF 
WILSON'S   PHOTOGRAPHS 

The  photographs  mentioned  in  this  work  may  be 
obtained  from  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  Harvard  Uni- 
versity. These  pictures,  taken  by  Wilson  with  a  full 
knowledge  of  his  subjects  and  their  scientific  import- 
ance, give  for  the  first  time  an  accurate  idea  of  trees 
and  different  types  of  vegetation  found  in  western 
China. 

Series  1.  500  photographs  (each  8|  X  61  inches)  taken 
1907-1909,  with  type-written  index,  price  $250.00. 

Series  2.  350  photographs  (size  as  above,  numbered 
01-0350)  taken  1910,  with  type-written  index,  price 
$175.00. 


^ublitationsi  ot  tje  larnoUi  artorttum  o(  ^atbart  ©nfterjiftp 

No.  8. 

THE 

Bradley  Bibliography 

A    GUIDE    TO 

THE  LITERATURE  OF  WOODY  PLANTS,   INCLUDING  BOOKS,  AND 

ARTICLES  IN  THE  PROCEEDINGS   OF  LEARNED  SOCIETIES, 

AND    IN    SCIENTIFIC    AND    POPULAR    JOURNALS, 

PUBLISHED    IN   ALL   LANGUAGES    TO  THE 

END  OF  THE  NINETEENTH  CENTURY 

Prepared  at  the  Arnold  Arboretum  hy  Alfred  Rehder,  under  the 
Direction  of  Charles  Sprague  Sargent 

THIS  work  will  consist  of  five  volumes  and  will  extend  to  between  4000 
and  5000  quarto  two-column  pages.  The  work  is  printed  at  the 
Riverside  Press,  Cambridge  ;  and  only  500  copies  will  be  issued. 

All  students  of  trees  and  shrubs  and  all  librarians  have  long  felt  the 
necessity  of  such  a  work,  and  with  the  growth  in  the  interest  and  practice 
of  forestiy  the  demand  for  it  is  increasing.  There  is  no  bibliography  of 
publications  on  dendrology,  forests  and  forestry  or  on  arboriculture  in  any 
language,  and  the  published  botanical  bibliographies  do  not  contain  ref- 
erences to  articles  in  the  Proceedings  of  learned  Societies  and  in  Journals. 

The  work  is  divided  into  five  volumes: 

Volume      L     Dendrology.     General. 
Volume    H.     Dendrology.     Taxonomic  AiTangement. 
Volume  HI.     Economic  Products  and  Uses  of  Woody  Plants. 
Arboriculture. 

Volume  IV.     Forestry. 

Volume    V.     Index  of  Authors  and  Titles. 

The  first  volume  appeared  in  July  19II,  the  second  in  October  1912. 
Volume  IV.  will  be  published  at  the  end  of  1913,  and  the  manuscript  for 
Volumes  III.  and  V.  is  nearly  ready  for  the  printer. 

The  price  of  the  entire  work  is  $100,  and  the  volumes  will  not  be  sold 
separately.  All  communications  in  regard  to  the  Bradley  Bibliography 
should  be  addressed  to  the  Arnold  Arboretum,  Jamaica  Plain,  Massachu- 
chusetts,  U.  S.  A.,  where  subscription  blanks  and  sample  pages  can  be 
obtained. 


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